Townships: Leyland

A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 6. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1911.

This free content was digitised by double rekeying. All rights reserved.

Citation:

'Townships: Leyland', in A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 6, ed. William Farrer, J Brownbill( London, 1911), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lancs/vol6/pp10-17 [accessed 25 November 2024].

'Townships: Leyland', in A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 6. Edited by William Farrer, J Brownbill( London, 1911), British History Online, accessed November 25, 2024, https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lancs/vol6/pp10-17.

"Townships: Leyland". A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 6. Ed. William Farrer, J Brownbill(London, 1911), , British History Online. Web. 25 November 2024. https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lancs/vol6/pp10-17.

In this section

LEYLAND

Lailand, Dom. Bk.; Leiland, 1212; Leylond, 1256; Leylaund, 1259.

This township consists of two portions. The main part, that to the east of the River Lostock, here flowing south to join the Yarrow, has an undulating surface rising gradually from 50 ft. above sea level to over 200 ft. at the eastern border. Leyland Moss, the smaller part, to the west of the river, is flat and does not rise much above the 50 ft. level. The village or small town of Leyland lies in the centre of the township, with the hamlets of Turpin Green in the north-east and Earnshaw Bridge and Straits in the north-west. To the south of the village lies Worden, with its park of 300 acres. There are also hamlets at the Moss and Midge Hall to the west of the Lostock. The township measures 3,725½ acres, (fn. 1) and in 1901 had a population of 6,865.

Three principal roads go through the township from south to north. Of these the central one passes Worden and winding through the village of Leyland by the church goes north-east and north to Farington and Preston. To the east is part of the road from Wigan to Preston. To the west another road, lined with dwellings, goes from south to north near the Lostock, crossing this stream at Earnshaw Bridge. Two other roads cross from east to west; of these the southern one passes through Leyland village by the church, and goes through the Moss to Cocker Bar; while the northern one goes through Turpin Green and Earnshaw Bridge to Midge Hall. The London and North Western Company's main line from London to Scotland runs through the eastern side of the township, and has a station named Leyland, a mile or more to the north-east of the parish church. On the west side the Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's line from Liverpool to Preston passes through, with a station at Midge Hall.

The ancient village cross was restored in 1887 as a Jubilee Memorial, (fn. 2) and a drinking fountain was erected.

The Roman road from Wigan to Walton-le-Dale went north through Euxton and Leyland, (fn. 3) and coins, &c., have been found. (fn. 4)

The hearth tax of 1666 records a total of 218 hearths; the principal houses were those of William Farington, with 23, and of Roger Charnock, with 9. (fn. 5)

A local board was formed in 1863 (fn. 6); this has now become an urban district council of twelve members, chosen by four wards—St. Andrew's, St. Ambrose's, St. James's, and St. John's. The place is supplied with water from Clayton Green, and with gas by a private company. There is a public hall in Towngate.

The soil is sandy, overlying gravel and clay; wheat, oats, beans, barley and potatoes are grown. The cotton manufacture was introduced about 1830, and there are now several mills and bleach works. There are also gold thread works and a large indiarubber manufactory. Fairs are held on 24 March and 26 October.

Manors

King Edward held Leyland in 1066. (fn. 7) The whole of the township appears to have been assessed anciently as three plough-lands, and was soon after the Conquest included within the fee or barony of Penwortham. (fn. 8)

More than a third was granted out in alms to the Hospitallers and to Evesham Abbey, and some part of the remainder may have been held in demesne or given in small parcels, but most was included in the grant of two plough-lands and 2 oxgangs in Longton and Leyland made to Robert Bussel by Roger de Lacy about 1206, (fn. 9) and the part of this gift lying within Leyland constituted what was afterwards called the manor of LEYLAND. It was held by knights' service. (fn. 10)

Robert Bussel was the tenant in 1212 and in 1242, (fn. 11) but soon afterwards his estates seem to have been divided among co-heirs. One moiety of the manor descended through a daughter to the Farington family. (fn. 12) The other moiety was acquired, possibly by purchase from another co-heir, by the Waltons of Ulnes Walton (fn. 13); being like their other manors purchased by Henry Earl of Lancaster in 1347, (fn. 14) it descended with the duchy (fn. 15) until 1551, when it was sold to Anthony Browne, (fn. 16) whose wife Joan, as heir of Sir Henry Farington, held the other moiety. (fn. 17) The whole, by gift and by inheritance, descended to Dame Browne's heirs, the Huddlestons, (fn. 18) and was in 1617 sold by them to William Farington, then the principal representative of his family. (fn. 19) It has since descended like the following estate.

WORDEN was part of 9 oxgangs of land granted to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem by Roger de Lacy, but the right of the actual tenant was left undisturbed, Hugh Bussel holding in 1212. (fn. 20) Worden (fn. 21) is later found in possession of a branch of the Andertons, (fn. 22) with whom it remained till 1534, being then acquired by Sir Henry Farington. (fn. 23) Sir Henry gave it to William his son by his second wife. (fn. 24) William Farington was trained to the law, became an active magistrate in Lancashire in the time of Elizabeth, served as steward of the household to three Earls of Derby, and maintained and enlarged his inherited estate. (fn. 25) In religion he was externally a conformist to the Elizabethan settlement, but reputed to be in secret its bitter enemy. (fn. 26) His descendants have remained Protestant.

William Farington died in 1610 (fn. 27) and Worden was left to his grandson William, whose father, said to have been a spendthrift, was still living. (fn. 28) The younger William, as stated, purchased the manor of Leyland in 1617. He was sheriff of the county in 1636 (fn. 29) and on the outbreak of the Civil War took the king's side, as an official of the Earl of Derby, and is distinguished from his namesakes as 'the Royalist.' He was at once appointed a commissioner of array and reported by the opposite side as one of 'the most busy and active,' his servant, William Sumner, taking possession of the stock of powder at Preston in 1642. He accompanied Lord Strange to the siege of Manchester in the same year. He was the principal adviser of Lady Derby at the first siege of Lathom in 1644. His name was removed from the list of magistrates and his estates sequestered by the Parliament at the beginning of the war. (fn. 30) He was again a prisoner in 1646, after which he compounded for them, taking no further part in the struggle. (fn. 31) Dying in 1658 he was succeeded by his son William, also a Royalist sufferer, (fn. 32) and he by his son Henry (fn. 33) and grandson William, high sheriff in 1714. (fn. 34) The lastnamed William dying in the same year without issue, Worden and the manor of Leyland went to his cousin William Farington of Shaw Hall in Leyland, (fn. 35) whose son George succeeded in 1717, and held the estates till his death in 1742. (fn. 36) Shaw Hall is now called Worden.

