Henry VIII: December 1521, 26-31 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 3, 1519-1523. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1867.

Citation:

'Henry VIII: December 1521, 26-31', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 3, 1519-1523, ed. J S Brewer( London, 1867), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol3/pp812-826 [accessed 4 November 2024].

December 1521



26 Dec. Vesp. F. I. 64. B. M.	1900. BALBUS to WOLSEY.
	Met on the road a post with letters from the kings of Hungary and Poland. Hungary is in a bad state;—expects in the spring an invasion of the Turk. Last 1st Nov. the Tartars invaded Polonia Magna, and were driven back. The king of Poland has urged him to plead the cause of his Danubian subjects ("Dannensium ?") with the French king, whose goods have been taken by a French fleet. Is in some doubt what course to pursue. Is afraid of losing time in France, when he should be preparing for the relief of Hungary. Dovor, St. Stephen's Day, 1521.
	P.S.—Has heard from the imperial ambassador, who is just landed, that Francis is not in Paris. Begs Wolsey to transmit his letters as speedily as possible, especially those to the lady Margaret and prince Ferdinand.
	Hol., Lat., pp. 3. Addressed.
26 Dec. Galba, B. VII. 173. B. M.	1901. SIR RICHARD WINGFIELD and SPINELLY to WOLSEY.
	Wrote on the 23rd. This morning Mr. Secretary departed between five and six, as you will learn by his letters. Yesterday the Chancellor told us that the duke of Milan was at Trent, waiting till he could pass with security. He may enter his duchy in two ways, either by the Venetian territory or by the Grisons, who had refused him a safeconduct. The Emperor, considering the importance of his going, had provided in Almain, for a retinue of 6,000 lanceknights, with experienced captains to lead him through the Venetians. Yesterday the ambassador of Venice was called to the Emperor's presence, when the Chancellor told him how strange they found the proceedings of the Venetians in receiving Lautrec at Lona, and favoring the French, and that the Emperor expected them henceforth to declare themselves on one side or the other. The ambassador made the usual excuse, when the Emperor took up the argument, saying that he had observed the truce sincerely on his side, and thought it must be difficult for them to live uprightly between two enemies, as it was often impossible between two friends.
	By letters from Rome of the 5th and 7th, the Holy College had confirmed the league, and sent to Milan x ... thousand ducats towards the expenses of the army. Don John Emmanuel had provided for one month's wages for the Spanish foot. Milan gave 50,000 ducats for the pay of the Swiss, 2,000 of whom remained for operations against the castle, the rest being discharged, except those sent to other places, as we wrote before. The band that is to go home is well satisfied, saying they will pass with banners flying through those parts of their country that have been opposed to their enterprise. The city of Milan has appointed the bishop of Alexandria and another to go on an embassy to the Swiss, and show that they will have the duke Francis Sforza for their lord, and desire the protection of Switzerland. The diet desired by the French has been put off to meet in Lucerne on the 31st; that demanded by the Emperor was granted by all the cantons but Lucerne. The Swiss are much divided amongst themselves, and it is thought that Berne, Lucerne, Fribourg, Sallort, and Zuccha will take the French money. The opinion at Rome about the election was in favor of cardinals Sienna, Flisco and Medicis. Understand from the nuncios that some of Pope Leo's servants have been arrested on suspicion of having poisoned their master. By news from Venice it seems the Venetians have been practising with Lautrec, who was to put Cremona into their hands on condition that they should lend the French king 200,000 ducats, the French hoping thereby to set forth the Swiss and recover Milan. Extracts of the news have been sent to the bishop of Elna. Great indignation might be provoked in Scotland against the duke of Albany if the Emperor indicated to the council there that, on account of their receiving the Duke, an enemy to his allies, he prohibited their haunting his country. Most part of their wealth is obtained from here. Bannysius writes from Trent that he has received letters from Rome of later date than those which have come direct, showing that the Cardinals entered the conclave on the 19th. Ghent, 26 Dec., 11 p.m. Signed.
	Pp. 3, mutilated. Add.: To my lord Legate's grace. Endd.
26 Dec. Galba, B. VII. 175. B. M.	1902. SIR RICHARD WINGFIELD to [WOLSEY.]
	This morning master Secretary left, having omitted nothing during his abode here that might be for his sure and diligent despatch for the place he is ordered to repair to, in spite of the hard weather, evil ways and other dangers. He has not omitted to tell the Emperor the report made by you to the King of your good reception at Bruges. I doubt not he has informed you, both by other letters and by those here inclosed, how much the Emperor is gratified. I thank you for making me privy to Pace's charge, both by himself and by your letters received yesterday. Ghent, 26 Dec. Signed.
	P. 1.
27 Dec. Galba, B. VII. 175 (fn. 1). B. M.	1903. H[ENRY] COUNT OF NASSAU to WOLSEY.
	The bearer* was four years ago received into the service of the Emperor at the King's recommendation. He desires to return to England and serve the King. His good conduct here gives me firm hope that he will be of good service to the King his master. Ghent, 27 Dec. '21. Signed.
	Fr., p. 1. Add.
27 Dec. Galba, B. VII. 354*. B. M.	1904. MARGARET OF SAVOY to WOLSEY.
	I have received your letter by the secretary Paseo, in which you express yourself beholden to me, and give me the title of mother. You are right to call me so, for the love I bear you; and I hope one day to be mother of my father, that is to say, of our Holy Father. It will not be the Emperor's fault if this is not so. He is writing to you with his own hand. Ghent, 27 Dec.
	Hol., Fr., p. 1. Add.: A mons. le Legat. Endd.
