Townships: Chipping

A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 7. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1912.

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'Townships: Chipping ', in A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 7, ed. William Farrer, J Brownbill( London, 1912), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lancs/vol7/pp26-32 [accessed 25 November 2024].

'Townships: Chipping ', in A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 7. Edited by William Farrer, J Brownbill( London, 1912), British History Online, accessed November 25, 2024, https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lancs/vol7/pp26-32.

"Townships: Chipping ". A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 7. Ed. William Farrer, J Brownbill(London, 1912), , British History Online. Web. 25 November 2024. https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lancs/vol7/pp26-32.

In this section

CHIPPING

Chipinden, Dom. Bk.; Chipping, 1242; Chepin, 1246; Chipindale, 1258; Chipin, 1258; the final g seldom occurs till xvi cent. Schepin and similar forms are found occasionally, 1292 and later.

The northern boundary at Fairsnape Fell attains a height of 1,700 ft.; thence a spur shoots south, terminating in Parlick, 1,416 ft. high. Saddle Fell is a minor eminence to the east. From Parlick the ground slopes rapidly to the east and south, but land over 600 ft. high projects south-east, and on the eastern slope of this, close to the boundary, are Chipping village and church, beside a brook running south to join the sluggish Loud, which rises on Parlick and bounds the township on the west (for part of the way) and south, curling round a hill 500 ft. high, Elmridge. Core is in the north-west corner, and Wolfhall, formerly Wolfhouse, in the north. The area of the township is 5,634 acres, (fn. 1) and it had a population of 820 in 1901.

The principal road is that from Thornley to Chipping village, going north. Many smaller roads branch off from it, crossing the township in all directions.

'Within living memory the district was rich in fine ancestral timber; the oak, the ash, the elm, the sycamore, the hazel and the holly find congenial soil; and . . . the alder grows in great abundance in "carrs and marshes," although surface draining has in recent years much reduced the growth.' (fn. 2)

'Teanleas fires' used to be lighted on 1 May, 24 June, 31 August and 1 November. (fn. 3)

The township is governed by a parish council.

Among the trades recorded in the parish registers of the 17th century are those of gold-beater, glover, hat-maker and linen-weaver. In 1825 there were cotton-spinners, roller maker and spindle maker. More recently lime-burning, iron-working and chairmaking were the principal industries. The last-named continues, but the iron-turning mill was disused about twenty years ago. The land is mostly in grazing. (fn. 4) The soil is clay and calcareous earth.

In 1833 there were cattle fairs on Easter Tuesday and 24 August. The fairs are now held on 23 April and the first Wednesday in October.

Ground for a camp and rifle range was acquired by the government in 1892.

Manors

In 1066 CHIPPING, assessed as three plough-lands, was a member of Earl Tostig's fee of Preston. (fn. 5) After the Conquest it was granted to Roger of Poitou, and became part of the possession of the Bussels of Penwortham for a time. Henry I in 1102 gave it to Robert de Lacy, (fn. 6) and from that time it continued to form a member of the honor of Clitheroe. (fn. 7)

The land appears to have been divided among a number of holders, but it is not possible to trace the origin or descent of these tenements. The most important were those of Hoghton of Hoghton, Knoll of Wolfhouse or Wolfhall, and the Hospitallers, each of them apparently being regarded at one time or another as a ' manor.'

The Hoghton tenement can be traced back to 1292, when Adam de Hoghton complained that Richard le Surreys (Sothron) and others had made forcible entry into his several pasture in Chipping. The jury, however, found that the defendants had a right to common in 20 acres of moor and other land which Adam had inclosed by a dyke, and gave a verdict for them. (fn. 8) In 1313 only the twelfth part of the manor is named in a Hoghton settlement, (fn. 9) but in later times the ' manor' is spoken of absolutely. (fn. 10) In 1425 the manor was stated to be held of the king by a rent of 2s. (fn. 11); in the 16th century the service was unknown. (fn. 12) In 1552–6 there were disputes between Hoghton and Shireburne of Wolfhouse as to the lordship, the command of the waste being of importance. It appears that the Hoghton manorhouse was Black Hall, about half a mile west of the church. (fn. 13) This manor was sold to trustees for Charlotte wife of Lord Strange about 1630. (fn. 14) It does not appear much later. (fn. 15)

The Knolls of Wolfhouse appear to have been a branch of those of Thornley, and in the inquisition of 1628 respecting the estate the manor of Chipping and the capital messuage called 'Wolf house in Shireburne,' with various other messuages, water-mill and lands in Chipping, were stated to be held of the lord of Thornley by the service of a greyhound, a 'coter,' and 3s. rent. (fn. 16) One Adam son of Richard de Knoll had half an oxgang of land in Chipping in 1280, when it was claimed by Ralph de Catterall, (fn. 17) and the surname appears frequently. (fn. 18) Wolfhouse descended to John Knoll, (fn. 19) whose daughter Isabel married Roger Shireburne, a younger son of Robert Shireburne of Stonyhurst; and in 1493 the estate seems to have been secured by Roger. (fn. 20) Roger Shireburne, who built the Wolfhouse chapel in Chipping Church, (fn. 21) died in 1543, his son and heir Robert being then fifty-three years old. (fn. 22) The family remained Roman Catholics at the Reformation, (fn. 23) and during the Civil War the estate was sequestered by the Parliament. (fn. 24) Wolfhouse descended to Alexander Shireburne, who in 1678 mortgaged or sold it to Christopher Wilkinson (fn. 25); six years later it was sold to William Patten and Thomas Naylor (fn. 26) : these were probably trustees of Thomas Patten of Preston, from whom this manor of Chipping has descended through the Stanleys of Bickerstaffe to the Earl of Derby. (fn. 27) No courts are held.

