Townships: Cheetham

A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 4. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1911.

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'Townships: Cheetham', in A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 4, ed. William Farrer, J Brownbill( London, 1911), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lancs/vol4/pp259-262 [accessed 25 November 2024].

'Townships: Cheetham', in A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 4. Edited by William Farrer, J Brownbill( London, 1911), British History Online, accessed November 25, 2024, https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lancs/vol4/pp259-262.

"Townships: Cheetham". A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 4. Ed. William Farrer, J Brownbill(London, 1911), , British History Online. Web. 25 November 2024. https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lancs/vol4/pp259-262.

In this section

CHEETHAM

Chetham, 1212 and usually; Chetam, 1276; Cheteham, 1590; Cheetham, xvi cent.

This township, on the western bank of the Irk, has an extreme length of nearly 2 miles, and an area of 919 acres. The high land in the northern part slopes down to the Irk, and more gradually to the south, where the Irwell is the boundary for a short distance. The district called Cheetham Hill is partly in this township and partly in Crumpsall and Broughton; Smedley is to the east of it, near the Irk; Stocks, a name which can be traced back to 1599, is on the border of Manchester, north of Red Bank; and Peel, an old house, formerly moated, is close by. (fn. 1) Cheetwood occupies the southern half of the township, (fn. 2) in which also lies Strangeways. Alms Hill, or Ormsell, lies to the west of Smedley. The population of Cheetham and Crumpsall was 49,942 in 1901.

The district is now entirely urban, being a suburb of Manchester. The principal roads are those from Manchester to Bury, the older one going northward through the middle of the township, and the newer and more direct one near its south-west border. The latter follows the line of the Roman road from Manchester to Ribchester. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's Manchester and Bury line runs near the eastern border, by the Irk, and a branch to Oldham separates from it; Victoria Station, Manchester, the head of the company's system, lies in this township at the junction of the Irk with the Irwell. (fn. 3)

Some neolithic implements have been found. (fn. 4)

The hearth tax returns of 1666 show that there were seventy hearths liable in the township. The largest houses were those of John Hartley, John Symon, and Edward Chetham, with thirteen, seven, and six hearths respectively. (fn. 5) A Cheetham halfpenny token was issued in 1668. (fn. 6)

On the incorporation of Manchester in 1838 Cheetham became part of the new borough. It ceased to be a township in 1896, being absorbed in the new township of North Manchester.

A workhouse adjoins the railway station. The principal buildings in the township are the assize courts, with large gaol adjoining, on the site of Strangeways Hall. The other public buildings include a town hall, erected in 1855, fire police station, free library 1878, assembly rooms, and baths, also the Northern Hospital. There is a small modern park. A wholesale fish-market was opened at Strangeways in 1867, but is now given up. The industries include breweries, bleach and dye works, and many smaller industries carried on by Jews. The unoccupied land is utilized for brick-making. On Cheetham Hill there are children's homes.

Maria Therlson Longworth, authoress, was born at Cheetwood in 1832; she died in Natal, 1881. (fn. 7) Jessie Fothergill, novelist, was born at Cheetham Hill in 1851, and died at Berne in 1891. (fn. 8)

MANOR

In 1212 Roger de Middleton held a ploughland in CHEETHAM of the king in chief in thegnage by the annual service of a mark, and Henry de Chetham held it under Roger. (fn. 9) The mesne lordship of the Middleton family quickly disappeared, (fn. 10) and in later times Cheetham was said to be held directly of the king as Duke of Lancaster by the Chethams (fn. 11) and their successors. Sir Geoffrey de Chetham appears all through the middle of the 13th century, and was evidently a man of consequence. (fn. 12) After his time the manor is found to be held by the Pilkingtons, (fn. 13) the tenure being altered to knight's service, (fn. 14) and on their forfeiture in 1485 it was granted to the Earl of Derby, (fn. 15) and descended like Knowsley down to the middle of the 17th century. (fn. 16) There does not appear to be any later record of a manor of Cheetham, the estate probably having been dismembered by various sales. (fn. 17) Lord Derby, however, is still the chief landowner.

