N

Nancy, Ambassador of Lorraine goes to, from England, 413.

Naples, mentioned, p. xxxvi note;

troops from under Count Fuentes, 7;

Marsilio a native of, 32;

order for Sir Anthony Sherley's arrest at, 40,

he is at, 49,

the Viceroy's servant in attendance on, 61, 63,

he is described as “General of the Galleons of the Kingdom of Naples,” 61,

his patent as such, 64;

mentioned, 64;

Spain getting together great ships, &c., at, 185;

the Palazzo di San Marco at, 274;

the Grand Duke of Tuscany to be allowed to recruit in, 401;

effort to raise fleet in, against the Dutch, 406;

Spanish galleys at, for defence of, against the Turk, 499;

Spanish policy touching, 518;

Viceroy of, arranges the surprise of El Arisch, 712;

large force of Neapolitans being raised by Spain for the defence of Milan, 867.

Nassau, Arnold, Count of, killed at Rheinberg, 378, 379.

-, Eléonore de. See Bourbon-Condé.

-, Emilia., Countess of, wife of Emanuel, Prince of Portugal, reconciled to her brothers, 398.

-, Henry, Prince of, brother of Prince Maurice, pension assigned to, at the Truce, 477;

its loss threatened, unless he will take orders from the States-General, 857, 858;

Dutch propose him for the supreme command of the Anglo-Dutch relief force for Cleves, 875,

King James declines, 897.

-, House of, payment to, by Brabant and Flanders, in recognition of services rendered and debts incurred by, the late Prince of Orange, 483;

patrimony of, divided between the Prince of Orange and Count Maurice, 555.

-, Louise de. See Coligni.

-, Maurice, Prince of, Count Maurice, the great engineer officer of his age, 147;

escorts Peace Commissioners to Hague, 175;

opposes Barneveldt;

Commissioners of f oreign powers at the Hague try to reconcile them, 360, 365;

comes to terms, 384;

their rivalry, 858;

ceases to urge continuance of the war;

his position shaken, 367;

the death of his cousin Arnold avenged, 378, 379;

statement of his views, in interview with Ambassador Giustinian, 390, 391;

reconciled to his sister;

his brother's claims against, 398;

getting firm footing in the Duchy of Cleves, 402;

personal apologies by, to King James, 449 and note;

to accompany the Deputies of the States to Bergen, 463, 466;

commended by the Commissioners of France and England to the consideration of the States, who award him pension, 470,

and confirm him in the post of General and Admiral, 477, 498;

his anxiety to recover Flushing, 525;

dispatches ships to Morocco, 532;

shares the patrimony of the House of Nassau with his brother the Prince of Orange, 555;

Francesco Contarini accredited to, 654;

Moorish horses presented to, 685;

invites Henry IV, to make himself master of El Arisch, 712;

admiration in Europe for his conduct of the late war, 778;

engaged in appeasing tumult in Utrecht, 821;

the Archdukes distrust his concentration of troops on the frontier, 826;

arrested at Utrecht;

manages to get away, 853;

King James speaks of “his pernicious designs” against Dutch liberties, 856;

history of his connection with the troubles in Utrecht;

his relations to the Republic, 857 (pp. 463, 464), 858;

the Queen Regent of France wishes to put the French contingent for Cleves under direct command of, 947.

-, Philip William, Prince of Orange, Count of Buren, at the Hague, suspected as being in Spanish service, 391;

reconciled to sister;

his claims against brother, 398;

House of Nassau not to be liable for debts contracted by (“Prince of Brugis”), 399;

accompanies the States to Bergen-op-Zoom, with his wife;

going to France, 466;

restored, under the Truce, to his estates in the Netherlands, Dutch and Spanish, 467;

in Holland;

wishes the Dutch to withdraw the garrison from Breda “which he desires to erect into an independent city,” 535;

“has secured Breda, but not so independent as he wished”;

the patrimony of the House of Nassau divided between, and his brother Maurice, 555;

welcomes the Prince of Condé to Brussels, 750,

who is lodged in his house, 752.

- William de, Prince of Orange, his will to be performed, 467;

pension for his son. 470;

payment by Brabant and Flanders in recognition of his services, 483;

promises made to. of sovereignty in the Netherlands;

their execution required by Count Maurice, 857 (p. 463).

- William Lewis, Count of, Stadt-holder of Friesland, cousin of Count Maurice, assists at Peace Congress at the Hague, 175,

at Truce Congress at Bergen-op-Zoom, 466;

the subscription of the Truce delayed by his illness;

present made to, by the States, 477;

declaration by, re the India Navigation, 478.

Naturalization, by grace, opposed in the English Parliament;

a Fleming, so naturalized disqualified for seat in Parliament, 837.

Navarino, haunt of pirates, 258.

Navigation, free. See Free navigation.

Negri, or Negro, Pietro, condemned for rape, Sir Henry Wotton's intercession for, 287 and note, 293, 304, 308, 309, 316, 317, 318, 323, 334, 351, 353, 355.

Nemours, Due de. See Savoie, Henri de.

Netherlands, the United:—

(1607), naval victory of, near Gibraltar, over Spanish;

expected to end truce between, and the Archduke;

hope that it will secure them France as an ally, 1;

their fleet re-fits on coast of Africa, ibid.

the Archduke desires peace with, ibid.;

the object of his negotiations with, to secure his own independence of Spain. 4.

the title “Independent” allowed them in draft of truce with Spain, 4.

Spanish naval preparations against;

their fleet off Portugal, 4.

reason of Spanish concessions to, 7.

alleged bribe offered to, by Philip III, not to send their fleet to the West Indies, 7.

English relations to, as affected by Truce, 8.

desire in Flanders for peace with, and exclusion from, of Spanish, 8.

rumour that peace has been concluded between, and Spain, and that the Dutch fleet is recalled, 8.

agree with the Archduke for truce by sea;

for merchant-shipping only, 10.

