Aldermen in Parliament

ALDERMEN OF LONDON IN PARLIAMENT.

Until the Stuart period, and indeed until the Restoration, Aldermen of London were comparatively rarely found in Parliament except as representatives of the City. On the other hand it has been, from the earliest period to the present day, still more rare for the City not to number amongst its representatives one or more of the existing Aldermen. I have, therefore, in the following pages given first (A) a list of the Parliamentary representatives of the City of London from the earliest date obtainable, followed by (B) memoranda as to Aldermen representing other constituencies.

A. Members Of Parliament For the City of London. 1283–1905.

The following is certainly the completest and most accurate list of the Parliamentary representatives of the City of London which has appeared in print, and I doubt if it is now possible to supply with certainty from any extant source the lacunæ which I have found myself unable to fill.

The names recorded in the Blue Books ("Return of Members of Parliament") published in 1878 and 1879 were considerably supplemented by Dr. Sharpe in his Appendix B to "London and the Kingdom" (vol. iii. pp. 467–491), a most valuable work which should be in the hands of everyone who takes interest in the history of the metropolis, and of its connexion with and influence upon the general political history of the nation. Dr. Sharpe's list, however, though more complete than any that had preceded it, leaves room for additions and corrections, and he does not record the votes polled at contested elections, or the names of unsuccessful candidates (many of whom were Aldermen), or the political opinions of those elected or defeated: these I am enabled to supply in a great measure from contemporary newspapers and other records, from the Revolution to the present time.

The following extract from "London and the Kingdom" gives details as to the occasional variations in the number of members elected:

"The number of representatives of the City in Parliament has varied from time to time . . . . The more usual number as gathered from the City's archives was either two or four, although there have been occasions (as in the Parliament of 1284" [this should be 1283] "and more especially during the Commonwealth) when it amounted to six and (as in Barebone's Parliament) even to seven. Frequently it happened that when the writ prescribed the election of two members, four or more were elected, although not more than two, or perhaps three, were to attend. It is in 1346 that we meet for the first time with a writ commanding the election of four members. In the following year a writ was issued for the election of the old number (two), but this was apparently a mistake, for another writ was soon afterwards issued stating that the number should be four. The City, however, displayed great apathy in the matter—the attendance in Parliament interfered no doubt with the commercial pursuits of the members—and although four were elected, it was distinctly provided that three (or even two) might attend. On the other hand, when the City was called upon to elect two members for the Parliament of 1348 it returned four. From 1351 to 1354 the writs prescribed only two members, and the City returned only two; but from 1355 down to the passing of the Redistribution of Seats Act in 1885 . . . . the City of London was, if we except the Parliament of 1371, never represented in the council of the nation by less than four members."

Dr. Sharpe goes on to say that, "so long as the City was represented by two members, both were usually Aldermen," adding in a footnote that "an exception appears to have been made in 1352, when a Commoner was returned with an Alderman." The rule was not so general as Dr. Sharpe implies; it will be seen from the following list that it was not observed in the case of several other Parliaments in addition to that of 1352. Dr. Sharpe has been misled by the fact that most of the Commoners elected were themselves subsequently Aldermen (or, as in the case of Robert de Kelesye, had previously held the office), but were not at the period of election in that position.

Dr. Sharpe is quite correct in adding that "at first when four were returned, two were, as a rule, Aldermen, and two Commoners." From 1355 to 1439 this seems to have been the invariable practice (with the single exception of 1371, when only two members, an Alderman and a Commoner were returned). In 1442 the place of one of the Aldermen was filled by the Recorder, but in the subsequent Parliaments from 1445 to 1460 inclusive two Aldermen were chosen, as well as in those of 1469, 1472, 1478, 1482, January and July, 1483 and 1491. With those exceptions, the representatives from 1463 to 1628 were one Alderman, the Recorder and two Commoners, but in 1489 and 1566 an Alderman was elected in place of the Recorder on a vacancy occurring during the continuance of the Parliament. Two Aldermen sat in 1628, in the short Parliament of 1640, in the long Parliament and in "Barebone's Parliament," in the last of which there were five Commoner representatives. In 1654 one of the six members was an Alderman, the Recorder being another: in 1656 two out of a total of six were Aldermen. In 1659 and 1660 only one Alderman was elected on each occasion. From 1661 to the Reform Act of 1832 the number varied: very frequently all the four members were chosen from the Aldermanic body. To the first Reformed Parliament three Aldermen were returned, but in the following year (1833) two of them were succeeded by Commoners, and from that date till his death in 1843, Sir Matthew Wood was the only Aldermanic representative of the City in Parliament. From 1843 to 1849 there was an interval during which the representation was monopolised by Commoners; from 1849 to 1880 one Alderman was included in the list.

In the Parliament of 1880–1885 (the last in which four were returned) three Members were Aldermen, and since Mr. Gladstone's Reform Act of 1885, which took away two members from the City, (no doubt, because, after a long period of Liberal domination, the Conservative party was now in the ascendant in the constituency), the representation has been evenly divided, one member being an Alderman and one a Commoner, until Sir J. Dimsdale's withdrawal from the Court of Aldermen, retaining his Parliamentary seat, in December, 1902.

With regard to the constituency by which the members were chosen, Dr. Sharpe writes (London and the Kingdom, vol. iii., page 469):

"The Parliamentary elections were originally carried out by the Mayor and Aldermen and a deputation specially summoned from each ward, but the choice of members practically lay with the Mayor and Aldermen. In course of time the Commoners came to be elected by the Common Council. . . . . In 1523 we find an election taking place at the [court of] Husting in the Great Hall. One Alderman and the Recorder were nominated by the Court of Aldermen, and their nomination was subsequently confirmed by the Common Council in the Guildhall; whilst two Commoners were nominated by the Commonalty attending at the Husting. But even the latter nominations appear to have been in this instance confirmed by the Common Council. Six years later (viz. in 1529) . . . . the election took place as before at the [court of] Husting in the Great Hall; the Aldermen were nominated by the Mayor and Aldermen in the Inner Chamber of the Guildhall [i.e., in the Court of Aldermen] and were afterwards ratified and confirmed by a large gathering of the Commonalty in the Great Hall, but the Commoners were elected by the Commonalty without any subsequent ratification by the Common Council.

"At what date the Livery—as distinct from the citizens at large—began to usurp the functions of the Commonalty and claim the exclusive right of electing City members is not clear; but that they did so monopolise the Parliamentary franchise long before it was restricted to them by the Election Act of 1725 there is ample evidence, and they continued to enjoy this monopoly until the passing of the Reform Act of 1832."

Since 1832 the qualifications for the franchise in the City of London have been the same as in other cities and boroughs.

In the following list names of Aldermen are in small capitals: those to whom the mark * is prefixed subsequently became Aldermen, while the mark † denotes those who had already been Aldermen but had retired from that position before the date of election to Parliament. The references to "Palgrave" in the footnotes are to Sir F. Palgrave's "Parliamentary Writs."

The earliest record of the names of the Members for the City of London is found in the Chronicles of Edward I. and II. (Rolls Series No. 76) vol. i., p. 92, in which it is assigned to the year 1284. This should certainly be 1283. The Chronicle, as is clear from other entries throughout, divides the years by the names of the Mayors and Sheriffs, and dates of the earlier events in each year so reckoned often correspond with the preceding year according to the ordinary calendar. The members whose names are here recorded attended the Parliament at Shrewsbury 'on the business of David' (the Welsh prince, Llewelyn's brother) and brought back his head with them to London to be fixed on London Bridge ("perrexerunt ad Salopiam ad parliamentum super negotio David filii Griffini et portabant caput ejus secum Londonias"). This Parliament met September 30, 1283, and David was sentenced and executed October 3 in that year.

1283 (fn. 1)

(Writ dated June 28).

Henry le Waleys, Mayor [Cordwainer]

Gregory de Rokesle [Dowgate]

Philip Cissor (i.e. le Taillour) [Bishopsgate]

Ralph Crepyn [Cornhill]a

Joce le Acatour [Bridge]

John de Gisors [Vintry]

a Generally called "Ralph de Alegate."

1296 (fn. 2)

(Elected October 8).

Stephen Eswy [Cheap]

William de Hereford [Aldgate]

1298 (fn. 3)

(Writ dated April 10).

Walter de Finchingfeld [Cripplegate]

Adam de Foleham [Bridge]

1299 (fn. 4)

(Elected March 25).

William de Leyre [Castle Baynard]

William de Betoyne [Queenhithe]

Adam de Rokesle [Dowgate]

Walter de Finchingfeld [Cripplegate]

1300 (fn. 5)

(Return dated February 28).

Geoffrey de Norton, Recorder [Candlewick]

William de Betoyne [Queenhithe]

[John de Bancker and William de Red (Skinner), appear to have been also nominated in conjunction with the above on February 3, but only the two Aldermen were returned]

1301, 1302.

No return extant.

1305 (fn. 6)

(Return dated March 4).

Walter de Finchingfeld [Cripplegate]

William de Combemartyn [Tower]

1306, 1307 (January).

(Writs dated April 5, and November 3, 1306).

No return extant.

1307, October (fn. 7)

Return dated October 9.

William de Combemartyn [Tower]

Henry de Durham [Bread Street]

1308

(Writ dated January 19).

No return extant.

1309 (fn. 8)

(Return dated April 28).

Henry de Durham [Bread Street]

William Servat [Walbrook]

1311

(Writ dated June 16).

No return extant.

1312 (fn. 9)

Nicholas de Farndone [Ludgate and Neugate]

John de Wengrave, Recorder [Cheap]

*Robert de Kelesye.

[A Parliament was originally summoned to meet at Lincoln, July 23 and on July 1, the three named above were elected with John de Sellyng or David de Cotesbrok. Afterwards the place and date of meeting were changed to London, August 20, and only the three named above were returned, the return being dated August 19; the writ was for two only]

1313, March; 1313, July.

(Writs dated January 28, and May 23).

No returns extant.

1313, September (fn. 10)

(Writ dated July 26).

Nicholas de Farndone [Ludgate and Neugate]

William de Leyre [Castle Baynard]

William Servat [Walbrook]

Stephen de Abyndone [Dowgate]

[The writ was for two only]

1314, April.

No return extant.

1314, September (fn. 11)

(Elected August 12).

John de Gisors [Vintry]

William de Leyre [Castle Baynard]

*Robert de Kelesye.

Richer de Refham, Vintner.

[Three Aldermen and four Commoners were chosen, two from each to be selected. The other Alderman was John de Wengrave (Cheap), and the Commoners, William de Gartone and Matthew de Essex. The four named above "or two of them" were returned. Only the two Aldermen attended the Parliament]

1315 (fn. 12)

(Return dated January 18).

William de Leyre [Castle Baynard]

Henry de Durham [Bread Street]

1316 (fn. 13)

Robert de Kelesye [Billingsgate]

William Trente [Broad Street]

John de la Chambre [Candlewick]

Hamo de Chigwell [Queenhithe]

Matthew de Essex, Apothecary.

*Simon de Abyndon.

*Roger le Palmer.

William de Combemartyn [Tower]

*John de Bureford.