The estate of the Hospitallers in Chippingdale goes back to early times, and is named in 1292. (fn. 28) After the Suppression the manors of Haworth and Chipping were sold by the Crown to George Whitmore of London, (fn. 29) who transferred them to Richard Shireburne of Stonyhurst (fn. 30); this is perhaps the origin of the manor claimed by the family. A court was held by Richard Shireburne in 1690, (fn. 31) and as late as 1825 the manor of Chipping was said to be held by Thomas Weld. (fn. 32)

Sawley Abbey had land in Chipping. (fn. 33)

Of the minor families but little can be stated. The earlier surnames include Chipping and Chippindale, (fn. 34) Greenhills (fn. 35) —some of whose estate seems to have passed to Wawne (fn. 36) and other parts to Brown (fn. 37) —Ravenshaw, (fn. 38) Surreys (fn. 39) and Startevant or Sturtevant, (fn. 40) with others denoting landowners in adjacent townships. (fn. 41) Some deeds of the Halton family have been preserved by Kuerden. (fn. 42)

HESKETH END was long the estate of the Alston family, traceable to the time of Edward I. (fn. 43) The house known by this name is a two-story stone building, about 1½ miles south-west of Chipping the front facing south, with a projecting gabled wing at the west end. The principal part now remaining appears to have been built at the end of the 16th century by the Alstons, but the building was probably originally of greater extent. Some of the inscribed stones in the east part have apparently been inserted in a rather haphazard fashion and suggest the later rebuilding. At the west side is a large projecting stone chimney, but the exterior of the house, which has a stone slated roof repaired with modern blue slates at the back, is chiefly remarkable for the lengthy and unique inscriptions which run across the front and on the inner return of the west wing. These, together with the whole of the front of the house, were for a long time very much obscured by repeated coatings of whitewash, but in 1907 the building was thoroughly restored, the whitewash carefully removed and much of the stone work re-chiselled. The main front wall was largely rebuilt, but the smaller inscribed stones after being carefully cleaned were put back in the positions they formerly occupied. The interior is almost wholly modernized, but there is an inscribed stone in the chief bedroom and another in the dairy. It is now a farm-house.

The west wing, which is 17 ft. across, has a mullioned window of seven lights with hood mould over on each floor and a two-light window in the gable, over which is a stone carved with the sacred monogram. The inscription runs across the front wall above the ground-foor window in double lines, and is carved on six separate stones, the wording on each stone being complete in itself, as follows, except perhaps in the last two stones:
BRVTVS ERECTVS LONDINV ANTE CHRIST 1108
CESAR CONQVERT ANGLIA ANTE CHRIST 58
SAXONII CONQVERT ANGLIA ANNO DON 447 EPISCOPAT IB
DANII CONQVERT ANGLIA ANNO DOI 1018
ANGLIA IN COM · SIVE · SHIRI
AGER FLODDAN AN 1513
ANGL RECEP. FID[E]M AD 179

This is continued on four stones along the return of the west wing facing east as follows, the end of the last stone facing the front being carved with the sacred monogram:
ANNO DOMI 1591 ELIS REGI ROBART ALSTVN 25
REGNO ANNI ETATIS NOSTRE RIC ALSTVN IVNIOR 5
A CREACIONE MVNDI 5553 A CONQVES
TO ANGLIE 524 DEVM TIME REGEM HONOR

Over the door on the return of the west wing facing east is a stone inscribed
RESPICE FINEM ET NVNQV
AM PECCABIS PROX1MVM AMA

and to the left of this over a small built-up window another stone with the name of 'Richarde Alstun 53.' On the main south front are other inscribed stones, one with the sacred monogram between two crosses, another with the fragment RIC AVLSTV, and a third ALSTVN HATH INHERITED HERE IB l8 YER.

In the bedroom in the east wing an inscribed stone reads:
DEVM TIME
REGEM HONOR
PROXIMVM AMA
HOC FAC ET VIVE
IN ETERNVM

and a stone in the dairy has 'Fear God and love the right.'

The west wall retains its old rough stone walling unrestored and has a small square built-up window with the sacred monogram between two crosses on the head. Another window has also some ornament in the head, and the chimney, which is a good one of two shafts, has two gargoyles in the angles.

Richard Alston of Chipping died in 1607 holding a messuage and lands there of the king in socage. Richard his son and heir was forty years of age. (fn. 44)

HELME, now Elmridge, gave a surname to a family which spread into neighbouring townships. (fn. 45) William Helme died in 1597 holding a messuage, &c., of Richard Hoghton by a rent of 4d. and leaving a son Richard, aged twenty-two. (fn. 46) Richard died in 1638 holding of Lord Strange; his son and heir William was thirty years of age. (fn. 47) Leonard Helme died in 1601, but the tenure of his Chipping property is not recorded. (fn. 48) Another William Helme died in 1612, leaving a son James, thirty-nine years old; he also held of Richard Hoghton as of his manor of Chipping. (fn. 49) James died in 1622, leaving a son William, aged twenty in 1633, by which time Lord Strange had succeeded Hoghton. (fn. 50)

CORE was divided. At one time it seems to have been held by an illegitimate branch of the Knolls. (fn. 51) In later times the most important family was that of Parkinson. (fn. 52) From them sprang Richard Parkinson, Canon of Manchester and Principal of St. Bees College, who was born at Woodgates in 1797. (fn. 53)

One of the most notable estates, on account of the tenure, was that of the Leylands of Morleys in Astley, (fn. 54) who held 'of the heirs of William son of William son of Maurice' by a rent of 18d. (fn. 55)

The following were freeholders in 1600: Richard Austen (Alston), Richard Bolton, Henry Mawdesley and Thomas Thornley. (fn. 56) The Subsidy Rolls afford further information; thus in 1524 Roger Shireburne was the principal landowner contributing to the subsidy, Robert Alston and Richard Thornley being the others. (fn. 57) Thomas Sturtivant, Thomas Bolton, Robert Alston, Thomas Thornley, Thomas Rodes and Christopher Mawdesley contributed for their lands in 1543. (fn. 58) Robert Shireburne, Thomas Thornley, Henry Mawdesley, Richard Alston, Roger Sturtivant and Richard Bolton were the landowners in 1597. (fn. 59) Those in 1626 were: Henry Shireburne, Richard Thornley, Richard Parkinson, the heirs of Robert Alston, Thomas Boulton and John Sturtivant; James Beesley and a large number of others paid specially as non-communicants. (fn. 60) Several ' Papists' registered estates in 1717. (fn. 61) The land tax return of 1789 shows that the Earl of Derby, Sir H. Mainwaring, and — Blundell were the chief landowners.