Worden Hall, Leyland

The eldest son and heir was William, sheriff of the county in 1761, (fn. 37) and made a knight that year; he died without issue in 1781, when James Farington, a younger brother, came into possession. His son William succeeded him in 1800, and was high sheriff in 1813. (fn. 38) He was followed in 1837 by his only surviving son James Nowell Farington, whose heirs, on his death without issue in 1848, were his sisters Susan Maria and Mary Hannah, who never married. The former lady, who survived her sister about six years, died in 1894. She was esteemed for her charitable disposition and her literary and antiquarian tastes; she edited a volume of Farington Papers for the Chetham Society, and otherwise assisted its work. After her death in 1894 the manor and family estates were held by her trustees for the benefit of Mr. William Edmund Farington, then a minor. He was the son of William James. Farington and came of age in 1907, married the following year, and died 28 February 1909. (fn. 39) His only child being a daughter, the manor and estates devolved upon Colonel Richard Atherton Farington, who died 15 October 1910, and is succeeded by his son Henry Nowell. Courts were held till recently. (fn. 40)

Worden Hall is a modern building on the site of and incorporating parts of the older house known as Shaw Hall. The old building was enlarged and altered by Sir William Farington soon after 1742 and is described in 1836 as a 'large irregular stuccoed pile, containing a suite of apartments used as a museum stored with natural curiosities, busts, marbles, &c., and a collection of paintings, some of them frescoes found in the ruins of Herculaneum and brought from Italy by Sir William, under whose direction the principal room, 66 ft. long by 33 ft. wide in the centre, was erected.' (fn. 41) The house was largely rebuilt and entirely refronted in stone in 1840–5 by Mr. J. N. Farington from the designs of Anthony Salvin.

Worden Old Hall, now a farm-house, is situated in the extreme south-east of the township, and is apparently only a fragment of a former house. It has, moreover, been much altered, and the principal front, which faces north, has been rebuilt in modern times in brick. The older portion, which is said to have been originally erected in 1509, (fn. 42) is on plan a parallelogram about 62 ft. long by 20 feet wide, and is built of stone to a height of 10 ft. with 2-in. bricks above. The roof is covered with stone slates. The original north front was apparently of timber, portions of which yet remain in position at the east end inside the house, and are visible over the door in the porch. At some later date the building has been extended about 9 ft. on this side, and the present brick front with four gables erected, the porch and small gable over probably belonging to the old front. The brickwork is now whitewashed and the gables painted to represent timber and plaster work. The windows are all modern. Under the small gable over the porch is inserted a stone with a large cross and the emblems of the Passion, and over the middle gable is a dilapidated wooden turret containing a bell. The door is the original one of oak, nail studded, and with iron hinges and ring handle. One of the bedrooms and part of a room on the ground floor are panelled in oak, but otherwise the interior is uninteresting and modernized. One of the chimneys is original, with diagonally set brick shafts, but the others have been rebuilt.

To the north of the hall is a barn about 60 ft. by 20 ft. constructed of oak timbers, now filled in with brickwork, and on a stone base. The roof is covered with stone slates, and the upper part of the building slightly overhangs, the sill being supported by five carved oak brackets, four of which have shields with the arms of (1) Farington of Worden quartering Farington of Farington; (2) Farington impaling Talbot; (3) Farington impaling Benson. The fourth shield is indecipherable. The barn was probably built by Thomas Farington of Worden in the latter half of the 16th century.

Another part of the Hospitallers' land was named Brex, and it gave a name to the tenant. (fn. 43)

Two oxgangs of land in Leyland were granted by Albert Bussel to Evesham Abbey or its cell at Penwortham, (fn. 44) and after the Dissolution were acquired together with other estates by the Fleetwoods. (fn. 43)

One or more families took a surname from the place, and in 1301 there was a dispute between Robert and John, sons of Adam de Leyland, respecting a messuage and an oxgang of land there. (fn. 46) In 1345 John de Blakelache (or Blacklidge) and Margery his wife claimed a messuage and land against John de Leyland of Preston. (fn. 47) The same or another John son of Thomas died soon afterwards, leaving a daughter Cecily as heir. (fn. 48) The pedigree cannot be traced. There is frequent mention of the Bussel family. (fn. 49)

BLACKLACHE HOUSE was afterwards known as Leyland Hall. (fn. 50) In the 17th century it was held by the Charnocks, formerly of Cuerden. (fn. 51) William Charnock died at Leyland in 1598, leaving a son Roger, eleven years old. (fn. 52) Roger Charnock, as a convicted recusant, paid double to the subsidy in 1626. (fn. 53) At his death in 1633 he had a messuage in Leyland, tenure not recorded, and possessions in Farington, Cuerden, Longton, Hutton, and Howick; his son William was twenty-five years of age. (fn. 54) William, a convicted recusant in 1628, (fn. 55) was succeeded by a younger brother Thomas, (fn. 56) of very doubtful history, whose estates were sequestered by the Parliament. (fn. 57) Leyland Hall afterwards descended to another brother, Robert, a priest, (fn. 58) who endeavoured to secure it to the use of the secular clergy. But in 1686 this purpose was made manifest on trial, and the Hall was declared forfeit, as devoted to 'superstitious uses,' and was after the Revolution given to the vicar of Leyland to increase his endowment. (fn. 59)

Charnock of Leyland. Argent on a bend sable three crosslets of the field, a mullet of the second in sinister chief for difference.

Leyland Old Hall, the former residence of the Charnocks, and sometimes called Charnock Hall, is now a farmhouse and consists of two wings at right angles, respectively west and south, with a porch in the inner angle. It is situated between the railway station and the church, facing east, and is architecturally almost without interest, being a small two-storied brick building with stone quoins and with half-timber work in one of the gables and in the north side of the south wing. The brickwork is now either whitewashed or covered with rough-cast, and a stone over the porch with the arms of Charnock, and the initials and date, r.c. 1660, is almost illegible. The south side retains a five-light mullioned window with diamond quarries on the upper floor and traces of a six-light window below; there are also several other mullioned windows now built up, but most of the windows are modern. The roofs are covered with stone slates, except at the back where blue ones are used. The building was restored in 1884, when several 'hiding places' were reported to have been discovered. (fn. 60)

The Radcliffes and Bartons of Smithills, perhaps as heirs of the Walton family, long held an estate in the township. (fn. 61) This may have been the Leyland Hall which in 1688 was part of the lands of Thomas Crook of Abram. From his heirs it was purchased by Barton Shuttleworth, and sold to the Rev. Thomas Baldwin, vicar of Leyland, by Edmund Shuttleworth about 1750. (fn. 62)

Other families occur in pleadings and inquisitions as holding land in the township, among them being Shireburne of Stonyhurst, (fn. 63) Banastre, (fn. 64) Clayton, (fn. 65) Knoll, (fn. 66) Ayscough, (fn. 67) Hesketh, (fn. 68) Moly neux, (fn. 69) Stopford, (fn. 70) Sumner, (fn. 71) and Werden. (fn. 72) The inquisitions supply some further names. (fn. 73) In addition to Farington and Charnock there were some minor sequestrations in Leyland by the Parliament during the Civil War, but for religion only. (fn. 74) Mawdesley of Leyland recorded a pedigree in 1664. (fn. 75) Three small estates of 'Papists' were registered in 1717. (fn. 76) The principal contributors to the land tax in 1783 were the executors of Sir William Farington, paying over a fifth; among the smaller ones were James Barton, the Rev. Mr. Baldwin, and John Park; in 1798 Alexander N. Kershaw (of Heskin) had about the same as these. (fn. 77)

Barton of Smithills. Azure a fesse between three harts' heads cabossed or.

