S

Sabbiaoli, —, Spanish Naval Commander, 1054.

Sackville, Thomas, Lord Buckhurst, Lord High Treasurer, his signature to treaty with Dutch, 773;

waited on, by Venetian agent, 1132.

Sagredo, Ser Nicolò, Venetian councillor, 1105.

Sail-cloth, trade in between France and Turkey, 426.

St. Alifonso, miracle worked by finger of, 725.

St. Andrew, fort built by Spanish in 1599,

avoided by fresh cut canal, 839,

handed over to Dutch, 889.

St. Antonio, Cape of, 438.

Saint Esprit, order of, 256.

St. George, Cardinal, 667.

St. Germains, 1007.

St. Helena, or Elena, Island of, 93, 484, 666.

St. James, “order” of, in Spain. See “Knightly Orders.”

St. Leger, —, his death in Ireland, 883.

St. Mary, near Seville, port of, 566.

St. Michael in the Azores, 635, 640. See Azores.

St. Luc, M. de, at siege of Amiens, 602, 604.

St. Malo, naval contingent from, for England 570.

St. Pol, M. de, cowardice of, 424;

his flight from Amiens and capture of wife, 553, 556;

his cowardice, 558;

receives, as governor of Picardy, surrender of fortresses by Spain, 705.

St. Quintin, threatened (1592) siege of, 11;

mentioned, 633, 637, 641, 648, 651, 656.

St. Thomas, island of, sacked by Dutch, 866.

St. Vincent, Cape, 148, 153, 171, 432, 463, 479, 481, 583, 607, 653, 682, 685, 738.

Saitlari, 906,

Salonica, 173.

Salt, Flemish ships, in Spain, laden with, 479;

seized by English at Evizza, 682;

fetched from Setubal by French, 795,

-, monopoly of, in France, loan secured on, 367.

Saltpetre, bought by Venetian Republic in England, 1155.

Saluzzo, Marquisate of, question of, referred to Pope, 698;

expected breach between France and Spain over, 780, 782, 845, 889;

Turkish suspicions touching arrangement with Savoy concerning, 856;

proposed exchange with Savoy, 875;

breach imminent between France and Spain over, 892, 911, 912, 915, 916, 919;

retained by Savoy, after war with France, 948.

Salzburg, 182.

Sambugal, Count of, 458.

San Domingo, islands off, captured by English, 566.

San Francesco, brethren of, 211.

San Lucar, 153, 154, 343, 470, 474, 484, 493.

San Nicholas, in Muscovy, Danish and Dutch trade with, 813, 922. See Riga.

San Sebastian, 709.

San Zorzi di Grevani in Zante, 1151.

Sanci, M. de, on mission to England, 383, 384, 385, 390, 397, 398, 419, 423, 431, 433, 445, 449, 453, 464, 504;

with Henry IV., 455;

Huguenot views of, 483;

reproached by Henry IV., as author of Spanish war, 571. See Sansi.

Sanci diamond, the famous, 399, 461.

Sanguinazzo, George, 290, 293, 295.

Sanjak of the Morea, lieutenant of, Turkish official, 1117;

Venetian consul's letter to, 1120;

Venetian agent's visit to, interview with his brother, 1124, 1125;

new Sanjak, letter to, 1147.

Sanquhair, Lord. See Crichton, Robert.

Sausi, M. de, his son-in-law killed in duel, twenty aside, 862;

proposed appointment of his brother as Ambassador of France at the Porte, 876. See Sanci.

Sanseverino, Ludovico Vimercato, letters from, to Piero Duodo, Venetian Ambassador in France, 602, 604.

Santa Cruz, Marquis of, brother to Don Alonzo de Bazan, 457, 458, 463, 519, 666;

wounded, 1085.

Santa Margarita island, captured by English, 566.

Santa Marta island with pearl fishery, captured by English, 566.

Santa Maura, vessels of, 1124.

Santa Severina, Cardinal, his misplaced trust in a French renegade, 67.

Sapienza, channel of, 1118.

-, island of, 1122, 1125, 1126, 1127, 1137, 1150.

Sardines, French trade in, 976.

Sarmenta, Don Garcia, executed for treachery, 478.

Sausages, English trade in, with Turkey, 1119.

Savari, François de, Sieur de Breves, (1592), intrigue against uncle, 67, 74, 79, 82, 113, 114, 115, 117.

-, -, -, appointment as French Ambassador sought, 74, 82, 89, 92.

-, -, -, acting agent for France, 114.

-, -, -, French rivals consigned by, to galleys, 114.

-, -, (1593), acts with English Ambassador, 123, 131.

-, -, -, appointed Ambassador, 145, 156, 159.

-, -, -, taxes French trade for up-keep of Embassy, 156.

-, -, -, urges despatch of Turkish fleet, 164, 187, 198, 201, 204, 218, 236.

-, -, -, supports Venetian policy, 169.

-, -, -, communicates with Sultan through women of harem, 172.

-, -, -, personal influence with Turk, and official insignificance, 189.

-, -, -, quarrels with English Ambassador, 201.

-, -, -, questioned in relation to escape of prisoners, 213.

-, -, -, attends church to render thanks for Henry IV.'s “conversion,” 223.

-, -, -, effects of “conversion” explained by, to Turk, 227.

-, -, (1594), relations with French consul, 276, 277, 278.

-, -, -, his failure to get Turkish fleet despatched, 284.

-, -, -, refused a loan by Venetian colleague, 319.

-, -, (1595), intrigue against Venice, 326.

-, -, -, prevented by poverty from saluting new Sultan, 332.

-, -, -, announces declaration of war by France on Spain, 346.

-, -, (1596), opposition of, to England, 392.

-, -, -, proposes to sail with Turkish fleet, 404.

-, -, -, his action quâ Marseilles, 402, 417.

-, -, -, diamond transaction of, 447.