An inclosure award was made in 1812. (fn. 62)

The parish church has been described above.

The Wesleyans made attempts to found a congregation, but abandoned them about 1850. (fn. 63)

The Nonconformists after the Restoration had a meeting-place (fn. 64) and in 1705 the chapel in Hesketh Lane was built. (fn. 65) It is associated with the name of Peter Walkden, minister from 1711 to 1738, whose Diary was published in 1866. (fn. 66) It was closed in 1880 and then sold. The Congregationalists had another chapel from 1838 to 1882. (fn. 67)

In 1604 it was reported to the Bishop of Chester that an 'old priest' was harboured in Chipping; and ' James Bradley, recusant, [was] reported to be a leader of priests to men's houses.' (fn. 68) John Bradley, Grace Fairclough and Richard Singleton, as recusants, compounded for their sequestrations in 1630 onwards by payment of £2 each. (fn. 69) Little, however, is known of the story of the proscribed religion there, and the Roman Catholic church of St. Mary, opened in 1828, seems to be the offspring of the mission long before worked from the adjacent Leagram Hall. It was served by the Jesuits until 1857 and since then by secular priests. (fn. 70)

Footnotes

  • 1. 5,631, including 4 of inland water; Census Rep. 1901.
  • 2. T. C. Smith, Hist, of Chipping, 3.
  • 3. Ibid. 6. For 'Mischief night,' the eve of May Day, see ibid. 52.
  • 4. In 1843 about a fourth of the land was arable, though little wheat was grown; T. C. Smith, Longridge, 202.
  • 5. V.C.H. Lancs. i, 288b. 'Chipinden' or Chippingdale then probably included Leagram and Little Bowland, and perhaps part of Thornley.
  • 6. Farrer, Lancs. Pipe R. 382; see also the account of Aighton.
  • 7. In the account of the lands of John de Lacy in 1241–2 is found a sum of 11s. from Chipping, and it occurs again in 1258; Lancs. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), i, 156, 217. In 1302 John son of Robert del Hall held land of the Earl of Lincoln by the fortieth part of a knight's fee; ibid, i, 319. From later inquisitions it appears that this was in Chipping; Baines, Lancs. (ed. 1870), ii, 693, from the Lansdowne Feodary. In 1311 Joppe of the Hall held a plat of the earl, rendering 1d. yearly, and Thomas son of Kutte did suit for his tenement to the court of Clitheroe; De Lacy Inq. (Chet. Soc.), 18, 19. Later there are but few tokens of the dependency on Clitheroe; see Lancs. Ct. R. (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), 48, 62. In 1356 a number of suitors of the courts of Clitheroe are named, among them being Adam de Hoghton and Adam son of William for tenements in Chipping, Richard son of Thomas de Knoll for Thornley and John de Bailey for Aighton; Duchy of Lanc. Assize R. 5, m. 10 d. In a survey made in 1445–6 Chipping was stated to be held of the king as of his duchy in socage for 100 solidates of land; Duchy of Lanc. Knights' Fees, bdle. 2, no. 20.
  • 8. Assize R. 408, m. 53. Earlier than this may be a release by the widow of William de Moton to Adam de Hoghton of her right in the Wetridding, received from John de Chipping for a third part of the mill; Add. MS. 32106, no. 1500. In 1304 Siegrith or Siota widow of Richard son of Margery de Chipping claimed dower in lands held by Richard de Hoghton, Agnes widow of Adam de Hoghton, William de Southworth, William son of John son of Bimme de Whittingham, Adam son of Isabel de Whittingham and Alice his wife and others; also against Robert de Pleasington in respect of a sixth part of the water-mill; De Banco R. 149, m. 52–3; 152, m. 38 d. For his part Richard de Hoghton summoned Roger son of Richard son of Margery to warrant him; ibid. 153, m. 124.
  • 9. Final Conc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), ii, 14. In 1312 Richard son of Adam de Hoghton gave land in Chipping to his daughter Margery wife of Thomas de Hothersall; Add. MS. 32107, no. 348. Richard de Hoghton was in 1328 described as chief lord when he appeared among the defendants to a claim for a messuage and lands put forward by Emma daughter of William the Ward of Chipping. Her brother Thomas had succeeded, but had been divorced from his wife Hawise for consanguinity; hence his son Richard was dispossessed. The other defendants were William son of Richard de Hoghton, William de Greenhulls (Hoghton bailiff) and Richard son of John de Greenhulls; Assize R. 1400, m. 234 d. Richard de Hoghton in 1328 granted his son William the homage of John son of William de Dodhill; Towneley MS. OO, no. 1504.
  • 10. Final Conc, iii, 3, of the year 1377; it was settled on Henry, younger son of Sir Adam.
  • 11. Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc), ii, 12; the inquisition after the death of Sir Henry. In later inquisitions in the same volume no rent is mentioned nor is a 'manor' claimed; ibid. 81, 127–9. A messuage, 7 acres of land and 5 acres of meadow in Chipping, given in 1407 by Sir Richard Hoghton to his chantry at Ribchester, were held of Sir Henry de Conway by a rent of 6d.; Inq. a.q.d. file 438, no. 26. In 1478 Agnes widow of Henry Hoghton claimed dower in twenty-one messuages, &c., in Chipping; Pal. of Lanc. Writs Proton. 18 Edw. IV.
  • 12. So in that of Alexander Hoghton, 1498, and later; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. iii, no. 66; xiv, no. 26, &c. The manor of Chipping, with fifty messuages, water-mill, dovecote, &c, was in 1602 settled on Sir Richard Hoghton and Katherine his wife; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 64, no. 73. This manor was included in a general settlement in 1616; ibid. bdle. 89, no. 41.
  • 13. a The bounds of the manor show that it covered the whole township; they went up Chipping Brook, Peacock Brook, Carr Hey Brook, east to Threapleigh, to Burn slack, west to the edge of Bleasdale Hill, Mereclough, Broadhead, down Bleasdale Brook to the Loud, and back to the starting-point. The pleadings are printed by T. C. Smith, Chipping, 16–21.
