Henry VIII: October 1546, 11-20 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 21 Part 2, September 1546-January 1547. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1910.

Citation:

'Henry VIII: October 1546, 11-20', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 21 Part 2, September 1546-January 1547, ed. James Gairdner, R H Brodie( London, 1910), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol21/no2/pp121-138 [accessed 16 November 2024].

October 1546, 11-20



11 Oct.	256. Gardiner to Paget.
R. O. St. P., i. 880.	The conference with "Duke Philip and the other "of which Paget desires to be advertised was as follows. My lords Chancellor, Great Master, Lord Chamberlain and the writer being appointed to hear them, they, alleging that their letters and commission perished at Gravelyng, said they came, upon an overture made by Master Mason, to obtain the King's favourable resolution in the matter of marriage, upon which the rest should depend. Could not induce them to speak any specialty, and therefore we told them that the marriage seemed rather the end whereunto the other matters should be an inducement, and that Mr. Mason's commission could not allure them hither, for it had been plainly refused. We would speak with Mason next morning and return. On the morrow Mr. Mason went with us and clearly verified this answer, which Duke Philip could not deny; whereby it appeared that they now came as men repenting their refusal. They then declared the Countie Palatyne's inclination to a league with the King, whereunto the rest of the Princes Protestants should be induced, and delivered a capita of articles of such a league, like those contained in Mason's instructions. With this capita we repaired to the King, who resolved that, to win time, we should return to them and allege that the greatness of the matter required commission, which they might now send for, as the King was removing that day and we repairing to London. They agreed to do so, but would have had us procure the King's letters to the Countie Palatyne. We, however, showed them that such a request was unreasonable; and so we parted. London, 11 Oct. at night.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.: 1546.
11 Oct.	257. Carne to Paget.
R. O.	Occurrents here be none; but Peter Stroche is said to be in the Landsgrave's camp, sent from the French king with 200,000 cr.,— and yet the Landgrave's men are deserting. Bearer (fn. n1) can report more plainly. Sends a book printed here in justification of the Emperor's wars against the Duke of Sax and the Landagrave. The Duke and Duchess of Cleves will be here shortly to see the Lady Regent, who daily looks for a post from the Emperor. Bruxelles, 11 Oct. 1546. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
12 Oct.	258. Selve to Francis I.
Corresp., No. 42.	Has been to Windsor and shown the King the contents of the memorial sent by Francis to the Baron de la Garde who had already departed. As to the commission to Maréchal du Bies and the complaints of the French merchants the answer was that the English commissioners should be ordered to speak with the French as soon as possible, and that the fleet was sent only against the Scots, who were pillaging English, Flemish and French. Paget afterwards showed Selve's man the commission of the captains of the new ships, two articles of which were, to respect French ships and those of the King of England's friends. Could not get the King to write Francis a word therein, so as to reassure the French merchants; only a promise that the English ambassador in France should make a declaration. The King of England complained of Francis' answers to his ambassador about (1) the hay which Blerencourt carried into Ardres (Francis having said the meadows were part of his county of Guisnes, whereas this King could show proof that they are his and on this side of the river, the Mayne, which forms the boundary), (2) the source of the river flowing by Pont de Bricque at Quesques or Vielzmoustier, and (3) the fortification of Bolemberg (which he says was begun long before the treaty, as the French Admiral and other deputies know). As to the Liane the writer answered according to what he had learnt from the president of Rouen.
	That matter finished, the King expressed surprise that there was no news from Germany, for he was advertised that Francis had sent Strozy and other gentlemen thither. Asked him if his ambassador sent that news. He replied No. Selve said he thought that Strozy might have gone into Italy, but not to Germany. The King afterwards said that Mons. de Lignes, the Emperor's captain on the frontier near Guisnes, wrote that Francis had sent the Germans 200,000 cr. which the Emperor captured. Told him that such news was mere invention. Writes the rest to the Admiral, so as not to be wearisome. The Seigneur Grono going by way of Antwerp, as appears by his letter to the Pope's nuncio which he left open for De Selve to forward, a duplicate of the despatch which he carries is here enclosed. London, 12 Oct. 1546.
	Fr.
12 Oct.	259. Selve to the Admiral.
Corresp., No. 43.	Suggests that when the English ambassador makes his declaration the Admiral and other Councillors should be present and a secretary should take down his words. The King of England said that his ships were going straight northwards and might be already in Scotland. Others say that eight of them go to Brittany (where, near the "ratz Sainct Mahu," the Lion and other Scottish ships lie in wait for the English ships bringing wine from Bordeaux and La Rochelle), and the rest to Scotland. Some say that they are sent to Ireland to resist an invasion of Scottish savages, and others that they go to take possession of St. Andrews castle. Has also heard that the whole fleet goes to Boulogne with victuals before the fort of Portel is rebuilt. Warns Du Bies in case any other enterprise is intended. The number of ships was at first given as 14; now 20 or 25 are spoken of, and even 40. As they come from Yarmouth, Harwich, Hampton and this river, it is difficult to learn the certainty. Some say that the Viceadmiral will command, others Mr. Hodoux, captain of the Pansy, the ship next in size to the Great Henry. John Ribauld of Dieppe goes with the ships, which are ready, but the wind is against their going to the north.