The principal estate in the township, apart from the manor, was that called STRANGEWAYS, (fn. 18) long held by the family of that name, (fn. 19) but sold about the middle of the 17th century to the Hartleys, who retained possession for several generations. (fn. 20) In 1711 it was bequeathed by Catherine Richards, widow, to Thomas Reynolds, ancestor of the Earl of Ducie, the owner in 1850. (fn. 21) The present earl owns land in the township.

Strangeways. Sable two lions passant in pale paly of six argent and gules.

Reynolds. Or two lions passant gules.

Moreton, Earl of Ducie. Argent a cheveron gules between three square buckles sable.

A minor estate was SMEDLEY, acquired on lease by Edward Chetham in 1640 from Lord Strange. (fn. 22) He had a legacy of £2,000 from his uncle Humphrey Chetham, (fn. 23) and in 1659 was mortgagee of Nuthurst, (fn. 24) which his younger son Edward afterwards purchased. James Chetham, the eldest son, succeeded to Smedley in 1684, (fn. 25) and dying unmarried in 1692 bequeathed it to a brother George, (fn. 26) whose son James, high sheriff in 1730, (fn. 27) also dying unmarried, was succeeded by his sister Ann. (fn. 28) She bequeathed it to her 'cousin Edward Chetham' of Nuthurst, son of the last-mentioned Edward. (fn. 29) On the division which took place in 1770, after his death, Smedley passed to his sister Mary, wife of Samuel Clowes. (fn. 30)

The Langleys of Agecroft held a portion of Cheetham as part of their Tetlow inheritance; (fn. 31) and a few other families occur as having had estates in the township. (fn. 32) The Brideoaks of Cheetham Hill (fn. 33) produced a Bishop of Chichester. (fn. 34)

The principal contributors to the land tax in 1795 were Lord Ducie, James Hilton, and James Heywood, together paying more than a third. (fn. 35)

In connexion with the Established Church St. Mark's was erected in 1794, the first church in the part of Manchester parish lying between the Irwell and Irk; a district was assigned to it in 1839. (fn. 36) It was followed by St. Luke's, 1839; (fn. 37) St. John the Evangelist's, 1871; (fn. 38) and St. Albans, Cheetwood, 1874. (fn. 39) St. Thomas's, 1863, described as in Lower Crumpsall, is within the township of Cheetham.

The Wesleyan Methodists have three churches; (fn. 40) the Primitive Methodists and the United Free Church one each. The Congregationalists have two churches, one in Bury New Road, usually called 'Broughton Chapel,' and one at Cheetham Hill. (fn. 41) The Salvation Army has a meeting place in Hightown.

The Presbyterian Church of England is represented by Trinity Church, Cheetham Hill, built in 1899; the cause originated in 1845. (fn. 42) The Welsh Calvinistic Methodists also have a chapel. The Unitarians formerly had a chapel at Strangeways. (fn. 43)

At Cheetham Hill is the convent of Notre Dame.

The southern end of the township having a large Jewish population, British and foreign, there are nine synagogues, some of the buildings having formerly been used as Nonconformist chapels. (fn. 44) A hospital and dispensary have been founded, and there is a Home for Aged Jews. A Talmud Torah school has been opened.