King James invited to send Envoy to the Hague, to join the French Envoy in discussing their affairs;

the King declines, 10.

decision in favour of, in English Courts, re Dutch ship sequestrated in English port by Spanish Ambassador;

test case of freedom of trade under the Treaty of London, 11.

Dutch boats captured by men of Dunkirk before truce at sea begins, 14.

French efforts to dissuade, from peace with Spain and the Archduke, fail, 17.

Don Diego d' Ybarra sent from Spain to, negotiate with, 19, 20.

mission from, to England, to excuse their negotiations with Spain;

indifference of King James, 19, 25.

Deputies from, expected in England;

French hopes of prolonging war between, and Spain, 25;

Deputies arrive, 31.

squadron of, ordered to remain in Spanish waters, 25.

French efforts to promote war between, and Spain, 31.

English neutrality based on status of Dutch as rebels, ibid.

mediation of Dutch Envoys in England sought by the Count of Emden, to recover town, ibid.

their Deputies received in England, as “Ambassadors”;

get promise only of dispatch of Commissioners, 34, 36.

compelled to accept offer of Spain, unless aid can be obtained from England, ibid.

ratification of truce with, received by the Archduke from Spain, 34,

compels return home of Dutch fleet, 36.

English and French guarantee sought by, for observance by Spain of terms of truce, or peace, 36.

their Deputies entertained in the City of London, 37,

return home, 43.

news of ratification of truce between, and Spain, confirmed, 38, 42.

the negotiator of the truce, John Neyen, in Madrid;

urges recognition of Dutch independence, but as “feudatories”;

asks Spanish aid for recovery of “Cautionary Towns” from England, 40.

decline to accept Spanish ratification of truce, as drafted;

the bearer, the Audientiary, Verreiken, requests six days' delay;

they revictual fleet, and threaten Spanish treasure flotilla, 43.

English policy, to see them an independent state, subject neither to France, nor Spam, 43.

their refusal to accept ratification of truce delays dispatch of English Commissioners, 43, 44.

their negotiations reported, by King James' orders, to Spanish Ambassador, 43.

anxiety in England that rupture of negotiations between, and Spain should not be ascribed to English action, 44.

Spanish suggestion of a match for Duke of York, with Holland, &c., in dower;

their supposed preference for an English sovereign, to a French, 44.

Spanish bribes for opponents to acceptance of truce, 46.

decline to accept burdens due to “Counts of Flanders” and “Dukes of Burgundy”;

will recognize Spanish over-lordship for a fraction of territory only;

peace an absolute necessity to Spain, 46.

reason of their rejecting the ratification, viz., the words “I, the King” in place of “Philip, King,” 47, 48.

English Commissioners to, kept back, but ordered to take leave of French Ambassador in England, to allay his suspicions, pending ratification of truce, 50.

dispatch of English Commissioners to, still delayed;

correctly worded ratification sent for, to Spain, by the Archduke;

English hopes that France may promote continuance of war;

money sent to, by Henry IV 52.

Archduke's Agent drafts form of ratification which they approve, 54.

English Commissioners to, start;

instructed to promote peace, 57.

withdraw their fleet from sea;

proof that “peace is absolutely necessary to them,” 57;

no such orders given, 58,

report confirmed, 71.

Spanish design to prevent cooperation of England and France, by nominating King James as mediator, 58.

suspicion in Spain that, as sovereign state, they might continue war, with allies, after recognition by Spain of their independence, 60.

John Neyen expected to bring revised ratification from Spain, 71;

what he brings, insufficient to satisfy, 74;

ratification considered assured, 78, 80.

alarmed at delay in ratification, inform English and French Commissioners that, with English and French support assured, they will break off negotiations, 82.

their Agent in England turns to account distrust of Spain excited by the Earl of Tyrone's flight, 86.

joint action in, of English and French Commissioners, 86.

decline to negotiate peace with Spain. without preliminary acknowledgement of their complete independence, 90,

text of same, 91.

English attitude to, unchanged. 93,

improved by episode of the flight of the Earls, 99.

dispatch to, of President Richardot;

his weight with;

their distrust of the form of the ratification likely to be overcome by him, 102, 109;

his influence undermined by Spanish, 112.

ratification in form satisfactory to, arrives, 114,

text, 115;

their disatisfaction with it, in final form, 118.

demand six weeks to prepare place, and commissioners, for peace negotiations;

with intent to consult King James, 117;

the Spanish Ambassador, seeks to prepossess King in favour of peace and again suggests he should mediate;

the recognition of their independence by Spain not believed to be genuine, 121.

peace conference to meet at the Hague;

Commissioners to be eight a side, 121.

points of difficulty in arranging peace, (1) Religion;

(2) Free Navigation to both the Indies;

(3) departure of Spanish from Low Countries, 121.

propose an offensive and defensive alliance with England;

English Government disposed to entertain, if France excluded, 126;

require a subsidy, which King James will not entertain, 135.

their Deputies meet to decide if they will negotiate for peace on conditions come from Spain;

assert that their independence requires no acknowledgement from Spain, but accept it;

desire on both sides for peace irresistible, 130;

agree to treat for peace, 148.

Envoys expected in, from the Emperor, Denmark and German Princes, 130.

truce, expiring at Christmas, to be renewed by, for six months for peace negotiations, 131.

breaches by, of truce, 134.

King James so far from assisting, with loan, inclined to demand repayment by, of debt, 135.

(1608), efforts by Spain to prevent King James interrupting negotiations with, for peace, 146.