	Berteville, who told M. de la Garde that he was going into Germany, wrote from Calais to a merchant here, sending him his son and asking him to pay his expenses and those of a soldier who was with him until his return, which should be in 15 days. Captain Pierre, St. Blancquard's lieutenant, got into conversation with the soldier, who, believing him to be in the English service, said that they came from the country of Coutantin in Lower Normandy, and that the English gentleman who went thither was there a month and had only just returned. He had passed as a Frenchman and spoke French very well. Captain Pierre, pretending to be in the plot, led the soldier to confess that the gentleman was captain of the isles of Jersey and Guernsey, and that the country of Coutantin was not at all strong, especially a castle (fn. n2) of Madame d'Estouteville there. Hears that the captain of Jersey and Guernsey is Mr. Myrtis (fn. n3) of the King's Privy Chamber, and that he answers the soldier's description, being tall and thickset with a longish fair beard. Has been told that Myrtis went to fetch Berteville's son, whom he stole away and brought hither; but cannot think that a gentleman of the King's privy chamber should go for the son of Berteville. Is assured that Berteville has arrived here, so that his German journey has been short. His man says that they went only to Dunkirk, and heard that Strozy had gone to the Germans and was lending them 200,000 cr. Immense difficulty in getting correct information here, where he found no predecessor to direct him, and his service is so dangerous, the people being very suspicious and often punished upon mere suspicion. To gain someone he must promise the King's liberality, and asks for authority to do so. This seems very expedient now when there is no certainty which way the English will take; for, however friendly their words, he fears that they will be guided only by self interest. The Emperor's ambassador is oftener at Court than he used to be. He was there when M. de la Garde was there, and returned to this town only the other day when Selve went thither; and he went back to Court as soon as Selve returned here. Is told that it was for affairs of the merchants of Flanders; but cannot believe this, because the Chancellor and Councillors at the same time returned hither from the Court. Has just been told that the Earl Douglas and the English Governor of the West Marehes have had an interview and parted very dissatisfied with each other. Sends copy of a letter he has received from Captain Pierre, lieutenant to the Baron de St. Blancard, to whom M. de la Garde sent a courier, and also of his letter to Paget and the reply about the affair of the Baron, upon which the lieutenant has already written to the Admiral. London, 12 Oct. 1546.
	Fr.
12 Oct.	260. Dr. Richard Cox to Paget.
R. O.	Takes the opportunity of this messenger to babble with him, which is as delightful as talking sadly with many others. "I had commendations from you only by Fowler. I excuse your business." Begs favour for the suits of his friend the bearer. Paget will do well to travail as he has begun for the establishment of the Prince's house, who to-day begins to learn French, with great facility. In all affairs for the King and realm cease not to further such as are most necessary, godly and honorable for his Grace, "whereunto he himself is most godly bent, I am sure. The disposition of colleges, chantries, etc., is now in hand; and ye know, I doubt not, the great lack in this realm of schools, preachers, houses and livings for impotent, orphans, widows, poor and miserable; and what lack there shall be, utterly intolerable, if there be not a sufficient number of ministers priests established in parishes of great circuit and of great number. And howsoever the world be set, let them have living honestly, that beggary drive [them not to] flattery, superstition and old idolatry. This I speak to you, not distrusting of the King's Majesty's goodness in this behalf, but, because there is such a number of importune wolves that be able to devour colleges, chantries, cathedral churches, universities and your lands, and a thousand times as much. But, for Christ's Passion, help once to stay 'improperations.' Our posterity will wonder at us. The realm will come into foul ignorance and barbarousness when the reward of learning is gone. Haec tibi quia eo in loco sis ut aliquam harum rerum curationem tuo officio adferre possis. Et ait D. Jacobus 'scienti bonum et non facienti peccatum est illi.' Vale! Hatfildie, 12^o Octob.
	"Feliciter valet Princeps et te salutat. Ric. Cox."
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.: 1546.
R. O.	2. Modern copy of the above.
	Pp. 2.
12 Oct.	261. Charles V. to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., XI. 328.	Henry's ambassador here resident will have kept him informed of the success of the Emperor's expedition; whose army continues its march in the lands of those who adhere to the enemies and rebels of himself and the Holy Empire, as will be related by his ambassador, for whom he begs credence. Camp near Tonnewert, 12 Oct. 1546. Signed. Countersigned: Bave.
	French. Broadsheet, p. 1. Add. Endd.
12 Oct.	262. Charles V. to Van der Delft.
Spanish Calendar, viii., No. 336.	Has received his letters of the 13th ult. and also noted the contents to Granvelle. As to the desire of the King and Council for news, the Emperor's letter of the 14th ult. would give it up to that date, and he has also trusted to the English ambassador's writing, whose letters have sometimes been enclosed in the Emperor's despatches to Van der Delft. Encloses copy of a note to the Queen Dowager and Prince of Spain giving a true account of events. If the English ambassador writes otherwise it must be upon information from the French ambassador, as they are nearly always together; but this is not to be mentioned, as their familiarity is believed to be due only to the persistence of the French ambassador. Writes a letter of credence to assure the King of the truth of the account. Upon opportunity Van der Delft may say that, hearing of attempts to persuade the King that the Emperor has made an agreement with the Pope to his disadvantage, the Emperor asserts, on his honour, that this is untrue, and that, on the contrary, the Emperor has repulsed any such suggestion. Approves Van der Delft's answer with regard to the alleged secret treaty with France. It would not be honest or natural to the Emperor to use such a coin, and he does not choose further to discuss this point. Enough that the King has always found him a true friend and can judge of the honesty of such as pretend to divulge things which passed in secrecy. With regard to the Scots, writes again to the Queen his sister. Camp near Donauwerth, 12 Oct. 1546.
13 Oct.	263. Attainted Lands.
R. O.	Receipt, 13 Oct. 38 Hen. VIII., by Sir William Parre, lord Parr of Horton and lord Chamberlain to the Queen, of 6l. st. from Mr. Hall of Huntingdon for the whole year's fee of the attainted lands in Lincolnshire due at Michaelmas last. Signed: W. P.' Horton. Sealed.
	Memorandum, subscribed in another hand, that the above is paid to Wm. Thong, of Huntingdon, to Lord Parr's use, 19 Nov. anno supradicto. Signed with a mark.
	P. 1.
13 Oct.	264. Paget to Mr. Jeskyn.
R. O.	Begs him to pay the bearer, Poyvn Sybrant, his quarterly fee due at Michaelmas last. Windesor, 13 Oct. 1546. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: one of the tellers of the King's Majesty's Exchequer, at Westminster.