The parish church has been described above. St. James's, Moss Side, was built in 1855, the south aisle being added in 1872; it is in the gift of the Farington trustees, having been built by the family. St. Ambrose's, built in 1885 as a chapel of ease to the parish church, became an independent parish in 1898. The vicar of Leyland presents.

A day school was founded at Moss Side by Samuel Crook in 1770. (fn. 78) The Balshaw school at Golden Hill was founded in 1782.

There is a Wesleyan Methodist chapel at Golden Hill, near the village, built in 1814, and another at Midge Hall, built about 1870. (fn. 79) There are also two Primitive Methodist chapels; one of them, dating from 1859, represents work begun in a barn about 1830, (fn. 80) the other was built in 1902.

The Congregational Church in Hough Lane was erected in 1877, succeeding a small chapel in Towngate, built in 1843–4. (fn. 81)

After the confiscation of Leyland Hall little is known of the existence of Roman Catholic worship in the township, (fn. 82) but the chapel at Euxton Hall was probably used. St. Mary's, near the parish church, was opened in 1855, and is served by the English Benedictines, the mission having been begun in 1846. (fn. 83) Here is preserved a mediaeval chalice, bearing the inscription 'Restore mee to Leyland in Lankeshire.' It is imagined to have belonged to the parish church or one of its chantries, and to have been repurchased or rescued from destruction by Roman Catholics; on the opening of St. Mary's it was 'restored' accordingly. The inscription, in a late 17th-century style, probably shows that it then belonged to the chapel in Leyland Hall. (fn. 84)