  • 14. Land in Chipping was held of Richard Hoghton in 1622 and of Lord Strange in 1633; Towneley MS. C 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), 507. In 1626 a court was held by Richard Hoghton as lord of the manor; T. C. Smith, Chipping, 22. It appears that the manor was purchased out of the portion of Charlotte de la Tremouille in 1629–30; Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), ii, 226. It is not named among the estates of Sir Richard Hoghton, who died in 1631. In 1642 a settlement of the manors of Goosnargh and Chipping was made by William Earl of Derby, James Lord Strange and Charlotte his wife; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 141, no. 31. For other references see Lancs, and Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), ii, 244, 247.
  • 15. It is stated to have been sold as early as 1641 to James Walmesley and others; and in 1649 Elizabeth Walmesley, widow, held a court baron; T. C. Smith, Chipping, 24, 23.
  • 16. Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xxv, no. 51, after the death of Robert Shireburne, gent.
  • 17. De Banco R. 32, m. 24; 36, m. 71. By an inquiry in 1274 it was found that one Roger Haslinghead, hanged for felony, had held of Adam de Knoll a messuage and half an oxgang of land in Chipping, which had been in the king's hands for a year and a day; Lancs. Inq. and Extents, i, 241. Seisin was accordingly restored to Adam; Cal. Close, 1272–9, p. 90. Adam son of Richard de Knoll held a tenement in 1292 which was unsuccessfully claimed by Bernard de Hacking; Assize R. 408, m. 42. Adam seems to have been living in 1305; Assize R. 419, m. 4; 420, m. 8. Alice widow of Adam de Knoll claimed dower in a messuage, &c., against Master Richard de Hoghton and Agnes de Scopham in 1308; while in 1312 Richard son of Adam de Knoll claimed land against Alice widow of Adam; De Banco R. 173, m. 185; 195, m. 219 d. It is said that Robert son of Richard de Chipping made a grant of land to Richard son of Lewis de Knoll, to whom Roger de Whitaker made another gift; also that Henry de Thelwall gave land near the Kirk brigg to Richard de Knoll; T. C. Smith, Chipping, 7, 8 (quoting the Derby MSS.).
  • 18. John de Knoll, Richard le Surreys and others were in 1292 stated to have thrown down a dyke to the injury of the free tenement of William de Whittingham, clerk; Assize R. 408, m. 61 d. John de Knoll, Adam his brother and Richard son of John were in 1308–9 among the defendants to a claim for a messuage, &c., made by John son of Thomas son of Christiana de Chipping, in virtue of a grant from his father, who was still living; Assize R. 423, m. 1. This John appears to be the ancestor of the Knolls of Thornley, according to the pedigree in Smith, Chipping, 33. John son of Richard de Pleasington appeared in 1355 by his custodee against Richard son of Richard de Knoll, Ellis de Whitlydale, and John son of Richard de Knoll, who held a tenement in Chipping claimed by him; Duchy of Lanc. Assize R. 4, m. 6 d. It was alleged that Robert de Pleasington, grandfather of plaintiff, had given the tenement to his son Richard in the time of Edward II; for the defence it was stated that part had belonged to Alice wife of Robert and grandmother of plaintiff, and that she had given them to Richard son of Adam de Knoll and to the said Richard son of Richard; ibid. 5, m. 27. A grant by Robert de Pleasington to Richard son of Adam de Knoll in 1313 is in P.R.O.; Anct. D. A 7462. Richard de Knoll of Helmefield was plaintiff in 1357; Duchy of Lanc. Assize R. 6, m. 1.
  • 19. The above-named Richard son of Adam de Knoll or Knolls (Knowles) had by his wife Cecily sons named Thomas and Richard. From a pleading of 1329 it appears that one Richard son of Christiana (perhaps the Christiana de Chipping of the note preceding) granted a messuage and land to Roger de Wedacre, free for ten years, but subject to a rent afterwards. As Roger refused to pay this rent, the property was demised to Richard de Knoll and his sons, whereupon Roger claimed; Assize R. 427, m. 1. From a confused statement drawn up about 1550 (Add. MS. 32106, no. 1086) it appears that Richard de Knolls, son of William (sic) and father of Lawrence, gave Lawrence a moiety of his lordship of the town of Chipping in 1329, the other moiety descending to Lawrence at Richard's death in or before 1348. In the same year John de Knolls, also son of Richard, made a feoffment of his lands, water-mill, &c., and Emma his widow in 1373, holding in dower, also granted to feoffees, who afterwards gave to Roger de Knolls. A release was made to Lawrence Knolls in 1446–7. 'John Knowles was the son of Christopher Knowles and father of Isabel Knowles; which Isabel married Roger Shireburne, and they had issue Robert Shireburne, which Robert had issue Roger, now defendant.' Lawrence son of Richard de Knoll appears in 1344–7; Assize R. 1435, m. 9, 15, 37. Lawrence in 1348 proved his right to a messuage, &c., in Chipping held by Ralph de Knoll and by Thomas son of John de Knoll and Richard and John sons of Thomas; Assize R. 1444, m. 8. One Adam de Knoll was in 1360 charged with an assault on Thomas son of Roger de Knoll at Thornley; Assize R. 451, m. 21. A John son of Richard de Knoll appears to have forfeited his lands for felony, as they remained in the king's hands from 1382 to 1409 (Lancs. Inq. p.m. Chet. Soc. i, 72); but Thomas son of Roger de Knoll alleged that he had purchased some or all of the lands in Chippingdale after the king's pardon had been obtained; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxii, App. 355; xl, 525. From inquiry made in 1425 it appears that certain lands of Thomas son of Roger son of Lawrence de Knoll had been given to his wife Katherine, who afterwards married Geoffrey de Warburton of Newcroft in Flixton, the reversion being to Lawrence son of Thomas; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc), ii, 9–11; i, 73. Richard and Edmund sons of Lawrence Knoll are mentioned in 1448; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 11, m. 31. Margaret widow of Richard Knoll claimed dower in 1473; Pal. of Lanc. Writs Proton. 13 Edw. IV.
