Table to the Journal of the Lords

The Journals of All the Parliaments During the Reign of Queen Elizabeth. Originally published by Irish University Press, Shannon, Ire, 1682.

This free content was digitised by double rekeying. All rights reserved.

Citation:

Simonds d'Ewes, 'Table to the Journal of the Lords', in The Journals of All the Parliaments During the Reign of Queen Elizabeth( Shannon, Ire, 1682), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/jrnl-parliament-eliz1/pp705-710 [accessed 31 October 2024].

Simonds d'Ewes, 'Table to the Journal of the Lords', in The Journals of All the Parliaments During the Reign of Queen Elizabeth( Shannon, Ire, 1682), British History Online, accessed October 31, 2024, https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/jrnl-parliament-eliz1/pp705-710.

Simonds d'Ewes. "Table to the Journal of the Lords". The Journals of All the Parliaments During the Reign of Queen Elizabeth. (Shannon, Ire, 1682), , British History Online. Web. 31 October 2024. https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/jrnl-parliament-eliz1/pp705-710.

An Alphabetical TABLE Directing to the principal matters contained in the JOURNAL OF THE House of LORDS.

A.

Absence of a Peer to be with licence from the Prince (whereas of a Commoner, from that House only.) p. 539. 543. The reason of absence ought to be signified to the House by one of the Peers, and not by other Information. p. 605 Acts how passed by the Sovereign. p. 35. Acts of Grace how. ibid. How Acts are transcribed and certified into the Rolls. ibid. All the Acts at one Session passed by the Lord Chief Justice by vertue of Letters Patents from the Queen. p. 389

Addition, Vide Amendment.

Adjourn, why the Lords commonly adjourn for several dayes at the beginning of a Session. p. 270. The form of Letters Patents to certain Lords to adjourn the Parliament. p. 317. The Sovereign may adjourn the Parliament, as well as the Parliament adjourn it self. p. 318. An Adjournment maketh no new Session as a Prorogation doth. ibid. The Parliament adjourned by the Queens Commissioners, without a particular Commission. p. 382

Amendments of Bills by the Lords sent from the Commons, how made. p. 20. They use to be written in paper. ibid. and p. 26. When a Bill has once passed the Lords and is sent down to the Commons, if these make additions or amendments thereof, the Lords upon the return of the Bill read them only, and not the Bill it self. p. 271. The Lords having ingrossed Amendments to a certain Bill in parchment, the Commons will not allow of them, but return the Bill with the Amendments, to have these writ in paper. p. 534 A Bill sent from the Commons, receiving Amendments and Additions in the House of Lords, the Orders of this House will not permit that the Lords should consent to any alterations of such Amendmetns or Additions, by the Commons. p. 537. If one Committee differ from the rest in some Amendments of a Bill, he may give his reasons of such dissent to the House, when the Bill is brought in again. p. 603. An Amendment of a Proviso (added to a Bill in the Upper House) agreed upon by the Committees of both Houses at a Conference, it is consented unto by the whole Upper House that the Amendment shall be made in the House of Commons, and be sent up in paper to the Lords to be by them inserted in the Proviso. p. 616.

Answers by the Lord Keeper given unto Messages sent from the House of Commons, use to be given by him sitting with his Hat on, and all the Lords keeping their places. p. 439, 440

Apparel, a Bill against buying it without ready money, save by men of such a degree. p. 69, 70. A Bill to avoid excess in it. p. 112. dashed. p. 134. Another for not buying wares sold for Apparel without ready money, dashed. p. 188. Another Bill for reformation of excess in Apparel. p. 228. another for the same p. 424. another having passed the Commons, is rejected by the Lords, and why. p. 594

Arch-bishops, a Bill declaring the manner of making and consecrating of them and other Bishops to be good. p. 108. 110. Arch-bishop of Canterbury the first Peer of the Realm. p. 140

Assistants, Vide Committees.

Attach, No Peer to be Attached during the Sessions of Parliament. p. 203. nor any of their Menial Servants committed to Prison. p. 314. 323. 530, &c. but other of their Servants may. p. 315. two committed close Prisoners to the Fleet for arresting a Servant of the Lord Clandeis. p. 530. another also for arresting the Arch-bishop of Canterbury's Servant. p. 532. on what conditions they have their enlargement. p. 533. A question moved, whether an ordinary servant of the Queens, being no Parliament-man, be priviledged from being attached in the time of Parliament. p. 603, 604, 606. When a servant of a Peer is committed to Prison upon Execution, resolved that he shall be brought to the House, not by issuing out a Writ of priviledge of Parliament to the Sheriff, but by immediate order from the House to the Gentleman Usher or Serjeant at Arms. p. 605. but the contrary resolved upon search of Precedents, and the Lord Keeper to make out the Writ. p. 608

Queens Attorney made a Joint-Committee with the Lords. p. 142

Award: Ordered that if the parties at variance will not enter into such Bond as is appointed by the House, to stand to the Award of such Lords as the matter is referr'd to, they shall be committed to Prison. p. 618

B.