Footnotes

  • 1. Including 12 acres of inland water.
  • 2. For this cross, and others in the neighbourhood, see Lancs. and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xvii, 24–7. Views of the ancient cross and well and of the new one are given. For an alleged custom in the village, see N. and Q. (Ser. 4), vii, 107, 175.
  • 3. Watkin, Rom. Lancs. 68.
  • 4. Lancs. and Ches. Antiq. Notes, i, 117; Watkin, op. cit. 236, 229.
  • 5. Subsidy R. 250, no. 9. The following had six hearths taxed: Roger Crook, Thomas Eaves, Paul Morae, William Sumner of Lostock, and the wife of Edward Whaley.
  • 6. Lond. Gaz. 3 July 1863.
  • 7. V.C.H. Lancs. i, 287b. See the account of the hundred.
  • 8. Lancs. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 32–4. The ploughland held in 1212 by Robert Hikeling's heir may have been in Leyland; ibid. i, 31.
  • 9. Lancs. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 34. This may have been a confirmation of Robert Bussel's existing right, made in consequence of the acquisition of the barony of Penwortham by Roger de Lacy in 1206; see V.C.H. Lancs. i, 336. Robert was no doubt the son of Geoffrey Bussel, and one of the claimants of the barony.
  • 10. The Leyland and Longton holding, together with the lordship of Euxton, was to be held by the tenth part of a knight's fee. Later it would appear that each of the divisions was held by the tenth part of a fee.
  • 11. Lancs. Inq. and Extents, i, 34–6, 150. Some grants by Robert Bussel (or Busshel), lord of Leyland, are printed in the Arch. Fourn., 1875, pp. 479–80, from the originals at Worden. One is a grant to his son William of all easements and profits pertaining to two houses in the vill of Leyland. Another gave an acre to Thomas the Tailor, son of Geoffrey de Leyland, at a rent of 6d. The third was of 20 acres to Henry de Whalley, son of Ughtred; the boundaries began at the highway where it descended to the brook between Leyland and Clayton, ascended this brook to Werden, along Werden south to Sussnape, then following Greenlache to the highway.
  • 12. In a pleading of 1334 it was shown that certain land claimed against William de Walton had been included in a gift by Robert Bussel to John son of William del Meols in free marriage with his daughter Avice; their son William was father of William de Farington, the plaintiff; De Banco R. 300, m. 311; 304, m. 407 d.; 306.
  • 13. In 1333 Richard son of Adam de Leyland claimed a moiety of the manor of Leyland against William de Walton, and various lands in the vill against others; De Banco R. 296, m. 86 d. He stated that Richard son of Warine Bussel had given it to Thomas de Leyland and Alice his wife and their heirs; that they had two sons, Richard (s.p.) and Adam, the latter being plaintiff's father; ibid. 299, m. 54d. The suit was continued later against William de Walton for twothirds of the moiety of the manor and against John de Croft and Emma his wife for the other third; also against Adam de Knoll, William son of Adam de Knoll, Robert son of John Salcockson, Adam son of Ralph the Smith and Agnes his wife, John Banastre, Christiana widow of Henry son of Ellis, Adam de Rossall and Alice his wife, Robert son of Geoffrey de Walton and Cecily his wife, for various messuages and lands; ibid. 303, m. 54. In a continuation of the suit it was alleged that Richard son of Warine Bussel, greatgrandfather of the plaintiff, had granted the moiety to Master Adam de Walton; ibid. 306, m. 105 d. The moiety of the manor was held by the Waltons as early as 1301; Final Conc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 194. Somewhat earlier (1296) William de Lea and Maud his wife unsuccessfully claimed a messuage and half the mill in Leyland against Master Adam de Walton and John his brother and heir; De Banco R. 113, m. 75.
  • 14. Final Conc. i, 124. See further in the account of Ulnes Walton. A claim for the manor seems to have been made by Legh and Radcliffe in 1365; De Banco R. 421, m. 225. In 1355 the holders of the tenth part of a knight's fee in Leyland, Longton and Euxton, formerly held by Robert Bussel, were Henry Duke of Lancaster, William de Farington and William de Holland; Feud. Aids, iii, 87.
  • 15. Some details of the grants and leases of the group of manors to which the moiety of Leyland belonged will be found in the account of Eccleston. John Duke of Lancaster in 1368 demised to William de Farington and John his brother the moiety of the manor of Leyland for a term of thirty-five years, paying the ancient rent for the first five years and the due proportion of the increased rent (£140) of the manors of Ulnes Walton, Eccleston and Leyland; Duchy of Lanc. Great Coucher, i, fol. 70, no. 46. In 1402 and again in 1410 the moiety of the manor was demised for life to William son of John de Farington, deceased; Duchy of Lanc. Misc. Bks. xvi, 40, 41 d. (pt. ii). Sir Henry Farington, lord of the other moiety, became the lessee in 1505; ibid. xxi, a/59 d. A survey of the duke's moiety of the manor in 1398 is copied in Piccope MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xiv, 65–7. The free tenants were the heirs of William de Farington, holding by knights' service and 3s. rent (half to the duke and half to Penwortham); Adam de Knoll, 13d.; Adam de Blacklache (Blacklidge), 3s.; Adam de Bretherton, 4s.; William de Leyland, 6d.; Abbot of Evesham, 22d.; William Mercer the draper (for Ayscough land), 20d.; John de Faldworthing, 5s. 1d.; Ralph Banastre, 8s. 6d.; and the heirs of Richard de Shireburne, 6d.; of Nicholas de London, 5d.; of John de Leyland, 3d.; of — Baldwin, 3d.; of John de Farington, 14½d.; of — Culmelache, 3s.; and of William Herreson, 2s. 4d.; the total of free rents was 38s. 0½d., and of rents of tenants at will £21 1s. 11½d. The latter included Robert de Farington, rector of Bebington, and John the Milner, who had the mill, a cottage and an acre on each side of Northbrook, paying 16s. 4d.
  • 16. Duchy of Lanc. Misc. Bks. xxiii, 70 d. Land called Conylache was included.
  • 17. See the account of Farington. William de Farington in 1333 claimed 7 acres against John de Faldworthing; De Banco R. 296, m. 431; 298, m. 191 d. In 1336 he purchased a messuage and land in Leyland from Hugh del Ridleys and Alice his wife; Final Conc. ii, 102. The land was the right of Alice; see De Banco R. 296, m. 219 d.; 297, m. 27 d. Free warren in Leyland was allowed to William de Farington in 1349; Charter R. 143, m. 30, no. 41. William Farington in 1445–6 held lands in Leyland of the duchy, rendering 18d. yearly; Duchy of Lanc. Knights' Fees, bdle. 2, no. 20. At the death of Sir William Farington in 1501 his lands in Leyland were found to be held of the king as of his duchy of Lancaster by the tenth part of a knight's fee; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. iii, no. 67. His son, Sir Henry, had a son William, who married a co-heir of Clayton and left an only daughter and heir, Joan, named in the text, who by Henry Beconsaw, her former husband, had a daughter Dorothy, heiress of a large part of the Farington, Beconsaw and Clayton estates. The Brownes had a long contest with Robert Farington, third son of Sir Henry, who claimed as heir male. See the account of Farington and numerous references in the Ducatus Lanc. (Rec. Com.). See Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 12, m. 94; 20, m. 87; 44, m. 211.
  • 18. In 1575 Edmund Huddleston of Southwold and Dorothy his wife complained of an invasion of their lands by William Farington. They stated that Sir Anthony Browne, being in his lifetime seised of a moiety of the manor of Leyland, granted it in 1557 to the said Dorothy and her heirs; while the other moiety was settled on Sir Anthony and Joan his wife for life, with remainder to the petitioners and their issue, who had duly entered. William Farington answered that he was lawfully seised of the land in dispute in virtue of an award in a former suit with Robert Farington 'his uncle'; Duchy of Lanc. Plead. Eliz. lxxxii, H 14.
  • 19. Leyland Manor was included in a Huddleston settlement in 1606, the deforciants in the fine being Sir Edmund Huddleston, Dorothy his wife and Henry their son; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 70, no. 84. In a fine three years later the deforciants were Thomas Emery and Mary his wife; ibid. bdle. 76, m. 2. This refers to the 'manor of Leyland' and lands, &c., there. The date 1617 is given by Canon Raines, quoting 'Worden Evidences'; Stanley Papers (Chet. Soc.), pt. ii, p. xix. That the purchase took place between 1615 and 1617 appears by comparing various inquisitions; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), ii, 219, 73 (cf. i, 169).