Spanish concessions to, 150.

display less inclination for peace, 155,

and insist on their “independence,” 161,

to be conceded, 168.

conclusion of peace by, probably;

points still open (1) Religion, (2) Navigation to Indies, (3) Sluys, 166.

negotiations at the Hague for peace, or long truce between, and Spain, 171.

defensive alliance concluded between, and France;

England anxious to follow suit, with modifications, before conclusion of peace, 175;

English claims for repayment of debt, pay of English troops, and withdrawal of Dutch fishermen from English waters, to be included, 186;

such a league supposed to have been concluded, 190, 198;

Spain prevents conclusion of league by playing on King's fear of intervention in Ireland, in any case not to last more than year after violation of peace by Spain, 203;

reasons for the delay in concluding, 217;

King gives his Commissioners power to conclude for same term as French, 228.

subsidy to be paid to, by France, to be applied to extinguishing their debt to England, 175.

arrangements for Peace Conference in, 175.

their independence recognized, covering question of religion;

their claim to the India Navigation under discussion; “not a truce but a perpetual peace” being negotiated, 177.

Colonel Cecil in service of, 181.

“point of sovereignty” settled in favour of;

peace in sight, 183.

Spanish galleys take or sink six or eight, Dutchmen, near Gibraltar;

the Spaniards, while exaggerating imporance of action, fear effect on the peace negotiations, 184, 190.

refuse to withdraw from the India Navigation;

Spanish concern. 184;

sittings of peace Congress suspended;

trade to the East Indies most in question, where settlements and treaties had been made;

Spanish attempt to influence decision by protest to King James against English adventures in Indies, 186;

declaration by, of actual number of their ships engaged in the East India trade confirms Spanish Commissioners in refusal, 190;

matter in suspense, 198;

English, support of, prevented by astute diplomacy of Spain;

pamphlet, in their favour, suppressed in England, 203;

agree to proceed to discussion of remaining points without prejudice to question of Free Navigation, 204, 205,

many being daily settled, 216;

suggested compromise, to trade for nine years to places not in Spanish occupation, 228;

text of compromise, 238.

the future danger to her trade of the growth of Dutch power and commerce, makes England jealous of a peace attained by the concession to, of Free Navigation to the Indies, 204;

Spanish represensations in this sense, 216.

question of Religion in, if Commissioners at Peace Congress fail to agree, to be referred to the arbitration of Henry IV, 216.

copy of terms of peace between, and Spain handed by Sir Henry Wotton to Doge, 232.

their Agent in England negotiates treaty with King James;

debt to be paid by instalments to begin two years after peace concluded;

cautionary towns to be then restored to;

treaty not to be published till after peace, 234, 239, 244.

the consent of the King of Spain to the freedom of the India Navigation alone wanting to successful conclusion of peace between, and the Archduke, 234, 240;

Spanish Ministers propose to refuse, 236, 244,

their assent expected, 245;

John Neyen's negotiations;

Spanish averse, 246;

terms offered. 251.

Dutch ships arrive in England with pepper, &c., from the Indies, 234, 263 and note.

dislike in England to the truce, due to fear that Spain would thus be freed to intervene in Ireland, 240;

rebel successes in Ireland increase dislike, 248, 261.

military preparations in, 244.

Spain requires free exercise of Catholic Rite in, in return for surrender of Sovereignity, 251.

question of India Navigation by, proposed, by Spain, to be settled as by Treaty of London, denying that free trade was thereby granted, 251.

free Navigation claimed by, on ground of Oceanum nullis clausum, 251 and note.

press King James for definite aid;

he evades answer, 255,

and defers publication of league with, 261,

to oblige Spain, 263.

further prolongation of truce between, and Spain, 263,

English annoyance, 269.

interests of, advocated in England by the French Ambassador, 269.

begin “to settle their militia,” a sure sign of their wish for peace, 269.

internal jealousies in, fostered by Spain, 269;

those on seaboard desire war, those inland, peace;

Barneveld bought by Spain, 272, 332.

Spanish design to alienate France from, by marriage proposals to Henry IV, 271.

President Jeannin reports that the issue of the negotiations depends on Henry IV, 272.

speculations of merchants of Antwerp in Dutch India Navigation, 272.

peace Congress at Hague suspended, 272, 275,

but troops being disbanded, 291.

English distrust of French policy in, 291.

request by Spain to King of France to use influence with, to induce them to forego claim to sovereignty, 295.

complaints by Ambassadors of Spain and the Archduke in England, of the Anglo-Dutch treaty, 295.

it is likely to be signed forthwith, 300;

reply to complaints, viz. it is only operative after peace or truce declared, 307, 350, 367.

Spanish persist in refusing, sovereignty and India Navigation;

Spanish intrigue with Henry IV may compel, to yield, 300.

efforts of Henry IV to effect defensive alliance with England to include, 307.

subsidy paid to, by Henry IV, 309.

Dutch ships reinforce English pirate off Lisbon, 313.

Spanish terms announced to;

India Navigation refused;

freedom of exercise of “Catholic ritual” required, and tribute in recognition of sovereignty;

their anger;

John Neyen blamed, 314;

King James informed;

eagerness in England to support, 319.

Dutch ships reported to be leaving Spain for fear of embargo, 319.

letter of, breaking off negotiations with Spain, 322,

“a sovereign resolution,” 324 and note.

Spinola, ordered to quit, opens, by means of the French Commissioners, fresh negotiations for a twelve years' truce, 324, 328,

the Archduke assents to a seven years' truce, the sovereignty question not to be raised, trade to Spain and the Indies to be allowed;

Deputies of Zealand withdraw, 330;

acceptance by, of truce, probable, 332.

their Deputies corrupted by Spain, 332.

English ships join Dutch for attack on Spanish “flotta,” 333.

