F

falcons. See guns.

Fall, Falle, la. See de la Faille.

Falster, island of [Denmark], 78.

Famars, Famas, Famasse. See Lieven, Charles de.

Fare, the. See Vreeswijk.

Farnese, Alexander, prince, duke, of Parma, Parme, Parmeye, governor-general of the Spanish Netherlands, his highness, 219, 299, 340:
-, letters from, 391.
-, -, referred to, 4, 226.
-, letters to, 222, 223, 234, 236.
-, -, referred to, 253, 267, 329, 391, 392, 396.
-, woman-spy of, captured, 1.
-, will not take ransom for Barney, 3.
-, expensive preparations of, 7; fears they will turn to smoke, 28.
-, favour of, to Amadeo, 12.
-, has 3 ambassadors at Emden, 19, 44.
-, English exiles resort to, 34, 37, 52.
-, hears Armada is in Galicia, 36.
-, makes pilgrimage, 35, 37.
-, Mendoza sends courier from Spain to, 64.
-, Spaniard says would lose head if in Spain, 98; their censure unjustified, 104; Mendoça in a great chafe against, 108, 154; Leaguers accuse of betraying Armada, 146; Spaniards charge with treachery, Italians say would have been himself betrayed, 153; supercession of, reported, 232; is blamed for failure, but King must wink at it, 401.
-, has much correspondence in England, 112; hears fortnightly from England, 370.
-, Russel sends Armada prisoners to, 114; Piementel sends a captain to, 185.
-, imprisons la Motte and Champagney, 122; imprisons Aguilar, 158.
-, de Loo sending Derby portrait of, 151.
-, favour of, to Rijngaut, 171.
-, left Dunkirk, 171.
-, unable to raise loan at Antwerp, 188; money sent from Spain to, 232; lacks money, 398.
-, two pages of, slain at Bergen, 204.
-, Tomson sent to, about release of prisoners, 214; Bassets sends Tomson answer of, 320–1; sends Lerma to Tomson, 396.
-, knows Norris brings reinforcements, 252.
-, articles accorded to Grimston by, 258; Grimston commended for overreaching, 271.
-, ill treats English prisoners, 265.
-, States suggest, instigated Stewart's reprisals, 285.
-, assembles Estates at Brussels, 305.
-, returns to Antwerp and on to Brussels, 305; nearly drowned, 323.
-, going to Spain, 320, 351; to load new Armada, 349, 398; may go to Spain, 396.
-, went disguised into Holland, 326.
-, Menninck's relations with, 330–2, 362; Menninck's evidence about plans of, 345–6.
-, plans some enterprise for spring, 346.
-, favours Walloons, 350.
-, raising Swiss and Germans for Spain, 370.
-, eager to take Ostend, 377, 387.
-, Mörs had secret dealings with, 381.
-, ill: death reported, 382.
-, at Dunkirk, 382.
-, army of, the enemy:
-, surgeons and war material sent to, 1.
-, fears will besiege Ostend, 3, 40; Walsingham thinks not, 18; Leicester fears it if Armada does not come, 26.
-, in embarkation camp at Nieuport, 8.
-, many Germans join, 8, 35, 36.
-, fears it will attack Zeeland, 11, 19, 25, 42, 43, 48, 49, 50, 60; States need all available forces against, 20, 43.
-, objective of, is invasion of England, 15, 17, 25, 28; this unconcealed, 34, 37; Leicester thinks would give up this if Armada did not come, 25; depends on Armada to cover crossing, 35; ready to cross when Papists have slain Queen, 41.
-, Dale's reports of, 15, 17, 35, 36, 37.
-, mutinies in, 28; Italians in, desert, 32.
-, preparing to embark, 40; ordered to be ready to embark, 48.
-, draws nearer France, 41.
-, expense of, makes early action essential, 47; Garnier says it is 50,000 strong, 95.
-, Queen's reasons for believing will attack her, 52.
-, between Dunkirk and Nieuport: purpose uncertain, 58; ready to embark for England, 85.
-, danger to States if marched into Gelderland, etc., 65, 135; Walsingham fears it, 175, 177.
-, Gilpin sends news of, 67.
-, Armada in Channel on way to join, 81; Armada was meant to unite with, 116.
-, embarked, then disembarked, 97, 113; driven in by States' fleet, 104; 15,000 strong, still ready to embark, 112; Willoughby expects sortie by, 113.
-, will now attack States, 103, 106, 141, 182; States' expenses against, 104; will attack Zeeland, 122.
-, rumours will besiege Bergenop-Zoom, 136, 142, 159, 196; and Heusden and Geertruidenberg, 188, 191.
-, Burghley would send men to Ostend, Bergen, etc., to divert, 140.