13 Oct.	265. Harry Dygby to Mr. Hanby.
R. O.	Begs furtherance with Mr. Chancellor for the steward's fee for Kirkby Bellers. His lease, lately enrolled, of the rectory of Bukmynster and Sewystern, Leic., reserves the rent of 11l. 3s. 4d., which he now sends to Mr. Receiver. Will pay the 16s. 8d. yearly due to the bp. and church of Lincoln, trusting to get Mr Receiver's discharge towards them for the two years past in which he received it. Bukmynster, 13 Oct.
	P.S.—Mr. Receiver and Mr. Burgoyn moved him to take all the town of Bukmynster and Sewystern in farm, but he was deterred by its ruinous state. Desires to have it if Mr. Chancellor will make him allowance for repairs which will cost over 40l.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: one of the King's auditors of the Court of Augmentations.
14 Oct.	266. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A. P. C., 542.	Meeting at Windsor, 14 Oct. Present: Privy Seal, Lord Chamberlain, Browne, Gage, Paget, Wingfield. Business:—Warrant to treasurer of Augmentations to pay Sir John Horsey 12l. 15s. l0d. for conduct of mariners from the West to Portsmouth at the King's last being there, 2 Oct. To treasurer of the Chamber to pay Thos. Chaloner 40s., given in reward to a servant of Rogers, surveyor of Boulogne, for bringing a "platte." Letter to the mayor of Pole and Sir Thomas Trenchard that, whereas John Gravesend stood bound to them for payment of certain money to divers mariners, as their portion of the prize which he brought into Pole Haven, and also stood bound to answer all claims to the goods within twelve months, the first bond should be changed for one to pay the mariners at the year's end. "12 N." Passport for Vincent ———, gentleman of Italy. Letter granted at the mayor of London's suit, 22 July last, for transport beyond sea of certain spoilt grain, was this day surrendered in lieu of licence to pass it free of custom. Letter to the earl of Bath that, understanding what travail he had taken for restitution to William van Tonger and Deryk van der Hoven of wines taken by Mighell James, captain of the Mary Figge, and the contemptuous behaviour of persons named in a schedule herewith, the King's pleasure was that those mentioned in the schedule and others who had any part of the goods should be warned again, and such as disregarded his orders committed to ward and their names certified hither.
	To mayor of Plymouth, &c., to see restitution made to bearer, deputy for the said William and Deryk, of such wines as John Elyott, William Hawykns, ——— Crowner and other owners of the Mary Figge had. To Deputy and Council of Boulogne to find places (specified) if possible for bearers, John Thurlyne, John Bruges and Edward Cowper, who served in the late wars, the two former as standard bearers and Cowper, "with his two horsemen, under the Cavaliere." To Deputy of Calais, Sir John Wallop and Sir Edw. Wotton to find a place at 6 cr. monthly for bearer, John Gasquet, who had done the King service and desired to be removed from Boulogne for fear of the Frenchmen his countrymen. Warrant to treasurer of Augmentations to pay bearer, William Haddokkc, 40l. in recompense of his "demands and petitions." Letter to Deputy and Council of Boulogne that the King sends bearer, Mr. Doctor Marten, late physician to the Duke of Suffolk, to reside there to cure the diseased and have a yearly stipend of 50l.
14 Oct.	267. Charles V. to Prince Philip.
Spanish Calendar, viii., No. 337.	The Queen of Hungary is negociating with the Scots touching Spanish and Flemish ships and merchandise captured by them. Encloses copy of her letter, to which he has replied point by point, and ordered that no treaty is to be made with the Scots which does not include all the Emperor's dominions. Spanish vessels must be protected meanwhile. Camp, 14 Oct. 1546.
15 Oct.	268. John Dymocke to Paget.
R. O.	On the 15th inst. The lords of this town received letters out of the Lantgrave's camp beside Donawert, written 3 Oct. by the borow- master, Diricke Vassemer, who is there for the Diet of the Protestants at Holme. The news is that, on 28 Sept., Duke William of Vasten- borch came to the Lansgrave's camp with 24 ensigns of footmen, making now 215 ensigns of footmen and 8,000 horsemen, including 15 princes, 122 earls and 5,000 gentlemen. They have good store of victuals and can get for one "batshe" what costs the Emperor's men two. Also they have few sick; and have hitherto been paid fortnightly. The Corevoste and Lanshegrave have new mustered their men and sworn them for three months longer; and they lie along the Donaw within half a league of the Emperor's army, with which they have daily skirmishes; but the Emperor will come to no battle, reckoning to weary them and reduce them to poverty. He is deceived, for they lack neither money nor good hearts to defend their fathers' land, whereas the Emperor has in his camp five or six nations, and the Spaniards and Italians fall out with the Dutchmen and kill one another, as Fulk van der Lude has written hither out of the Emperor's camp. The said Fulk did serve the King. The Emperor will pay cuirassiers no more than common horsemen, viz. 6 fl., so that most of the Cowntie Bures' men would fain be gone. Neither army has done anything worth writing since the Lansgrave shot into the Emperor's camp before Ingelstat, where the Emperor sustained much hurt and was in great danger. The Emperor's camp lies along the Donawe beside Nawenborch, a town which they took by composition from 1,000 of the Lansgrave's footmen, divers of whom, nevertheless, were killed and pilfered. The Emperor has 50,000 footmen and 10,000 horsemen, "and his troop of whores and ruffians is in a manner reckoned to be as much in number," and there is but one passage for his victuals. Both armies lie upon one side, but the Lantgrave has upon the other side of the Donawe the earl Crystoffer of Oldenborch with two other earls, 2,000 horsemen and 16,000 footmen. The Emperor gave Duke Hendrick of Bayer's land and part of Duke William's land to sack because certain victuals were carried into the Lanshegrave's camp; "but so ungodlye as thosse Spanyards and Itallyans dosse handell with woemen mayeadens hyt is abomynabell for to here hyt. I ame aschamed for to writte hyt as the lords have hyt here in theyr letter,—hyt passes Sodome and Gomora. But God dosse vyssette them for hyt, for th'Emperour has bothe the pestilence and the blode flycks in his campe, so that they begyn to dye with 80 men a daye. Also where so ever that anye Spanyarde or Ittalyan ys taken be Lanshgrav[e] they paye no more but theyr skynne for theyr ransome, and so do they usse the Lanshegrave's men when they do take them." The Emperor would have changed his "leager," but the Lanshgrave prevented it, and himself took the place to which the Emperor would have gone. All victories hitherto have been to the Protestants, whatever may have been reported; for the writer of this is a borowmaster and has been in the camp and is lodged at Holme in the same inn as the King's ambassador. If he had been here I should have ended my corn matter, whereas now I must make a protest and let the King stay Breamers's goods in England for the amount. I depart hence on the 20th inst., for yesternight I received a letter from Mr. Damesell showing that he has the Regent's discharge for my return into Flanders.