“sovereignty” if conceded to, would lead to demand for the like by the Spanish Netherlands. 334 (p. 176).

permit French Commissioners to remain at the Hague for limited time, 338, 339;

give Spinola time to produce authority from Spain to treat for a truce, 340.

will accept a truce only if assured of (1) the India Navigation, (2) sole exercise of their religion, or “reciprocal freedom of both” in their, and the Archdukes', territories, (3) “Sovereignty,” 340.

urgently request assistance from King James, 340,

which he promises, but refuses later;

anger of Henry IV. 341.

populace in, opposed to the truce;

suspect that their leading men are bribed by Spain, 342.

suspension of all negotiations in, for peace or truce;

English satisfaction;

proposal to assign to. the debt due to England from France, 345.

the Archduke's suggestion of a possible union between, and Flanders brought to light, 346.

hopes in England for continuance of war between, and Spain;

King James assured of the truce, 354 (p. 185).

Spanish preparations against, 356, 365, 372, 375.

the Commissioners of the Powers at the Hague undertake to reconcile Barneveldt and Count Maurice, and Holland and Zealand;

with good hopes of negotiating the truce, 360;

they propound the fresh terms to the Dutch Deputies, with threat of English and French displeasure if not accepted, 365.

“the people in, and the lower classes,” desire the truce, 365.

Henry IV will never abandon, while they remain united;

proposes truce to unite them, 336,

so as not to be at the sole charge of supporting them in war, 367;

King James favours truce out of vanity, and jealousy of France, 367, 376.

the Truce Congress to be held at Antwerp, 367,

or at Breda, or Bergen, 373;

meets at Flushing, 386.

Prince Maurice's position in, shaken, 367.

six provinces of, in favour of a truce, send Agents to persuade Zealand, with promise to reject accord if Neyen does not bring confirmation of the Archduke's promises, 376, 393.

troops of, cut the Archduke's garrison at Rheinberg to pieces, to avenge their leader killed in a sortie, 378, 379, 381 (p. 200), 386.

Spain refuses “sovereignty” to. on suggestion of King James that he could make them accept truce without;

fury of Henry IV, 379, 384, 386, 387, 391, 393, 396, 398, 400, 404;

repudiation by King James, 409, 435.

Count Maurice's desire for continuance of war in;

immense wealth in, the result of the war:

if a stable government can be set up in, a great and notable power will appear in Christendom, 390, 391.

the Duke of Ossuna opposes concesion to, of “sovereignty,” 393.

(1609), armistice in, for six weeks, pending. Brizuela's return;

preparations in, for war, 398.

German peace Commissioners dismissed by, with their expenses, 398.

text of terms of truce as agreed to by, 399.

money from Spain to be employed in bribery in, 404.

negotiations in Spain of the Archduke's Confessor for truce with;

military measures against, considered, 406, 422.

suggested overtures on behalf of, in England, to secure continuance of war, 411.

the Archdukes pledge themselves to produce powers, under King's hand, to treat with, for truce on terms proposed;

Deputies of, meet at Breda;

to treat with the Commissioners sitting at Antwerp, 413.

further attempt by Spain to excite King James' jealousy of concession to, of the India Navigation, 422.

decide to accept a ten years' truce;

the negotiations to be conducted at Antwerp by the Ambassadors of France and England;

their Deputies to assemble at Bergen-op-Zoom as more convenient than Breda, 426;

assemble at Bergen, 452.

Spain concedes, by Brizuela, the necessary power for the conclusion, by the Archduke, of a ten years' truce with, 428.

genuine desire of the Archdukes for truce with, 430.

Venetian interests require an alliance with, 436, 488.

truce with, agreed to by King Philip and the Duke of Lerma, 437.

the Commissioners of the Archduke, France and England meet at Antwerp, 437, 439.

reported reservations by Spain re “Sovereignty” and “Indian Navigation,” 444;

if these prove distasteful, the Archduke has authority to treat in the King's name, 446.

final truce negotiations;

Sovereignty allowed;

counter proposals on the India Navigation, 449, 452, 457, 463, 466;

places in possession of one party not to pay contribution to the other;

goods in transit from Antwerp through places held by the States (e.g. Middelburg) not to be unladed, 466, 470.

fear of, contributes to decline of Portuguese East India trade. 466.

their Deputies, assemble at Bergen, accept the truce, 467;

Dutch Commissioners arrive in Antwerp, 470.

terms of the Truce, 471, 477, 483, 486, 498.

text of the guarantee by France and Spain of the India Navigation, 478.

support the claims of Brandenburg to the Cleves succession, 483,

opposed to, 532,

support, urged by King James, 580.

the Truce ratified by the Archduke, with pledge to join in enforcing, if not ratified by Spain;

like pledge by France and England, 485.

French infantry in service of, to be paid for two years by France, 485, 744, 879.

no taxes in, to be repealed;

money to be applied to liquidating debt to England, and recovery of Cautionary Towns, 485.

rate of pay of soldiers of, 485.

their Deputies assemble at the Hague to settle constitution;

French and English Commissioners assist, 496.

goods in transit by sea to and from Antwerp to pay three per cent. duty to, 496;

designed to balance the loss to Amsterdam by return of trade to Antwerp, 497;

caution money to be paid till dues settled;

threat of the Archdukes, 525.

Scots in service of, disbanded;

invited to take service with Denmark, 497;

troops is, not yet disbanded, 511, 513,

only weeded, 525,

numbers disbanded, 539;

the Archdukes suspicious of the number retained, 564 (p. 308); 575, 593, 600.

probable effect of their success on the loyalty of Flanders, 498.

the Truce a personal success for the King of France;

he effects an economy by it;

he removes a veteran army from his frontier, 498.

Truce proclaimed in Amsterdam, 503.

maritime towns in, dislike the Truce, 503.

altering their constitution, 503,

establishing a sound Republic, 511, 548.

treaty between, and England, to last as long as the truce, 509.

terms of treaty between, and France. 510.

Dutch forbidden to fish in English waters, 511 and note (Cf. No. 186);

Commissioners appointed to proceed to England to discuss question, 763 note.

