Spain: April 1525, 1-15 | British History Online

Calendar of State Papers, Spain, Volume 3 Part 1, 1525-1526. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1873.

Citation:

'Spain: April 1525, 1-15', in Calendar of State Papers, Spain, Volume 3 Part 1, 1525-1526, ed. Pascual de Gayangos( London, 1873), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/spain/vol3/no1/pp115-126 [accessed 27 November 2024].

April 1525, 1-15



1 April.	65. The Emperor to Pope Clement VII.
S. E. L. No. 1553, f. 435.	Has duly received His Holiness' letter of the 8th March, delivered by the Papal Nuncio (Castiglione). Cannot express his joy at seeing that the common Father of the Faithful and Vicar of Christ deigns to congratulate him on his past victory, and shows also a most decided inclination to bring about a lasting peace among Christians. Such has always been, and is still, his (the Emperor's) constant wish; and certainly nothing shall be omitted on his part to gain that object.—Maioreti (Madrid), 1st Apr. 1525.
	Addressed: "Beatissimo Patri Clemente VII. P. P,."
	Latin. Original draft, in the hand of Alfonso Valdes, one of the Emperor's secretaries, pp. 2.
1 April.	66. Treaty proposed by Pope Clement VII.
S. T. c. P. P. L. I.	1. The Pope and His Imperial Majesty to be perpetual allies, friends of friends, and enemies of enemies; and to be bound to defend each other's possessions in Italy and elsewhere.
	2. Any Italian powers that desire to be included in the present treaty to give in their names within a period of 20 days, as the Duke of Milan (Francesco Sforza), the Florentines, and the Marquis of Mantua (Federigo Gonzaga) have done already.
	3. The Emperor, the King of England, and the Archduke (Ferdinand) to take under their protection the Pope, the house of Medici, and the Italian powers that may adhere to this treaty, principally the Florentines. The Pope, in a like manner, to take under his protection the Emperor, the King of England, and Archduke [of Austria], defending their respective rights, and especially those that His Imperial Majesty has over the kingdom of Naples.
	4. The Emperor, King, and Archduke to withdraw their protection from all rebellious subjects of the Holy See within a period of 20 days.
	5. Should war be undertaken against the infidel Turk, the signers of the present treaty to consult with each other as to the amount of aid in money or troops which each Prince is to contribute towards it; and, in order to avoid delay, to appoint ambassadors or agents duly empowered to meet at Rome and arrange matters with the commissioners of the Pope and Emperor.
	6. Rebels and declared enemies of any of the confederates not to be allowed to reside in the country or territory of another confederate, but after 10 days' notice to be taken up and delivered, if demanded, to their respective sovereigns and lords, Rome alone to be excepted, as being the common, fatherland and general place of refuge, unless in the case of rebels to the Emperor, to the King of England, or to the Archduke [of Austria].
	7. The present treaty not to be secondary to or dependent on other treaties, either between confederates or otherwise, and not to interfere with any others made or to be made between the Emperor and the King of England.
	8. This treaty to be in force from the day on which it is signed, till a year after the decease of one of the contracting parties; none of whom, however, shall enter into any treaty, covenant, or compact against any of the above clauses without the express consent of the other parties. In case of any Italian Prince being included, the duration of the treaty to be from the admission of the same till a year after the death either of the Pope or of the Emperor. Neither are the said Princes to conclude any other treaty without the consent of the Pope and Emperor.
	9. The three temporal Princes mentioned in this treaty engage to persecute heretics to the utmost of their power.
	10. Likewise to assist the Pope in reforming the Church.
	11. Should the Emperor wish to come [to Italy] to be crowned as King of the Romans, the Pope will treat him with due honour, and also oppose equally with spiritual and temporal weapons all those who may endeavour to prevent his coming.
	12. The above conditions to be ratified in four months' time, and to be observed until ambassadors from the Princes arrive at Rome, properly empowered to sign the same.