-, hovering for further event, 150; still around Nieuport, 152; uncertain purpose of, 160; will begin no siege till English enterprise impossible, 162.
-, disorders of Spaniards and Walloons in, 158.
-, retires to Dixmude, 172; and towards Sluys, 177; purpose still uncertain, 184.
-, siege of Bergen by. See under Bergen-op-Zoom.
-, likely to prevail against States, 197.
-, plan to cut off from sea, 216.
-, will attack both Gelderland and Bergen, 253; only season likely to hinder, 258; seems to be waiting for frosts, 288; will invade the Veluwe, 302.
-, weakness of in 1583–4, 259; has taken no place since Sluys, 267.
-, prepares new enterprise for next year, 273; against England, 304, 312, 390.
-, Leon given company in, 305.
-, men to go from, to Spain, 305, 379, 396; 6000 sent, 323; 10,000 sent, 311; 4 Spanish regiments sent, 351; 10 regiments sent, 403; sent to Spain or Ireland, 364, 365; nobles in, gone to Spain, 366.
-, may attempt Utrecht now, 313, 316.
-, quartered in towns, 323; going into winter quarters in Flemish villages, 326.
-, forces of, near Ostend, increasing, 365; Ostend hinders little, 407.
-, presence of, in Flanders justified concentration of English at Flushing, Bergen, etc., 333.
-, is very quiet, 371; may attack Bergen again, 381; or Zeeland, 403.
-, See also Bonn, siege of; Charles, archduke; Croy, Charles de; Lalain; Mansfeld, Peter Ernest of; Pardieu, Valentin; Stanley, Sir William; Wachtendonk.
-, court of, 1, 40, 331.
-, naval forces of:
-, Derby sends Hodgson's report of, 3.
-, ships ready to sail at Nieuport and Dunkirk, 8; not more than 18 mean ships, 35, 37; Bruges and Antwerp ships going to Dunkirk, 40.
-, States' fleet sent to blockade, 15, 25; 50 sail blockading, 45; Maurice meant to command in person against, 89.
-, flat bottoms being concentrated at Gravelines, 15, 35, 36.
-, brigantines to be built at Dunkirk, 17.
-, Walsingham thinks, dare not put to sea, 18.
-, mariners desert, 32; and are mutinous, 103.
-, galley driven back, 50.
-, ships for, sought in Denmark, 76.
-, galley driven into Texel, 82.
-, is ready to sail, 85; will make sortie, 118.
-, States' fleet still blockades, 111; and frustrates an attempted sortie, 119; Seymour reinforces blockaders of, 133.
-, Queen asks States to blockade, 133; thanks States for service against, 339.
-, value of States' blockade of, 144; caused Armada's failure, 111.
-, can do nothing now spring tides past, 133; lacks mariners, 158; munitions, etc., still aboard, 172.
-, galley goes to Reyden, 157.
-, ships go after Armada, 171, 172.
-, boats raid into Zeeland, 215.
-, state of, at Dunkirk, 228.
-, 600 boats near Tholen, 271; boats at Bergen, 278.
-, six ships of, to convoy troops to Ireland, 320.
-, ships for, bought of the Hanse, 330; and stores at Hamburg, 390.
-, ships at Dunkirk, 399.
-, relations with France and the League:
-, sent money to Guise, 4.
-, has designs on Boulogne, 63.
-, king allows to victual army from Picardy, 108.
-, Chevalier d'Aumâle gone to, 108.
-, attempts to support League after Guise's death, 391–3; Peronne may admit garrison from, 398; report that he marches to Paris, 400.
-, learns of Guise's death, 395.
-, English peace negotiations with:
-, king warns, not to be abused by, 4.
-, Queens sends Dale to, 10, 17; he returns, 26; account of audiences, 32–5; his answer 'leaves it doubtful,' 38; assures de Loo of sincerity, 47; Croft hopes answer of, will enable Queen to resolve, 46.
-, English demand to see his full powers, 29.
-, has little hope of peace, 47.
-, Queen's ultimatum to (not sent), 51.
-, used treaty as a blind, 59, 83–4.
-, may imprison English commissioners, 60.
-, 'deduction' of whole negotiation with, 71–4; summary report of it, 94–7; refused cessation and reimbursement, 171.
-, English commissioners recalled, 81; provides passports and carriages for them, 94.
-, de Loo finds, still eager for peace, 117, 195–8; and advises fresh overtures to, 150, 151.
-, chapon of. See Villalua, Martin de.
-, entretenido of. See Leguiçamo, Don Tristran de.
-, secretary of, See Garnier, Flaminco; Massi, Cosmo.

