Buildings

Analytical Index to the Series of Records Known as the Remembrancia 1579-1664. Originally published by EJ Francis, London, 1878.

This free content was digitised by double rekeying. All rights reserved.

Citation:

'Buildings', in Analytical Index to the Series of Records Known as the Remembrancia 1579-1664, ed. W H Overall, H C Overall( London, 1878), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/index-remembrancia/1579-1664/pp41-51 [accessed 26 December 2024].

'Buildings', in Analytical Index to the Series of Records Known as the Remembrancia 1579-1664. Edited by W H Overall, H C Overall( London, 1878), British History Online, accessed December 26, 2024, https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/index-remembrancia/1579-1664/pp41-51.

"Buildings". Analytical Index to the Series of Records Known as the Remembrancia 1579-1664. Ed. W H Overall, H C Overall(London, 1878), , British History Online. Web. 26 December 2024. https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/index-remembrancia/1579-1664/pp41-51.

Buildings.

I. 99. Letter from the Lord Mayor to the Lord Treasurer, (fn. 1) acknowledging the receipt of his letter, commending to the Court of Aldermen the cause of Naylor and Smith, who had been prevented from proceeding with certain buildings, not, as they had informed him, for the size of the timber used by them, but on account of the increase of new buildings which had been erected for harbouring of poor and roguish persons, whereby the City had been greatly burdened with provision, and the commonweal annoyed by such persons. The matter had been brought by the City before the Council, who had thought it desirable that the whole subject should be submitted to Parliament for redress.
Sans date.

I. 353. Letter from Jeamys Crofte (fn. 2) and Sir Francis Walsingham to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, reciting the Queen's Proclamation dated at Nonsuch, (fn. 3) the 8th of July, in the 22nd year of her reign, commanding all persons to forbear from any new building within three miles from any of the gates of the City of London, and stating they were informed that Richard Woodrof had obtained a lease from William Chambers, Gent., of a piece of ground with buildings thereupon, in Gunpowder Alley, alias Crown Court, within the City. The interest in the lease had been conveyed to Thomas Conie, who had entered into bonds with a great penalty, over and besides the forfeiture of his lease, to re-edify the building within certain years, nearly expired, but which the City, by virtue of the said Proclamation, had prohibited under a penalty of 20l. to the Chamber of London. They request that he may be suffered to complete the building, which had been commenced before the issue of the proclamation.
12th June, 1582.

I. 495. Letter from the Lords of the Council to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, directing their attention to the Queen's proclamation prohibiting new buildings in and about the City, which gave power to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen to prevent the same, but which had been so ineffectually carried out, that buildings had greatly increased within the City and liberties, to the danger of pestilence and riot; and directing that steps should be at once taken to find out the number of houses erected, and by whom, and to certify the same to the Council, in order that the persons might be called before the Star Chamber, (fn. 4) and to take into custody the workmen refusing to obey the said Proclamation, and commit them to close prison, certifying their names to the Council.
8th April, 1583.

I. 496. Letter from the Lord Mayor to the Lord Treasurer in reply, stating that the Court of Aldermen had taken steps to ascertain the number of houses erected contrary to the Proclamation; that they understood from his Lordship, they were not to include any erected in the late dissolved monasteries and such other places, pretending exemption from the City's liberties, but that the same should rather be done by the Justices, of Middlesex, as parcel of that county, and informing his Lordship that, by the Charters of Her Majesty's progenitors, the Mayor of the City for the time being, and the Aldermen who had passed the Chair, with the Recorder, were Justices of the Peace for the County of the City of London and the suburbs thereof, in as ample a manner as any other Justices of Peace in other counties of the realm; that in like cases of certificate it had been the custom to make return of all places as well within the liberties as without, without the intervention of foreign Justices; that these places being in the heart of the City, and being daily filled with a great multitude of people of the meaner sort, it would greatly prejudice the citizens, if they should be delivered from their authority. They therefore requested his Lordship to sanction their proceeding in this certificate.
April, 1583.

