S

Sabbionetta, Sabioneta [Prov. Mantua, Italy], 242.

Sables, presented by James to Philip III, 196.

Sackvile, Mr. 350n.

Sagredo, Procurator, Savio of the Cabinet, 149.

-, Zacharia, chamberlain of the Council of Ten, 411.

St. Cler, Sieur de, ambassador of Denmark to England, 88, 90, 136, 143;

negotiates with Netherlands, 98, 120;

Sarmiento calls on, 100;

sees James, 101.

St. George, M. de, 469.

St. Helena, 61.

St. Jean d'Angely [Charente Infèrieure, France], Rohan at, 553.

St. Maurice in the Valais, 428.

-, plague at, 31.

-, conference between Berne and Savoy at, 331, 566.

Salisbury [co. Wilts], 23, 29.

-, king and queen at, 549 n;

James at, 553;

Bonnivet at, 563;

audience of Desmaretz at, 571.

-, earl of. See Cecil, Robert.

Salmastraki, island of, 325.

Saluzzo, Marquisate of, levies of, 174;

dispute about, 393.

San Damiano [Prov. Alessandria, Italy], 285, 530.

San Germano, marchioness of, 404.

San Giorgio, Count Guido 11, 174.

San Mauritio, San Maurizio dal Vallese, See St. Maurice.

Sancta Maura, Giulio dey, a spy, executed, 281.

Sandeval, 313.

Sandomir [Russian Poland], canon of. See Cichocius, Gaspard.

Sandoval y Roxas, Francis, duke of Lerma tells Digby of esteem of Philip for James, 59, 60.

-, -, Digby's representations to, 108.

-, -, complains about proposed marriage between England and France, 117.

-, -, to be informed of Pescina's mission, 170.

-, -, letter of Sarmiento to, upon bribes wasted in England, 326.

-, -, Digby speaks to, about Cleves, 342;

complains of expense caused by Savoy, 343.

-, -, Commandeur Sillery to arrange with, for French and Spanish marriages, 343, 344;

Sillery calls on, 348.

-, -, contradicted by Sarmiento, 359.

-, -, complains of French help to Savoy, 399;

disclaims intention to humiliate Savoy, 402.

-, -, Sarmiento writes to, urging peace, 419, 421, 432, 433, 446.

-, -, to arrange royal marriages, 538.

Sant ? Sent, Engadine, despatch dated from, 535.

Sant Ander, 242.

Santa Croce, General, 277.

Santander, 297 n.

Santen. See Xanten.

Sargans, Serganz [St. Gall, Switzerland], 31.

Sarmiento d'Acuña, Don Diego di [Count of Gondomar], ambassador of Spain in England:

(1613), arrives in England, 23;

well received, 58.

claims restitution of plundered goods, 60.

proposes Spanish match for Charles, 64, 92, 93;

goes to the Council, 65.

complains of pirates, 67.

assures James of friendship of Philip, 68.

Lesieur complains of intrigues of, 70, 71.

(1614), intrigues against French marriage, 92, 130, 135.

awaits issue of French marriage negotiations, 93.

sees ambassador of Denmark, 100, 101.

sends word of present of James to Philip, 109.

tells Foscarini that affairs of Italy are settled, 110.

Scarnafes visits, 116;

gives information to Foscarini, 117, 132, 136, 143, 144, 182, 275.

tries to recover pirated goods, 120.

money spent by, at English court, 131.

sees James at Greenwich, 139;

opinion of English parliament, 146;

speaks of Dutch fishery of Greenland, ib.

hopes for withdrawal of French troops from Netherlands, 161.

says Spain will support Neuburg, 163;

confers with Boischot, 166, 171.

consulted by James, 178;

has audience of King of Denmark, 180, 181.

James remonstrates with, 194, 212;

blames emperor for war, 199.

complains of English levies for Savoy, 210, 261.

promises to urge peace in Italy, 211.

justifies Spinola, 212.

has audience at Theobalds, 220;

promises restoration of Wesel, &c., 221.

sends word to Spanish ambassador at Rome about Scarnafes, 228.

professes indifference about Cleves, 235.

opinion of, upon Hohenzollern mission, 256.

opinion of, upon French marriages, 263;

insists upon good relations with French, 272.

sends for Foscarini, 274.

interview of Foscarini with, 291.

blames Dutch, 293.