  • 20. Lancs. Inq. and Extents, i, 33. This grant may have been a confirmation by Roger on his obtaining the barony of Penwortham. Hugh Bussel was probably one of the claimants to the barony. The Hospitallers' lands are named in 1292; Plac. de Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.), 375. The tenants and rents about 1540 were the following:—The king, whose undertenant was — Bushel, 3s.; Nicholas Blacklidge for a messuage called Burscough Place, 6d.; Peter Farington, for Brex and other lands, 12d. and 6d.; Sir Henry Farington, for Milnhurst, bought of John Farington, 6d.; the same for Worden, late the land of James Anderton, deceased, 3s.; Kuerden MSS. v, fol. 83b. It thus appears that Worden was about a third part of the lands of St. John.
  • 21. The old spelling is Werden. It is sometimes called a vill. William Bussel of Euxton gave to William de Anderton and Isabel his wife and their heirs all his land in the hamlet of Worden in the vill of Leyland for a rent of 4s., covering the rent of 3s. due from the grantor to the Hospitallers; Kuerden fol. MS. (Chet. Lib.), 59. In 1542 the charter was cited as a grant to William de Anderton and Ellen his wife, their heir being Oliver Anderton, then living; Duchy of Lanc. Deps. xxxvii, A 4. Thomas Bussel, son of the above William, gave to Adam de Walton, his lord, certain land inclosed from the wood of Leyland and a croft; Kuerden, loc. cit.
  • 22. Among the witnesses to local deeds the following Andertons occur, probably holders of Worden:—Robert, seneschal of Leyland, 1315–25; Adam, 1331–57; William son of Adam, 1367; William, 1379–1401; Edmund, 1411–24; James, 1447–73; Cuerden D. in Harl. MS. 2042, fol. 116b, &c.; Add. MS. 32109, fol. 27b, &c. William de Anderton had a tenement in Leyland in 1290, when he complained of injury by John de Walton, Robert de Holland of Euxton, William son of Alice Bussel, and others; Assize R. 1288, m. 13 d. Alice widow of William Busshel of Euxton in 1284 claimed dower in Worden against Robert son of William de Anderton; De Banco R. 55, m. 98 d. In 1303 Robert son of William de Anderton called upon Thomas son of Adam de Anderton to warrant 80 acres of land, &c., in Leyland by Euxton; De Banco R. 148, m. 211. The defendant was the lord of Anderton. William and Robert de Anderton attested a Chorley charter in 1301; Bailey MSS. (Chet. Lib.), bdle. 32, no. 50. Robert de Anderton of Leyland contributed to the subsidy in 1327 (Subs. R. 130, no. 5), and appears as juror and witness down to 1329; Lancs. Inq. and Extents, ii, 222; Whitaker, Whalley, ii, 385. Adam de Anderton appears in 1331 (Raines MSS. xxiii, 230), and contributed to the subsidy in 1332; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), 52. In 1347 William son of Adam son of Adam de Anderton was contracted to marry Ellen daughter of Adam de Clayton; Kuerden MSS. ii, fol. 240b. Adam de Anderton was made a justice for Leyland Hundred in 1345; Cal. Pat. 1343–5, p. 509. He occurs regularly down to 1361; Dods. MSS. cxxxi, fol. 46. William de Anderton attested a deed at Leyland in 1387, and in 1385 was a commissioner to levy a subsidy; Raines MSS. xxiii, 238; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xl, 523. William Anderton of Worden and Edmund Anderton of Worden are mentioned in 1400–1; Harl. MS. 2042, fol. 167b. Edmund Anderton and Margaret his wife had land at Biggins near Kirkby Lonsdale in 1417; the remainders were to Edmund's sons James (wife Elizabeth), William, John, Thomas, Robert, and the right heirs of Margaret; Feet of F. Westmorland, case 249, file 8 (2 Ric. II6 Edw. IV, no. 20). In 1419 Edmund Anderton of Leyland was forbidden to levy any multure at the water-mill he had erected to the hurt of the king's freehold in Leyland until he had proved his title; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxiii, App. 16. Edmund Anderton and James his son occur in 1429–35; Harl. MS. 2042, fol. 167. Edmund occurs as a witness in 1438–9; ibid. fol. 167b. James Anderton had lands in Howick in 1441 and in Haslingden in 1443; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 3, m. 2; 4, m. 3 d.; Farrer, Honor of Clitheroc, i, 502. He and William Anderton attested a deed in 1475; Towneley MS. DD, no. 108. William Anderton of Worden occurs in 1466; Pal. of Lanc. Pat. R. 9, no. 29. William Anderton was a surety in 1485; Dods. MSS. liii, fol. 98b. He died soon after, for in 1486 his widow Isabel and the other executors of his will were plaintiffs; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 62, m. 2 d., 4, 6, 11. James Anderton occurs as witness in 1488; Dods. MSS. liii, fol. 87. From depositions made in 1542 the descent is thus proved: Edmund -s. James -s. William -s. James, who married Anne daughter of Sir William Farington in his father's lifetime; Duchy of Lanc. Dep. xxxvii, A 4a. Lands in Whittington and Biggins are named. It was probably this James Anderton who was constable of Hornby Castle 1511 to 1524; Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 216–17, and will of Edward Stanley Lord Mounteagle. James Anderton died 12 August 1523 holding the capital messuage called Worden Hall, with other messuages and lands in the vills of Worden and Leyland. Worden Hall was held of Oliver Anderton by the rent of 12d., and the lands in Leyland of Henry Farington by a rent of 8d. James had in 1518 made a settlement of his estate in favour of his wife Anne for her life. His heir male was a cousin, John Anderton, son of Richard, brother of William, father of the deceased; his heirs general were his four sisters and their issue, viz. Margaret wife of John Skillicorne; Francis Banastre (minor) son of Ralph son of Ellen; John Ainsworth son of Elizabeth; Alice wife of Henry Stokes; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. v, no. 51. From the tenure here recorded it appears that the lord of Anderton was mesne tenant between the actual holder and the Hospitallers. John Anderton, the heir male, afterwards endeavoured to recover the Leyland estate. He cited a charter by which John Walton, vicar of Leyland, and another trustee granted four messuages, &c., to James son of Edmund Anderton and his heirs male by Elizabeth his wife, who were parents of the above-named William and Richard, fathers of James and John respectively; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 153, m. 15. A claim for the manor of Worden was made in 1542 by the above-named John Ainsworth son of Richard Ainsworth and Elizabeth his wife; Duchy of Lanc. Plead. xi, A 4, Dep. xxxvii, A 4a.
  • 23. In 1531–2 Worden was held by John Skillicorne and Anne his wife, she being the widow of James Anderton, when John Anderton, described as 'of Budworth' in Cheshire, the heir male, put in his claim; Duchy of Lanc. Dep. xx, A 2. Anne widow of James Anderton was living in August 1534; Pal. of Lanc. Writs Proton. file 31 (Aug. 26 Hen. VIII). She is said to have died at the end of 1534; Fishwick, Kirkham (Chet. Soc.), 191 (pedigree).
  • 24. There was a settlement of the manor of Worden and other lands by Sir Henry Farington and Dorothy his wife in 1537; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 162, m. 11. Dorothy Farington, widow of Sir Henry, and William the son and next male heir of the said Dorothy and Henry, in 1551 complained that Robert Farington and others had endeavoured to disseise her of various messuages and lands in Leyland, Worden and Whittle-le-Woods; Duchy of Lanc. Plead. Edw. VI, xxix, F 11. Sir Henry on 1 May 1535 demised the manor of Worden to his son Thomas on a yearly tenancy; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 166, m. 9 d.
  • 25. There is a full and laudatory account of him by Canon Raines in the introduction to the Stanley Papers, pt. ii, where his will is printed (pp. lxxviii, &c.). He desired to be buried in the chapel on the south side of Leyland Church, known as St. Nicholas' or Farington chapel, in the tomb wherein his father, grandfather and great-grandfather lay. William Farington in 1560 procured a confirmation of his arms with an alteration of the crest; Misc. Gen. et Herald. i, 61.
  • 26. Fleetwood, the Puritan rector of Wigan, writing in 1587 to Lord Burghley about 'the notorious backwardness of the whole company' of the Earl of Derby in religion, specially mentions several of the earl's council as follows: 'Halsall is a lawyer, presented these last sessions as a recusant in some degree. Farington is as cunning as he: not anything sounder in religion, though much more subtle to avoid the public note than he. Rigby is as cunning and unsound as either, and as grossly to be detected therein as Halsall. All three of them as busy contrivers of dangerous devices against the peace of the ministry and free course of the Gospel and direct proceeding of justice, in all common opinion, as any that ever bore authority among us.' See the letter (from Strype) in Wigan Church (Chet. Soc.), i, 168, 170. See also Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 585. In the Farington Papers (Chet. Soc.), p. 140, is a significant letter from one who evidently regarded William Farington as disregarding his conscience. For the Dr. Draycott referred to see Gillow, Bibl. Dict. of Engl. Cath. ii, 105.
