References

Survey of London: Volume 45, Knightsbridge. Originally published by London County Council, London, 2000.

Citation:

'References', in Survey of London: Volume 45, Knightsbridge, ed. John Greenacombe( London, 2000), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol45/pp211-225 [accessed 23 November 2024].

Introduction

pp.1–17

1. B, 31 Oct 1857, p. 629.

2. Davis, pp. 51,244.

3. Reginald Colby, 'Knightsbridge: A London Hamlet', in Country Life, 18 Nov 1965, p. 1340.

4. Correspondence printed in The Blackmailing of the Chancellor, ed. Kenneth Bourne, 1975.

5. BN, 26 Sept 1890, p.450.

6. Thomas Allen, A New History of London and Westminster, 1836, p.397.

7. An Account of the Occasion and Manner of Erecting the Hospital at Lanesborough House…, 1733.

8. KLS, newspaper cutting 267e (1764).

9. Lord Hervey's Memoirs, quoted by Davis, p.25.

10. Newspaper cutting, quoted in James Ayres, Building the Georgian City, 1998, p.95.

11. Davis, p.30.

12. 7 Geo 4, c.cxlii, public and general.

13. Allen, op.cit., p.396.

14. Morning Chronicle, 23 May 1799, cited in Edward Walford, Old and New London, Vol. V, 1897, p. 17: Davis, p.27.

15. London, ed. Charles Knight, Vol. 1, 1841, p.247.

16. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 15834/2.

17. Trevor May, Gondolas and Growlers: The History of the London Horse Cab, 1995, p.110: B, 20 Jan 1872, p.52.

18. PRO, IR58/91018/54.

19. Harold P. Clunn, The Face of London, 1932, pp.325–6,330,334.

20. The World, 28 Oct 1793.

21. Ibid., 16 Aug 1791.

22. B, 11 June 1853, p.374.

23. Ibid., 14 Jan 1871, p.25.

24. Ibid., 6 Jan 1872, p.14; 14 Jan 1871, p.25.

25. Clunn, op.cit., p.326.

26. B, 11 March 1876, p.238.

27. Davis, p. 163.

28. Ethel M. Richardson, The Story of All Saints Ennismore Gardens (Knightsbridge), n.d. [c.1935], p.51.

29. MBW Mins, 9 Nov 1877, p.533.

30. BN, 27 May 1898, p.744.

31. B, 25 July 1857, p.422.

32. Letters of The Right Hon. Sir George Cornemall Lewis, Bart, to various Friends, ed. Rev. Sir Gilbert Frankland Lewis, Bart, 1870, p.234: Life of John, Lord Campbell, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, ed. Hon. Mrs Hardcastle, 1881, p.289: information from the diaries of Sir George Cornwall Lewis, kindly communicated by Rev. Dr R.W.D. Fenn.

33. B, 18 Feb 1854, p.90.

34. Denis Kilcommons, Matilda's Game, 1992, p.257.

35. B, 2 June 1911, p.684.

36. WCA, Acc. 1004/1.

37. DNB.

38. Perfect Occurrences of Every Date journall in Parliament, 7 May 1647, p.144 (BL, Thomason Tracts, E/386/8): Leslie Hotson, The Commonwealth and Restoration Stage, Cambridge, Mass., 1928, pp.23,28.

39. Davis, p.30.

CHAPTER I (pp.19–36)

Knightsbridge: South Side

1. WA, Register Books; WAM 17285: Buckinghamshire RO, D/LO/4/2; D/LO/6/9/27.

2. WA, Register Book xxv, ff.76–7; xxvi, ff. 199–200; xxix, ff.277–8.

3. Davis, pp.214–15.

4. WA, WAM 17285; WAM 52247; Register Book xx, ff.441–3; xxiv, f.11.

5. WA, WAM 66064; Register Book LIV, ff.248–50; LVI, 2nd sequence, ff. 3–5, 10–12.

6. RB: WA, WAM 52636: Davis, pp. 146–7: R. Horwood, Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster…, 1792–9 edn.

7. MDR 1833/3/675.

8. NMR, photo AA63/06632: POD.

9. RB: LMA, WCS/71, p.97; WCS/73, pp.69–70.

10. POD: NMR, hospitals' file 10029: Anthony Blee, 'Report on St George's Hospital Site for The Sir Basil Spence Partnership', 1987, p.8.

11. WA, Register Book LII, ff. 188–91; LVI, 2nd sequence, ff. 10–12; WAM 66060: Davis, p. 185: RB.

12. WA, WAM 66064; Register Book LIV, ff. 248–50; LVI, 2nd sequence, ff. 10–12; LVIII, f. 181; LX, f. 232: Davis, p. 187.

13. Flintshire RO, Glynne-Gladstone MS 722.

14. MDR 1833/5/102–4: BL, Add. MS 44137 (Gladstone Papers), vol.LII, ff. 16, 17.

15. Flintshire RO, Glynne-Gladstone MS 1527, extracts from affidavits by W.B.Smythe, 13 Nov 1863 and 24 May 1864.

16. WA, Register Book LXII, ff. 97–9.

17. Flintshire RO, Glynne-Gladstone MS 1527, J.Litton to W.E.G., 15 Feb 1867; The Architect's, Engineer's, and Building-Trades' Directory, 1868: POD.

18. DSR 1847/426: B, 20 Nov 1847, p.560: MDR 1848/10/564–7; 1849/3/837; 1849/7/423; 1851/3/963: Companion to the Almanac …for 1849, p.249.

19. MDR 1850/11/49; 1857/10/323; 1858/3/502–6.

20. B, 1 Dec 1849, p. 574: BN, 2 Jan 1857, p. 21;4 Sept 1857, p.931.

21. BN, 2 Jan 1857, p. 21; 4 Sept 1857, p. 931; 11 Dec 1857, p. 1299.

22. MBW Mins, 27 Jan 1860, p.74: MDR 1861/8/640.

23. POD.

24. Colvin, p. 335: POD: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/06/55907.

25. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/22/TP/14786: Architect & Building News, 22 Oct 1937, p.103.

26. See Christopher Wilk, 'Who was Betty Joel?', in Apollo, July 1995, pp.7–11.

27. BN, 2 Jan 1857, p.21; 11 Dec 1857, p.1299: MDR 1856/10/554; 1857/10/323: POD.

28. PRO, BT 31/33968/462: MDR 1863/15/986–8.

29. The Caterer and Hotel-Keeper's Gazette, 16 Sept 1907, p.388.

30. The Times, 2 Aug 1864, p.7e: B, 2 Sept 1864, p.660: MBW Mins, 2 Dec 1864, p.1194; 24 March 1865, p.398; 22 Sept 1865, p.1032: London: A Complete Guide to the Leading Hotels, Places of Amusement (published by Henry Herbert, London), 1872, p.3.

31. London: A Complete Guide to the Leading Hotels…, 1872, p.3.

32. Derek Taylor and David Bush, The Golden Age of British Hotels, 1974, p.70.

33. The Times, 2 Nov 1897, p.12e–f; 25 March 1898, p.14c; 8 Aug 1900, p. 11f.

34. The Caterer and Hotel-Keeper's Gazette, 16 Sept 1907, p.388: James Bone, London Echoing, 1948, p. 102.

35. James Douet, British Barracks 1600–1914, 1998, p.62.

36. Davis, p. 196: KLS, Deeds 3781 (bundle 6): PRO, WO55/2613.

37. The Times, 19 Oct 1789, p. 3c; 28 Oct 1789, p. 3c.

38. PRO, WORK 16/434; WO40/5.

39. PRO, WO55/741: Davis, pp. 196–7.

40. WCA, Grosvenor Estate Trustees Minute Books, 1049/5/13, pp. 427, 444–5, 524; 1049/5/14, p.77: B, 5 March 1859, p. 179.

41. The Times, 24 March 1952, p.2d.

42. ILN, 6 Aug 1842, p.204.

43. Morning Post, 21 June 1842, p.6.

44. W.B.Langdon, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Chinese Collection, 1844 edn, p. 15.

45. The literature on the Chinese Collection and its successors is considerable. The following were extensively drawn on for this accountRichard D.Altick, The Shows of London, 1978: Elizabeth Phillips, 'A Pagoda in Knightsbridge', in The Journal of Pre-Raphaelite Studies, vol.iv, no.2, 1984, (New Hampshire), pp.37–42: and Helen Saxbee, 'An Orient Exhibited. The Exhibition of the Chinese Collection in England in the 1840s', RCA PhD thesis, 1990 (copy in NAL). Information about W.B.Langdon was provided by his great-granddaughters, Jeanette Parsons and Nancy McKay. See also Alan Cox, 'Pagoda and Celestial Palace', in Westminster History Review 3, 1999, pp. 19–24.

46. Morning Post, 21 June 1842, p.6: LMA, MBW/OW/VP/3.

47. ILN, 6 Aug 1842, pp.204–5: The Spectator, 25 June 1842, p.616: George Mogridge, Old Humphrey's Walks in London and Its Neighbourhood, 1842, p.328.

48. ILN, 6 Aug 1842, p.205.

49. Langdon, op.cit., 1844 edn, p.17.

50. ILN, 6 Aug 1842, p.205: Jean Gordon Lee, Philadelphians and the China Trade 1784–1844, Philadelphia Museum of Art, 1984, p. 15: John Timbs, Curiosities of London, 1855 edn, p.432.

51. The Times, 9 Aug 1854, p.12d.

52. Lee, op.cit., p. 17: Phillips, op.cit., p.38.

53. The Spectator, 25 June 1842, p.616: Phillips, op.cit., p.38.

54. The Spectator, 2 July 1842, p.635: The Times, 13 Nov 1843, p.5d; 11 Dec 1844, p.7e; 26 Oct 1846, p.7c: Lee, op.cit., pp.17–18.

55. The Times, 26 Oct 1846, p.7c; 12 Nov 1849, p.7e.

56. LMA, MBW/OW/VP/3: The Times, 8 Oct 1956, p.5c.

57. Phillips, op.cit., p.40: copies of catalogues in NAL.

58. Altick, op.cit., pp.290–1.

59. The Art-Journal, vol.12, 1850, pp.129, 201: ILN, 3 May 1851, p.356: advertisement of Jan 1853 in collection of GL.

60. Charles Dickens, 'The Noble Savage', in Household Words, vol.7, 1853, p.168.

61. ILN, 4 Feb 1854, p.99: The Times, 9 Aug 1854, p.12d: Jenny Elkan, 'Knightsbridge Could Not Go To Mahomet', in Museums Journal, vol.89, no.9, Dec 1989, pp.28–31.

62. RB.

63. Texas Monthly, June 1992, p.103: AJ, 14 Sept 1988, p.76: B, 14 Sept 1990, p. 11: The Times, 7 Nov 1990, p.37: WBC.

64. PRO, CRES 35/2653.

65. London Transport Museum, photo U58980.

66. LCC Mins, 10 Nov 1908, p.959: WBC.

67. PRO, BT 31/4118/129301: Mary Catheart Borer, The British Hotel Through the Ages, 1972, p.230: POD.

68. David Leboff, London Underground Stations, 1994, p.77.

69. LMA, Acc.3527/227; Acc.3527/285–6.

70. Except where otherwise indicated, this section is based upon PRO, CRES 35/2653; CRES 38/1556; CRES 38/1722.

71. MDR 1847/5/588.

72. B, 12 Nov 1870, p.915.

73. B, 5 Nov 1870, p.894.

74. POD: information provided by the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents.

75. Information provided by Francis Baden-Powell.

76. John P.Morraby, 'Collector's Piece', in AR, Nov 1964, pp.380–2.

77. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/06/55494: POD.

78. WBC: AR, Nov 1964, pp.325–7.

79. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/29755: WBC.

80. Daily Telegraph, 22 Jan 1991, p.23; 29 Jan 1996, p.27: B, 2 Feb 1996, p.18: information provided by Hunter & Partners.

81. Account based on — LMA, GLC/AR/BR/13/104552; GLC/AR/ BR/13/126636: WBC: AR, Sept 1972, p.139: B 31 March 1972, p.41: Interior Design, Aug 1972, pp. 528–9: Stone Industries, July/Aug 1973, p.20: Wendy Arnold, The Historic Hotels of London, 1981, p.15.

82. Brick Builder, Dec 1937, pp.13–16: AR, June 1938, p.300: WBC.

83. Percy J.Edwards, History of London Street Improvements, 1855–1897, 1898, p.205.

84. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 45481.

85. Ibid., files 67785, 71092, 80655–65, 80769: POD.

86. BN, 30 Oct 1903, p.603.

87. POD.

88. CERC, Church Commissioners' files 80656, 80663.

89. Ibid., file 67785: The Caterer and Hotel-Keeper's Gazette, 15 March 1915, p.133; 15 June 1916, p.225.

90. POD.

91. Ibid.

92. Buckinghamshire RO, D/LO/4/2 (abstract of title): Davis, p.149.

93. Davis, pp.150–2.

94. RB: 53 Geo III, c.205, loc. and pers: Davis, pp.155–9: Edward Walford, Old and New London, 1897 edn, vol.V, p.21.

95. Davis, p.155.

96. MDR 1748/1/69.

97. Illustrated in E.A.Entwisle, A Literary History of Wallpaper, 1960, Pl.35.

98. POD.

99. GL, MS 11936/298, policy no.454526: RB.

100. MDR 1791/4/189: RB: The Chelsea Society, Annual Report, 1956, pp.8–10: Tradecard in British Museum, Banks Collection (ref 30.18).

101. NAL, 11.RC.H.10, Robert Barnes, 'Papers in connection with the Early FLOOR CLOTH MANUFACTURE', MS scrapbook, 1857, pp.42, 47: MDR 1799/4/450–1: The Times, 5 April 1873, p.5c: POD.

