Henry VIII: December 1526, 21-31 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 4, 1524-1530. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1875.

Citation:

'Henry VIII: December 1526, 21-31', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 4, 1524-1530, ed. J S Brewer( London, 1875), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol4/pp1212-1232 [accessed 29 November 2024].

December 1526



21 Dec. R. O.	2720. SIR G. CASALE to RUSSELL.
	Asks him to assist his servant Baptiste, who is in London, in any necessary matters. Desires to be recommended to Benysson (Pension) and to Mons. le Grant (?). Rome, 21 Dec. Signed.
	Fr., p.1. Add.: A Mons. M. Roselli mon bon amy, a Londres. Endd.
22 Dec. Galba, I. 37. B. M.	2721. JOHN HACKETT to [WOLSEY].
	Hoghestrat told him yesterday that my Lady had heard from Italy that the Viceroy had arrived at Naples, that the marquis of Mantua and the duke of Ferrara had declared for the Emperor, and all his affairs in Italy go before the wind; that the king of Portugal sends five ships to serve him, and that his army in Italy is 60,000 men. Thinks a part only is true, which Wolsey will know better than he. A gentleman told him that [Wolsey] declared to the provost of Cassel some articles touching the sequestration of the duchy of Milan and the "axion" of Burgundy, and that one of the lords said that if the Emperor was prisoner himself, the fulfilling of these articles was enough to make peace, and bring him to liberty.
	As to the books, the lords of Antwerp came to the court, and showed the council that Hacket was urging the burning of the books, and the punishment of the printers, and that they have taken in part the examination of the said imp[rinters]; but as the affair touches life, they will not judge by the judgment of another man without perfect knowledge of the reasons, and they therefore desire to have the said [books] translated into Latin or Dutch, that they may understand the matter;—to which the [Lords] of the Privy Council would lightly consent. Answered that it was not convenient to permit such translations to be made here, for he would suspect those who would meddle in the same. They said they ought not to judge without knowing the foundation of the cause. Answered that the King's letters were sufficient for that, and for the condemnation of all writings condemned in England. They said that if the King had sent a copy of every book that had been burnt, they would do like justice on them. One said that every country has its own laws, and the judges here ought to know upon what they shall pass sentence, as well as those in England do. After many arguments, promised to write to Wolsey to send sufficient certification, with two or three of the condemned books, which he supposes Wolsey has kept for such a purpose. The Lords desired him to ask for a translation of them. It is necessary that justice should be administered before the end of this Barrow market, but the first execution must be done in Antwerp, the fountain of such things. Sends this letter by a special post. Sends one of the arrested books. Wolsey had better send one of each sort hither. Mechlyn, 22 Dec. 1526. Signed.
	Pp. 2, mutilated.
23 Dec. R. O.	2722. THOMAS LORD DARCY.
	Bond given by Edmund Seynter to Thomas Lord Darcy that he shall not, without the assent of Darcy or his son Sir George, alien or discharge by deputy the offices of surveyor, receiver and bailiff of the lands of Thos. Sotehill in Middle, East and West Haddelsey, York. Signed and sealed.
	P.1. Broad sheet.
24 Dec. Cal. D. IX. 103. B. M.	2723. CLERK to [WOLSEY].
	Mentioned in his last that the Pope was in great perplexity from the reinforcements the Emperor was sending by sea and land to Italy, and had written hither to the French king very urgently. The matter was little thought of at the time, as it was believed the Emperor's army by sea had been destroyed; but, according to later letters, the lanceknights sent by the Archduke had crossed the Po at Hostia, and were far on the road to Florence; the duke of Ferrara had declared for the Emperor, and given them one month's wages, and lent them artillery, and had set forward himself to Modena; the viceroy of Naples had landed at St. Stephen's near Sienna, on the other side of Florence, with 16 galleys and 5,000 foot; and six galleys and 1,500 lanceknights had landed at Gaeta. The Pope had sent the abp. of Capua to the Viceroy "to treat upon a [suspension of] armeur, but there could be no remedy." Jhoannino de Medicis had been wounded by a gun "and con[strained] to cut off his leg: he could not abide the pain, and [so] died of the spasm." The marquis of Saluces, the French king's chief captain, was pursuing the lanceknights into Tuscany.
	Francis has been hunting about thirty miles hence for the last ten days. The Papal and Venetian ambassadors have been with my Lady, urging that the King should go to Italy in person, or at least to Lyons. They were put off for two days, but still await the King's return. News is come from Venice that a friar had been sent by the Emperor to the Pope with certain articles; viz., as to France, the Emperor was willing to leave his hold in Burgoyn, and restore the French king's children if Francis would pay the King what he owes him, and 2,000,000 [ducats for] Madame Eleanor, rebating 500,000 ducats of the same for her dote. As to Milan, he would let the Duke remain if he have not failed; if he have, he will have Bourbon duke; the Pope to be judge. For his coming to the crown imperial he is willing to be limited to 5,000 men. For all this the Viceroy will grant the Pope no truce, and it is thought the sending of the friar was a ruse to conclude the articles only if the Viceroy and lanceknights had not come to Italy in time.
	The court and ambassadors here are in great perplexity about these affairs, and "look hourly for tidings which cannot be gay." Either the Pope has by this time accepted the Viceroy's terms, or Florence is in great danger of being sacked and his Holiness fled to Venice. [Andrea] Doria and the galleys that went to Hostia will probably be of service to him in that. Poissi, 24 Dec. Signed.
	Mutilated, pp. 4.
R. O.	2724. [WOLSEY to FRANCIS I.]
	He will hear from Fitzwilliam, the bearer, and Moret, who has right sagely behaved himself, the great desire that Wolsey has for the perpetual amity between the two Kings. His master is resolved to do everything that may conduce to that purpose, and he trusts Francis will consider the effects that may ensue therefrom, his own exaltation and the recovery of his children. Desires credence for Clerk and Fitzwilliam.
	Draft, p.1. In Wriothesley's hand.
R. O.	2. French translation of the preceding.
	In Tuke's hand.
R. O.	2725. [WOLSEY] to LOUISE OF SAVOY.
	She will learn by the bearer, Sir Will. Fitzwilliam, and the Sieur de Moret, what Wolsey has devised for the indissoluble conjunction of these two Princes. Has brought all things on his part to such a point as she will understand from the bishop of Bath and Fitzwilliam. Has full confidence that she will second his proposals for the exaltation of her son and the weal of Christendom, and thwart those that would prevent the honorable deliverance of her children.
	Copy, in Wriothesley's hand, p.1. Endd.: "Minutes of two letters sent to my lady Regent and the French king."
	2. The same in French.
	In Tuke's hand, p.1.
R. O.	2726. PROPOSALS for a TREATY between ENGLAND and FRANCE.
	The king of England desires a perpetual peace between France and England, and to that end will satisfy the French king and his successors for all the rights he claims or possesses in France. He will give his only daughter in marriage, with a suitable dower and jewels, to the French king, making her heir to the throne, if there are no sons born subsequently. In event of her not coming to the throne, he will give her as much as the Emperor had with his wife, or as much as was promised to the Emperor as her portion in the late treaty. The French king to bind himself and his successors to pay a certain amount of salt and money, &c. annually to Henry and his successors, through the French king and his daughter, but it is not to be considered as a tribute. In any case security will be given for the amount of the Princess's dowry. If there are no children to succeed from this marriage this agreement to be void, and all treaties and conventions to be as they are now. In all cases the present treaty is to remain. Henry will enter into a treaty with the French king for the restoration, by force or otherwise, of his children detained by the Emperor as hostages.
	Lat., pp.3. Endd.: "Pensio Fr."
24 Dec. Vesp. C. III. 303. B. M. St. P. VI. 552.	2727. [GHINUCCI to WOLSEY.]
	Has not written since the 12th, for want of an opportunity. The bishop of Bath will write what has since occurred. Excuses his remaining here so long. Has solicited his despatch daily, and when the Queen Mother took ill, the bishop of Bath was informed they were awaiting Fitzwilliam's arrival to send off Ghinucci. On his arrival they were all three with her, and she said his despatch was ready at last, but recommended that he should wait the return of her son next day, who might have news from Italy. This was yesterday (externa die, q. hesterna?). Hears now that the King will not be here till Sunday, so that they cannot have audience till Monday, and even if despatched that day he could not begin his journey before Christmas Day. Is much annoyed at being thus put off, but without a passport he cannot go to Spain. Would have gone many days ago if he could have got one, leaving some one to come after him with the rest of his charge, but was warned by the bishop of Bath that if he did, the other things would be put off, or given up altogether. My Lady said yesterday to Clerk and Fitzwilliam apart, that Henry had told Joachim that Ghinucci was not to go so soon, and she looked for letters from England while they were waiting for the King her son. This is very likely, seeing that when Fitzwilliam took his leave the King was under the impression Ghinucci had already left the French court. The French have professed hitherto to think that the Turk, even if he has returned to Constantinople, has left 100,000 men in Hungary, and will return in spring to attack Austria or Italy; but news has come from Rome, which they have concealed for some days, showing there is no fear of that. The success of the Emperor makes the French lukewarm.