-, -, -, to join Turkish army, 465, 472,

prevented by poverty, 512.

-, -, -, causes Paul Mariani, the French consul, to be hung, 524;

anger of English Ambassador at, 529;

surprise of Henry IV. at his action, 556.

-, -, (1597), kisses hands and presses for fleet against Spain, 535;

bad relations of, with Barton, 535, 542.

-, -, complaints of, against English in Levant, 622.

-, -, (1598), requests Veuetian intervention for M. de Lanscosme, 680.

-, -, (1599–1600), his quarrel with English Ambassador founded on question of French jurisdiction in Levant, 821, 825;

fresh quarrel, 846;

renewed, 878, 887, 890, 901, 923.

-, -, -, recalled, his application to go home, 856,

refused, 857, 864;

Cicala's insults to, 857;

his secretary arrives in France, to raise money for his return, 876;

question of his successor, 876.

-, -, -, scheme of, for excluding English commerce from Turkish waters, 923.

-, -, -, procures dismissal of English Consul at Aleppo, 926.

-, -, -, his scheme for protection of French shipping in Levant, 931.

-, -, (1601,

continued in his office by authority from France, 941.

-, -, -, works with English Ambassador against Spain, 959.

-, -, -, opposes claims of English, quâ traders under flag, 969, 976,

defeated, 983.

-, -, -, engaged in wine trade, 989,

his action on prohibition of use of wine in Constantinople, 997.

-, -, -, abused by Cicala as Spanish spy of sixteen years' standing, 1031, 1045;

consoled and supported from home, 1067.

-, -, (1602), joint action of, with English Ambassador, 1067.

-, -, -, advocates league against Turk, 1070.

-, -, -, his reports discredited by Turk, 1082.

Savari, Lanscosme, Jacques de, French Ambassador, accredited by Henry III., at the Porte, (1592), story of his scandalous treatment, 67, 74, 79, 82, 87, 110, 113, 114, 115, 117, 123, 140.

-, -, -, arrives at Rome, 178, 211.

-, -, -, urges despatch of Ambassador to Persia on Pope, 220.

-, -, -, pardon sought for, from Henry IV., 680.

-, -, -, incident of his embassy, 923.

Savoy, (1592), relations with, of League cease, 54.

-, -, Spanish Ambassadors to, 84, 136.

-, -, relations with Tuscany, 87.

-, -, money sought by, from Spain, 154.

-, (1596), peace between, and France, 435, 491.

-, (1597), correspondence of Henry IV. intercepted in, 620.

-, (1598), represented at negotiations for peace of Vervins, 663, 681, 687, 693.

-, Duke of, brother-in-law of Philip III., to be included (1598) in peace of Vervins, 698;

arrangement with (1601) touching Saluzzo, Turkish suspicion of, 856, 875;

promotes discord between France and Spain, 892, 911;

reported war between, and France, 912, 915;

terms of peace (1601) between, and France, 948, 984;

his claims to Milan, 1035;

his “justification,” to Queen Elizabeth, of designs on Geneva (1603), 1142.

Saxony, Duke of, arrests Prince of Transylvania in Pomerania, 836.

-, House of, proposed marriage of Henry IV. with daughter of, 791.

Scaramelli, Giovanni Carlo, Secretary to the Venetian Senate, sent as agent of the Republic to England (1603), his instructions, 1113,

his credentials, 1114,

protection for, 1115;

arrives at Calais, 1131,

in England, 1132;

memorial presented by, to Queen, 1133;

his instructions, 1134;

received in audience, 1135;

success of, in obtaining restitution for Venetians of goods from Queen Elizabeth, 1142;

nature of his mission officially explained, in France, 1145;

despatch to, from Venetian Senate, 1155;

seeks audience of the Queen, 1159;

description of his reception by the Privy Council, 1171.

-, despatches from, to Doge and Senate, 1131, 1132, 1135, 1136, 1142, 1143, 1152, 1154, 1159, 1160, 1163, 1169, 1171.

Sciavus Pasha, appointed (1592) Grand Vizier, 53, 56, 79, 82;

desirous of fitting out fleet 57;

hopes to be bought off by Spain, 64;

English influence with, 96, 127;

deposed (1593), 131;

in remainder for Grand Viziership, 213;

his plot (1594) to obtain, thwarted, 269;

his reappointment (1598) probable, 678.

Scilly Isles, 634.

Scotland, (1592), reported attack on King by captain late in the service of Duke of Parma, 37.

-, -, title of Duke of Lancaster sought for King of, 77.

-, -, attack on King of, by Earl of Bethune (Bothwell), 98.

-, (1593), conspiracy against King of, promoted by Spain, 138.

-, -, English aid for, against Catholics, 167.

-, (1594), Ambassador of, in Paris (the Archbishop of Glasgow), dismissed after thirty years' service, 279.

-, -, Ambassadors to meet in, at baptism of King's son, 303, 306.

-, -, secret embassy from, to Spain, 318.

-, (1595), offer of troops from, for Imperial German service, 367.

-, -, Scottish and English plotters against Elizabeth, in Madrid, 369.

-, -, troops from, employed in France, 379.

-, -, King of, his title to English crown, 379, 414, 702.

-, (1596), war of, against Orkneys, 414.

-, -, disgust of King of, with Spain, 414.

-, -, Catholics from, with Cadiz expedition, desert to enemy, 473.

-, -, Catholics and Protestants in, trouble between, 540.

-, (1598), James Beaton, Archbishop of Glasgow, Ambassador from, to France, 702.

-, -, King of, a concealed Roman Catholic, 702.

-, -, -, included in treaty of Vervins, 706.

-, -, -, his claims to English throne urged by King of Denmark, 709, 712.

-, -, Lord Crichton of Sanquhair of, at Prague, 761.

-, (1599), “Scottish Royal Guard,” duel between archers of, 766.

-, -, reported recognition of King of, by Queen Elizabeth, as her heir, her exhortations to him, 770.