Ralph de Walcote, Draper.

William de Flete, Mercer.

*Simon de Abyndone.

[A writ was issued, October 16, 1315, for the election of "two of the more discreet and laborious citizens" to attend the parliament at Lincoln in January, 1316. The seven first named were elected, apparently in return to this writ, November 19. A further writ, dated December 16, 1315, required "two or three discreet merchants" to attend the parliament at Lincoln, to consider the question of establishing a woolstaple at Calais, and in response to this writ the five last named were chosen]

1318, January.

No return extant.

1318, October (fn. 14)

(Return dated October 16).

John de Cherleton, Mercer. "or two of them."

William de Flete.

*Roger le Palmer.

[The attendance of Cherleton and Palmer is recorded in Letter Book E, fo. 84 b]

1319 (fn. 15)

(Return dated May 7).

William de Leyre [Castle Baynard]

William de Flete.

[These are the names endorsed on the writ, but a commission dated May 7, 1319, nominated Hugh de Waltham (Clerk of the City), W. de Flete, William de Hacford, Michael Mynot and John Waldeshef or three of them; the writ was for two]

1320 (fn. 16)

(Elected September 21).

Nicholas de Farndone [Ludgate and Neugate).

Anketin de Gisors [Aldgate]

Henry Monquoi, Fishmonger.

Roger Hosebonde, Blader.

1321 (fn. 17)

(Writ dated May 15, delivered July 8).

Nicholas de Farndone [Ludgate and Neugate]

Hamo Godchep [Bread Street]

John Sterre, Fishmonger.

Thomas Prentiz, Woolmonger.

[The writ was for two only, the return named the above four, "all, three or two of them." Sterre was one of the Wardens of London Bridge, an office which Prentiz had previously held]

1322, May (fn. 18)

(Commission dated April 18).

Robert de Swalclyve, Recorder [Candlewick]

Reginald de Conduit [Cheap]

William de Hakford, Mercer.

*Gregory de Norton.

[The writ was for two; return named four, "all, three or two of them"]

1322, November (fn. 19)

(Commission dated November 4).

*Walter Crepyn.

Thomas de Chetyngdone.

1324 (fn. 20) (writ dated November 20, 1323).

1325 (fn. 21) (Commission dated Nov. 16, 1325).

Anketin de Gisors [Aldgate]

Henry de Seccheford [Aldersgate]

1327, January (fn. 22)

(Writ dated December 3, 1326).

Anketin de Gisors [Vintry]

Henry de Seccheford [Aldersgate]

Reginald de Conduit [Cheap]

Thomas de Leyre [Cripplegate]

Edmund Cosyn, Vintner.

John Sterre, Fishmonger.

[Six names returned, 'so that two shall always be ready' to serve]

1327, September (fn. 23)

(Writ dated August 7).

Benedict de Folesham [Langbourn]

† Robert de Kelesye.

1328, February (fn. 24)

Richard de Betoyne [Bread Street]

John de Grantham [Cordwainer]

† Robert de Kelesye.

John Priour, Junr.

1328, April (fn. 25)

(Writ dated March 5).

Richard de Betoyne [Bread Street]

†Robert de Kelesye.

1328, July.

(Writ dated June 15).

No return extant.

1328, October (fn. 26)

(Writ dated August 28).

† Stephen de Abyndone.

† Robert de Kelesye.

1330, March (fn. 27)

(Return dated March 8).

† Stephen de Abyndone.

John de Caustone [Lime Street]

1330, November (fn. 28)

John de Grantham [Cordwainer]

Reginald de Conduit [Cheap]

† Stephen de Abyndone.

[Or two of them]

1331, April; 1331, September.

(Writs dated February 18, and July 16).

No return extant.

1332, March (fn. 29)

(Writ dated January 27).

Anketin de Gisors [Vintry]

John de Caustone [Lime Street]

John Priour, Junr.

Thomas de Chetyngdone.

[Three or two of them]

1332, September (fn. 30)

(Writ dated July 20).

Reginald de Conduit [Cheap]

John de Caustone [Lime Street]

Anketin de Gisors [Vintry]

Thomas de Chetyngdone.

[Three or two of them]

1332, December (fn. 31)

(Return dated November 27).

Richard de la Pole [Bishopsgate]

Thomas de Chetyngdone.

Henry de Monquoi.

[Or two of them]

De la Pole's name is omitted in the Blue Book.

1334, February (fn. 32)

(Writ dated January 20).

Reginald de Conduit [Cheap]

John de Caustone [Lime Street]

*Roger de Depeham.

1334, September.

(Writ dated July 24).

No return extant.

1335 (fn. 33)

(Return dated May 18).

Richard de Rothyng [Queenhithe]

Richard le Lacer [Farringdon]

*Roger de Forsham.

[Or two of them]

1336, March (fn. 34)

(Return dated March 9).

Henry de Seccheford [Cripplegate]

Thomas de Chetyngdone.

John Priour.

[Priour's name is given in the Blue Book, but omitted from the record in Letter Book E, fo. 245 b]

1336, September (fn. 35)

(Return dated September 18).

John de Caustone [Lime Street]

Richard de Hakeneye [Billingsgate]

[To this Parliament the City was directed to send also four of the more discreet and sufficient wool-merchants, and the names returned were those of John de Oxenford (Castle Baynard), Richard de Hakeneye (Billingsgate), Henry Wymond and *William de Bricklesworth]

1337 January (fn. 36)

(Writ dated November 29, 1336).

Reginald de Conduit [Cheap]

John de Caustone [Lime Street]

1337 September (fn. 37)

(Writ dated August 18).

Reginald de Conduit [Cheap]

Benedict de Folesham [Broad Street]

[At the same time four citizens were elected to attend a Council, viz.: Henry Darci (Walbrook), Simon Fraunceys (Langbourn), William Haunsard (Fishmonger) and *Walter Turke]

1338, February (fn. 38)

(Writ dated December 20, 1337).

John de Grantham [Cordwainer]

Andrew Aubrey [Bread Street]

Ralph de Uptone [Coleman Street]

Richard de Rothyng [Queenhithe]

1338, July (fn. 39)

(Writ dated June 15).

Ralph de Uptone [Coleman Street]

*Bartholomew Deumars.

1339, January (fn. 40)

(Writs dated Nov. 15, and Dec. 26, 1338).

Simon Fraunceys [Langbourn]

*John de Northalle.

1339, October (fn. 41)

(Writ dated August 25).

Simon Fraunceys [Cheap]

John de Northalle [Langbourn]

1340, January (fn. 42)

(Writ dated November 6, 1339).

William de Bricklesworth [Tower]

John de Mockynge [Bridge]

Adam Lucas, Stock-fishmonger.

[Writ for two; three elected]

1340, March (fn. 43)

(Writ dated February 21).

William de Bricklesworth [Tower]

Richard de Rothyng [Queenhithe]

Richard de Berkynge [Aldgate]

1340, July (fn. 44)

(Writ dated May 30).

No return extant.

1340, October (a Council) (fn. 45)

(Writ dated September 15).

Andrew Aubrey, Mayor [Bread Street]

Simon Fraunceys [Cheap]

William de Bricklesworth [Tower]

†* Walter de Mordone.

John de Dallyng, Mercer]

1341 (fn. 46)

(Writ dated March 3).

Simon Fraunceys [Cheap]

William de Bricklesworth [Tower]

1343 (fn. 47)

(Writ dated February 24).

No return extant.

1344 (fn. 48)

(Writ dated April 20).

John de Northalle [Langbourn]

*John Lovekyn.

1346 (fn. 49)

(Writ dated July 30).

Geoffrey de Wychingham [Aldersgate]

Thomas Leggy [Broad Street]

*John Lovekyn.

Thomas de Walden, Apothecary.

[Four, three or two of them].

(Writs dated Nov. 13, 1347, Feb. 14, 1348).

John Lovekyn [Bridge]

Richard de Berkynge [Aldgate]

William de Iford, Common Serjeant.

Richard de Wycombe, Corder.

[Three or two of them]

1349

No return extant.

1350 (a Council) (fn. 51)

(Writ dated September 8).

Simon Fraunceys [Cheap]

*Thomas Dolseley.

1351 (fn. 52)

(Writ dated November 25, 1350).

Thomas Leggy [Broad Street]

William de Iford, Common Serjeant.

1352, January (fn. 53)

(Elected December 19, 1351).

Simon Fraunceys [Cheap]

Simon de Bedyngton, Draper.

1352, August (fn. 54)

(Elected August 6).

Adam Fraunceys [Queenhithe]

*John Lytle.

1353 (fn. 55)

(Writ dated July 15).

Thomas Leggy [Broad Street]

*Thomas Dolseley.

1354 (fn. 56)

(Elected March 24).

John de Stodeye [Vintry]

*Thomas Dolseley.

1355 (fn. 57)

(Writ dated October 22).

Adam Fraunceys [Queenhithe]

John de Stodeye [Vintry]

Simon de Bedyngton.

Adam de Acres, Common Serjeant.

1357 (fn. 58)

(Writ dated February 15).

Adam Fraunceys [Lime Street]

John Stodeye [Vintry]

Simon de Bedyngton, Draper.

William de Essex, Mercer.

1358 (fn. 59)

(Writ dated December 15, 1357).

Thomas Dolseley [Cordwainer]

William de Welde [Coleman Street]

William de Essex, Mercer.

Richard Toky, Pepperer.

1360 (fn. 60)

(Writ dated April 10).

Bartholomew Frestlyng [Dowgate]

Stephen Cavendish [Bread Street]

*Walter de Berneye.

Richard Toky.

1361 (fn. 61)

(Writ dated November 20, 1360).

Adam Fraunceys [Lime Street]

John Pecche [Walbrook]

Simon de Benyngton.

*John Pyel.

1362 (fn. 62)

(Writ dated August 14).

Bartholomew Frestlyng [Dowgate]

John Lytle [Queenhithe]

John Hiltoft, Goldsmith

*John Tornegold.

[These names are given in the Blue Book, but the Record in Letter Book G, fo. 101, substitutes for Frestlyng

Adam de Bury (Langbourn)]

1363 (fn. 63)

(Writ dated June 1).

William Holbech [Cheap]

John de St. Albans [Cornhill]

Simon de Benyngton.

*John Tornegold.

[The Blue Book gives two other names for the Aldermen but with the mark ? and a note that the names are doubtful. The above are correct]

1365 (fn. 64)

(Writ dated December 4, 1364).

Adam Fraunceys, [Lime Street]

John Lovekyn [Bridge]

Simon de Benyngton.

*Richard de Preston.

1366 (fn. 65)

(Writ dated January 20).

Adam Fraunceys [Lime Street]

John Wroth [Billingsgate]

Simon de Benyngton.

John de Worstede, Mercer.

1368 (fn. 66)

(Writ dated February 24).

John Wroth [Billingsgate]

Bartholomew Frestlyng [Dowgate]

*John Aubrey.

*John Organ.

1369, June (fn. 67)

(Writ dated April 6).

John Pecche [Walbrook]

John Tornegold [Queenhithe]

*Nicholas Exton.

*John Hadle.