Footnotes

  • 1. For the Peel see Procter, Manch. Streets, 281–2. By his will in 1806 John Ridings charged his tenement called Stocks and Peel, held of Lord Derby by lease, with £250. These notes are due to Mr. Crofton.
  • 2. For Miss Beswick of Cheetwood see N. and Q. (Ser. 2), xi, 157.
  • 3. The station was opened in 1844, and the lines from Liverpool and from Leeds connected there. It was enlarged in 1884. The site was previously a cemetery (Walker's Croft), opened in 1815.
  • 4. Lancs. and Ches. Antiq. Soc. x, 251.
  • 5. Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9.
  • 6. Lancs. and Ches. Antiq. Soc. v, 76.
  • 7. Dict. Nat. Biog.
  • 8. Ibid.
  • 9. Lancs. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 66.
  • 10. Roger de Middleton occurs again in 1226; ibid. 137. See a later note, and Dods. MSS. cxxxi, fol. 38. Henry de Chetham in 1212 also held 4 oxgangs of land in chief; Lancs. Inq. and Extents, i, 70. From the accounts of Moston and other townships it will be seen that he inherited or acquired, probably by marriage, a portion of the estates of Orm de Ashton. He attested Audenshaw and Swinton charters; Farrer, Lancs. Pipe R. 329; Whalley Couch. (Chet. Soc.), 905. In 1227 he went on pilgrimage to Jerusalem; Cal. Pat. 1225–32, p. 126.
  • 11. The evidence has been collected by Mr. E. Axon in his Chet. Gen. (Chet. Soc.), 1–4.
  • 12. He was sheriff in 1260; P.R.O. List, 72. In 1235, perhaps on succeeding, he procured an acknowledgement of his right to Cheetham from Robert de Middleton, he paying a mark yearly at four terms; Final Conc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 59. A year later he complained that Robert, as mesne, had not acquitted him of the services due to the chief lords. Robert thereupon resigned his mesne lordship to Geoffrey, and as compensation for loss granted him an estate in Ashworth; ibid, i, 74. In 1241 Geoffrey and Margaret [Grelley] his wife were concerned in a moiety of Allerton; ibid. i, 91; and see also Abbrev. Plac. (Rec. Com.), 130 (1253), and Cur. Reg. R. 160, m. 33 (1258) for other Allerton suits. In 1254, on a certain Saturday, people coming to the market at Manchester were overheard by Thomas Grelley's bailiff saying that they had heard dogs in the park (probably Blackley); the bailiff accordingly went there and found Geoffrey de Chetham's dog herding a number of animals, and thereupon the bailiff 'did as he could'; Lancs. Inq. and Extents, i, 193. He purchased from Adam de Windle land in Gartside which he afterwards resold to him; Whalley Couch. i, 164. To Cockersand Abbey he granted a rent of 2s. from his vill of Cheetham: Cockersand Chart. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 725. He died between Pentecost 1271 (Whalley Couch. iii, 886, 888) and 1274, when William de Hacking and others made claim against his widow Margery concerning lands in Crompton, Manchester, and Sholver; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xliii, App. i, 425. His widow, as Margery Grelley, was in 1276 acquitted of the charge of disseising Thomas son of John de Manchester of 3½ acres in Cheetham, which Geoffrey had demised to Master John, father of the plaintiff; Assize R. 405, m. 3 d. John Grelley and Henry de Chetham were defendants to a charge of assault at Chorlton in 1275; Coram Rege R. 18, m.8.
  • 13. The precise mode of descent is unknown. It is supposed (Chet. Gen. 2, 3) that two sisters of Geoffrey de Chetham married the heads of the Pilkington and Trafford families. In 1278 William del Hacking and Christiana his wife (said to be widow of Richard de Trafford) acknowledged various tenements in Lancashire, including moieties of the manors of Cheetham and Crompton, to be the right of Geoffrey de Chadderton; and it seems clear, from the accompanying fine relating to the 'inheritance' of Henry de Trafford, that the former were the inheritance of Christiana; Final. Conc. i, 153–5. Roger de Pilkington in 1291 had a grant of free warren in Cheetham among other demesne lands; Plac. de Quo War. (Rec. Com.), 369. His mother Alice (living in 1302) confirmed a grant of lands in Crompton made by him, as if they were part of her inheritance; Clowes deeds. It is supposed that she was the other sister and co-heir. Geoffrey de Chetham's moiety of Allerton did not descend in the same way, so that it is probable he had no issue by his wife Margery. By 1312, probably by arrangement between the heirs, the whole of the manor of Cheetham was held by the Pilkingtons; Final Conc. ii, 9, 33, 35. In 1313 Geoffrey de Chadderton the elder appeared in an assize of mort d'ancestor against Robert de Ashton, Margery his wife; Alexander, Roger, and William, sons of Roger de Pilkington, and Alice, widow of Alexander de Pilkington; Assize R. 424, m. 4, 10. This may refer to the Crompton estate. Roger son of Roger de Pilkington in 1357 proceeded against various persons for cutting his trees at Cheetham; Duchy of Lanc. Assize R. 6, m. 7.