Guelderland reduces its contributions to, through loss of trade by the Truce, 513.

amount of debt due from, to King James;

no payments to be made for two years;

cautionary towns will not be restored till debt is fully paid, 525.

refuse to permit limited exercise of “Catholic rite,” proposed by France, on the advice of the English Ambassador that “for a new state more than one creed is dangerous,” 532.

treaty between, France, and the King of Morocco, 532.

after the ratification of the truce, will appoint Ambassadors, 532,

the appointments made, 555, 564 (p. 308).

presents made by, to the French and English Ambassadors, 532, 539, 548.

alliance concluded between, England and France, 533.

the Prince of Orange desires, to withdraw their garrison from Breda, which he wishes “to erect into an independent city,” 535.

English officers go over to, from London, to settle their affairs on occasion of the Truce, 539 (p. 291).

Commissioners with, from Flanders, to arrange the trade of Antwerp and Bruges, 548;

the States General to consider, 580,

their decision likely to be quickened by the growing trade of Dunkirk, 600.

ratification of the Truce sent by Brizuela from Spain, 548.

satisfy Venice in Comincioli's case, re stolen goods, 564 (p. 308).

much annoyed that the Archduke has garrisoned all his fortresses with Spanish troops. 546 (p. 308);

maintain their troops on present footing, out of distrust of Spain, 575, 600.

the ratification delivered to, with request for good treatment of Catholics, 575;

dislike in, to the allusion to the Catholics, who lived safely, and exercised their rites, 580.

building bigger ships for the East Indian trade, 575.

suffer from piracy;

resolved to suppress, 575, 617, 641.

open trade with Italy, 575.

intend to “open free trade” with the Turks, 575.

“have come to no resolution about the ratification of the truce”;

concentrate troops on the Cleves frontier, 593.

many ships of, call at Dunkirk, 600.

deputies of, and of the Archdukes, to meet at the Hague, to settle the dispute touching goods in transit for Antwerp and the Rhine, 617;

text of their assent to the appointment of the committee, 616 (p. 337).

dispatch ships in conjunction with the Archdukes, to the East Indies, to notify the the truce, 617, 641.

determined to support the claims of Brandenburg and Neuburg in Cleves, 617.

Sir Ralph Winwood appointed Ambassador to, 617,

joyfully received by, 641.

the congress, re goods in transit, delayed by Richardot's death;

the Zealanders will accept the ancient scale of dues, if the Archdukes will close other ports in Flanders, 641;

the congress sits, 650;

an agreement for the reduction of duties arrived at, 685;

tariff not yet fixed by the Archdukes. 700;

the Archdukes propose to excavate Dunkirk harbour in retaliation, 700,

and continue to press for “free transmit” of goods to Antwerp, 744.

Sir Francis Vere's services in, 650.

engage picked troops disbanded by the Archdukes, 650.

Francesco Contarini accredited to, 654.

special Envoy from, to Venice, to notify the conclusion of the Truce, 656, 658,

orders for his entertainment at Padua, 697,

in Venice, 716,

King James' satisfaction, 774,

Lord Salisbury's, 793.

terms of the treaties between, France and England, 658.

anger in, at the description of the Archdukes as “Counts of Holland and Zealand”;

a mistake, to be rectified, 658.

Ambassador from the King of Marocco in;

presents horses and amber;

negotiates about commerce and the threatening attitude of Spain;

the States General unwilling to endanger the Truce, 685,

the King's letter to, 713.

troops in, kept on war footing, 685.

to be invited to enter into an offensive alliance with France against Spain, 694.

trade between, and Muscovy, ruined by the Polish war;

ships return empty, “but for a little wood,” 700.

promise to assist the Princes at Düsseldorf, but wish them first to hold a diet of their confederates, 708;

will not send Ambassadors till other Protestant Princes have sent theirs, 714, 744.

the Dutch foil Spanish designs in El Arisch, and invite the French to make themselves master of it, 712.

Sir Henry Wotton's discourse on the naval greatness of, and comparative proximity of, to Venice, by the sea route, 716.

news from, reported by Ambassador Correr, 720.

the Ambassadors of Brandenburg and Neuburg proceed to, from England, the Saxon Ambassador anxious to follow them. 727.

proposal to send on Francesco Contarini to, from England, to compliment, negatived in the Venetian Senate;

motion adopted to elect an Ambassador to, at once, 728a.;

Tomaso Contarini (Mocenigo) elected, 742,

his commission, 814;

Francesco Contarini declines to return via, though offered a ship by the Government. 812 (p. 438).

notify England and France of proposals made to, by the Archdukes, for a peace, which they really desire, 744;

question of goods in transit to Antwerp to be settled on basis of a permanent peace, proposal by the Flemish, to ask King James and King Henry to intervene, 752, 763.

re-engage weeded companies of English;

rumour that they proposed to disband due to withdrawal of contributions from France, except pay for 4,000 French troops, 744.

reported conclusion of a league between, France, England, Venice and Savoy, 748.

(1610), Prince of Anhalt leaves Paris for, 749.

special Embassy to be sent from, to England, on the affair of Cleves;

alarm in, at the Catholic League, of the Ecclesiastical Electors and Bavaria, and the interest taken in it, by the King of Spain, 752;

invitation to, by the Union, 757.

reported to have disbanded two regiments, one French, one English, which took service with “the Princes in Cleves,” 755.

Henry IV only waits their decision, to support the Duke of Savoy in attacking the Spanish in Milan, 758.

they await King James' decision as to the amout of his contribution to the support of Neuburg and Brandenburg, 763,

refuse to state their own first, 785.

the Embassy to England to consist of “two leading men,” 763;

their names;

fishery Commissioners to accompany, 763 note, 821 and note, 826, 857 (p. 464);

the Embassy starts, 832, 838, 858.

questions as to boundaries, religion, and restitution of property settled by the Commissioners at the Hague;

the Antwerp transit question left open, 763.

the Prince of Anhalt studies Count Maurice's military methods in, 778.