1369, November (a Council) (fn. 68)

(Writ dated October 26).

Adam Fraunceys [Lime Street]

John Stodeye [Vintry]

*John Aubrey.

*John Philipot.

1371, January (A Council) (fn. 69)

(Writ dated December 2, 1370).

John Pecche [Walbrook]

William Walworth [Bridge]

Fulk Horewood.

*John Fyfhide]

1371, February (fn. 70)

(Writ dated January 8).

John Tornegold [Queenhithe]

Bartholomew Frestlyng [Dowgate]

*John Philipot.

William Essex, Draper.

1371, June (fn. 71)

(Writ dated April 27).

Bartholomew Frestlyng [Dowgate]

*John Philipot.

1372 (fn. 72)

(Writ dated September 1).

John Wroth [Billingsgate]

John Pecche [Walbrook]

*William Venour.

William de Kelshull, Fishmonger.

1373 (fn. 73)

(Writ dated October 4).

Adam Stable [Coleman Street]

John Warde [Aldgate]

John Birlyngham, Mercer.

*Adam Karlill.

1376 (fn. 74)

(Writ dated December 28, 1375).

John Pyel [Castle Baynard]

William Walworth [Bridge]

William Essex.

*Adam Karlill.

1377, January (fn. 75)

(Writ dated December, 1376).

John Hadle [Tower]

John Organ [Broad Street]

*William Venour.

*William Tonge.

1377, October (fn. 76)

(Elected September 28).

Adam Karlill [Bishopsgate]

Walter Sibyle [Lime Street]

†*William Walworth.

†*John Philipot.

1378 (fn. 77)

(Writ dated September 3).

John Hadle [Tower]

Geoffrey Neuton (or Newenton) [Dowgate]

†*John de Northampton.

*William Venour.

1379 (fn. 78)

(Writ dated February 16).

Adam Karlill [Broad Street]

Walter Sibyle [Bridge]

†*John Hadle.

*William More.

1380, January (fn. 79)

(Writ dated October 20, 1379).

John Boseham [Cheap]

Thomas Cornwaleys [Vintry]

†*John Philipot.

†*Robert Launde.

1380, November (fn. 80)

(Writ dated August 26).

John Organ [Broad Street]

John Rote [Walbrook]

†*Thomas Welford

†*William Tonge

1381 (fn. 81)

(Writ dated August 22).

Hugh Fastolf [Tower]

William Baret [Walbrook]

†*Sir John Philipot

†*John Hadle

1382, May.

(Writ dated March 24).

No return extant.

1382, October (fn. 82)

(Writ dated August 9).

John More [Cordwainer]

Thomas Carleton [Cripplegate]

William Essex

*Richard Norbury

1383, February (fn. 83)

(Elected February 18).

Sir Nicholas Brembre [Bread Street]

John More [Cordwainer]

William Essex

*Richard Norbury

1383, October (fn. 84)

(Writ dated August 20).

William Baret [Cornhill]

Henry Vanner [Queenhithe]

†*Sir William Walworth

†*Sir John Philipot

1384, April (fn. 85)

(Writ dated March 3).

John Hadle [Lime Street]

John Organ [Coleman Street]

†*John Rote

Henry Herbury, Vintner

1384, November (fn. 86)

(Writ dated September 28).

John Hadle [Lime Street]

John Organ [Coleman Street]

†Thomas Rolf

Henry Herbury

1385 (fn. 87)

(Writ dated September 3).

John Hadle [Lime Street]

Nicholas Exton [Billingsgate]

†William Anecroft

Henry Herbury

1386 (fn. 88)

(Writ dated August 8).

John Hadle [Lime Street]

John Organ [Langbourn]

*†Adam Karlill

Thomas Girdelere, Fishmonger.

1388, February (fn. 89)

(Writ dated December 17, 1387).

William More [Castle Baynard]

John Shadworth [Bassishaw]

†*William Baret

†*John Walcote

1388, September (fn. 90)

(Writ dated July 28)

Adam Bamme [Cheap]

Henry Vanner [Vintry]

†William Tonge

John Clenhand

1390, January (fn. 91)

(Writ dated December 6, 1389).

William More [Vintry]

John Shadworth [Bassishaw]

†*Adam Karlill

*William Brampton

1390, November (fn. 92)

(Writ dated September 12).

John Hadle [Lime Street]

William More [Vintry]

*Thomas Newenton (or Newton)

†John Botesham (or Boseham)

[The above names are given as of those elected on October 13 in Letter Book H, fo. 255, but at fo. 253, the name of John Loveye (Cripplegate) is substituted for that of More]

1391 (fn. 93)

(Writ dated September 7).

William Shiryngham [Bread Street]

William Brampton [Bridge]

†*William Staundon

†*John Walcote

1393

(Writ dated November 23, 1392).

No return extant.

1394 (fn. 94)

(Writ dated November, 13, 1393).

William Staundon [Cheap]

John Fresshe [Cordwainer]

Thomas Exton, Goldsmith

*John Wade

1395 (fn. 95)

(Writ dated November 20, 1394).

Adam Karlill [Cornhill]

Drew Barantyn [Farringdon Within]

Geoffrey Walderne

*William Askham

1397, January (fn. 96)

(Writ dated November 30, 1396)

William Staundon [Cheap]

William Brampton [Bridge]

*William Hyde

*Hugh Short

1397, September (fn. 97)

(Writ dated July 18).

Andrew Neuport [Aldersgate]

Drew Barantyn [Farringdon Within]

Robert Asshecombe, Broderer.

*William Chichele.

1399 (fn. 98)

(Writ dated August 19).

John Shadworth [Bassishaw]

William Brampton [Bridge]

*Richard Merlawe

William Sonyngwell, Mercer.

1401 1402, January

(Writs dated October 3, 1400, December 2, 1401).

No return extant.

1402, September (fn. 99)

(Writ dated August 14th).

John Hadle [Tower]

William Parker, [Bishopsgate]

John Prophete (or Profyt), Fishmonger.

*William Norton.

1403 (fn. 100)

(Writ dated November 24).

William Staundon [Cheap]

Drew Barantyn [Aldersgate]

William Marcheford, Mercer.

John Profyt.

1404

(Writ dated August 25).

No return extant.

1406 (fn. 101)

(Writ dated February 9).

William Staundon [Cheap]

Nicholas Wotton [Broad Street]

John Sudbury, Grocer.

Hugh Ryebrede.

1407 (fn. 102)

(Elected September 21).

William Askham [Bridge]

William Crowmere [Billingsgate]

William Marcheford.

John Bryan, Fishmonger.

1410 (fn. 103)

(Writ dated October 26, 1409).

Drew Barantyn [Aldersgate]

Henry Halton [Langbourn]

*John Reinwell.

Walter Gawtron, Draper.

1411 (fn. 104)

(Writ dated September 21).

Richard Merlawe [Queenhithe]

Thomas Fauconer [Coleman Street]

John Sutton, Grocer.

*John Michell.

1413, February (fn. 105)

(Writ dated December 1, 1412).

1413, May (fn. 106)

(Elected March 27).

Drew Barantyn [Aldersgate]

William Askham [Bridge]

William Marcheford.

Walter Gawtron.

1414, January (fn. 107)

(Writ dated December 1, 1413).

Richard Merlawe [Queenhithe]

Robert Chichele [Vintry]

William Burton, Grocer.

*Alan Everard.

1414, November (fn. 108)

(Elected October 15).

William Walderne [Bassishaw or Bread Street]

Nicholas Wotton [Dowgate]

William Olyver, Grocer.

*John Gedney.

1415 (fn. 109)

(Elected October 14).

Robert Chichele [Vintry]

William Walderne [Bassishaw]

*John Reinwell.

William Michell, Grocer.

1416, March (fn. 110)

(Writ dated January 21).

Richard Merlawe [Queenhithe]

Thomas Fauconer [Cheap]

William Weston, Draper.

*Nicholas Jamys.

1416, October (fn. 111)

(Writ dated September 3).

Richard Whitington [Lime Street]

Thomas Knolles [Cordwainer]

*John Perneys.

*Robert Whityngham.

1417 (fn. 112)

(Return dated October 25).

William Crowmere [Billingsgate]

William Sevenok [Tower]

*John Welles.

*John Boteler, Jun., Mercer.

1419 (fn. 113)

(Elected September 19 and 21).

Nicholas Wotton [Dowgate]

Henry Barton [Cornhill]

Richard Meryvale, Vintner.

Simon Sewale, Saddler.

1420 (fn. 114)

(Return dated November 11).

Thomas Fauconer [Cheap]

John Michell [Bridge]

Salamon Oxneye, Goldsmith.

John Higham, Draper.

1421, May (fn. 115)

(Elected April 14).

William Walderne [Bassishaw]

William Crowmere [Candlewick]

William Burton, Grocer.

*Richard Gosselyn.

1421, December (fn. 116)

(Return dated November 3).

Thomas Fauconer [Cheap]

Nicholas Wotton [Dowgate]

John Whatele, Mercer.

*John Brockle.

1422 (fn. 117)

(Return dated October 19).

Thomas Fauconer [Cheap]

John Michell [Bridge]

*Henry Frowyk.

Thomas Mayneld, Grocer.

1423 (fn. 118)

(Elected October 11).

Thomas Fauconer [Cheap]

John Welles [Langbourn]

*Henry Frowyk.

Thomas Boteler, Fishmonger.

1425 (fn. 119)

(Elected March 19).

Nicholas Wotton [Dowgate]

John Welles [Langbourn]

Everard Flete, Mercer.

*Thomas Bernewell.

1426 (fn. 120)

(Elected January 14).

John Michell [Bridge]

John Welles [Langbourn]

Everard Flete.

John Higham, Draper.

1427 (fn. 121)

(Elected September 11).

John Michell [Bridge]

John Welles [Langbourn]

*William Melreth.

Walter Gawtron.

1429 (fn. 122)

(Elected August 29).

Nicholas Wotton [Dowgate]

Nicholas James [Queenhithe]

*William Melreth.

Walter Gawtron.

1431 (fn. 123)

(Return dated December 11, 1430).

William Estfeld [Cripplegate]

Nicholas James [Queenhithe]

John Higham.

John Abbot, Mercer.

1432 (fn. 124)

(Return dated March 10).

John Gedney [Coleman Street]

William Melreth [Broad Street]

John Levyng, Ironmonger.

*Philip Malpas.

1433 (fn. 125)

(Return dated June 22).

John Reynwell [Billingsgate]

John Welles [Langbourn]

*John Hatherle.

*Thomas Catteworth.

1435 (fn. 126)

(Elected August 29).

John Michell [Bridge]

Robert Large [Castle Baynard]

John Bederenden, Draper.

*Stephen Forster.

1437 (fn. 127)

(Elected November 19th, 1436).

Henry Frowyk [Bassishaw]

Thomas Catteworth [Tower]

John Carpenter, Junr., Town Clerk.

*Nicholas Yeo (or Yoo).

1439 (fn. 128)

(Elected October 21 and 23).

Sir William Estfeld [Cripplegate]

Robert Clopton [Lime Street]

John Carpenter ("nuper clericus"—i.e. late Town Clerk.)