(1615), Winwood reports important statement of, 293, 294.

stormy audience of, in presence of Council, 297, 301, 302;

sends account to Philip, 305, 306.

complains of help given to Savoy, 316.

refuses to go to masque with Caron, 317, 320, 328.

receives news from Spain, 319, 401.

opinion of treaty of Xanten, 326;

considers money spent on bribes in England wasted, ib.

promises restitution of Wesel, 334, 375, 447, 496, 522.

spreads reports of English match, 338;

consultations of, with Boischot, 343, 389, 446;

contradicted by Boischot, 359, 369.

assures James of his influence with Philip, 375, 384, 520.

calls for Foscarini, 390;

imparts information to him, 391, 399, 408, 410, 411, 449, 506.

considers war in Germany certain, 391.

criticises Hinojosa, 397.

says Philip is for peace, 407.

James will not dismiss, 415.

writes to Lerma and Philip for peace, 419, 421, 446;

speaks in favour of peace; 468.

thinks Dutch will not restore Juliers, 422.

extraordinary subvention for, 432.

Winwood calls on, 445, 447.

sends special envoy to Spain, 446.

says Archduke must be compelled to make restitution, 447, 448.

riot in London against, 468.

has audience of James, 478, 495.

relations of, with Foscarini, 494, 506, 507, 513.

speaks of marrying Charles to second Infanta, 499, 505;

informed of negotiations with France, 506.

news sent to, 531.

has audience of queen, 549.

boasts of Spain's strength, 551.

congratulates king on fortunate day, 557.

offers no hope of restitution, 562;

visited by Zamoski, ib.

James speaks to, about Foscarini, 564.

lays blame on Dutch, 565.

Scarnafes asks Foscarini to see, 572.

-, -, secretary of, 68, 146, 431.

Sarpi, Peter, Father Paul, Venetian Servite friar, 155.

Sassello [Prov. Genoa, Italy], 313.

Savelli, Giulio, papal nuncio in Savoy, 213, 290, 397, 425.

-, -, negotiations of, with Rambouillet, to settle differences between Savoy and Milan, 192, 237, 255, 266, 342, 344.

-, -, proposals made by, 229;

revises proposals, 303;

asked to make representations to Milan, 372.

Saville, Sir Henry, edition of Chrysostome of, presented to doge, 80, 81;

Signory returns thanks for, 128.

Savoy, 23, 53, 98, 182, 286, 287, 524, 570.

-, ambassadors and agents of:—

in England. See Gabaleone;

Scarnafes, Antonio, count of,

in France. See Fresia, Carlo;

Moretta, Emanuel;

Pescina, Giovanni Giacomo.

to Evangelical Union. See Goveani, Senator.

in Venice. See Pescina, Giovanni Giacomo;

Scaglia, Count.

-, ambassadors and agents to:—

of England. See Carleton, Dudley;

Morton, Albert;

Parkhurst, William;

Wake, Isaac.

of France. See D'Angennes, Charles, Marquis of Rambouillet;

Gueffier, Emile.

of Pope. See Costa, Pier Francesco;

Savelli, Giulio.

of Venice. See Gussoni, Vincenzo;

Zen, Ranier.

-, army of, 174, 175, 418, 547.

-, -, on frontiers of Milan, 224.

-, Cardinal Prince of See Maurice.

-, disturbances in, 495.

-, expenditure of, upon the post, 442.

-, house of, 118.

-, French succours for, stopped, 204;

French troops in service of, 210.

-, help from Dutch for, 446.

-, proposed league with, 574.

-, Duke of. See Charles Emanuel I.

-, Infanta of, proposed English match for, 2, 7, 19, 68, 120.

-, - See also Margaret.

-, -, Princes of. See Filiberto;

Maurice;

Thomas;

Victor Amadeus.