farriers, 414.

Feodor I. Ivanovitch, tsar, emperor, of Russia, 351, 352.

Ferdinand, archduke of Austria, 58.

Feret, Ferat, Pherhad, Pasha, Bassa, Turkish general, builds fortress near Rezan, 165; Persians seek to separate Cigala and, 172; overthrow of, 393.

Fernandes, Juan, 264.

Ferrol, Ferral [Coruña, Spain], 231.

Fez, Fess, Fesse [N. Africa], kingdom of, 173.

-, king of, 200.

Fie, John, 293.

Figliazzi, commendator Bongianni Gian, proposal that should mediate peace, 295.

Filkehaza, Filek [Hungary], letter dated at, 336.

-, bey of, brother of Ibrahim Pasha, letter from, 336.

Fin, la. See de la Fin.

Finch, Finshe, —, 82.

Finisterre, cape [Galicia, Spain], 12.

Fionia. See Fyen.

fireships, drove Armada from Calais, 104.

fireworks, wildfire, used in siege of Wachtendonk, 302, 303.

Firolles, count of, 116.

fishermen:
-, Leveson robbed Hollanders, 21.
-, Holland herring fleet, 68, 91.
-, of Dieppe, report about Armada, 100.
-, bring news of San Felipe, 114.

Fizes, Simon de, baron de Sauve, 178.

Flamedeyne, Jacques, 409.

Flanders, county of, 83, 94, 105, 359:
-, German forces arrive in, 8, 58.
-, States' ships watch coast of, 25, 45, 339; Queen asks States to blockade, 133.
-, Parma's forces wait in, till traitors slay Queen, 41; their concentration in, threatens England, 52; and justified concentration of English at Flushing, etc., 333; Gilpin sends news of Parma's forces in, 67.
-, Navarre pledges lands in, to States, 53.
-, Wyatt employed by Willoughby in, 57, 60.
-, free passage from Zeeland into, 59.
-, Russel sends Armada prisoners into, 114.
-, Parma's troops pillage villages of, 158.
-, Parma's army leaves, 183, 214.
-, Killigrew writes of plan for enterprise in, 185; note of some service to be done in, 216–7; Caron advocates the plan, 259.
-, Stewart should seek payment from, 198; makes no claim against, 286.
-, Ostend claims to represent, 212, 248.
-, counts and countesses of, 212.
-, Renty will attack Tergoe from, 273.
-, Parma billets troops in villages of, 326; Stanley goes into, 320; his Irish go into, 351.
-, Ostend burghers all have kinsmen, etc., in, 341.
-, Conway urges offensive in, 377; value of Ostend for such an offensive, 406–7.
-, gentlemen leave, for Spain, 382.
-, council of, Rijngaut's case stayed before, 171.
-, councillors of. See Assonville, Christophe d'; Damhoudère, N. de.
-, president of. See Meetkerke, Adolf van.
-, See also Bruges; Dixmude; Dunkirk; Ghent; Low Countries, Spanish; Nieuport; Ostend.

fleet. See England, navy of; Spain, navy of; Turkey, navy of; United Provinces, navy of.

Flemings, 155, 305.

Flemish tongue, 315, 318.

Flensburg [Schleswig, Denmark, now Germany], prefect of. See Ranzau, Peter.

Fletcher, Jeffrey, of Lord Burgh's company, 194.