-, -, French embassy to, 800;

English suspicious of, 809, 827.

-, -, reported demand by King of, to be recognised as heir to English throne, 810.

-, -, outrage on Baron of, by English Ambassador, 813.

-, -, Elizabeth's suspicion of King of, 820.

-, -, publications by Scottish advocate, against Jesuits, prohibited in Paris, 823.

-, (1600), embassy from King of, to Spain, to secure support for his succession to English throne, 834, 852, 889, 1001.

-, -, attitude of, to proposed match of Henry IV. and Arabella Stuart, 883.

-, -, relations of, with Denmark and Spain, 889.

-, -, Gowrie conspiracy against King of, 920.

-, (1601), King's connexion with Essex plot, 971, 973, 975;

his claim to be recognised as Prince of Wales, 975;

to be made an English subject, 996;

the Queen's suspicions as to his Spanish negotiations to same end, 1001.

-, -, embassy from to France, to congratulate Henry IV. on marriage, English suspicious of, 1007;

purposes of embassy, 1015, 1025.

-, -, Scottish tribal aid for Tyrone's rebellion, 1025.

-, -, French embassy at, 1025, 1084.

-, -, offer by, of infantry for suppression of Irish rebellion, accepted by England, 1029, 1036;

significance of proceeding, 1036, 1043;

service done by, 1047.

-, (1602), pressure put on, by Spain, to detach from English alliance, 1052.

-, -, reported refusal by England to King of, of right of succession to English crown, 1077;

his succession considered certain, 1084.

-, -, Ambassador Extraordinary from, to France, 1092,

nature of his mission, 1094.

-, -, extradition of — Humbey, obtained from England, 1101.

-, (1603), prudence and policy of King of, in last years of Queen Elizabeth's life, 1132.

-, -, descent of royal house of, from Tudors, 1143.

-, -, personal description of King of, 1143.

-, -, suicide of conspirator against King of, 1152.

-, -, King's claim to throne supported in England, 1154, 1159, 1163.

-, -, Venetian agent's interviews with King's agent, 1163,

with Ambassador of, in London, 1164.

-, -, King's succession to English throne assured, 1165, 1166, 1167, 1168, 1169.

-, -, King of, proclaimed as James I. in London, 1169, 1170, 1174, 1175, 1176.

Scots, Mary Queen of. See Mary.

Scutari, 156.

Scuttaretto, 903.

Search, right of, 1006, 1072, 1074.

Sebastian, Don, King of Portugal, personated by a pastry-cook, 361;

his Moorish expedition, 544;

personated at Venice, 765, 964, 967.

Sebenico, Venice vulnerable at, 140.

Segovia, building erected at, by Philip II., 709.

Selvago, Matheca, dragoman to Venetian embassy, 311.

Sempill, Lord, exile in Spain, 1164.

Senescey, Baron of. See Baufremont.

Senlis, surprised (1593) by League, 120, 124.

Senna, trade in, 654, 1126.

Sepulchre, Holy, monks at, under French protection, 876.

Serafatin, Judas, Portuguese Jew, settled in Turkey, his diplomatic mission from Porte to Spain, 405, 408, 412, 416, 436, 491.

Seralva, Marquis of, (1592), his death, 84,

Sessa, Duke of. See Gonzalvo,

Setubal, 345, 583, 795.

Seville, 137, 148, 153, 166, 17l, 210, 259, 344, 476;

threatened (1596) by English, 463, 466, 470, 473, 474, 484;

mentioned, 566, 618, 738, 865;

office of Secretaryship of, sold, 870.

Sevior, Pedro de, 1049.

Seymour, Edward, Earl of Hertford, descent of, from house of Tudor, 1143;

his action re his grandson's intrigue with Arabella Stuart, 1168;

reported rising of, 1169.

-, Jane, mother of Edward VI., 1143.

-, Thomas (? William), his intrigue with Arabella Stuart, 1143, 1154, 1159;

details of, 1168.

Sherley, Albert, brother of Anthony, 922, 959, (?) 1156.

-, Anthony, Knt., his embassy from Persia to Europe, 922, 925, 927, 930, 934, 937, 939, 940, 942, 943, 944, 945, 952, 954, 955, 956, 957;

his arrival in England, 958;

a blood relation of the Queen, 959;

awaited at Rome, 962;

opposition to, 970;

arrival of, at Rome, 972;

his co-ambassador's jealousy of, 974;

reception of, at Rome, 979, 982;

Turkish jealousy of, 984;

English support of, in Rome, 985;

leaves Rome, 992, 993;

his colleague arrives in Spain, 1003,

leaves for Portugal, 1028;

represented in Constantinople, by English Ambassador, as English rebel, 1031;

his brother Thomas expected to join, 1142.

-, Thomas, brother of Anthony, his alleged piracy in Levant, his parentage, 1142;

seized by inhabitants of Zea, 1147, 1148, 1150, 1153;

reported mutiny of his crew, 1150.

Ship-building, Turkish, 417, 427.

Ships, “Angel,” English, in Levant, 1153.

-, “Balbi,” galley called, 1150.

-, “Bersatona,” of Canea, plundered by English, 1149, 1150, 1151, 1153.

-, “Black Lion,” seized by Spanish, 149.

-, “Blessing of God,” of Plymouth, in Levant, 1147.

-, “Caldiera,” captured by English pirates, 1150, 1151,

deposition of her Master, 1156.

-, “Cherubim,” Captain Abraham Claves, English ship in Levant, 1125.

-, “Colombo” at Zante, 1147.

-, “Darling,” Captain Thomas Cox, English merchant ship in Levant, assists Venetians, 1117, 1124, 1125.

-, “Dragon,” piracy by, at Milo, 1149, 1150, 1151, 1153, 1156.

-, “Experience” or “Basadonna,” of Venice, sequestered in England, 781.