  • 20. Final Conc, iii, 143.
  • 21. T. C. Smith, Chipping, 73 (from Derby MSS.).
  • 22. Ibid. 227, from the Inq. p.m. among the Derby MSS. His estate included closes called the Knott, Whitacre and Birchenlee. The mill and lands in Chipping were held of the Earl of Derby (as of his manor of Thornley) in socage. Roger the son and heir of Robert seems to have been married as early as 1523 to Margaret daughter of John Bradley. Sir Richard Shireburne of Stonyhurst and Roger Shireburne of 'Millhouse' in 1554 agreed that the latter should not alienate his estate, and that in default of male issue by Grace, then Roger's wife, it should go successively to Hugh and Henry, Roger's brothers; Add. MS. 32106, no. 1085. In 1569 there appears to have been an exchange of lands, &c., in Chipping between Roger Shireburne and Thomas Hoghton; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 31, m. 171, 184. From the pedigree printed in Dugdale's Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 265, it appears that the succession was as follows: Roger -s. Robert -s. Roger -s. Robert. The last-named died in 1627 holding the 'manor' as stated in the text, and leaving as heir his brother Henry, aged twentytwo; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xxv, no. 51. An agreement between Henry and Isabel, Robert's widow, was made about the same time; Add. MS. 32106, no. 1095. From the same pedigree it appears that another brother John succeeded and sold Wolfhouse to his uncle, John Shireburne, who had a son Robert and grandson Edward, who seems to have died young. From a fine of 1638, however, it seems that the younger John Shireburne transferred his manor of Chipping, with watermill, dovecote, various messuages and lands, to Richard Shireburne of Stonyhurst, perhaps as trustee; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 133, no. 27. Robert Shireburne (father of Edward) was succeeded by his brother Alexander, the vendor. Various details of the descent will be found in Smith, op. cit. and Sherborn, Fam. of Sherborn, 59–66. For the Shireburnes of Knott, a branch of the Wolf house family, see ibid. 114–16.
  • 23. In 1607 the two-thirds part of Roger Shireburne's estate sequestered for recusancy was granted out by the Crown; Pat. 5 Jas. I, pt. i.
  • 24. In the composition papers it is stated that the above-named Isabel widow of Robert afterwards married Thomas Helme of Goosnargh, and that Robert's lands were sold to a William Parker. Parker's estate was sequestered for 'delinquency,' and the widow was allowed the £15 a year she claimed in 1651; Cal. Com. for Comp. iv, 2782. About the same time John Shireburne claimed allowance of his title to the manor of Chipping, of which Parker was in possession by conveyance from the said John in 1641. Parker had granted him a rent-charge of £10 a year for life and covenanted to provide him in meat, drink, apparel and lodging and keeping for a horse. Robert Shireburne, the son of John, in 1653 begged allowance of his title to Chipping Manor, Wolfhall, the Knotts, &c, conveyed to him by his father, William Parker having unjustly intruded thereon. This claim was admitted and the sequestration discharged as from 24 Dec. 1649; ibid, iii, 2300. John Shireburne of Staffordshire, probably the John who sold to his uncle of the same name, complained that his estate had been sequestered as to twothirds on the supposition that he was a recusant; but he'has been and is conformable and was never convicted'; ibid. 2301. The will of Robert (son of John) Shireburne, dated 1668, bequeathing the manor of Chipping, Wolfhall, &c., to his brother Alexander is printed in Smith, Chipping, 229.
  • 25. Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 201, m. 111. The estate is described as the manor of Chipping, with twenty messuages, &c., and a water-mill in Chipping and Thornley. Alexander Shireburne was joined with his wife Frances in the fine.
  • 26. Ibid. bdle. 212, m. 109. The deforciants were Christopher Wilkinson, Ellen his wife, John Shireburne, William Banks and Anne his wife. William Patten and Thomas Naylor appear as trustees for Thomas Patten in a later fine; ibid. bdle. 213, m. 8. The date of purchase by Thomas Patten is given as 6 Feb. 1679–80 in Smith, Chipping, 226. Some particulars of the later years of Alexander Shireburne will be found in the work above cited—Fam. of Sherborn, 65–7. He was a recusant in 1680; Smith, op. cit. 30.
  • 27. See the account of Thornley.
  • 28. Plac. de Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.), 375. About 1535 the knights' bailiff of Chipping had a fee of 33s. 7d.; Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), v, 69. In a rental of 1609 it is recorded that the Hospitallers had held Highfield, &c., of the king as of his manor of Chipping by a rent of 1s.; Kuerden MSS. ii, fol. 132b. William Hall, hanged in 1506, had held lands in Chipping and Dutton of the Prior of St. John by a rent of 7s. 6d.; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. iii, no. 19.
  • 29. Pat. 9 Jas. I, pt. xxvii. The manor was parcel of the preceptory of Newland in Yorkshire.
  • 30. Kuerden MSS. ii, fol. 132. There were free rents in many townships, lands in Claughton and perquisites of courts. Sir Richard Shireburne of Stonyhurst, who died in 1594, had held lands in Chipping, but the tenure was not known; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xvi, no. 3. After the above-named purchase Richard Shireburne (1628) was seised of the manors of Haworth and Chipping, but the tenure is not stated; ibid, xxvi, no. 4.