Fleure. See Doeres, Floris.

Flicke, Robert, captain of Merchant Royal, 378.

Florence, duchy of, ships of, taken for new Armada, 401; ships of, in Armada. See ships.

-, duke of. See Medici, Ferdinand I de.

Flores, Antonio, captain, 331.

Floris, Florris, John, 353, 408.

-, M. See Thin, Floris.

Flud, Edward, 210.

Flushing, Flusching, Flushinge, Flushyng, Flusshinge, Flusshynge, Flussing, Flussinge, Flussinghe, Flyshing, Flysing, Vlasshen, Vlishing, Vlishinge, Vlisshing, Vlisshinge, Vlissing, Vlissinge, Vlissingen, Vlusshinge, Vlyshinge, Vlyshyng, Vlyssen, Vlysshyng [Zeeland, Netherlands], 28, 64, 72, 118, 183, 224, 230, 235, 320:
-, letters dated at, 11, 12, 30, 32, 48, 49, 50, 58, 59, 81, 82, 83, 101, 105, 113, 114, 122, 130, 132, 133, 137, 140, 150, 152, 159, 164, 169, 180, 188, 192, 194, 199, 213, 214, 217, 224, 226, 231, 235, 243, 246, 249, 251, 252, 269, 271, 273, 274, 307, 308, 314, 316, 317, 344, 345, 362, 364, 365, 368, 378, 383.
-, discussion during peace treaty of restoration of, to Spain, 73.
-, the 1000 shot to embark for England at, 89.
-, Ostend mutineers' grievances to be examined at, 167, 168, 170; money for Ostend sent to, 170.
-, States should pay for extra fortifications at, 243.
-, Bodley to go by way of, 334.
-, discharged soldiers at, relieved by church, 345.
-, advertisements from, 350.
-, garrison of:
-, mentioned, 12, 190, 269.
-, Willoughby and Russel quarrel over appointment of captains at, 9; Buck's declaration upon it, 30; Colman and Savage's accounts, 31.
-, Russel wants reinforced, 48; would need more men than treaty allows, if attacked, 69; dangerous to withdraw any from, 91.
-, ten sent from each band to Ostend, 49, 50.
-, note of men sent to England, 132; 209 sent, 138; these withdrawals dangerously weaken, 100, 177; troops return and are sent to Bergen, 265; Digges' questions about their pay, 161, 294.
-, creditors of, going to England, 58; many undone by debts of, 187, 194, 274; magistrates write on behalf of creditors of, 224, 243.
-, Russel asks that Merchant Adventurers should advance lendings to, 122; fears mutiny if unpaid, 180, 194; also needs powder, 187; has been paid, 241, 242.
-, Zeeland protests at size of, 142; Russel complains of practices to reduce, 163, 249.
-, Russel complains of Queen's small regard for, 152.
-, untenable with 6 companies, 187, 188.
-, many captains in England, 192.
-, dangerous to reduce lendings of, 199.
-, two companies from, to go to Bergen, 220; 200 men sent from, 251; no more can be spared from, 266.
-, not mustered by States since Oct., 1587, 229, 231, 296.
-, T. Digges services as commissary, etc., of, 255.
-, Errington mentioned as probable governor of, 271; he does not desire it, 344.
-, creditors of, in England; petition for them, 277–8; Ortel's requests for them, 282; he asks that they may be satisfied, 307; their petition, 313: debts due, 352–5; Sherley's answer about lendings, 367; he is to answer about stores consumed at, 338.
-, magazine of victuals to be set up at, 327.
-, Bodley to justify English concentration at, 333.
-, Errington's requests about ordnance at, 344.
-, seven companies to stay in, 378; 3 to go with Norris, 390, 391.
-, Russel will send none from, to Wachtendonk, 381.
-, States eager for reduction of, 388.
-, weekly imprests of officers of, 129; money due to, 411.
-, estimate of month's imprests for, 291, 292.
-, money allowed for victualling, 129.
-, money paid to, 170; paid and due to, 275, 276, 277.
-, list of companies in, 30; 'cautionary' companies at, 272–3; musters of companies in, 137, 263.
-, officers of, 410.
-, cannoneer in. See Seale, William.
-, clerk of munition in. See Germain, Edward; Maddox, Griffith.
-, commissary of musters resident in. See Digges, Thomas; Heigham, Arthur.
-, gentleman porter of. See Borlas, William.
-, governor of. See Russel, Sir William; Sidney, Sir Philip.
-, keeper of ordnance at. See Errington, Nicholas.
-, lieutenant-governor, marshal, of. See Borlas, William; Errington, Nicholas.
-, master-gunner in. See Thomas, William.
-, provost-marshal of. See Gwynne, Richard; Manchester, Robert.
-, sergeant-major of. SeeDennis, Maurice.
-, water-bailiff of. See Burnham, Edward.
-, See also cautionary towns.
-, town, magistrates, and inhabitants of:
-, letters from, 224, 243, 362, 378.
-, Russel fears may practise with enemy, 12; are very hostile to English, 48, 50.
-, peace articles alarm, 69.
-, easily stirred to tumult, 122; discontented, 137, 140, 163.
-, Bergen desires same English trade privileges as, 337; privileges of, infringed, 362.
-, desire Borlas to stay as lieutenant-governor, 362.
-, Russel has agreement with about justice, 364.
-, desire grain from England, 378, 383.
-, practices against English at, 379.
-, new bailiff of, dangerous, 133, 188.
-, court of, 355.
-, hospital of, funds of, depleted by relieving garrison, 243, 278.
-, shipping of:
-, thirty sail sent to Seymour, 81, 88, 90.
-, have taken San Felipe, 98, 105, 114, 122; and San Mateo, 114, 176; they sink, 112; papers from them, sent to England, 130.
-, Digges hires bark of, 231.
-, take Cornelis Petersen, 399.
-, See also Heye.
-, baker of. See Anderson, Joyce.
-, burghers of. See Anthonyson, Makyn; Gilliam; Harries, John; Oste, Adrian; Verdurst, Louis.
-, merchants of. See Leynkins, Cornelis.
-, pensionary of. See van den Beke, Jan.
-, provost of Merchant Adventurers at. See Esherstone, Richard.
-, secretary of. See Oillaerts, Adrian.
-, shoemaker of. See van den Well, William.
-, victualler of. See Bart, Anthony; Cartwright, Thomas.