*Geoffrey Feldynge.

1442 (fn. 129)

(Elected January 15).

Sir William Estfeld [Cripplegate]

John Bowys, Recorder.

*Philip Malpas.

William Cottesbroke, Grocer.

1445 (fn. 130)

(Elected January 27).

John Reynwell [Bishopsgate]

Thomas Catteworth [Tower]

Thomas Burgoyne (Judge of the Sheriffs' Court).

John Sturgeon, Mercer.

1447 (fn. 131)

(Elected January 16).

Henry Frowyk [Bassishaw]

William Combes [Farringdon Without]

*Hugh Wyche.

*William Marowe.

1449, February (fn. 132)

(Elected January 24).

Thomas Catteworth [Tower]

John Norman [Cheap]

*Geoffrey Boleyn.

Thomas Billyng, Common Serjeant.

1449, November (fn. 133)

(Return dated October 6).

Stephen Broun [Billingsgate]

John Norman [Cheap]

John Nedham, Common Serjeant.

John Harewe, Mercer.

1450 (fn. 134)

(Elected October 2).

Henry Frowyk [Bassishaw]

William Marowe [Broad Street]

John Harewe.

*Richard Lee.

1453 (fn. 135)

(Elected February 15).

Stephen Broun [Billingsgate]

William Cantelowe [Cripplegate]

*John Middleton.

*John Walderne.

1455 (fn. 136)

(Elected June 9)

Geoffrey Feldynge [Farringdon Within]

William Cantelowe [Cripplegate]

John Harewe.

*John Yonge.

1458 (A Council) (fn. 137)

(Elected June 10).

William Marowe [Tower]

John Middleton [Bread Street]

*John Stokker.

Thomas Dounton, Mercer]

1459 (fn. 138)

(Elected November 5).

Thomas Canynges [Aldgate]

Ralph Verney [Castle Baynard]

*Richard Flemyng.

*John Bromer.

1460 (fn. 139)

(Elected September 22).

William Marowe [Tower]

Thomas Cook [Broad Street]

Richard Nedeham, Mercer.

*Robert Bassett.

1461

(Writ dated June 13).

No return extant.

1463 (fn. 140)

(Elected February 8).

William Marowe [Tower]

Thomas Urswyk, Recorder.

Thomas Wynselowe, Draper.

*John Bromer.

1467 (fn. 141)

(Elected April 13).

Sir Ralph Josselyn [Cornhill]

Thomas Urswyk, Recorder.

*John Warde, Mercer.

*John Crosby.

1469 (fn. 142)

(Elected August 29).

Ralph Verney [Bassishaw]

George Irlond [Cordwainer]

†Stephen Fabyan.

Thomas Staughton, Fishmonger.

1470 (fn. 143)

(Elected November 6).

Sir Thomas Cook [Bread Street]

Thomas Urswyk, Recorder.

John Marchall, Mercer.

†Stephen Fabyan.

1472 (fn. 144)

(Elected August 31).

Sir Ralph Verney [Bassishaw]

Sir George Irlond [Cordwainer]

John Brampton, Stock-fishmonger.

†Stephen Fabyan.

1478 (fn. 145)

(Return dated December 1, 1477).

Sir William Hampton [Vintry]

Richard Gardyner [Queenhithe]

William Bracebridge, Draper.

*John Warde, Grocer.

1483, January (fn. 146)

(Elected November 26, 1482).

Sir William Taillour [Cheap]

Robert Tate [Queenhithe]

*John Fenkyll.

*Hugh Clopton.

1483, June (fn. 147)

(Elected June 3).

Sir William Heriot [Broad Street]

Robert Tate [Queenhithe]

John Marchall, Mercer.

William Bracebrigge, Draper.

1483, November (fn. 148)

(Elected October 9).

Sir William Heriot [Broad Street]

Thomas FitzWilliam, Recorder.

William Bracebrigge.

John Pekeryng, Mercer.

1484 (fn. 149)

(Elected January 13).

Sir William Heriot [Broad Street]

Thomas FitzWilliam, Recorder.

John Pekeryng.

*John Fenkyll.

1485 (fn. 150)

(Elected October 25) (fn. 151)

John Warde, Mayor [Bishopsgate]

Thomas FitzWilliam, Recorder.

John Pekeryng.

William Spark, Draper.

1487 (fn. 152)

(Elected October 9).

Sir Henry Colet, Mayor [Cornhill]

Sir Thomas FitzWilliam, Recorder.

*Hugh Pemberton.

John Pekeryng.

1489 (fn. 153)

(Elected December 2, 1488).

Sir Henry Colet [Cornhill]

Sir Thomas FitzWilliam, Recorder.

Richard Nunneley, Grocer.

John Pykering [sic].

1489, January 7 (fn. 154)

Vice Fitzwilliam (elected for Lincolnshire).

William White [Coleman Street]

1491 (fn. 155)

(Elected October 7).

Robert Tate [Queenhithe]

William Capel [Walbrook]

*Nicholas Ailwyn.

Thomas Bullesdon, Skinner.

1495 (fn. 156)

(Elected September 24).

John Warde [Bishopsgate]

Robert Sheffield, Recorder.

*John Shaa.

*Thomas Bradbury.

1497 (fn. 157)

(Elected December 13, 1496).

Richard Chawry [Caudlewick]

Sir Robert Sheffield, Recorder.

*Thomas Wyndout.

Richard Nunneley.

[A previous election is recorded in Journal 10, fo. 79 b, under date October 19, 1496, at which, in addition to the above, John Warde (Bishopsgate) was also chosen. Possibly this was only a preliminary nomination of candidates, or Warde may have declined to serve]

1504 (fn. 158)

(Elected December 14, 1503).

Sir John Shaa [Bread Street]

Sir Robert Sheffield, Recorder.

Thomas Cremour, Draper.

John Paynter, Grocer.

Shaa died before Parliament met, and on December 29, 1503 (fn. 159), he was succeeded by Sir John Tate [Langbourn]

1510 (fn. 160)

(Elected November 19, 1509).

Sir John Tate [Langbourn]

John Chaloner, Recorder.

*James Yarford.

*John Brugge.

Yarford having been elected Alderman of Candlewick on December 4, 1509, before the meeting of Parliament, he was succeeded on December 13 (fn. 161), by Thomas More, Mercer.

1512 (fn. 162) (Elected January 15, 1512).

1515 (fn. 163) (Elected December 12, 1514).

Sir William Capel [Walbrook]

Richard Broke, Recorder.

William Calley, Draper. (Died about May or June, 1515).

*John Kyme.

1523 (fn. 164)

(Elected March 3).

George Monoux [Bassishaw]

William Shelley, Recorder.

John Hewster, Mercer.

*William Roche.

1529 (fn. 165)

(Elected October 5).

Sir Thomas Seymour (or Semer) [Dowgate]

John Baker, Recorder.

John Petyt, Common Pleader. (Died 1532).

†Paul Wythypool.

1532 (fn. 166)

Vice Petyt, deceased.

*William Bowyer.

[He is named as one of the members under date January 13, 1534, in Rep. 9, fo. 41 b]

1534, October 27 (fn. 166)

Vice Bowyer, elected Alderman of Aldgate on September 3.

Robert Pakynton, Mercer.

[Sir T. Seymour applied for leave to resign his seat on the ground of ill-health, December 2, 1535 (Rep. 9, fo. 141 b), and died on the 11th of the same month. There is no record of the election of a successor in this Parliament which was not dissolved till April 4, 1536]

1536, June.

No return extant. Noorthouck, in his History of London, gives—

William Roche [Langbourn]

Roger Cholmley, Recorder.

Robert Pakynton.

[The fourth member may possibly have been †Paul Wythypool.

1539, April.

No return extant: it is almost certain that two of the members were—

William Roche [Langbourn]

Roger Cholmley, Recorder.

1542 (fn. 167)

(Return dated December 12, 1541).

Sir William Roche [Bassishaw]

Sir Roger Cholmley, Recorder.

John Sturgeon, Haberdasher.

Nicholas Wylford, Merchant Taylor.

1545 (fn. 168)

(Elected January 20).

Sir William Roche [Bassishaw]

Sir Roger Cholmley, Recorder.

John Sturgeon.

†Paul Wythypool.

1545, February 9 (fn. 169)

Vice Roche (incapable of serving, being a prisoner in the Fleet).

Sir William Forman [Cripplegate]

1545, November 10 (fn. 170)

Vice Forman (resigned on account of ill-health).

Sir Richard Gresham [Cheap]

1545, November 17 (fn. 171)

Vice Cholmley (resigned the Recordership on becoming King's Serjeant)

Robert Broke, Recorder.

1547 (fn. 172)

(Return dated October 4)

Sir Martin Bowes [Langbourn]

Robert Broke, Recorder.

*Thomas Curtes.

[Elected Alderman of Farringdon Within, April, 1551]

Thomas Bacon, Salter.

1551, April (fn. 173)

Vice Curtes (elected an Alderman).

John Blundell, Mercer.

1553, March (fn. 174)

(Return dated January 16).

Sir Martin Bowes [Langbourn]

Robert Broke, Recorder.

John Marshe, Common Serjeant.

John Blundell.

1553, October (fn. 175)

(Writ dated August 14).

Sir Rowland Hill [Walbrook]

Robert Broke, Recorder.

John Marshe, Common Serjeant.

John Blundell.

1554, April (fn. 176)

(Writ dated February 17).

Sir Martin Bowes [Langbourn].

Robert Broke, Recorder.

John Marshe, Common Serjeant.

John Blundell.

1554, November (fn. 177)

(Writ dated October 3).

Sir Martin Bowes [Langbourn]

Ranulph Cholmley, Recorder.

Richard Grafton, Grocer.

Richard Burnell, Common Pleader.

1555 (fn. 178)

(Elected September 24).

Sir Martin Bowes [Langbourn]

Ranulph Cholmley, Recorder.

Philip Bold, Clothworker.

Nicholas Chune (or Choyne), Haberdasher.

1558 (fn. 179)

(Return dated December 15, 1557).

Sir William Garrard [Lime Street]

Ranulph Cholmley, Recorder.

John Marshe, Common Serjeant.

Richard Grafton, Grocer.

1559 (fn. 180)

(Elected January 9).

Sir Martin Bowes [Langbourn]

Ranulph Cholmley, Recorder.

John Marshe, Common Serjeant.

Richard Hill, Merchant Taylor.

The name is erroneously given as Hyde in the Blue Book]

1563 (fn. 181)

(Elected in December, 1562).

Sir William Chester [Bassishaw]

Ranulph Cholmley, Recorder. [Died April 25, 1563]

†Lawrence Wythers.

John Marshe, Judge of the Sheriff's Court.

1563 (fn. 182)

(Vice Cholmley).

Richard Onslow, Recorder.

[Resigned the membership and his seat on becoming Solicitor-General, June, 1566. This election was really void, as he was already sitting for Steyning, but parliament was not in session after the prorogation on April 10, 1563 until September 30, 1566, so that no notice was taken of the irregularity]

1566 (fn. 183)

(Vice Onslow).

Thomas Bromley, Recorder.