27 Dec. Mon. Habs. 528.	1905. CHARLES V. to the BISHOP OF BADAJOZ.
	Since the despatch of De Castres has written frequently of the affairs of Rome and the Swiss, and of the charge given to the imperial ambassador at Rome touching Pace's mission. Has had no answer to his application for the money for the 3,000 foot, though he had heard it was already sent to Calais, and, if delayed, it might cause him much damage; nor yet about the letters patent for warning the French king, in which the greatest haste is required, as much to deter him from attempting anything new, as to induce him the easier to agree to some appointment; nor about the loan of 200,000 ducats, which also is pressing. The money which he can raise here, in Italy and elsewhere, cannot be raised soon enough for his present affairs, and for his voyage, but can be employed for the repayment of the loan, and the continuation of the enterprise. Has likewise had no effectual reply about what he wrote touching the Swiss, that the King should send some one to meet his ambassador at the diet at Zurich, on the day after Twelfth Day, or at least send letters to prevent the Swiss from deserting the Emperor, which would enable the French to regain Milan. All these things are urgent, especially as the French king is at Amiens, and has mustered 700 men-at-arms and 18,000 foot, to invade his countries anew, now that Charles has broken up his army and distributed it in garrisons on the frontier; for even if he could not take any town of importance, he might injure Charles' subjects, so that they would not be so willing to support the war, and might mutiny. The Bishop must, therefore, ask for the immediate delivery at Antwerp of the payment of the 3,000 foot for two months, the execution of his letters patent, and an answer as to what the King will do about the Swiss.
	Thinks Francis assembles these troops for two objects; first, to assure himself which side England will take; or, second, to force Charles to a peace or other appointment. Cannot resist him by arms, without the King's assistance. If Henry says he is not bound to declare himself till Charles's voyage to England, that refers only to the great enterprise of making war on France; but he cannot be excused from assisting him to repel invasions. Has been content to bear the whole expense till now to please him, and, as Henry must declare himself in two months, Charles wishes payment for 2,000 horse to be sent immediately. When he has declared himself, they can be used where he pleases; and if he wishes, they need not be raised in his name. If he refuse this, the Bishop must ask the King what he advises Charles to do, and, if he mentions the truce, may say that he thinks Charles will be content if the King think it can be obtained on reasonable conditions; but if he say he can give no advice or other remedy, the Bishop must reply that Charles will be forced to some appointment of peace or truce, which he would be sorry to accept without the intervention of the King or Legate. He must show all this to the King, praying him to have regard to the coming danger. Sends extracts of news from Rome, Milan and Switzerland. He can tell them that Charles has heard that the king of Portugal died on the 10th, the Conception of Our Lady, and that his son was sworn King on the 16th. Will shortly send some one by way of England to console the Queen, and because there has been a French envoy there, since before the King's death, trying to bring about a marriage between the present King and Madame Renée of France. He shall communicate his charge to Henry on the way. Wishes Henry to send some one thither himself, and that an English ship should be prepared for greater security. The Bishop must report Henry's and Wolsey's advice, and send Charles all news, especially that from Scotland, as it is reported in Rome that the king of Scotland is dead and that Albany is King.
	P.S.—Since writing Pace has arrived. Delayed the post till he had had an audience. Received from him and the other ambassadors the letter from the King, in his secretary's hand, dated Richmond, 19th inst. Pace declared several articles about which the Bishop has written: communicated what had been written to him touching Tournay from France, and the reply made thereto; an extract of the letters of the English ambassador in France, showing the wish of the French for peace, and their want of money, which is even greater than Charles's; the King's advice about making a treaty with Venice; his resolution for the entertainment of the Swiss, which Pace will attend to on his return from Rome, which will be very late, considering the state of affairs; Wolsey's conversations with the Hungarian ambassador, and the substance of the letters signed by Hannart which that ambassador showed him, and which Charles wishes to see, if it is possible to get a copy. After this, Pace presented him separately the letters in Henry's and Wolsey's hands, in accordance with which he has given the despatch as Pace wished. Is writing to both of them in his own hand. Has today received letters from Italy that his troops are not going to Cremona and Genoa, on account of the death of the Pope, and because Francisque Sforza has not yet arrived in Milan, but they have made bridges over the Po and Adda; that the marquis de Saluce and Frederic de Bozzolo were in Cremona with 1,500 foot, and that Lautrec with 300 men-at-arms was at Lonnate in Venetian territory, which shows the Venetians support the French.
	Fr. Draft.
28 Dec. R. O. Bradford, 27. Mon. Habs. 526.	1906. CHARLES V. to HENRY VIII.
	I have received your letters by Pace, and perceive your intentions as to the election of the new Pope. They agree with my own opinion of the cardinal of York, as he will see by the letters I wrote him on hearing the news. His prudence, learning, integrity and other virtues render him worthy of such a position; and immediately on hearing of your intention, I wrote to propose him, as you will see by the copy of my letters given to Pace with the originals. I will spare nothing to effect this, and will assist him not only with letters, but, if necessary, with my whole army in Italy; for, besides the force in Lombardy, there are in Naples 500 men-at-arms and 500 light horse of the rear guard, who might be useful. My ambassador will tell you more. Gand, 28 Dec. 1521.
Bradford, 30. Mon. Habs. 527.	1907. ii. The SAME to WOLSEY.
	I have received by Pace the letters written by you and the King with your own hands. Am glad they agree so entirely with what I have already written to you, and that a way is open for me to show you my great desire for your advancement. You will see what I have written to my ambassador at Rome by the King's letter, and by what my ambassador will tell you. Gand, 28 Dec. 1521.
	Fr., pp. 2, copics. Endd. The original of no. II. is in Cotton. MS. Galba, B. VII. 160*.