Fly. See Vlieland.

Foeck, Albert, late échevin of Utrecht, act restoring, 254.

Fontaynes, Jacques, French merchant, 88.

Fontenay-le-Comte, Fonteney [Vendée, France], 363.

Foran, Job, merchant, of Ré, 367.

fortification, lecture on, at London, 311.

Fosse, William, clerk of munition at the Brielle, 410; money due to, 409.

France and the French, 131, 259, 348, 359, 414, 415:
-, talk of counter league in, 5.
-, duke of Lorraine withdraws troops from, 13.
-, Parma's forces draw nearer, 41.
-, Buzanval urges Queen to intervene in, 53–4.
-, Stafford expects a great change in, 90.
-, breach of promises to Protestants responsible for troubles in, 97.
-, English keep Armada away from, 100.
-, attacks on Elizabeth printed in, 153.
-, Ste. Aldegonde thinks of going to, 177.
-, Burghley's notes of changes of councillors in, 208, 209.
-, Parma's French sailors discharged, 228; all ships at Dunkirk manned by Frenchmen, 298.
-, Vento gone to, 282.
-, Queen allows Châteauneuf to go to, 318; his requests for leave, 337.
-, Turks say Spain would give to Savoy, 335.
-, Spain will maintain war against, 382.
-, d'Aumâle sends to Parma, 391.
-, Spanish influence in, discouraged Italian princes, 393.
-, good state of, 394.
-, news from, referred to, 395.
-, exchange rate on Antwerp, 398.
-, Artois levies sent into, 399.
-, comfortable news from, 400.
-, admiral of. See Nogaret, Jean Louis de.
-, chancellor of. See Hurault, Philip, count of Chiverney.
-, garde des sceaux of. See Montholon, François de.
-, council of state of, discusses command of army against Navarre, 124; discusses Mendoça's demands about San Lorenzo, 144, 147.
-, king of. See Charles IX; Henry III; Louis XI.
-, lieutenant-general of. See Lorraine, Henry of.
-, marshals of. See Aumont, Jean d'; Beaumanoir, Jean de; de la Châtre, Claude; Gondi, Albert de; Gontaut, Armand de; Goyon, Jacques; Montmorency, Henri I of.
-, queen of. See Louise de Lorraine.
-, queen mother of. See Catherine de Medici.
-, secretaries of state of. See Brulart, Pierre; Neufville, Nicolas de; Pinart, Claude; Revol, Louis.
-, States General, estates, aesteitts, of, 394:
-, Epernon's cause deferred till meeting of, 4.
-, King insists on Blois for meeting of, 108; League would transfer to St. Denys, 125.
-, date of, uncertain, 126.
-, Montpensier bringing all Norman gentry to, 154.
-, ministers dismissed so that may answer before, 178.
-, uncertain when will end, 333.
-, sets out fleet, 363.
-, restrain King's finances, 401.
-, treasurer of épergne. See Roy, le.
-, See also Bourbon; Henry III; Henry of Navarre; League; etc.