I. 514. Letter from the Lords of the Council to the Lord Mayor, complaining of the number of new buildings and the dividing of single tenements within the City and suburbs, contrary to Her Majesty's Proclamation. It had been thought desirable to proceed against every person so offending, to which end the head officers of the City should be commanded to examine the former presentments, and make a new inquisition upon the oaths of indifferent persons; if the parties so charged did not make reformation, the presentment should be engrossed and returned to the Council or to the Attorney-General before the next term, so that the offenders might be called before the Star Chamber, to the end that those persons only should be changed who were culpable. The Council further direct that due inquiry should be made by a jury who should hear what answer they might make in their defence, and, if unable to justify their default, bond should be taken for their appearance personally before the Star Chamber, the first day in the next term; if they refused to give bond, they should be committed to prison. If any buildings begun before the issue of the Proclamation should be found an annoyance to Her Majesty's subjects, due inquisition should be made thereof, so that proceeding might be taken against them according to the Common Law.
21st June, 1583.

II. 17. Letter from the Lords of the Council to the Lord Mayor, directing steps to be taken to prevent the erecting and overcrowding of small tenements within the City, and that the Aldermen and their deputies in the various wards should make search, and in cases of overcrowding, remove the inmates, according to the statute (fn. 5) lately passed for that purpose.
5th October, 1593.

II. 149. Letter from the Lord Mayor to the Lords of the Council, upon the complaint of Baptist Hicks, against William Priestley, for erecting a building in Bread Street, to the annoyance of his neighbours; and recommeding that the matter in dispute be referred to trial.
9th March, 1595.

II. 190. Letter from the Lords of the Council to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, requiring them to put into execution Her Majesty's late Proclamation against the erection of new buildings, and divided tenements, and for committing to prison all persons found transgressing the Proclamation.
11th July, 1602.

II. 261. Letter from the Lord Mayor to the Lords of the Council, with a return, as ordered by them, of the new buildings lately erected, and now being erected in the City and suburbs, contrary to the order of their Lordships and the Star Chamber.
25th March, 1606.

II. 263. Letter from the Lord Mayor to the Lords of the Council, reporting the examination into a cause concerning the repairing and altering of an ancient brew-house in Southwark, by Nicholas Park, into several small tenements, contrary to the orders of the Board, and recommending that he should be allowed to divide it into not more than three tenements, but that this should not be drawn into a precedent.
May, 1606.

II. 272. Letter from the Lord Mayor to the Lord High Treasurer (the Earl Dorset) (fn. 6) acknowledging the receipt of a letter from him concerning a building erected by Humphrey Hall, prejudicial to the Common Hall of the Innholders, (fn. 7) and informing him that he had ordered the four sworn viewers (fn. 8) to inspect the same; who reported that it was built according to the custom of the City, &c.
Sans date.

II. 343. Letter from the Lord Mayor to the Countess Dowager of Derby, (fn. 9) in reply to a letter received from her on behalf of her servant, George Pendleton, concerning a house which he had divided into twenty-one tenements, to the danger of infection, and against the Proclamation of His Majesty, informing her that, falthough he had been frequently admonished, he still refused to reduce the tenements to four, and that proceedings would be taken to compel him to conform to the order.
10th February, 1608.

II. 354. Letter from the King (James I.) to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, congratulating them upon the care bestowed upon the walks of Moorfields, (fn. 10) the re-edifying of Aldgate, and the reparation of divers churches of the City; also calling their attention to the state of the steeple of St. Paul's Cathedral, and offering the sum of 500l., as a free gift towards the works, if they would take them in hand; and further appointing a commission to inquire into the expenditure of the benevolences given towards the restoration of the Cathedral.
24th July (in the first year of his reign), 1603.