	13. Should there be in the present treaty any particular clause for which the assent of the Emperor, King of England, and Archduke is particularly required, in that case the Pope's agents, on one side, and the Viceroy, Charles de Lannoy, as Captain-General of the Holy League, on the other, will be fully empowered to arrange the same.—Done at St. Peter's, Rome, 1 April 1,525, in the presence of His Holiness [the Pope]; of Don Luis [Fernandez] de Cordova, and of Giovanni Bartholomeo de Gattinaria, Imperial ambassadors; of John Clerk, Bishop of Bath, ambassador of the King of England; and of me Fernando Pedro de Salamanca.
	Latin. Contemporary copy. pp. 6.
2 April.	67. The Commissioners to Madame.
K. u. K. Haus- Hof- u. Staats Arch. Wien. Rep. P. C. Fasc. 223. No. 26. f. 61.	According to the tenor of their letters, forwarded by Squire Cilly, the President did that very day call on Monseigneur the Cardinal [of York], in order to communicate to him the contents of the letters and instructions brought by the said esquire respecting M. de Praet's case.
	And, first, he (the President) told the Cardinal, as graciously as he could, that, considering him equally well acquainted with the articles proposed by the English ambassador [in Spain] as with the answer recently made by the Emperor, there was no necessity for him again to return to that subject. On this point the Cardinal answered nothing, save certain hints and allusions to those who had been the cause of his being mistrusted. He (the President) not choosing to enter upon such topics, made no reply to his observations, but began to explain the Duke of Savoy's ideas about the peace. The Cardinal said he was very glad to see that the suspicion of his wishing to treat with the French King had been abandoned. It was now clearly demonstrated that it was not he, but others, who had made overtures to France, whereby his goodwill and intentions would become manifest. Upon which the President replied that the said overtures did not come from the Emperor either, nor from any person about him, but merely from the King of France, to whose advantage they really were, as was clearly shown to him afterwards in the course of conversation.
	The Cardinal having; offered no contradiction to the above premises, he (the President) went on to explain the contents of the Pope's letters, as well as his own instructions. Firstly, the Emperor would not show his discontent to the Pope, and, although his own affairs were in danger, he had sufficient courage to push on and accomplish his designs, to which end he had resolved to increase his present army in Languedoc. To the 4,000 German infantry and 300 men-at-arms, already posted on the frontier of that province he was about to add 7,000 or 8,000 foot, 500 men-at-arms, and a strong detachment of light cavalry, besides some country militia and an artillery corps. With these forces it was his intention to attack Narbonne and other fortified towns of that province.
	Secondly, considering the heavy expenses the Emperor was making for the maintenance and keeping of his Italian army, the King of England was duly bound to raise a good army and invade France by whichever point suited him best. The Cardinal immediately replied that he was well aware of that condition, but he knew also there was a clause in the instructions [to Praet] purporting that Madame was to furnish a contingent of 3,000 horse and 3,000 foot, to be led by the King of England wherever he was pleased to go. This the President at once contradicted, and on the Cardinal insisting that there was a clause to that effect in the instructions, the former denied it, upon which the Cardinal, rather disconcerted, exclaimed, "If that be the case, it must be that at your court they tell our ambassadors one thing, and write another." After which he added: "However this may be, there can be no doubt that Madame ought to furnish the said contingent in men, for the King, my master, intends to cross over in person, as stipulated in the various treaties, and the Emperor is also bound to do the same;" and he offered to show the original treaties, which he had by him. The President's reply was, that there was no need of his seeing the treaties again, as he knew their contents by heart. He was quite certain that no such stipulation had ever been made. The treaties contained no clause obliging Madame to furnish a contingent whatever, in horse or foot.
	On the supposition that the said clause really existed, the Cardinal had, on the previous day, informed the Commissioners, as contained in their despatch of the 31st ultimo, that if Madame consented to send 3,000 horse and 1,000 foot to invade France by Picardy, he (the Cardinal) should be glad to discuss the terms of the capitulation.