-, Flemish (? Dutch), chartered in Venice, 1137, 1147;

Thomas Sherley repulsed by a, 1153.

-, “Fontana,” 426.

-, “Fox.” See “Veniera.”

-, “Gagliana,” captured by English, 959.

-, “George,” of Southampton, 1153.

-, “Griffin,” noted Flemish privateer in Levant, 987.

-, “Hector,” presents brought by, from England to Sultan, 806, 814.

-, “Lion,” English attack on, 622, 636.

-, “Mani,” of Lisbon, arrested by Spanish officials, 47.

-, “Martinella” or “Marinella,” captured off Paros by English, 959,

proves a Spanish capture, 961, 966.

-, “Martinenga,” Venetian, reported capture, by English pirates, 1151.

-, “Phœnix,” English, rapid passage of, home from Venice, 1152.

-, “Pigna,” of Portugal, sunk, 732.

-, “Ponte,” of Venice, seized by Dutch, 858, 859.

-, “Queen's private galleons of war” in England, 1132.

-, “Royal Exchange” reaches London, from Syria, 1136.

-, “Royal Merchant,” chartered by Scaramelli, 1154.

-, “Sacra,” Captain Thomas Cruder, English ship in Levant, 1117, 1125.

-, “Santa Maria,” of Venice, seized by English, 858, 859, 895.

-, “Sicuro,” of Zante, plundered by English pirates, 1138,

deposition of supercargo of, 1139,

English merchants in Zante held responsible for its sacking, 1141.

-, “Silvestra,” English attack on, 622, 636.

-, “Silvestra” arrives at Constantinople and salutes, 953.

-, “Speranza,” of Lubeck, captured by English, 1105,

cargo of, restored by Queen Elizabeth to Venetians, 1142.

-, “Stella,” of Venice, seized by Spaniards, 129,

released, 132.

-, “Sumacchia,” of Venice, or the “Santa Maria de Scopo,” trading from Zante, with raisins and sulphur, seized as English in Spain, 85, 101, 125,

released, 129, 132,

cargo detained, 147, 161,

bills of lading, 162, 163.

-, “Veniera and Company,” Master, Dandolo of Milo, taken by English pirates in Levant, 1118, 1122, 1124, 1125, 1126, 1127, 1133, 1134;

annoyance caused by, at English Court, 1142, 1154;

expected in Barbary, 1144;

renamed the “Fox,” 1153, 1156;

case of, considered by English Privy Council, 1171.

-, “Virala,” of Venice, seized by Spaniards, 129,

released, 132.

-, “Vidala” seized by English in Levant, 901.

-, “Zaguri” to carry Venetian Ambassador from Constantinople home, 196.

Ships, called “Filipoti,” 446.

-, of Curzola, released by English, claimed as salvage by Spanish squadron, 47.

Shrewsbury, Countess of. See Talbot, Elizabeth.

-, Earl of. See Talbot, Gilbert.

Sicilia, Father, S. J., letter from, 629B.

Sicily, discontent (1592) in, 3;

corn contract of, 47;

mentioned, 140;

Prince Doria to be (1593) Viceroy of, 234;

Turks urged (1596) by French to attack, 423.

Sicuro, Alessandro, 1139.

-, Girolamo, 1139.

Sifontes, Count of, 314.

Sigismund of Transylvania. See Transylvania.

Silivri, 197.

Silk, Turkish trade in, with England, 1119.

Sillery, M. de. See Bruslart, Nicolas.

Silva, Juan Gomez de, Spanish naval commander, 153.

Sinan Pasha, intrigue (1592) for his return as Grand Vizier, 40, 56;

his agreement (1593) with Count Marigliani, 128;

appointed Grand Vizier, 131;

advised to crush Venice, 140;

given full powers to prosecute German Avar, 189, 190, 197;

marches for Belgrade, 198, 206, 209, 211, 213;

his ill-health, 213;

suppresses bad news, 221;

arrives in Buda, retreats, 228;

reported strangled (1594) by Sultan's orders, 250;

Ferrad Pasha's estimate of, 315;

to be sent into retirement (1595) at Damascus, 332;

letter from (1596), to Polish Chancellor, 392, 393,

the reply, 409;

his death, 465;

his kiosk mentioned, 950.

Siracuse, 1128.

Skyro, port of, 1153.

Slave-trade, 297;

Negro petition against, 389.

Sluis, fall of, 461;

Frederico Spinola at, 1131.

Smith, Ottiwell, attached to Sir R. Cecil's mission (1598) to France, 664.

Smyrna, English trade with, 1140.

Soap, Turkish trade in, 1031.

Sofia, 213.

Soissons, 329.

-, Count of, 73.

-, Duke of, his marriage to the Infanta suggested, 77.

Somerset, Duke of. See Fitzroy, Henry.

Soranzo, Francesco, Venetian Ambassador in Spain, despatches from, 700, 701, 707, 708, 709, 711, 712, 714, 715, 717, 718, 719, 720, 721, 722, 727, 728, 732, 734, 736, 737, 738, 741, 744, 745, 749, 751, 753, 754, 755, 756, 757, 760, 763, 764, 767, 771, 775, 780, 782, 788, 792, 794, 795, 798, 799, 802, 805, 808, 812, 816, 820, 826, 834, 837, 841, 847, 852, 860, 861, 866, 870, 871, 872, 877, 879, 880, 889, 892, 897, 899, 902, 908, 909, 913, 915, 919, 920, 924, 933, 938, 947, 948, 958, 965, 971, 973, 981, 991, 994, 998, 999, 1002, 1003, 1005, 1009, 1021, 1028, 1032, 1046, 1050.

Sorbonne (1592) and religious discussion, 76.

Sottomayor, Don Alonzo de, 421.

Southampton, privateers fitted out at, 1153.

Spa, Duke of Parma at, 86.

Spahis, lax discipline of, 198, 951,

revolt of, 969.