III. 57. Letter from the Lord Chancellor (Ellesmere (fn. 11) ) to the Lord Mayor, enclosing a Petition presented to him by Sir Thomas Panton, (fn. 12) complaining of a wrong offered to him by one Shackley, a tailor in Fetter Lane, and also a Certificate by three of the four sworn viewers of the City in his behalf, in which it was stated that the building complained of was not only dangerous for fire, and otherwise noisome and inconvenient, but expressly contrary to His Majesty's Proclamation; and directing his special attention, firstly to the laudable customs of the City, whereby none may erect new buildings to the prejudice or annoyance of their neighbours by stopping or hindering their lights or otherwise, and secondly, suggesting that if the intended building were against the late Proclamation, it should be demolished, and Shackley and his workmen punished for contempt.
York House, 29th July, 1612.

III. 176. Letter from the Lords of the Council to the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen, informing them that, on account of the mischiefs likely to ensue through the great increase of new buildings and divided houses in and about the City, His Majesty intended to take sharp measures for remedy thereof. He therefore desired them to inform him of the number of new buildings erected within the City since Michaelmas in the first year of his reign; what new buildings had been erected on old foundations, and not with brick according to his Proclamations; the names of the builders, present owners, and tenants; the situation of such buildings and their annual value; and also to certify what houses, since the same period, had been divided, and by whom first; the owners and tenants of the parts of the houses so divided; their situation and annual value; what number of inmates, since the same period, had been harboured in any house; by whom they were first received; the present owners and tenants of such houses; their situation and annual value. All which the Council required to be certified to them in writing, by the 10th of the November ensuing.
16th October, 1614.

IV. 85. Letter from Sir Francis Bacon, Lord Keeper, to the Lord Mayor, enclosing Petition from John Halliwell, and requesting him to hear the parties speedily, and take such steps for restraining or proceeding with the building mentioned as the case should in justice require.
13th August, 1617.

The Petition of John Halliwell to the Lord Keeper is annexed. It recites that he had been in possession (without molestation or claim) of a tenement in Chancery Lane for thirty-three years, but that one Elizabeth Chare, having sent her husband into the country, on purpose to wrong the Petitioner, was erecting a tenement adjoining to his, and had pulled down his walls and undermined the foundations of his house; and it prays that she may be compelled to rebuild the same, and be restrained from building till due and legal proceedings had been had therein.

V. 41. Letter from the Commissioners for Buildings to the Lord Mayor, stating that by continual experience they found it very difficult to discover and prevent offences against His Majesty's Proclamations for buildings, without the assistance of the Constables in their several precincts. They had assembled before them the Constables of Middlesex and Surrey, to whom they had distributed several Proclamations, showing that it was with the Constables as well as the Commissioners to restrain offenders; and they begged the Lord Mayor, as a principal Magistrate and himself a Commissioner, to direct the distribution of the Proclamations enclosed among the several Constables within the City and liberties, so that all manner of new erections contrary to the Proclamations might be stayed until the Commissioners were satisfied with the mode of construction, &c.
23rd November, 1619.

V. 66. Letter from Sir Clement Edmonds (fn. 13) to the Lord Mayor, stating that the King had commanded that the Surveyor of the City's Works should attend the Lords of the Council at Whitehall, on the following day. If the City had no such officer, the Lord Mayor was to appoint a Surveyor to attend, when he would understand their Lordships' further pleasure.
27th March, 1620.

V. 67. Letter from Sir Clement Edmonds to the Lord Mayor, stating that upon information made to the King and Council of two houses erected at the west gate of St. Paul's, one a victualling house and the other a tobacco shop, a warrant for their removal against His Majesty's coming to that church had been issued, which had been duly executed. The Council had been informed that already some sheds or shops were being erected near the same place, and the Dean and Prebends had that day complained before them that they were unable to give order in the matter without the authority and assistance of a Civil Magistrate. The Lord Mayor would therefore do well to make a speedy stay of such shops and sheds, and bind over the owners and workmen to answer their contempt before the Council.
28th March, 1620.