102. GL, MS 11936/298, policy no.454526: NAL, 11.RC.H.10, Robert Barnes, 'Papers …', p.42: 53 Geo III, c.205, loc. and pers: Davis, pp.158–9.

103. Buckinghamshire RO, D/LO/4/2 (abstract of title); D/LO/6/9/27: Journals of the House of Commons, vol.20, reprinted 1803, pp.93, 127, 177.

104. 53 Geo III, c.205, loc. and pers: Buckinghamshire RO, D/LO/6/15/ 1a and 3: LMA, WCS/66, f.94, 23 April 1819; WCS/PR/60: Grosvenor Estate papers (Chester), Lowndes to Earl Grosvenor, 25 Jan 1810.

105. Hermione Hobhouse, Thomas Cubitt, 1971, p.152 et seq.

106. Buckinghamshire RO, D/LO/6/15/8, 9.

107. Ibid., D/LO/6/15/9, 20: MDR 1826/1/529: 1832/3/558: Colvin, p. 809.

108. MDR 1824/10/650–1; 1829/8/124.

109. Buckinghamshire RO, D/LO/6/15/8: BAL Archives, PoFam/ 1/2, p.63.

110. Buckinghamshire RO, D/LO/6/15/13(a–b).

111. Alison Adburgham, Shops and Shopping 1800–1914, 2nd edn, 1981, p.195.

112. The Warehousemen and Drapers' Trade Journal, vol.11, 18 Jan 1873, p.24.

113. RB: POD: Census (1891).

114. The Gentlewoman, 29 July 1893, p.138.

115. LMA, LCC/AR/BA/4/67, No.162; LCC/AR/BA/4/75, No.116: LCC Mins, 20 Jan 1897, p.31; 13 April 1897, p.421: BN, 23 Feb 1900, p.263.

116. Sonia Keppel, Edwardian Daughter, 1958, p.41.

117. Thelma H.Benjamin, London Shops and Shopping, 1934, pp.170–1.

118. LMA, B98/097, Box 3.

119. Maurice Corina, Fine Silks & Oak Counters: Debenhams 1778–1978, 1978, p.140: Daily Telegraph, 27 Sept 1966, p.1: The Times, 27 Sept 1966, p.1: Harpers & Queen, Feb 1980, p.74.

120. The Times, 27 Sept 1966, p.1; 14 Jan 1967, p.7: Daily Telegraph, 21 Feb 1968, p.15; 25 Jan 1969, p.16: Construction Journal, 11 March 1971: LMA, GLC/AR/DS/4/45; GLC/AR/DS/4/45–7: Kensington and Chelsea Borough Council, Building Control and Planning records.

121. Quoted in The Times, 21 Nov 1984, p.15.

122. AR, Sept 1972, p.136: The Architect, July 1973, p.38: AJ, 4 July 1973, p.7.

123. Building Design, 13 July 1973, p.4: AJ, 4 July 1973, p.8.

124. This account uses material compiled by Mary Cosh (history of Harvey Nichols) and Lucy Roe (genealogy of the Harvey and Nichols families).

125. Information from the Metropolitan Early Closing Association's Annual Reports, provided by Mary Cosh.

126. DSR 1872/214: B, 24 Oct 1874, p.898.

127. The Warehousemen and Drapers' Trade Journal, 18 Jan 1873, p.24.

128. LCC Mins, 30 June 1891, p.687; 27 Sept 1892, p.795: DSR 1892/125; 1893/167.

129. LMA, B98/097, Box 3.

130. Ibid., GLC/AR/BR/17/035059: KLS, MS 2434.

131. Who's Whom in Royal Warrant Holders, 1921, pp.239–40.

132. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/035059, plans dated 1922–3: BN, 26 Jan 1923, p.107: B, 16 Feb 1923, p.294: DSR.

133. Harold P. Clunn, London Rebuilt 1897–1927, 1927, p.249.

134. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/035059: DSR.

135. The Lady, 21 June 1934, p.1058; 11 Oct 1934, p.595.

136. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/035059.

137. The Independent, 3 Oct 1992, weekend section, p.33: AR, July 1993, pp.82–5.

CHAPTER II (pp.37–63)

Knightsbridge: North Side

1. Davis, p.163: WA, RCO 33.

2. WA, WAM 12847: Davis, pp.30, 160: Census(1851): RB: POD.

3. BN, 10 Feb 1882, p.185: PRO, WORK 16/692.

4. B, 22 Nov 1853, p.737; 6 Jan 1872, p.14: Pall Mall Gazette, 12 Dec 1904, p.2.

5. POD.

6. Davis, pp. 161–2: Censuses (1841–91): POD.

7. PRO, WORK 16/917.

8. WA, WAM 16298; WAM 16312: The Evolution of Hospitals in Britain, ed. E.N.L.Poynter, 1964, pp.29, 34.

9. WA, WAM 16315.

10. WA, WAM 16311; WAM 43659; WAM 52243: Davis, pp.55–6: The Evolution of Hospitals in Britain, p.34.

11. WA, WAM 16311; WAM 52243.

12. WA, WAM 52243; Register Books, e.g. xx, f.241.

13. WA, WAM 1630; WAM 52243.

14. BL, Add. MS 5755, quoted in Davis, pp.52–4.

15. WA, WAM 16324.

16. WA, WAM 16316; Register Book XVIII, ff. 130–2: Davis, p.57.

17. WA, RCO 33; Register Book xxiv, f. 248: CERC, Church Commissioners' file 45481/2.

18. Davis, pp.56–7, 92: WA, WAM 52253A.

19. WA, RCO 33: Davis, pp.58–60.

20. WA, WAM 9409; RCO 33, letter of Rev. H.Binney, 8 July 1833; Davis pp.60–1.

21. WA, WAM 9407; WAM 43659.

22. Davis, pp.61–2: WA, Register Book LIII, f.75.

23. Davis, pp.61–2: plan in account book in WA, RCO 33.

24. Davis, pp.91–2: Thomas Allen, A New History of London and Westminster, 1836, p.396.

25. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 33082/1: PRO, WORK 16/1183.

26. B, April 13 1861, p.244: Matthew Saunders, 'Samuel Sanders Teulon' in The Architectural Outsiders, ed. Roderick Brown, 1985, p.135.

27. B, 21 April 1860, pp.248–9; 13 April 1861, pp.248–9.

28. Ibid: PRO, WORK 16/1183: CERC. Church Commissioners' files 24314, 33082/1.

29. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 45481.

30. Ibid., file 33082/1–4.

31. Ibid., files 81734, 33082/4.

32. Ibid., file 81734.

33. Ibid., files 45481, 81734.

34. B, 14 March 1908, p.309: Academy Architecture, vol.35, 1909', p.32.

35. B, 30 Nov 1907, p.586; 14 March 1908, p.309: CERC, Church Commissioners' file 81734.

36. PRO, WORK 16/1183.

37. WA, Register Book xxx f.12: MDR 1720/5/214–5.

38. WA, WAM 16274; Register Books VII, f.24; x, f.120: L. E. Tanner, Westminster Abbey Occasional Papers No. 9, 1962, pp.3–4.

39. WA, Register Books XI, f.50; XIX, ff.59, 215; xxv, f.165: RB.

40. WA, Register Book XXVII, f.66: MDR 1720/5/214–15.

41. MDR: RB.

42. Davis, pp.113–14.

43. WA, Register Book XLII, ff. 137–42.

44. RB.

45. PRO, WORK 16/341.

46. Ibid; WORK 16/912.

47. PRO, WORK 16/363.

48. LCC, Indication of Houses of Historical Interest in London, vol.II, pp.69–71.

49. DNB: LCC, op.cit., p.68.

50. Harold P.Clunn, London Marches On, 1947, pp.11, 132.

51. Davis, pp.114–15: RB: Censuses (1841–91).

52. Davis, pp. 111–12.

53. RB: WA, Register Books xxvii, ff.66–8; xxx, f.12: Bryant Lillywhite, London Signs, 1972, p.196: The Tatler, no.259.

54. Davis, pp.112–13.

55. WA, Register Book LV, f.397: RB: Davis, p.113: Land & Building News, 9 Aug 1856, p.486: Diana Howard, London Theatres and Music Halls 1850–1950, 1970, p.87.

56. Davis, pp. 113–14: Colvin, pp.202–3: WA, Register Book LV, f.397.

57. Davis, p. 113: RB: WA, Register Books XLII, ff. 137–42; LIX, ff.27–9.

58. Colvin, pp.334–5.

59. RB: Census (1841): Howard, op.cit., 1970, p.87: Davis, pp.113–14.

60. Davis, pp.36–7, 176; Jacob Larwood and John Camden Hotten, The History of Signboards, From the Earliest Times to the Present Day, 1866 edn, p.214: Chancellor, pp.259, 264.

61. KLS, 58/5604, pp.217, 219–20: MDR 1776/4/513: RB: Davis, p. 176.

62. MDR 1776/4/513: RB.

63. Inscription on building, see WCA, E138/43; WDP2/491: POD.

64. MDR 1778/1/95.

65. RB: Censuses (1841–91): POD.

66. Davis, p.iv.

67. WCA, Box 60, no.44B.

68. John Timbs, Curiosities of London, 1867 edn, p.492: RB.

69. Thomas Cooper, Life of Thomas Cooper, 1886, p.302.

70. Davis, p.117: Censuses (1861–91).

71. Lady Morgan's Memoirs: Autobiography, Diaries and Correspondence, vol.II, 1862, pp.432–3, 438–43, 470: PRO, WORK 16/439.

72. Lady Morgan's Memoirs…, pp.432–3, 440, 442–3.

73. Plan Shewing the Proposed Improvements to the Roads from London and Westminster through Chelsea, also the proposed Road into Hyde Park from Knightsbridge, 1838.

74. PRO, MPE 1367(1–3); WORK 32/199.

75. PRO, WORK 16/439.

76. Ibid.

77. Ibid.

78. 4 & 5 Vic, c.12.

79. WA, FA 12432B, 12434: PRO, CRES 38/1539.

80. PRO, WORK 16/439; WORK 32/29.

81. PRO, WORK 16/683; CRES 2/650.

82. Lady Morgan's Memoirs…, p.442.

83. ILN, 31 Jan 1863, p.130.

84. PRO, WORK 16/439.

85. Davis, p.101: B, 23 Aug 1845, p.400.

86. The Observer, 13 Nov 1983, p.40: information provided by the Royal Parks Agency.

87. PRO, CRES 2/650; WORK 16/439: B, 5 March 1853, p. 152.

88. PRO, WORK 16/334; MFQ595.

89. PRO, CRES 2/650; WORK 16/440; WORK 16/683: ILN, 4 May 1844, p.287: Hermione Hobhouse, Thomas Cubitt, 1971, p.377.

90. PRO, WORK 16/683.

91. PRO, WORK 32/29.

92. Davis, p. 102.

93. B, 16 July 1843, p.347.

94. ILN, 30 March 1844, p.202; 20 May 1854, p.474.

95. Ibid: MDR 1846/2/688–9; 1854/17/584: information provided by Hermione Hobhouse: Felix Barker and Denise Silvester-Carr, The Black Plaque Guide to London, 1987, p.187.

96. G.A.Sala, Twice round the Clock, 1858, pp. 188–9.

97. Hobhouse, op.cit., p.164: ILN, 22 Oct 1853, p.343: MDR 1854/17/584.

98. ILN, 20 May 1854, pp.472–4: Sala, op.cit., p.189.

99. Oxford English Dictionary.

100. Centre des Archives Diplomatiques, Nantes, Fonds Comtabilité, Carton 321.

101. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/22/23234.

102. The Gentlewoman, 21 June 1902, p.870.

103. Oliver Curtis, 'Architecture of Today and Yesterday', in Town and Country News, 23 Feb 1934, p.7.

104. This account is based largely on information extracted by Mr Martin Meade from official French sources in the Centre des Archives Diplomatiques, Nantes, Fonds Comtabilité, Cartons 319–32.

105. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 45481/2.

106. Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects, vol.xii, 3rd Series, 1905, p.59: P.G.Mouchel & Partners, file 66: LMA, GLC/AR/BA/3/1.

107. The King, 2 Aug 1902, pp.897–900: Mouchel-Hennebique FerroConcrete, List of works executed in UK, p.65: Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects, vol.xii, 3rd Series, 1905, p.59.

108. ILN, 14 March 1846, p.174.

109. PRO, CRES 2/650: information provided by Hermione Hobhouse.

110. POD: MDR 1858/11/382.

111. The Times, 16 Sept 1858, p.8f; 19 Oct 1858, p.6f.

112. PRO, WORK 16/683.

113. NMR, Bedford Lemere day-books (interiors), 8821–32: DSR 1886/81.

114. Cecil Roth, The Sassoon Dynasty, 1941, p.132.

115. PRO, CRES 2/650, 21 Jan 1847, 15 Jan 1851.

116. The Times, 26 Oct 1846, p. 7c; 12 Nov 1849, p.7e: The Life of P.T. Barnum Written by Himself, 1855, p.347.

117. LMA, MBO 26, pp.257–68: PRO, HO107/1469, f.132v.

118. The Times, 15 April 1851, p. 1e.

119. The Art-Journal, New Series, vol.iv, 1 Jan 1852, p.33.

120. LMA, MBO 26, pp.257–68; MBO 76, pp.329–44: PRO, MPE783: The Times, 20 Jan 1851, p.5e; 2 May 1851, p. 3f: The Art-Journal, op. et loc.cit: Tallis's Illustrated Plan of London and its Environs in Commemoration of the Great Exhibition, 1851 (Tallis's vignette of the Celestial Palace is reproduced in Westminster History Review 3, 1999, p.22): John Timbs, Curiosities of London, 1855 edn, p.432.