Savoy, Henry of, duke of Nemours, enlists Huguenots for Savoy, 136;

promises help for Savoy, 175.

Saxony, Elector of. See John George.

-, prince of, duke of. See Francis Julius of Sax Lauenburg.

Soaglia, the abbot, 508.

-, Count, 285.

-, -, sent from Savoy as ambassador at Venice, 205, 218, 341, 342, 362.

-, -, uses offices of Carleton, 253;

expositions of, in Cabinet, 330, 440, 466, 495.

-, Countess, to travel with Carleton, 530.

Scandia, 143.

Scaramelli, 405.

Soarnafes, Scanese, Antonio, count of, ambassador of Savoy in England, 251, 263, 287.

(1614), sent to England, 100.

offers marriage alliance to James, 116, 120;

receives unfavourable answer, 122.

proceeds to Holland, 130;

instructed to negotiate with Dutch against Spain, 134, 145;

discusses alliance with Maurice, 147.

returns to England to propose defensive alliance, 188, 198;

has audience at Windsor, 195, 198, 199;

asks James for help, 198, 207, 244, 250, 290;

discusses means to break off French and Spanish marriages, 199;

James informs Foscarini of, 200;

Foscarini visits, 201.

receives fresh instructions to proposed alliance, 207;

visits queen, ib.

told of licence given to adventurers to serve Savoy, 210.

receives presents from James, Carr and Rich, 219;

returns to Holland, 219, 242.

charged by James to help Venetian league with Swiss, 220.

exchanges promises with James not to make peace separately, 227, 270;

gets little out of James, 228.

goes to obtain ships from Dutch, 235, 237;

interviews Maurice and Barnevelt, 238, 239, 271;

returns to London and sees Winwood and Foscarini, 239.

tells James of Dutch readiness to help Savoy, 244, 249.

James informs, of decision of Council, 250.

sees Rich, 256;

has letters from duke, 261;

expecting to hear from king and Dutch, 273;

Caron tries to convince, of war in Germany, 274.

goes to James to ask for an answer, 275, 277;

receives good promises, 278, 281, 289.

(1615), 521, 533.

sets out to see French princes, 292;

detained at Dover, 299.

promises given to, 299, 300, 303, 323, 366, 384, 396, 398, 437, 511.

crosses channel, 304;

at Paris, 310;

reaches Turin, 322;

John of Nassau awaits, 324;

negotiates with French princes, 335, 384.

returns to England, 357, 395, 427;

announces his return, 367;

expected, 374, 384, 405, 421, 426, 431;

leaves Turin, 414, 432;

arrives at London, 435.

shows Zen a letter of Cardinal Borghese, 413.

sees Winwood, Rich, and James, 437.

asks for help, 438, 439, 454, 478,

Winwood calls on, 445.

has letters from the duke and Verua, 454.

points gained by, 455;

asks indemnity for French adventurers, 462.

instructed to raise money on duke's jewels, 468, 469;

asks Somerset to favour duke, 468.

sends courier to duke, 476.

James sends a deer to, 477;

hunts with James, 478.

confidential relations with Foscarini, 494, 523.

letters from duke to, 496, 519, 525, 532.

asks James that duke may be included in Union, 497;

proposals submitted, 511.

hears from Verua, 500, 532;

adventurers offer services to, 501;

delay of couriers of, 503.

fails to move Winwood, 504, 511;

awaiting news. 505;

informed of Spanish proposals of marriage, ib.

Foscarini obtains information from, 514, 545, 574.

sees James at Oatlands, 520.

receives terms of league from Winwood, 530, 531.

asks James for terms of alliance, 540;

views of, upon league, 541.

congratulates king on fortunate day, 557.

has audience at Salisbury, 563;

returns to London, 570.

writes to Winwood and sees Desmaretz and Foscarini, 572.

desires league between Venice and England, 574.

Schomberg, Meinhard von, count of, 33.

-, -, ambassador of the Elector Palatine, 81, 84, 88, 89, 93, 101, 119, 130, 410.