  • 14. In 1346 Roger de Pilkington held the tenth part of a knight's fee in Cheetham, paying 13s. 4d.; Add. MS. 32103, fol. 146b. From the Book of Reasonable Aid of 1378, it appears that Sir Roger de Pilkington paid 2s. for the tenth part of a knight's fee in Cheetham; Harl. MS. 2085, fol. 422. So also in the inquisition after the death of Sir Roger de Pilkington in 1407; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 86, from which it appears that the rent of 13s. 4d. was also paid. In the extent of 1445–6 it is stated that Sir John Pilkington held one plough-land in Cheetham for the tenth part of a knight's fee, the relief due being 10s.; Duchy of Lanc. Knights' Fees, 2/20. Again, in 1483 Sir Thomas Pilkington was found to hold the tenth part of a fee in Cheetham; Duchy of Lanc. Misc. 130.
  • 15. Pat. 4 Hen. VII; styled the manor of Cheetham or lordship of Cheetwood.
  • 16. Cheetham and Cheetwood are named in 1521 among the manors of Thomas, Earl of Derby, but no particulars are given; Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. v, 68. The manor of Cheetham and Cheetwood, together with lands there and in Harwood and Breightmet, was sold or mortgaged by William, Earl of Derby. about 1596 to Sir Nicholas and Rowland Mosley for £1,600. The purchasers demanded further assurances, and appear to have refused to complete the purchase, according to a complaint by the earl in 1601; Duchy of Lanc. Plead. Eliz. ccii, D 10; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 58, m. 291. In 1608 Thomas Goodyer was stated to hold lands in Cheetham of Sir Nicholas Mosley as of his manor of Cheetham; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 112. The later history shows that Cheetham and Cheetwood were recovered by the earl, while Breightmet and Harwood were alienated, for in 1653 it was deposed that a chief rent of 13s. 4d. had been paid to the king for the Earl of Derby's lands in Cheetham and Cheetwood; Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), ii, 206. At this time lands in Cheetham, Manchester, and Salford, paying £38 'old rent' were part of the life estate of Charlotte, the countess dowager; ibid. ii, 185. In 1653 she leased to Thomas Bird the water corn-mill called Travis Mill in Cheetham.
  • 17. Some of the seventh earl's confiscated lands were sold to Humphrey Kelsall; Royalist Comp. Papers, ii, 241; see also Com. Pleas Recov. R. Mich. 1653, m. 1.
  • 18. It is mentioned in 1322 in the description of the bounds of Manchester; Mamecestre, ii, 372. The spelling varies considerably, e.g. Strongways, 1306; Strangewayes, 1349; Strangwishe, 1473.
  • 19. In 1304 Robert son of John Grelley appeared against John de Strangeways, Thomas and Geoffrey his brothers, for the death of his brother John son of John Grelley; Coram Rege R. 176, m. 6 d. Ellen de Strangeways and others were afterwards charged with receiving the said John de Strangeways; Assize R. 421, m. 4. In 1345 Sibyl, widow of Geoffrey de Strangeways, and Thomas son of Geoffrey, were defendants in a plea regarding a messuage and lands in Manchester; De Banco R. 343, m. 176 d. In 1349 John de Strangeways and Margery his wife had a lease of a burgage in the Netheracres, Manchester, from John de Prestwich; Lord Wilton's D. Thomas de Strangeways, a witness to this lease, was probably the head of the family at that time, occurring at various dates, down to his death in 1386; e.g. Agecroft D., no. 24 (1349), no. 29 (1362); Mamecestre, iii, 454 (1359). At his death he held Tetlow of the Langleys of Agecroft, and his son Geoffrey, being only five years of age, was committed to the guardianship of Roger de Langley; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 24, 50. John de Strangeways and Alice his wife were living in 1377; Final Conc. iii, 56. John occurs as a witness in 1381, and Henry in 1383; Hulme D. The latter also in 