French proposal that they should be induced to declare war on Flanders, 783.

King James proposes to employ English and Scots already in their service on behalf of the “Possessioners,” and to pay these troops out of money due by, to him, 785, 794;

they give written assent to the employment by England of such troops, 821.

great floods in, a third overflowed, 785 and note.

importance of Cleves, as lying between their territories and the Archduke's, 793.

the French Ambassador in England proposes a defensive alliance between, France and England, to King James, 803 (Cf. 785), 813.

statement as to the aid they will give the “Possessioners” awaited, 803;

will send Ambassadors to France and England to announce, 813;

the amount specified, 821.

risings in, about some preachers and taxes;

the magistrates of Utrecht deposed, 803, 821,

Count Maurice arrested at, 853.

the Saxon Ambassador coming to, 813.

troubles in, on Gelderland frontier, imperil truce, 821.

Embassy from, to France, 832.

Embassy from, to King James, will “do all they can to push forward an alliance to please the King of France,” 838.

Embassy from, expected at Amiens;

Dutch Ambassador in Paris goes to meet, 853,

in Paris, lodged in the Palazzo Gondi, 865,

with “exceptional honour,” 889.

Henry IV hears “with great regret” of the rising at Utrecht;

urges the States to employ “negotiation, rather than force,” 853.

King James speaks of Count Maurice's “pernicious designs” against their liberties;

advises them to apply swift remedies to the rising at Utrecht, 856;

history of the troubles there;

the existence of the Republic threatened by Count Maurice's ambitions, 857 (pp. 463–464), 858,

rising in, appeased, 866.

their contingent for Cleves to march with the English and French, 857.

speculations as to the objects of the Embassy from, to England;

a joint attack on the Indies considered probable, 857.

to check access from, to Cleves, Archduke Albert hands over Rheinsberg to the Imperial Commissioners, 857 (p. 464);

“a mere suspicion,” 858.

Dutch fishery off Irish coast, 857 (p. 464), 894.

Venetian Ambassador awaited in;

a popular welcome for him, 858, 918 (p. 495).

deciding whether they will declare war on Spain openly or only assist the “Possessioners,” 865.

Embassy from, received by King James, and the whole court;

Spanish dislike to the honours paid to;

desire that English troops for Cleves may be furnished with all sorts of munitions of war, and be under the supreme command of Count Henry of Nassau, until taken over by the Prince of Anhalt;

specify their own contribution;

troops not to move from Holland till the French start 875;

entertainments for the Embassy, 894;

continue negotiations about fishery, 897.

suspicions in, of the Archduke Albert's armaments, 875.

Colonel Cecil sent over to;

he is retained in their service;

they are pledged to take English troops in, back into their pay on conclusion of war in Cleves, 875.

French claim that advances made to, shall be set against French debt to England;

they refuse to repay such advances to England, 875 (p. 472).

their troops support the men of Liége in slaughtering the Archduke Leopold's Walloons, 897,

near Maestrich, a breach of the truce, overlooked by the Archduke Albert, 906.

their troops, with French and English, about to march from, to Düsseldorf, 897.

“robbed of a great support, upon which depended their safety and their fortune,” by death of Henry IV, 906.

in spite of King's murder the relief force for the “Possessioners” will be sent from, 906.

Dutch Embassy in England about to return;

the members all knighted;

obtain the King's promise that the Dutch fishery in English waters shall be “connived at,” 918;

pictures and horses left by, as presents for the Prince of Wales, 930.

the policy of to “attend to business which brings profit and gain, and keep afar from ambition, the friend of expenditure,” 918 (p. 495).

King James alleged, on the murder of King Henry, to have written to, offering to augment his aid, and exhorting, to support the “Possessioners,” 927, 928.

their Ambassador in Paris disputes the precedence of the Archdukes, 928.

their Ambassadors in England notify their adherence to the Articles of the Diet of Hall;

the Prince of Wirtemberg goes to the Hague to obtain their ratification, 930.

Dutch troops ordered to advance on Cleves, in the hope of effecting an arrangement, without coming to blows, 936.

proposal to send French troops via, to Cleves, 937, 947.

their Ambassadors in Paris secure dispatch of French contingent to Cleves, 943.

are not forward in offering to assist the Queen Regent to convey French troops to Cleves by sea, but offer to take them “from Piccardy into Holland at their own charges,” 955.

endeavour to “stiffen” King James' mind, re succours to Cleves, their “being conterminous with Cleves” making “the support of the 'Possessioners' more important to them than to any one else,” 955.

orders received in, for the English troops to march, with theirs, on Cleves, 957.

the English Ambassador in, ordered to go to Cleves, ibid.

- See also Consulage of Forestiers.

Neufville, Nicholas de, Seigneur de Villeroi, gives Piero Priuli information. 47;

detains John Neyen, 60;

discusses prevention of piracy in Mediterranean with Venetian Ambassador, 159;

in consulation on Dutch affairs, 272;

advises Venice to secure herself against Spain, 436;

employed to urge Sully to change his faith, 436;

Don Pedro di Toledo quarrels with, 446;

complains that Venice has not replied to overtures for a league with France, 711;

hands marriage contract, signed by King, to the Ambassador of the Duke of Savoy, 758;

present at Council of War, 788;

recommends Venice to give temporising and soothing answer to Henry IV touching their policy in Milan, 864;

secretes messenger come from Lesdiguières, 892;

mentions the Prince of Condé and the affair of Cleves as alone dangerous to peace, 941.

- de Villeroy, Charles de, Marquis d'Alincourt, French Ambassador in Rome, pamphlet on the Interdict issued with his signature, 15.

Neutrality, English, in war between Spain and Holland, based on status of Dutch, as rebels, 31;

question of neutral bottoms raised by the Grand Duke of Tuscany's taking Turkish goods out of English ship, leaving ship untouched, 112.