Schopp, Scopio, Gaspar, book against James, 103;

received at Madrid, 108;

Digby complains of, 109;

assault upon, 109;

Spanish payments to, 281.

Scios, 124, 423.

Scone, baron. See Murray, David, of Gospetrie.

Scotland, 32, 470.

-, emigrants from, to Ireland, 25.

-, Foscarini's tour in, 41, 46, 53.

-, queen's affection for, 37.

-, treasurer of. See Carr, Robert, earl of Somerset.

-, union with, strengthens England, 215, 312, 388.

Scottish men at arms, in France, command of, 23.

-, physicians at Florence, 121.

-, troops, in garrison of Juliers, 172;

in service of Spain, 184.

-, in service under Maurice, quarters of catch fire, 236.

-, -, in Juliers, 221.

Scotto, Count Fabio, mission to Florence, 213.

Secretaries of James I. See Lake, Sir Thomas;

Winwood, Sir Ralph.

Sedan [Ardennes, France], munitions of war sent to, 533;

Biondi sent to, 542;

Maurice asked to send troops to, 543;

John of Nassau joins Bouillon near, 553;

meeting of Princes at, 564.

Sefantho, 566.

Segna. See Zengg.

Serganz. See Sargans.

Serisa, 120.

Settimo, 453.

Severn, River, 41.

Seville, consuls of, 7;

ships arrive safely at, 223;

Spanish fleet at, 515;

English ships detained at, 565.

Sforza, Francesco, 312.

Sharpe, Dr. Lionel, sent to the Tower, 139 n.

Ships:—

Black Lion, 59.

Bona Speranza, 58, 59, 74.

Bona Ventura, 59, 74.

Calderan, 325.

Cambia real, 145, 245.

Centurion, 58, 146.

Corriero, 455.

the Corsaletta or Costley, 20, 21, 27, 28, 34, 36, 46.

-, final decision concerning, 53, 54.

Elizabeth, 146.

Gionata, 431.

Grandifesa, 146.

Hercules, 145, 245.

Mantel, 58, 59.

Maona, 280.

il Mondo Piater, 325.

Paradiso, berton, 56.

la Perla, 60.

Petaochio, 155.

Rosa, of London, 552.

Rose Lion, 58, 59.

S. Martin, 17.

Tartana, 106.

Tiger, 155n.

with tops, number of, in England, 41.

privateer, to be armed against Spain, 266.

of English adventurers, to help Savoy, 285, 454, 455;

fear they may become pirates, 455.

-, See also Fleet;

Navy;

Pirates.

Shrewsbury, earl of. See Talbot, Gilbert.

Sicel. See Cecil, Edward.

Sicily, plans of Turks against, 66, 117.

-, Spanish troops in, 163.

-, galleys of, return home, 455.

Siena, 90.

Sigismund III, king of Poland, 512.

-, asked to help Savoy, 182.

Silk, Syrian coarse, trade in, 146;

sent from Turkey, 156.

Sillery, the Chancellor of France. See Brûlart, Nicholas.

-, the Commandeur. See Brûlart, Noel.

Sinclair, George, earl of Caithness, reduces revolt in Orkney Islands, 264.

Sinzig [duchy of Juliers], 284.

Sluys [Zeeland], Dutch capture of, 484.

Soetern, Philip Christian von, bishop of Spires, negotiates about Worms, 533.

Soissons [Aisne, France], 432.

-, revolted princes at, 107, 112, 113;

Mayenne at, 553.

-, countess of. See Bourbon, Charles de, Anne widow of.

Solms, count of. See John Albert.

Somerset, earl of. See Carr, Robert.

Somerset, Edward, earl of Worcester, earl of Uster, sent for Foscarini, 317.

-, -, master of the horse, attends opening of Parliament, 115.

Sonsbech, the Sieur, 324.

Soranzo, Girolamo, Venetian Ambassador in Germany, despatches of, 45, 49, 56, 65, 69, 81, 91, 98, 103.

-, -, letters to, 51, 96.

Sordi, Mantuan Resident at Venice, 44.

-, reports mission of Pescina, 160.