  • 31. T. C. Smith, Chipping, 23.
  • 32. Baines, Lancs. Dir. ii, 633. A similar statement is made in his later Hist, of Lancs, (ed. 1836, iii, 362), with the addition that the Earl of Derby had recently purchased the manor.
  • 33. Roger de Lacy gave to John de Dinckley (Dunkekanlega) an oxgang of land in the vill of Chipping formerly held by Alexander de Chipping, a rent of 12d. being payable; Harl. MS. 2077, fol. 324. John son of Uctred de Dinckley gave St. Mary of Sawley Haselhurstridding, and, desiring that it should be held free from all secular service, charged his oxgang in Chipping with any such service due from his gift. Confirmations were granted by Robert, Gilbert and Alice, the children of John de Dinckley. Geoffrey son of Richard le Waleys by the above-named Alice, who had been tenant of Haselhurstridding, gave part of Coueracres to the monks, the bounds naming Evisbrook, Mersyke, Brundeparloc (? Parlick Brow) and Covihill. These charters, from Harl. MS. 112, fol. 72b, are printed in Whitaker, Whalley, ii, 483–4. The Sawley land, called Helhurst in Chipping, was granted by the Crown to Sir Arthur Darcy in May 1538; L. and P. Hen. VIII, xiii(i), g. 1115 (13).
  • 34. Several references to them will be found in preceding notes. John de Chipping gave land to William son of Adam de Aula; T. C. Smith, Chipping, 7. In 1280 Cecily widow of William de la Sale claimed dower against John de Chipping and others; De Banco R. 36, m. 45 d. Siegrith daughter of Adam de Chippindale was in 1292 nonsuited in her claim for a tenement in the place held by Thomas de Chippindale and John Bimmeson of Whittingham; Assize R. 408, m. 76. At the same time Alice widow of Roger son of William de Chipping claimed as dower the third part of three messuages, 24 acres of land and 8 acres of meadow held by Robert the son of Roger; ibid. m. 64 d. Emma daughter of Richard son of Margery de Chipping in 1304 recovered an oxgang of land, &c., against Roger the son and heir of Richard and William his brother, she alleging a grant from their father; ibid. 419, m. 2. John son of John del Hall of Chipping in 1322 held 10 acres in Chipping by the fortieth part of a knight's fee; Lancs. Inq. and Extents, ii, 134. In 1336 William son of John de Chippindale claimed various plats of land against John de Dudhill, Adam son of Thomas de Hothersall and Roger le Sotheryn (Surreys); De Banco R. 306, m. 177. John son of Adam son of Robert de Chipping and Cecily widow of Henry the Wright in 1358 obtained a writ concerning messuages and land in Chipping; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxii, App. 337. Margaret widow of Lawrence del Hall of Chippingdale in 1402 released her right in land in Anstehalgh in Ribchester; Add. MS. 32106, no. 353. In 1506 William Hall held a messuage and land in Chipping of the king as of his castle of Clitheroe by a rent of 18d.; being convicted of felony in Middlesex he was imprisoned at Newgate and afterwards hanged; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. iii, no. 19. William son and heir of Robert Hall enfeoffed his uncle Roger Hall of Gainsborough of all his lands in Dutton, Chipping and Chippingdale; Add. MS. 32106, no. 181. Roger Hall was the king's bailiff of Gringley, Notts.
  • 35. Adam son of Richard de Greenhills granted to Sir Adam de Hoghton all his land in Robert's-croft on the eastern side of Cresswell Syke, just as he had received it by gift of Adam son of Thurstan; Dods. MSS. cxlii, fol. 54.
  • 36. John son of John de Greenhill in 1310 gave to Henry de Dinckley and Maud his wife land in Chipping, the bounds of which began on the eastern side of Mabholm, went down to the Loud, ascended this stream to Barton Hey, thence north to the Foul outlane as far as Diksnape Syke, and southward to the starting-point; Ct. of Wards, box 13 A, no. FD 27. The same Henry and Maud in 1358 obtained land between Whitacres and Countes Hey and between the Black Moss and Loud; ibid. no. FD 45; box 13 B. These and other lands in Chipping, Wheatley, Wilpshire and Dinckley seem to have come to Richard Hirde and Margaret his wife by 1418–21; ibid, box 13 A, no. FD 24, 16, 37, 15, I; box 13 B. In 1455 they were transferred to William son and heir-apparent of John Wawne ('Wawan') of Chippingdale, John having been son and heir of Margaret Hirde; ibid, box 13 B; 13 A, no. FD 18, 28. William Wawne, Elizabeth his wife and Thomas his son and heir occur in 1469; ibid. FD 11. WilliamWawne son and heir of Thomas in 1520 gave to feoffees his close or pasture land called Marebonne, occupied by Edward Helme, for the use of Grace, grantor's wife, in accordance with an agreement between his mother Anne and one Nicholas Walmesley; ibid. FD 30. William Wawne, described as 'of Wheatley,' in 1566 made a feoffment of lands in Wheatley, Chipping and Ashley (in Whittingham) for the use of his son and heir Nicholas; ibid. FD 13. In the following year Nicholas married Ellen daughter of Edward Sharpies of Osbaldeaton; ibid, box 13 B. Edmund Wawne son of Nicholas died in or before 1592 holding a messuage in Chipping of Robert Shireburne by a rent of 6d., and 4 acres improved from the waste, held of the queen by the hundredth part of a knight's fee; also lands in Wheatley and Ashley; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xv, no. 13. His mother Ellen is named, and his heir was his younger brother Thomas, thirteen years of age.
  • 37. In 1426 a messuage and lands with common of turbary were settled on John Brown and Alice his wife, with remainders to their children Thomas, Richard, Joan and Agnes, and in default to the right heirs of Christiana de Greenhills, mother of Alice; Final Conc, iii, 91. This Alice was perhaps the mother of John Formby named in the account of Studley in Thornley. Evan Brown died in 1545 holding a messuage in Chipping, and his brother George in 1567 holding of Thomas Hoghton by 1d. rent; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. vii, no. 24; xi, no. 4. James Brown in 1586 held similarly; ibid, xiv, no. 42.