New Spain, particulars of cargo of fleet from, 76.

- World. See America.

Newmarket, King at, 894.

Newport, Captain, bound for Virginia, 795.

Neyen, John, Franciscan Friar from Rotterdam, General of the Cordeliers, Spanish Agent, to conclude truce with Dutch, in Paris raising loan, 29;

sent to Spain by the Archdukes, to secure recall of Don Diego d'Ybarra, 34;

arrives in Madrid;

urges recognition of Dutch independence;

asks for assistance to recover “Cautionary Towns” from English, 40;

recalled to Flanders, 42,

about to start but delayed by news of Dutch rejection of ratification of truce;

urges that peace be signed without further “cavil,” 46;

passes through France on return;

explains to French King that his visit to Spain was to clear himself of the charge that as the son of heretic parents, he was over favourable to Dutch, 60;

his arrival in Brussels, with revised ratification expected, 71;

fails to bring what can satisfy Dutch, 74;

unable, without President Richardot's assistance, to satisfy the Dutch as to form of ratification, 109;

his signature to ratification, 115;

appointed Commissioner to the Peace Congress, 168;

Dutch decline to await his return from Spain, 244,

delayed by illness, 245;

his negotiations at Madrid, 246;

hastens his return;

terms proposed to, 251;

not yet returned, 261, 263, 269, 272;

to return with Don Pedro di Toledo, 271, 282,

not with him, 290;

awaiting instructions at Burgos, 309, 386;

receives the Spanish terms;

starts, but is stayed at Burgos;

failure of his negotiations, 314, 323 (p. 170);

his return with confirmation of the Archduke's promises still expected, 376;

returns, without powers, 384, 389, 391;

Spanish conceive suspicion of, as a native of Flanders, 398;

receives the bishopric of Ypres, 509, 555.

Nice, offer to put in Henry IV's hands, as pledge of the Duke of Savoy's good faith, 788.

Nichols, “Progresses of James I” cited, pp. viii, xvi, xxvii, xxix.

Nieuport. strongly garrisoned by the Archdukes, 600.

Nievo, Count Bartolomeo, Castellan of Brescia, 840, 843.

-, Bortolamio, of Vicenza, his attempt on Father Paul, 83.

Nivers, 909.

Nogaret, Jean Louis de, Duc d' Epernon, in Paris, on occasion of the King's murder, 898.

Nonsuch, palace of, royal princes at, 24, 30.

Nores, Giacomo, official interpreter at Venice, reports by, 769, 773.

Norres, —, Colonel, when employed by Queen Elizabeth in Ireland, put price on head of the Earl of Tyrone, 917 (p. 493).

Northampton, Earl of. See Howard, Henry.

Northamptonshire, agitation against enclosures in, 8 note, 11, 14;

petitions against Royal Progress to be held in, 275,

King declines to accede, 285;

the King buys Holdenby in, for the Duke of York, the King at, 291,

the Spanish Ambassador follows him to, 312;

the King to go on Progress in, 954.

Northumberland, Earl of. See Percy, Henry.

Novara, Bishop of. See Bescapé.

Nuncio Papal, in Venice, comes to his first audience, 22;

assured by Doge of falsity of rumours touching English Embassy and alleged preaching there, 26,

his witness to falsity of rumours appealed to, 32, 35;

complains to Senate of pamphlet against the Jesuits, 124;

complains of political discussions, &c., at Sir Henry Wotton's house, 208;

complains of books consigned to the Ambassador;

reply of the Doge, 230, 231;

complains of Fra Fulgentio's sermons, 458;

protests against reception of King James' book, 557, 565;

has fresh orders to protest, 577,

his renewed representations to the Cabinet, 583,

arranges for the prohibition of the sale of the book, with due respect for the King, 606;

tells the French Ambassador the contents of Ambassador Foscarini's despatches, 655;

complains respecting the trial and execution of a priest, 739 and note 740.

O

O'Brien, Donough, Earl of Thomond, arrives in London, with offer of service against rebels, 255;

his account of Jennings' arrest, 477 note.

O'Dogherty, —, nephew of the Earl of Tyrone, surprises Culmore, 248 and note;

professes loyalty, his action due to fear of the Governor of Derry, 255 and note;

abandons Derry, 269:

his defeat and death, 291 and note.

O'Donnell, Rory, Earl of Tyrconnell, his flight from Ireland with the Earl of Tyrone. 78 n., 106 (p. 55);

proclamation against, 123;

his death at Rome, 292 and note.

O'Neil, Henry, second son of the Earl of Tyrone, to bring Irish Regiment from Flanders to Ireland, 248,

diplomatic representations to prevent, 263;

his reported return to Ireland, 599;

in Flanders, 668.

-, Hugh, Earl of Tyrone, (1607), his flight from Ireland, pp. xxxiii, xxxiv, xxxv;

excitement caused by, 78,

increasing, 81;

naval and military preparations by England against Spain, as cognizant of, 86;

his flight due to religious, rather than political, reasons;

Rome his objective, 86;

English protest, to Spain for harbouring, in Flanders;

to France for permitting him to pass, 90;

Spanish reply, 120;

bound for Spain, but forced to France by adverse wind;

applies to Henry IV for passage to Flanders;

English annoyance at King's assent, 93, 94, 102, 109;

English Ambassador in Madrid protests against reception of, in Flanders, 99;

plots by, in Ireland, discovered;

continued anxiety in England occasioned by his flight, 102;

particulars, by Sir Henry Wotton, of his flight, 106 (p. 55);

Venetian acknowledgements, 110;