121. The Times, 2 May 1851, p.3f: ILN, 10 May 1851, p.380.

122. A.W.Ganz, Berlioz in London, 1950, pp.94–6.

123. The Art-Journal, op. et loc.cit: Christies Archives, Catalogue of the Celebrated Assemblage … collected by the late Nathan Dunn, 10 Dec 1851: B, 20 Jan 1852, p.24.

124. Information provided by Langdon's great-grand-daughters, Jeanette Parsons and Nancy McKay.

125. Dianne Sachko Macleod, Art and the Victorian middle class: Money and the making of cultural identity, 1996, pp.456–7.

126. PRO, WORK 16/676, 7, 17 Feb 1852.

127. PRO, WORK 16/676.

128. MDR 1858/2/865: Land & Building News, 9 Aug 1856, p.486: Davis, p.114: POD.

129. Ladies Field, 16 July 1898, pp.226–33.

130. MDR 1882/21/528; 1883/30/719; 1884/15/141: PRO, WORK 16/676.

131. Antique Collector, Aug-Sept 1973, p.191.

132. AR, Aug 1964, pp.130, 132: WBC.

133. AR, Aug 1964, pp.130, 132: Antique Collector, Aug—Sept 1973, pp. 189–95: Jeremy Musson, 'Changing Rooms at the Club', in Country Life, 22 April 1999, pp.96–7: Building Design, 21 Feb 1992, p.24; 21 Aug 1992, p.3.

134. MDR 1883/30/179.

135. MBW Mins, 3 Aug 1883, p.289: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/22/088038; MBW/1725, no.204: English Heritage, Historians' file WM 556.

136. Information provided by Mrs Savage of the Danish Club: English Heritage, Historians' file WM 556.

137. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 55519: B, 19 May 1877, p.518; 26 May 1877, p.544: Coleman's Life of Charles Reade, quoted in Chancellor, p.48.

138. MBW Mins, 2 Nov 1877, p.514; 16 Nov 1877, p.575: LMA, MBW/751, 13 Nov 1877, p.57: B, 24 Nov 1877, p.1185.

139. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 55519: MDR 1880/28/31; 1880/30/349.

140. Parent's designs are in possession of the Earl of Rosebery at Dalmeny House.

141. Robert Rhodes James, Rosebery: A Biography of Archibald Philip, Fifth Earl of Rosebery, 1963, p.123: DNB.

142. MDR 1883/30/719; 1884/15/141.

143. MDR 1888/24/74–5.

144. PRO, BT 31/3916/24762: B, 20 Aug 1887, p.286.

145. PRO, WORK 16/381: MBW Mins, 13 April 1888, p.598.

146. PRO, WORK 16/381: ILN, 26 May 1888, p.563.

147. The Standard, 24 April 1888: B, 16 June 1888, p.434.

148. Buildings (Metropolis) Bill, copy in LMA, LCC/AR/BA/1/2: MDR 1888/15/9.

149. Account of Balfour's career by Esmond J. Cleary in Dictionary of Business Biography, ed. David J. Jeremy, vol.4, 1984: contemporary reports in Building Societies Gazette, etc.

150. BN, 25 Nov 1892, p.735.

151. Ibid.

152. Ibid.

153. Ibid: B, 3 May 1890, p.323.

154. The Times, 18 April 1899, p.8; 20 April 1899, p.9: B, 15 March 1902, p.273: DSR.

155. PRO, WORK 16/381.

156. Anthony Masters, Inside Marbled Halls, 1979, p.139.

157. PRO, BT 31/7895/56574.

158. Hotel World, June 1899, p.xviii.

159. PRO, BT 31/6540/46041.

160. Companies House, file 73251: Marie Louise Ritz, César Ritz — Host to the World, 1938, p.275: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/173.

161. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/173.

162. WAC, WDP 2/489.

163. PRO, WORK 16/381.

164. PRO, IR 58/91028/522: Caterer & Hotel Proprietor's Gazette, 15 Jan 1912, p.2: B, 14 Aug 1914, p.184.

165. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/0173.

166. PRO, WORK 16/1250.

167. B, 21 June 1997, p.1167: Clunn, op.cit. (note 50), p.132: The Estate Exchange Year Book for 1935, p.155: B, 13 Sept 1935, p.447.

168. PRO, WORK 16/1187: Clunn, op.cit., p.132: CERC, Church Commissioners' file 55519.

169. Description based on contemporary accounts including — Concrete Quarterly, Jan-March 1959, pp.37–40: Contract Journal, 12 Dec 1957, p.1347: Architect & Building News, 1 April 1959, p.407 et seq.: AR, March 1959, pp.167–73.

170. PRO, WORK 16/1835.

171. Information provided by Ian Hedges.

172. PRO, WORK 16/1835: Stephen Gardiner, Epstein: Artist Against the Establishment, 1992, pp.466–8, 475–6.

173. Gardiner, op.cit., p.468.

174. Ian Nairn, Modern Architecture in London, 1964, p.46.

175. PRO, CRES 38/1591: RB: John Lockie, Topography of London…, 1813.

176. MDR 1761/4/171: RB.

177. RB: PRO, CRES 38/1591.

178. Ibid.

179. PRO, WORK 16/903: RB.

180. B, 25 July 1857, p.422.

181. Census (1841).

182. Census (1851).

183. The Reminiscences of Lady Dorothy Nevill, ed. Ralph Nevill, 1906, chapter XIII.

184. MDR 1853/8/809–10: PRO, CRES 35/2839.

185. B, 25 July 1857, p.422.

186. BN, 2 Jan 1857, p.21: Hermione Hobhouse, 'Philip and Philip Charles Hardwick: an architectural dynasty', in Seven Victorian Architects, 1977, ed. Jane Fawcett, pp.139, 152.

187. Information provided by Giles Worsley.

188. Companion to the Almanac… for 1858, p.249.

189. BN, 2 Jan 1857, p.21; 17 April 1857, p.383.

190. The Times, 1 April 1858, p.10b; 17 Jan 1872, p.5d; 29 July 1878, p.10a–f: The Lady, 3 March 1891, p.287: B, 21 March 1891, p.237.

191. PRO, BT 31/15252/37055; CRES 35/2839: MDR 1891/20/558; 1893/24/452; 1895/1/264–5.

192. B, 18 May 1895, p.381.

193. Flats, Sept 1896, supplement.

194. PRO, CRES 38/1591.

195. PRO, WORK 16/1184: MDR 1891/8/175.

196. Ibid: LCC Mins, 25 Nov 1890, p.1050: BN 30 Oct 1891, pp.618, 631.

197. PRO, WORK 16/903: DSR 1887/173: LCC Mins, 6 May 1887, p.754; 1 July 1887, p.27.

198. PRO, WORK 16/449.

199. PRO, WORK 16/903; IR58/91028/505.

CHAPTER III (pp.64–76)

Knightsbridge Barracks

1. B, 2 Feb 1878, p.110 (the fate of these plans is not known).

2. PP 1806 (317), VI.115, Second Report of the Commissioners of Military Enquiry: Establishment of the Barrack Office, 18 July 1806, Appendix 19.

3. PP, Reports from Committees of the House of Commons, vol.XII, 1803, 20th Report from the Select Committee on Finance, 19 July 1797, p.409.

4. The Times, 21 Dec 1793, p.3d.

5. Ibid., 28 Oct 1789, p.3c.

6. James Douet, British Barracks 1600–1914, 1998, p.60.

7. PRO, WORK 16/434.

8. John Rocque, A Plan of the Palace Gardens and Town of Kensington, 1754.

9. Colvin, sub Gandon: and see Maurice Craig, The Architecture of Ireland from the earliest times to 1880, 1982, pp.285–8: PRO, WORK 38/1–4.

10. Maj.-Gen.Sir Elliott Wood, Life and Adventure in Peace and War, 1924, pp.82–3.

11. PRO, WO44/566.

12. Ibid., WO40/19.

13. Royal Archives, F24/66; F 24/74–5: B, 15 March 1851, p.174: James Stevens Curl, The Life and Work of Henry Roberts, 1983, pp.97–8.

14. Curl, op.cit., pp.98–106: Survey of London, vol.XXVI, 1956, pp.34–6.

15. PP 1854–5 (405), XXXII.37, Report… on Barrack Accommodation for the Army, 17 July 1855: B, 1 March 1856, p. 121.

16. PP 1861 (2839), XVI.I, General Report of the Commission appointed for Improving the Sanitary Condition of Barracks and Hospitals, 1861: PP 1863 (3084), XIII.117, Appendix to the Report of the Commission for Improving the Sanitary Condition of Barracks and Hospitals (Interim Reports), 1863.

17. PP 1863 (3084), XIII.117, Appendix to the Report of the Commission for Improving the Sanitary Condition of Barracks and Hospitals (Interim Reports), 1863, p.14: B, 1 May 1858, p.290.

18. PP 1863 (3084), XIII.117, Appendix to the Report of the Commission for Improving the Sanitary Condition of Barracks and Hospitals (Interim Reports), 1863, pp.348–51.

19. B, 13 March 1858, p. 170.

20. B, 11 June 1870, p. 463.

21. John Elsworth, The Knightsbridge Barracks & the Necessity for their removal, 1867.

22. B, 6 July 1867, p.498.

23. Hansard, Commons 1876, vol.227, cols 1114–15, 9 March 1876.

24. B, 22 May 1869, p. 414.

25. B, 26 June 1875, p. 580.

26. Hansard, Commons 1876, vol.227, col.555, 21 Feb 1876; col.1118, 29 Feb 1876.

27. B, 22 Jan 1876, p.72: Hansard, Commons 1876, vol.227, col.1232, 2 March 1876.

28. B, 4 Nov 1876, p. 1079.

29. B, 24 March 1877, p.299.

30. B, 11 March 1876, p.230.

31. 42 & 43 Vic, c.219: P.J.Edwards, History of London Street Improvements, 1855–1897, 1898, Plan XLIX, p.119: B, 1 July 1871, p.513.

32. BN, 28 Nov 1879, p.663.

33. B, 2 Feb 1878, p.110.

34. Survey of London, vol. XLVIII, 1975, P. 217n.

35. Edmund Happold, Reconstruction of the Household Cavalry Barracks, 1970 (Paper no.31, given at Public Works and Municipal Services Congress and Exhibition, 1970): ILN, 15 May 1880, p.486: BN, 26 March 1880, p.383.

36. Wood, op.cit., p.82.

37. B, 2 Feb 1878, p.110.

38. WCA, Acc.262.

39. ILN, 15 May 1880, p.486.

40. The Architect, 31 May 1879, p.325.

41. Description based largely on – BN, 26 Nov 1880, p.383: The Architect, 21 Nov 1879, p.602.

42. ILN, 15 May 1880, p.486.

43. Household Cavalry Museum, volume of plans dated 3 May 1911.

44. Journal of the Household Brigade, 1879, p.227.

45. BN, 26 March 1880, p.383.

46. Companion to the Almanae … for 1879, pp. 159–60; … for 1881, p.153.

47. BN, 21 Nov 1879, p.602.

48. Hansard, Commons 1929–30, vol.231, cols 655–6, 4. Nov 1929.

49. Hansard, Commons 1924–5, vol.181, col.947, 9 March 1925.

50. PRO, CRES 35/3118; WORK 16/1834.

51. Happold, op.cit., pp.788–9: The Times, 21 Sept 1932, p.5d.

52. Guards Magazine, Winter 1970–1, pp.203–4.

53. PRO, WORK 16/1834, A.G.Offer to Ministry of Works, 26 June 1956; WORK 16/1834, William Hare to Hugh Molson MP, 14 Feb 1957.

54. PRO, WORK 16/1834, Maj.-Gen.J.H.Amers to Mr King, Ministry of Works, 11 Feb 1958: Anthony Blee archives, 25/F/I/L, memo from War Office to Basil Spence & Partners, 2 Nov 1959.

55. B, 25 Feb 1865, p.141.

56. PRO, WORK 16/1834.

57. LMA, LCC/AR/TP/1/92, Godfrey Samuel to Director-General of Works, War Office, 4 Aug 1960.

58. PRO, WORK 16/1834, Profumo to Lord John Hope, 15 Aug 1960.

59. LMA, LCC/AR/TP/1/92, Godfrey Samuel to Basil Spence & Partners, 13 Sept 1960.

60. AR, Oct 1963, p.227.

61. B, 2 Aug 1963, p.220.

62. Anthony Blee archives, 25/F/1/G, Anthony Blee to W.H.Mundy, 3 June 1970.

63. Information provided by Anthony Blee.

64. B, 2 Aug 1963, p.220.

65. ARUP Journal, vol. 1, no.2, March 1967, pp.2–9.

66. B, 30 Oct 1970, p.61: Anthony Blee archives, 25/F/1/G.

67. B, 2 Aug 1963, p.219; 30 Oct 1970, pp.61–4.

68. Anthony Blee archives, 25/F/3/M.

69. Concrete Quarterly, April-Sept 1971, p.35.

70. The following account is based largely on — Ministry of Public Building and Works, Hyde Park Barracks, 1970: AJ, 28 Oct 1970, p. 995: B, 30 Oct 1970, pp.62–4: Happold, op.cit., pp.797–8.

71. B, 30 Oct 1970, p. 63.

72. Ministry of Public Building and Works, op.cit., p.37.

73. Guards Magazine, Winter 1970–1, p.200.

74. Anthony Blee archives, 25/F/2/J.

75. Ibid., 25/F/2/K.

76. B, 30 Oct 1970, p.61.

77. Concrete Quarterly, April-Sept 1971, p.34.

78. Edward Jones and Christopher Woodward, A Guide to the Architecture of London, 1992, p. 192.

CHAPTER IV (pp.77–94)

Knightsbridge Green Area

1. WA, WAM 52252: MDR 1719/1/181; 1719/5/202–4.

2. RB: WCA, Acc. 1188, bundle II: KLS, MS 3471: DNB.

3. The histories of the Blake and Moreau estates generally are given in Survey of London, vol.xxxviii, 1975, Chapter 1, and vol.XLI, 1983, Chapter III.