  • 27. Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 180. Worden was held of the king, as of the late priory of St. John of Jerusalem, by a rent of 4s. The 'Tenmarks land' was held of Dame Dorothy Huddleston in socage. Thomas, the son and heir, was forty years of age. He was passed over with an annuity by his father, who had been displeased with him; Stanley Papers, ii, p. lxxxiv.
  • 28. Thomas Farington father of the heir made an unsuccessful attempt to secure Worden; ibid. p. lxxxix, &c. He was buried at Leyland 14 October 1622. A pedigree was recorded in 1613; Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 19. William Farington paid a fine of £13 6s. 8d. on refusing knighthood in 1631; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 214.
  • 29. P.R.O. List, 73. The records of his year of office are printed in Farington Papers (Chet. Soc.), 1–55. A short sketch of his life and character is given in the introduction to the volume. He founded an almshouse at Leyland. He was a member of the Short Parliament of 1640; Pink and Beaven, Parl. Repre. of Lancs. 71.
  • 30. Civil War Tracts (Chet. Soc.), 327, 329, &c.
  • 31. Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), ii, 287–95. William Farington the elder held Worden, with its demesne lands, Littlewood in Ulnes Walton, &c., together worth £188 13s. 4d. a year; other lands in Leyland, called Shaw Hall, worth £6 13s. 4d. a year; and others in Lancashire and Cheshire. Family letters of the Civil War period are printed in Farington Papers, 73–116.
  • 32. The younger William was perhaps the 'Captain Farington' captured at Preston in 1643. He took part in the defence of Lathom House in both the sieges. See Civil War Tracts, 73, 184, 212. He had a messuage and lands in Leyland and occupied Shaw Hall. These were sequestered and in 1649 he petitioned for leave to compound; Royalist Comp. Papers, loc. cit. He was fifty years old in 1664, when a pedigree was recorded (Visit. 107), and was buried at Leyland 27 February 1672–3. His will is at Chester.
  • 33. Aged thirty in 1664. Letters to him as 'Major Farington' are printed in Farington Papers, 176–9. The account of the later generations is based on the pedigrees in Gregson, Fragments (ed. Harland), 256–7; Burke's Commoners, iii, 341–2; Foster's Lancs. Pedigrees; and sheet pedigree, s.d. It should be noticed expressly that the children (and their descendants) attributed in these pedigrees to the Rev. William Farington, rector of Warrington, have now assigned to his younger brother Henry, said to have been a sailor. William is left childless. A settlement of the manors of Penwortham, Leyland and Ulnes Walton was made in 1684 by Henry Farington, Susan his wife and William Farington; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 213, m. 30. Henry Farington was buried at Leyland 14 March 1691–2.
  • 34. P.R.O. List, 74. In 1696 William Farington's name occurs in a list of the justices 'thought fit to be turned out'; Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 411.
  • 35. William was the son of George Farington of Shaw Hall, who was buried at Leyland 24 July 1704, his widow Elizabeth following on 18 August. In 1715 there was a recovery of the manor of Leyland, &c., William Farington being vouchee; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 503, m. 4 d.
  • 36. George Farington by his marriage acquired the Bradshaw estate in Pennington. Bradshaw Farington, younger son of George, was killed at the battle of Fontenoy, 11 May 1745.
  • 37. P.R.O. List, p. 74. There was a recovery of the manor of Leyland, &c., in 1742, William Farington being in possession; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 557, m. 8.
  • 38. P.R.O. List, 74.
  • 39. The nearest heir male was descended from Henry the younger brother of George (d. 1742) and of the Rev. William Farington (vicar of Leigh 1734–67 and rector of Warrington 1767), viz. -s. William (d. 1803) -s. William, of Woodvale, I.W., Admiral (d. 1868) -s. William (b. 1815) -bro. Edmund (d. 1863) -s. William James (b. 1852). The male issue of William (d. 1803) having died out, that of his younger brother Henry (d. 1827) became representative of the family, thus: -s. Henry (d. 1859) -s. Richard Atherton (d. 1910) -s. Henry Nowell (b. 1859).
  • 40. a Information of Mr. H. N. Farington, who states that the recent descent is given correctly in Burke, Landed Gentry (1906).
  • 41. Baines, Lancs. (ed. 1), iii, 451, where a view of the house, dated 1832, is given.
  • 42. Pictorial Hist. of Lancs. 156. If this date is correct, the brick and stone walling of the present house is of course a later rebuilding, probably in the first half of the 17th century.
  • 43. It is named in the rental of 1540 above. In 1310–11 William son of Thomas the King, of Rotheland, gave pasture land to Henry son of Robert de Preston, who in 1317–18 gave his messuage, &c., in Leyland to Thomas de Brex; Kuerden fol. MS. 210, 313. Soon afterwards a settlement was made by Thomas de Brex and Alice his wife; ibid. 134. The lands of Thomas de Brex were in 1379–80 settled on Nicholas de Brex, son of William the Mercer of Leyland, and his issue, with remainders to Nicholas younger son of William de Farington, Henry Howick, Henry son of William de Farington, and Nicholas son of Richard de Farington; ibid. 132. Thomas Farington of the Brex in 1492–3 demised the Brex for twenty years to his mother, Katherine Wright, with remainder to Thomas Bradshaw of London; ibid. 134.
  • 44. Penwortham Priory (Chet. Soc), I, 6. Robert son of John de Clayton gave to William son of Richard de Blackburn a place of wood called 'Subsnape,' in Leyland, which he had had from Sir Adam de Walton, together with the service of Thomas Bussel and a rent of 3s. from Paddescrook; Kuerden fol. MS. C 74. William de Blackburn afterwards gave the same to Thurstan de Northlegh; ibid. B 56. Snubsnape is a farm in the southwest part of the township. Henry son of Robert son of Thomas de Walton exchanged 12 acres called Snubsnape for land in Penwortham, with John le White, vicar of Leyland; ibid. 410 V. Alice widow of William de Black burn in 1338 claimed dower in Leyland against the Abbot of Evesham and against Robert the Spicer and Margery his wife; De Banco R. 314, m. 196; 316, m. 312 d.; 326, m. 306 d. Margery widow of Thurstan de Northlegh released to the vicar of Leyland all her right in Subsnape; Kuerden fol. MS. 272. 'Snubsnape' in Leyland was claimed by the Abbot of Evesham in 1372; Coram Rege R. 442, m. 24 d. 'Snopsnape' was the subject of a dispute between Richard and William Farington in 1549; Ducatus Lanc. i, 236. In 1596 William Farington of Worden acquired five messuages, &c., in Leyland from William Farington of Snobbesnape; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 59, m. 112. The latter William may be the William Farington of the Wood who made a settlement of lands in 1584; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 254, m. 6.
  • 45. Pat. 34 Hen. VIII, pt. viii. Leyland is named among the possessions of Richard Fleetwood of Penwortham in 1626; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xxv, no. 22.
  • 46. Assize R. 419, m. 6, 13. Emma the widow of Adam (who was son of John) was also a party to the suits. A John de Leyland was defendant in 1258, Edmund de Lacy and Alice his wife (in her right) claiming the third part of ten marks rent from him; Curia Regis R. 160, m. 27 d. This may have something to do with the Ten-marks land afterwards held by Farington of Worden. Adam son of Avina de Leyland was defendant in a plea regarding dower in 1331; De Banco R. 287, m. 185. Richard son of Adam de Leyland was a plaintiff in 1336; ibid. 306, m. 105.
  • 47. De Banco R. 345, m. 364 d. About the same time Margery widow of Thurstan de Northlegh claimed dower in the estate of John de Leyland of Preston; ibid. 347, m. 98.