	Sends herewith a book of an answer made by the Corvoste and Lanshegrave to the Emperor, who had made proclamation against them "as thowech they hade byn vallen in the indemnyte of the ackte Imperyall." In it they declare themselves and open marvellous things against the Emperor, whom they calle "Charles the 5th which name hym selfe Emperowr." Would fain have had one in Latin, so that the King might see how the Emperor has gone about with these noblemen. There shall shortly another book come forth, which will declare more.
	The Corvoste and Lanshegrave make musters in their countries of the third man, for what cause is not known.
	Thanks for help. Knows that his wife has put Paget to much trouble Breame, 15 Oct. 1546.
	Hol., pp. 5. Add. Endd.
15 Oct.	269. Edmond Harvel to Paget.
R. O.	Bearer, John Kele, "a very honest, courteous and discreet young man," will inform you of the proceedings of Ludovico de Larmy, which the King should know. Pray keep such things secret; for all that I have written of him has been disclosed to him and has moved him "against me extremely." John Kele, intending to return to his native country, went to Plaisance to take leave of his master, Count Ludovico Rangon, and was by the Count brought to speech of the Duke of Plaisance upon matters of importance, as he will report. Begs favour for him. Venice, 15 Oct. 1546.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
15 Oct.	270. Venice.
Venetian Calendar, v., No. 410.	Motion passed by the Council of Ten, 14 Oct., to communicate to the Senate the statement made yesterday by the English Secretary and the noblemen Venier who accompanied him.
Ib. No. 411.	2. Motion passed by the Senate, 15 Oct., to accept the writings presented by the English Secretary on behalf of the Protestant Princes, and promise answer.
16 Oct.	271. The King's Payments.
	Commission to the Privy Council. See Grants in October, No. 43.
16 Oct.	272. Audit at Bridgenorth.
R. O.	Proclamation by John Hanby, one of the auditors of the Court of Augmentations, that in pursuance of the Act of 33 Hen. VIII (that every auditor of the six courts should make proclamation yearly for the audit to be kept). The audit of all revenues arising from suppressed monasteries, &c., in Salop, in whatever county these possessions lie, is to be held at Bridgenorth (fn. n4), for 5 days commencing 5 Nov. next. All receivers, bailiffs, reves, collectors, &c., to appear personally or by sufficient deputy. London, 20 Aug. 38 Hen. VIII. Signed: John Hanby auditor.
	The above proclamation was made at Drayton on Michaelmas Day, at Chester, 4 Oct., at Salop, 6 Oct., at Bridgenorth, 9 Oct, at Newport 16 "of this present October."
	Pp. 2.
16 Oct.	273. Wriothesley to Paget.
R. O. St. P., I. 882.	Understanding by Mr. Myldemaye that the King means to have all farms, offices and grants within the compass of the new court pass under that seal only, whereby the estimation of the Court of Chancery and Great Seal will greatly decay, great confusion ensue and many honest men be undone, sends these bearers, Mr. Hales and Mr. Croke, to explain the thing; and begs Paget to move the King to preserve the course of his most ancient court and seal, which since the Conquest has been ever specially preserved. Will have cause for sorrow if his suit fails. Ely Place, 16 Oct.
	Hol, p. 1. Add. Endd.: 1546.
16 Oct.	274. Veere.
R. O.	Certificate of the burgomaster and officers of Campfer that the bearer, John Bruyn, is a burgess of their city and subject of the Emperor. The preamble states that, as merchants are endangered by the tumults and wars with which Christendom is vexed, they do not wish their subjects to suffer from want of testimony. Campfer, 16 Oct. 1546. Seal almost gone.
	Lat. Parchment.
16 Oct.	275. Juan de Vega to Charles V.
Spanish Calendar, viii., No. 338.	* * *
	Is told that the King of France has sent word to the Pope that if the Council is transferred to Avignon he will cause the prelates from England and the Lutherans to attend it. Thinks this would not suit the Pope, even if the King could do it.
	Rome, 16 Oct. 1546.
	* * *
17 Oct.	276. Van der Delft to Charles V.
Spanish Calendar, viii., No. 339.	To-day Paget told him in confidence that, in reporting to the King how the bp. of Westminster wrote that Granvelle gave assurance of the Emperor's entire trust in the King's friendship, he had advised giving the Emperor further reason for this confidence; and, consequently, the King wrote to his ambassador to give the Emperor details of the intrigues against him. Paget afterwards pressed for release of the embargoes in Spain, where release of English property is still refused even against security. Claims of the Emperor's subjects here have mostly been favourably dealt with, and those whose cases are still pending would be more hopeful if the embargoes were modified. The King takes this much to heart. Windsor, 17 Oct. 1546.