	Now, he says, Picardy is too strongly fortified to be invaded with so small a force, and that since the King of England intends to lead his army in person, he must attack some other region, where the defences are not so strong or numerous, a project which (the Cardinal says) Madame is bound to assist and favour with all her forces, as otherwise she might lose altogether the affections of the English. To which the ambassadors replied—as they did the day before—that if the King of England wanted men, he could, as stipulated in the treaty, raise as many as he chose at his own expense. The Cardinal concluded by saying: "Madame must now make every effort, by which the Emperor will profit, to conquer Bourgogne, Languedoc and Provence. I know the way to make him the monarch of the whole world, and Emperor also, not upon paper nor in writing, but really enjoying the possession of Italy, and holding his court at Rome." The ambassadors' answer was, that they had no idea the Emperor's views were intent upon universal monarchy; they thought he would at any time be satisfied with his own and what by right belonged to him.
	After which, as he had many people waiting to transact business with him, the Cardinal put an end to the conference, begging him (the President) to return the next day, at 3 o'clock in the afternoon.—London, Saturday the 1st of April (1525).
	Signed: "Adolf de Bourgoingne," "Joos. Laurrens," "Jehan de Lesauch."
	Addressed: "To Madame Marguerite, Gouvernante des Pays-Bas."
	Indorsed: "From the Commissioners at London."
	French. Original, pp. 2.
2 April.	68. The Emperor to the Duke of Sessa and Giovanni Bartholomeo di Gattinara, his Ambassadors at Rome.
M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Muñoz. A. 83. F. 257.	The King, &c.—We received your despatches of the 24th. 26th, and 27th of January last, brought by Albornoz. Thank you both for your exertions in preventing the invasion of Naples, which the Duke of Albany planned. You are to caress and indulge the Archbishop of Capua (Schomberg), Micer Augustin Folleta (Agostino Foglieta), and all those who at Rome showed themselves friends of the Empire. You will likewise thank in our name all the Spaniards, ecclesiastics or laymen, who lent money on the occasion.
	The captainship (capitania) vacant by the death of Don Alonso de Carvajal has been granted to his brother at the express request of Alarcon, to whom we could not well refuse a favour of this sort. But we will take care to remunerate the Duke's services in another manner.
	The couriers had better go to Genoa, where our ambassador Lope de Soria will provide brigantines and other fast vessels for their passage. If directed to Barcelona, Bartholome Ferrer will take care that the letters and despatches reach us wherever we may be holding our court.
	Cardinal Cibo and his brother-in-law Count Gayaço are also to be thanked for their good offices.—Madrid, 2 Apr. 1525.
	Spanish. Original draft, pp. 3.
2 April.	69. The Same to the Same.
M. Re. Ac. d. Hist. Muñoz. A. 83, f. 259.	After the above was written your joint letter of the 8th March brought by a Papal courier came to hand. We entirely approve the terms you have used when speaking to His Holiness after the victory of Pa via. We now send you a copy of our answer to the Pope's Nuncio (Baldassar Castiglione) on the occasion. You may assure His Holiness that we are ready to do anything he may suggest in the matter of this league, but that a place in it ought to be reserved for other powers. As to the Venetians, it is quite clear that we will never take up arms against Christians, however they may have wronged us, as we have lately told their ambassador here, but should they harbour any scruple or suspicion on this point and wish to compound for a sum of money, they may say so at once and make an offer.—Madrid, 2 Apr. 1525.
	Addressed: "To the Duke of Sessa and to Dr. Juan Bartholome de Gattinaria at Rome."
	Spanish. Original draft pp. 2.