	Wolsey will see how the French delay his departure. Does not pretend to fathom their reasons, but thinks they expect some advantage from it; otherwise they would not have risked the King and Wolsey's displeasure, having now delayed him 20 days. By his last letters Wolsey will see the reason why the lady Eleanor now visits the Emperor rather than before. Gives his speculations on the subject. Will hear about the marriage from Clerk and Fitzwilliam. Is of the same opinion as before, except, perhaps, that the king of France, seeing the Emperor lord of Italy, and, for other reasons, entertaining little hope of arranging with him, may be compelled to have recourse to the King, when any little suggestion will suffice to promote the marriage. Cannot understand the intentions of Francis in allowing the Emperor to do what he likes in Italy, except it is that he thinks to recover his sons by some other means than by war.—Alarm of the pontifical and Venetian ambassadors.
	P.S.—Since writing the above, they have been with Francis. The bishop of Bath reports their conference about the marriage. Remains of the same opinion as before. Thinks Wolsey will have an answer in eight days. Robertet has promised faithfully to despatch the writer tonight or tomorrow, though he says Francis would have liked him to wait for the Emperor's answer to his proposals. Poisi, 24 Dec. 1526.
	P.S.—Wolsey will understand from the bishop of Bath's letters about a monk sent by the Emperor to the Pope, with such offers that the Pope and Italy can hardly hope for better things through any other channel. Some think the Turk's invasion of Hungary has had this effect; others believe it is an artifice, as the Emperor is sending forces by land and sea to Italy. Thinks Christian princes will not fail to unite against the Turk, who is now dangerous both to Sicily and Italy. Poisi, 24 Dec. 1526. (fn. 1)
	Hol., Lat., part cipher, pp. 6. Add. Endd.
R. O.	2. Decipher of part of the above, commencing with the words "Dominatio v. R. vidit modum," and ending with "effectum facere non posse."
25 Dec. Cal. D. IX. 292. B. M.	2728. CLERK and FITZWILLIAM to [WOLSEY].
	I, Fitzwilliam, arrived at Poysye on Wednesday last. The King was away. Visited my Lady with Worcester, who "is made privy no further than the first [and] the second degree." On their starting Morette called. Went to my Lady with a large company. Delivered the King and Wolsey's letters. Fitzwilliam made the King's and Wolsey's recommendations, not omitting thanks for the pictures or expressions of the interest the King felt in his brother's welfare. He then proceeded to say that he had been sent to know how the King would dispose of himself in marriage, in which his master desired nothing except the honor and profit of her son. She answered that when she saw Fitzwilliam she greatly rejoiced, and could not but remember "the good and the golden world," for Fitzwilliam had brought her the late peace, and has been a great instrument for her son's deliverance. As to the point required, she could give no answer, for her son was forth hunting, not intending to return, but hearing of Fitzwilliam's arrival, he had begun his journey homewards. Could get no more from her. Then they talked of the affairs of Italy, and the position of the Pope and the duke of Ferrara,—that the former had sent the archbishop of Capua to the Viceroy. She thought that the enterprise in Italy would be the Emperor's ruin. As they stand so much on Italian affairs, proceeded no further at this audience. When they urged the despatch of Worcester, she said she thought as the case stood the King would not send him yet to Spain, making as if your Grace's mind had been changed, and asked whether he had received any letters, saying they had heard from Joachim that it was so, and Worcester had better tarry a day or two. He thinks this is some subtlety of Joachim's. Wish for instructions, and whether in the last degree of their instructions "when we shall offer my lady Princess absolutely," ye mean to concur with the French king in making war on the Emperor. Poysye, 22 Dec.
	P.S.—The King returned on Saturday. He sent word that if they liked to come on Sunday he would wait dinner. Fared right well with the Admiral, and were conducted by him to the King's chambers, who had not yet risen from dinner. The King told us he did not consider himself bound by the treaty of Madrid;—that when he came to treat with the Emperor, having no more assistance than he now has, the latter would insist on his marrying Madame Eleanora. On Fitzwilliam saying he had been sent by his master to speak plainly "the bottom of his heart and mind," he said, "he would gladly hear, and that round, plain and open language was a language that pleased him best of all." Fitzwilliam told him that he had been sent to offer him the princess Mary on easy term; if that proposal were accepted, the King would join him and his confederates, and that the Emperor, through dread of them, would deliver the children on more easy terms than by his marriage with Eleanora. He received this announcement "with a glad and a very merry countenance," and after many protestations of his love and worship for the King "in the best couched language that ever he heard spoken," referred us to my Lady with these words: "If this matter be ever concluded, I will plainly send the Emperor word that I will none of his sister."
	On entering her presence my Lady told us she was glad to hear of her son's conformity; that he had been a long time anxious to marry the Princess, both for her "manifold virtues and other gay qualities," which, we assure your Grace, "here be not unknown." Then Fitzwilliam rehearsed his instructions "of the first degree." She said "she was glad we spoke no more of Boleyn (Boulogne). We said that your Grace [being] advertised of her pleasure, and what difficulty should be in that matter," had with great labor and study induced the King to accept lower conditions, hoping there would be no obstacle, and that she would concur. She promised she would not remain neutral, but debate the matter with her son, and let us know. On asking what were our powers, we told her, None; but that as soon as she had arranged the matter with her son some qualified person of the long robe must be employed. She desired it might be kept secret. We told her that she and her son were so conformable that we thought we might write to the King as if the matter were concluded. "She, smiling, bade us write, but she said not what," and so took her leave. Your Grace sees many vehement tokens that this matter will take effect, "if the faults be not in yourself." Sum up their arguments for so thinking under five heads.
	"On the other side, to be plain with your Grace, for all this we think it hard to say what they now think, and what they will do." They are very anxious for the return of the children, and will take the shorter and easier way; and the Emperor, who is now desirous of their amity, will not be exacting. If, however, they intend to make war, Francis must send help to his confederates, who are in total ruin. They do this very slowly. We shall stick in "the first degrees," and not come to the last till we know your Grace's pleasure. Poysye, Christmas Day, 25 Dec.
	Pp. 16, mutilated.
25 Dec. R. O.	2729. The DUKE of RICHMOND'S COUNCIL to WOLSEY.
	My lord of Richmond is in good health, and desires continuance of Wolsey's favor. Received on Friday a letter from Wolsey, dated at Hampton Court, 29 Nov., directing them how to treat the Earl of Northumberland and his causes. Will endeavor to do so lovingly and with good will, as they have done hitherto. Deferred the sending up of James Dralande with the examination of the witnesses touching his indictment as principal, and that of the said Earl as accessory, until Wolsey sent down the writ of certiorari to the sheriff, which being now had, there will be no more delay. Will observe his instructions about the indictment of Henry Savell. Thos. Strey, clerk of the assizes, will be at London in Hilary Term with the original records. Enclose a letter from the earl of Cumberland concerning riots lately committed in Carlisle. Have summoned the offenders to appear before them. Wish to know what punishment to inflict. Send copy of an indenture tripartite, showing what good order the earl of Westmoreland has taken with the gentlemen of Northumberland for keeping a watch on the Borders. This is "the worst peace observed that ever was seen in our time, which annoyed the Borders worse than all the wars did before," for they take prisoners continually, and compel them to pay ransoms in spite of the peace. The Earl desires to have the appointment and dismissal of officers for the keeping of Berwick, and the farm of the tithes in Bamboroughshire, which lord Darcy and Sir Anthony Utright held before him. He has petitioned the Council for the liberation of the gentlemen of Northumberland, whom they have here in prison, that they may be the more ready to do the King service when called on. Sheriff Hutton, Christmas Day, 25 Dec.
	Signed: William Parre—Godfrey Foljambe—Thomas Dalby—W. Frankeleyn—Jo. Palsgrave—William Tate—Richard Page—Jo. Uvedale.
	Pp. 3. Add.: To my lord Legate's good Grace. Endd. in modern hand: "Exd. 31 Marcii 1612."