4. KLS, MS 3799: List of possessions of Sir William Blake at his death, in extra-illustrated copy of Thomas Faulkner, History and Antiquities of Kensington, 1820, in BL (press mark L.R. 271.c.3), b/w pp.440–1: LMA, C/96/47.

5. WA, Church Commissioners' Records, Box 441, Deed 292078, 11 March 1719/20; Register Book XXXI, ff.128v–129: MDR 1724/4/260; 1726/6/175.

6. KLS, MS 3799: WCA, Acc. 1188, bundle II.

7. Survey of London, vol.XLI, 1983, p.34.

8. MDR 1760/2/153–5; 1762/3/259–61; 1778/2/328; 1793/3/226; 1793/3/229–31; 1795/3/300: RB.

9. KLS, MSS 3788, 3729–35: information provided by Victor Belcher.

10. KLS, MSS 3736–7, 3748–50, 3775–7.

11. MDR 1842/1/123–4: Claude Blair, 'The Egg Family Part I', in The Journal of the Arms and Armour Society, vol.VII, nos 9–10, March-June 1973, pp.326–7.

12. MDR 1724/4/260; 1726/6/175.

13. Daily Telegraph, 24 May 1867, p.4: John Elsworth, The Knightsbridge Barracks & the Necessity for their removal, 1867, p.9.

14. WA, Church Commissioners' Records, Dean & Chapter Estates, Box 441, Deed 292079, Fine Book 1632–1877.

15. Davis, p. 104.

16. RB: LMA, WR/LV/1798/1: MDR 1797/7/285.

17. Davis, pp.144–5.

18. KLS, cuttings (ref.266a).

19. LMA, MR/LMD/1849/4/81(b).

20. Diana Howard, London Theatres and Music Halls 1850–1950, 1970, pp.133, 199.

21. Davis, pp.103, 144.

22. PRO, C5/62/12: Chancellor, pp.265–6: Davis, p. 104.

23. MDR 1802/3/723.

24. MDR 1737/3/214–26; 1738/2/260–2.

25. Postcard in Brian Girling collection (W005).

26. MBW Mins, 4 Dec 1874, p.637; 29 Jan 1875, p. 126: DSR 1874/315–6: POD: The Caterer and Hotel-Keeper's Gazette, 15 Aug 1917, p.254.

27. B, 8 April 1876, p.350: DSR 1876/174: MBW Mins, 26 May 1876, p.772: postcard in Brian Girling collection (W005).

28. Davis, pp.144–5: DSR 1851/58.

29. Architectural Magazine, vol. III, 1836, p.327.

30. The Times, 23, 24 May 1890, pp.5e, 10b; 3 June 1890, p.7e; 7 Nov 1890, p.4f: PRO, CRES 35/2601.

31. The Times, 25 Feb 1895, p.11e; 20 June 1895, p.7a: Daily Graphic, 20 June 1895, p.9: B, 22 June 1895, p.464.

32. Westminster City Council Mins, 15 Oct 1931, p.542; 22 Feb 1934, pp.97–8; 22 Oct 1964, pp.208, 231: The Times, 22 Oct 1964, p.24a; 23 Oct 1964, p. 17e; 30 Nov 1964, p.12d.

33. Pall Mall Gazette, 1 Dec 1899, p.10: MDR 1885/16/999; 1887/32/678–9; 1890/7/893; 1890/32/308–9; 1898/13/391.

34. WCA, Deed 85/99: MDR 1899/40/811: PRO, BT31/2672/14273; BT 31/31956/91284.

35. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/012546; GLC/AR/BR/23/027279: BN, 27 May 1898, p.744: DSR 1897/123; 1900/27; 1900/148; 1902/75: LCC Mins, 7 Oct 1902, p. 1344.

36. BN, 27 May 1898, p.744.

37. Pall Mall Gazette, 1 Dec 1899, p.10.

38. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/012546.

39. The Caterer and Hotel-Keeper's Gazette, 14 May 1910, p.211; 15 May 1911, p.213: MDR 1910/10/406: PRO, BT31/3510/21370; BT31/18494/98881; IR58/91030/679.

40. LCC Mins, 28 March 1911, pp.785–6: London at the Opening of the Twentieth Century, ed. W. T. Pike, 1905, p.490.

41. The Caterer and Hotel-Keeper's Gazette, 14 May 1910, p.211; 15 May 1911, p.213: NMR, photos BL 21890/1–8.

42. Information provided by Daniel Smith.

43. BN, 12 Sept 1884, p.424.

44. DSR 1876/135: MBW Mins, 22 Dec 1876, p.818: POD: RB.

45. MDR 1879/4/263: RB: DSR 1880/310: B, 18 Dec 1880, p. 740.

46. The Times, 4 Feb 1882, p. 4c: PRO, BT31/2637/13995: DSR 1882/216; 1882/371: B, 1 Sept 1883, p. 284.

47. ILN, 4 Nov 1882, p. 472: B, 1 Sept 1883, pp. 279, 284.

48. MDR 1884/2/523; 1884/6/1: B, 1 Sept 1883, p.284.

49. B, 1 Sept 1883, p. 284: BN, 12 Sept 1884, p. 424.

50. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/028; MBW 799, pp. 511–13, 593, 630–2, 659–61.

51. RB.

52. POD: DSR: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/028; MBW 802, p. 223: Westminster and Pimlico News, 28 April 1888, p. 5.

53. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/22/TP/025753; GLC/AR/BR/22/036230: WCA, Plan E <538>. XLII.

54. PRO, BT31/3271/19257: The Times, 12 Jan 1885, p. 10c: POD.

55. Except where otherwise indicated, the following account is based on – The Times, 20 Dec 1884, p. 10e; 10 Jan 1885, p. 6d; 12 Jan 1885, p. 10c: BN, 16 Jan 1885, pp. 77–8: Joan Bennett, 'Japan in London, 1885 – an unusual Victorian exhibition', in The Lady, 25 April 1985, pp. 862–3, 874.

56. BN, 30 Jan 1885, p. 189.

57. The Lady, 19 March 1885, p. 147: Leslie Baily, Gilbert & Sullivan and their world, 1973, p. 86.

58. Daily Telegraph, 11 April 1885 (advert): KLS, cutting No. 121, 712.5 KEN/H, K60/307.

59. The Times, 4 May 1885, p. 10f; 6 May 1885, p. 9f; 4 June 1885, p. 5c: LMA, MBW 799, pp. 276–7, 290, 337–9, 405–6.

60. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/028: The Standard, 9 April 1886, advertisement.

61. PRO, BT31/3271/19257; BT31/3804/23840: The Times, 13 April 1887, p.10d; 31 May 1887, p.8c: Bennett, op.cit., p.874.

62. Except where otherwise indicated, this account is based on — The Times, 20 May 1889, p. 10a: B, 15 June 1889, pp. 448–9: BN, 11 Oct 1889, p.484: Ben Weinreb and Christopher Hibbert (eds), The London Encyclopaedia, 1983, p.621.

63. POD: Walford, Old and New London, 1897 edn, vol N, pp.99–100: PRO, BT31/953/1285c.

64. PRO, BT31/4117/26476.

65. MDR 1889/35/380: WCA, rolled plan E<1779>: Denbighshire RO, DD/BK/94: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/07/2408.

66. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/06/046118.

67. Davis, p. 106: WCA, D.Foster, Inns, Taverns, Alehouses, Coffee Houses, Etc. In & Around London, c. 1900, vol. 53, p.317.

68. DSR 1851/144: Howard, op.cit., p.232: BN, 7 Sept 1866, p.602: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/028: Christopher Pulling, They were Singing …, 1952, p.178.

69. LMA, MBW 798, pp.719–23; MBW 799, pp.442, 484.

70. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/028; MBW 799, p.514; DSR; MBW 800, p.193: POD: Westminster and Pimlico News, 28 April 1888, p.5.

71. Archibald Haddon, The Story of the Music Hall, 1935, p.36: Pulling, op.cit., p.178: DNB.

72. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/19/028.

73. OS: POD: PRO, BT31/5767/40406: The Caterer and Hotel-Keeper's Gazette, 15 March 1905, p.114.

74. DSR 1918/41, 1921/95: Charles L.Roberson, Historical Rooms from the Manor Houses of England, vol.1 (n.d.), p.3, plan facing p.4.

75. Davis, pp.144–6: Chancellor, pp.19, 78–9: MDR 1724/4/260; 1726/6/175.

76. MDR 1784/1/558; 1784/2/404–5; 1784/3/464; 1784/4/102; 1785/5/289: R. Horwood, Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster …, 1792–9 edn.

77. LMA, MBO/Plans/446: DSR: MDR 1853/9/474; 1856/4/478–9: Annual Report of the United Vestry of the Parishes of St. Margaret and St John … 1899, pp. 15–16.

78. MDR 1737/3/214–26; 1738/2/260–2.

79. The Times, 20 March 1879, p.11b: CERC, Church Commissioners' file 46300: Vincent Orchard, Tattersalls, Two Hundred Years of Sporting History, 1953. p.304.

80. Davis, p.145.

81. RB: WCA, Acc.1188, bundle II.

82. KLS, MSS 3785, 3798: DNB: Davis, p.146.

83. Orchard, op.cit., pp.92–6 passim: RB: WCA, 1049/4/50, p.72; 1049/5/14, p.410.

84. Hermione Hobhouse, Thomas Cubitt, 1971, p.137: ILN, 19 Feb 1857, p.147: MDR 1857/5/527–8.

85. BN, 3 July 1863, p.509: B, 9 Jan 1864, p.31: ILN, 22 April 1865, p.382.

86. Illustrated Times, 22 April 1865, p.245: B, 24 July 1869, p.590.

87. Colvin, p.958: Sporting Review, April 1865, p.275.

88. Sporting Review, April 1865, p.275.

89. Penny Illustrated Paper, 2 July 1869, pp.6–7.

90. B, 9 Jan 1864, p.31: Illustrated Times, 22 April 1865, p.245.

91. Sporting Review, Feb 1865, p.84.

92. Survey of London, vol.XXXIV, 1966, p.342, Pl.45b.

93. B, 9 Jan 1864, p.31: Sporting Review, April 1865, p.277.

94. Sporting Review, April 1865, p.276: Illustrated Times, 15 April 1865, p.245.

95. Orchard, op.cit., pp.302–4: Peter Willett, The Story of Tattersalls, 1987, pp.91–2, 95: The Sphere, 12 June 1948, p.340.

96. WA, Register Book LXIII, ff. 134N–5: BAL Archives, PoFam/1/4, p.32: The Times, 20 Feb 1841, p.5e.

97. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 46300: The Architect, 30 Oct 1875, p.242: DSR 1875/443.

98. CERC, National Society file no.5755: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/23/ 027279; GLC/AR/BR/22/032227.

99. MDR 1844/10/497: POD: LMA, WCS/P44/1457.

100. RB: DSR: MDR 1847/4/424; 1848/9/897: POD.

101. DSR: RB: MDR 1849/4/785.

102. DSR: WCA, E3998: RB: MDR 1847/4/424; 1854/1/338–75.

103. Censuses (1851–61).

104. LMA, MR/LMD/1862/3/57.

105. Westminster City Council Mins.

106. (Sir) Philip Gibbs, Young Anarchy, 1926, p.136.

107. The Knightsbridge Item, Christmas 1962, p.36.

108. Account based on — Official Architecture and Planning, Feb 1959, pp.82–3: AR, Dec 1959, pp.332–6: B, 23 March 1962, p.623; 29 Oct 1965, p.947: Architect & Building News, 21 March 1962, p.407; 17 April 1963, p.573: The Knightsbridge Item, Christmas 1962, pp.35–7: The Times, 17 Jan 1959, pp.3e, 14 (ill.): LCC Mins, 1956–65: GLC Mins, 2 Nov 1965, pp.708–9.

109. Architect & Building News, 5 April 1956, p.331: B, 4 May 1956, p.454; 14 Nov 1958, p.817;3 Aug 1962, p.218.

110. LMA, LCC/MIN/11787, 17 Jan 1957: PRO, MT78/131.

111. B, 14 Nov 1958, p.817.

112. AR, Jan 1957, p.28: B, 16 May 1958, pp.903–5.

113. Survey of London, vol.XLI, 1983, pp.35–6.

114. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/06/046118; GLC/AR/BR/22/TP/ 025753: The Times, 17 Feb 1969, p.13.

115. Daily Telegraph, 8 July 1986, p.21; 19 May 1997, p.26.

CHAPTER V (pp.95–106)

Trevor Square Area

1. RB.

2. BAL Archives, PoFam/1/3, p.1.

3. Denbighshire RO, DD/BK/101, marriage settlement of Anna Maria Brace, 1713: MDR 1715/2/163.

4. MDR 1719/5/202–4.

5. PRO, PROB11/699, f.247: Gentleman's Magazine, Jan 1759, p.46.

6. GEC.

7. Survey of London, vol.XXXV, 1970, p.5: Ian Donaldson, Theatre Notebook, XVI, 1962, pp.117–25: Dorothy Stroud, Henry Holland, His Life and Architecture, 1966, pp.123–4: Folger Shakespeare Library, manuscript W.B. 104.