Sound, the, proposal to close against Dutch, 12.

-, -, customs of, removed, 23, 25.

Southampton, despatches sent from, 32, 33.

Spain, 11, 19, 32, 34, 93, 100, 110, 288.

-, action of, in Italy, all important, 221.

-, ambassador of, to England. See Sarmiento d'Acuña, Diego;

Velasco, Alonso di.

-, -, in Flanders. See Mendoca, Don Francesco de, marquis of Guadaleste.

-, -, in France. See Cardenas, Don Inico di.

-, -, in Germany, 23, 69, 98, 126.

-, -, in Savoy, 134.

-, -, at Venice. See Cueva, Alfonso di, marquis of Bedmar.

-, ambassadors accredited to, of England. See Cornwallis, Sir Charles;

Digby, Sir John.

-, -, of France. See Brûlart, Noel, the commandeur Sillery;

Cochefilet, Andrew de, baron of Vaucelas.

-, -, of Venice. See Morosini, Francesco;

Priuli. Pietro.

-, secretary of Venice in. See Cavazza, Girolamo.

-, double marriages with France. See Marriages.

-, king of. See Philip II;

Philip III.

-, Infant of, 156.

-, Infanta of. See Anne of Austria.

-, prince of. See Charles, prince of Spain.

-, fleet of, sent towards Emden, 222;

sighted off Livorno, 229.

-, ships of, evade English pirates, 223.

(1613), approaches of, to Denmark, 8.

league under James to coun terbalance power of, 11.

offices of Denmark to, against Dutch, 12.

anxiety of, to prevent French and English marriage, 14, 19, 25, 80, 83, 99, 102, 118, 131.

influence of, in France, 15.

wishes Albert to be king of Romans, 18.

fleet of, in East Indies, beaten by Dutch, 22.

foments trouble in Ireland, 31.

earl of Arundel criticises practices of, 40, 41.

favours Savoy, 55.

James advises Venice to join league against, 57.

English pirates plunder from, 58, 60.

designs on Italy suspected, 60, 64, 77.

English colonies in America to prejudice of, 61.

takes Dutch ship near Moluccas, 65.

fear joint action of Protestant Princes and Dutch, 65.

determined to have custody of princess of Mantua, 70, 71;

modify pretentions at instance of France, 77.

pretend to desire peace, 71.

Savoy to hand Casale to, 73.

(1614), Queen Regent unwilling to offend, 88.

levies of, for Hungary arouse suspicions of Protestant princes, 100.

do not wish for Estates of France to be convoked, 109, 133.

plunder of English pirates from, 120, 147.

Turks determined to fight fleet of, 124.

complain of action of Queen Regent, 133.

fleet of, 134.

wish to check Savoy, 137.

disturbed by Pescina's mission to Venice, 142, 164.

damage done by, to Navarre, 143.

dissensions in France advantageous to, 153.

Savoy proposes to break with, 162.

proud attitude of Dutch towards, 163.

Dutch wish to keep Juliers from, 168.

troops of, with Archduke Albert, 172;

ships of, in Greenland, ib.

fear Palatine will be chosen king of the Romans, 173.

James speaks against, 185, 188.

designs of, upon France denounced, 188;

fear of offending, in France, 189.

designs of, on Italy, denounced by Carleton, 191.

payment of mercenaries by, 192.

James will allow privateers against, 195.

not anxious for emperor to publish ban against Savoy, 196;

desire peace in Italy, ib.

James threatens war with, 199;

violence of, against Savoy, 200, 204.

fleet of, bound for Coruña, excites suspicion in England, 201.

army of, in Germany, alarms Union, 202, 220.

Dutch threaten to break truce with, 203;

France offers to compel disarmament of, 204.

forces of, in Montferrat, compelled to withdraw, 207.

Dutch decide to make war on, in West Indies, 208.

offers of restitution by, in Flanders, not trusted, 225;

insisted on by James, 231.

desire dismantling of places in Flanders, 226.

strong feeling in England against, 227.

Dutch make preparations for war on, in West Indies, 227.

great military preparations of, 228, 240.