3 April.	70. Laurens to Margaret of Austria.
K. u. K. Haus- Hof- u. Staats Arch. Wien. Rep. P. C. Fasc. 223. No. 17.	Has not written before about the money which the King and Legate have sent to Calais, because the information he had was not of sufficient credit. Knows now for certain that the King has sent thither 200,000 ducats, and Messire Gregoire [de Casalis] has told him how and when the money is to be spent. On his return home he (Laurens) will tell Madame more about it.
	The Legate has communicated to him (Laurens) the King's reasons for invading Normandy rather than any other part of France. There are no strong places (he says) in that province, and the King has besides some friends (quel ques bonnes intelligences) in it. The above and other reasons, which had better be told than written, have caused the King's determination. He (the Legate) begs that the whole thing be kept as secret as possible.—London, 3 Apr. 1525.
	Signed: "Laurens."
	Addressed: "A Madame, &c."
	French. Original. p. 1.
3 April.	71. Pope Clement VII. to Chancellor Gattinara.
S. Pat. Re. Bul. Suelt. L. No. 1. f. 116.	As Giovanni Bartholomeo Gattinara is now returning to Spain, he (the Pope) cannot but express his sentiments of gratitude towards the Emperor. Nothing could be so agreeable to him (the Pope), as to renew his alliance with the Empire. "Quanquam in amore et beniuolentia quidem nihil in animo nostro novatum est, sumus autem qui fuimus, nec tempus ullum fuit quo eius nobis non esset Majestas et amplitudo omni humana re charior (sic). Sed quod intus inclusum et ardens gerebamus, id iam omni impedimento et obicie (sic) sublato potuimus in apertum patefacere." For at the time that the French were very powerful in Italy, and when it was thought that the Imperialists could no longer resist their attacks, our own security and that of the rest of Italy naturally prompted us to lean to that side where there was less danger for us, "tunc vero timores et pericula nostri et ecclesiastici status nos eo adduxerunt, ut et nostrarum rerum securitatem ab ipso Francorum Rege quereremus, et vicissim ei illam a nobis sponderemus, qua conuentione facta, cum multorum iniquis obtrectationibus tanquam aliarum partium facti nisi mutabimur, perstitimus tamen in suscepta neutralitate, totiusque belli iudicinm in quo Nos multum momenti facere potuissemus, si aliena voluntate fuissemus, Deo omnipotenti promissimus." Of these sentiments, as well as of his (the Pope's) wish to promote universal peace, the said Giovanni Bartholomeo Gattinara is a good witness, and will be able to inform the Chancellor.—Dat. Romæ, apud Sanctum Petrum sub annulo Piscatoris, 3 Apr. 1525. "Sadoletus."
	Addressed: "Dilecto filio Mercurio de Gattinaria, Caroli Imperatoris Hispaniarum et Regis Catholici Magno Cancellario."
	Latin. Original, pp. 3½.
6 April.	72. Margaret of Austria to Cardinal Wolsey.
S. L. Suelt.	Has heard from her ambassadors in England the good terms on which they are both with the King and Cardinal. Writes to them by this post what she can do and ought to do, but must wait for the Emperor's answer, whom she has consulted Has written also to the King in her own hand, as she heard that he wished to have Praet punished before he left England. Cannot believe the King could ever entertain such an idea. Has desired the English ambassador (Knight) to write home about this; and sent her orders for Praet to come back, with the King's permission. If, however, the King should still insist upon Praet's punishment, she will forward to the Emperor his letters and those of Cardinal Wolsey.—Brussels, 6 April 1525.
	Signed: "Marguerite."
	Addressed: "To Monseigneur le Cardinal Legat d'Angleterre."
	French. Contemporary copy. pp. 2.