[He was already a member of the House sitting for Guildford, and this election, like the preceding, was void. The House resolved on October 3, 1566, that "Mr. Bromley, Burgess for Guldeford and elected one of the Knights for London shall stand Burgess for Guldeford and another person to be elected for London" (Commons' Journals, i., 73)]

1566, October (fn. 184)

Vice Bromley (new Writ October 3).

Sir John Whyte [Broad Street]

1571 (fn. 185)

(Elected in March).

Sir John Whyte [Cornhill]

Thomas Wilbraham, Recorder.

John Marshe.

Thomas Norton, Remembrancer.

1572 (fn. 186)

(Elected in April).

Sir Rowland Heywarde [Lime Street]

William Fletewood, Recorder.

John Marshe, Mercer.

Thomas Norton, Remembrancer.

[Marshe died in 1579, and a writ was issued for a new election, September 28. Journal 20 (ii.) fo. 516 b: Rep. 19, fo. 493. There is no return extant, but it is practically certain that his successor was Thomas Aldersey who is named on several Committees of the House of Commons in the session of JanuaryMarch 1581]

1584 (fn. 187)

(Elected October 22).

Sir Nicholas Woodroffe [Dowgate]

William Fletewood, Recorder.

Walter Fisshe, Merchant Taylor. [Died 1585]

Thomas Aldersey, Haberdasher.

1585, September 29 (fn. 188)

(Vice Fisshe).

*Henry Billingsley.

1586 (fn. 189)

(Elected October 3).

Sir Edward Osborne [Candlewick]

William Fletewood, Recorder.

Thomas Aldersey.

*Richard Saltonstall.

1588 (fn. 190)

(Return dated October 1).

Sir George Barne [Bassishaw]

William Fletewood, Recorder.

Thomas Aldersey.

Andrew Palmer, Goldsmith.

1593 (fn. 191)

(Elected November 27, 1592).

Sir John Harte [Cornhill]

Edward Drewe, Recorder.

Andrew Palmer.

George Sotherton, Merchant Taylor.

1597 (fn. 192)

(Elected October 3).

Sir John Harte [Lime Street]

John Croke, Recorder.

George Sotherton.

Thomas Fettiplace, Ironmonger.

1601 (fn. 193)

(Return dated October 6).

Sir Stephen Soame [Cheap]

John Croke, Recorder.

Thomas Fettiplace.

John Pynder, Vintner.

1604 (fn. 194)

(Elected February 13).

Sir Henry Billingsley [Candlewick]

Sir Henry Montague, Recorder.

Nicholas Fuller, Common Pleader.

Richard Gore, Merchant Taylor. [Billingsley died November 22, 1606]

1606, December 2 (fn. 195)

Vice Billingsley (new writ November 27).

Sir Thomas Lowe [Billingsgate]

1614, April (fn. 196)

Sir Thomas Lowe [Broad Street]

Sir Henry Montague, Recorder.

Nicholas Fuller.

Robert Middleton, Skinner.

1621 (fn. 197)

(Elected November 20, 1620).

Sir Thomas Lowe [Broad Street]

Robert Heath, Recorder.

*Robert Bateman.

William Towerson, Skinner.

1624 (fn. 198) (return dated January 13).

1625 (fn. 199) (elected in April).

Sir Thomas Middleton [Coleman Street]

Sir Heneage Finch, Recorder.

*Robert Bateman.

Martin Bend, Haberdasher.

1626 (fn. 200)

(Elected in January).

Sir Thomas Middleton [Coleman Street]

Sir Heneage Finch, Recorder.

*Sir Maurice Abbot.

*Robert Bateman.

1628 (fn. 201)

(Return dated February 19).

Thomas Moulson [Broad Street]

Christopher Clitherow [Billingsgate]

Henry Waller, Clothworker.

James Bunce, Leatherseller.

1640, April (fn. 202) (Return dated March 2).

1640, Nov. (fn. 203) (Return dated Oct. 20).

Thomas Soame [Vintry]

Isaac Penington [Bridge Without]

Matthew Cradock, Skinner.

Samuel Vassall, Clothworker.

[Cradock died May 27, 1641. Soame and Vassail were among the Presbyterian members excluded by Pride's Purge, December 6, 1648]

1641, June 1 (fn. 203)

(New writ May 28, vice Cradock).

John Venn, Merchant Taylor.

[Venn died June 28, 1650, and his place not being filled up, Penington remained the sole representative of the City until the forcible ejectment of the Rump by Cromwell, April 30, 1653]

1653 [Barebone's Parliament]

[Not elected, but nominated in June by a Council of Officers, seven members being assigned to the City of London]

Robert Tichborne [Farringdon Within]

John Ireton [Bread Street]

†Samuel Moyer.

†John Langley.

†John Stone.

Henry Barton.

Praise-God Barbon, Leatherseller.

1654.

(Elected June 14).

Thomas Foot [Coleman Street]

William Steele, Recorder.

†*Thomas Adams.

†*John Langham.

†Samuel Avery.

†Andrew Riccard.

[There is an account of this election in Harleian MS. 6810, fo. 64]

1656.

(Elected in August).

Thomas Foot [Coleman Street]

Sir Christopher Pack [Bassishaw]

[Made a member of Cromwell's Upper House, Dec., 1657]

†*Thomas Adams.

†*Richard Browne.

†Theophilus Biddulph.

John Jones.

1659.

(Elected in January).

William Thompson [Walbrook]

†Theophilus Biddulph.

John Jones.

†*Richard Browne.

[In May, 1659 the "Rump" of the Long Parliament was restored, ex-Alderman Penington alone representing the City. In February, 1660, the excluded Presbyterian members (the victims of "Pride's Purge") were readmitted to their seats, amongst whom were Alderman Sir Thomas Soame (Cheap) and S. Vassall, who had been Penington's colleagues from 1640 to 1648. The Long Parliament finally dissolved itself March 21, 1660]

1660.

(Elected in April).

John Robinson [Cripplegate]

[Knighted, May, 1660; created a Baronet, June, 1660]

William Wilde, Recorder.

[Knighted, June, 1660; created a Baronet, Sept., 1660]

*Richard Browne.

Knighted, May, 1660; created a Baronet, July, 1660]

†William Vincent.

1661.

(Return dated March 19).

John Fowke [Tower]

[Died April 22, 1662]

Sir William Thompson [Walbrook]

William Love [Portsoken]

John Jones.

[Thompson was discharged from his Aldermanry, Sept., 1661. and Love was ejected by the Corporation Commissioners in May, 1662]

1663, March 10.

Vice Fowke (new writ February 18).

Sir John Frederick [Coleman Street]

1679, February (elected Feb. 10).

1679, October (elected Sept. 29).

Sir Robert Clayton [Cheap]

Sir Thomas Player, Chamberlain.

†William Love.

*Thomas Pilkington.

[Elected Alderman of Farringdon Without October, 1680]

All four members belonged to the "Country" or Opposition party.

1681.

(Elected January 31).

Sir Robert Clayton [Cheap], Whig.

Thomas Pilkington [Farringdon Without], Whig.

Sir Thomas Player, Chamberlain, Whig.

†William Love, Whig.

1685.

(Return dated May 15).

Sir John Moore [Walbrook], Tory.

Sir William Prichard [Bridge Without], Tory.

Sir Samuel Dashwood [Cheap], Tory,

Sir Peter Rich [Aldersgate], Tory.

1689

(Elected January 9).

Sir Patience Ward (Farringdon Within), Whig.

†*Sir Robert Clayton, Whig.

†*Thomas Pilkington, Whig. [Knighted April 10, 1689]

†William Love, Whig.

[Died April, 1689]

[Pilkington was elected Alderman of Vintry, February 26, 1689, and Clayton of Cheap in October following]

1689, May 13.

Vice Love (new writ April 26).

Sir William Ashhurst [Billingsgate], Whig.

Note. The returns and particulars as to the elections to the parliaments after the Long Parliament (1611–1653) being taken from contemporary lists and newspapers, I have not thought it necessary to continue giving references beyond that date. The names of members elected in the parliaments from 1661 to 1895 are recorded in the Blue Books, as also those for the Parliament of 1654, in which, however, one name (that of Avery) is omitted owing to the original return being torn.

1690.

[Poll declared March 4]

†*Sir William Turner, Tory, 3,131.

Sir Samuel Dashwood [Aldgate], Tory, 3,117.

Sir William Prichard [Broad Street], Tory, 3,026.

Sir Thomas Vernon, Haberdasher, Tory, 2,942.

Sir Thomas Pilkington, Lord Mayor [Vintry], Whig, 2,519.

Sir Robert Clayton [Cheap], Whig, 2,368.

Sir William Ashhurst [Billingsgate], Whig, 2,326.

Sir Patience Ward [Farringdon Within], Whig, 2,289.

[Turner, who was restored to the Aldermanry of Castle Baynard in May, 1690, died February 9, 1693]

1693, March 2.

Vice Turner (new writ February 10).

Sir John Fleet, Lord Mayor [Langbourn] Tory, 1,925.

Sir William Ashhurst [Billingsgate], Whig, 1,741.

1695.

[Poll 4 days; Closed October 25]

Sir John Fleet [Langbourn], Tory, 4,876.

Sir William Ashhurst [Billingsgate], Whig, 2,821.

Sir Robert Clayton [Cheap] Whig, 2,619.

†Thomas Papillon, Whig, 2,612.

Sir William Prichard [Broad Street], Tory, 2,334.

†Sir William Russell, Tory, 2,287.

Sir Thomas Vernon, Tory, 2,276.

[Fleet was apparently supported by both parties]

1698.

[Poll 3 days; Closed August 2]

Sir John Fleet [Langbourn], Tory, 3,595.

Sir William Ashhurst [Billingsgate], Whig, 3,505.

Sir James Houblon [Aldersgate], Whig, 2,684.

†Thomas Papillon, Whig, 2,260.

*Gilbert Heathcote, Whig, 2,161.

Samuel Shepheard, Vintner, Whig, 2,121.

[Sir W. Prichard (Broad Street) was nominated in the Tory interest, but withdrew before the poll. Heathcote and Shepheard represented the New East India Company, Fleet the original East India Company, and Houblon the Bank of England. The last-named died October 25, 1700, and no successor was elected, the parliament being dissolved in December]

1701, February.

[Poll 4 days; Closed January 23]

Sir William Ashhurst [Billingsgate], Whig, 3,291.

*Gilbert Heathcote, Whig, 3,182.

Sir Robert Clayton [Cheap], Whig, 3,124.

Sir William Withers [Farringdon Within], Tory, 2,798.

Sir Charles Duncombe [Bridge], Tory, 2,714.

Sir John Fleet [Langbourn], Tory, 2,544.

Sir Francis Child [Farringdon Without], Tory, 2,255.

Sir William Prichard [Broad Street], Tory, 2,126.

[On a scrutiny, which closed February 1, the numbers were reduced to 3,245, 3,135, 3,088, 2,758, 2,631, 2,480, 2,189, 2,068.

Withers, though a Tory, was supported by the Whigs, probably as being one of the Committee of the New East India Company.