Vit. B. IV. 222. B. M.	1908. CHARLES V. to DON JOHN MANUEL.
	Has written to the various cardinals to solicit their interest to create Wolsey Pope. Is to employ his efforts for that purpose.
	Lat., mutilated, pp. 2. Endd.
	Headed: "Copia literarum ad Johannem Emmanuelem in Urbe oratorem."
28 Dec. R. O.	1909. The DUKE OF ALVA to QUEEN [KATHARINE].
	Kisses her hands for her letter in answer to two of his touching events in these realms. Is much obliged by what she says concerning the dead in this her house, and that she has shown herself such a true Castilian. She rejoices at what the grandees and knights have done in defence of the crown:—at their own costs they have got back to their allegiance two kingdoms, gained two battles in the short time she has seen; and while the Emperor has increased his authority, the king of France, seeing his own weakened, endeavored to recover it by the attack on Fontarabia, where he found no provisions in consequence of the sterility of those parts, and devastated the province to such an extent that the Spanish succors could not approach. "Your highnesses" will see that this is as much a loss to you as the Emperor, as, if it be not recovered, the hope of Guyenne is gone. The people of Castile will suffice for its recovery; but, because in the late rebellion the people wasted the royal revenues, and the knights were ruined, nothing is left for the support of the army. Your highnesses will have troops if money come, and we will bind ourselves to give at Bayonne account of the rest. The army of the Prior alone had 700 men-at-arms at Toledo, and 7,000 foot, and the viceroy of Valentia 14,000 foot and 1,000 men-at-arms in Valencia, at the cost of the knights; and we 2,000 men-at-arms and 12,000 foot. She can judge in what case they are likely to be if the fury of the French be pushed to extreme. Begs her to use her good offices in behalf of the Emperor, by providing pay for the army and bread for the frontiers.
	She may infer what sort of friend the French king is like to be, should he become supreme, from his treatment of her nephew; for while he professed to be his friend he stirred up the commons against him, and came to their assistance; and he is endeavoring now to have the same intelligence with them. Cannot prevail on the Emperor to gain by kindness and condescension the hearts he has lost, as he is badly counselled. She must therefore advise him to put himself into their hands (a nos otros lo manda). "If he would have trusted me, the rebellion might have been stopped without bloodshed, for that which is obtained by compassion is preserved without arms; and for this I have labored and do labor as much as possible." Is hurt that the Emperor listens to the impassioned and interested, who merely flatter him. Alva and his wife have no family, and would be glad to find a remedy for the kingdom, and only desires as his reward to see the Emperor the friend of his own kingdom, and the knights satisfied who have served him so well; and as her highness is to him a mother and lady, she should counsel, command and aid him, for he needs it. Above all she should counsel him to come [hither] soon, and he will find love, troops and money in abundance. Prays the King to receive this letter as if addressed to himself, and to assist the knights who have merited it so well, and are most zealous to serve him. Vitorya, 28 Dec. 1521. Signed: F. d'Alva.
	Spanish, pp. 3. Add.: A la muy alta y muy poderosa señora ... la Reyn[a] ... Endd. in a modern hand: To the Queen, from the duke of Alva.
28 Dec. R. T. 137.	1910. TREATY between FRANCE and SCOTLAND.
	Confirmation of the above, reciting that the King, after deliberation, and by the advice of Albany, his governor (tutor), assents to a treaty arranged by Albany on one side and Charles duke of Alençon for Francis on the other, for offence and defence, and primarily against the king of England, in case of his invading the dominions of either. Whenever the king of England levies war on France, Scotland shall invade England, and if required shall send to the aid of France 6,000 men-at-arms, and vice versâ. All the ancient treaties between the two crowns to be in force, whenever a rupture occurs between France and Henry. The ordinary arrangements for comprehension. For corroboration of the allegiance, in the event of Charles refusing to take in marriage the younger daughter of Francis, she is to be given to James, or some other daughter, whenever she arrive at ripe age, provided there be no obstacle on the part of the Church. Edinburgh, 28 Dec. 1521, 9 James V. Signed: Jehan.
	Lat.
28 Dec. R. O.	1911. SHIPPING.
	Wages paid by John Hopton to the keepers of the following ships, now in the Thames, from 8 Oct. 9 Hen. VIII. to 23 March 12 Hen. VIII.; sc., the Herry Grace Diew, Thos. Sperte, master, 18s. 4d., and 11 mariners at 10s. a month. The Kateryn Fortune, Wm. Bokar, and 3 men. The Gabryell Riall, Davy Hogeskyns and 3 men. The Gret Barbara, Wm. Eton and 3 men. The John Baptist, Wm. Tolle and 3 men. The Mary Rosse, Wm. Mewe and 4 men. The Gret Barke, Robt. Longmed and 3 men. The Peter Pongarnot, David Bonar and 2 men. The Mary George, Wm. Taylor and 3 men. The Mary John, Wm. Bischope and 2 men. The Lesse Barke, Phelipp and 2 men. The Mary James, Thos. Bedford. The Herry Hampton, Simond Lychelate and 2 men. The Lyzard, Dave Skrase and 1 man. The two Rowbarges, Ric. Gogh and 1 man. The Rosse Galey, Michill Muffet. The Kateryn Galey, Wm. Harford. The Soverayn, John Clyff. The Gret Nycolas, John Rowte.
	8 Nov. 9 Hen. VIII. The Gret Galey, John Rogers, master, 7 mariners and 2 gunners.
	30 Sept. 10 Hen. VIII. The Mary Gloria, Gyls George and 3 men at 12s. 6d. a month.
	Total. Shipkeepers' wages, 1,472l. 13s. Caulkers' wages, 7l. 6s. 8d.