Spain, (1592), shipping of, harassed by English, 3, 6, 21, 50, 59, 84, 90, 93, 98, 100, 111, 112.

-, -, military operations of, in France. See Parma.

-, -, negotiations of, with Turkey for truce, 13, 28, 35, 36, 40, 45, 51, 74, 81, 89, 92, 194, 113, 114.

-, -, European policy of, sketched by English Ambassador at the Porte, 14, 40.

-, -, peace desired by, in Flanders, 41, 46.

-, -, condition of navy of, 46.

-, -, embezzlement in, by ministers, 47.

-, -, illtreatment of own merchantmen, 47.

-, -, seizure by, of ships of Marseilles, 48.

-, -, refusal of, to occupy French territory, 50.

-, -, deserted by princes of League, 54.

-, -, outrages by soldiery of, in France, 80.

-, -, subventions to Frenchmen refused by, 84.

-, -, money supplied by, and promises made, to League, 90.

-, -, naval preparations of, against England, 90.

-, -, intrigues in, against Duke of Parma, 94.

-, -, finances of, deranged by English attacks on treasure ships, 100.

-, -, policy of, sketched by Henry IV., in letter to the Sultan, 115.

-, (1593), command of troops of, in France, promised to Duke of Mayenne, 118.

-, -, endangered by Turkish naval preparations, 121, 136.

-, -, American possessions of, threatened by force under Drake, 121.

-, -, Captain General of, in Flanders, 122, 138.

-, -, Turkish negotiations with, for truce, 128.

-, -, naval preparations of, against England, 129.

-, -, embezzlement in, of national revenue, 133.

-, -, West India fleet of, losses in, 137, 148, 152, 153, 212.

-, -, own officers looted by soldiers of, in Flanders, 138.

-, -, intrigues of, in Scotland, 138.

-, -, money sent from, to League, 141, 143, 152.

-, -, French policy of, and relations to Portugal, 143.

-, -, supposed designs of, on Provence, 145.

-, -, ill-news suppressed at Madrid, 148.

-, -, preparations in, against King's death, 150.

-, -, loan at 12 per cent raised by, 152.

-, -, desperate state of finances of, 153.

-, -, scarcity of money in, through delays and losses in W. India fleet, 154.

-, -, naval combination of England and Turkey dreaded by, 155.

-, -, defenceless state of, 158.

-, -, W. India fleet of, safe with treasure, at the Azores, 166, 171, 183, 210.

-, -, English defeated by, in naval action near Bordeaux, 166.

-, -, capture by, of three English ships, 171.

-, -, negotiations by, for truce with Turkey, 172.

-, -, design in, to secure election of Infanta of, as Queen of France, 186.

-, -, naval policy of Turk against, 187, 190, 197.

-, -, Moors of Valencia to join Turk against, 190.

-, -, invoice of treasure ships of, 210.

-, -, successful invasion of England a necessity of policy of, 231, 251.

-, -, seizure of Calais by, attempted, 233.

-, -, ship of East India convoy captured by English, 234.

-, (1594), fishery concession in, to Venetian Company. See Algarve.

-, -, troops of, massed against France, 248.

-, -, pearl fishery, belonging to, off Peru, sacked by English, 253.

-, -, naval losses to English, off Lisbon, 257, 268, 297, 299.

-, -, defence preparations of, in Portugal, against English, 259, 260, 268, 280, 306, 458.

-, -, reputed design of, to embroil Venice and Turk, 264, 273.

-, -, grandees of, jealous of their King, 272.

-, -, plot for assassination of Elizabeth hatched in. See Lopez, Dr.

-, -, West India flotilla of, threatened by English, 280.

-, -, sack of island off, by English, 283.

-, -, garrisons of, in Brittany, threatened by English and French, 283, 316.

-, -, finances of, alienation of crown fiefs, 286.

-, -, money voluntarily subscribed in, and in W. Indies, “against heretics,” 286.

-, -, gains and losses of, from and to English, 288, 304, 320.

-, -, ships of, under Doria, beaten off by English, 296.

-, -, treasure ship of, destroyed by English off the Azores, description of fight, 297, 299.

-, -, treasure fleet leaves Havana for, 306.

-, -, Italian possessions of, attacked by Turkish fleet, 307.

-, -, failures of, in Flanders and Picardy, 307.

-, -, non-arrival in, of W. Indian treasure fleet, 308, 323.

-, -, plot to assassinate Queen Elizabeth hatched by Ambassador of, in France, 310.

-, -, Calabria left undefended by, from Turkish attack, to save Brittany, 311, 333.

-, -, coast defences of, 313, (1595) 345, 353.

-, -, rumoured accord of, with England, 314, 338.

-, -, secret embassy from Scotland in, 318.

-, (1595), papal mission to, for league against Turk, 325, 330.

-, -, effect of Turkish war on continental politics of, 327.

- -, war declared against, by Henry IV. of France, 331, 376.

-, -, naval preparations of, against England and Turkey, 337, 338, 356.

-, -, treasure fleet awaited in, 344, 347,

arrives, 348, 349.

-, -, marriage of heir apparent of, to princess of Austria, 344.

-, -, troops of, in Bearn, 360.

-, -, plot against, in Portugal, 361.

-, -, papal interference in, 362.

-, -, Drake's design against, on continent of America, 364, 373.

-, -, ships of, from Brittany, burn three English villages, (scil. Mousehole, Newlyn, and Penzance), 366.

-, -, naval squadrons of, disposed to make rush for England, in event of queen's decease, 369.

-, -, assailed by English in Trinidad, 373.

-, -, strength of, as compared with France, 374.

-, -, great naval preparations of, 381, 386,

dread of, in England, 384, 394.

-, -, policy of, the isolation of England, 384.

-, (1596), policy of, quâ Holland, retrospect and proposals, 388.

-, -, squadron despatched from, against Drake, 394, 395.