28 Dec. R. O.	2730. WILL LORD SANDYS to WOLSEY.
	Ever since landing we have been busy, in pursuance of the King's commands, viewing this town, which is marvellous sore decayed. Has not yet been at Guisnes, as it is thought necessary to finish this town first. No news worth writing. Most of the commonalty of Flanders would have peace, and the gentlemen will none. Vendôme is coming to Picardy to protect the Border with 400 men. It was said Sandys had come over with 4,000 men of war, and the capt. of Boulogne sent to him to know the truth. Informed him that he came over at his own request to look upon his charge. Sends a New Year's gift. Calais, 28 Dec. Signed.
	P 1. Add.: To my lo[rd Le]gate is good grace. Endd.
28 Dec. R. O. St P. VI. 556.	2731. JOHN DA CASALE to VANNES.
	Sent news on 13 Dec., with his brother's letter. Details the affairs in Italy, and the disputes between the Spanish and German troops, who plunder in all directions. On the 20th received the King's letters for the Doge, who greatly laments the present calamities. He would, however, be glad if those who, like the King, profess themselves friendly to the cause, would show something more than good wishes; and if they had thought that they should have been so slenderly helped by the King, they would never have been induced to have taken their present course. I urged him to have confidence in the King. Has written of the affairs of the Turk. Gives his advice as to what should be done. Would have been glad if 50,000 ducats had been sent to the Pope. Gives reasons for this. Hears by letters written to the Doge on the 23rd, that the Auditor (Ghinucci) has been sent into Spain.
	The French are not aware of the perilous state of Italy. Sends letters received by him at Rome. Has written to the Pope to keep him steady, and to assure him that Venice will not forsake him. He has been told that all this ruin springs from this agreement [qu. with the Viceroy ?]. If he could be induced to put it off for 15 or 20 days, until intelligence came from France, there might be some hope. I am very much afraid of the Pope's cowardice (vilem animum), especially if he gives up Parma and Piacenza to the Viceroy. We have some hope of his non-compliance, in consequence of the nefarious demands of the Viceroy. This day, on the 27th, I learned by letters from Florence that the Florentines are hopeful. Two ships, bringing supplies to Genoa, were driven off by Renzo. Cæsar Feramosca is visiting the Pope. The number of Venetian soldiers who have crossed the Po amounts to 10,000 foot and 300 horse. Venice, 28 Dec. 1526.
	P.S.—Sends his letters sometimes by the Venetian post, and sometimes to the bishop of Bath. Asks to be excused if they are delayed.
	Lat. Add. Endd.
Vit. B. VII. 184. B. M.	2732. ITALIAN NEWS.
	The Datary said that there were many evils in the letters of the archbishop of Capua, and afterwards he showed them secretly to count Albert (Capri), who told Gregory [Casale] the substance of them; sc. that the Pope should by all means accept the conditions offered to him, otherwise actum est. The Viceroy, who says he has victory in his hands, affirms that he made these offers out of respect to the Pope, and advised him to put no hope in the League, on account of the ambition of Wolsey. The Archbishop said publicly that Wolsey cared only that peace should be made by his means, and therefore urged on the French king, the Venetians and the Pope, and the rest of the Italians, in order that the Emperor might be induced to make peace, which he hoped to negotitate, as his king was not in the League.
	Lat., p. 1. Vannes' hand.
Vit. B. VIII. 185. B. M.	2733. ITALIAN NEWS.
	The Pope's army was near [Naples], consisting of 10,000 foot, well supplied. A few days ago the "[Colon]nenses" went to Bauch, a castle belonging to the Pope, and were driven back with great loss.
	The Colonnas had got 200 foot into a priest's house in Anag[ni] by treachery, but John Leoni, a Papal captain, discovered them; a fight ensued, and the rest of the Colonnese gained an entrance. Count Tole ..., whose forces were in the higher part of the city, came to defend the gate, and the Colonnese were put to flight. Leoni meanwhile killed all those in the priest's house. No news about the treaty, for the demands of the Viceroy are most unjust. The General went today to Gaeta, and hopes to soften his demands. The general opinion is that the arrangement will take place, but the Pope and Datary say that it would be better to lose everything than to submit to such conditions. Renzo urges the Pope to an expedition against Naples, but it is not yet settled.
	The Pope cannot be induced to create cardinals. The French king has not yet sent word what he means to do, though he has obtained the tenths, and all else that he asked. The Pope and others assert that the soldiers' wages were paid out of money sent by the King, and that the disbanding of the army was thus prevented.
	Lat., pp. 2. Vannes' hand.
29 Dec. R. O.	2734. DR. JOHN LONDON to MR. LARKE.
	"Right honorable and my singular good Master Larke, I have me humbly commended unto your good mastership as your own bounden orator during my life. And forasmuch as now a good season I did not write unto you how my lord's Grace most meritorious works do go forward daily, winter and summer, notably in sundry places by the great politic diligence of Mr. Dean, Mr. Towneley, Mr. Lovyns, Mr. Redman, and Mr. Coke, with supervision of true overseers, rising towards the most goodliest structure of a college, I shall briefly express unto you in what forwardness that magnifical work prospereth. First, all the lodgings in the west side be fully finished, save only battleing of the stone work, and the great tower over the gate is as high erect as the said lodgings. Towards the street the King's grace and my lord Cardinal's arms in three sundry works most curiously be set over the middle of that gate, and my lord's Grace's arms goodly set out with gold and color. All those lodgings be thoroughly covered with lead.
	"Inwardly the carpenters have done right good diligence to prepare the doors, windows, partitions and other necessaries, so that almost nothing shall let but that my Lord's scholars shall at his Grace's pleasure inhabit the same. At the south end there is a great tower, which within four foot is erect as high as the other lodgings. And so upon the south side the chambers which be towards the hall be almost come to bear the floors of the upper lodging. And the foundation of the hall is in most places five or six foot high. The foundation of the church in the north side is equal with the ground, and in like manner the foundations of lodgings of the east side be upon the outer side erect unto the old church door, and in the inner side nigh as far as is required.
	"Over this, almost all the foundations of the cloister be as high as the ground. The kitchen is finished, save only the louer; and all this Christmas the Dean and Canons had all their victuals prepared there. Behind the kitchen southward be goodly larder houses, pastry houses, lodgings for common servants, slaughter and fish houses, stables, with such other necessary buildings, substantially and goodly done in such manner as no two of the best colleges in Oxford have rooms so goodly and convenient. And these places be all cleansed with water, as oft as need shall require, currently passing thorough them all, either by the common stream or else by policy. For all the water which shall at rains issue into my lord's Grace college is by a goodly vault conveyed into the sink of the kitchen; and that sink is in every place so large that if any stopping should chance, a man may go in to purge the stoppage, and is as well and substantially wrought as any part of my Lord's college.
	"And where as the old lodgings of Pekwaters In do stonde, now be made houses for masons to work in. Would God there were so many masons as there is stuff ready carried requiring their work! This last summer stone come in from Burford, Toynton, Barendon, and Hedyngton, sufficient to find many mo masons than yet be here until Midsummer. And as good provision is made for lime and all other necessaries. The carpenters in their timber work be as far forward as their work requireth, and every part of their and the masons' work is as clean wrought as ever we saw any done in any place, and every thing in like substantial manner done as my Lord's gracious purpose is to have his meritorious act perpetually to endure. And as we all of my Lord's University be bound perpetually to pray for my lord's Grace for his most notable benefit and excellent ornament done to his University, so in like manner we be bound to pray for Mr. Dean, Mr. Towneley and all the other overseers and masters of works, by whose providence and faithful diligence this meritorious work is like within few years to be finished, to my lord's Grace immortal honor, I beseech Almighty God prosper the same.
	"And if I should express unto you how the live matters of this college in every part and in all degrees do prosper, a great deal of paper could not contain the expressing of the same. I think Almighty God is not more duly, more devoutly nor better served in any church in Christendom, both working day and holyday, and in their learning they be the flower of my Lord's University, they be lights to all other places, and it cannot be but they do prosper in virtue where God is so truly served, and the gifts of the Holy Ghost among every one of them be so abundantly relucent. In the ordering of their lands, all other places may and do take example of them. If you were a continual dweller in Oxford, and did take a watchful regard unto that young college, but yesterday in manner begun, ye should not think but it were a very old foundation, established in everything as though it had be founded two hundred years past, only the buildings not yet finished sheweth it to be a new foundation. I heartily beseech Almighty God that my lord's Grace may live many years after the final performance of his most honorable edification to do many mo great and meritorious acts to honor of God, increase of Christian faith and perpetuation of his noble fame. I humbly beseech your good mastership to pardon my rude writing; and as you did to my great comfort obtain for me my lord's Grace favor, so I humbly beseech you I may have your good word unto my lord's Grace for the continuation of the same. And thus Almighty Jesus long to his blessed pleasure preserve your good mastership. Oxon. die S'cti Thome Martiris.