17 Oct.	277. Patric Liddale to [Secretary Paniter].
R. O. St. P., v. 565.	On 10 Oct. your lordship's letters, dated Edinburgh, 1 Sept., together with my lord Governor's, and the doubles thereof to the Pope and our Protector, I received from Mr. James Vatson, who arrived nono hujus. By the Protector's advice, obtained audience on the 12th, and showed the Pope a statement (enclosed) of the danger of the realm, who sent him with it to the Cardinal of Trane to lay before the next Consistory, on Friday, 15th inst. Got an Italian friend to put the information in order, and delivered a copy to each of the cardinals. Found all inclined to aid the realm, the Dean of the Cardinals, Theatine, Salviate, Bembo, Morow, Sodolite, Cesis, and especially the Dean and Theatine, saying that they knew that England was the more hostile because of religion, and that the Pope failed to give help. In Consistory, "after disputatioun of gret materis, and quhow ye Emperour suld have his Majeste be is vinter in Almaine," the Dean proponed the Lord Governor's business and the Pope gave the letters to Cardinal Sfrodatus (fn. n5) Ardingale to make a full report to next Consistory. The Protector has secretly shown the Pope the small help given by France and the feeble comprehension of Scotland in the peace with England. He puts no doubt but that the Pope will help if the great expenses in Almaine permit; and by his zeal he merits a pension of my lord Governor. Ross expedition is deferred until the abbot of Couper's coming. Bonar, failing to get the bulls of Dunkell sped in favour of the provost of St. Giles, stopped Ross by sinister informations. The Protector marvels that the Lord Governor "tholis" any expeditions to be sent to Salmond and Bonar, as will be understood at more length by Alexander Thealdine (hold his coming secret) who departs within two days. Nothing will be granted to the earl of Angus, because jus est acquisitum nepoti Cardinalis. The Pope said he marvelled that my lord Governor wrote in favour of Angus for Arbroth, having written before for resignation in favour of the Cardinal's "nepot." France has also written in favour of Angus, who, it is said, would never have laboured therein but that Bonar and Salmond wrote to him that nothing was done in that matter. John Baptista de Dati will furnish no more than he receives. He holds 300 cr. for the 600 fr. Furnished by your Lordship's command in Dunkell, and will not furnish as you write without having some landed man in Rome as surety. Master Alexander shall have commission to "dress some way in Dunkell and Ross for the Provost with my lord Governor." Your Lordship must cause my lord Governor to be "mair idand" in his letters and not desist at the first answer. Rome, 17 Oct. 1546.
	Hol., pp. 4. Fly leaf with address lost.
R. O. St. P., v., 565.	2.The information addressed to the Cardinals showing the four years' oppression of Scotland by the English, enemies of Holy Church and of Christ, the zeal of the Governor to punish the murderers of the late Cardinal, and a desire for help from the Pope.
	Lat. Headed: Pro regno Scotise. Endd. by Liddale: This is ye information maid apon my reherss to ye Pape be ane Italiane my singular frend gevin to every Cardinale present in Rome.
R. O. Theiner, 619.	3. i. The formination, as in § 2 above.
	ii. [Patrick Lyddell to the Dean of the Sacred College.] That I may explain more fully the mind of my prince, and what he has committed to me, I add this information, which I beg you to recite to the Pope and Sacred College. By letters of Marcus Grimani, patriarch of Aquileia, dec., of 8 Dec. 1543, the calamities of Scotland were declared to His Holiness, and how the King of England sought, as he still does, not only to oppress the liberty of the realm but to overthrow its old obedience to the Holy See. Grimani and the Governor's envoy shortly afterwards made the same declaration in Consistory, and, although these representations proved fruitless, the Governor continued to defend the realm and religion. That the present letters may not again be held unimportant, he earnestly requires aid of His Holiness, by the benevolence promised to Scotland; and would remind the Holy See that since the year 203 (263 in Theiner) when the Scots embraced Christianity they have remained free from heresy and devoted to the Holy See, never asking aid of any Vicar of God. True, in the year 1220 (sic) the Holy See aided John King of England both with money and the spiritual arm against Alexander King of Scotland, and that King, following the common law of repelling force by force, defended himself and was denounced by the Legate Suualus (Gualo), who for the absolution of the King and release of the realm from interdict took no small sum of money. I omit the cause of this interdict as it is a long story, although perhaps worthy to be known. He (the Governor) asks also that the indulgence granted to the Scottish kings by Innocent VIII. and Leo X., and confirmed by His Holiness, may be inviolate, and that provisions to vacant benefices may be expedited only upon his letters. To these things I humbly ask for the answer of His Holiness and the Sacred College.
	Latin. Modern transcript from Rome, pp. 5.