V. 78. Letter from the Commissioners for Buildings to the Lord Mayor, similar in effect to No. 41.
22nd July, 1620.

V. 113. Letter from the King to the Commissioners for Buildings in and about the City of London, stating that, both by his own eyes and information from others, he found the boldness of people increased in attempting to frustrate that so glorious a work of building so well begun, and so honourable to himself and beneficial to his people. He therefore commanded the Commissioners with all diligence to endeavour to meet with such attempts, to take steps to suppress the abuses, and punish the offenders. He had directed the Privy Council to aid them with their authority if required, and the Attorney-General to inform in the Star Chamber against such offenders as the Commissioners desired to be made examples.
Theobalds, 21st September, 1621.

VII. 76. Petition from............ to the Lords of the Council, complaining of the multitude of newly erected tenements in Westminster, the Strand, Covent Garden, Holborn, St. Giles's, Wapping, Ratcliff, Limehouse, Southwark, and other places, which had brought great numbers of people from other parts, especially of the poorer sort, and was a great cause of beggars and other loose persons swarming about the City, who were harboured in those out places. That by these multitudes of new erections the prices of victuals were greatly enhanced, and the greater part of their soil was conveyed with the sewers in and about the City, and so fell into the Thames, to the great annoyance of the inhabitants and of the river. That if any pestilence or mortality should happen, the City was so compassed in and straitedned with these new buildings, that it might prove very dangerous to the inhabitants. They therefore prayed the Council to consider the great inconveniences of these new erections, and to be a means to the King that some restraint might be had.
Dated in margin, October, 1632.

VII. 78. Order in Council reciting the foregoing petition against newly erected tenements, and referring the subject to Lord Cottington, (fn. 14) Mr. Secretary Cooke, and Mr. Secretary Windebank, (fn. 15) with instruction to call before them such of the Commissioners for Buildings as they should think fit, and also the Attorney-General and the Recorder, and to advise on fitting remedies, reporting their proceedings to the Council.
Whitehall, 29th November, 1632.

VII. 185. Letter from the Lord Mayor to the Lords of the Council, forwarding certificate of houses built or divided in the City of London and liberties during the last seven years.
10th May, 1637.

VII. 187. Order in Council to the Lord Mayor and Sheriffs of the City, and to the Justices of the Peace of Westminster and Middlesex, reciting their former orders for the demolishing of all new buildings erected within the said cities and suburbs, contrary to His Majesty's Proclamation, and for staying the erection of certain buildings by the Earl of Bedford (fn. 16) in a passage or alley leading from Covent Garden to St. Martin's Lane; and requiring the said Lord Mayor, &c., to inquire what houses had been erected since, and contrary to, the said orders; and the said Justices to view whether the Earl of Bedford had stopped the erection of his said buildings, and to report thereon.
18th December, 1636.

VII. 190. Letter from the Lords of the Council to the Lord Mayor, requiring a survey to be made of all houses built within the last seven years for the habitation of poor people chargeable to the parish in which such houses were situate, with the names of the owners and occupiers thereof; of all houses which had been divided into several habitations within the same period, the names of the owners and occupiers, and whether any of the under-tenants were chargeable to the parish; of all houses similarly divided above seven years past and since Lady-day, 1603, with the names of the owners, &c., as before; of what inmates, placed within seven years past, in any houses whatsoever and wheresoever built, were continued;—the names of the inmates, and of those by whom they were placed and continued.
8th March, 1636.

VIII. 19. Letter from the Lords of the Council to the Lord Mayor for the appointment of four Aldermen, to see to the putting in execution of His Majesty's Proclamations for preventing the great increase of new buildings.
29th March, 1617.

VIII. 40. Letter from Sir Thomas Coventry and Sir Robert Heath (fn. 17) to the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen, requesting them to take speedy course for preventing William Oxebo… a brazier, who had taken a house in Leadenhall Street, next adjoining to that in which Mr. Auditor Sawyer (fn. 18) kept the records and accounts of His Majesty's revenues in several countries—from erecting a forge there for melting and hammering, to the great annoyance of the clerks, who were daily writing, examining, and casting accounts.
29th June, 1622.