	"Your bounden orator, JOHN LONDON."
	Hol., pp.2. Add.: To the right honorable and hys singuler gud master, Mr. Larke. Endd.. Doctor London.
Tit. B. I. 100. B. M.	2735. JOHN LONDON to WRIOTHESLEY.
	Sends mistress Cok's new lease, sealed and written. Legat and his son are clean left out, according to her desire, and the lease is just like the last one. Asks that Mr. Knight, fellow of London's college, may see her or her attorney seal the counterpayne, with the obligation to be renewed. Asks him to speak in favor of the university to my Lord, who is the high steward thereof. Mr. Fryar has incorporated all manner of craftsmen; so that the town and university will be undone if it continues. He has incorporated carpenters and slaters, though there are only two of each. The better carpenter spoilt a house which cost London 40l., so that he had to pull it all down again, and has made a roof two foot narrower than the walls, and a foot too short. One of the slaters covered a whole side of the college, but it had to be pulled down the next year. If the townsmen would bind themselves to have always good workmen of the town, they might be sure that no others would be employed. Has a very good slater, a poor man, living here, who refuses the incorporation, as he cannot pay the charges. He and his men have been twice arrested this last week while repairing London's tenantries in the town, and every arrest costs seven groats. Are thus molested by these monopolies. Will not refuse any order for the better maintenance of the town, so long as they have their lawful liberty; but it was thought, when their liberties were granted, that they would have some encouragement above the laws. Now, ever since Mr. Mayor came from my Lord, they are in worse case than before. The commons in the colleges and halls are increased in price by the corporations, and lessened in quantity. In his own house they come to 60l. more than formerly. Sends a memoir drawn up by the commissary on the examination of the manciples. The desire of the university to have it examined is but reasonable. Their neighbors will not suffer a man to speak. Sixteen halls in oxford have decayed in these few years, and there are not more than 140 scholars in all the halls. Unless these incorporations are laid down, and indifferent order taken for victuals, more halls will decay, and the town also. Till seven years ago the town was governed by the burgesses; but now all the commoners have interest with them, so that "sad" men cannot rule, which causes all the trouble. Oxon, 13 April.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: To, &c. Mr. Thomas Wrythesley. Endd. by Wriothesley.
Wood's Annals of Oxf. II. 27. (from F. F. Ep. 136.)	2736. The UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD to WOLSEY.
	In praise of the unprecedented encouragement given to letters by Wolsey, especially in the foundation of the new college, a work which would have been magnificent even if no more highly adorned than was intimated by the bishop of Lincoln cum illius primordia celebrarentur; for he said there were to be about 200 scholars. The magnificence of the occasion transcends their power of description, and they have requested the Bishop to report what took place. But they understand Wolsey has now resolved to augment the salaries of all the fellows (collegarum), and to establish seven lectureships, for which he will engage learned men from foreign countries; and that all the schools are about to be built at his own cost. If so, they will consider him no longer as the founder of a college, but of the university itself. The masters (rectores et præsides) have arranged a scheme of hours and places for the lectures, which Robert Carter will present to him.
30 Dec. R. O.	2737. HUGO DE MONCADA and the DUKE OF FERRARA.
	Summary of the conditions between don Ugo de Moncada, proctor for the Emperor, and Francisco de Villa, proctor for the duke of Ferrara, made at Gaieta, 30 Dec. 1526, in presence of the viceroy of Naples.
	Don Ugo promises that lady Margaret of Austria, the Emperor's natural daughter, when of lawful age, shall marry don Hercules, son of the Duke, having Carpi and Novo as her dower. The Emperor will give the investiture to them and their descendants, and Vespasian de Colonna and the marquis of Guasto shall renounce their titles to the same. Till the consummation of the marriage, the revenues of these places shall be given to the duke's Capt.-General, to maintain 100 men-at-arms and 200 light horse, and the Duke must join the army in person when Bourbon orders him. If he is attacked while serving the Emperor, he may return home with his horse and what part of the army he chooses. The Emperor will not make peace, truce or friendship, without the Duke being included, and having restitution of all the losses and censures of the Church he has incurred in the Emperor's service. If the Emperor can procure the restitution of Modena, the Duke must pay as much of the 200,000 ducats which he offered for its restitution as the Emperor thinks fit; who, however, will reimburse him for money lent and expences incurred in his service, even if it be not restored. If the Emperor makes a treaty with the French king, he will stipulate that the latter shall repay to the Duke the 90,000 [crowns] lent him.
	Francis de Villa promises that don Hercules shall marry the lady Margaret according to the contract of espousals of 20 Sept. 1526; that the Duke and don Hercules shall make an instrument dotal; that in a year the jointure shall be determined on; and that the Duke shall immediately declare in the Emperor's favor, even against the Church, shall do all possible damage to his enemies, and shall be ready to serve under Bourbon when required.
	Lat., pp. 2. Endd.
R. O.	2. An English translation of the above.
	Pp. 3. Endd.
31 Dec. R. O.	2738. CARDINAL'S COLLEGE, OXFORD.
	1. Work done from 16 Jan. 16 Hen. VIII. to 31 Dec. 18 of the same, with an account of monies received and spent.
	Received in various sums from bishop of Lincoln, John Claymond, Mr. Cromwell, Thos. Henege, Thos. Stranguywshe, Dr. Stubbis, and others. In all, 4,828l. 11s. 4½d.
	Payments for work, particulars not specified, 4,684l. 17s. 7d.
	Pp. 5.
R. O.	2. Blank lease, dated 18 Hen. VIII., for the Cardinal's College, Oxford.
31 Dec. Royal MS. 14 B. XIX. B. M.	2739. PRINCESS MARY.
	Expences of the Princess's household from 1 July [17] Hen. VIII. to 31 Dec. 18 Hen. VIII., being one year and a half.
	Payments made by the Treasurer of the Chamber:—To the Princess's almoner, 25l. Her oblations, 6l. 19s. 8d. Expences of her councillors out of the court on commissions, 96l. 15s. 9½d. Expences of messengers, &c., and apparel of footmen, 89l. 15s. 6½d. Cloth, velvets, &c. for the wardrobe, 163l. 11s. 2d. Wages and fees of councillors, 265l. 16s. 8d. Buildings and repairs at Ludlow and Bewdeley in the manor of Tyknell, 534l. 7s. 7d. Wages of Mistress Anne Rede, Mary Victorin, Mary Danet, and Mary Fitzharberte, for one quarter, at 10l. a year each. Total, 1,192l. 6s. 5d.
	Payments by the cofferer:—Household expences from 11 Aug. to 30 Sept. a^o 16, with wages of the justice port, learned councillors, and others, from 1 July to 30 Sept., 506l. 8s. 10½d. From 30 Sept. a^o 16, to 30 Sept. a^o 17, 3,229l. 18s. 4¼d. Oct. to Dec. a^o 18, 1,033l. 11s. 4¾d. Total, 4,769l. 18s. 7½d.
	Sum of both payments, 5,962l. 5s. 0½d.
	Further payments by the Treasurer in the Exchequer, and elsewhere, 426l. 11s.
	A paper roll. Endd.
R. O.	2740. The ARCHBISHOPRIC OF YORK.
	Draft of a patent, granting to Wolsey (cardinal legate of Clement VII., bishop of Durham, and commendatory of St. Alban's, &c.), and his successors in the archbishopric of York, divers liberties, such as return of writs, goods, and chattels of felons, &c. Witnesses: W. archbishop of Canterbury, C. bishop of London, keeper of the Privy Seal, J. bishop of Lincoln, Thos. marquis of Dorset, Geo. earl of Shrewsbury, _ (fn. 2) earl of Rutland, Will. lord Sandes, chamberlain of the Household, Sir Will. Fitzwilliam, treasurer of the Household, Sir Henry Gylford, controller of the Household, &c.
	Pp. 7. Endd.
Cal. D. X. 166. B. M.	2741. _ to [WOLSEY].