	Continuation of the account till 28 Dec. 13 Hen. VIII. The names of the ships and the total amount not given.
	Pp. 60.
29 Dec. R. O.	1912. CHARLES V. to HENRY VIII.
	In behalf of David de la Roche, English subject, formerly in the King's service at Tournay. In the year '18, at the King's request, he was received by lady Margaret as a man-at-arms into the company of the sieur De Fiennes. He now wishes to return to England and enter the King's service. Gand, 29 Dec. 1521. Signed.
	Fr., p. 1. Add. Endd.
29 Dec. Mon. Habs. 534.	1913. The BISHOP OF BADAJOZ to CHARLES V.
	As to the loan, deferred mentioning it to the King or Cardinal till the arrival of De Castres, who has not yet come. Saw no mention of it in Charles's letters, except those of the 21st and 23rd, which he has received today. Has not omitted to dispose the King to aid the Emperor. Will attend to it with all care when De Castres arrives. Has not yet fully answered his letters of the 6th, owing to the absence of the Cardinal at Hampton Court, and of the King at Richmond and elsewhere; and other letters arrived, requiring a speedier answer. Has lost no time, notwithstanding his illness. The King and Wolsey agree with Charles about the truce, and think the French should neither be allowed to despair, nor should certain hope be given them of a truce. They think he should send a power for it, although nothing should be done, unless when Charles thinks it suitable. Wolsey himself promised that if the French ambassadors asked for the truce he would entertain them, without bringing on a rupture. As to the letters patent requiring assistance against France, he was content that the Bishop should inform the King of their contents, provided he did not make either a presentation or requisition until the King could effectively warn Francis according to the treaty. Insisted strongly that the Cardinal should allow him to make the said intimation; but finding him determined, was content to declare the Emperor's mind to the King by word of mouth. The King answered that Charles had done well to despatch the letters; but it was not convenient for them to be presented now, because if he did not declare himself immediately after, it would be thought he was slow in executing his obligations, and that he was not thoroughly attached to Charles, whose influence and reputation would thus be injured. As, therefore, he was bound to declare himself at a fixed time, it was better that the declaration should be made a little before that time.
	Argued that it was better to make the intimation now, both to alarm the French, and to bring them to better conditions, if a truce was talked of, especially as the time for the declaration is near. At length, not to irritate the King, passed the matter over till the Emperor's wishes were known. Had arranged, however, for an authentic instrument of the presentation by a notary apostolic without the knowledge of the King or any other. Wishes for instructions in this matter. There was no necessity to explain why the papal letters of requisition were not sent, nor why the Emperor is not held to make restitutions similar to those made by the French, as no such objections were started by the King. As to the entertainment of the Swiss, the Emperor knows the King's resolution by his previous letters and by Pace. As to the payment for the 3,000 foot, does not doubt that it will be made when demanded. To prevent delay, a special mandate should be sent to ask for it, and, if necessary, a quittance given. As to the protection of the Low Countries, Henry took it in good part that Charles would not cause him greater expense than he was bound to by treaty. Thinks he sincerely accepts the protection. Believes Wolsey desires for the King some higher authority than protector, if he should find it necessary to cross the sea; for in such case everything should be at his disposal. It would be well to explain to the King what authority he will have before the time comes. The King has never spoken about the protection, or about the preparations for war.
	Asked the King and Cardinal for their advice about the means of bringing the king of Portugal into the common league. This needs great dexterity, seeing how anxious that King is to marry his daughter to the Emperor, and the Emperor's present need of his assistance. This topic the King and Cardinal discussed for some time in English, so that the Bishop thought the King had some suspicions; but his words showed nothing of the sort, for he seemed pleased that the Emperor had frankly consulted his wishes. At length he answered that it would be very profitable for Charles to entertain the king of Portugal by good words, and the Emperor should inform him that he cannot determine about that marriage, or any other, till he is in Spain, especially as he intends to pass through England, where he will treat of many matters of importance. He should not say that he will ask the advice of the Spanish council about the marriage, as in that case the king of Portugal will treat with the Spaniards to make them advise it.
	Asked that men might be sent to Bayonne and other parts to collect news; which was willingly promised. The King said it should be done the more diligently, as the French heard news quicker than the Emperor. Answered they were always desirous of hearing news, like people who were accustomed thereby to deceive their neighbours, and reminded him of false news which they had written with the greatest care; which he acknowledged, mentioning the late news of their successes in Italy, and the promises of many states to maintain 30,000 men in their service for many months. He said this laughing, and added, "The Emperor my son has the kingdom of England, through which he may send to Spain in safety. I wonder he has not news from Spain every week, and by that way from many other places." He has again declared that the ships are being prepared, and two in particular, from which the Emperor can select one for his own use, each being of 500 or 600 tons, with the best rigging and stores. The King told the Bishop he intends to send ambassadors to Spain of the first rank, to show the Spaniards how much he loved and honored the Emperor; and so saying, dismissed him, referring him to the Cardinal, who added nothing more at that time, but that when they were at Hampton Court, which is beautiful and finely ornamented, that house should be the Emperor's own, as he had already given it to the King and his successors, and had fixed on it as the place where he intended to receive the Emperor. Nothing has been done with the Hungarian ambassador, and he has departed. Although he frequently said he should not go to France, as it would displease the Cardinal, on the day he left he told the Bishop that if Francis was not far from Calais, he meant to visit him before the Emperor. The ambassador in France is changed. Asks that his salary may be paid from the money for the 3,000 foot. Charles would not refuse if he knew his condition. London, 29 Dec. 1521.
	Lat.
R. O.	1914. SPINELLY to _.
	Sends a bill of divers news, to be delivered to "my lord's grace." The heresy of Luther daily increases in Alamany, and the priests of several collegiate churches have taken wives in foro ccclesiæ.