VIII. 95. Same as No. 78, Vol. VII.
29th November, 1632.

VIII. 182. Same as No. 187, Vol. VII.
18th December, 1636.

VIII. 185. Same as No. 190, Vol. VII.
8th March, 1636.

IX. 32. Letter from Edward Nicholas (fn. 19) to the Lord Mayor, directing him to put into execution His Majesty's late Proclamation for restraining the exorbitant growth of new buildings in and about the City, and for regulating the manner of all new buildings.
September, 1661.

Footnotes

  • 1. Sir John Fortescue.
  • 2. Croft, Sir James, of Croft Castle, Herefordshire. Appointed Lord Deputy of Ireland, May 23rd, 1551; marched to Ulster against the Scotch Islanders, 1551; repaired and garrisoned the town, 1552; returned to England, December 4th, 1552; removed from his office of Constable of the Tower of London, July 7th, 1553; made a prisoner in the Tower, for supposed complicity in the Wyatt Rebellion, February 21st, 1554; tried in the Guildhall for treason, April 29th, 1554, and committed to the Tower; released, January 18th, 1555; appointed Comptroller of the Household to Queen Elizabeth, 1577; died, 1590.
  • 3. Nonsuch Palace, in the Manor of Cuddington, Surrey. It was exchanged by Sir Richard de Codington with Henry the Eighth for Little Melton in Norfolk, July 10th, 1539. The old Manor House was pulled down, and the palace begun, but it was unfinished at his death. Queen Elizabeth gave the North Park, with this Palace, to the Earl of Arundel in exchange, and that nobleman completed the building; it subsequently passed by marriage to Lord Lumley, of whom Her Majesty purchased it, and in the latter part of her reign she frequently resided in it. James the First settled Nonsuch and the Little Park upon his Queen, Anne of Denmark; it afterwards belonged to Henrietta Maria, and then to the Countess of Castlemaine, who was created Baroness of Nonsuch, Countess of Southampton, and Duchess of Cleveland. She had the palace pulled down, and the materials sold, 1672–4 After her decease, her grandson, Charles, second Duke of Grafton, sold the property in 1731. There is a description of the Palace and Park in Camden's 'Britannia'; a view will also be found in the Gentleman's Magazine for August, 1837; and see Brayley's 'Surrey,' vol. iv. pp. 6–11.
  • 4. This ancient Court dates back to very early times. In the reign of Edward the Third, 1240, it occupied the Chambre des Estoilles, near to the Exchequer at Westminster, from which it took its name. The history and constitution of the Court are given at considerable length in Letters from John Bruce, Esq., F.S.A., to the Society of Antiquaries, published in 'Archæologia,' vol. xxv., p. 342 et seq. During the reign of Henry the Seventh, says Mr. Bruce, "the Court became the instrument by which the politic rapacity of the Sovereign and the subtility of his favourites, 'promoters of suits,' accomplished their nefarious purposes." The rulers of the City of London did not escape: Sir W. Capell, Alderman of London, was fined, in 1495, a sum of 2,473l., but compounded for 1615l. 6s. 8d.; in 1505, he and his son, Giles Capell, were fined 1,000l.; they paid 100l. down, and gave recognizance for 900l. In 1507 Sir William was again fined, but refused to pay; he was thereupon sent to the Tower, but was released upon the death of Henry the Seventh. Sir Thomas Kneysworth, Lord Mayor in 1505–6, and Richard Shore and Roger Grove, his two Sheriffs, were brought before the Council; Kneysworth and Shore were fined 500l., and Grove 133l. 6s. 8d., besides imprisonment in the Marshalsea. Kebell, and Alderman, was fined 1,000 marks; Sir Lawrence Alymer, Lord Mayor in 1507–8, refusing to compound, was kept in prison till the death of Henry the Seventh. ('Archæologia,' vol. xxv., p. 370 et seq.)
  • 5. 35 Elizabeth, c. 6, 1593. It declares that "great mischiefs daily grow and increase by reason of pestering the houses with divers families, harbouring of inmates, and converting great houses into several tenements, and the erecting of new buildings in London and Westminster."