17 Oct.	278. Patrick Liddell to John Danielstoun.
R. O.	Your writings, given at Edinburgh, 2 Sept., I received, with the four napkins, for which I thank you "gretumlie." I write presently to my Lord what I have done towards "ye supple" and other business, as you will see. I trust to do my lord Governor good service, and have "dressit" that nothing shall be done here without his consent, and the end of the troubles in Dunkell and Ross will be referred to him. The Pope and College begin to ken his Grace; and would God you or some honest man had heard the interrogations made by the Cardinals of his Grace, and their commendations when they heard of "his travell and exponyng of his person and sonnis for ye liberte of ye realme and ye weilfair of ye Kyrk." To those with whom I am most acquainted I showed the copy "of ye Pape's letters, quhilkes ar mekill commendit and estimeit, and estimeit singular letters"; and they agreed that this See ought to aid the realm. I set forth the calamities of the realm and my lord Governor's labours, by my own "ingyne" and by counsel of friends, and against next Consistory will "ampill ye samyn." My lord Governor is no less indebted to the Cardinal of Carpe in defending his honour and getting "yir cumaris in ye benefice of Dunkell and Ros" referred to him, than to his own father; and cannot with honour neglect giving Carpi the pension which other protectors have had. I showed James Vatson that he would obtain nothing here, quod jus erat acquisitum nepoti Cardinalis; and if my lord of Angus had known the state of the matter he would never have laboured therein or caused my lord Governor to write to the Pope. "The composition of y^t benefice wes past in July to ye Datory, and ye Cardinale of Carpe lent ye money; bot yis o^r contrey men knew no^t . Nane knew it excep I and M. Alex. Thealdine." Towards Bonar and Salmond the Protector bids me supersede until I get letters against them, and he would have my lord Governor make proclamation that no expeditions or writings be sent to them. Lately his lordship said to Salmond "y^t y^r wes ij gret smakis in Rome quhilkes man be scharplie handlit." Mr. George Scott's matter shall have my help, but he must "send to stuf ye pley." The gentleman to whom he entrusted it labours extremely, and could do more were he not "waik in furnesing." Your faculty a quocumque shall go by next post. "Salmond hes impete at Sir Johnne Morisounes benefice of Glasgw. Sen ze have laborit to put ye realme out of cumar of yir twa gret smakis, end it y^t ze have begownn. Laitlie to ye Cardinal Sfrodrato, to quhome M. Alex^r Gordons mater is committit, yai have said quod processus ille erat maliciose deduct. et instruct. Gubernatoris, and y^t his Gracis fader slew ye erle of Lennox." Remind my lord of "all besines and furnesing of his awin mater," and that Jo. Baptista de Dati will not furnish a denier more than he receives, nor any here furnish aught without having a landed man or one having office here as "cautionar." Dati holds 300 cr. Fro 600 fr. made in Dunkell. Bonar and Salmond having the Governor's letters for expedition of sundry abbacies, etc., my lord Cardinal commanded me to write to my lord Governor to do as above before accusing them. Again desires that the Protector's services may be commended to my Lord Governor. Writes this by Flanders. Alexander Thealdine goes within two days in post, by whom the Protector (and, I trust, the Pope) writes to "my lord Governor and my Lord. (fn. n6) "The Protector desires Thealdine's coming to be "haldin quoyt," and therefore show it to none except my lord Governor and elect of St. Androis, to whom pray make my humble commendation. Show my brother the effect of these letters, and commend me to him and the provosts of Methven and Lenclueden, excusing my "unvriting to them." With great "pyne" I got leisure to write this. Rome, 17 Oct., 1546.
	P.S.—Remember my "far being fra kynsmen," and great labours and expenses. "Convoy yir letters secreitlie, y^t na man knaw, to M. James Betone, as ze will do me ane singular pleso^r, for yis I have in command of ye Protectour."
	Hol., pp. 4. Add.: "To the Ry^t Wurschipfull Maister Johnne Danielstone, archidene of Dunblane, and person of Disart, his traist frend, in Scotland."
17 Oct.	279. Vilzem Walcar to James Betoun.
R. O. St. P., v., 569.	Has been the cause, under God, of obtaining his Lordship's expedition of Arbrothcht, as all Scotsmen in Rome can show. Mr. Alexander Thealdein trowing that the brief I sent you "of" Perusa should not come to your hands, for fault of caution in Paris, has bound himself and his benefice to speed the bulls within six months, and has gotten another brief with which he departs towards you within two days. Speed your finance hither for the bulls. My lord of Angus was ill informed by Scotsmen in Rome that nothing was done, and wrote to the King of France to favour him against your lordship. Thereupon the King's ambassadors and the cardinals who favour France did their best, but the Pope answered that it was sped for you, and he would not break justice. If I had brought finance I had been in Scotland with the bulls thirty days "sen sine." Begs him to favour Thealdein. Has obtained the Pope's own signature dispensing with the habit, and will send it as soon as he can get it from the officers. Warns Betoun, however, not to take possession without taking the habit, unless with the Governor's licence in writing. Rome, 17 Oct. 1546.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: R^do d'no Jacobo Betoun, monasterii de Aberbrothok perpetuo commendatario.
18 Oct.	280. Selve to Francis I.
Corresp., No. 44.	Receiving the despatch of the 5th, went to Windsor to communicate the news without leaving anything in writing. The Emperor's ambassador sojourns at Court more assiduously than ever, since the King's journey to Windsor. Mentioned the fact, and the King replied that he did not see the ambassador and wondered why he staid there; perhaps it was to make a show and create impressions, or else to discover affairs and learn news. The King said that a herald (fn. n7) whom he sent to Germany had just returned with almost the same news as Selve had given, and had seen both camps; that of the Protestants was daily reinforced, and Strozy was there with 200,000 cr. Which Francis owed him and had paid in order that he might carry it thither. Selve replied that he knew nothing of that, and if Strozy was there with his money he might do as he liked, being a foreigner and a man of war. The King said that the Emperor lacked victuals and was avoiding battle, whereas the Germans were well supplied and trying to force a fight. London, Monday night, 18 Oct. 1546.
	Fr.
18 Oct.	281. Selve to the Admiral.
Corresp., No. 45.	Received the Admiral's despatch of the 3rd and wrote on the 12th. Before executing the order as to couriers, thinks it well to certify that soon after the Admiral's departure he asked the Council here that their master of the posts might forward his King's packets within their dominions, and Francis would give like order for forwarding their King's packets in France. They approved this plan and promised to let him know their King's decision; but have never done so. Made one trial, asking the Chancellor to forward an unimportant despatch, but he alleged that his King had not yet arranged for it. It seems to have always been customary to carry packets between this and Boulogne, and Selve thinks that the English will make little diligence in forwarding packets unless there is one from their King, in which case they will see that the latter arrives first; also, if accustomed to carry the French packets, they may conceive suspicion when an express courier is sent. Here is nothing new, except that the Count Ringrave, brother of the Captain Ringrave who served France in the last war, has been visiting this King, and returned from Court last night on his way to his own country. Will try to learn the cause of his journey. It is said that Duke Philip of Bavaria, who is still in this town, has had his whole property confiscated by the Emperor. In this audience Selve claimed execution of the promise made to the Baron de la Garde that St. Blancard should be released on giving surety to pay ransom, or surrender if judged prisoner by the deputies of both Princes. The reply was to allege a bond for 7,000 cr. by St. Blancard to Captain Paston who detains him prisoner, made upon an oral engagement prior to the promise to the Baron de la Garde. Selve said warmly that such an engagement could only have been extorted by force; but could get no other answer than a reference to the Council. Sends an attestation signed by three witnesses that the bond now exhibited by Paston is of much later date than the promise to the Baron de la Garde. London, Monday night, 18 Oct.