	* * *
	... nihil habemus certi de exercitibus ... intelligebatur exercitum Imperia[lem] ... [o]stendere velle ire per Romandiolam in Reg[num Neapolitanum et] exercitum Pontificium feliciter procedere. Hodie accept[æ sunt literæ die] xviiij. R. Legatus et ego fuimus ad S. Germanum ... hac Majestate illis officiis, quæ requirit præsens negociatio ap[ud eam. Invenimus] ibi R. D. Bathoniensem, quem præmonueram antequam a[ccesserim ad suam] Majestatem, ad quam nos postea accessimus, et ostendimus S. Dominum [Papam] ... tantas tribulationes nunc usque animo constantissimo sup ... Majestas nobis dederat concludendi istius matrimonii in pau ... inde erat nascitura aut pax universalis, aut tale bellum citra ... [con]junctis utriusque Majestatis viribus contra Cæsarem, ut sua Majestas Cæs[area] componeret, conditionibus securis et æquis. Et quoniam no[vi]mus suam Majestatem multum renitentem ad dandam pensionem in ... onem tituli et dispositam etiam ad volendum filiam de præsente et ha ... nonnullam diversitatem opinionum in hoc tractatu, quæ poss ... trahere, dubitabamus S. Dominum N. dependentem ab hac spe acce[ssurum ad has] conditiones propter vim debilitatis et infirmitatis. Propte[rea moneba] mus et hortabamur ad procedendum libere et sine tantis...quibus poterat alienari animus illius Ser. Principis et ad ... quod si nollet istam Ill. filiam, melius erat cogitare ... et ducere D. Elleonoram per manus S. Regis ... Sua Majestas respondit magis manere per Ser^m quam ... istud matrimonium * * * ... [displi]cere. Quantum attinet ad ... e quod si noluerint illam tradere ... tur illam relinquere, per sex menses a ... [Ser]^mus Rex velit movere bellum in sua societate contra ... eum mensem Maii, quoniam sua Majestas constitu ... mense Aprilis, et contentatur, quod Ser^mus Rex habeat v ... facienda præparatione et protestatione Cæsari quod ipso ... egios faciet, &c., et in sermone ostendit tantam prompt[itudinem a]nimi, tantam certitudinem conclusionis et repudiationis [Dominæ Elleo]noræ, quod nunquam majorem ostendit. Et quoniam ego sub ... [i]sta S. Majestas et R. D. Eboracensis essent securi, quod nec S^mus [D.N.] nec sua Majestas Chr^ma convenirent particulariter cum Cæsare ... duos menses subvenirent suæ Sanctitati de aliqua summa pecunia[rum] ... ut posset subsistere per illud tempus, sua Majestas dixit quod libere ... tebat, et quod scriberem ad vos, ut S^mns D.N. posset habere illa ... Et dixit se daturum commissionem suis oratoribus istic, ut faceren[t] ... quod non conveniret aliqualiter intra dictum tempus. Vos pot[estis vestra p]rudentia discurrere, quo tendat sua Majestas, et potestis istic ... effectus verborum quæ nobis dicit. Videbitis etiam signific[ationem] R. D. Bathoniensis et M^ci oratoris Veneti, qui ambo discesserunt ... time purgati et bene contenti de animo ipsius et promittunt ... ad omnem modum. Nec ego possum dicere aliud, nisi quod ... Majestatis et in opinione aliorum cum ipsa colloquentium ... locutio esset nimis magna si tracta * * * ... exhortandam istinc resolutionem hujus ... uare in amputandis difficultatibus, quæ ... [pr]eterea uti persuaderetis S. Regi quod promitt ... in eo tempore, quia in cæteris erit minima diff[icultas] ... facit maximam provisionem pecuniarum, quod si ... concurrere ad hanc offensionem contra Cæsarem pro ... sola bellum maximum et tantas gentes mitter ... bellum cito terminari possit, et intra paucos dies ... qui habent regimen proficiscentur in suas prov[incias] ... unam collectam pecuniarum a populis, pro liberat[ione principum] aut pro pace, aut bello, et Pontifici mittet intra sex ... aureos. Literas vestras cras mittemus Romam per unum qu[em sumus] expedituri de commissione suæ Majestatis pro exhortanda sua Sanctitate ... expectare istas provisiones."
	Mutilated. In Vannes' hand.
R. O.	2742. FRANCIS I. and PRINCESS MARY.
	A speech addressed to Henry VIII. in commendation of the proposed marriage of his daughter to Francis I.
	The orator extols Henry's personal qualifications, ("fortunæ dotibus principe dignis, heroica corporis majestate, venerando vultu, aspectu et pro dignitatis certe ratione minime (?) formidabili, bellicis denique virtutibus")—his defence of orthodoxy against Luther, on whom he had inflicted such wounds that he had driven him almost to fury, ["ut cum cæteris nonnihil ludere sustinuerat, tibi non nisi conviciis potuit respondere." (fn. 3) ] For the sake of the Faith he has been reconciled to Francis, and he may wage war against the enemies of Christ by the sword as he has done by his writings. He has always sought peace in war, and never swerved from the object of promoting the true Faith. He has undergone incredible labors in reconciling the differences of others, regarding the Turk as the only enemy. Henry will put the finishing stroke to his services in behalf of the Faith by giving his daughter in marriage to the most Christian king.
	Lat., pp. 4. Corrected draft.
R. O.	2743. THOMAS HARTE.
	Inventory of the jewels and plate of Thos. Hartte, master gunner of the King's ordnance, and other household stuff in his mansion place, in the parish of Roderhyth, in the county of Suthrey; which Thos. Hart died intestate, 29 Dec. 1526, 18 Hen. VIII.
	2 standing gilt cups with covers, 30l. 2 parcel gilt standing cups with covers, 20l. 2 great nuts, covered, harnessed with silver and gilt, 24l. 3 pint pots, silver gilt, with two coverings, 14l. 2 covered parcel gilt pots, 10 marks. 3 parcel gilt goblets with one cover, 8l. 5 flat pieces of silver, 6l. 3 mazers, with bonds and bosses in the bottoms, silver gilt, 8 marks. 4 standing gilt salts with covers, 26l. 2 parcel gilt salts with covers, 10l. 4 dozen and 3 parcel gilt spoons with knops, 12l. 2 gilt spoons, 16s. 9 gold rings with stones and his great signet, of good value. A great crown enamelled, silver gilt, 10l. 3 silver gilt girdles for his wife, harnessed, 14l. 3 pair of women's hooks, silver gilt, and a dymysent thereto, harnessed, silver and gilt, 8l. 5 pair of beads, 3 pair of coral, double gauded silver and gilt, 1 pair of jet with silver gaudes and a gold heart, 5l.
	In each of the 6 chambers.—A bedstead, 4 beds closed [with] joined work, and 2 with staves and girth,—one covered with satin of Bruges and the other with say, 9l. 9 feather beds and bolsters, 10l. 12 down pillows, 40s. 14 fine pillowberes, 26s. 11 coverings of tapestry work, 20 mks. 10 quilts, 5 mks. 1 mantle of horse-flesh color, 6s. 24 pair linen sheets, 10l. 18 diaper tablecloths, 10 mks. 8 towels, 26s. 8d. 16 damask napkins, 20s. 1 damask coverpayne, 6s. 8d. 1 white bed tester, 20s. One of the rich coats of the King's guard. 1 pair of Almain rivets, with splints, sallet and target, 13s. 4d. A steel cross bow. A handgun with a horn of bugle. 2 javelins and a forest bill. A great "closse" (clothes'?) press. The said 6 chambers are hung with new painted cloths.
	His apparel.—2 long gowns and a marten's fur. 2 doublets, one of taffeta, "another for stokks of velvet."— velvet jerkins. 3 gowns of his "wyves;" one furred with shanks, the other lined with taffeta, purfled broad with velvet, the other lined with buckram purfled with velvet. 2 kirtles of tawny camlet; one silk, the other coarse. I velvet bonnet with 3 velvet frontlets. 2 pair of silk sleeves and a velvet stomacher. A man's taffeta riding hood. A woman's hood of fine cloth, lined with violet.
	Pewter vessel.—5 dozen pots, great and small. 4 quarts, 1 pottle, 2 pints, 1 half pint. 2 basins, 1 with a ewer. 4 chargers. 1 dozen counterfeit dishes. 3 broad round basins.
	Latten.—30 candlesticks, and a great branch for 15 candles. 4 great chafing dishes. 5 basins. 3 ewers. A great barber's pot. A roller to heat a bed. A holy-water stock. 4 pewter cruets. 2 standing cupboards. 2 great round joined tables with carpets.