King James' anger at his non-arrest in France, 113;

living quietly in Flanders;

watch kept on, by England, 117;

his reception in France and Flanders defended on religious grounds;

likely to leave Flanders for Rome, 121;

text of Proclamation against, 123;

request by Sir Henry Wotton for his arrest, if he enter Venetian territory;

account of Sir Henry's meeting with, in Ireland, 125;

his affair inclines King James to Dutch alliance, 126;

continued anxiety in England as to Spanish relations with, 127;

leaves Flanders;

recalled by the Archduke;

his destination, Rome, 131;

English suspicions of Pope's relations with, 134;

to go to Rome, to persuade Pope to an Irish expedition;

money given to, by the Archduke, 136;

(1608), cross-voting in Venetian Senate, as to reply to be made to Sir Henry Wotton touching, 143, 144, 145, 157, 158, 162, 163;

recalled by the Archduke, and held in pawn, to incline King James to peace, 146;

makes overtures to England;

Spain declines to receive;

the Archduke orders, to leave Flanders in fixed time;

Pope unwilling to receive on score of expense. 160;

the Doge's excuses to Sir Henry Wotton for coming to no decision about, 165;

effects of Proclamation against, 165;

to appease England, Spain and the Archduke cast off, 168;

detained in Flanders by frost, 182;

quits territory of the Archduke for Liége, 186;

English policy towards Spain affected by dread of her supporting, 202;

his arrival at Milan reported by Doge and Senate to Sir Henry Wotton, 209,

thanks, 232;

arrives at Milan;

warned not to touch Venetian territory;

good reception of, by Governor of Milan;

left Ireland “on an understanding” with the King of Spain;

had money from the Archduke;

bound for Rome, 213;

English scheme for planting colonists on his estates, 215;

Sir Henry Wotton kept informed of his movements by Doge and Senate, 218;

Count Fuentes dismisses without present, asserting Spain took small account of, as being old;

he sells his horses, pawns his plate, 227:

his brother-in-law goes to England from Flanders, is commited to Tower, 228;

he and his retinue characterized by Sir Henry Wotton as “those Irish gipsies,” 232, 241, 323 (p. 168) and note;

goes via Parma to Rome, 233;

English Ambassador in Paris wroth at his reception at Milan;

his ingratitude for King James' favours, 235;

his proceedings watched more closely than ever in England;

his journey to Rome, as indicating the Pope's ill-will, disliked, 239;

Sir Henry Wotton thanks Doge for excluding, from Venice, 241;

his reception by the Pope in Rome, 243 and note;

the successes of his nephew, O'Dogherty, in Ireland, and the reported invasion of Ireland by his son Henry, increase his credit at Rome, 248,

efforts to stop his son, 263;

“his great enemy,” the Earl of Thomond, comes to London, with offer of service against the rebels, 255;

his visits in Rome;

begs to be allowed to settle in France, a proof that he draws insufficient supplies from Pope and Spain, 256;

English anxiety as to his movements;

Wotton's reports, 261 and note;

offer to assassinate, 261 note;

carries the “umbrella” over the Pope in Corpus Christi procession, 262 and note;

report spread in Milan, that his relatives had risen in Ireland, 265;

complaint lodged by English Ambassador in Spain against his reception at Milan, 273;

his letters to Irish rebels, intercepted;

renewed fear in England of Papal intrigue there, 278, 285;

sues King James for pardon, 282;

his illness at Rome, and of his son;

death of his kinsman the Earl of Tyrconnel, 292;

his movements still watched from England, 312;

(1609), in England they “do not give him another thought,” 525;

report that the Pope had conferred title of “King of Ireland” on, 536;

said to have gone to Venice, 536;

an “old man of sixty-five,” 536;

King James' good reception of, when in London;

was highly honoured;

hunted with the King, 536;

living in poverty at Rome, on pittance from the Pope;

his suit to Spain, 560;

report that he is going back to Ireland and to be joined by his son from Flanders, cuts short King James “progress,” 599;

renewed anxiety as to movements of;

the Pope expected to support, in answer to King James' book, 664;

less neglected;

the Spanish Ambassador in Rome instructed to pay his debts, 681;

his property, and that of other rebels, in Ireland, distributed, 880;

price put upon his head by Colonel Norres, 917.

-, Hugh, Lord Dungannon, accompanies the flight of his father, the Earl of Tyrone, 106.

Occhiali, —, allusion to his exclusion (as Capudan Pasha) of English shipping from Constantinople, 908.

Occhino, Bernardino, reprints English atack on Jesuits, 124.

Ocean, the, as contrasted with the Mediterranean, 716.

Offredo, Monsignore, Papal Nuncio at Venice, 32.

Ogle, Colonel, in Flanders, 668.

Oil, duty on, 379;

Greek, 464;

contraband, from Zante, 641.

- See also Trade.

Olden-Barneveldt, Jehan van, bought over, by the Marquis Spinola to Spanish interest, 272;

his views on Richardot's lost instructions, 346 note;

attempts of the Powers to reconcile, with Count Maurice, 360, 365,

reconciled, 384;

his brother appointed a fishery Commissioner to England, 763 note;

rivalry between, and Count Maurice, 858.

Oldenburg, Count of. See Anton Gunther.

Oldenzaal, Oldenzell, mutiny of Germans in garrison at, 575, 580;

fortifications of, 880.

Onza. See Money.

Oran, in Africa. Moriscoes of Valencia cross to, 712.

Orange, Oranges, Prince of. See Nassau, Philip William;

William.

Orbetello, Florentine design on, 401.

Orchina, Secretary, arrives in Paris from Spain, 365.

Ormuz, 773.

Orsini, Don Virginio, Duke of Bracciano, mentioned, 414.

Osman bèy, Captain of Janissaries, of Tunis, Ward's protector, 268.

Ossuna, Duke of. See Giron.

Ostend, allusion to the siege of, 377;

strongly garrisoned by the Archdukes, 600.

Ostia, 292 note.

Ostruta. Count of, challenges the Marquis of San Marino, 728.

Ottillio — jurist of Padua, 192.

Ottoman, the. See Turkey.