	Fr.
18 Oct.	282. DR. Richard Cox to Paget.
R. O.	Thanks for your counsel touching my bodily health. You are become a good physician. Thanks, too, for your friendly monition. "I trust the Prince's Grace will content his father's expectation hereafter. We suffered him hitherto suo more puerascere." As for those things I wrote to you seriously, you and I and every good man ought to mind them; for if not God will forget you. One thing I left out, "which is, when poor men offenders be put to death they have no counsel, no comfort; they die miserably oftentimes and desperately. Alas! their souls be bought with the same price as ours are. A lamentable thing in the Church of Christ! Some chantries to be bestowed upon the poor gaols, to comfort the prisoners, to teach them penance, to teach them to take death as they ought to do." The "wolves" are so greedy that unless the King stand strongly against it "like a hardy and a godly lion," hardly anything will be well bestowed. "But, among all, improperations! Improperations!" I cannot redress them. I have spoken, preached; but a violent water the more it is stopped the more it breaketh out. "Our forefathers who bestowed so plentifully upon their parsons and curates thought little that the greediness of a few should devour their godly liberality, contrary to their godly intent and meaning. Their meaning was to have a learned, an honest and a [godly] curate to give them ensample of life, to minister fruitfully the holy sacraments to them, to preach and teach among them, speedily to make atonement between brawling of neighbours, to keep good hospitality among the parishioners, to aid and succour the poor as necessity did rise among the parishioners; which thing if it were not done, then by supreme authority the parsons to be forced to their duty doing, and not the thing to be taken away, whereby no man can be able to do his duty. Unreasonable leases do much bar this godly function of parson[s] and curates, whereby they be kept out of their parsonages; but improperations do destroy all for ever. Woe be to the beginner! Woe be to the continuers! Woe be to the aiders and abettors! I am sorry with my heart when I remember that ye be linked in among them, though it be but in one benefice. I can never believe that such manner of hunting for things shall prosper. It will ever be true De bonis male acquisitis vix gaudebit tertius heres. When such men be assaulted with sickness, as I was lately, vermis conscientiœ will nip them intolerably. I have granted to one; if [it we]re to d[o] again, knowing the mischief ensuing thereof, ne ipse Pagetus extorqueret unquam a me. There is nothing that nipped my conscience more this xx years. Quare pro authoritate qua fungeris, pro ingenio quo polles, pro pietate quam habes, pro officio in Deum, Regent et Patriam siste tandem impias illas improperationes." I hear the King has given you more things. Thank God for them, et cupiditati tuœ pone modum. I will not trouble you too much at once, but have something else in my budget; and I write freely, taking you as myself, "because I would ye should use well tempus incolatus tui, precipue et ante omnia ad gloriam Dei. Optime vale, mi Gulielme, in Christo, mihi longe charissime. From Hatfilde, xviij Octob. Hartyly your owne, Ric. Cox.
	P.S.—Use this messenger according to his deserts.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add.
R. O.	2. Modern copy of the above.
	Pp. 3.
18 Oct.	283. The Glaziers' Company.
R. O.	Depositions of William Horneby (aged 60), William Tomson (47) and Conradus Richardson (45), glaziers, the first dwelling "in the hospital of the Holy Trinity in Sowthwark late called St. Thomas Spytell," the second in the Olde Bayly, and the third in the parish of St. Bennet Fynke, to a set of six interrogatories. All three agree that when the Company of Glaziers harnessed men for the King's wars "the same Galyon" refused to contribute, that he refused to attend meetings of the Company, that "all the persons named in this interrogatory" made like refusal and held privy meetings among themselves (two of them, Peter Nicholson and Godfrey Trice, have confessed as much), that young men refuse to become apprentices to the glaziers, freemen, "saying that the strangers have as much liberty as they," and that divers of them have declined to be made freemen.
	Pp. 5. Headed: "Ex. Xviij Octobris a^o xxxviij^o.—Examinatio testium product. per vitreatores civitatis London, versus vitreatores suburbanos."
18 Oct.	284. M. G. Keir to M. Alexander, Postulat of Cat[tenes].
R. O. St. P., v., 570.	The Pope, who was in Italy, did not come home until 6 Oct., ten days after Keir's arrival at Rome, who then got his cause committed to a Cardinal to "vesye"; and at next Consistory, on the 20th hujus, he expects a sentence pro arbitrio. The Scottish governors of Rome say that the Governor's letters shall be produced against him, but he fears it not. That false Salmond and his complices, after undertaking to help, told the Cardinal Visitor of Processes that it was produced of malice by the Governor's command, whose father slew Robert Stewart's father. It is for the Lords of Scotland to advise if this be honest report for such loons (fn. n8) to make of their Prince. The motive is that they are poor and wish to have pleas always depending, and they have impeded all expeditions in the past. Get my lord Governor and my lord Secretary, who can tell you the demerits of these liars, to provide remedy. They almost led me on the ice but, praise God, I got knowledge of their treason within three hours after they interponed it. I have written more fully by Franss. Send me yet another supplication of my lord Governor in your Lordship's favour, narrating the submission of Robert Stewart and decree against him in the sharpest form. It may not be needed, but it is well to be armed. When I wrote in favour of Salmond I knew not that "smaike's" falsehood. Salmond and his complices are evidently fortified by Mr John Thornetoun, for they raised no controversy until Thornetoun "wrote here of your Lordship's coming to Rome." Send money to expedite the bulls. The very provision of them will cost about 800 cr. There is no doubt of success if my lord Governor "stand guid to zour Lordship." Get a writing of my lord Governor's and one of the Secretary's to Mr. Patrick Liddell to commend your cause to the Pope and Cardinals. There is no news, but the Emperor and the Almains are in their camps within three miles apart, and no skaith done; and it is said they shall part so. Rome, 18 Oct.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.