8 April.	73. Commissioners to Madame.
K. u. K. Haus- Hof- u. Staats Arch. Wien. Rep. P. C. Fasc. 223. No. 27. f. 63.	After their last letter of the 3rd inst., and in consequence of news lately received here from Italy and various other parts, whereof they wished to ascertain the truth; also because the Pope's Nuncio and the ambassador of the Duke of Milan had each had a courier with similar intelligence, and had called immediately on the Cardinal, they (the Commissioners) resolved to apply likewise for an audience, in order to show that they were not in England to lose their time. Accordingly, last Thursday [6th], having sent to inquire when it would be his pleasure to receive them, the Cardinal answered that having been summoned to Grune-wys (Greenwich) on the ensuing Friday [the 7th], he could not grant them an audience until this very morning, which he did.
	Being asked on their arrival whether they had any news, the Commissioners answered they had none, and that they came on purpose to know if there was any. Upon which he (the Cardinal) proceeded to say he had received letters from the English ambassador at Rome, purporting that the Pope, at the solicitation and prayer of the Italian Princes, was endeavouring to conclude with them a defensive and offensive league, and proposed that a body of 15,000 Switzers, besides a competent number of troops in cavalry as well as infantry should be immediately raised for the purpose of aiding the King of France. The Pope had requested the English ambassador to write home and engage both the King and Cardinal to join the said league, and give the Princess in marriage to the Dauphin of France. By so doing (the Pope added) the French King might be prevented from ever returning to his estates, and, after the demise of the two Kings [of France and England], their respective kingdoms would be lawfully inherited by the said Dauphin and Princess. For the maintenance of the said army the Pope engaged to pay 100,000 ducats monthly; the Venetians a similar sum; Florence, Sienna, Lucca, and other powers. 300,000. The better to persuade the King and Cardinal to join the aforesaid confederation, the Pope had instructed his ambassadors in England to say that unless the proposed league was immediately effected, the Emperor would come into Italy and make himself master of the whole country.
	To the above overtures made by the Pope, the English ambassador, previously instructed by the King and Legate, who had some knowledge of the affair, had answered that the King, his master, would never bestow the hand of the Princess, his daughter, on anyone but the Emperor, and that he advised him (the Pope) to postpone the said league, as likewise all idea of a French alliance, and to make common cause with the said Emperor and King, as otherwise Spain, England and Flanders might [in a religious point of view] withdraw their allegiance.
	This answer of the English ambassador had rather staggered the Pope, who, after some time, and having recovered himself, inquired how he was to act under the present circumstances; and upon the ambassador insinuating that he ought to recall Messire Matheo [Giberti], his Datary, and order him not to mix himself any more in State affairs, the Pope sent for the Archbishop of Capua, and consulted him thereupon; who having received previous notice from the ambassador, found his advice good, and approved of the measure. The Pope then placed the whole affair in the hands of the Archbishop, and the Cardinal [of York] is now sending an express to His Holiness to confirm the above and approve the ambassador's answer.
	After this declaration the Cardinal told the Commissioners that the King, his master, persisted in the idea of sending his army to Calais, and was actually despatching his ambassadors [to Flanders], who are the same mentioned in a former letter. They are to leave this port next Monday, to prepare packhorses and "limoniers," of both of which, according to the note he showed us, a considerable number will be in request. The same ambassadors will take charge to raise between 3,000 and 4,000 Germans foot and 1,000 horse.
	The Cardinal ended by declaring he had very good hope that Madame would contribute with the 3,000 horse and 3,000 foot mentioned in a former despatch, for otherwise (he said) the Emperor, Madame, and the whole of Flanders would lose the affections of the English, and give them occasion to conclude some advantageous treaty with the enemy, or join the projected league. Hearing which the Commissioners remonstrated warmly, by saying they could not believe him to be in earnest, and that if ever they (the King and Cardinal) carried their threat into execution, they would be the first to repent. To which the Cardinal replied: "That eventuality is not of our own choosing, and we shall never forsake your alliance unless you give us cause for it. You ought to be very careful not to drive us to despair, for we may, out of spite, turn our arms against you."