8. The World, 25 April 1794.

9. RB.

10. BAL Archives, PoFam/1/3, pp.2, 5: RB.

11. RB: Gentleman's Magazine, Jan 1802, p.92.

12. BAL Archives, PoFam/1/2, pp.47–8; PoFam/1/3, p.2.

13. Ibid., PoFam/1/3, p. 1: Denbighshire RO, DD/BK/92: RB.

14. BAL Archives, PoFam/1/2, p.2.

15. RB: MDR 1813/3/131; 1814/7/176; 1815/3/371–7; 1819/2/177; 1819/5/344.

16. Denbighshire RO, DD/BK/109: RB.

17. BAL Archives, PoFam/1/2, p.48: RB.

18. MDR 1819/2/177; 1819/5/344.

19. LMA, WCS/P/15/496; WCS/P/28/890.

20. RB: POD.

21. PRO, IR58/91032/764–6: B, 28 Aug 1914, p.218.

22. POD.

23. BAL Archives, PoFam/1/3, p.18; PoFam/1/5, p.17.

24. MDR 1816/6/557.

25. MDR 1820/2/326; 1820/3/54; 1820/4/449; 1821/1/136; 1821/ 2/216; 1821/3/741; 1823/1/121.

26. RB.

27. MDR 1820/8/234: Denbighshire RO, DD/BK/109.

28. RB.

29. MDR 1825/11/282; 1825/9/545; 1825/13/542; 1826/4/716; 1826/9/86; 1826/10/541: Denbighshire RO, DD/BK/109.

30. RB.

31. Ibid.

32. MDR 1821/3/30; 1821/3/742; 1821/6/737; 1821/7/181; 1821/8/49; 1821/8/134–5; 1822/1/648: Denbighshire RO, DD/BK/109.

33. MDR 1821/6/380; 1822/1/645–6.

34. MDR 1821/4/655; 1822/1/647: RB.

35. The Times, 8 July 1909, p. 13c.

36. PRO, IR58/91048/1513.

37. The Independent, 9 March 1991, p.37: date on rainwater head.

38. LMA, 0/105/9: RB: MDR 1814/1/592–3, 685.

39. MDR 1816/6/557: PRO, C54/9822(18): Rev. John Kennedy, Service and Suffering: memoirs of the life of the Rev. John Morison DD LLD, 1860, pp.60, 63.

40. Evangelical Magazine, Dec 1840, p.608: Kennedy, op.cit., pp. 69–70.

41. Harrods Archive photograph: B, 22 July 1865, p.531.

42. Harrods Archive, Harrods Illustrated, 1902 General Price List; letters in possession of Harrods: Nikolaus Pevsner, The Buildings of England: London except the Cities of London and Westminster, 1952, p.250.

43. Date-stone on building.

44. Denbighshire RO, DD/BK/109.

45. WBC.

46. Diana Howard, London Theatres and Music Halls 1850–1950, 1970, p.244.

47. LMA, AR/BR/19/08; LCC/MIN/10879, Session of Licensing Committee, 11 Oct 1894 (transcript of shorthand notes, pp.39–40): MDR 1890/11/754; 1892/23/867, 1892/36/225, 1892/37/119.

48. PRO, IR58/91032/767: LCC Mins, 26 Jan 1892, p.54: Household Cavalry Museum, volume of plans dated 3 May 1911.

49. Denbighshire RO, DD/BK/109: MDR 1827/10/98.

50. Denbighshire RO, DD/BK/109: RB.

51. BAL Archives, PoFam/1/2, p.48; PoFam/1/5, p.8.

52. Roy Jenkins, Sir Charles Dilke: A Victorian Tragedy, 1958, pp.316, 333–6, 340–1: David Nicholls, The Lost Prime Minister: A Life of Sir Charles Dilke, 1995, pp. 189, 192.

53. Westminster Times, 10 Oct 1890, p.2: The Times, 8 July 1909, p.13c.

54. B, 15 Oct 1910, pp. xvi, 444; 2 June 1911, pp.684–7.

55. Harrods Archive, Minute Book No.5, pp.27, 29–30, 32–33; typescript paper stamped 11 Jan 1917.

56. Information provided by David C.Humphreys, and Michael Duncan of W.A. Ellis.

57. LMA, AR/BR/17/040352: Harrods Archive, Contractors' bills; Minute Book No.5, p. 117; Minute Book No. 6, p.311.

58. NAL, II. RC.H.10, Robert Barnes, 'Papers in connection with the Early FLOOR CLOTH MANUFACTURE', MS scrapbook, 1857, p. 27.

59. Ian Bristow, '"They will look very well": Painted Floorcloths in the 18th Century', in SPAB News, vol. 11, NO.2, 1990, pp. 11–13.

60. Patent No.787, 15 March 1763.

61. NAL, II.RC. H. 10, Robert Barnes, 'Papers …', p.18.

62. RB.

63. MDR 1785/2/458; 1825/7/543.

64. The Times, 13 Feb 1794, p.3: The World, 14 Feb 1794: Gentleman's Magazine, Feb 1794, p. 176: RB.

65. Colvin, p.701.

66. BAL Archives, PoFam/1/3, p.2.

67. GL, extra-illustrated copy of D.Lysons, The Environs of London, 1792, vol.2, Part 1, f.338: BAL Archives, PoFam/1/3, pp.2–3.

68. RB.

69. Patent 2271, 20 Nov 1798.

70. NAL, 11. RC.H.10, Robert Barnes, 'Papers …', p.42.

71. MDR 1824/8/761.

72. RB: Censuses (1851–81).

73. BAL, Scrapbook compiled by W. W. Pocock, f.5r.

74. NAL, II. RC.H.10, Robert Barnes, 'Papers …', p.43 (Smith & Baber bill-head of 1822).

75. RB.

76. Census (1851).

77. e.g. George Dodd, Days at the Factories, 1843, pp.281–302.

78. Denbighshire RO, DD/BK/94, building agreement of 16 Dec 1889.

79. LMA, LCC/MIN/10879: PRO, BT31/5767/40406.

80. LMA, AR/BR/19/265.

81. LMA, LCC/MIN/10879; AR/BR/19/265: PRO, BT31/5767/ 40406.

82. LMA, AR/BR/19/265; LCC/MIN/10880: PRO, IR58/91032/ 772: Barbara Denny, Kensington in old photographs, 1974, Pl. 108: LMA, photo 73/8203.

83. LMA, AR/BR/19/265; LCC/MIN/10880.

84. Illustrated in Lisa Tickner, The Spectacle of Women, 1987, pp.32–3.

85. POD.

CHAPTER VI (pp. 107–127)

Montpelier Square Area

1. CERC, Ground Rents Purchases 26, abstract of title of T. W. Marriott.

2. Patricia S.Wolfston, 'Richard Marryott & Finchingfield', in Essex Journal, Spring 1980, pp.22–9.

3. LMA, WCS/P/19/619; WCS/179, p. 117.

4. MDR 1826/9/507.

5. MDR 1827/10/98.

6. GL, MS 8733/9, pp. 128–9.

7. CERC, Ground Rents Purchases 26, abstract of title of T.W.Marriott.

8. Information in the case of Marriott v. Cobbett (PRO, J15/1853; J54/532; J57/4293) provided by Dr A.E.L.Davis.

9. WCA, Westminster District Board of Works Letter Books E2757, pp.346, 348; E2758, p.20.

10. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/22/036413.

11. CERC, Ground Rents Sales 1268.

12. Arthur and Cynthia Koestler, Stranger on the Square, ed. Harold Harris, 1984, p.151.

13. MBW Mins, 28 June 1867, p.822.

14. POD.

15. Ibid: MDR 1828/7/84.

16. POD: Census (1851).

17. See Survey of London, vol. XXXVII, 1973, Chapter XII.

18. MDR 1826/8/587–90; 1832/4/790.

19. MDR 1826/10/514–15; 1827/1/4–5; 1827/2/417.

20. RB.

21. Kent's London Directory, 1825.

22. Sale particulars in WCA, Acc.964.

23. MDR 1828/10/995.

24. Census (1891).

25. Koestler and Koestler, op.cit., pp.151–2, 184, 206.

26. RB: POD: Censuses (1851–61): DNB.

27. Paul Mellon Foundation for British Art, List of A & B artists who resided in Westminster (in WCA).

28. e.g. MBW Mins, 8 March 1878, p.401: LCC Mins, 27 Sept 1892, p.795.

29. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 1619.

30. MDR 1827/5/54: RB.

31. Frederic Boase, Modern English Biography, 1965 edn, vol.11, p.274.

32. RB.

33. Census (1851).

34. RB: MDR 1828/5/143.

35. MDR 1832/4/257.

36. MDR 1838/7/313.

37. MDR 1838/7/314.

38. WCA, WDP 2/570.

39. MDR 1840/8/727.

40. LCC Mins, 24 Feb 1891, p.223.

41. RB: DSR: MDR 1848/4/840; 1849/2/722.

42. DSR.

43. RB.

44. CERC, Ground Rents Purchases 26, abstracts of deeds: MDR 1846/11/109; 1846/10/358.

45. CERC, Ground Rents Sales 1619.

46. MBW Mins, 17 May 1861, p.364.

47. WCA, WDP 2/570: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/068566: PRO, IR58/91036/947.

48. DSR: RB.

49. LCC Mins, 3 June 1913, p.1251.

50. Alan Gauld, The Founders of Psychical Research, 1968, p. 162.

51. POD: Census (1891).

52. MDR 1826/10/603–4.

53. PRO, IR58/91036/937: DSR: CERC, Ground Rents Sales 223.

54. POD: Chancellor, p.88.

55. MDR 1845/8/11; 1845/9/510–16: RB: DSR.

56. Census (1891).

57. Philip Henderson, William Morris: his life, work and friends, 1986 edn, pp.32–8.

58. LMA, WCS/69, 16 March 1827, p.446.

59. MDR 1838/7/313–14.

60. MDR 1842/7/405; 1843/2/188–92: RB.

61. LCC Mins, 3 May 1904, p.719: information provided by Mrs J. Virgin.

62. Censuses (1851–91): POD.

63. WCA, WDP2/569: 'At Home with the Pringles', in Harper's Bazaar, April 1968.

64. MBW Mins, 7 May 1858, p.324; 28 May 1858, pp.373–4; 4 June 1858, pp. 385–6.

65. Census (1851): RB: DSR.

66. WCA, WDP2/570.

67. Censuses (1841, 1851): POD: RB.

68. Census (1851).

69. Daily Telegraph, 24 May 1867, p.4.

70. MBW Mins, 10 Dec 1875, p.664: LMA, MBW 776, report by the Superintending Architect, 5 Feb 1876.

71. LMA, LCC/MIN/1563, case no. 168.

72. RB: Censuses (1861–81).

73. John Galsworthy, The Man of Property, 1906.

74. Censuses (1881, 1891).

75. LMA, LCC/MIN/10879.

76. CERC, Ground Rents Purchases 26.

77. (Sir) Philip Gibbs, The Reckless Lady, 1924.

78. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/068566.

79. Time, 15 April 1966, p.32: map reproduced in Robert Hewison, Too Much: Art and Society in the Sixties, 1986.

80. RB.

81. Censuses (1841–51).

82. CERC, abstracts of deeds in Ground Rents Purchases 26: RB.

83. POD: Census (1891).

84. LCC Mins, 17 Oct 1899, p. 1390.

85. CERC, Ground Rents Sales 223.

86. DSR: POD.

87. Michael Elliman and Frederick Roll, The Pink Plaque Guide to London, 1986, pp.202–3.

88. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/068338.

89. CERC, Ground Rents Sales 223.

90. WBC.

91. Ibid: WCA, WDP2/571.

92. MBW Mins, 6 June 1862, p.421.

93. MDR 1827/2/417; 1828/7/618–19.

94. MDR 1832/4/257; 1838/7/313: RB.

95. MDR 1828/3/640; 1836/1/291–2.

96. CERC, Ground Rents Purchases 26: RB: MDR 1839/9/209; 1840/8/981; 1842/7/405; 1842/8/736.

97. RB: MDR 1830/3/177; 1839/9/209.

98. WCA. Acc.964.

99. DSR: RB.

100. MDR 1848/7/345.

101. CERC, Ground Rents Purchases 26: MDR 1846/1/382; 1848/7/87; 1849/5/356–9.

102. Illustrated in John Sambrook, Fanlights, 1989, p.79.

103. Censuses (1861–91): PRO, IR58/91046/1454–63.

104. Census (1891): LCC Mins, 17 Oct 1899, p.1390: POD.

105. CERC, Ground Rents Sales 867: WCA, WDP2/818.

106. WCA, WDP2/818: BAL, Drawings Collection, RAN 8/M/8(2): information provided by Mrs Ludmilla Mathias.

107. Michael Baker, Our Three Selves: a life of Radclyffe Hall, 1985, pp. 142–3, 166.

108. MDR 1828/8/276–7, 355.

109. MDR 1828–42.

110. RB: Censuses (1841–91).

111. PRO, MEPO 5/3.

112. WCA, WDP2/569.

113. Elliman and Roll, op.cit., pp.54–5.

114. WCA, WDP2/569: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/06/060151.

115. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/06/59846.

116. WCA, WDP2/569.

117. WCA, WDP2/571.

118. MDR 1830/5/221: WCA, WDP2/569.

119. RB: MDR 1828–31.

120. Philip Sugden, The Complete History of Jack the Ripper, 1994, p.77.

121. Censuses (1841–91): POD.

122. RB: PRO, MEPO 5/3: Census (1851).

123. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/06/059536: WCA, WDP2/546.

124. WCA, WDP2/546.

125. WCA, WDP2/569.

126. WCA, WDP2/546.

127. POD.

128. WCA, WDP2/546: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/22/036413.

129. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/22/036413.