	Brass.—7 pots with hooks and hangils. 10 pans. 5 spats, iron. 1 pair iron racks. 1 small pair racks. 3 dripping-pans. 4 frying-pans. 3 pair great standing andirons, and 1 pair of small ones. 2 kine, 1 heifer, 2 hogs, 20 poultry, 1 grey horse, 4l. A new cart, 4 mks. An old tent of the King's. 8 verder cushions stuffed with feathers; 9 unstuffed. 3 iron tongs and 2 fire forks.
	Debts to Harte.—Wm. Uxley, 60l. The King, 25l., and a quarter's wages, 17l. John Bere, of Devon, 30l. A ship master at Dertmouth, 20l.
	Pp. 6. Endd.: Thomas Harte.
R. O.	2744. MARY the FRENCH QUEEN.
	Indenture, dated _ Henry VIII., between the King and his sister Mary with her husband the duke of Suffolk, as to the payment of their debts to the King. The Princess owes him, for expences on her previous marriage, &c., 19,333l. 6s. 8d.; and Suffolk, for money lent, revenues received and not accounted for, &c., 6,519l. 13s. 11d. They bind themselves to pay at Calais, every Dec. and June, 500l., two-thirds being for the Princess's debt, and one-third for the Duke's.
	Her debt shall be considered discharged at her death, but such hangings and jewels as remain of what she took to France shall be returned to the King. If the Princess's jointure is withheld by the French king, her portion of the debt shall be excused for the time. The payment of the Duke's debt shall continue after his death. All former indentures to be cancelled. _ day of _ 18 Hen. VIII.
	Vellum, 2 membranes. Signed by the King, and Great Seal attached.
R. O.	2. Copy of the same on paper. Noted as enrolled on the Close Rolls.
	Pp. 26.
R. O.	2745. THE WARDROBE.
	Account of the Great Wardrobe, 18 Hen. VIII.
	Receipts, 3,936l. 2s. 1½d., including money derived from the sale of silks and the rent of a tenement belonging to the Wardrobe. Payments, 3,461l. 11s. 9¼d., including a pension of 40s. to the rector of St. Andrew's, Barnard's Castle, and fees to the officers of the Wardrobe; viz., Sir Andrew Windsor, keeper, 100l.; Laurence Gower, clk., 18l. 5s.; Rich. Gibson, porter, 6l. 1s. 8d.; and the same as yeoman tailor of the Wardrobe, 9l. 2s. 6d. Livery of silk to the Chancellor of England, 16l. Liveries to the Treasurer of England, the four barons of the Exchequer, the Chancellor and other officers of the Exchequer, and other officers of the Wardrobe, 163l. 13s. 10d. Balance due to the King, 474l. 10s. 4½d.; against which Sir Andrew Windsor claims allowance of 9 tallies, raised in past years upon the victual money of Calais, amounting to 2,430l.
	Pp. 2, mutilated.
R. O.	2746. BUTLERAGE.
	"The declaration of Roger Basyng concerning such sums of money as he hath received of the King's grace in way of prest for the provision of 118 tuns 1 pipe Gascoign wine by him provided at Burdeux for the King's grace in the months of September, October, November, and December, in the 18th year of his noble reign, with the costs and charges about the provision of the said wine, and also for the costs of the rigging of the King's ships called the Mynyon and the Mary Guylford, with the costs of victuals, wages and other necessary charges of the said ships."
	Total receipt, 708l. 4s. Claret bought at various prices, from 24 to 30 francs a tun, and some at 40 francs. Customs at Bordeaux, 12 sous a tun, 6 sous a tun for "averages," and 1 sou for "barring" the wines. Lighterage, 3d. a tun; cranage, 2d.; for landing and rolling the wines, 4d.; 4d. a tun monthly for felling them, and 4d. a tun for gauging them.
	ii. Costs of the Minion:—To Master Spert, 14 Aug., 16d. a week for the board of 14 men rigging the Minion, and the same sum for 18 and 20 men in after weeks. Empty foists, 15d. each. Salt, 7d. a bushel. Biscuits, 3s. a hundred. Candles, 1d. per lb.; "for 2,000 of wood, 9s. 8d." Fish, 30s. the c[wt.?] Beer, 6s. 8d. the pipe. A quarter of beef, 4s. 4d.; half a bullock, 4s. 4d._Purser's expences: For mending 2 compasses, 5s. "For 5 shevyrs new," 3s. For 4 lb. of marling and 2 lbs. of tin, 12s. 25 lb. of oakum, 13s.
	(2.) "Names of the master and his company for this present voyage, and what they have received for their wages in Burdeux, A.D. 1526:"—John Beddon, master, 24 francs. Rob. Ferye with his lad, 12 francs. 3 yeomen, 2 at 8 francs, and 1 at 6 fr. 1 carpenter and 1 boatswain, 8 fr. each. 1 man at 5 fr. Steward and cook at 6 fr. Purser, 8 fr.; and 25 men at 4 fr. (Marginal note:—"Burdelles 25 sous Tournoys to the franc.")
	(3.) "Payment of the master and his company in London, after the deliverance of the Minion in the year 1526:"—The master, 24 crowns, and the others in proportion, common sailors receiving 4 crowns.
	iii. Costs of the Mary Gylford for the voyage to Bordeaux:—Beef, 40s. the pipe. For 7 tankards, 18 platters, 8 cups, a doz. trenchers, and 2 trays to put their meat in, 4s. 4d.; 6 lanterns and 1 candlestick of plate, 5s. 4d.; a quarter of mutton, 7d. "For my gabar that broste me from Burdeux unto Blowe with letters from the council of Burdeux," 5 sous. "For a gabar at divers times that set me aboard at the lading of this ship," 3 sous, 8 deniers. "Paid for Seynt Sawyrs money when the ship began to lade," 1 sou. For washing the cabin tablecloth, 1 sou. "For my dinner at Bordeaux," 2 sous.
	(2.) Names of the master and company for this voyage, and the wages they have received at Bordeaux, (3) and at London on their return.
	iv. Lodemanage and premage paid to the masters and mariners of the Minion and the Mary Guildford for 117 tuns [1] pipe wine at 6d. the tun, 2l. 18s. 9d.
	v. Expences of Roger Basyng and Alyn Kyng for the voyage, at 4s. a day each, and 14l. 17s. for suppers and "banckattes" on board the two vessels.
	vi. Ready money paid to the King by Mr. Controller, 137l. 6s. 2d.
	Pp. 13. Endd.
R. O.	2747. ROYAL MANORS.
	Values of the manors of the King in Kent, 18 Hen. VIII.
	Borough of Tunbridge, 13l. 13s.; expences, fees, &c., 10l. 12s. 1d.
	Chamberlain of Tunbridge, 14s.; expences, 7s. Bailiff of the meadows and pastures, 7l. 9s.; expences, 40s. The Mill of Tunbridge, 10l.; expences, 4l. 11s.
	Manor of Brasted, 45l. 15s. 4d.; expences, including fees to lord Rochford and Sir Nic. Carew, 35l. 2s. 0¾d.
	Manor of Penshurst, 27l. 6s. 1d.; expences, 25l. 15s. 8¼d.
	Total clear value for a^o 18, 26l. 9s. 7d.
	Lat., pp. 5. Endd.
R. O.	2748. WILLIAM HUSSY.
	Will of Wm. Hussy of Flyntham. His body to be buried in the parish church of Flyntham; 3s. 4d. to the high altar; 5s. "to be delt" for him; and the remainder to his wife and children, who are appointed his executors. 1526.
	Witnessed by Robt. Fereman, Ric. Knotton.
	Hol.
R. O.	2749. PETITION of the BAKERS of LONDON to WOLSEY as CHANCELLOR.
	They have always been accustomed to "occupy" the making and selling of bread for the city, according to acts of parliament and the city customs; and since the time of Edward II. they have been used to take up wheat arriving in London, at the prices given them by the mayor; but, within the last five years, (fn. 4) certain persons, aldermen and others, out of malice to the mystery, and "under colour of a common weal," procured that all the wheat coming to the city should be brought to the Bridgehouse, taken up at the mayor's price, and there garnered, and that the bakers should not be allowed to buy any other wheat but this. Articles were drawn up by the mayor, aldermen, and bridgemasters, binding the bakers to do this, which articles are ready to be shown to your Grace. By this scheme the providers of the wheat gain yearly 1,733l. 6s. 8d. at the expence of the bakers and the commonalty. They sent an answer to this effect to John Brigges, then mayor. Last year they were compelled to take out of the Bridgehouse 2,000 qrs. of musty and unwholesome wheat at 13s. 5d. a qr. to make bread of, by which they "fell in great slander" amongst the commons, who said that the musty bread caused great infection and sickness. Persons have also been sent into divers shires to buy wheat at 7s. or 8s. a qr., whereas, before their coming, it might have been bought for 6s. or 6s. 8d., "which seemeth more to use the order of regraters than to be governors of a good commonweal." Lately the mayor and aldermen tried to compel them to buy 2,000 qrs. of musty wheat at 12s., when sweet wheat may be bought for 7s. or 8s. When some bakers refused, the mayor sent them to Newgate for 11 days, and shut up their houses and shops, not allowing their wives or families to visit them or sell their bread. They have in vain asked the mayors for the last five years for redress for these and other injuries, and have been continually rebuked, imprisoned, and wronged; and now ask Wolsey for some remedy that they may have sufficient living, and not be utterly undone.