	After due remonstrances on their part, addressed in the mildest and most courteous terms possible, the Commissioners withdrew, not without having first declared their hope that things might continue, as heretofore, on the most friendly terms, to which the Cardinal offered no contradiction, but, on the contrary, showed by his gesture and words that he was inclined to persevere in that path, protesting that he never would become a party to destroy that which he had taken so much trouble to build. He hoped the marriage of the Emperor to the Princess would soon take place at Rome, where he (the Cardinal) intends also to be present.
	Having slightly alluded to the Scottish ambassadors and their suit, the Commissioners were told that no alteration had been made, and that they had already left for their country.
	Respecting Monsieur de Praet's affair, they (the Commissioners) obtained the Cardinal's permission for him to quit the country and cross over to Flanders, but he was on no account to call on him and take leave, for the King, he said, would not see him. He had good hope that the Emperor would punish him according to his deserts, by not again calling him to his councils, for if he did, he (the Cardinal) would acquire the conviction that everything the said Praet has said and written against him was done at the express will and consentment of Madame the Governess of the Low Countries.
	The Cardinal, moreover, informed the Commissioners that the Duke of Albany, with 400 men-at-arms and some infantry, had succeeded in making his escape into France.—London, Saturday, the eve of Easter, the 8th of April [1525].
	P.S.—Are anxiously expecting the return of Squire Cilly or of any other person likely to bring instructions respecting the contents of their various letters since the 3rd inst., and hope the order for their recall will also be annexed.
	Signed: "Adolf de Bourgogne," "J. Laurens," "Jehan de le Sauch."
	Addressed: "To Madame la Gouvernante des Pays-Bas."
	French. Original, pp. 3.
8 April.	74. Jos. Laurens to Madame.
K. u. K. Haus- Hof- u. Staats Arch. Wien. Rep. P. C. Fasc. 223. No. 27.	The Commissioners went yesterday [the 7th] to see the Legate, who of his own accord told them much pleasant news, as Madame will see by their joint despatch of the 2nd. He told them, among other things, that he was about to advise the King to have the Princess, his daughter, take lessons in Spanish, Italian, and French, and try also to persuade the Emperor to learn English. To-day the Commissioners have attended Mass at his chapel, and dined with him. He was very kind and familiar with them at table, and said, among other things, that besides the 10,000 men that he always kept ready for the King's service, and against the Scotch, he would, whenever he pleased, lead to the intended invasion of France by the King 200 gentlemen of the Royal household, 2,000 foot, and 1,000 horse. He expatiated at large on the strength of this kingdom, which, he said, contained 9,000,000 of people, 27,000 towns and villages, 53,000 parishes, and 200 convents (convens). Has invited them for the next day "pour tenyr les pasques avec luy," saying that he proposed to administer the Host to Mons. de Bèvres, and remit all sins to those who attended Divine Service on such a day.—London, ce Samedy veille de Pasque Florye, 8^me d'Avril.
	Signed: "Laurens."
	Addressed: "To Madame the Governess of the Low Countries."
	French. Copy. pp. 2.
11 April.	75. The Same to the Same.
K. u. K. Haus- Hof- u. Staats Arch. Rep. P. C. Fasc. 223. No. 26, f. 62.	This afternoon the Commissioners having requested the president to call on Monseigneur the Cardinal, he (Laurens) went to his rooms and found him conversing with the Scottish ambassadors. After the departure of these, and on the President inquiring what could be their business, he was told by the Cardinal that they (the ambassadors) had come to take leave, and were going away without getting any one of the affairs for which they had come to London settled, and that he considered he had just rendered a most signal service to the Emperor by rejecting their offers on three different points.
	They had come to ask, first, the hand of the Princess for the young King of Scotland [James], promising to forsake the French alliance, to place the person of the King in the hands of the English monarch until he should be of age, and to furnish a certain force in cavalry and infantry wherewith to invade France.
	Their second object was, in case the King of England did not approve of the said marriage, to propose an alliance and lasting peace, the King of France being included in it.