Heathcote was "expelled the House," Feb. 22, 1701, as being ineligible through holding the office of a Trustee of Exchequer Bills]

1701.

[Poll 3 days; Closed March 19]

Vice Heathcote (new writ February 26).

Sir John Fleet [Langbourn], Tory, 2,356.

Sir Thomas Stampe [Cripplegate], Whig, 2,089.

1701, November.

[Poll 4 days; Closed November 28]

*Gilbert Heathcote, Whig, 2,769.

[Elected Alderman of Walbrook, June 30, 1702]

Sir William Ashhurst [Billingsgate], Whig, 2,759.

Sir Thomas Abney [Vintry], Whig, 2,647.

Sir Robert Clayton [Cheap], Whig, 2,602.

Sir Charles Duncombe [Bridge], Tory, 1,490.

Sir John Fleet [Langbourn], Tory, 1,428.

Sir John Houblon [Cornhill], Whig, 995.

Sir Richard Levett [Bridge Without], Tory, 945.

Sir John Parsons [Bassishaw], Tory, 137.

[Sir William Gore, Lord Mayor [Coleman Street], was originally one of the Tory candidates with Fleet, Duncombe and Levett: he withdrew after the nomination, and many of the Tories gave their votes to Houblon, who was standing independently of the four official Whig candidates]

1702.

[Poll 4 days; Closed July 25]

Sir John Fleet [Langbourn], Tory, 3,177.

Gilbert Heathcote [Walbrook], Whig, 3,038.

[Knighted October 29, 1702]

Sir William Prichard [Broad Street], Tory, 2,993.

Sir Francis Child [Farringdon Without], Tory, 2,849.

Sir Robert Clayton [Cheap], Whig, 2,791.

Sir Charles Duncombe [Bridge], Tory, 2,777.

Sir William Ashhurst [Billingsgate], Whig, 2,738.

Sir Thomas Abney [Vintry], Whig, 2,713.

[There was a scrutiny which closed August 18 the final numbers are not recorded. Prichard died February 18, 1705: no successor was elected, Parliament being dissolved April 5]

1705.

[Poll 4 days; Closed May 17]

Sir Gilbert Heathcote [Walbrook], Whig, 3,346.

Samuel Shepheard, Whig, 3,013.

Sir William Ashhurst [Billingsgate], Whig, 2,961.

Sir Robert Clayton [Cheap], Whig, 2,919.

[Died July 16, 1707]

Sir Richard Hoare [Bread Street] Tory, 2,195.

Sir John Fleet [Langbourn] Tory, 2,187.

Sir William Withers [Farringdon Within] Tory, 1964.

Sir John Parsons [Bassishaw] Tory, 1,709.

1707.

Vice Clayton (new writ November 10).

[Poll 5 days; Closed November 22]

Sir William Withers, Lord Mayor [Farringdon Within] Tory, 3,146.

Sir John Buckworth, Bart., Fishmonger, Whig, 2,893.

[There was a scrutiny which closed December 18; the final numbers not recorded]

1708.

[Poll 4 days; Closed May 14]

*John Ward, Tory, 3,353.

[Elected Alderman of Candlewick, April 7, 1709]

Sir Gilbert Heathcote [Walbrook], Whig, 3,216.

Sir William Ashhurst [Billingsgate], Whig, 3,209.

Sir William Withers, Lord Mayor [Farringdon Within] Tory, 3,189.

Sir Samuel Stanier [Aldgate] Whig, 3,012.

Sir John Buckworth, Bart., Whig, 2,284.

Sir Richard Hoare [Bread Street] Tory, 2,245.

Sir Francis Child [Farringdon Without] Tory, 2,026.

[Buckworth retired on the third day of the poll, when he was above Stanier. Ward went over to the Whigs during this Parliament, and supported the impeachment of Sacheverell]

1710.

[Poll 5 days; Closed October 14]

Sir William Withers [Farringdon Within], Tory, 3,629.

Sir Richard Hoare [Bread Street], Tory, 3,572.

Sir George Newland, Joiner, Tory, 3,385.

*John Cass, Tory, 3,240.

[Elected Alderman of Portsoken, January 23, 1711; Knighted June 14, 1712]

John Ward [Candlewick], Whig, 3,224.

Sir Gilbert Heathcote, Lord Mayor elect [Walbrook], Whig, 3,185.

Sir James Bateman [Coleman Street], Whig, 3,104.

Sir William Ashhurst [Billingsgate], Whig, 3,048.

[There was a scrutiny which closed on November 16, the final numbers are not recorded.

All the members, except Withers, voted with the Whigs against the Tory government on the French Commercial Treaty in 1713]

1713.

[Poll 11 days; Closed October 24]

Sir Richard Hoare, Lord Mayor [Bread Street], Tory, 3,842.

Sir George Newland, Tory, 3,826.

[Died by suicide, March 26, 1714]

Sir John Cass [Portsoken], Tory, 3,802.

Sir William Withers [Farringdon Within], Tory, 3,763.

John Ward [Candlewick], Whig, 3,730.

Robert Heysham, Whig, 3,688.

Peter Godfrey, Mercer, Whig, 3,657.

Thomas Scawen [Cornhill], Whig, 3,625.

[There was a scrutiny which was closed, though not completed, November 12, this being the day on which the writ was returnable; the final numbers are not recorded. The defeated candidates petitioned, but parliament was dissolved before the case was heard: owing to the petition being undecided, no new writ was issued on Newland's death.

At this election, Sir Peter King, Recorder (afterwards Lord Chancellor), was one of the original Whig candidates: on his withdrawal, Godfrey was substituted. Heysham had previously sat for Lancaster as a Hanoverian Tory]

1715.

[Poll 6 days; Closed January 29]

*Robert Heysham, Whig, 3,499.

[Elected Alderman of Billingsgate, January 14, 1720]

Sir John Ward [Candlewick], Whig, 3,475.

Peter Godfrey, Whig, 3,471.

Sir Thomas Scawen [Cornhill], Whig, 3,439.

Sir John Cass [Portsoken], Tory, 2,884.

Sir William Withers [Farringdon Within], Tory, 2,879.

Sir William Stewart [Cripplegate], Tory, 2,828.

Sir George Mertinns [Bridge], Tory, 2,774.

[Godfrey and Heysham voted with the Tories in opposition to the Septennial Bill, the Peerage Bill and the Bill for repealing the Occasional Conformity Act. Their colleagues also opposed the Septennial Bill]

1722.

[Poll 5 days; Closed April 14]

Richard Lockwood, Mercer, Tory, 4,235.

*John Barnard, Whig, 3,980.

Peter Godfrey, Whig, 3,853.

[Died November 10, 1724]

Francis Child [Farringdon Without], Tory, 3,784

Humphrey Parsons [Portsoken], Tory, 3,593.

Robert Heysham [Billingsgate], Whig, 3,573.

[There was a scrutiny which closed May 8, when the final numbers stood: 4,025, 3,840, 3,723, 3,575, 3,393, 3,441, Heysham being thus placed above Parsons. Richard Brocas [Farringdon Within], was one of the original Tory candidates with Child and Lockwood: on his withdrawal, Parsons was adopted in his place. Barnard, though nominally a Whig, was a strong opponent of Walpole, and was supported by the Tories at subsequent elections]

1724.

Vice Godfrey (new writ, November 16).

[Poll 6 days; closed November 28]

Sir Richard Hopkins [Lime Street], Whig, 3,332.

Charles Goodfellow, Mercer, Tory, 2,911.

[There was a scrutiny which was abandoned December 9; the final numbers were not recorded]

1727.

[Poll 6 days; closed October 18]

Sir John Eyles, Bart., Lord Mayor [Vintry], Whig, 3,643.

*John Barnard, Opposition Whig, 3,620.

[Elected Alderman of Dowgate, January 4, 1728; Knighted September 28, 1732]

*Micajah Perry, Whig, 3,494.

[Elected Alderman of Aldgate, February 24, 1728]

Humphrey Parsons [Portsoken], Tory, 3,370.

Sir John Thompson [Candlewick], Whig, 3,340.

Richard Lockwood, Tory, 3,086.

Sir John Williams [Cripplegate], Tory, 3,017.

Sir Richard Hopkins [Lime Street], Whig, 3,010.

[There was a scrutiny which closed November 20, when the final numbers stood: 3,539, 3,514, 3,396, 3,255, 3,244, 2,977, 2,914, 2,921; Hopkins being thus placed above Williams]

1734.

[Poll 7 days; Closed May 8]

Humphrey Parsons [Portsoken] Tory, 3,932.

Sir John Barnard [Dowgate], Opposition Whig, 3,841.

Micajah Perry [Aldgate], Whig, 3,725.

*Robert Willimott, Whig, 2,984.

[Elected Alderman of Lime Street, Jan. 28, 1736]

John Barber [Castle Baynard], Tory, 2,381.

Robert Godschall [Bishopsgate], Tory, 1,078.

[Parsons, Barnard, Perry and Godschall issued a joint address: Perry, who was a Whig, had opposed Walpole's Excise Scheme. Barber, who was an avowed Jacobite, polled 577 plumpers. Willimott and Perry received the support of the Dissenters. Godschall, who was ahead of Perry and Willimott on the first three days' poll, fell behind on the fourth day and retired on the fifth in favour of Barber.

Parsons died March 21, 1741: no new writ was issued, Parliament being dissolved on April 27, following]

1741.

[Poll 7 days; Closed May 12]

Sir John Barnard [Dowgate], Opposition Whig, 3,769.

George Heathcote [Walbrook], Opposition Whig, 3,322.

Daniel Lambert, Lord Mayor [Tower], Tory, 3,217.

[Knighted February 18, 1744]

Sir Robert Godschall [Bishopsgate], Tory, 3143.

[Died June 26, 1742]

Micajah Perry [Aldgate], Whig, 1,713.

Sir Edward Bellamy [Billingsgate], Whig, 1,311.

Edward Vernon, Admiral, Opposition Whig, 1,175.

[Vernon, who was a strong opponent of Walpole, was proposed by the Walpole party (in the hope that his popularity might aid the candidates associated with him), without his knowledge, being absent on service abroad, although he was at the same time the Opposition candidate for Westminster]

1742, July 13.

Vice Godschall (new writ July 1).

William Calvert [Portsoken], antiWalpole Whig.

[Knighted February 18, 1744]

1747.

[Poll 7 days; Closed July 8]

Sir William Calvert [Portsoken], independent Whig, 3,806.

Sir John Barnard [Dowgate], independent Whig, 3,781.

*Slingsby Bethell, Whig, 3,146.

[Elected Alderman of Walbrook, January 19, 1749]

*Stephen Theodore Jannsen, Whig, 3,008.

[Elected Alderman of Bread Street, Nov. 23, 1748]

Sir Daniel Lambert [Tower], Tory, 2,530.

Sir Robert Ladbroke [Castle Baynard], independent Whig, 1,986.

Sir Henry Marshall [Farringdon Within], Tory, 73.

[This was not a political contest. Bethell and Jannsen were nominated on behalf of the London Merchants in opposition to the four Aldermen, but both of them, after securing their elections on the anti-Aldermanic interest, became Aldermen themselves within two years. Marshall retired after the first day's poll. Many of Bethell and Jannsen's supporters voted also for Barnard and Calvert]

1754.