1410; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc. i, 94–5. In the same year James Strangeways, the king's serjeant-at-law, is named; ibid. i, 97; see also Final Conc. iii, 103. Other members of the family or families occur in similar ways, but no connected pedigree can be formed, nor is it known how they acquired the estate called Strangeways. Henry de Strangeways was in 1385 in possession of a manor in Tyldesley which he granted to Thomas de Strangeways and Ellen his wife and heirs male; they had a daughter Cecily; ibid. iii, 25. Henry son of John de Strangeways of Manchester had a burgage in Salford in 1397; Dods. MS. cxlii, fol. 165, no. 21. Nicholas son of Henry Strangeways occurs in 1447; ibid. no. 22. William Strangeways of Cheetham was in 1443 called upon to surrender a chest of charters to Ralph de Prestwich; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 5, m. 7b. There are some interesting notes concerning them in Harland, Manch. Coll. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 140– 3; from these it appears that William Strangeways had a grant of the Knolls (see below) in 1408, and that John Strangeways had land by the Irk in 1459. Thomas son and heir of John Strangeways, deceased, in 1478, enfeoffed James and Richard Strangeways and a number of others of his lands in Lancashire; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 540. Then in 1518 Philip son and heir of Thomas Strangeways, lately deceased, granted a tenement in the Millgate in Manchester on lease; Philip was to retain a free passage through the tenement and garden to the Irk in order to get water, and also to wash clothes; High Legh D. (West Hall). In 1540 Philip Strangeways, described as 'a wilful person,' and Thomas his son and heir apparent, leased lands called the Broad, Great Knolls, Hammecroft Bank, &c., and the corn-mill at Strangeways to one John Webster of Manchester, who soon afterwards complained that they had seized his corn; Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), ii, 156. Philip Strangeways and Stephen Beck in 1544 disposed of three messuages, &c., in Cheetham to Robert Fletcher; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 12, m. 238. Philip died in 1556, being succeeded by his son William (Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. i, 29), who had already disposed of many portions of the family property; e.g. Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 14, m. 214, m. 51, m. 40, m. 112, &c. In one of the fines Philip Strangeways and Dulcibella his wife are mentioned; ibid. bdle. 14, m. 208. A settlement had been made in 1544 by which the remainder (after Philip and his son William and male issue) was to George Strangeways, brother of Philip; the estate comprised twenty-four messuages, twenty burgages, twenty cottages, &c., a water-mill, with land, meadow, pasture, wood, moor and heath, and turbary, £5 13s. 4d. rent, and the moiety of a water-mill, in Cheetham, Strangeways, Rochdale, Spotland, Oldham, Cheesden, Manchester, Salford, Oldfield, Withington, and Ardwick; ibid. bdle. 12, m. 268. William Strangeways died in 1565, leaving a son Thomas as heir; Ct. Leet Rec. i, 93. Eleanor Strangeways, widow of William, in 1568 gave acknowledgements for rents received on behalf of her son Thomas; West Hall D. Two years later Thomas Strangeways, seised in fee of the mansion house and demesne of Strangeways, was plaintiff in an assault case; Ducatus Lanc. (Rec. Com.), ii, 400. The fortunes of the family were probably declining, for alienations went on; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdles. 32, m. 82; 34, m. 84; 56, m. 4; Ct. Leet Rec. i, 176. In 1571 Thomas Strangeways sold a burgage in Manchester lying near the Irk, with a garden and kiln belonging thereto, measuring 4 rods by 2 rods 3 yds.; £20 was paid, and a perpetual rent of 5s. 4d. and 4d. for 'shearing' was due; Earwaker MSS. In 1587 he had stopped an old footway going over the Knolls into the Walkers' Croft, to the annoyance of his neighbours; Ct. Leet Rec. ii, 10. He died in 1590, leaving a son and heir John, under age; Strangeways Hall with the appurtenant lands was held of the Earl of Derby as of his manor of Pilkington (i.e. Cheetham) in socage by a rent of four barbed arrows; ibid. ii, 42; Manch. Coll. ii, 142. A contemporary John Strangeways, described as 'of London, mercer,' had land in Salford. He died before October 1598, leaving a son and heir