  • 38. Stephen de Ravenshaw contributed to a subsidy in 1332; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), 80. William son of Stephen de Ravenshaw in 1342 acquired land and wood in Chipping from William de Ravenshaw the younger and Alice his wife; Final Conc, ii, 115. William was afterwards outlawed for felony, but in 1360 his lands were released to the superior lord, Sir Adam de Hoghton; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxii, App. 341.
  • 39. The name either as Surreys or Sothron occurs frequently in the neighbourhood. Alice widow of Hugh le Surreys released to Roger son of Bimme her dower right in Boothhurst in Chipping, which Hugh had granted to Roger; Dods. MSS. cxlii, fol. 56b. The same Roger, it may be added, had a grant of Coppedhurst from Emmota de Meluir; Add. MS. 32106, no. 1495. Thomas (son of Hugh) lc Surreys in 1288 claimed land in Chipping against Roger son of William de Chipping and John son of Roger; De Banco R. 72, m. 40; 89, m. 19. Richard le Surreys was defendant in 1292 and plaintiff in 1301; Assize R. 408, m. 64d.; 419, m. 13.
  • 40. Robert Startevant of Chipping in 1304–5 claimed various lands in the township as son of Robert son of Bimme the White, averring that his father had died during a pilgrimage to the Holy Land; Assize R. 419, m. 4; 420, m. 9, 10. Among the defendants were Master Richard de Hoghton, Agnes widow of Adam de Hoghton, William and Thomas de Helme, Roger son of Richard son of Margery de Chipping, William son of John son of Bimme de Whittingham, John de Greenhill and Richard son of 'John Othegrenehulles.' With regard to the surname White it may be added that Robert son of Robert le Blund in 1246 claimed 6 acres in Chipping against John son of William; ibid. 404, m. 3.
  • 41. Richard de Catterall in 1244 held lands of the heir of the Earl of Lincoln; Lancs. Inq. and Extents, i, 160. The Bartons of Barton long held a close called Barton Hey of the Hoghtons, without any known service; see, for example, Lancs.Inq.p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), i, 8. They occur as early as 1298, in which year John de Barton called upon Master Richard de Hoghton (as mesne lord) to acquit him of service demanded by Henry de Lacy Earl of Lincoln; De Banco R. 122, m. 62 d. Lawrence Starkie died in 1532 holding land of the king by knight's service; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. ix, no. 21. Disputes between the heirs occurred in 1540; Ducatus Lanc, i, 165. The Chippingdale estate seems to have been sold by one of the co-heirs—Etheldreda wife of Humphrey Newton — to Sir Richard Shireburne in 1565; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 27, m. 112. The tenure of the Chippingdale lands of George Kirkby of Up Rawcliffe is not recorded; they appear to have been sold by his brother William to Gabriel Hesketh in 1563; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xi, no. 8; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 25, m. 197. This was perhaps the estate afterwards held by the Heskeths of Poulton of Shireburne of Wolfhouse by a rent of 2s. 5 Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), iii, 364–6. Jane Beesley, widow, in 1585 held the moiety of a messuage called Peacock Hey, &c, but the tenure is not stated; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xvi, no. 24. Francis Beesley in 1609 held his lands, &c, in Chipping of Richard Hoghton; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc), i, 138–9. The tenure of Richard Walton's messuage (1594) is not recorded; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xvi, no. 42; xvii, no. 48. That of Joshua Galland (1638) was of the king by knight's service; ibid, xxx, no. 17. John Bairstowe of Brownhurst had lands in Chipping, 1623–4; Chan. Iaq. p.m. ii, Misc. 515–78.
  • 42. Kuerden MSS. iii, H 3. The earliest deed is a grant by Richard son of John de Knoll to Adam son of William de Halton of a messuage in Chipping in 1332. John Halton appears from 1451–2 to 1479 and Miles his son and heir (who calls James Helme 'my uncle') in 1466 and 1477, in which latter year John, his son and heir, was espoused to Margaret daughter of Robert Mason. Miles again occurs in 1481 and 1497–8; and James the brother and heir of John Halton, deceased in 1505–6, was bound to Margaret, the widow of John, who had married Nicholas Cotton.
  • 43. The place may have taken a name from the Heskeths recorded in the last note but one. In 1291 Geoffrey son and heir of Benedict de Chipping claimed land against Christiana daughter of William the Wainwright and John son of William de Alston of Helme; it was alleged that Robert son of Benedict de Chipping had demised the land to William de Alston; De Banco R. 87, m. 37. There is little record of the family. William and Robert Alston, yeomen, occur in 1447; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 10, m. 42.
  • 44. Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc), i, 108–9. Captain Robert Alston, apparently a Parliamentarian, occurs in 1650; Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), ii, 264. 'The Alstons remained owners until 1702, when it passed to the Eccles family; in 1819 Richard Eccles of Wigan sold it to Thomas Cardwell, whose descendants now (1893) possess it'; T. C. Smith, Chipping, 234, where many particulars as to the Alston family are given.
  • 45. Ralph de Helme occurs in 1332; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), 80. Lawrence de Helme and Isabel his wife in 1377 obtained from William del Wood and Margery his wife a messuage and lands in Chipping; Final Conc, iii, 2. A settlement of two messuages, cottages, land and wood in Chipping and Helme was made in 1553; the remainders were to Joan then wife of William Lorimer and then after her death to Lawrence Helme and his issue by Joan then his wife; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 14, m. 36. For a dispute between Alice Helme, widow (and others), and Thomas Helme see Ducatus Lanc, ii, 227.