130. DSR: RB.

131. WCA, WDP2/546: PRO, IR58/91017/2.

132. Censuses (1861–91).

133. MBW Mins, 9 Oct 1874, p.364.

134. MDR 1828/2/114; 1829/2/767: Census (1851).

135. WCA, WDP2/756: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/06/060125.

136. WCA, WDP2/756: POD.

137. MDR 1827/10/703; 1837/7/379; 1840/9/42–3.

138. Report by Medical Officer of Health, 10 Nov 1911, copy in WCA, WDP2/1135.

139. WCA, WDP2/1135: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/6/55271.

140. Ibid: Principal Probate Registry, will of Ethel Snagge.

141. WCA, WDP2/1135.

142. Ibid: PRO, IR 58/91033/828.

143. MDR 1826/2/464; 1827/3/315–6; 1828/4/461; 1830/7/470.

144. WBC: WCA, WDP2/343.

145. WCA, WDP2/343.

146. Based on account in booklet Deutsche Evangelische Christuskirche, n.d., published by the church.

147. History of the King's Works, vol. v, pp. 253–4.

148. PRO, LC1/735.

149. Ibid.

150. Daily News, 21 Oct 1901, p. 5.

151. PRO, LC1/735.

152. Deutsche Evangelische Christuskirche.

153. LCC Mins, 12–13 Oct 1909, p.561; 24 Jan 1911, p.58: City and Hackney Health Authority Archives, Ha62/11, German Hospital Board of Management Minutes, 1908–13.

154. BAL, Drawings Collection, W5/2.

155. LCC Mins, 13 Oct 1903, p.1529: The Times, 28 Nov 1904, p. 9f: B, 10 Dec 1904, p. 611.

156. LCC Mins, 17 Nov 1903, p. 1827; 22 Dec 1903, p. 2119.

157. David Braithwaite, Building in the Blood: the story of Dove Brothers of Islington 1781–1981, 1981, p. 129.

158. Date-stone: B, 10 Dec 1904, p. 611: The Times, 28 Nov 1904, p. 9f.

159. PRO, IR58/91017/2.

160. Deutsche Evangelische Christuskirche: BN, 1 Sept 1905, p. 290.

CHAPTER VII (pp. 128–142)

Rutland Gardens and South Lodge

1. Joshua Rhodes, A Topographical Survey of the Parish of Kensington, 1766.

2. MDR 1773/2/350: RB.

3. MDR 1797/4/266.

4. WCA, Acc. 879: MDR 1862/11/520.

5. MDR 1862/11/450: Title deeds of Rutland House.

6. MDR 1862/11/450; 1864/11/627; 1866/19/693.

7. MBW Mins, 5 Aug 1870, p. 227; 10 March 1871, pp. 41–2; 28 April 1871, p. 613: B, 18 May 1872, p. 393.

8. MDR 1874/19/333.

9. B, 11 May 1872, p. 373; 7 March 1874, p. 206.

10. Davis, p. 107: DNB.

11. Census (1851).

12. WCA, Acc. 262; Acc. 879: MDR 1862/11/520: Census (1861): POD.

13. B, 24 May 1862, p. 378: Cluttons, Cluttons 1765–1965, 1965.

14. MDR 1871/18/992: WCA, Acc. 262.

15. Census (1871): RIBA, Directory of British Architects 1834–1900, 1993.

16. WCA, Acc. 262.

17. Ibid: Title deeds of Rutland House.

18. NMR, Bedford Lemere day-book, Nos 13835–6: LMA, LCC/MIN/10879.

19. PRO, IR58/91026/468.

20.V&A, Prints & Drawings, Acc.no.E810–1981, design by J.G.Crace: The King, 12 July 1902, p. 778: WCA, Acc. 262.

21. The King, 12 July 1902, p. 774.

22. WCA, WDP2/489.

23. WCA, WDP2/479: Royal Academy of Dancing, The New Home of the Royal Academy of Dancing, brochure, c. 1968.

24. The King, 12 July 1902, p. 774.

25. Ibid., p. 778.

26. Ibid.

27. Gwent RO, D. 361. F1.1.1.

28. Lord Montagu of Beaulieu, Rolls of Rolls-Royce, 1966, p. 30.

29. Westminster City Council Mins, 16 July 1963, pp. 514–15.

30. Royal Academy of Dancing Gazette, Feb 1968, p. 1.

31. Dance Gazette, 1972, No. 2, p.8.

32. DSR 1882/59–62, 214: WCA, Acc. 262: PRO, IR58/91043/1320–3.

33. OS 1894–6, 1906.

34. WCA, WDP2/754.

35. B, 11 Nov 1871, p. 896: DSR 1872/71–2: MBW Mins, 13 Oct 1871, p. 352; 9 April 1873, p. 481; 2 May 1873, p. 541.

36. PRO, IR58/91032/774–5: POD: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/06/052347.

37. WBC.

38. Interior Design, Nov 1980, pp. 39–41.

39. DNB: Mollie Gillen, The Prince and His Lady, 1970, p. 120: RB.

40. MDR 1796/3/573: RB: The Observer, 2 Dec 1798.

41. MDR 1811/7/761; 1831/3/103.

42. The Times, 10 March 1808, p. 4c: The Star, 11 July 1808, p. 4.

43. MDR 1831/5/403.

44. POD.

45. The Times, 26 June 1870, p. 7e.

46. This account of Lady Ashburton and the building of Kent House draws on the following sources — Letters addressed to Lady Ashburton, principally from John Forster and Harriet Hosmer, in the Baring Collection now in the National Library of Scotland: Virginia Surtees, The Ludovisi Goddess: The Life of Louisa Lady Ashburton, 1984: Dolly Sherwood, Harriet Hosmer: American Sculptor, 1830–1908, 1991: and Debenham, Tewson, Richardson & Co., Kent House, Knightsbridge, sale particulars of Nov 1907 (copy in NMR).

47. B, 18 Nov 1871, p. 915.

48. DSR 1872/134: Title deeds of Rutland House: B, 18 May 1872, p. 393.

49. Surtees, op.cit., p. 165: Baring Collection, John Forster to Lady Ashburton, 29 Sept 1873.

50. Surtees, op.cit., pp. 164–5.

51. Baring Collection, Harriet Hosmer to Lady Ashburton, n.d.

52. Surtees, op.cit., p. 164.

53. The Times, 31 Oct 1872, p. 8c.

54. Title deeds of Rutland House, conveyance of 29 Sept 1902.

55. Baring Collection, John Forster to Lady Ashburton, 4, 29 April 1873.

56. Ibid., John Forster to Lady Ashburton, 4 April 1873: Surtees, op.cit., pp. 171, 177.

57. Surtees. op.cit., p. 157: Baring Collection, G.F.Watts to Lady Ashburton, 3 June 1874: Augustus Hare, The Story of My Life, 1900, vol. IV, p. 329.

58. V&A, Prints & Drawings, Collmann drawings, pm Q. 11. a.

59. Baring Collection, John Forster to Lady Ashburton, 4 April 1873.

60. Ibid., John Forster to Lady Ashburton, 17 Feb 1878.

61. The Diaries of Cynthia Gladwyn, ed. Miles Jebb, 1995, p. 121n.

62. Country Life, 1 Nov 1913, Architectural Supplement.

63. Humphrey Noble, Life in Noble Houses, 1967, p. 97, Pl. IX: Country Life, 1 Nov 1913, Architectural Supplement.

64. Information provided by Lord Gladwyn.

65. Ibid.

66. Ibid: Noble, op.cit., p.98, Pl.x.

67. The Czech Memorial Scrolls Centre: A Historical Account, ed. Phillipa Bernard, 1988, p. 38: The Times, 15 Dec 1959, p. 7c.

68. B, 10 Aug 1872, p. 635.

69. Title deeds of Rutland House: WBC.

70. BAL, Drawings Collection, Lut 159: Correspondence in Charleton House Papers (copies held by Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland).

71. Hampton & Sons' sale particulars, in possession of Rutland Trust plc.

72. DSR 1902/125: PRO, IR58/91043/1317.

73. Title deeds of Rutland House: copies of annotated photographs in Charleton House Papers (RCAHMS D10318).

74. MDR 1878/18/342: Title deeds of Rutland House: B, 13 July 1872, p. 554: DSR 1872/317.

75. MDR 1879/8/290; 1880/5/502.

76. POD.

77. Robert Samuel Badal, 'Kate and Ellen Bateman: A Study in Precocity', thesis submitted to Northwestern University, USA, 1971, p.4 (copy in Theatre Museum).

78. Ibid., p. 38: The Times, 24 March 1875, p. 8c.

79. DSR 1879/284: WCA, WDP2/754.

80. DSR 1873/225.

81. Baring Collection, John Forster to Lady Ashburton, 14 May 1873; Harriet Hosmer to Lady Ashburton, n.d.

82. PRO, IR58/91043/1320: WCA, WDP2/754: WBC.

83. WBC.

84. MDR 1771/6/262.

85. John Harris, Sir William Chambers, 1970, p. 223: DNB.

86. Chancellor, p. 182: DNB.

87. Life of John, Lord Campbell, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, ed. Hon. Mrs Hardcastle, 1881, pp. 170–2.

88. Ibid., pp. 306–7.

89. B, 24 Oct 1868, p. 776.

90. DNB: Companies House file 30306.

91. Kylemore Abbey, An Historic Essay (booklet provided by the Abbey, n.d.).

92. Principal Probate Registry, will of Mitchell Henry.

93. B, 18 March 1899, p. 282; 7 Sept 1901, p. 210.

94. B, 23 June 1900, p. 622; 7 Sept 1901, p. 210; 14 Sept 1901, p. 237.

95. MDR 1902/25/721: PRO, IR58/91043/1324.

96. BN, 21 Aug 1903, p.239; 28 Aug 1903, p.293.

97. LCC Mins, 28 Oct 1902, p. 1563; 18 Nov 1902, p. 1692.

CHAPTER VIII (pp.143–156)

Rutland Gate

1. KLS, MSS 2778, 2799–2800: WCA, Acc.1188.

2. WCA, Acc.1188, abstract of title.

3. Ibid.

4. Belvoir Castle Muniments, Acc.no.633.

5. V&A, Prints & Drawings, 6821/4.

6. PRO, PROB11/1054.

7. RB: PRO, C13/2627/1; PROB11/1524: T.Faulkner, History and Antiquities of Kensington, 1820, p.445.

8. GL, sale catalogues 105.

9. WCA, Acc. 1188, valuation, April 1837.

10. WCA, Acc. 1188(11).

11. LMA, WCS/P28/890.

12. LMA, WCS/P35/1082.

13. WCA, Acc. 1188(11).

14. MDR 1837/8/755–7; 1840/1/404–9.

15. GL, MSS 8733/9, pp. 84–5, 92, 98–9, 105; 8733/10, pp.24–5, 64.

16. WCA, Acc. 1188(1): RB.

17. POD: Census (1841).

18. RB.

19. Neil Rhind, Blackheath Village and Environs 1790–1970, vol.2, 1983.

20. WCA, Acc. 1188(11): MDR 1837/8/686–9.

21. WCA, Acc. 1188(1).

22. MDR 1838/5/165–70.

23. MDR 1838/7/742.

24. GL, MSS 8733/10, p.439; 8733/11, pp.8, 153–4, 158.

25. RB.

26. MDR 1842/3/840.

27. RB: MDR 1840/7/9: WCA, Acc. 1188(11), articles of agreement 4 Jan 1841.

28. MDR 1841/4/644.

29. LMA, WCS/P41/1329: WCA, Acc. 1188(111).

30. WCA, Acc. 1188(1).

31. PRO, WORK 16/353.

32. WBC.

33. Evening Standard, 1 Aug 1990, p.23: WBC.

34. MDR 1841/7/280: RB.

35. MDR 1845/9/291–2.

36. DSR 1846/183: CERC, Church Commissioners' file 15834/2: MDR 1848/4/82: RB.

37. Leslie Field, '26 Rutland Gate' (typescript), 1971.

38. MDR 1842/7/205–6: LMA, WCS/P41/1329: RB.

39. DSR 1847/140, 157; 1848/183–4.

40. Annotation by Cresy in copy of his wife's translation of Milizia's Lives of Celebrated Architects, 1826, vol.1, facing p.liv, in BAL (reference provided by Diana Burfield).

41. e.g. MDR 1838/5/156; 1838/7/742; 1840/1/404; 1841/7/280.

42. RB: MDR 1840/7/9: The Times, 6 May 1852, p.16f: PRO, IR58/91045/1371.

43. The Times, 6 May 1852, p.16f.

44. MDR 1843/2/495.

45. L.Grüner, I Mosaici della Cupola nella Cappella Chigiana di S. Maria del Popolo in Roma, 1839.

46. The Times, 6 May 1852, p.16f.

47. Ibid.

48. Davis, p. 178: The Athenaeum, 1 May 1852, p.475: MDR 1853/9/139.

49. POD: GEC: PRO, IR58/91045/1371.

50. CERC, Ground Rents Sale, bundle No.223: WCA, WDP2/754: DSR 1914/48: PRO, IR58/91045/1371.

51. WCA, WDP2/754; WDP2R/309: CERC, Ground Rents Sales, bundle No. 223: DSR 1916/111.

52. POD: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/68338.

53. WCA, Acc. 1188, articles of agreement, 25 March 1841: RB: MDR 1847/12/43.

54. Martin Royalton-Kisch, 'John Sheepshanks (1787–1863) and his Dutch and Flemish Etchings', Landmarks in Print Collecting: Connoisseurs and Donors at the British Museum since 1753, ed. Antony Griffiths, 1996, p.73.

55. WCA, Acc. 1188, articles of agreement, 25 March 1841.

56. Gustav Waagen, Treasures of Art in Great Britain, 1854, vol.II, pp.299–307.

57. Censuses (1851–71).

58. RB.

59. Ethel M.Richardson, The Story of All Saints Ennismore Gardens (Knightsbridge), n.d. [c. 1935], pp.35–6.

60. DSR 1899/37.

61. PRO, IR58/81046/1424.

62. WCA, Acc. 1188, draft articles of agreement, 20 March 1851: DSR: MDR 1853/18/186.

63. RB: MBW Mins, 25 Sept 1857, p. 702; 12 Feb 1858, p. 154: A.M.W.Stirling, Victorian Sidelights, 1954, p.209.

64. RB: POD: Survey of London, vol.XLII, 1986, p. 142.

65. Land & Building News, 20 Dec 1856, p.945.

66. WCA, Acc. 1188.

67. PRO, IR58/91046/1411: NMR, Bedford Lemere day-books.

68. DSR 1919/85: Academy Architecture, vol.52, 1921, pp.18–19.

69. House and Garden, Nov 1920, pp.9, 25, 28.

70. WBC.

71. Ibid.

72. Ibid.

73. 35th Annual Report of The Knightsbridge Issociation, Dec 1996, p.27.