  • 48. John son of Thomas de Leyland was plaintiff in 1345; ibid. 344, m. 470 d. In 1350 Robert de Haldleghs and Alice daughter of John Busshel claimed five messuages, 80 acres of land, &c., against Margaret widow of John de Leyland and Cecily his daughter; ibid. 363, m. 176. In a later pleading (1354) it was stated that the land, &c., had been settled on Thomas de Leyland and Agnes his wife, who had had issue—John, Alice, and Mabel; of the plaintiffs Robert was son of Alice, and Alice was daughter of Mabel. Cecily daughter of John was called to warrant, but was under age; Duchy of Lanc. Assize R. 3, m. v. Cecily afterwards married Henry son of John de Coppull; De Banco R. 408, m. 35 d. It may be noted that in 1318 John son of Thomas de Leyland (whose wife was Agnes) claimed tenements in Leyland and Cuerden against John son of John Busshel, William son of John Faldworthing, and others; and that Avice widow of Thomas de Leyland claimed dower against John son of Thomas; De Banco R. 225, m. 177, 318 d. John son of Thomas de Leyland sought a messuage and land against Robert le Woodward, vicar, as representing the Abbot of Evesham, in 1344; ibid. 338, m. 270; 341, m. 284.
  • 49. Some members of it have been named in preceding notes. In 1246 William son of Siward claimed land in Leyland against Richard Bussel, but withdrew; Assize R. 404, m. 10 d. Thomas son of Richard Bussel was plaintiff in 1288 and 1292; De Banco R. 76, m. 31; 82, m. 51 d.; Assize R. 408, m. 3 d. William Bussel in 1256 sought inquiry into the burning of a certain house in Leyland; Orig. R. 19, m. 7 (40 Hen. III); Abbrev. Rot. Orig. i, 15. Margery sister of Henry Bussel was plaintiff in 1278; Assize R. 1277, m. 31 d. William son of Robert Bussel in 1292 held land in Leyland claimed by Robert son of Richard the Smith as nephew and next heir of Robert de Leyland, and his claim was allowed; Assize R. 408, m. 33. Robert Bussel in the time of Edward II gave land in Leyland to Robert del Wood, who had married his daughter Margery; the grandson Robert (son of Henry) del Wood in 1343 sought to recover it from William son of Adam de Culmylache; De Banco R. 336, m. 511 d.
  • 50. The Blacklaches or Blacklidges were tenants of the Hospitallers, but there may have been more than one family of them. Richard son of Adam Bussel of Leyland in 1337 released to John de Blacklache messuages and lands, partly from Roger the Ward or Preston; Kuerden fol. MS. 59. Adam Baldwin and Agnes his wife claimed lands in Leyland in 1375; Agnes was daughter of Richard son of John de Leyland; De Banco R. 458, m. 202 d.; 461, m. 273 d. In 1391 John son of Adam Blacklache purchased two messuages, &c., from Adam Baldwin and Agnes; Final Conc. iii, 39. Nicholas Blacklache died in 1598 holding a capital messuage in Leyland, with buildings and lands appurtenant, of Sir Edmund Huddleston by a rent of 3s. 7d. He had made his brother, William Blacklache of Gloucestershire, his heir, with remainders to William's sons—Nicholas, William, Aubrey and Abraham. William, the brother, was then fifty-four years of age; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xvii, no. 33.
  • 51. See the account of Cuerden; also Lancs. and Ches. Antiq. Notes ii, 1–11. William Farington and William Charnock were those who contributed to the subsidy of 1564 for lands; Subs. R. 131, no. 210. John Charnock of Fulwood died in 1574 holding land called Comylache in Leyland of the queen, and other land in the township of Edmund Huddleston; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xii, no. 35.
  • 52. He does not seem to have had any lands in Leyland; ibid. xvii, no. 5. Robert Charnock, perhaps a brother of William, was educated at Oxford and Douay, and after being ordained priest was sent on the English mission about 1587. In the disputes among Roman Catholics about the archpriest Blackwell and the Jesuits, Mr. Charnock took an active part on the side of the appellant clergy or opposition, going to Rome on this business. He afterwards returned to England, and is supposed to have died about 1623; Gillow, Bibl. Dict. of Engl. Cath. i, 474.
  • 53. Subs. R. 131, no. 313.
  • 54. Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xxviii, no. 18. Roger rebuilt the house in 1620, providing a secret chapel for mass and hiding places for priests and church stuff; Gillow, loc. cit.
  • 55. Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 170.
  • 56. Not named in the pedigree. See Visit. of 1567 (Chet. Soc.), 76; 1613, p. 104.
  • 57. Royalist Comp. Papers, ii, 29–33. He had been 'in arms in the first war,' and in 1649 was allowed to compound for a fine of £58. But shortly afterwards it was reported that Charnock was 'a known Papist and active delinquent and at this time [April 1650] with the rebels in Ireland,' and further proceedings began. His mother, Anne Charnock, deposed that 'she had educated him until he was about fifteen years old in the Popish religion, and then bound him to be an apprentice in London, since which time (she had heard) he had been seen to go to a Protestant church.' His sister Susan had heard conflicting reports about him—that he had fought for the king in Ireland, and, being captured lately at Dublin, had been shot to death; on the other hand that he was alive in France. A neighbour said that Charnock had told him that he was in the Dublin garrison on the surrender by the Earl of Ormonde; he also said that Charnock, 'reared a Papist,' was 'a person of loose behaviour,' who had been in the service of the Parliament, and had been seen in Leyland Church. Another witness stated that in 1643 Charnock, saying he had a captain's commission from the king, tried to raise a troop of horse, and afterwards went to Ireland; he had been Papist and Protes tant, but 'since the beginning of these times he was a recusant and never went to church.' Other witnesses said they had seen him at mass in Leyland 'about five or six years ago.' Major James Jolly, in the service of the Parliament, who had purchased lands from Charnock and wanted their discharge from sequestration, bore witness that 'Charnock did usually frequent the worship of God in a Protestant church, and exclaimed bitterly against the Papists and their religion, and had done good service against the Irish rebels, as appeared from a testimonial under the hand and seal of the Marquis of Ormond, dated 12 July 1647.' The deeds concerning the sale by Thomas Charnock to James Jolly are in Harl. MS. 2042, fol. 106, &c. Robert the brother of Thomas is named as 'deceased.' A Captain Thomas Charnock, a Royalist, is said to have been killed in the war; Castlemain, Cath. Apology (quoted by Challoner).
  • 58. 'He was sent to the English College, Lisbon, and after his ordination came on the mission to his native county in 1640. For thirty years, during a time of extreme peril from the civil convulsion which issued in the great Civil War, he served the Church in Lancashire, under his maternal surname of Manley. He held the responsible office of Vicar-General in the Lancashire District, and resided at Blacklache or Old Hall, Leyland. . . . He died 2 Feb. 1670–1'; Gillow, op. cit. i, 477.
  • 59. Accounts from papers in the possession of the vicars of Leyland may be seen in Leyland Reg. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), 211–12, and in Piccope MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xiv, p. 45; see also Exch. Dep. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), 69, 70; Pat. 2 Will. and Mary, pt. vi, no. 18. Robert Charnock conveyed his estate, on a secret trust, to Grace Bold, a convert (1644) and servant to Lady Frances Tyldesley of Morleys, who lived at Leyland Hall as a boarder. It had been intended to build a chapel, but 'in case the Catholic religion should come again to be established in England the said Hall, &c., should go to Jesus chapel in Leyland Church to be disposed of as the bishop should think fit.' The relatives of Grace Bold (d. 1685) disregarded the secret trust, and treated the estate as their own property, whereupon the defrauded Catholics discovered the matter to the government.
  • 60. 'During the improvements great interest has been displayed in the examination of a recess used as a sanctuary by the priest (and possessor), Father Robert Charnock, and in exploring four hiding places. Two of these are in the roof and a third adjoins the chimney. The fourth is a passage between the first and ground floors on the west side'; Preston Guardian, April 5, 1884, quoted in Lancs. and Ches. Antiq. Notes, ii, 11.
  • 61. Some part of the Walton estate in Leyland appears to have gone to the Northlegh family; Final Conc. ii, 33, 43; see also Assize R. 427, m. 3 d. It descended to Radcliffe of Smithills; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 35 (1433). The tenure was described as by knights' service.
  • 62. Abstract of title in possession of W. Farrer.