English ships armed to narry, 236.

will force Savoy to surrender, 236;

determined to humiliate Savoy, 249.

speak contemptuously of Dutch, 244.

too intimate with France, 249.

James wishes to divide forces of, 251.

incites emperor's action at Xanten, 252;

prolongs negotiations, 252.

proposes to take Villafranca, 253;

invades Piedmont, 281, 282, 287.

increase forces against Savoy, 261.

to give up Wesel or James will make war, 262.

creates delay in settlement in Flanders, 263, 271.

proposal to send privateers against, 266.

war with Holland expected, 267;

piracy upon, ib.

troops of, winter in Cleves, 274.

news from, 275.

precedence of ambassadors in, 276 and note.

Dutch not to make separate peace with, 277.

James threatens war with, 278, 282, 284.

will not restore Wesel, 280, 283, 310, 480;

devices of, to gain time, 316.

subsidises Schopp, 281.

will expel Brandenburg and Neuburg from Duchies, 289.

proposed league of Pope, France and Venice against, 290.

(1615), policy of, towards Savoy, 294.

will only consent to settled peace in Flanders, 296.

do not intend restitution, 297;

responsible for rupture of Xanten negotiations, 299.

shipping of, English letters of marque against, 300.

proposal to invade, 300, 352.

capture of Oneglia by, 303.

forces of, in Flanders and Italy, 309.

Carleton speaks against, in Venetian Cabinet, 310–316;

describes present state of, 312.

views of James on action of, 320.

French resent encroachments of, in Provence, 321.

needs peace, 324.

prepares to obtain command of the Ocean, 326.

Neuburg renounces claims in favour of, 327, 350.

hope to separate France from Holland and German Princes, 328.

Pope defends action of, 330.

spreads reports of English match, 338.

great preparations of a fleet, 343.

desires Frankfort to be in emperor's hands, 344.

resolved to punish Savoy, 345, 349;

only asks for apology of, from Savoy, 351.

English pirates ready to serve against, 347.

desires war, 353;

will not allow English intervention in Savoy, 354.

intends to punish Savoy, 368.

value of Genoa to, 369.

not willing to hasten French marriages, 370.

armies of, 371, 380;

weaker than Savoy, 380;

likely to lead to war, 407.

Savoy ready to satisfy, 372, 377–379, 417;

charges of, against Savoy, 372.

efforts of, to win grace of James, 376.

demands of, from Savoy, 388.

fleet of, to dominate ocean, 391.

Cardinal to be sent to, for peace, 395.

troops of, may not pass Bernese territory, 397.

weakness of, 398.

suspicious of fleet going to Savoy, 407.

attempted surprises by, 410.

not expected to make restitution, 416.

Protestant suspicions of, 419;

James's suspicions of, 425.

James will not allow advance of, 420.

Dutch desire war with, 422.

unwilling to disarm, 428, 466.

fleet of, defeated by Dutch, 434.

demands of, criticised by Winwood, 439.

retains Syburg, 440.

understanding of, with France upon Savoy, 441, 444, 467.

presence in Germany feared, 447.

English and Dutch oppose in Indies, 447.

opposed to treaty of Xanten, 448.

opposes Venetian league with Grisons, 449.

Savoy suspected of inclining towards, 451.

must send troops out of Europe, 455, 460, 476.

unable to attack Savoy at sea, 455.

demands of, from Savoy, 458.

Savoy guaranteed against, 473, 476, 477, 485, 492.

will not treat Savoy as equal, 475;

designs of, against Savoy, 479.

anxious for peace, 476;

urged by James to make peace, 502.

invites emperor to arbitrate upon Cleves, 479.

increases forces near Cleves, 484.

preparations of, against pirates in Mediterranean, 484, 485, 554.