[Poll 7 days; Closed May 7]

Sir John Barnard [Bridge Without], Whig, 3,553.

[Resigned his Aldermanry, July, 1758]

Slingsby Bethell [Walbrook], Whig, 3,547.

[Died November 1,1758]

Sir Robert Ladbroke [Castle Baynard], Whig, 3,390.

William Beckford [Billingsgate], Whig, 2,941.

Sir Richard Glyn [Dowgate], Whig, 2,655.

Sir William Calvert [Portsoken], Whig, 2,650.

[This was not a party contest, Toryism being practically dormant at this time. Calvert lost his election mainly on account of his support of the Jews' Naturalization Bill in the preceding Parliament. Bethell, Glyn and Beckford issued a joint address]

1758, November 30.

Vice Bethell (new writ November 23).

Sir Richard Glyn, Lord Mayor [Dowgate], Whig.

[Created a Baronet, September, 1759]

1761.

[Poll 7 days; closed April 2]

Sir Robert Ladbroke [Bridge Without], Whig, 4,306.

Hon. Thomas Harley, Tory, 3,983.

[Elected Alderman of Portsoken May 5, 1761]

William Beckford [Billingsgate], Whig, 3,663.

Sir Richard Glyn, Bart. [Dowgate], Whig, 3,285.

Sir Samuel Fludyer, Bart. [Cheap], Tory, 3,193.

[This was not a party contest. Harley was brought forward by a Committee of merchants under the chairmanship of Richard Glover, the poet, and having been afterwards nominated in conjunction with Beckford, Glyn and Fludyer, at a meeting presided over by Deputy Paterson, signed a joint address with them. He did not call himself a Tory, but usually voted with the Court]

1768.

[Poll 7 days; closed March 23]

Hon. Thomas Harley, Lord Mayor [Portsoken], Tory, 3,729.

[Sworn a Privy Councillor, May 27, 1768]

Sir Robert Ladbroke [Bridge Without], Whig, 3,678.

[Died October 31, 1773]

William Beckford [Billingsgate], Whig, 3,402.

[Died June 21, 1770]

Barlow Trecothick [Vintry], Whig, 2,957.

Sir Richard Glyn, Bart. [Dowgate], Whig, 2,823.

John Paterson, Whig, 1,769.

John Wilkes, Whig, 1,247.

1770, July 11.

Vice Beckford (new writ July 7).

Richard Oliver [Billingsgate], Whig.

1773.

Vice Ladbroke (new writ November 20].

[Poll 7 days; Closed December 4]

Frederick Bull, Lord Mayor [Queenhithe], Whig, 2,695.

John Roberts, Brewer, Tory, 2,481.

[There was a scrutiny, which was abandoned December 23; the final numbers were not recorded]

1774.

[Poll 7 days: Closed October 15]

John Sawbridge [Langbourn], Whig, 3,456.

George Hayley [Cordwainer], Whig, 3,390.

Richard Oliver [Billingsgate], Whig, 3,354.

Frederick Bull, Lord Mayor [Queenhithe], Whig, 3,096.

William Baker, Weaver, Whig, 2,802.

Brass Crosby [Bread Street], Whig, 1,913.

John Roberts, Tory, 1,398.

[Sawbridge, Hayley, Bull and Crosby were supported by Wilkes and his party. though many voted for Baker, who was also a Wilkite. Oliver represented the personal opponents of Wilkes amongst the City Whigs and received many Tory votes]

1780.

[Poll 7 days; Closed September 15]

George Hayley [Cordwainer], Whig, 4,062.

[Died August 30, 1781]

John Kirkman [Cheap], Whig, 3,804.

[Died September 15, 1780]

Frederick Bull [Queenhithe], Whig, 3,150.

[Died January 10, 1784]

Nathaniel Newnham [Vintry], Whig, 3,036.

John Sawbridge [Langbourn], Whig, 2,957.

Richard Clark [Broad Street], Tory, 1,774.

[Hayley, Bull and Sawbridge stood jointly. Kirkman died on the last day of the poll]

1780, November 28.

Vice Kirkman (new writ, November 21).

John Sawbridge [Langbourn] Whig.

1781.

Vice Hayley (new writ, September 15).

[Poll 7 days; Closed September 29]

Sir Watkin Lewes, Lord Mayor [Lime Street], Whig, 2,685.

Richard Clark [Broad Street], Tory, 2,387.

1784.

Vice Bull (new writ, January 12).

[Poll 3 days; Closed January 26].

Brook Watson, Whig (Pittite), 2,097.

Brass Crosby [Bread Street], Whig, 1,043

1784.

[Poll 7 days; Closed April 6].

*Brook Watson, Pittite, 4,789.

[Elected Alderman of Cordwainer, June 17, 1784]

Sir Watkin Lewes [Lime Street], Pittite, 4,554.

Nathaniel Newnham [Vintry], Whig, 4,479.

John Sawbridge [Langbourn], Whig, 2,823.

*Richard Atkinson, Tory, 2,816.

Samuel Smith, Jun., Pittite, 287.

Right Hon. William Pitt, 56.

[Pitt, the Prime Minister, was nominated without his consent, and both he and Smith were withdrawn on the second day of the poll. Sawbridge and Newnham, who were Foxites, stood independently of each other. There was a scrutiny which closed on May 14, when the numbers were reduced to 4,776, 4,541, 4,467, 2,812, 2,803, 286]

1790.

[Poll 7 days; Closed June 24]

William Curtis [Tower], Tory, 4,346.

Brook Watson [Cordwainer], Tory, 4,101.

Sir Watkin Lewes [Lime Street], Pittite, 3,747.

John Sawbridge [Langbourn], Whig, 3,586.

[Died February 21, 1795]

Nathaniel Newnham [Vintry], Whig, 2,670.

William Pickett, Lord Mayor [Cornhill], Whig, 1,064.

[Lewes, though nominally a Whig, had voted for Pitt's Regency Bill and continued to support the Government. Watson was appointed Commissary-General to the British forces on the Continent in 1793 and thereupon vacated his seat by accepting the Stewardship of East Hendred]

1793, March 6.

Vice Watson (new writ, February 25).

John William Anderson [Aldersgate], Tory.

[Alderman Newnham was nominated by the Whigs, but declined to demand a poll]

1795.

Vice Sawbridge (new writ, February 23).

[Poll 3 days; Closed March 5]

*William Lushington, Tory, 2,334.

[Elected Alderman of Billingsgate, May 20, 1795]

Harvey Christian Combe [Aldgate], Whig, 1,560.

1796.

[Poll 7 days; Closed June 1]

William Lushington [Billingsgate], Tory, 4,369.

[Resigned his Aldermanry, May, 1799]

William Curtis, Lord Mayor [Tower], Tory, 4,313.

Harvey Christian Combe [Aldgate], Whig, 3,865.

John William Anderson [Aldersgate], Tory, 3,170.

[Created a Baronet, May, 1798]

William Pickett [Cornhill], Whig, 2,795.

Sir Watkin Lewes [Lime Street], Tory, 2,356.

1802.

[Poll 7 days; Closed July 13]

Harvey Christian Combe [Aldgate], Whig, 3,377.

Charles Price [Farringdon Without], Tory, 3,236.

[Created a Baronet, January, 1804]

William Curtis [Tower], Tory, 2,989.

[Created a Baronet, November 1802]

Sir John William Anderson, Bart., [Aldersgate], Tory, 2,387.

Benjamin Travers, Fishmonger, Whig, 1,371.

Sir Watkin Lewes [Lime Street], Tory, 652.

†William Lushington, Tory, 113.

[Travers retired on the fourth day of the poll, and Lushington declined election on the nomination day]

1806.

[Poll 7 days; Closed November 7]

Harvey Christian Combe [Aldgate], Whig, 2,294.

James Shaw, Lord Mayor [Portsoken], Tory, 2,275.

Sir Charles Price, Bart. [Farringdon Without], Tory, 2,254.

Sir William Curtis, Bart. [Tower], Tory, 2,213.

*John Atkins, Whig, 314.

John Peter Hankey [Candlewick], Whig, 164.

[Atkins retired on the third day of the poll, and Hankey was voted for without his consent]

1807.

[Poll 7 days; Closed May 13]

Sir Charles Price, Bart. [Farringdon Without], Tory, 3,117.

Sir William Curtis, Bart. [Tower], Tory, 3,059.

James Shaw [Portsoken], Tory, 2,863.

[Created a Baronet, September 1809]

Harvey Christian Combe [Aldgate], Whig, 2,533.

John Peter Hankey [Candlewick], Whig, 226.

[Hankey died on May 6, the first day of the poll, which was kept open unnecessarily for 7 days to determine the order of the members elected]

1812.

[Poll 7 days; Closed October 12]

Harvey Christian Combe [Aldgate], Whig, 5,125.

Sir William Curtis, Bart. [Tower], Tory, 4,577.

Sir James Shaw, Bart. [Portsoken], Tory, 4,082.

John Atkins [Walbrook], Tory, 3, 645.

*Robert Waithman, Whig, 2,622.

Matthew Wood [Cripplegate], Whig, 2,373.

Claudius Stephen Hunter, Lord Mayor [Bassishaw] Tory 8.

[Combe, in accordance with a request from the liverymen at a meeting of Common Hall on May 30, 1817 resigned his seat, accepting the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds. Atkins had contested the City as a Whig in 1806]

1817, June 10.

Vice Combe (new writ, June 3).

Matthew Wood, Lord Mayor [Cripplegate] Whig.

[William Heygate (Coleman Street), declined an invitation to stand as a moderate Whig]

1818.

[Poll 7 days; Closed June 23]

Matthew Wood [Cripplegate], Whig, 5,715.

Thomas Wilson, Spectacle Maker, Tory, 4,846.

*Robert Waithman, Whig, 4,617.

[Elected Alderman of Farringdon Without, July 24, 1818]

John Thomas Thorp [Aldgate], Whig, 4,349.

Sir William Curtis, Bart. [Tower], Tory, 4,224.

John Atkins [Walbrook], Tory, 1,688.

1820.

Poll 7 days; Closed March 14.

Matthew Wood [Cripplegate] Whig, 5,370.

Thomas Wilson, Tory, 5,358.

Sir William Curtis, Bart. [Tower], Tory, 4,908.

George Bridges, Lord Mayor [Lime Street], Tory, 4,259.

Robert Waithman [Farringdon Without], Whig, 4,119.

John Thomas Thorp [Aldgate], Whig, 3,921.

1826.

Poll 7 days; Closed June 16.

William Thompson [Cheap], Whig antiCatholic, 6,483.

Robert Waithman [Farringdon Without], Whig, 5,042.

William Ward, Musician, Tory, 4,991.

Matthew Wood [Cripplegate], Whig, 4,880.

William Venables, Lord Mayor [Queenhithe], Whig, 4,514.

John Gurratt [Bridge Within], Tory, 330.

[Alderman Garratt, who was proposed by Alderman Brown without his consent, retired after the first day's poll]

1830.