18 Oct.	285. Pole to Cardinals de Monte and Cerveni.
Poli Epp. iv. 201.	Dr. Moriglia has delivered to me your letter of the 14th and reported how courteously you have received my message through him about the decree of Justification. Is much the same as to health; the pain in his arm has never quite left him. When he had done with purging and dosing himself, though still unwell, reported his condition to the Camerlengo and awaits the orders of his Holiness. Thanks them for news of Germany and of Farnese. Padua, 18 Oct. 1546.
	Italian.
19 Oct.	286. Selve to the Baron de la Garde.
Corresp., No. 46.	Received, very late the night before, the King's despatch and that of the Baro dated the 16th. Thanks for intervening in his affair; and regrets that letters to the Baron from himself and Captain Pierre will be delayed, as they are enclosed in the packet to the Admiral. Bearer will report the change in the affairs of the Baron de St. Blancard. London, 19 Oct., 1546.
	Fr.
19 Oct.	287. Surrey to [Paget?]
R. O.	"I have viewed the clocher and dorter of Christ Church in Norwich, which is in all things, as I informed you, unserviceable to their church saving for a memory of the old superstition, and will extend to discharge me out of the misery of debt; and if it were his most excellent Ma. Pleasure to give it me, I will faithfully promise never to trouble his Ma. with any suit of profit to myself hereafter, and spend that and the rest in his Ma. service with the old zeal that I have served with always." Expects success in this suit, having "such a hearty meane," and the thing itself being such that the King shall forbear nothing. Kenyngale, 19 Oct. 1546.
	Hol., p. 1. Fly leaf with address lost.
19 Oct.	288. Hertford to Paget.
R. O.	Bearer, Matthew Coltherst, one of the King's auditors, who, as I am informed by Mr. Chancellor of the Augmentations and others, served well in that room, being now by the King's resolution, with others, displaced, I beg you (if the resolution be so) to move the King to grant him the office of surveyor in the parts where he was auditor; and the rather for his service at the siege of Bulloigne, when he was treasurer of the Ordnance under my brother, Sir Thomas Seymour, and saved the King l,000l. by good policy in the payment of the "lymyners and wageners strangiers." Hertford Place in London, 19 Oct. 1546. Signed.
	P 1. Add. Endd.
19 Oct.	289. Paget to Wotton.
R. O. St. P., xi. 329.	The King has seen Wotton's letters both to himself and Paget. As to any one coming to the French ambassador with information of his master's mind touching commissioners to join the King's, the said ambassador has been since with the King without mentioning it, but only the business of St. Blankert. Before the King sent to St. Blankert's taker (fn. n9) to let him home upon sureties in London, and, ere ever Polyn came hither, he had fallen to an agreement for his ransom at 7,000 cr.; which the ambassador has now taught the Baron to say he made for fear of ill handling. They will soon say that a man who yields himself prisoner in the field is not bound thereby because he does it for fear of death.
	As to his letters to Paget in cipher, begs him to thank Mons. Longue. vale for his good opinion and say that the manner of breaking this overture indicates a practice to recover Bullen before the day appointed by the treaty, and it is not convenient that Paget, who was a minister to make the treaty yesterday should be a minister to-morrow to alter it, nor will the King like the motion, "it" being the key wherewith he keeps locked the door of his good brother's friendship; for we know that the French King has already made means to enter in League with the Protestants, who will not agree thereto unless he forsake the Bishop of Rome, and to come to the point now, as if to please us, and expect some reciproke from us, is a proceeding which Paget cannot like; and a meeting between the Princes before the matters in question are concluded might only breed less friendship. "If Mons^r Longuevale think it good that means be made to take away jealousies, we have a debt owing us, we have a pension viager due to us and a perpetual pension due to the posterity, and claims and titles are not clearly out of the book, and these be matters to work upon in my fantasy; and these be the same that Laplanche and I devised on at Calais, wherein, and all other things that I may honestly and with discharge of my duty towards my master and country, I will be glad to put to my hand to the best of my power, for the continuance of the amity between both the Majesties."
	Here are no news worth writing, but we always look for some from you; and the oftener you write the better you will please the King. Wyndesour, 19 Oct. 1546.
	Draft in Paget's hand, pp. 4. Endd.: M. to Mr. Wotton in France from Mr. Paget, secr., xix^o Octobr. 1546.
19 Oct.	290. Carne to Paget.
R. O.	Since my last letter, sent by Somerset the herald, no post has come from the Emperor's camp. The last that the Lady Regent had from thence was of the 20th ult., as the President showed me. On the 12th inst., learning from the postmaster that the said herald came from Strosburge, she sent to ask me if he brought any certainty from the camps in Germany. I answered that Somerset had heard at Strosburge that both camps were about Norlyngen, the Emperor's on a hill and the Landsgrave's in a vale, within sight of each other, that "both camps were whole" and that the Emperor had recovered the towns of Rayn and Nuburge. Yesterday a post from Spyres reported that the Emperor's camp lay only 18 Dutch miles beyond Spyres, and the Landgrave within half a Dutch mile of him, and there were daily skirmishes. But the way betwixt the camp and Spyres was so dangerous that the Emperor could send nothing hither. Lovayn, 19 Oct. 1546. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
20 Oct.	291. Lord Grey to the Council.
R. O.	In the account of Mr. Mylward 80l. is owing to the King by one Balthasar, a Flemish merchant here, who claims against it for wines taken up by Wm. Elyot, then clerk of the Market, 38l. 11s. 8d., for which "the said Elyot is answerable and sufficient," and for "moryens and harquebusses" delivered by Lord Poynynges' command to Henry Dudley's band, when sent for by my lord Admiral, 31l., and for "stuff for wyld fyer" delivered to an Italian, by Lord Poynynges' command, 9l. 6s. 8d. Would know their lordship's resolution therein. Bulloigne, 20 Oct. 1546. Signed.
	P.S.—Albeit bearer has been diligent in Mr. Mylward's account, no more can be done for the discharge thereof "until the payment shall be made for those months."
	P. 1. Endd.: The Lord Gray to the Counsaill.