  • 6. Thomas Sackville, first Earl. Son of Sir Richard Sackville, Knight, of Buckhurst, in the County of Sussex, a Member of the Privy Council in the reigns of Mary and Elizabeth, who married Winifred, the youngest daughter of Sir John Brydges, or Bruges, Knight, Draper, Lord Mayor in 1520, and left issue by her the above-named Thomas Sackville, created Baron Buckhurst, June 8th, 1567; Lord High Treasurer in 1594; advanced to the Earldom of Dorset, March 13th, 1603–4; died April 19th, 1608— and Anne Sackville, wife of Gregory Lord Dacre (the foundress of Emanuel Hospital, Westminster, still administered by the Lord Mayor and Aldermen), who died May 14th, 1595. Winifred Sackville, the widow of Sir Richard, subsequently married John, second Marquis of Winchester.
  • 7. The Company existed as the Hostelers' Company in 1446; called the Innholders by order of the Court of Aldermen, 1473; incorporated by Henry the Eighth, 1515; re-incorporated by Charles the Second, December 21st, 1644.
  • 8. Sworn Viewers were appointed by the Court of Aldermen from a very early period. The practice, although in some instances departed from, was to appoint to these offices two Master Carpenters and two Master Masons. Mr. Jupp, in his 'History of the Carpenters' Company,' gives much interesting information, with extracts from the Civic Records, concerning these Officers. The Fire Act of 1666–7, 18 & 19 Charles II., cap. 8, sec. 2, continued them, with greatly increased powers, under the title of Surveyors. John Ogilby and William Morgan, two of these Surveyors or Sworn Viewers, subsequently surveyed the whole City, and published a most accurate ground plan in 1677, a copy of which is preserved in the Guildhall Library.
  • 9. Probably Margaret, only child of Henry Clifford, Earl of Cumberland; widow of Henry, fourth Earl of Derby.
  • 10. These fields were partly drained by Thomas Falconer, Mayor, in 1415; William Hampton, Mayor in 1472, continued the work. In 1498, all the gardens, which had continued time out of mind without Moorgate, were destroyed, and a plain field made for the practice of archery; and in the Mayoralty of Roger Acheley, 1512, bridges and dykes were constructed. In 1598, Sir Thomas Seymour, Lord Mayor, caused divers sluices to be made, to convey the waste waters over the Town ditch, and so by degrees this Fenn, or Moor, at length was made hard ground, and windmills erected thereon.,—Stowe, edit. 1598.
  • 11. Thomas Egerton, appointed Solicitor-General, June 28th, 1581; Treasurer of Lincoln's Inn, 1587; Attorney-General, June 2nd, 1592; Knighted, 1593; Master of the Rolls, April 10th, 1594; Lord-Keeper, 1596; Lord Chancellor and Baron Ellesmere, July 19th, 1603; Viscount Brackley, November, 1616; died March 15th, 1617.
  • 12. Of Denbighshire; Knighted at Royston, March 12th, 1607; in 1610 appointed Gentleman Extraordinary of the Privy Chamber to Prince Henry.
  • 13. Son of Sir Thomas Edmonds, Comptroller of the Household of King Henry the Eighth. Born in Shropshire, educated at Oxford, where he took his degree of M.A., 1593. Joined with Dr. Fletcher in the place of Remembrancer, as "a Colleague and Assistant, May 2nd and October 1st, 1601; admitted Remembrancer, loco Dr. Fletcher, surrendered July 2nd, 1605. The 'Calendar of State Papers,' 1608, contains the following note:—"A Warrant signed, to pay Clements Edmonds, Secretary of the City of London, 133l. 13s. 4d., for drawing the assurance to be made by the King (James the First) for great sums of money borrowed of the said City, March 30th, 1608." Surrendered his office of Remembrancer, July 27th, 1609. Appointed Clerk of the Council for life, August 13th, 1609. The office of Muster-Master General granted to him for life, Oct. 4th, 1613. Sent on a mission by the King to Holland to inquire into the disputes between the Merchants of the Greenland and East India Companies, 1615; returned 1617. Knighted at Enfield by James the First, September 