(Elected July 30).

Matthew Wood [Cripplegate], Whig.

Robert Waithman [Farringdon Without], Whig.

William Thompson [Cheap], Whig.

William Ward, Tory.

1831.

(Elected April 29).

Matthew Wood [Cripplegate], Whig.

Robert Waithman [Farringdon Without], Whig.

William Thompson [Cheap], Whig.

William Venables [Queenhithe], Whig.

[Mr. Ward, the late Tory member, withdrew on the nomination day]

1832.

[Poll 2 days; Closed December 12]

George Grote, Needlemaker, Radical, 8,412.

Matthew Wood [Cripplegate], Whig, 7,488.

Robert Waithman [Farringdon Without], Whig, 7,452.

[Died February 6, 1833]

Sir John Key, Bart. [Langbourn], Whig, 6,136.

George Lyall, Tory, 5,112.

†Michael Scales, Radical, 569.

[Key accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, August, 1833]

1833.

Vice Waithman (new writ, Feb. 21).

[Poll 2 days; Closed March 1]

George Lyall, Broderer, Tory, 5,569.

William Venables [Queenhithe], Whig, 4,527.

1833.

Vice Key (new writ August 5).

[Poll 2 days; Closed August 15]

William Crawford, Spectacle Maker, Whig, 4,041.

Francis Kemble, Tory, 2,004.

1835.

[Poll 2 days; Closed January 7]

Matthew Wood [Cripplegate], Lib., 6,418.

James Pattison, Spectacle Maker, Lib., 6,050.

William Crawford, Lib., 5,961.

George Grote, Lib., 5,955.

George Lyall, Con., 4,599.

William Ward, Con., 4,559.

Thomas Wilson, Con., 4,514.

1837.

[Poll July 24]

Matthew Wood [Cripplegate], Lib., 6,517.

[Created a Baronet, November, 1837]

William Crawford, Lib., 6,071.

James Pattison, Lib., 6,070.

George Grote, Lib., 5,879.

John Horsley Palmer, Con., 5,873.

1841.

[Poll June 29]

John Masterman, Con., 6,339.

Sir Matthew Wood, Bart. [Cripplegate], Lib, 6,315.

Died September 25, 1843]

George Lyall, Con., 6,290.

Right Hon. Lord John Russell, Lib., 6,221.

Matthies Wolrerley, Attwood, Con., 6,212.

James Pattison, Lib., 6,070.

William Crawford, Lib., 6,065.

John Pair Cornhill, Con., 6,017.

Lord J. Russell became First Lord of the Treasury in 1846 and was re-elected July 8 (new writ, July 3.

1843.

Vice Wood (Notice of Writ September 28).

[Poll October 21]

James Pattison, Lib., 6,532.

Thomas Baring, Con., 6,367.

1847.

[Poll July 29]

Right Hon. Lord John Russell, Lib., 7,137.

James Pattison, Lib., 7,030.

[Died July 14, 1849]

Baron Lionel Nathan de Rothschild, Lib., 6,792.

John Masterman, Con., 6,722.

Sir George Gerard de Hochepied Larpent, Bart., Lib., 6,719.

Robert Cooper Lee Bevan, Con., 5,268.

John Johnson [Dowgate], Con., 5,069.

James William Freshfield, Con., 4,704.

William Payne, Lib., 518.

[Baron de Rothschild accepted the Chiltern Hundreds in June 1849, and stood again after the rejection of the Jewish Disabilities Bill]

1849, July 3.

Vice Rothschild (new Writ June 27).

Baron Lionel Nathan de Rothschild, Lib., 6,017.

Lord John James Robert Manners, Con., 2,814.

1849, July 27.

Vice Pattison (new Writ July 21).

Sir James Duke, Lord Mayor [Farringdon Without], Lib.

[Created a Baronet, October, 1849]

1852.

[Poll July 7]

John Masterman, Con., 6,195.

Right Hon. Lord John Russell, Lib., 5,537.

Sir James Duke, Bart. [Farringdon Without], Lib., 5,270.

Baron Lionel Nathan de Rothschild, Lib., 4,748.

Robert Wigram Crawford, Lib., 3,765.

[Lord J. Russell was re-elected January 3, 1853 (new Writ, December 27, 1852): June 14, 1854 (new Writ, June 9); March 3, 1855 (new Writ, February 26), on acceptance of office as Foreign Secretary, President of the Council and Colonial Secretary respectively]

1857.

[Poll March 28]

Sir James Duke, Bart. [Farringdon Without], Lib., 6,664.

Baron Lionel Nathan de Rothschild, Lib., 6,398.

Right Hon. Lord John Russell, Lib., 6,308.

Robert Wigram Crawford, Lib., 5,808.

Raikes Currie, Lib., 4,519.

[Baron de Rothschild accepted the Chiltern Hundreds in July 1857 on the rejection of the Jewish Disabilities Bill, and was re-elected July 28 (new writ, July 24) without a contest]

1859.

(Elected April 29).

Right Hon. Lord John Russell, Lib.

Baron Lionel Nathan de Rothschild, Lib.

Sir James Duke, Bart. [Farringdon Without] Lib.

Robert Wigram Crawford, Lib.

[Lord J. Russell was re-elected on taking office as Foreign Secretary, June 27, 1859 (new Writ, June 22), and vacated his seat by accepting the Stewardship of Northstead in July, 1861, previous to being raised to the Peerage]

1861, July 30.

Vice Russell (new Writ, July 24).

Western Wood, Lib., 5,747.

[Died May 17, 1863]

William Cubitt, Lord Mayor [Langbourn], Con., 5,241.

1863, June 2.

Vice Wood (new Writ, May 28).

George Joachim Göschcn, Lib.

1865.

[Poll July 11]

George Joachim Göschen, Lib., 7,102.

[Sworn a Privy Councillor November 29, 1865]

Robert Wigram Crawford, Lib., 7,086.

William Lawrence [Bread Street], Lib., 6,637.

Baron Lionel Nathan de Rothschild, Lib., 6,525.

George Lyall, Con. 4,197.

*Robert Nicholas Fowler, Con., 4,086.

[Mr. Göschen was appointed to the VicePresidency of the Board of Trade in Nov., 1865, and was re-elected February 26, 1866 (new writ February 21), having been in the interim transferred to the Chancellorship of the Duchy of Lancaster]

1868.

[Poll November 17].

Right Hon. George Joachim Göschen, Lib., 6,560.

William Lawrence [Bread Street], Lib., 6. 258.

Robert Wigram Crawford, Lib., 6, 215.

Charles Bell, Con., 6, 130.

[Died February 9, 1869]

Philip Twees, Con., 6, 099.

Sills John Gibbons [Castle Baynard], Con., 6, 013.

Baron Lionel Nathan de Rothschild, Lib., 5, 995.

[Mr. Göschen was re-elected on appointment to the Presidency of the Poor Law Board, December 21, 1868 (new Writ December 15)]

1869, February 22.

Vice Bell (new Writ February 17).

Baron Lionel Nathan de Rothschild, Lib.

1874.

[Poll February 5]

William James Richmond Cotton [Lime Street], Con., 8, 397.

Philip Twclls, Con., 8, 330.

John Gellibrand Hubbard, Con., 8, 210.

[Sworn a Privy Councillor, Aug. 6, 1874]

Right Hon. George Joachim Goschen, Lib., 6, 787.

William Lawrence [Bread Street], Lib., 6, 654.

Baron Lionel Nathan de Rothschild, Lib., 6, 490.

1880.

[Poll March 31]

William James Richmond Cotton [Lime Street], Con., 10, 326.

Robert Nicholas Fowler [Cornhill], Con., 10, 274.

[Created a Baronet, July, 1885]

Right Hon. John Gellibrand Hubbard, Con., 10, 256.

William La whence [Bread Street], Lib., 5, 950.

Richard Biddulph Martin, Lib., 5, 837.

Walter Morrison, Lib., 5, 743.

1885.

[Poll November 26]

Sir Robert Nicholas Fowler, Bart., [Cornhill], Con., 12, 827

Right Hon. John Gellibrand Hubbard, Con., 8, 802.

Stephen Philpot Low, Lib., 5, 817.

William James Richmond Cotton [Lime Street], Con., 5, 563.

1886.

(Elected July 1).

Sir Robert Nicholas Fowler, Bart. [Cornhill], Con.

[Died May 22, 1891]

Right Hon. John Gellibrand Hubbard, Con.

[Created a Peer as Lord Addington, July, 1887]

1887, July 27.

Vice Hubbard (new writ July 22).

Thomas Charles Baring, Con.

[Died April 2, 1891]

1891, April 18.

Vice Baring (new writ April 14).

Henry Hucks Gibbs, Con.

1891, June 3.

Vice Fowler (new writ May 28).

Sir Reginald Hanson, Bart. [Billingsgate], Con.

1892.

[Poll July 7]

Sir Reginald Hanson, Bart. [Billingsgate], Con., 10, 556.

Alban George Henry Gibbs, Con., 9, 258.

James Thornson Ritchie [Tower], Con., 4, 207.

1895.

(Elected July 12).

Sir Reginald Hanson, Bart. [Billingsgate] Con.

Alban George Henry Gibbs, Con.

[Styled " Hon." by courtesy on his father's elevation to the Peerage, Feb., 1896]

1900.

(Elected September 29).

Hon. Alban George Henry Gibbs, Con.

Sir Joseph Cockfield Dimsdale [Cornhill], Con.

[Created a Baronet, July, 1902, K.C.V.O., Nov., 1902, sworn a Privy Councillor, December 16, 1902, retired from the Court of Aldermen, December, 1902]

Mr. Gibbs was re-elected February 9, 1904 (new writ Feb. 3), having vacated his seat by acceptance of a Government contract]

1906.

[Poll January 16]

Sir Edward George Clarke, K.C., Con., 16, 019.

Hon. Alban George Henry Gibbs, Con., 15, 619.

Felix Otto Schuster, Lib., 5, 313.

Right Hon. Sir Joseph West Ridgeway, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., K.C.S.I., Lib., 5, 064.

[Mr. Gibbs vacated his seat by accepting the Stewardship of the Manor of Northstead, February 14, 1906, in order to secure the return to parliament of Mr. Balfour, who had been defeated at East Manchester at the General Election]

1906, February 27.

Vice Gibbs (new writ February 19)

Right Hon. Arthur James Balfour, Con., 15, 474.

Thomas Gibson Bowles, Free Trader, 4, 134.

[Mr. Bowles, who professed Conservatism in general politics, was the nominee of the Liberal party]

NOTES ON THE ELECTIONS FOR AND REPRESENTATIVES OF LONDON.

[Addendum to page 285.]

Since page 285, which contains the completion of the record of elections for the City up to February, 1906, was printed, another election has taken place owing to Sir Edward Clarke having vacated his seat by acceptance of the Stewardship of Northstead; his resignation was due to ill-health. The following addendum is required to bring the list up to date:

1906, June 15.

Vice Clarke (new Writ, June 11).

Sir Frederick George Banbury, Bart., Con.,

Amongst Sir F. Banbury's proposers were Aldermen Sir D. Evans and T. B. Crosby.