-, -, Dutch trading vesssls admitted to Spanish ports, 388,

the like privilege demanded for English, 396.

-, -, attack on England abandoned, 938.

-, -, truce with, desired by Elizabeth, 399,

by France, 400,

by Turkey, 402.

-, -, Jew sent to, from Turkey, to negotiate truce, 405, 408, 412, 416, 436, 491.

-, -, aid from, for Irish rebels, 406, 432, 458.

-, -, English ship captured by, 413.

-, -, Calais besieged by, 423, 424, 428,

taken, 429, 431, 433,

-, -, French designs against, viâ Sicily, 423.

-, -, Calais, as price of peace between, and England, 431.

-, -, defeat of Drake by, 437, 438.

-, -, peace with England, negotiations for, 441.

-, -, supplies from, for Emperor, 446.

-, capture of Ardres by, 448.

-, -, designs of, on Brest, 448.

-, -, expedition against, leaves England, 449, 453,

alarm occasioned by, 450, 463,

Cadiz sacked by, and subsequent movements of, 463, 466, 469, 470, 471, 473, 476, 479, 480, 485, 487, 492, 494, 498.

-, -, Sluis taken by, 461.

-, -, national hatred of England in, provoked by Cadiz expedition, 475, 478.

-, -, appropriation of supplies in, 478.

-, -, Portuguese hatred of, 463, 479.

-, -, Hulst taken by, 482.

-, -, effect on, of sack of Cadiz, 488, 502.

-, -, safe arrival of W. India treasure fleet in, 493.

-, -, naval preparations in, against England, 497, 498, 502, 506,

details of, 508.

-, -, Venetian grain trade and, 501.

-, -, Dutch grain trade and, 504.

-, -, troops from, landed in Ireland, 504, 510.

-, -, official lists of “Armada” of, 508,

its destination, 511, 517,

delayed by storms, 519.

-, -, relations of, to France and England, 526.

-, -, English preparations against 528, (1597) 531, 538, 544, 548, 553, 557, 566, 569, 572.

-, (1597), summary of forces of, in France, 541.

-, -, forces of, in Ireland, reported cut up, 545

-, -, English attacks on, in the Congo and Peru, 531.

-, -, peace negotiations of, with France, 533, 536, 537, 543, 547, 549, 550, 552, 557, 562, 575, 578, 579, 584, 586, 587, 588, 595, 597, 605, 610, 632, 633, 644, 645.

-, -, value to, of Calais, 549.

-, -, Amiens taken by, 553. See Amiens.

-, -, loans to, by Fuggers, 557,

refused, 569, 570.

-, -, leading officers in, accused of sacking own ships, 564.

-, -, forces of, at Ferrol, 570.

-, -, difficulty of recruiting in, 570, 580, 589.

-, -, “trades” in, taxed, 580.

-, -, English Roman Catholic refugees in, 589.

-, -, barbarities of Spaniards, 589.

-, -, mutiny of unpaid Spanish garrison, 591.

-, -, Florentine galleys of, fired on at Marseilles, 596.

-, -, naval preparations in, 612, 618.

-, -, loss of Amiens by. See Amiens.

-, -, Jew employed by, to negotiate truce with Turkey, 515, 622, 644, 776.

-, -, French attack on, in Catalonia, 618, 619, 635, 700.

-, -, plenary power to Cardinal Archduke to treat on behalf of, with Henry IV., 620.

-, -, peace negotiations of, with France, 620.

-, -, commerce of, at Ormuz, spoiled by English, 624.

-, -, treasure fleet of, at the Azores, 625, 635, 653, 659,

reaches home, 666.

-, -, attack by, on England (at Falmouth) imminent, 628,

delivered, 629, 630, 634, 638.

-, -, enormous arrears of pay due to mutinous troops of, 645, 658, 691.

-, (1598), cat-hunting in, 653.

-, -, English naval preparations against, 676.

-, -, Earl of Cumberland's blockade of, 679, 682. See Lisbon.

-, -, negotiations of, leading to peace of Vervins, 648, 650, 651, 656, 658, 661, 663, 664, 665, 667, 668, 669, 670, 672, 674, 675, 677, 681, 684, 686. See Vervins.

-, -, opinion in, of peace of Vervins, 697, 708.

-, -, Flanders renounced by, 683, 690, 712.

-, -, names of hostages for delivery by, of fortresses to France, 682,

their release, 715.

-, -, desire in England for peace with, 695, 704.

-, -, garrisons of, in Ardres and Doulans, mutiny, 705.

-, -, peace with England desired by, 708, 712, 716, 726.

-, -, Turkish fleet sails against, 719.

-, -, French Ambassador insulted in, 722.

-, -, bread riots in, 728, 732.

-, -, death of King. See Philip II.

-, -, treasure fleet awaited in, 738, 744, 751, 763,

arrives, 771.

-, -, news of sack of Porto Ricco reaches, 741.

-, -, preparations in, for relief of Porto Ricco, 744, 745, 747, 750, 751, 754.

-, -, opinion of late king's policy in, 744.

-, -, lack of money in, 744, 751.

-, -, negotiations for truce between, and Turkey, 748.

-, -, position of, in Flanders, after the renunciation, 749.

-, -, dread in, of united Dutch and English fleets, 751, 754, 760, 795.

-, -, Dutch shipping seized in, 755.

-, -, plague and famine in, 757.

-, -, plot hatched in, to assassinate Queen Elizabeth, 758.

-, -, negotiations of, viâ Flanders, for peace with England, 756, 758, 759, 760, 778, 786, 788, 789, 793, 802, 807, 808.

-, -, preparations of, for renewed war with England, 759, 760, 763, 764, 767, 775, 787.

-, -, money to be raised in, by grist tax, 760.

-, -, French ships bringing provisions to, seized by English, 762, 777, 778.

-, (1599), fear in, of Turkish fleet, 763.