William, about six years old; Salford Portmote Rec. (Chet. Soc.), i, 9, 15. The Salford property was sold in 1601 during William's minority to George Holden; ibid. i, 26. Another contemporary, Philip Strangeways, was one of the missionary priests imprisoned at Wisbech at the end of Elizabeth's reign; Misc. (Cath. Rec. Soc.), i, 110; ii, 278, &c. John Strangeways of Strangeways died at the end of 1600, leaving a son John, a minor, as heir; but in 1609 another son Thomas, then seventeen years of age, was found to be the heir; Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. ii, 167; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 132. A large part of the estate, as well as property in Salford, had been disposed of, but John Strangeways had held the messuage (i.e. Strangeways Hall), water-mill, 40 acres of land, &c., in Cheetham, the Knolls and other lands in Manchester, Ardwick, Salford, and Withington; the tenure of the Cheetham estate was said to be 'of the king by knight's service.' In October 1601, at the Salford Portmote, it was presented that John Strangeways had died since the last court, and that Thomas his son and heir was about twelve years old; Salford Portm. Rec. (Chet. Soc.), i, 27. In 1622 he sold a messuage and garden which he and Ralph Holland owned in Salford to George Cranage the younger, of Salford; ibid. i, 167. Elizabeth, widow of John, recovered her dower in 1603 against Thomas Strangeways, the son and heir; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 292, m. 10 d. Thomas came of age in 1613, and did his fealty at Manchester Court; Ct. Leet Rec. ii, 279. In the same year he recorded a pedigree; Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 13. In 1620, as churchwarden, he was interested in the project of a workhouse for the poor; Ct. Leet Rec. iii, 32. He was living in 1646, but had perhaps already sold his estate, being described as 'late of Strangeways.' Deed printed in Manch. Guardian.
  • 20. Richard Hartley, son of Nicholas Hartley of Manchester, woollen draper, succeeded his father in 1609, but did not come of age till 1617; Ct. Leet Rec. ii, 251, 323 and note. He died in three years, leaving as heir his brother John (ibid. iii, 36), the purchaser of Strangeways. John, who gave a rent-charge of 40s. towards the repair of the Manchester Conduit (ibid. iii, 251–6), is described as 'of Strangeways' in 1653; ibid. iv, 93. He died in 1655, leaving a daughter Ellen as heir. She married another John Hartley, and was succeeded in turn by her sons John and Ralph, who died in 1703 and 1710 respectively; Ct. Leet Rec. iv, 291 (and note); v, 71; vi, 23; Dugdale Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 131; Piccope, MS. Ped. (Chet. Lib.), ii, 260. A petition against the John Hartley who married Ellen, as being 'a man of a contentious and turbulent spirit,' in 1674 is printed in Pal. Note Bk. iii, 37; iv, 87.
  • 21. Raines in Notitia Cestr. ii, 68. An abstract of Catherine Richards' will is given in the Char. Com. Rep. for Manchester (1826, p. 165); the estate was left to Thomas Reynolds, Mary his wife, and Francis their son, with remainder to the issue of Francis. A claim by James Whittle, in right of William Hartley, was rejected in 1721; Exch. of Pleas, 7 Geo. I, Hil. m. 4, &c. Thomas Reynolds was a South Sea director. His son Francis in 1730 married Elizabeth daughter of Matthew Ducie Moreton, Lord Ducie, by Arabella daughter and co-heir of Sir Thomas Prestwich of Hulme. Her elder brother, there being no heir male, procured a second grant of a peerage (Ducie of Tortworth) to descend to her sons. Thus in 1770 Thomas Reynolds, son of Francis and Elizabeth, born at Strangeways, became the second Lord Ducie, and took the surname of Moreton. In 1785 he was succeeded by his brother Francis, and Francis in 1808 by his son Thomas, who in 1837 was created Earl of Ducie. His son, Henry George Francis, succeeded as second earl in 1840, and was followed by his son Henry John in 1853. See Collins, Peerage (ed. 1779), viii, 229–32; G.E.C. Complete Baronetage, ii, 77; Complete Peerage iii, 177–8. Francis Reynolds was 'of Strangeways' in 1741; Ct. Leet Rec. vii, 102; his house is figured in Casson and Berry's plan of the town a few years later. In 1756 Thomas Reynolds was vouchee in a recovery of the manor of Strangeways and lands in Cheetham; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 582, m. 1 a/d. In another recovery in 1797 the Hon. Thomas Moreton was vouchee; Aug. Assizes, 37 Geo. III, R. 8.