	Last night the Chancellor showed him letters of Mykell Abbattis to the don provost of Utrecht and Mons. d'Oxtrata, saying that with a safeconduct he will come hither and tell the Emperor many things to his honor and profit. The safeconduct will not be granted, but they will try to bring him to some place where he may be taken prisoner. He wished to know whether the King would allow him to be taken if he came to Calais. Could not say, but is sure, if he were taken, that many "tromperryes and deceptions" of the French will be discovered. Wishes his correspondent to ask Wolsey's pleasure. His servant, a Savoyard, says he is at Peronna.
	Hol., pp. 2.
30 Dec. Galba, B. VII. 176. B. M. Mon. Habs. 539.	1915. CHARLES V. to his AMBASSADORS IN ENGLAND.
	Although I have often been solicited to make arrangements with France, I have refused to have any other mediation than that of England, but have continually informed the King of everything according to the treaty of Bruges. Two practices have recently taken place tending to the same object, and although we think them only meant to separate us from our uncle, we think it right to let him know. One Michael Abbatis, a subtle fellow, who was in England in the time of Maximilian, came to us during the siege of Masieres, with letters from Fras. Sequinghen, on the pretence of soliciting for him the recovery of a prisoner who had been taken from him at Metz, and on the same pretence has been with our Chancellor at Calais, and again returned to our court continuing his suit. Hearing that he was inquiring about affairs here, and had gone to Antwerp, we began to take suspicion, and had determined to arrest him, but the provost marshal, who had charge to do it, found he was already gone. Abbatis has since notified to our secretary John Hannart that he had matters to communicate of great importance to our wellbeing. Nevertheless, I would not allow him to come, or Hannart to go to him, but notified to Abbatis to come to Brussels, and sent thither our secretary John de la Sauch, not on our part, but on the part of Hannart, to see what he could draw from him. Did this principally on account of the letters written to Wolsey by the ambassador in France, of which Wolsey had sent us an extract, stating that Francis Sequinghen had offered his service to the king of France. Abbatis, however, on meeting De la Sauch, told him nothing about Sequinghen, but said he had been in the French court about the matter of a German count named Ryffrechet, who was prisoner, and that in talking with Robertet about the war, the latter regretted that there was no means of making an arrangement; that the King his master desired nothing but peace. On this Abbatis said that perhaps the taking of Fontarabia, the affair of Tournay, and the 10,000 cr. of Naples were some difficulties. Robertet replied that if they could only get a man to manage the affair, none of these things would be an obstacle, and the King would do everything for peace. Afterwards Robertet conducted him to Francis, who confirmed what he had said. Le Sauch replied that these were great matters, and wished to know if he had any instruction. He said no, but if they would send some one with him he would prove all that he had said. Le Sauch said it was impossible to send any one merely on Abbatis' own word; if it had been Robertet they would be more inclined to trust it. Abbatis said he hoped to be able to bring Robertet to Cambray if they would send some one to treat with him; to which Le Sauch replied, without any commission from us, that he might return, and assure himself better of what he had said. This day Abbatis has sent a man express to Hannart to tell him he had returned to Cambray, and had found the king of France and his mother firm in this matter, that they would send Robertet or St. Marsseau to Peronne, and that if Hannart or any one else on our part would be at Cambray the same day, they would meet him. He said Madame the Regent wished to join our aunt in some good pilgrimage, out of which might come some arrangement for peace.
	Although the king of France would have a bad bargain, making peace with us at present in his great necessity, we have not allowed Hannart to make any answer which might be construed into acceptance or refusal, but only to excuse himself to the messenger that Hannart was too much engaged, and begged him to wait. I desire meanwhile to have the advice of the King and Wolsey whether to reject the whole thing, or keep up the intrigue to amuse our enemies.
	The second practice is this: the provincial of the Cordeliers, who came to visit the monasteries in our countries, has told our confessor that he had been advised by Lafayette at Boulogne to say to him that if he would take upon his conscience the charge of terminating all questions between us and the King his master, he was sure that Francis would submit to our confessor's sole judgment. The confessor has replied, with our consent, that the message was very general, and he did not know that it was well authorized. Ghent, 30 (fn. 2) Dec. 1521. Signed.
	Fr., pp. 5, mutilated. Add.: A reverend pere en Dieu, nos amez et feaulx conseillers et ambassadeurs devers notre bon frerc et bel oncle, le roy de Angleterre et de France, l'evesque de Badaioz et d'Elne, et le sieur de Caestres, notre souverain de Flandres. Endd. in Spanish: Del Emperador de xxx. de deziembre, tr^a a dos de enero con Jaques.
30 Dec. R. O.	1916. HIERONYMUS [GHINUCCI] to WOLSEY.
	Not wishing to trouble you, I asked Mr. Larch to commend me to you. He put me in good hope, but said you could not decide the matter till you had seen the King. Hearing you are going to stay a few days with his majesty, I send this to remind you of my petition. You told Larch that you would wait for an opportunity of speaking to the King, but your authority with him is such that you always have an opportunity. For many reasons it is very important to me that the matter should be quickly dispatched. I begged Larch to tell you that the bishopric and all things belonging to it should be at your command. "Ex Elnithon" (Eltham), 30 Dec. 1521. Signed: Hie. audit. Cam^æ.
	Lat., p. 1. Add.