-, -, privateering sanctioned by, 764.

-, -, embargo imposed by, on all shipsin Portuguese harbours, 768, 786.

-, -, arrival of treasure fleet in, 771, 782.

-, -, reported landing of troops from, in Ireland, 772.

-, -, appointment of Ambassador from, to France, 774.

-, -, military stores intended for, seized in England, 775.

-, -, Jewish agent of, in Turkey, to leave, 776.

-, -, trouble between, and France, over Saluzzo, 780, 782, 845, 856, 875, 889, 892.

-, -, English attack feared in, 794.

-, -, English fleet, as supposed, sighted off Galicia, 788, 792,

panic thereon, 795,

proves to be French, 795.

-, -, defenceless state of coasts of, 798,

weakness of, 803.

-, -, Dutch attack on Coruna in, repulsed, 799.

-, -, expedition ready to leave, for relief of Irish rebels, 805, 807, 809.

-, -, request by, to be allowed the use of Brest harbour, 807, 815.

-, -, Dutch fleet operating against, off Canaries, 807,

Spanish fleet ordered to attack, 812, 819, 820, 826, 828.

-, -, relations of, to States of Holland, quâ religion and East India trade, 813, 883.

-, -, personal opinion of Ambassador of, in France, that the United Netherlands should be separated from, 815.

-, -, deputation of Flemish officers to, protesting against transfer of their allegiance to the Archduke, 816.

-, -, to be harassed by English from port on Barbary coast, ceded to them by Sultan, 818.

-, -, renewed negotiations between, and England, viâ Flanders, leading to Congress of Boulogne, 822, 824, 830, 832, 835, (1600) 837, 838, 839, 840, 841, 842, 844, 845, 848, 850, 851, 852, 853, 854, 855, 860, 862, 863, 865, 866, 867, 868, 869, 870, 873, 876, 880, 881, 883, 884, 885, 891, 893, 897, 898, 899, 900, 902, 905, 907, 909, 910, 915.

-, -, failure of the Adelantado's fleet produces desire for peace in, 828.

-, -, Scottish embassy to, re succession to English throne, 834, 852,

dismissed 889, 1001.

-, (1600), French negotiations with touching ships seized in late war, 837.

-, -, application to, of Emperor, for aid, 841,

money sent, to keep Turks occupied, 845.

-, -, exhaustion and wish for peace in, 841, 845.

-, -, supplies sent from, to Flanders, 845, 847.

-, -, commissioners appointed by, to discuss terms of peace with England, 854.

-, -, knightly orders in, convened, 861, 871, 872,

-, -, despatch of troops from, intended for coast defence, to Milan, under Count of Fuentes, on presumption of peace with England, 865, 871, 880.

-, -, arrival of treasure fleet in, 865;

this, and the fleets of 1601–3,

already mortgaged, 865, 870, 889.

-, -, mutiny of troops of, in Flanders, 860, 866, 889, 898, 1056, 1063.

-, -, island of St. Thomas belonging to, sacked by Dutch, 866.

-, -, constitutional questions in, re vote of supplies by Cortes, 871, 877 879, 913, 915.

-, -, opposition of, to election of Henry IV. of France as King of the Romans, 875, 880, 888, 889.

-, -, auction of King's effects to raise money, 879;

loans raised by, 879, 902.

-, -, relations of, with Denmark and Scotland, English suspicion of, 889.

-, -, question of Saluzzo, breach between France and, over, imminent, 892, 911, 912, 915, 916, 919.

-, -, desire in, for peace, quickened by battle of Nieuport, 898, 902.

-, -, claims of precedence by representatives of, and Flanders, over each other at congress of Boulogne, 899.

-, -, English claim at congress of Boulogne for precedence over, 905,

referred to the Archduke, and disallowed, the English commissioners being thereupon recalled, 907.

-, -, treaty of Vervins between, and France, Philip III's refusal to ratify, on ground of ascription in, of title of Navarre to Henry IV., 908, 911.

-, -, ultimatum of, on three points, at congress of Boulogne, 910.

-, -, complaint by, of assistance given by France to United Netherlands, 911.

-, -, taxes granted by Cortes in, difficulty of levying, 913, 515.

-, -, poverty and distress in, 915.

-, -, hopes in, for revival of Boulogne congress, and peace with England, 915, 917, 919, 928, 935, 947, 964, 968, 1007, 1010, 1020, 1023, 1025, 1029.

-, -, alleged bribery of English ministers by, to make peace, 921.

-, -, offer by, to England, re East Indian trade, 923

-, -, treasure fleet awaited in, 924, 933, 938.

-, -, economies introduced in King's household, 933.

-, -, negotiations of Ambassador of, in Prague, with Sir Anthony Sherley, re captaincy of Red Sea mouth, and control of India traffic, 939, 940.

-, (1601), troops of, in Milan, to be sent to Flanders, 964,

designed for invasion of England, 967;

English precautions, 971, 975.

-, -, drain of gold from, royal edict for notification of all wrought silver vessels in, 981.

-, -, intrigues of, in England, 982, 990, 995. See also Archpriest controversy.

-, -, fleet and troops prepared by, in Portugal, for invasion of Ireland, 991, 994, 999, 1002, 1009;

expedition sails, 1021.

-, -, edict against English goods and export of money from, 998, 1005.

-, -, government of, in hands of Duke of Lerma, 999.

-, -, money voted by Cortes in, mortgaged, 999.

-, -, siege of Ostend, as affecting relations of, to England, 1010,

to France, 1023.

-, -, troops from, landed in Ireland, 1014, 1023, 1024;

policy of the invasion, 1025,

its cost, 1027;

return of ships conveying the expedition, 1028;

situation of forces in Ireland, 1029,

reinforced, 1032, 1046,

dysentery among, 1034,

desperate position of, 1036,

their withdrawal offered as price of peace with England (1602), 1040;

shut up in Kinsale, 1043,

junction effected by, with Tyrone, 1047,

complete defeat of, 1048, 1049, 1050, 1051, 1052;

text of proclamation by commander of expedition, 1053;

surrender of whole force, 1054, 1056, 1057, 1058, 1061, 1068;

arrival at home again of expedition, 1072, 1073, 1087.