Francis, duke of Anjou, Monsieur, 208, 251, 259, 328, 415.

Francis II, duke of Lauenburch, Lauwenberch, Lawenburch, 310, 345.

-, brother of. See Heinrich of Lauenburch.

Franck. See Vranck.

Françoies, captain, 293.

Frankfurt-am-Main [Hesse-Nassau, Germany], 186, 237.

Fransz., Pieter, captain, 149.

Frederick II, king of Denmark, 87, 228, 310:
-, letters from, referred to, 80.
-, letters to, referred to, 76.
-, Queen sends Rogers to condole on death of, 75, 113.
-, Kronborg castle built by, 75.
-, gentlemen complain of fines and disregard of hunting rights by, 77.
-, Hamburg attacks on English church displeased, 227.
-, children of, with dates of birth, 404.
-, brother of. See John, duke of Holstein.

Freeselande, Freeslande. See Friesland.

Fremin, George, colonel, letter from, 105; letter to, 105; discharged by States, 105, 178.

Froth, A., letter from, 224.

friars. See under priests.

Frias, Juan de, 264.

Fridrichburg [Zeeland, Denmark], 404.

Friesland, Freeselande, Freeslande, Friezland, Frizeland, Fryselaynds, Frysland, Phrise, Vriesland, Vrieslandt, Vrieslant, one of the United Provinces, 155, 407:
-, said to refuse contributions, 4; voted, but amount unknown, 155.
-, Willoughby seeks to pacify, 19; disputes continue in, 88; good accord in, 160.
-, Willoughby urges to send councillors of state, 43; is sending them, 155; will not send them, 215; sends them, 253.
-, hopes of peace lead to large enemy gains in, 43; peace articles spread abroad in, 90.
-, Ortel asks Queen to write to, 240; Norris to seek to reconcile Holland and, 247; fears ascendancy of Holland, 289.
-, is quiet, 269.
-, Ostergonians urge Queen to send 4000 men to, 287.
-, Engelstedt would export guns to, 290.
-, deputies on way to States General, 321; one arrives, 342.
-, Menninck's activities in, 330, 331.
-, Council of State writes to, for H. Aysma, 343.
-, fears attack, 371, 388.
-, States of, 260; deputies sent by, to England about peace treaty do not cross, 59.
-, Ostergonians appeal to Queen against, 287.
-, governor of. See Nassau-Dillenburg, William of; Robles, Caspar de.
-, president of. See Aysma, Hessel.

Friesland, East. See under Emden.

-, count of. See Edzard II; Enno.

Frinsel, captain, 286.

Frise, Lewis de, 408.

Frizon, Garrett, 408.

Frys, Albert, of Harritzkier, 80.

Fuchs, captain, a pirate, 87.

Fulford, Fulfard, Fulforde, Fullford, James, captain, 217.

-, Richard, captain, formerly Russel's lieutenant, 410:
-, Willoughby and Russel quarrel over giving company to, 30, 31, 272.
-, money paid to, 263.
-, company of, at Flushing, 137, 263, 273; men from, sent to England, 132; to go with Norris, 391.

Fusingor [N. Jutland, Denmark], 80.

Fyen, Fionia, Denmark, 310.