31 Dec. R. O.	1917. GAWIN DOUGLAS BISHOP OF DUNKELD to WOLSEY.
	Master Galtere, commendator of the abbey of Glenluse, and secretary to the duke of Albany, has come to London with Ross herald and Carrick pursuivant, who is a Frenchman born, and, as the Bishop believes, is to go to France. Begs to have audience of the King as soon as they. If he could know any of their directions, he might be able to inform the King and Wolsey of matters necessary for making their answer. Asks him to remember his little matters at Rome, and to give credence to his chaplain, the bearer. London, New Year's Eve. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: To my lord Cardinal of York, legate de latere and chancellor. Endd.: The bp. of Scotland to my Lord's grace.
31 Dec. Vit. B. IV. 224. B. M.	1918. PACE to WOLSEY.
	Arrived this day at Spires. Heard from an Almain that the College of Cardinals had written to those captains who had expelled the French from Italy, willing them to prosecute the same expedition. He said the Papacy lay between Flisco, Medici and Jacobatius. "If the said Flisco shall obtain that dignity, it is hard to know what way he will take, quia Genuensi[s est]. Jacobatius is a wise man and a good cle[rk], and when he was auditor of the Rot[a he] showed himself at all times, [and in all] causes to him committed, of very [upright] and perfect conscience. Senex præ[terea est, quod pluri]mum ad rem pertinet, [et tot filios habet] (uxorem enim olim habuit) quot papa Leo habuit nepotes, quorum numerus exiit in proverbium." He belongs to the Colonna faction. De Medici is "at a great fordeale," as he has many bishoprics and abbeys to dispose of. The cardinal of Mantua makes great labor to obtain it, and is rich. Spires, 31 Dec.
	Thos. Clerk has passed.
	Hol., pp. 2, mutilated. "My lord Legate's grace."
Calig. B. I. 274. B. M. Green's Lett. of Royal and Illust. Ladies, I. 236.	1919. QUEEN MARGARET to DACRE.
	Would be glad to hear from him; "and suppose ye be unkind to me, and will not let me hear from you, I will not do so; for I will (fn. 3) desire your counsel in anything that I have adoo, and do after it." Hears that he says she has lost the favor of her brother and her friends in England. Trusts it is not so, for she has "made no fault in no way to the King" nor his realm. Could not refuse to write to the French king for Albany without displeasing him, which would have procured her worse treatment. Thought her writing would do him little or no good, and hoped the King would not be displeased, considering her condition is worse than ever since she came last to Scotland. Is fain to put away her jewels, for she gets no penny of her living; and the Comptroller, who has lent her money this year, will lend her no more, for she owes him 600l. Hopes the King will not let her be undone and shamed. Asks him to let her know how the King's mind stands to her, and to give her his advice. The Lords desire her to put her son into her house of Stirling. Will not do so without knowing the King's pleasure, "for he caused me to get them (fn. 4) again." Wishes him to send a servant to Stirling; for there is a matter she dare not write, for it may do her harm. Dacre must make some message for him to Arran, and he must say he has orders to see her before he returns. Wishes the bearer to be sent back in haste.
	Hol. Add. Endd.
R. O.	1920. The BORDERS.
	"A bill of information made unto my lord Cardinal's grace for the repressing of maintainers of murder within the county of Northumberland;" with marginal notes showing what has become of each offender, or what is to be done with him.
	1. "Anthony Heron, escond-begotten son to John Heron, of Chipches, with others," lay in wait and murdered Alan Elder, of Warkworth, for which he is "indicted, and the pele entered." "In sanctuary within the bishopric of Durham." 2. Elder being afraid of John Heron and his sons, the earl of Northumberland had bound John Heron to keep the peace. After the murder he discharged him from his service. "A privy seal to make answer." 3. Archibald and Geo. Reveley and Laurence Bele "are indicted for the murder of Thos. Reveley, of Chatto, and thereupon the pele is entered; and by the lord Dacre's pursuit arrested for treason, and set in ward, whereof the one is dead in prison" (the first two had fled to the bishopric, the last to Scotland). 4. Sir Roger Gray, of Horton, is indicted as accessory to the murder. "A privy seal to make answer." 5. Rob. Huton,—Thew and others indicted for the murder of Edward Wetewang, "and the pele is entered." "In sanctuary in Durham." 6. The said murder was done by command of Ralph Swynno, of Rok, as found by inquest, "and now is agreed with the party." "A privy seal to make answer." 7. Humph. Lisle, son and heir of Sir William Lisle, of Felton, and—Jowsy, indicted "for the cruel murder" of Sir Ric. Lighton, canon of Brenkburne, "because he occupied their own tithe corns of the town of Acton. And because his brethren are religious men, they may not follow the pele." "In the shire of Northumberland, kept in secret places." 8. The said Sir William occupied the tithe corns that year and the year before, against the will of the canons, without paying any rent. When he heard that Lighton was occupying them he sent his son and servant to turn him out; on which they killed him with their swords. 9. "Good it were that Thomas Strey, clerk of the assize, were called upon to present unto your grace all such indictments as was found of wilful escapes at the assizes holden at Newcastle afore Mr. Brudenell and others in annis x^o et xj^o." "Of the names of them a privy seal to be made, and sent for to make answer." 10. "The said Thomas Strey to make search of certain recognisances, and amongst other the recognisance anempt James Dod, of the Burnemouthe, one of the greatest robbers of all Tynedale, forfait for his non-appearance at the last assize holden at Newcastle in anno xij^o. H. VIII." "The sureties to be sent for by privy seal to pay the sum that is forfait."
	"In mine opinion, the premises being called upon shall cause good order to be in this country."
	Pp. 2.