-, -, suspicion of France in, 1023, 1028.

-, (1601), arrest in, of French Ambassador, retaliation by France, 1026, 1028, 1046.

-, -, burden of taxation in, 1027.

-, -, fresh loan for, 1028.

-, -, -, Turkish fleet mobilized against, 1038, 1075.

-, -, negotiations renewed by, with England, for peace, 1039, 1040, 1044, 1056, 1075, 1080.

-, (1602), capture of French ships by Adelantado, on refusal to shorten sail, 1046.

- -, complaint by, touching French intercourse with Dutch, 1060, 1071, 1079.

-, -, importation of arms from Germany, 1074.

-, -, suspected designs of, on Bourg, and Narbonne, 1075,

on Algiers, 1075,

on Ireland, 1075, 1076, 1083, 1091, 1093.

-, -, universal monarchy of, frustrated by war maintained by England against, in Flanders, 1075.

-, -, armaments and protests of, against France, 1079, 1102.

-, -, troops of, concentrated in Portugal, 1083;

English repulsed by, 1088.

-, -, Portuguese East Indiaman cut out by English under guns of Almada;

mutiny of Spanish galley, 1085.

-, -, plots of, against Henry IV., 1095.

-, -, truce proposals of, to England and United Netherlands, 1097, 1101, 1106, 1107.

-, -, intrigues of, with nobility in France, 1106, 1111.

-, (1603), money raised in, to be applied to new Irish expedition, 111 6.

-, -, league against, proposed by England to France, and declined, 1129.

-, -, surrender of Calais regretted in 1131.

-, -, liable for expense of Frederico Spinola's galleys, 1131.

-, -, treasure ships of, taken by English, 1159.

-, -, expedition against Ireland, or Scotland, ready to leave, 1164.

-, -, detested in England, at time of Queen Elizabeth's decease, 1166.

-, See also Adelantado of Castille;

Lisbon;

Philip II. and III.;

Porto Ricco;

and Portugal.

Spinelli,—, Secretary of Venetian embassy at Constantinople, 887

Spinola, Ambrogio, Genoese, 3, 323.

-, Frederico, shipbuilding project of, 446;

letters of marque for, 764;

off Dunquerque with his galleys, 815,

successes of, 820;

his galleys in action, 1085;

threatens the Thames, 1096;

his galleys and himself destroyed, 1098;

his designs and failure, 1131.

-, Gaston, Don, 541,

minister of the Archduke Albert, 1101.

-, Giulio, loan by to Spain, 152.

Stanley, Colonel, commanding Irish regiment in Spanish service (1597), 541.

-, Henry, Earl of Derby, proposed marriage of his daughter, the Queen's cousin, to Henry IV., 791;

at Rome, 882.

-, House of, tabular pedigree, showing relationship of, to Queen Elizabeth, 791 note;

narrative pedigree, to same effect, 1143.

-, John, executed for attempted assassination of Queen Elizabeth, 758.

Starkie, John, chaplain and tutor to Arabella Stuart, his suicide, 1152.

Steel, English trade in, with Turkey, 1031.

Steffani,—, Spanish agent, 170.

Stella, Gerolamo, or Hieronimo, Venetian merchant in Lisbon, knight of Spanish Order, &c., 470;

goods restored to, by order of Queen Elizabeth, 1142.

Stin, Giaches, master of a Lubeck vessel, seized by English, 1105.

Stocker, Matthew, merchant of Pat ras, letter from, to English ambassador at Porte, 987.

Stuart, Arabella, demanded in marriage by Henry IV., 883.

-, -, her claim to the English crown, personal description of, 1143.

-, -, suicide of her chaplain, 1152.

-, -, her clandestine match, 1154, 1159, 1168.

-, -, placed under arrest, 1166.

-, -, reported rising on her behalf, 1169.

-, Esme, Duke of Lennox, his embassy to Paris (1601), 1007, 1015, 1025;

Ambassador in England, offers Scottish aid against Irish rebels, 1029, 1036;

his gracious reception by the Queen, 1043;

report of conversation with, 1164.

-, Charles, Earl of Lennox, 1143.

-, Elizabeth, wife of Charles, Earl of Lennox, and daughter of (Sir William) Cavendish, 1143.

-, Henry, Lord Darnley, 1143.

-, Margaret, wife of Matthew, Earl of Lennox, 1143.

-, Matthew, Earl of Lennox, 1143.

Suffolk, Duke of. Sec Brandon, Charles.

Sugar, trade in, 1105.

Sugar-mills in St. Thomas, 866.

Suleiman of Catania, Pasha of Algiers, letter from, 977.

Sulphur, trade in. See Trade.

Sultan of Turkey. See Murad III., and Mehemet.

Sultana, The, of Turkey, English memorial to, 13;

intrigues of, 40, 237, 240, 465.

-, -, -, present to, 358.

-, Isachi, 294.

Sumachi, Dominico Zorzi, of Zante, 1147, 1150;

text of letter from, 1150.

-, Giorgio, 162, 163, 1117, 1120;

report by, on loss of the “Veniera and Company,” 1124, 1125.

-, Ludovico, letter to, at Milo, 1150.

-, Michiel, 161, 162, 163.

“Summacchia” of Venice. See “Ships.”

Sweden, Polish designs on, 159.

Swiss levies, for Henry IV. of France, 192, 205, 243, 445, 613.

Swords, English trade in with Turkey, 401, 427. See also Arms.

Sziszek, Turkish defeat at, 181, 187, 197.

-, fortress of, captured by Turk, 228.