Council of, 488.

question of disarmament of, 497, 510, 516.

party of, in English Council, 505, 512.

ships of, roughly handled by English pirate, 509.

influence of, over James and his ministers, 510, 512.

proposed defensive union against, 511, 527.

influence of, in Imperial court, 514, 515.

evil plight of army of, 528.

withdraws troops from San Damiano, 530.

agrees to treaty of Asti from respect for James, 531.

sends troops to Padelborn, 533.

strengthens position and blames Dutch, 544.

more modest in speaking of Savoy, 548.

boasted strength of, 551.

designs of, favoured by civil war in France, 558.

fears of fleet of, 559.

designs of, feared by Dutch, 565.

not fulfilling terms of treaty of Asti, 572.

Spalato [Dalmatia], 471.

Spifame, Samuel, seigneur des Bisseaux, Buisseaux, ambassador of France in England, 3, 172, 262, 263, 274, 319;

negotiating for English marriage, 22;

confidences of, with Foscarini, 55, 72, 77;

told of negotiations for Spanish marriage, 93;

frequently with Caron, 135;

consents to release of Went-worth, 139 and note;

objects to the Princes approaching James 161;

manner in which received by King of Denmark, 180;

sees ambassador of Neuburg, 181;

suspicious of Spinola, 184;

incites James against Spain, 193, 194;

protests French, troops in Savoy will not be recalled, 210;

opinion of counterbalancing forces in Spain, 220;

interviews Caron, 272;

sees Winwood, 286;

has permission to return, 307;

takes leaves of king, 328;

reported as engaged on marriage negotiations, 338;

reports on English help to Savoy, 349, 350;

points laid by James before, 356;

Foscarini obtains information from, 495.

-, -, audiences of James, 67, 101, 107, 130, 132, 147, 152, 181, 187, 195, 211, 220, 224, 225, 231, 293, 296, 299.

-, -, conversations of, with Foscarini, 55, 64, 70, 72, 73, 77, 181, 182, 208, 212, 219, 239, 245, 266, 281.

-, -, nephew of, 188.

Spinelli, Gasparo, Venetian Resident at Naples, letters to, 345, 536;

despatch of, 420.

Spinola, Ambrose, Marquis of Benaffro, 140, 201, 231, 264, 289, 296, 297, 301, 316, 324, 334, 338, 342, 343, 344, 353, 356, 401, 446, 512, 553, 559.

(1614), disbands troops, 103;

prepares to take the field, 162;

assembles troops near Maastricht, 166;

sends for Bucquoi, 178;

progress of his arms, 186;

marches on Wesel, 194;

acts in name of Neuburg, 196;

captures Wesel, 196, 201–203;

proposes to beleaguer Juliers, 202;

negotiates for armistice, 203;

reported to have taken all Cleves and Juliers, 205;

takes Xanten, 208;

negotiations with Maurice, 211;

strengthens Wesel, 211–213;

desires a long truce, 217;

desires negotiations to be conducted in his camp, 226;

scarcity in camp of, 228, 229, 232;

refuses to dismantle Wesel, 230;

withdraws from Xanten, 231;

negotiations with, at Xanten, 232–235;

has opportunity to rout Maurice, 236;

unwilling to restore Wesel, 237, 295;

informed Dutch will make war if he does not restore, 240;

remains passive during negotiations, 242;

professes great respect for emperor, 252;

objections to treaty of Xanten, 264, 274;

promises required from, 265, 267;

Burgundians withdraw from, 271;

increases his forces, 275;

ordered not to accept peace, 280;

presents document to Maurice to sign, 283;

doubles garrison of Wesel, 287;

goes to Brussels to negotiate, 288.

(1615), action of, approved in Spain, 297;

reported willing to make restitution, 299;

formulas to be signed by, 306–308, 326, 335;

justifies action to Spain, 310;

asks for James's reasons, 389;

forces of, easily increased, 389;

takes Syburg, 410;

fortifies places occupied, 463;

ready to enter France, 558;

goes to Brussels, 564.

Spires, bishop of. See Soetern, Philip Christian von.

States, the. See Netherlands.

Stettin, 512.

-, conference between Poland and Sweden at, 562.

Stewart, Patrick, earl of Orkney, imprisoned at Dumbarton, 264.

-, -, bastard son of, revolt of, 264.