	P. 1. Headed: To the most reverend father in God, Thomas lord Cardinal and Legate, archbp. of York, primate and chancellor of England. Endd.: Bakers.
	ii. Draft of the above. Pp. 3.
R. O.	2750. The BAKERS of LONDON.
	Ce[rtain articles to be shown to the lord mayor] and aldermen on behalf of the mystery of the freemen bakers and ... [in] London.
	They are grieved that hucksters dwelling at _ (fn. 5) and other hamlets and villages near the city, repair to it daily, and sell unwholesome bread made of divers grains, as they will prove before my said Lord.
	By the old and laudable customs of the city the bakers of Stratford had certain places appointed them "to stand and make sale of their bread;" but now they have their men and horses, who go hawking through all the city and suburbs.
	Draft, p. 1, partly defaced.
R. O.	2751. EXPENCES OF WAR.
	The accounts of Sir John Daunce, commencing 12 July 14 Hen. VIII.
	Received, 100,094l. 2s. 4d.
	Paid, among others, to noblemen, gentlemen, and six chaplains, sent to the defence of Calais, May 14 Hen. VIII. Conduct money:—captains 4s. a day, petty captains 2s., mounted archers 8d., soldiers 6d., demi-lances 9d. Hire of ships, &c., all under the leading of Thomas duke of Norfolk, then earl of Surrey, Aug. 14 Hen. VIII. Lord Leonard Grey, 6s. 8d. John Parker, mounted spear, 3s. 4d. Transport, &c. for the army under lord Mountjoy, sent to Guisnes, July 16 Hen. VIII.
	Miscellaneous:—To Chr. Coo and others; to my lord of Rochford for a ship called the Anne Boleyne; 6 doz. compasses; 160 running glasses. The army under the duke of Suffolk at Calais. For the marquis of Exeter, "by the name of earl of Devon," for his diets, attending upon the king of Denmark, 24l. Carlisle herald sent into Ireland. Ric. Cavendish sent into Scotland. Reparation of ships and armours. To lord Edmund Howard, serving the King in his wars against the Scots. 20l. in reward to Angell Recaneto, conductor of the army under Suffolk. To John De Lucy, lieutenant of the Emperor's ordnance, in reward, 40l. Hire of stuff for Taylors' Hall, for the ambassadors of Scotland. To Ralph Swillyngton, late the King's attorney, for his expences in riding to Coventry, and abiding there for the examination of the pretended insurrection to be done by Francis Philips, for bringing up the prisoners, &c. Reward to Wm. Umpton, for disclosing the same insurrection. To Robert Leighton, porter of the town. To John Tailor, bailiff of Hastings, for 18 ships to transport the Emperor from Calais to England. To John Alow, of Dover, for transporting Sir Wm. Fitzwilliam and his company to Guisnes in Oct. 15 Hen. VIII. To John Tomson, priest of Rye, for conveying certain Frenchmen to London. Rewards to four servants of the late lord Marney, for entering the service of the Princess. A dinner for my lord of Suffolk and others at the examination of the bishop of Chester. A dinner for the commissioners of the first loan at Westminster, Dec. 15 Hen. VIII. Making seats for the King's Bench at the trial of Francis Philips and others. For Daunce, Hales, and others, surveying Calais, Aug. and Sept. 18 Hen. VIII. For victualling and wages of ships, troops, &c. To my lord Sandys, for fortifying the castle of Gusines. To lord Lisle, for building a storehouse at the castle of Porchester. To Fernando, the Queen's physician, for hire of a Spanish ship belonging to Roderick Gonsalvo.
	Sum total of payments, 99,832l. 8s. 9½d.
	To Thomas Tamworth and Guthlac Overton, the auditors, 20l. To John Waterhouse for making a survey of Calais, 4l.
	A paper roll of 8 sheets stitched together. Mutilated.
R. O.	2752. THOMAS WHITHEDE.
	i. "Articles against Mr. Whithede, of Stoke College."
	For wasting its woods, receiving money from Will. Bolen, of Stoke, to his own use; keeping back the pensions of Mr. Staubanke and Mr. Scrope; not paying the fine due Easter 6 Hen. VIII. to Mr. Ranys; retaining Dr. Brent's money for garnishing Mr. Grai's chapel; selling a chalice at London at Mr. D. Yakeslai's; retaining silver given to the college by Sir Jo. Turnor,—more, delivered him by Jo. Morese,—and a book of the library, called "Pupilla Oculi;" carrying the property to his benefice at Birbrouke; nailing up the hutch of the college with its common seal, with the registry, of which he has cut out certain leaves.
	ii. Decree against him for non-residence by the dean Jo. Ednam, dated 13 July 1515.
	iii. A second for violation of their 18th statute, declaring him incapable of residence for the next three years, sc. 1515–17.
	iv. A third for immoral conduct in slandering the college, frequenting bad company in taverns, keeping a suspect person "under our noses in the town of Stoke," knocking in at 11 o'clock, coming out of suspicious places "in a dode fres coot, with a cluke in his neke, more like a layman than a priest," going to market at Ely with his servant behind him carrying his bags of saffron and his weights ready under his arm, "whereby he is called priest merchant of Stoke college by the farmers there."
	v. His expulsion for one year, viz., 1518.
	vi. "When he has met Mr. Dean in the church cloister or otherwhere, he has regard him no more than a cherrystone, facing, and in manner shouldering withouten any reverence doing, insomuch that Mr. Dean has been fain and glad to creep by the wall and give him the highway." He quarrelled with Rob. Popwell, prebendary of Stoke,—with Dr. Burton, vice-chancellor of Cambridge, prebendary there,—with Thos. Wardall, Dr. Wyot and Thos. Raynes, prebendaries.
	vii. Proceedings for his expulsion on the grounds abovesaid, and reasons why he should not be restored.
	viii. "A bill of [his] submission and of his new oath taking at his coming into his college again," 29 April 10 Hen. VIII.
	ix. Articles against him since his return, from the 12th to the 18th year of Henry VIII. His offences committed when Wolsey visited the college.
	Pp. 14. Endd.
R. O.	2753. R. STRETE to [WOLSEY?].
	"[Please it your lords]hip, thund ... [r]eceyved your. l[etters]...y was Longdon co ... was the master of Gyld ... Mr. Bycley and mony pep[le] ... nd to thaym all in opyn court. I [disclosed] the tenor therof, and shall do ferther..." Has sent Ric. Cooke a letter to be [delivered on] Twelfth Day. The audit will begin the morrow of the Circumcision (crastino Circumcisio[nis]). Will be with your Lordship as soon as your matters are passed. The money which Mr. Whithed has collected for the King, and which you wrote to him to pay at this audit, amounts to 23l. 15s. 4d. and should have been paid last year, but is not part of the Bishop's arrears, as you may tell Mr. Crumwell. If he do not pay it now, either the King or your Lordship will suffer the loss. The letter to him must be in the King's behalf. Wonders that he has not sent the Great Seal for this election. "We would ye should be Bishop per vitam, and not for lack of labor to be in jeopardy * * * for woo ... it is not time ..."
	"...our Lord sent your bulls ... stly; it will be hard to han[dle the matter with the c]lergy in subsidium without they know [of it]. And how your Lordship will further comma[nd your] pleasure, and it shall be done, God willi[ng]."
	Hol., pp. 2, mutilated.