R. O.	1921. The BORDERS.
	"Memorandum that Nycolas Tweddell, Alex. Corbett or his son, Rob. Tweddell, Rob. Carok that led Malley away under the rule of my lord Dacrez, Chr. Carroke, John Carroke, George Carroke otherwise called George the Gwyd under the rule of Rob. Thyrlleway and Edmund Noble in Bewcastell Dale, came the Saturday next after St. Luke's Day last past to the Reydburne in Werdale, and stale kye and other noote to the number of sixteen, one horse and two mares of John Lonesdelles, Will. Sympson, Henry Hudson and Roland Lawe, and all the household stuff that the said John Lonesdell and Will. Sympson had."
R. O.	1922. ADRIAN DOLEVYN.
	i. Minutes of the examination of Adrian Dolevyn alias Dyryk, for holding and publishing heretical opinions. He confesses himself to be the author of the book upon which he is examined, but that the notes are by Gregorius Hyan. He confesses to having said that the shepherds who preach the word of God should have meat and drink, but no money; that it was better to pray privately than in church; that pilgrimage was not profitable, &c.
	ii. His penance; sc., to bear a faggot bareheaded, barelegged, and barefooted, from the Black Friars to Saint Paul's; then, service done, to stand before the preacher at the Cross all sermon time; and after to return to Westminster; whence he came, and receive the rest of his penance, at command of my lord Legate's grace.
	Present: Allan Coke, LL.D.; John Underhyll, LL.B.; John Sympson, LL.D.; Wm. Kyst, "Teutonus" and chaplain; Matthew Grestey, notary public, and others.
	Draft, pp. 3.
R. O.	1923. THOMAS late EARL OF DERBY.
	1. [Thomas] Earl of Derby to Wolsey.
	Remembers his commandment respecting the matter of Shenstone at his last being with Wolsey, and has accomplished it accordingly. Wishes a determination in a cause in the Star Chamber betwixt himself and certain of his tenants of Holand. Lathum House, 24 Jan. Signed: "Derby & Stanley."
	P. 1. To my lord Legate's grace.
R. O.	2. Complaints against Thomas Earl of Derby.
	"Articles of riots and assemblies and other unlawful offences commit and done by Thomas earl of Derby and his retinue."
	He caused John Butler and John Talbot, esquires, with more than 200 of his retinue, "in most riotous manner to keep the King's fair at Whaylley," notwithstanding the King's command. He caused proclamations to be made in his name, and charged the King's officers not to meddle in anything that day on pain of their lives. Though the riot was found afore the justices of the peace, no condign punishment has been had. The fair has been kept at Whallay twice in the year time out of mind, but the Earl has caused it to be "laid away." Divers gentlemen of his retinue, who killed many of the King's deer in the forest of Bolland by night and day and were indicted, are so favored by Mr. Justice Conysbe "in their fines sessing, that they report they can have better price of hart's flesh than of beef." A man stole 100l. of gold and money from his master, and fled till he came to the Earl's servants, whom he prayed to aid him, saying he had slain one of Sir Richard Tempest's servants; so they took money of him and said they would convey him to the Isle of Man; but he was pursued, attacked, had to gaol at Lancaster, and impeached at the sessions, when such favor was shown him that he remains there till this day. Also, the Earl commanded his servant Sir Henry Kygheley, with 800 persons, to go to Preston and put out a chantry priest there, and put in another against the will of the burgesses. A special sessions was had to inquire into these and other riots, and the sheriff commanded divers of the King's servants to be there with their friends, who were impanelled. The justice "took the impanels, and with his pen he marked and wrote a M of all lord MounttEgle friends upon their heads, and also a T for all Sir Richard Tempest friends, and B for all Mr. Butler friends, with divers such other, and crossed them forth of impanels wholly, and charged them all to avoid the town, except only they that favored the Earl's causes."
	These offences have been complained of to the Chancellor of the King's duchy, "and as yet but little punishment or remedy."
	Pp. 2. Endd.
R. O.	3. Will of Thomas Earl of Derby.
	Desires that the executors should compound with the King for the wardship and marriage of his son, whom they are to bring up "in virtue and cunning as shall appertain to lylle man's son, as I being his father am." Bequeaths to the Cardinal a gold ring and diamond and 20l. in gold, beseeching him to be good to his chantry, beadhouse and free school. Other bequests, illegible from mutilation.
	Pp. 2. Endd.
R. O.	1924. EDWARD EARL OF DERBY.
	Mem. that Edward earl of Derby owes by indenture to the King, for the debts of his father, Thomas late Earl, 2,500 mks., of which 1,200 mks. is due and not yet paid, and the remainder is due at future days. The late Earl made an indenture with the Cardinal for payment of 400 mks. yearly, and after his death, while the present Earl was under age, the King received 3,600 mks. from the profit of his lands, more than the debt now owing, but no allowance was made, nor any part of the debt abated, "as it was found by office that the late Earl died seised of the said lands recovered," and by reason thereof the present Earl was ordered to make the said indenture to the King for payment of the residue of the debts.
	P. 1.
R. O.	2. Petition of Geo. Tylysley, receiver of Malorsarsenek, co. Flint, now in the King's hands during the nonage of Edw. Stanley, son and heir to Thos. late earl of Derby, to "your good masterships," complaining that the bailiffs of Knokyn, Donaston and Kynaston, and all the King's tenants of Malorsarsenek, refuse to pay the rents due at Michaelmas and Martinmas after the death of the Earl. Names given.
	P. 1.
Ashmol., no. 1109. f. 120.	1925. ORDER OF THE GARTER.
	Ordinances for the officers of the Order of the Garter, 1521.
R. O.	1926. SIR PIERCE BUTLER.
	Petition for a repeal of the act of the parliament holden at Drogheda before John earl of Worcester, deputy to the duke of Clarence, 7 Edw. IV., whereby Esmond and Theobald, sons of James FitzEsmond FitzRichard Butler earl of Ormond, by Kewanagh his wife before marriage, were made legitimate. The petitioner urges his faithful service to the King, and that he is right heir to the said James by the King's laws.