  • 22. This was the renewal of a lease held by his father-in-law, Robert Wilson of Smedley; Clowes D.; Axon, Chet. Gen. (Chet. Soc.), 57, 58, from which work the account in the text is chiefly derived.
  • 23. See the account of Crumpsall.
  • 24. Chet. Gen. 27, 30, 62.
  • 25. Ibid. 57.
  • 26. Ibid. 58. He passed his brother Edward over, because 'he hath several times made attempts to take away my life, and swore he would be my death either by stab or poison.'
  • 27. P.R.O. List, 74.
  • 28. Chet. Gen. 61.
  • 29. Ibid. 63.
  • 30. Ibid.
  • 31. It is described as 40 acres, about a moiety of the estate; it was occupied by Thomas de Strangeways and his son Geoffrey at the end of the 14th century; Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 50. There is an earlier reference in Final Conc. ii, 132. It was included in the share of the Langley estates which descended to the Reddish and Coke families, and was included in a recovery of Reddish and other lands in 1776; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 624, m. 3.
  • 32. Thomas Goodyer, mentioned in a preceding note, in 1606 purchased lands in Manchester and Strangeways from Mr. John Haughton; Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. ii, 222. In 1610 Ralph Haughton of Cheetham and George Siddall of the Slade demised to Thomas Watson the Townfield in Cheetham, containing 3 acres, to mow and pasture at 6d. rent; but if they repaid 20s. on St. Stephen's Day, between 12 and 2 p.m. in the south porch of Manchester Church, the demise was to be of no effect; High Legh D. (West Hall). Thomas Watson soon afterwards sold the Townfield and Greater Marled Field to George Tipping; ibid. In 1711 Henry Newcome, rector of Middleton, left to his daughter Elizabeth his messuage or tenement called Townfield Croft in Cheetham; Pal. Note Bk. iv, 96.
  • 33. The will of Ralph Bryddocke (Brideoak) of Manchester, clerk, is printed in Piccope, Wills (Chet. Soc.), iii, 142. Richard and Geoffrey Brideoak were among the executors. Richard Brideoak, a tenant of the Earl of Derby in Cheetham, asserted in 1598 a right to common in Crumpsall Moor against Henry Shepherd, bailiff of Alexander Reddish, but his claim was rejected; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 283, m. 14.
  • 34. a Ralph son of Richard Brideoak of Cheetham Hill was born about 1614, entered Brasenose Coll. Oxford in 1630, and was created M.A. 1636. After various appointments he gained the favour of James, Earl of Derby, and remained loyal to that family during the Civil War and its subsequent misfortunes; he gained the favour also of Speaker Lenthall, who presented him to the vicarage of Witney in Oxfordshire. He was made D.D. in 1660. He was rector of Standish in 1644, but kept out of his right, which he regained in 1660 and held till his death. In 1667 he was made Dean of Salisbury, and in 1675 Bishop of Chichester, having, it is supposed, bribed the king's mistress, the Duchess of Portsmouth. He died three years later, having (according to Wood) 'spent the chief part of his life in continual agitation for the obtaining of wealth and settling a family'; Wood, Athenae; Dict. Nat. Biog.; V.C.H. Lancs. ii, 585. Another member of the family became rector of Sefton.
  • 35. Returns at Preston.
  • 36. For district see Lond. Gaz. 29 Mar. 1839, 1 July 1856. Copies of the monumental inscriptions are in the Owen MSS.
  • 37. Lond. Gaz. 1 July 1856 (reciting that a district had been assigned to it in 1840).
  • 38. For district see Lond. Gaz. 14 May 1872.
  • 39. Ibid. 20 Oct. 1874.
  • 40. The Wesleyans have a cemetery at Cheetham Hill. There was a chapel there in 1837.
  • 41. The work began about 1851; the former building was opened in 1857 and the latter in 1853; Nightingale, Lancs. Nonconf. v, 192–4. There was also a meeting place in Hightown; ibid. 196.
  • 42. The earlier church was near Victoria Station, and is now used by the Y.W.C.A.
  • 43. In New Bridge Street; opened in 1838.
  • 44. The Great Synagogue and New Synagogue, Cheetham Hill Road; British Jews, Park Place; Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue; Central Synagogue, Park Street; Roumanian Synagogue, Waterloo Road; Strangeways and Cracow Synagogue in Strangeways; North Manchester Synagogue, Bury New Road.
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