  • 46. Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), i, 150. With regard to the rent of 4d. it may be noted that one Geoffrey de Whittingham in 1297 held a plat of the waste in Chippingdale for which he received that sum; Lancs. Inq. and Extents, i, 283.
  • 47. Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xxx, no. 76.
  • 48. Ibid, xviii, no. 20.
  • 49. Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.), i, 213. He had other lands in Thornley, Wheatley and Lea.
  • 50. Towneley MS. C 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), 507.
  • 51. John Mauldeson of 'Coure,' a minor, in 1358 claimed a messuage and land against Richard and Adam, sons of Thomas de Knoll, as being son and heir of John son of Richard de Knoll. It was alleged that his father (John son of Richard) was born before espousals; Duchy of Lanc. Assize R. 6, m. 1. In 1360 John son of Maud de Coure had livery of a messuage and lands seised into the duke's hands by reason of the felony of John (son of Richard) de Knoll; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxii, App. 347. Richard Cover alias Coer, yeoman, is named in 1448; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 11, m. 42.
  • 52. T. C. Smith, Chipping, 247. A dispute as to lands in Chipping between Whitaker and Parkinson is referred to in Lancs, and Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), ii, 246. In 1653 Ralph and Richard Parkinson of Chipping petitioned to compound for land sequestered by the Parliament for the delinquency of their eldest brother Thomas Parkinson of Infield in Claughton; Cal. Com. for Comp. iv, 3106.
  • 53. See the account of Manchester Church and the 1880 edition of his Old Church Clock. He died in 1858.
  • 54. An estate in Chipping, Thornley, &c, was given to feoffees by William Leyland and Anne his wife in 1509; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 11, m. 249, 248. Part of the estate was held for life by Eleanor Holland, widow, and part by Robert Thimelby and Margery his wife. Sir William Leyland died in 1547, but the tenure of his Chipping lands is not recorded; in the case of Thomas Leyland, his son, it is given as in the text and likewise after the death of Edward Tyldesley; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xi, no. 20; xiv, no. 10. In 1621, however, the tenure was described as of Sir Richard Hoghton as of his manor of Chipping in socage; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc), ii, 269. In 1606–7 a grant of lands in Chipping, Wheatley and Thornley was made to Edward Tyldesley of Astley; Pat. 4 Jas. I, pt. xxx. It should be added that according to an old pedigree (Harl. MS. 1408, fol. 159) William Leyland married Anne daughter and heir of Alan Singleton, who was the descendant of the heiress of Adam de Bury, whose estate in the parish is noticed under Thornley. The wardship and marriage of Anne daughter and heir of Alan Singleton were in 1503 granted to James Medcalfe; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 543.
  • 55. a Nothing is known of the origin of the tenure. William son of Maurice occurs in the Pipe Roll of 1213–15, when he owed 40s. out of 60s. due apparently for some encroachment on the forest or other offence against the forest laws; Farrer, Lancs. Pipe R. 251. He also attested a charter by Roger de Whitacre, who gave lands in Chipping to Reginald; Dods. MSS. xci, fol. 161. The bounds in this case are of interest: Along the lache which falls into Summerford as far as the moor and then on the west side to the road to the mill between Chipping and Wheatley, down the road to the Loud, and along this river to Summerford.
  • 56. Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), i, 235–6. Some references to the Mawdesley family will be found in Ducatus Lanc.
  • 57. Subs. R. Lancs, bdle. 130, no. 82.
  • 58. Ibid. no. 125.
  • 59. Ibid. bdle. 131, no. 274.
  • 60. Ibid. no. 317.
  • 61. James Richmond, Thomas Wilcock, John Bolton, James Lowde, John Dewhurst, Bartholomew Dilworth, Thomas Dobson and James Parker; Estcourt and Payne, Engl. Cath. Non-jurors, 103, 127.
  • 62. Lancs, and Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), i, 56.
  • 63. T. C. Smith, Chipping, 180.
  • 64. During the indulgence granted by James II a meeting was set up at Chipping; O. Heywood, Diaries, iii, 228. Among the 'Presbyterian parsons and their meeting-places' registered in 1689 was Thomas Whalley for Christopher Parkinson's house in Chipping; Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 231. This minister went to Hindley; O. Heywood, op. cit. iv, 309. Christopher Parkinson was probably the benefactor of the school.
  • 65. T. C. Smith, Chipping, 165–80; Nightingale, Lancs. Nonconf. ii, 210–17 (a view is given). James Bolton left £40 for a meeting-house, ' but when the door of liberty is shut' to poor widows and orphans; Gastrell, Notitia (Chet. Soc), ii, 403.
  • 66. Peter Walkden was born near Manchester in 1684 and educated at the school there. After leaving Hesketh Lane he went to Holcombe and then to Stockport, where he died in 1769. An account of him, with extracts from his diaries and papers, may be seen in Trans. Hist. Soc. xxxii, 118; xxxvi, 15.
  • 67. Nightingale, op. cit. ii, 220–3.
  • 68. Visit. P. at Chester Dioc. Reg.
  • 69. Trans. Hist. Soc. (new sen), xxiv, 174, 178. The list of recusants in 1667–8 is printed by T. C. Smith, op. cit. 29. See also Misc. (Cath. Rec. Soc), v, 147–9.
  • 70. Foley, Rec. S. J. v, 339; Smith, op. cit. 158–60.
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