  • 63. The lists of Duchy tenants in 1398 and Hospitallers' tenants in 1540 will provide earlier or additional references. Richard Shireburne in 1441 held a messuage, &c., of the king as Duke of Lancaster; Lancs. Rec. Inq. p.m. no. 30, 31. In 1492 and later the Shireburne tenement was held by a rent of 6d.; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. iii, no. 93; iv, no. 46. Part was sold to Clayton of Crook, but the later inquisitions show that the Shireburnes retained some.
  • 64. Ralph Banastre died in 1518 holding a messuage, &c., in Leyland of the king as of his duchy in socage by the rent of 6s. Francis Banastre, his son and heir, was about eleven years of age; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. v, no. 29. Francis has been named before among the heirs of James Anderton of Worden. He and his wife Elizabeth in 1537 sold their lands to John Clayton; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 11, m. 64.
  • 65. Thomas Clayton purchased land from Sir Richard Shireburne in 1569; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 31, m. 130. Peter Clayton, clerk, in 1585 purchased two messuages and lands from William Goslin, Anne his wife, Jane Forshaw, Margaret Forshaw, William Blacklache and Margaret his wife, and John Sumner alias Forshaw; ibid. bdle. 47, m. 144. William Clayton of Crook in 1632 held a messuage in Leyland of William Farington as of his manor of Leyland in socage; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xxviii, no. 79. See also Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 170. William Clayton had compounded on refusing knighthood in 1631; ibid. 214.
  • 66. William son of Adam del Knoll called Adam del Knoll to warrant him in 1337; De Banco R. 311, m. 42 d. Edmund Knoll died in 1441 holding a messuage and land of the king as duke as of his moiety of the manor of Leyland, by a rent of 12d. His heir was his niece Elizabeth, wife of John Coler of Cuerden, and daughter of Oliver, brother of Edmund Knoll; Towneley MS. DD, no. 1493.
  • 67. Joan widow of Adam son of John de Ayscough (Aykescough) unsuccessfully sued Adam son of John de Ulbas for dower in 1292; Assize R. 408, m. 57 d. John son of William de Ayscough in 1305 claimed a messuage and land in Leyland by Euxton against his brother Richard, Robert de Leyland and Margery his wife, &c. The defence was that Margery had a third part as dower by assignment of Master Adam de Walton, chief lord of the fee; Assize R. 420, m. 9 d. In 1308–9 Richard son of William Ward claimed land against John son of William de Ayscough, alleging that a certain William son of Ughtred had granted it to William son of Richard de Ayscough and Alice his wife, and that it had descended to William Ward, son of the said William and Alice, and then to the plaintiff as son and heir; De Banco R. 173, m. 425 d.; 179, m. 210 d. See also ibid. 185, m. 147 d. John Ayscough died in 1636 holding a messuage, &c., of William Farington; his heir was a son Thomas, seven years of age; Towneley MS. C 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), 8. A settlement is recited in the inquisition.
  • 68. Thomas Hesketh of Rufford died in 1523 holding a little land in Leyland, which had descended to Sir Robert Hesketh in 1541; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. v, no. 16; vii, no. 14. The tenure was unknown. William Hesketh died in 1639 holding a messuage of William Farington as of his manor of Leyland. Thomas, the son and heir, was twenty-eight years of age; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xxx, no. 10.
  • 69. Sir Thomas Molyneux of Sefton died in 1483 holding the Duchy moiety of the manor; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 118. This was a temporary grant, and the Molyneux holding of later times was in lands which had belonged to the Hospitallers; ibid. iii, 383; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xxvii, no. 59. Their Leyland estate was sold in 1729.
  • 70. James Mason alias Stopford in 1574 purchased two messuages, &c., in Leyland and Clayton from John Waring; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 36, m. 76; Ducatus Lanc. iii, 112. James Stopford of Ulnes Walton died in 1610 holding a tenement in Leyland of Dame Dorothy Huddleston by 3d. rent; while William Stopford died in 1617 holding the same of William Farington; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs and Ches.), i, 169; ii, 73.
  • 71. In 1373 Robert de Tonley and Joan (Juliana) his wife (in the latter's right) claimed dower in Leyland and Ulnes Walton against John le Sumner and Agnes his wife; De Banco R. 451, m. 242 d.; 453, m. 151 d. William Sumner and Clemency widow of Edmund Sumner in 1480 had a dispute as to dower; Pal. of Lanc. Writs Proton. file 22 Edw. IV, a. William Sumner had land in Leyland in 1577; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 39, m. 44. Christopher Sumner died in 1620 holding lands in Leyland (including Prior's acre, &c.) of William Farington by a rent of 2s. 2d. His heirs were three daughters, Anne Heald, Jane and Ellen; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), ii, 220. William Sumner's lands were held (1615) of Henry Huddleston by a rent of 4s. 3d.; his heir was his son William; ibid. ii, 219. James Sumner, who died in 1636, held of William Farington; his heir was a son John, forty-eight years old; Towneley MS. C 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), 1069. There were Sumners at Nook, in the south-west of Leyland.
  • 72. Roger Banastre of Leyland in 1374 claimed land against Thomas, Roger and John, sons of Robert de Werden; De Banco R. 456, m. 262 d. Thomas Osbaldeston and Elizabeth his wife in 1580 purchased a messuage, &c., from William Langley and Alice his wife, and two years later sold the same to Thomas Werden; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdles. 42, m. 57; 44, m. 76. The Werdens formerly owned Golden Hill. Some of them were recusants in 1628; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 180. The head of the family seems, however, to have migrated into Cheshire before this time; Ches. Funeral Cert. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), 183. John Werden (d. 1646) and his son General Robert Werden were active Royalists in the Civil War and had their estates sequestered; Cal. Com. for Comp. ii, 1154–6, v, 3268. Robert had a son John, secretary to the Duke of York in 1672, when he was made a baronet, the dignity expiring with the death of his son John in 1758. See G.E.C. Complete Baronetage, iv, 55. They are described as 'of Cholmeaton (Cholmondeston), Cheshire, and Leyland.' See Ormerod, Ches. (ed. Helsby), ii, 328; iii, 367.
  • 73. a William Holland of Clifton died in 1521 holding messuages and lands in Leyland of Henry Farington by a rent of 6d.; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m, v, no. 49. They descended to Eleanor Slade, daughter of Thomas Holland, who died in 1613 holding them by the same rent; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 284. Peter Blackhurst died in 1631 holding a messuage, &c., of William Farington; Thomas, the son and heir, was forty-five years of age; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xxx, no. 9. Thomas Rawlinson, who died in 1633, held of William Farington by a rent of 2s. 6d.; his heir was his brother John, fifty years of age; ibid. xxviii, no. 58. Robert Serjant died in 1633, also holding of William Farington, by a rent of 2s. 3d.; the heir was his son Humphrey, aged twenty-two; ibid. xxviii, no. 17. Thomas Euxton died in 1638 holding a messuage, &c., of William Farington by suit of court and a rent of 20d.; he left a son and heir William, a year old; ibid. xxx, no. 8. The following notes are from Towneley MS. C 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), the lands being held of William Farington: John Hilton, died 1625; son and heir Evan, aged thirty-eight; p. 499. Thomas Cowper, died 1636; son and heir William, aged twenty-two; p. 241. Lawrence Farington, died 1638; son and heir Thomas, aged thirty-three; p. 424.
  • 74. John Hilton, Thomas Starkie and Margaret Werden, all recusants; Royalist Camp. Papers, iii, 229; Cal. Com. for Comp. v, 3187; iv, 3169.
  • 75. Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 196.
  • 76. Estcourt and Payne, Engl. Cath. Nonjurors, 118, 130, 152. The names were Richard Lancaster, Janet Guest, widow, and Richard Whitehead.
  • 77. Land tax returns at Preston.
  • 78. Endowed Char. Rep. (Leyland).
  • 79. Hewitson, Our Country Churches, 170, 173.
  • 80. Ibid. 174.
  • 81. Nightingale, Lancs. Nonconf. ii, 28.
  • 82. For list of recusants in 1628, see Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 180.
  • 83. Hewitson, op. cit. 166–9.
  • 84. Lancs. and Ches. Antiq. Notes, i, 77.