23rd, 1617. He purchased the Manor of Preston, in the hundred of Wimersley, Northamptonshire, of the family of Hertwell. He died of apoplexy, at his house in St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, October 12th, 1622, and was buried in the church of St. Peter and Paul, at Preston aforesaid, where a monument to his memory still exists. He was a man of considerable abilities and an author of repute. He published a translation of the 'Commentaries of Julius Cæsar,' 1600—1609. It was republished, with a Life of Cæsar and an account of his meadals, in 1677. Copies of this work, and of his 'Observations on the Landing of Forces designed for the invasion of a Country, &c.,' are preserved in the Library of the Corporation. See Brydges's 'Northamptonshire'; Wood's 'Athenæ Oxonienses'; Nichols's 'Progresses of King James the First'; Calendars of State Papers; Corporation Records. Sir Thomas Edmonds, of Devon, Secretary of Queen Elizabeth in the French tongue, Ambassador, Comptroller of the Household and Treasurer to James the First, by whom he was knighted, May 20th, 1603, has been often confounded with Sir Clement Edmonds.
  • 14. Francis Cottington, Secretary to Charles, Prince of Wales; created a Baronet, February 16th, 1623; Chancellor and Under Treasurer of the Exchequer on the accession of Charles the First; created Lord Cottington, July 10th, 1631; Lord Treasurer during the King's absence in Scotland, 1633–4; died in exile, 1653.
  • 15. Sir Francis Windebank, eldest Son of Sir Thomas, Windebank, of Haines Hill, Berks; educated at St. John's College, Oxford; Archbishop Laud obtained for him the Secretaryship of State, June 15th, 1632; M.P. for Corfe Castle in 1639–40, in the latter year he was accused before the House of Commons of favouring the Jesuits, Recusants, &c., when he fled to France; after the battle of Edgehill he came to England, but failing to obtain an interview with the King, he returned to France and died at Paris in September, 1646.
  • 16. Francis, fourth Earl of Bedford, Succeeded to the title, 1627; died, 1641.
  • 17. Called to the Bar, 1603; appointed Recorder, Nov. 10th, 1618; resigned, 1620; M.P. for London and Solicitor-General, January 22nd, 1621; Attorney-General, Oct. 31st, 1625; created Serjeant, October 24th, 1631; Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, Oct. 26th, 1631; discharged Sept. 14th, 1634; King's Serjeant, Oct. 12th, 1636; appointed Justice of the King's Bench, Jan. 23rd, 1641; Master of the Court of Wards and Liveries, May 13th, 1641; Chief Justice of the King's Bench, Oct. 31st, 1643; impeached by Parliament, July 24th, 1644; fled to France, 1646; died at Calais, August. 30th, 1649.
  • 18. Knighted (Sir Edmund), February 24th, 1624–5. His first wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Alderman Robert Parkhurst (Sheriff, 1624; Mayor, 1634). His second wife was Anne, daughter of Sir William Whitmore, of Apley, Salop.
  • 19. Eldest son of John Nicholas, of Winterborne Earles, Wilts. Educated at Queen's College, Oxford. A Member of the Middle Temple; Secretary to Lord Zouch, Warden of the Cinque Ports, 1619–22; to the Duke of Buckingham, 1624–28; Secretary of State, 1641. He was also Clerk of the Council. He followed the fortunes of King Charles the Second in exile, and after the Restoration was restored to office. Through the intrigues of Lady Castlemaine He resigned, October 2, 1662. On his resignation the King offered him a peerage, which he declined. Knighted in 1665. He died September 1, 1669, and was buried at West Horsley, Surrey. He married Jane, daughter of Henry Jay, of Holveston, Norfolk, Citizen and Draper; Sheriff, 1613; elected Alderman of Farringdon Without, October 12, 1613. Dr. Matthew Nicholas, his brother, was Dean of Bristol in 1639, and on the Restoration became Dean of St. Paul's. He died August 15, 1661. See Manning and Bray's 'Surrey,' Blomefield's 'Norfolk,' and Le Neve's 'Knights,' &c.
PreviousTable of contentsNext