	Should the King reject the two above propositions, they would gladly accept a truce to last until the next Saint Andrew's day.
	The Cardinal had rejected all their offers, and consequently England was to continue at war with Scotland, but he hoped that before the King was ready for his French expedition, the Scotch would come to more reasonable terms.
	The President has since heard that soon after his interview with the Cardinal, the said ambassadors were again summoned to his presence. What passed between them he cannot say, but is certain that they are not yet gone.
	In answer to the above statement made by the Cardinal the President said he could not conceive why the third proposition of the Scottish ambassadors had not been admitted, for certainly he saw no harm in granting the truce, when, in the meantime, some good enterprise might be made in France. The Cardinal replied that it was far preferable to be at war with the Scots than sign a truce with them, as they would not trust him afterwards; and, moreover, it was not the custom in England to take men from the frontiers of Scotland to serve in a French campaign, as they were always wanted on the borders.
	After which the Cardinal went on alluding to past events and to the chances and fortunes of the late war, hinting at the great services he himself had rendered the Emperor. He concluded by saying the King, his master, had resolved to cross over to France in person, and that, in due acknowledgment for past services, as well as to show his present goodwill, the Emperor could not do less than furnish him 3,000 cavalry and as many foot, wherewith to invade Normandy.
	To this proposition the President replied that it was well known by former declarations that the Emperor could not concur in a plan of the sort. His subjects would not give money for such a purpose, and the Cardinal knew perfectly well that General Estates and popular Assemblies, whenever they granted subsidies, insisted upon knowing to what purpose the money was to be applied.
	He (the Cardinal) retorted that the King, his master, had decided at all events to make a descent into Normandy, and that if the Emperor did not assist him in that project, it would be a sign that he neglected his interests, and therefore the King would no longer be obliged to look after the Emperor's. The Emperor ought to take care not to drive the English to despair, for, solicited as they were by Italy, they might find cause to join the confederates and do something injurious to the Emperor's interests.
	His (the President's) answer was that he and his colleagues were very desirous of doing everything in their power to forward the King's views on that point, but could not, for the reasons above stated, grant the Cardinal's request.
	Upon which the Cardinal said: "If that be the case, let us treat the affair in general, and whenever the Emperor's Captain-General meets with the King, my master, let them advise together as to the point to be assailed."
	"Neither can that be granted" (replied the President) "for the said Captain-General would have to go to Normandy, where the English King intends to go."
	The Cardinal then said: "The King is to disembark at Calais, and send, besides, another army by sea wherever he likes most. The Emperor's Captain-General can easily go thither and discuss with the King, my master, the plan for the future campaign. Besides which, our artillery is at Valenciennes, as you well know, and it will be far more advantageous to deliberate at Calais than at any other place, for fear the enemy should become aware of our intentions."
	The President's answer was, that he would immediately acquaint Madame with the Cardinal's objections, but could not act against his instructions.—London, Sunday, the 11th of April.
	Signed: "Adolf de Bourgoingne," "J. Laurrens," "Jehan de Lesauch."
	Addressed: "To Madame."
	Indorsed: "From the Commissioners. London, 11 April."
	French. Original. pp. 2.
12 April.	76. The Same to the Same.
K. u. K. Haus- Hof- u. Staats Arch. Wien. Rep. P. C. Fasc. 223.	Is in great perplexity and knows not what to do from fear of the first despatches from Flanders bringing instructions contrary to what the present bearer will explain. Begs, therefore, to hear as soon as possible what Madame's good pleasure is. Will in the meantime do his best with his colleagues to keep matters in the state they are. If, owing to the importance of the business, Madame wishes to have time to consider, the Commissioners may at any rate expect shortly a few words in writing to guide them in their negotiations.—Londres, 12 April [1525].
	Signed: "Laurens."
	Addressed: "To Madame."
	Indorsed: "Le President à Madame, 12 d'Avril."