R. O.	2754. PETITION of JOHN ROO, curate of St. Christofer next the Stocks, London, to WOLSEY.
	John Bromston, chantry priest, Ric. Reynolds and other parishioners, his enemies, have induced Emme Shyngleton, a single woman of lewd disposition, to accuse him of vicious living with her, and to impute a child of hers to him. She went to Mr. Warton, chancellor of the bishop of London, asking him to expel Roo, indicted him before the inquest of the ward of Bredstrett, openly accused him before the mayor and aldermen in the Guildhall, and before the bishop of London during his visitation, who commanded them to make a charge in writing, which they did, and the case was tried for 15 weeks. The Bishop ordered him to make his purgation, but Shyngleton forbade it, and the case was remitted to be tried in the Bishop's court, she being allowed counsel; but because he was not immediately expelled, they say they can get no justice, and have proceeded no further at the spiritual law. Since then she has behaved in a most shameful way, gone privily into his house and left her child there, laid it before him in the choir during Divine service, and used shameful words. She has now been instigated to sue him before the sheriffs of London, alleging that on 16 May 18 Hen. VIII. he promised to her, in return for services past and to come, to find her clothing, pay her rent, and keep any children she might have, and that he owes her for this 800l. The matter is now at issue, and twelve men are sworn to try it. Desired certain householders of the parish to examine Shingleton, and she confessed no such promise had been made; they went before the jury, who refused to hear them, being prejudiced by Reynolds and the others, and believed the witnesses against him, two of whom were women like Shingleton, and they intend to condemn him. Asks for a writ of certiorari to the mayor and aldermen.
	Pp. 12. Endd.
R. O.	2755. RAYMOND CUTTURUS.
	"Articles concerning the matter between Master Raymonde Gutturs, merchant of Calais, and James Lawson, merchant of Newcastle," referring to a contract of the former with Eustace Ledoyen, a French merchant, of which Lawson became cognisant on visiting Gutturs at Calais on the 10 Dec. 1525. An action was taken upon it, and judgment given in Lawson's favor, by reason of a ship having been taken by the Spaniards; but Master Bryswoude, then mayor of Calais, caused them to fall to a new contract, &c.
	Pp. 3. Endd.: Raymonde Cutturus. At the foot of the third page are memoranda in Cromwell's hand, headed: "Costs payd for fynding of the offyce of Boddyshuen (?) in the county of Cambridge."
R. O.	2756. [WOLSEY to _.]
	"My Lord, in my right hearty manner I commend me unto you. And where ye right lovingly and kindly have followed and accomplished such request as in my former letters I made unto you, like as not only by such writings as I have received from you in that behalf, but also by the report of my right trusty and welbeloved counsellor, Master Shelley, serjeant at the law, I to my singular contentation and pleasure do understand and know. For this your great and kind doing, whereby it appeareth what inward affection ye bear towards me, with the good proceeding and furtherance of mine acts and affairs, I give unto you my most hearty thanks, assuring you that I shall also in such wise have the same in remembrance hereafter as shall be to your wealth and benefit accordingly. And thus fare ye heartily well. At my manor of Hampton Court."
	P. 1.
R. O.	2757. WM. LANE, Scholar of Oxford, to WOLSEY.
	Was presented to the parsonage of Brentbroughton, Linc., by dame Anne Cheyne, widow of the late Sir Thos. Cheyne, after the death of Thos. Dalby, late parson; but neither the Bishop nor his Chancellor will admit him, being influenced by Richard Stokes, one of Wolsey's chaplains, without any good ground or right. Stokes has lately been persuaded to cease these practices, and says he has given up his interest to Wolsey. Begs Wolsey, therefore, to send his letter and token to the Bishop for his institution.
	P. 1. Headed: To, &c., lord Thomas cardinal archbishop of York, chancellor of England, and legate à latere.
R. O.	2758. SEWERS.
	"The names of the Commyssioners of Sewers from Estgrenewiche unto Gravysende, by the coste of the Themys, within the shire of Kent."
	Thos. Broke lord Cobham, John abbot of Westminster, John abbot of St. Augustine's, Canterbury, Barthelmewe prior of St. Mary Overeys, Sir Thos. Moore, Sir Thos. Nevell, John Hales, baron of the Exchequer, Sir Richard Walden, John Willowby, serjeant-at-law, Chr. Hales, John Baker, recorder of London, Edw. Boughton, Wm. Draper, Ric. Gybson, Thos. Tonge, alias Norrey.
	P. 1. Endd.: The shuers of Kent.
R. O.	2759. WILL. HARRYS to CROMWELL AND OTHERS.
	Reporting certain damages done to the walls and ditches by "the brekk" at Lesenes since Cromwell was there. Was never so troubled in his life. Had to promise laborers payment out of his own purse, in case the owners of the marshes would not. Would sooner forswear all, and beg his bread, than continue thus in pain with cold and watching, with hatred of poor men and laborers. Nevertheless, will give my lord Cardinal his own services without fee, with those of two masters of the work, on condition of being allowed to go home and come when needful. Erith, this Sunday.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: To the right worshipful Master Cromwell, Master Draper, and Mr. Gybson.
Lamb. 182. f. 1.	2760. GUILD OF ST. MARY, BOSTON.
	Bull of Clement VII. granting indulgences to the guild of St. Mary, in the church of St. Botolph, Boston, in 1526.
	* The substance of this bull is printed by Foxe, v. 364. Ed. Nov.
Dec./GRANTS.	2761. GRANTS in DECEMBER 1526.
	1. Ric. ap Owen, yeoman of the Guard. To be serjeant of the peace of Chirkeland, Wales. Greenwich, 25 Nov. 18 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 1 Dec.—P.S. Pat. p. 1, m. 13.
	1. John Compton, butcher, of Bristol. Exemption from serving on juries, &c. Greenwich, 24 Nov. 18 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 1 Dec.—P.S. Pat. p. 1, m. 19.
	1. James Nedam, gunner in the Tower. To be a gunner in the Tower, vice Rob. Best, deceased, with 8d. a day. Greenwich, 26 Nov. 18 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 1 Dec.—P.S. Pat. p. 1, m. 19.
	1. Humphrey Nevill, groom of the Chamber. To be approver of the lp. of Bromfelde, Wales, vice David ap Hoell, with 2d. a day. Del. Westm., 1 Dec. 18 Hen. VIII.—S.B.
	1. John Pate, groom of the Wardrobe of the Beds. To be recorder in Bromfeld, Yale and Chyrkland, Wales. Greenwich, 30 Nov. 18 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 1 Dec.—P.S. Pat. p. 1, m. 19.
	1. Ric. Preston, of Clifden, Somers. Pardon for the death of Wm. Hayward. Greenwich, 24 Nov. 18 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 1 Dec.—P.S. Pat. p. 2, m. 24.
	6. Edw. Ingloos. Livery of lands as s. and h. of Henry Ingloos; and the same for Henry duke of Norfolk, Rob. Ratcliff viscount Egrymonde, Sir John Shelton, Sir Edw. Knyvett and Sir Roger Towneshende, feoffees; with all reversions on the death of Anne, Henry's widow. Del. Westm., 6 Dec. 18 Hen. VIII.—S.B. Pat. p. 2, m. 11.
	8. Walter Walshe, groom of the Privy Chamber. Licence to import Gascon wine and Toulouse woad. Del. Westm., 8 Dec. 18 Hen. VIII.—S.B.
	13. John Saunders, of Remmysbury, Wilts. Pardon for having broken into the house of Henry Rawlyns, clk., and taken 2l. Greenwich, 10 Dec. 18 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 13 Dec.—P.S. Pat. p. 2, m. 17.
	15. John Amadas, yeoman of the Crown. To have a corrody in the monastery of Tavestock, Devon, vice Henry Calys, who resigned. Greenwich, [10?] December 18 Hen. VIII. Del. Hampton Court, 15 Dec.—P.S.
	15. John Bragden, yeoman of the Guard. To be keeper of the King's woods in Humfryth, Strangsty and Brynstok, vice John Worteley, deceased. Greenwich, 6 Dec. 18 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 15 Dec.—P.S. Pat. p. 1, m. 19.
	15. Sir John Russell and Anne his wife. Grant of the manor of Agmondesham, Bucks, part of Buckingham's lands. Del. Westm., 15 Dec. 18 Hen. VIII.—S.B. Pat. p. 1, m. 12.
	16. Sir John Russell and Anne his wife, late wife and executrix of Sir Ric. Jernegan. Pardon and release. Also pardon of all deliveries of plate and bullion to aliens or subjects. Del. Westm., 16 Dec. 18 Hen. VIII.—S.B.
	18. Wm. Smyth. To be clerk of the market, otherwise called cache-polle, of Denbigh, marches of Wales. Croydon, 18 Dec. 18 Hen. VIII. (No date of delivery.)—P.S.
	19. Anth. Knevet, usher of the Chamber. Licence to import 600 tuns of Gascon wine and 600 tuns of Toulouse woad. Del. Hampton Court, 19 Dec. 18 Hen. VIII.—S.B. Fr. 16–21 Hen. VIII. m. 6. (This membrane is wrongly endorsed as of the 20th year.)