Sticke, Christopher, ambassador of Brandenburg in England, 327, 335, 369, 390, 421, 535;

arrival of, 344, 353;

urges James to take a resolution, 359;

interview with Foscarini, 370, 383, 399, 400, 410, 418, 440;

dissatisfaction with James, 376;

interviews Winwood, 382, 416;

audiences of, 414;

presses for a decision, 422;

fears Spain in Germany, 447;

distrusts Spanish assurances, 448;

asks for leave to go, 479, 499;

friendly with Foscarini, 494;

Foscarini obtains information from, 495, 522, 545;

informed of Spanish proposals by James, 505;

instructions to, 512;

decides not to persuade Dutch to accept James's proposals, 551;

news for, 561;

Winwood replies to, 565.

Stirling [Scotland], 46.

Strait, the. See Gibraltar, Strait of.

Stuart, Ludovic, duke of Lennox, negotiates for French marriage for Prince Charles, 4, 11, 12, 14, 18, 22, 23, 28.

-, -, asks for command of Scottish archers, 5, 19, 23.

-, -, created earl of Richmond, 68.

-, -, proposed to send to christening of Palatine's son, 93;

but not sent, 98.

-, -, attends parliament, 115.

-, -, alarmed at James's anger with Sarmiento, 212.

-, -, dines with Foscarini, 523.

-, -, gives information to Foscarini, 563, 571.

Stuttgart, Wirtemburg, news from, 558.

Suarez, book of, burned in France, 165;

pope afraid to touch, 321.

Subsidy, estimated value of, 101.

Suffolk, earl of. See Howard, Thomas.

Sully, duke of. See Bethune, Maximilien de.

Sumatra, 344.

Surat, Portugese defeated off, 81 n.

Surian, Andrea, Venetian Resident at Milan, despatches of, 9, 12, 16, 19, 28, 30, 66, 91, 100, 104.

-, Cristoforo, Venetian Secretary at Rome, despatches of, 183.

-, -, Venetian Secretary to the Swiss, despatches of, 566.

Susa, 325.

Sweden, 23, 244.

-, king of. See Gustavus, Adolphus.

-, ambassador of, at the Hague, 65, 117, 119, 383.

-, war with Denmark, 143;

rivalry with Denmark, 181.

-, bad state of affairs of, 227;

league of, with Dutch, 383.

-, conference with Poland at Stettin, 562.

Swiss, 331, 420, 433, 537.

-, relations with Venice, 17, 77, 78, 84.

-, relations with France, 77, 89.

-, relations with Spain, 77.

-, in Protestant alliance, 57, 69, 84, 85.

-, levies for France, 86, 118.

-, -, stopped by the Princes, 99.

-, influence of James with, 88.

-, levies in service of Savoy, 174, 175, 261, 438, 451 n;

Barnevelt favours relations between Savoy and, 239.

-, levies dismissed, 546.

-, levies for Venice, 424.

-, Spaniards dislike Venetian league with, 142.

-, support French princes, 188.

-, negotiations of Barbarigo with, 147, 175, 355, 473;

Carleton offers to assist, 190–192, 215, 217, 220;

thanks for, 193;

report of, 197;

Carleton negotiates with, for league with Venice, 268.

-, league with Venice, 200;

assisted by Savoy, 236.

-, proposal to send Carleton's secretary to, 243, 246–248, 286.

-, mercenaries, judged by their officers, 193;

go to help Savoy, 255, 361, 365;

in favour of Savoy, 406.

-, in service of Spain, 304;

asked to close the passes, 337;

James favours league of with Venice, 421;

Carleton writes to, 451.

-, in service of Savoy, 496, 501;

obligations of, to Milan, 497;

James wishes to include in Union, 511.

-, recover trade with Milan, 518.

-, Venetian ambassadors and agents to. See Barbarigo, Gregorio;

Surian, Cristoforo.

Syburg [Westphalia], taken by Archduke Albert, 400, 410, 414, 415.

-, made neutral, 426, 440.

Syria, Dutch trade with, 154.

Syrian coarse silk, trade in, 146.