74. WCA, Westminster City Council News Bulletin dated 11 May 1971: The Times, 12 May 1971, p.3d: Daily Telegraph, 24 Feb 1972, p. 13.

75. Sale brochure, c. 1978: The Living History of Westminster, ed. Gillian Darley and Ian Lacey, 1985, pp.50–1.

76. John Winter, 'YRM, where are they now?', in Alan Powers, In the Line of Development: FRS Yorke, E Rosenberg and CS Mardall to YRM, 1930–1992, 1992.

77. Building, 25 Oct 1985, p. 11: WBC.

78. LMA, GLC/BR/AR/06/060326.

79. Domus, April 1992, pp.60–5: WBC.

80. The Independent, 19 Feb 1994, p.30: WBC.

81. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/68338: WCA, WDP2/754.

82. WBC.

83. Architect & Building News, 23 March 1934, p.370.

84. This account is based on — Brick Builder, March 1937, pp.37–8: Architect & Building News, 12 Feb 1937, pp.196, 203–7: AJ, 22 April 1937, pp.702–5, 709.

85. MDR 1845/9/291–2.

86. DSR 1914/47.

87. Jessica Mitford, Hons and Rebels, 1960, pp.42–3: Leslie Field, '26 Rutland Gate' (typescript), 1971.

88. WBC: advert in House and Garden, Feb 1994.

89. Principal Probate Registry, will of John Elger, 1888.

90. POD: WBC.

91. WBC: B, 1 May 1936, p.890: BAL Archives, GoIER/249/8: WCA, WDP2/571.

CHAPTER IX (pp.157–190)

The Kingston House Estate

1. WA, WAM 16459: CERC, Church Commissioners' file 292078: WCA, Acc. 943/2.

2. WA, WAM 16461: CERC, Church Commissioners' file 292078: WCA, Acc.943/2: MDR 1760/2/154.

3. WCA, Acc. 943/2, 3.

4. WCA, Acc.943/2.

5. MDR 1813/4/46–7, 291–2: WCA, Acc.943/2: CERC, Church Commissioners' file 15834/1.

6. WCA, Acc.943/2, bundle 1.

7. Principal Probate Registry, will of 4th Earl of Listowel.

8. Information provided by W.T.S.Digby-Seymour, and Alan Flint of Cluttons Daniel Smith.

9. Unless otherwise indicated, the following paragraphs are based largely on Country Life, 20 March 1937, pp.300–5: Architect & Building News (Supplement), 1 Oct 1937; 8 Oct 1937: RB.

10. DNB.

11. Ibid.

12. The World, 10 Dec 1790: PRO, WORK 16/661: Chancellor, p.194.

13. WCA, Acc. 943/2: MDR 1813/4/291–2: Thomas Faulkner, History and Antiquities of Kensington, 1820, p.445.

14. Joshua Rhodes, A Topographical Survey of the Parish of Kensington, 1766.

15. Colvin, pp.367, 369.

16. Rhodes, op.cit: National Library of Wales, Peniarth MS 418D, ff.79–116.

17. Diary of Count Kilmansegge, quoted in Chancellor, pp. 184–5.

18. Faulkner, op.cit., p.445.

19. Davis, p.164.

20. Faulkner, op.cit., pp.445–9: Gustav Waagen, Treasures of Art in Great Britain, 1854, vol.ii, pp.311–12.

21. B, 8 April 1843, p.112: GEC: WCA, Acc.943/2/1; Acc. 1004, Box 7.

22. Country Life, 20 March 1937, p.300: Architect & Building News (Supplement), 1 Oct 1937; 8 Oct 1937.

23. PRO, PROB 11/1883, ff.87r–88r: MDR 1855/9/187; 1855/10/548.

24. Survey of London, vol. xxxix, 1977, p.131; vol.xl, 1980, pp.186, 247, 285, 336.

25. WCA, Acc.943/4: The Times, 18 July 1851, p.8e.

26. PRO, RAIL733/1–3, 16 Aug 1836, 11 Nov 1840: WCA, Acc.943/4.

27. WCA, Acc.943/4: LMA, WCS/P41/1329.

28. B, 8 April 1843, p. 112.

29. WCA, Acc.943/2: LMA, WCS/P45/1496: MDR 1845/6/167: BAL, Drawings Collection, U12/14/1–2; U12/16/1–2.

30. WCA, Acc. 1004/7; Acc.943/4c: MDR 1845/6/167.

31. PRO, WORK16/36/2.

32. LMA, WCS/P41/1329; WCS/P45/1496; MBO/plans/61–2: MDR 1845/6/167: PRO, WORK 16/441.

33. PP 1852 (1453), xxvi.275, Report of the Commissioners Appointed to Inquire into the Cost and Applicability of the Exhibition Building in Hyde Park, 12 Feb 1852, p.31.

34. DSR 1846/175; 1847/24.

35. RB: POD.

36. Account based on — PRO, CRES38/1535; WORK 16/36/2; WORK 16/441: B, 25July 1846, p.353: Davis, p.163.

37. PRO, WORK 16/36/2.

38. DSR: MDR 1848/5/940, etc.

39. DSR 1848/226–9; 1849/36–42: MDR 1849/10/889–99.

40. B, 15 Feb 1851, p.93.

41. The Times, 18 July 1851, p.8d.

42. PP 1852 (1453), xxvi. 275, Report… into the Cost and Applicability of the Exhibition Building in Hyde Park, 12 Feb 1852, pp.31–3.

43. RB: MDR 1852/10/848; 1852/11/381, 639; 1852/16/478.

44. BAL, Drawings Collection, U12/16(1): MDR 1847/11/494.

45. MDR 1847/11/494.

46. MDR.

47. Ibid: RB: POD: Census (1851).

48. DSR: MDR: RB: POD.

49. WCA, Acc.943/4.

50. WCA, Acc.943/2.

51. Survey of London, vol. xli, 1983, p.45: B, 21 Jan 1854, p.30.

52. Censuses (1841–51): RB.

53. BAL, Drawings Collection, U12/14–16.

54. B, 8 Jan 1848, p.24.

55. Leigh Hunt, The Old Court Suburb, 3rd edn [c.1860], pp.14–15.

56. Civil Engineer and Architect's Journal, 26 July 1851, pp.402–3.

57. Ibid., 26 July 1851, p.402; 9 Aug 1851, p.426: postcard in Brian Girling collection (116D): NMR, photo BB46/02330.

58. BAL, Drawings Collection, U12/14(3–4); U12/15(3–13).

59. PP 1852 (1453), xxvi. 275, Report… into the Cost and Applicability of the Exhibition Building in Hyde Park, 12 Feb 1852, p.32.

60. Ibid., p.33.

61. WBC: PRO, IR58/91020/164–90.

62. WBC: PRO, IR58/91020, 91040.

63. The Gentlewoman, 29 July 1893, pp. 137–8: DNB.

64. DSR: RB: MDR 1848/5/940, etc.

65. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/06/058950: WCA, Acc. 1004/4.

66. DSR: MDR 1847/5/939: BAL, Drawings Collection, U12/16(6): NMR, photos BL 26048–9: WBC.

67. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/06/45725: DSR 1920/95: Survey of London, vol. xli, 1983, p.46.

68. Unless otherwise indicated this section is based on information in the General Records of the Department of State (Record Group 59, 1910–1929) in the US National Archives and Records Administration (accession no. 124.411), provided by Louis P.Nelson: J.P.Morgan Jr Papers in the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York: John Horder and Stephen Pasmore, 14 Prince's Gate: Home of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 1987: PRO, IR58/91040/1133–4: RB: POD.

69. DSR 1846/175: MDR 1848/3/268; 1855/11/323; 1858/14/623.

70. MDR 1870/21/559.

71. Edward Fowles, Memories of Duveen Brothers, 1976, pp.7, 26: S.N.Behrman, Duveen, 1972 edn, p.53.

72. e.g. New York Journal, 27 May 1920.

73. AR, Jan 1927, pp. 16–24.

74. DSR 1925/265.

75. Hastings' original design is reproduced in Apollo, June 1999, p.33.

76. Information provided by Simon Bradley of the Buildings of England.

77. The Times, 24 April 1925, p.12c; 13 May 1927, p. 19c; 14 May 1927 p. 15c.

78. Brian N. Morton, Americans in London, 1988 edn, p. 210.

79. Evening Standard, 22 June 1993, p. 15: The Independent, 7 Dec 1993, p. 11: WBC.

80. DSR 1848/253; 1849/43.

81. DSR 1853/7.

82. MDR 1854/2/85; 1855/11/501; 1857/13/317; 1866/6/218; 1884/26/586: RB: POD.

83. WBC: POD: KLS, K64/216.

84. Survey of London, vol. xxxviii, 1975, p. 304.

85. MDR1851/1/427; 1855/11/501.

86. WCA, Acc.943/2.

87. POD: MBW Mins, 22 March 1861, p.230: The Times, 15 Dec 1886, p.4f: Principal Probate Registry, will of Peter Thorn.

88. Principal Probate Registry, will of Peter Thorn: The Times, 15 Dec 1886, p.4f: POD.

89. MDR 1867/8/232: WCA, Acc.943/2, 4.

90. WCA, Acc. 1004/7.

91. WCA, Acc. 943/2.

92. WCA, Acc. 943/4.

93. WCA, Acc. 943/4c.

94. WCA, Acc. 943/2, 4: MDR 1868/28/1063: LMA, MBW/ BA/11220.

95. MBW Mins, 1 May 1868, p.638; 22 May 1868, p.713.

96. The Architect, 20 May 1871, pp.265–6: RB: POD: MDR.

97. The Architect, 20 May 1871, pp.265–6: WCA, Acc.1004/1, 6: RB: POD.

98. DSR: MDR: WCA, Acc. 1004/1, 6.

99. RB: POD.

100. The Architect, 20 May 1871, p.266.

101. B, 12 May 1877, p.483.

102. The Architect, 3 Dec 1870, p.323; 20 May 1871, p.266: Corporation of London Records Office, Comptrollers Deed Box 326, no.6.

103. Henry-Russell Hitchcock, Early Victorian Architecture in Britain, vol. 1, 1972, p.482.

104. The Architect, 20 May 1871, p.266.

105. B, 31 June 1858, p.514: Survey of London, vol.XL, 1980, pp.278–9.

106. The Architect, 20 May 1871, pp.265–6: WCA, Acc. 1004/1.

107. The Architect, 20 May 1871, p.265: C.Cunningham and P.Waterhouse, Alfred Waterhouse 1830–1905, 1992, p.237: MBW Mins, 21 Oct 1870, p.498; 3 Feb 1871, p.215.

108. WCA, Acc. 1004/4.

109. WCA, Acc. 1004/2.

110. WCA, Acc.943, Box 2, bundle 1.

111. Ibid.

112. WCA, Acc.1004, Box 2: MDR 1874/27/797.

113. B,11 May 1872, p.358.

114. Lincolnshire Archives, BNLW 2/1/2/22.

115. Plans, elevations, and correspondence for Alford House are in Lincolnshire Archives (ref.BNLW).

116. Lincolnshire Archives, BNLW 2/1/2/25.

117. Ibid., BNLW 2/1/2/22 (enclosure).

118. Ibid., BNLW 2/1/2/22.

119. Ibid., BNLW 2/1/2/19, 20, 22.

120. Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe College, Cambridge, Mass., microfilm reel 5, folder 114, Hosmer to Cornelia Crow, 17 June 1861.

121. Royal Archives, Queen Victoria's Journal, 23 March 1867.

122. Schlesinger Library, microfilm reel 5, folder 120, Hosmer to Cornelia Crow, n.d.

123. Lincolnshire Archives, BNLW 2/1/2/20, 24, 25.

124. MDR 1888/2/21–22: sale particulars in WCA, Acc.943/2: The Estate Exchange Year Book, 1931, p. 127.

125. WCA, Acc. 1004/1.

126. WCA, Acc.943/4: DSR 1878/4: MDR 1880/22/63.

127. Anderson's contract drawings and a perspective are in the BAL, Drawings Collection, Arc3/377.

128. MDR 1886/24/556: ILN, 30 Oct 1886, p.473: Raymond Cazelles, Le Duc D'Aumale: Prince Aux Dix Visages, (Paris) 1984, pp.430–1.

129. WCA, Acc.943/4, Instructions of 22 June 1887: DSR 1887/21.

130. Cazelles, op.cit., pp.431, 432.

131. MDR 1890/17/244.

132. Charles Lines, Stapleford Park, n.d., pp.9–10.

133. POD: National Archives of Canada, Coll.DND-WW1, Box 9.

134. Who Was Who in America, vol.3, 1960, p.328: WCA, Acc.943/4, draft lease of 1922: POD.

135. Ethel M. Richardson, The Story of All Saints Ennismore Gardens (Knightsbridge), nd. [c.1935], p. 100.

136. DSR 1883/86: Survey of London, vol.XLII, 1986, pp.23–4.

137. WCA, Acc.943/4, draft lease of 27 Feb 1886; Andrew Saint, Richard Norman Shaw,1976, p.453: Royal Academy of Arts, Shaw Bequest, RP4/3A.

138. Information provided by Andrew Saint.

139. PRO, IR58/91020/195.

140. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/23/160469(1): DSR 1903/76.

141. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/23/160469(1).

142. Except where otherwise indicated this account is based on — WCA, Acc.943/2; Acc. 1004/3: DSR: PRO, IR58/91020/193–6.

143. MBW Mins, 22 March 1878, p.498.

144. MBW Mins, 14 Nov 1879, p.642.

145. Survey of London, vol.xxxvii, 1973, pp.122–5, 261–6: Dictionary of Business Biography, cd. D.J.Jeremy, vol.2, 1984, pp.800–2.

146. WCA, Acc.943/2/1.

147. WCA, Acc.1004/5.

148. MBW Mins, 19 Jan 1883, p. 141; 26 Jan 1883, p.170.

149. WCA, Acc. 1004/5: PRO, IR58/91020/193.

150. Scottish RO, GD. 112/20/6/11–12.

151. POD: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/23/160469.

152. The Observer, 5 May 1963, p. 13: POD.

153. Unless otherwise indicated this and the succeeding paragraphs are based on — BN, 23 July 1886, p. 126: Giles Walkley, Artists' Houses in London 1764–1914, 1994, pp.75–7.

154. David Watkin, The Architecture of Basil Champneys,1989, pp.5, 7, 27: B, 28 June 1912, p.754.

155. DSR 1884/46,90.

156. NMR, photo BL 5955.

157. B, 11 July 1892, p.52 and illus.

158. PRO, IR58/91021/202.

159. POD: PRO, IR58/91021/202: sale particulars in WCA, Acc.943/2, bundle 4.

160. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/06/05891; GLC/AR/BR/06/057997: DSR: WCA, Acc. 1004/4; Acc.943/4b.

161. POD: Electoral Registers: The Sunday Times Magazine, 30 Jan 2000, pp.34–43: WBC.

162. BAL, Drawings Collection, RAN 74/L/5(1–4, 14): WCA, WDP2/710: B, 16 Dec 1938, pp. 1161–2.

163. DSR: Architecture Illustrated, July 1938, pp.3–5: WBC.

164. Architecture Illustrated, July 1938, pp.6–10: BAL, Drawings Collection, RAN 74/J/6(1–49); RAN 74/L/5(102): WBC.

165. B, 16 Dec 1938, pp.1161–2.

166. B, 12 Aug 1949, pp.203–4.

167. WBC.

168. Ibid: WCA, WDP2/710.

169. Modern Buildings in London: A Guide,ed. Charles McKean and Tom Jestico, 1976, p. 28.

170. WBC.

171. Except where otherwise indicated this and the succeeding paragraphs are based on LMA, GLC/AR/BR/76249; GLC/AR/BR/23/125862; GLC/AR/BR/23/160468–9.

172. WCA, Acc.943/2; Acc. 1004/6: Financial Times, 25 Sept 1935, p. 10.

173. Architect & Building News, 31 Jan 1936, p.149.

174. DSR 1937/112: WCA, WDP2/480.

175. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/23/160469(2).

176. WBC.

177. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 15834/2.

178. Ibid., file 33082/1.

179. WCA, Acc.943/4.

180. B, 8 April 1843, p. 112.

181. PRO, CRES2/650: CERC, Church Commissioners' file 15834/1.

182. PRO, CRES2/650.

183. Ibid: Ecclesiologist, Aug 1849, p.64: CERC, Church Commissioners' file 33082: BAL, Drawings Collection, V7/19.

184. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 15834/1.

185. Ibid., file 15834/2.

186. DSR 1848/193: Richardson, op.cit., p.45.

187. CERC, Church Building Districts, Orders in Council, vol.6 (1848–52), p.96; Church Commissioners' file 15834/2.

188. PRO, CRES2/650.

189. LMA, MBO 73 (case 402), pp. 16–17: Ecclesiologist, loc.cit.

190. Richardson, op.cit., p.44.

191. Gwent RO, D361 F/P10–6.

192. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 15834/2.

193. BAL, Drawings Collection, R. L. Roumieu drawings |5|1–2.

194. Alistair Service, 'Charles Harrison Townsend', in Edwardian Architecture and its Origins, ed. A. Service, 1975, p. 163.

195. BN, 5 April 1872, p.283.

196. GL, MSS 18319/8, 39: DSR 1885/171.

197. MBW Mins, 25 Sept, 2 Oct 1885, pp.376–7, 409: GL, MS 9531/39, p.134.

198. BN, 5 April 1889, p.472.

199. Ibid.

200. GL, MS 18319/8; The Studio, vol.12, 1897, p.118.

201. GL, MS 18319/39.

202. DSR 1892/1.

203. B, 21 Nov 1891, p.381.

204. Ibid: F.Hamilton Jackson, 'The work of T. R. Spence, Designer, Decorator, and Architect', in The Magazine of Art, 1903, pp.81, 83.

205. Richardson, op.cit., pp.62, 71.

206. GL, MS 18319/135.

207. Richardson, op.cit., pp.75–6, 126, 140.

208. GL, MS 18319/75: Richardson, op.cit., p.147.

209. BAL, Drawings Collection, V6/29.

210. Richardson, op.cit., pp. 135–6, 138: PRO, IR58/91020/190.

211. CERC, Church Commissioners' file 33082/5: GL, MS 19224/21.

212. Cathedral web site.

213. Information provided by M.P.Mandrigin.

214. Information provided by Sarah Brown.

215. Richardson, op.cit., p. 44.

216. B, 17 Jan 1903, p.8: The Studio, vol.28, Feb 1903, pp.118, 123.

217. Richardson, op.cit., p.121.

CHAPTER X (pp. 191–210)

The Freake Estate

1. For details of Freake's career, see Survey of London, vol. XXXVIII, 1975, pp.288–9; vol.XLI, 1983, pp. 103–4: Dictionary of Business Biography, vol.2, 1984, pp.427–30.

2. Survey of London, vol. XXXVIII, 1975, p.4.

3. RB: GL, MS 8674/81, p.237.

4. Ibid: MDR 1856/9/175.

5. BN, 2 Jan 1857, p.21; 17 April 1857, p.383.

6. MDR 1852/7/372, 783: Survey of London, vol.XXXVIII, 1975, p.57.

7. Survey of London, vol. XXXVIII, 1975, p.54.

8. Ibid., p.57.

9. MDR 1856/9/202.

10. MDR 1881/36/934.

11. Survey of London, vol. XXXVIII, 1975, p. 59.

12. MDR 1857/5/83–88: BN, 2 Jan 1857, p.21; 17 April 1857, p.388; 26 June 1857, p.665; 4 Sept 1857, p.931.

13. The Times, 9 April 1857, p.9e: BN, 18 April 1857, p.224: Dictionary of Business Biography, vol.2, 1984, p.428.

14. MDR 1858–61.

15. RB.

16. LMA, MBW/BA/01574.

17. RB: MDR 1859/11/433.

18. BN, 30 Sept 1859, pp.879–80.

19. MDR 1860/13/582–3, 983–4, 1001–2: BN, 19 Oct 1860, p. 810.

20. RB: POD: PRO, WORK 33/1248.

21. B, 3 May 1862, p.318: MBW Mins, 7 March 1862, p.198; 28 March 1862, p.251.

22. RB: MDR 1875/2/697.

23. Survey of London, vol. XXXVIII, 1975, pp. 294, 303–4.

24. BN, 17 June 1859, p.334: Survey of London, vol. XXXVIII, 1975, p.304, Pl.2b: MDR 1859–75.

25. Census (1891).

26. BN, 19 Oct 1860, p.810.

27. The Architect, 1 May 1891, p. 264.

28. BAL, FRIBA Nomination Papers.

29. Archives of the Commissioners for the Exhibition of 1851, file no. 106.

30. BN, 17 June 1859, p.554; 19 Oct 1860, p.810.

31. WBC.

32. BN, 19 Oct 1860, p.810.

33. Julian Hawthorne, Shapes that Pass: Memories of Old Days, 1928, p. 134.

34. Lady Mount Temple, Memorials, 1890, p.65: Margaret Leicester Warren, Diaries, vol. 11, 1924, p.245.

35. The Architect, 18 May 1872, p. 262.

36. NMR, Bedford Lemere day-books.

37. PRO, IR58/91040/1178.

38. PRO, IR 58/91038/1075–1100; IR58/91040/1101–19.

39. The most recent study, laid under heavy contribution here, is Linda Merrill's exhaustive investigation The Peacock Room: A Cultural Biography, 1998.

40. Theodore Child, 'A Pre-Raphaelite Mansion', in Harper's New Monthly Magazine (New York), Dec 1890, p.86.

41. MDR 1870/5/518–19: RB.

42. MDR 1874/24/955: RB.

43. Murray Marks and His Friends. A Tribute of Regard by Dr G. C. Williamson, 1919, p. 85.

44. Child, op.cit., p.84.

45. NAL, Cole Diary, 30 June 1876.

46. The Times, 9 Sept 1874, p.8f.

47. Alnwick Castle, Estates Office, William Collins's bill for Northumberland House, 1822–4: The Times, 26 May 1823, p.3f.

48. Merrill, op.cit., pp.178–9.

49. Ibid., pp. 182–3.

50. Child, op.cit., p.82.

51. Merrill, op.cit., p. 195.

52. Ibid., p.206.

53. Williamson, op.cit., p.85.

54. Norman Shaw to Murray Marks, 2 June 1904. Quoted by permission of the syndics of the Fitzwilliam Museum.

55. The Architect, 24 Feb 1877, p. 118.

56. Andrew Saint, Richard Norman Shaw, 1976, p.188: DSR 1876/291.

57. WCA, E3355/(2)/15.

58. Merrill, op. cit., p. 157.

59. Information provided by Andrew Saint.

60. No. 49 Princes Gate, sale particulars, 1892 (copy in NMRC, no. 697).

61. MDR 1894/26/987; 1894/31/458.

62. Thorney House Estate, sale particulars, 1894 (copy in possession of Survey of London): POD.

63. Information provided by Andrew Saint

64. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/22/007483: LCC Mins, 15 Jan 1895, p.39: The Architect, 14 May 1897, p.318.

65. 49, Princes' Gate, S.W.7., sale particulars, 1919 (copy in LMA).

66. Merrill, op.cit., p.312.

67. Information provided by Linda Merrill.

68. Merrill, op.cit., p.315.

69. Ibid.

70. Builders' Journal, 28 Dec 1904 (Supplement), p. 10: The Peacock Room: … Removed in its entirety from the late owners' residence and exhibited at Messrs Obach's galleries at 168 New Bond St. London, catalogue, June 1904.

71. Merrill, op.cit., pp.5–6.

72. BN, 6 Jan 1905, p.9.

73. Information provided by the late Clive Wainwright.

74. PRO, IR58/91040/1169.

75. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/22/007482: DSR 1921/86: POD.

76. The Times, 26 May 1823, p.3f.

77. RB.

78. MDR 1875/19/248.

79. Merrill, op.cit., p. 222.

80. Hawthorne, op. cit., pp. 135–8: BAL, Drawings Collection, Z25/11(4): Thomas Armstrong, C. B., A Memoir, ed. L. M. Lamont, 1912, pp. 15–6.

81. PRO, IR58/91040/1172.

82. Thomas Armstrong…, ed. L. M. Lamont, 1912, p. 16: Dianne Sachko Macleod, Art and the Victorian middle class: Money and the making of cultural identity, 1996, p.293.

83. BAL, Drawings Collection, Z25/11(1–3): B, 19 May 1877, p. 497: Walter Crane, An Artist's Reminiscences, 1907, p. 166: 'George Aitchison, Lord Leighton's Architect', notes for BAL Drawings Collection Exhibition, Jan/Feb 1980, p.6.

84. B, 6 May 1876, p.425: Hawthorne, op.cit., p. 134.

85. Joanna Banham, Sally MacDonald, Julia Porter, Victorian Interior Design, 1991, p. 145.

86. Macleod, op.cit., 1996, p.475.

87. This account is largely based on the following sources — AJ, 17 Feb 1938, pp. 299–301: B, 11 March 1938, pp. 499–501: Architect & Building News, 18 March 1938, pp. 327–31: Country Life, 12 Feb 1938, pp. xxii, xxiv: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/7/64977.

88. Country Life, 12 Feb 1938, p.xxiv.

89. Ibid., p.xxii.

90. NMR, photo AA56/00405.

91. Account based on WBC and WCA, WDP2/710.

92. LMA, GLC/AR/BR/TP/31646.

93. ICST Archive, 2/1: WCA, WDP2/709.

94. Sherban Cantacuzino, Wells Coates, a monograph, 1978, pp.71–2.

95. Imperial College 1953–1963: Report on a Decade of Expansion, p. 1.

96. ICST Archive, 2/1, memos of 27 Jan 1956, 22 March 1956.

97. Ibid., memos of 17 Aug-18 Dec 1956.

98. Architect & Building News, 20 April 1961, p.503.

99. AJ, 5 Dec 1957, p.834: The Spectator, 10 May 1963, p.60: B, 16 May 1958, p.895.

100. ICST, Annual Reports, 1957, p.12; 1960, p.5.

101. Account based on — Architect & Building News, 20 April 1960, pp.501–10: AJ, 10 Nov 1960, pp.687–96: AR, June 1960, pp.417–18: B, 29 April 1960, pp. 816–20: Interbuild, April 1960, pp.12–15.

102. Architectural Design, Dec 1963, pp.566–74: Architect & Building News, 8 Jan 1964, pp.51–8.

103.WBC: LMA, GLC/AR/BR/17/100475: WCA, WDP2/708: ICST, Annual Reports, 1960, p.16; 1963, p.4.

104. WBC.

105. WCA, WDP 2/708: WBC.

106. AJ, 20 Nov 1997, p.xi: 36th Annual Report of The Knightsbridge Association, Dec 1997, p. 25: information provided by Nicholas Black.