	On parchment, sealed.
R. O.	1927. DUCHY OF CORNWALL.
	Debtors to the King in his duchy of Cornwall, a^o 13, for whom John Tregian, deputy receiver, desires to have privy seals. Drew Myghell, of Truru, 14l.; Thos. Brwer, of Fowey, 20l. 13s. 10d.; Nic. Stevyn, of St. Lawrens, 14l.; John Southover, 11l. 6s. 8d.; Wm. Brendon, of Calistok, 20s.; John Hart, of Walsingham, 30s.; Ric. Boncle, of Grandpond, 8l.; John Trenkene, of Tybest, 9l.; Thos. Reynolds, of Camelforth, 32s. 0½d.; the prior of Coventre, 176l. 13s. 4d.; the sheriffs there, 50l.; Sir Pers Egecomb, 48l. 12s. 6½d.
	P. 1.
Dec./GRANTS.	1928. GRANTS in DECEMBER 1521.
	1. Recognizance cancelled, made by Humph. Stafford, of Codered, Herts, Sir Walter Devereux lord Ferrers, of Cherteley, Staff., and Rob. Cheyny, of Chesham-Boys, Bucks, 7 March 5 Hen. VIII.—1 Dec. 13 Hen. VIII.—S.B.
	4. Edw. Ringeley, gentleman usher of the Chamber. Reversion of the office of keeper of the warren near Dovor Castle, on vacation by John Copledik, who holds by patent 13 Sept. 3 Hen. VII. Also reversion of the office of steward of Dovor Castle, and the right of holding a court at the gate of the castle; on vacation by John Fyneux, who holds by patent 19 June 3 Hen. VII. Greenwich, 12 Nov. 13 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 4 Dec.—P.S. Pat. p. 2, m. 23.
	6. Sir Wm. Bolmer. Wardship of Geo. s. and h. of Sir Th. Conyers. Del. Westm., 6 Dec. 13 Hen. VIII.—S.B. Pat. p. 2, m. 5.
	6. Philip Conore, alias Conwey, of London, ale-brewer. Protection; going in the retinue of lord Berners, deputy of Calais. Del. Hampton Court, 6 Dec. 13 Hen. VIII.—P.S. Fr. m. 10.
	6. John Griffith, yeoman of the Guard. To be keeper of the great park of Harden, N. Wales, with herbage and pannage, during the minority of Edw. s. and h. of Th. Stanley late earl of Derby, as held by James Caas. Windsor Castle, 15 Nov. 13 Hen. VIII. Del. Hampton Court, 6 Dec.—P.S. Pat. p. 3, m. 17.
	6. Wm. Reskymer. To be bailiff of the lordship of Helston in Kyrryar, Cornw., parcel of the duchy of Cornwall. Windsor Castle, 26 July 13 Hen. VIII. Del. Hampton Court, 6 Dec.—P.S. Pat. p. 2, m. 9.
	8. John Morrys. Wardship of Th. s. and h. of Rob. Whyte, of Suthwarnborogh, Hants. Del. Westm., 8 Dec. 13 Hen. VIII.—S.B. Pat. p. 2, m. 16.
	9. Hugh Lytheley, of Esyngwold in Gawtresse forest, co. York or Derby. Pardon, having been outlawed, 15 Aug. 11 Hen. VIII., for riot at Esyngwold in 3 Hen. VIII. Del. Hampton Court, 9 Dec. 13 Hen. VIII.—S.B. Pat. p. 2, m. 9.
	10. John de Syverne and Nich. Bonan. Licence to import 400 tuns of Gascon wine and Tolouse woad. Windsor Castle, 23 Oct. 13 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 10 Dec.—P.S. Fr. m. 6.
	12. Sir Griffith Donne, the King's servant. Licence to import 400(?) (quindringenta) tuns of Gascon wine and Tolouse woad. Richmond, 16 Aug. 13 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 12 Dec.—P.S. Fr. m. 6.
	12. Edm. Lyvesey, yeoman for the King's mouth in the Ewery. To have the fee of the Crown, being 6d. a day, vice John Trice, deceased. Windsor Castle, 6 Oct. 13 Hen. VIII. Del. Hampton Court, 12 Dec.—P.S. Pat. p. 2, m.5.
	12. Sir Wm. Thomas. Reversion of the offices of steward, chancellor, surveyor and receiver of the manors of Haverforde-West and Rowse, marches of Wales, now held by Sir Rise ap Thomas and Sir Griffin Rise his son, by patent 16 May 9 Hen. VIII. Also reversion of the office of captain of the castle and town of Aberusterwith, S. Wales, now held by Sir Rise ap Thomas, by patent of Arthur late prince of Wales, dated 1 April 17 Hen. VII., with fees of 12d. a day for himself, and 4d. a day each for 12 bowmen. Richmond, 11 Dec. 13 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 12 Dec.—P.S. Pat. p. 2, m. 8.
	16. James Taylour, clk. Presentation to the church of Norton-in-Hales, Cov. and Lich. dioc., vice John Greayesley, deceased; in the King's gift by the minority of John s. and h. of Sir Wm. Littilton. Windsor Castle, 12 Oct. 13 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 16 Dec.—P.S.
	17. John Jenyns, the King's servant. Annuity of 33l. 6s. 8d., from 8 June last. Del. Hampton Court, 17 Dec. 13 Hen. VIII.—S.B. Pat. p. 2, m. 17.
	18. Nich. Messenger, clk. Presentation to the church of Southluffenham, Linc. dioc. Calais, 18 Dec.—Pat. 13 Hen. VIII. p.2, m. 13.