Babington's Conspiracy, 28 Eliz. a Parliament called thereupon. p. 375

Bacon (Sir Nicholas) made Lord Keeper 1 Eliz p. 1. his Speech to the first Parliament of the Queen in an. 1. of her Reign. p. 11. His Speech to the Speaker of the House of Commons (in the same Parliament) at his admission. p. 15. and his Reply to the Speakers disabling himself, and to his Petitions. p. 16. His Reply to the Speaker's Speech at the end of this Session. p. 31, 32, 33. His Speech to the Parliament 5 Eliz. p. 59. at the end of the Session. p. 75. and so at the beginning and end of each Session, (during his life) till 23 Eliz. when he was succeeded by Sir Thomas Bromley. p. 226

Baron, Lord Chief Baron, who is but an Assistant to the Upper House, made a Committee. p. 108, 109

Belgrave (a Member of Parliament) his Case, against whom was preferred a Bill in the Star-Chamber for a misdemeanour against a Peer. p. 612

Bills usually not spoken to upon the first reading. p. 17. Precedents of the contrary. ibid. When a Bill has past one House, it is seldom Committed or Ordered to be Ingrossed by the other, and why. ibid. and p. 19, 20. 147, 148. 326. sometimes Committed upon the first reading, Precedents thereof. p. 17, 18, 69. sometimes neither Committed nor Ingrossed either upon the first or second reading. p. 111. the manner of delivering a Bill from the House of Lords to the House of Commons. p. 19. the manner of passing of a Bill. ibid. Bills of Grace seldom Committed nor Ingrossed, and why. p. 20. sometimes have but one reading. p. 73. 91. 464. how passed into Acts. p. 116. Bills sometimes (in Queen Elizabeths time) not ingrossed till the day after the second reading, but now always on the same day. p. 26, 27. The manner of giving the Royal Assent unto such Bills as are passed into Acts, and of disallowing those that are not. p. 35. 76. 116. A Bill is sometimes rejected after it has passed the third reading. p. 271. A Bill passed by the Lords and rejected by the Commons, the Lords expect an account of the reasons of such rejection. p. 272, 273. Bills of general pardon, and of Subsidies, not passed into Acts like other Bills. p. 274. 328. When Bills are sent up from the Commons, the Lord Keeper and the rest of the Lords are to arise from their places, and to go down to the Bar to receive them. p. 439, 440

Bishops are commanded to reform abuses in Religion. p. 345. Why their names are placed on the dexter side of the Journal of the Upper House. p. 422. Vide Popish, and Arch-bishop.

Bloud, Vide Restitution in Bloud.

Bromley (Sir Thomas) made Lord Chancellor 22 Eliz. p. 226. he died in April 29 Eliz. p. 419

Lord Burleigh his place in Parliament. p. 543

C.

Canterbury, Vide Arch-bishop.

Chancellor, a Bill declaring his Authority and that of the Lord Keeper to be all one. p. 70. Letiers Patents to the Lord Chief Justice to supply his place when absent. p. 143

A Bill that Chancellors, Commissaries, &c. shall be Graduates in one University. p.72

Clergy, Vide Subsidy.

Coaches, a Bill to restrain the excessive use of them within this Realm, in 43 Eliz. p. 602.

Collection of money for the poor usually made towards the end of a Parliament. p. 616.

Commissions to certain Lords to Prorogue the Parliament. p. 77. 93, 94. 274. Verbal Commission to the Lord Treasurer to supply the Lord Keepers place. p. 99. A Commission in writing to the Lord chief justice to the same purpose. p. 102. (383.) a revocation of the same. p. 108. A Commission 35. Lords, or any three of them, to dissolve the Parliament. p. 275. the like. p. 329. and 389. A Commission to three Lords to supply the Queens place in the Parliament. 28 & 29 Eliz. p. 377. These Lords are stiled Lords Lieutenants. p. 378. The Parliament cannot be dissolved without a Commission, unless the Sovereign be present to give the command to the Lord Keeper, &c. p. 547.

Committees, the Judges, Queen's Serjeants, Baron, &c. made Joint-Committees with the Lords, vide Judges, Serjeant, Baron, &c. An Order of the House, that a Committee who disallows the Amendments of a Bill, or something in the body of the Bill it self, may give his reasons to the House when the Bill is brought in again. p. 603. A Bill may be delivered to the eldest or youngest Baron of a Committee, or indifferently to any of them. p. 607. 610. Two Committees for two several Bills, made one Committee for both Bills. p. 607

Common Prayer, vide Uniformity.

Conference to be had, before a Bill passed either House, be rejected by the other. p. 272, 273. 388. Vide the Table to the Journal of the House of Commons.

Contribution of two shillings in the pound made by the Lords towards the Queens extraordinary charge in defence of the Realm. p. 387. Contribution made by them for relief of such poor Souldiers as went begging in the Streets of London. p. 462. An Order that such Lords as were absent the whole Session should pay double to what others did, who constantly attended the service of the House; and those that came but seldom to the House, a third part more. p. 463, 464

Convocation-days, the House of Lords either sit not, or do little business on them. p. 67

Crown, a Bill restoring to it the ancient jurisdiction over the State Ecclesiastical and Spiritual, &c. p. 28

D.

A Bill for Denization of Peregrine Berty and Katharine Dutchess of Suffolk his Wife. p. 145. of William Watson. p. 148

Dissolve, vide Commissions.

Doctors of the Civil Law, made Joint-Committees with the Lords. p. 145

E.

Egerton (Sir Thomas) made Lord Keeper 38 Eliz. p. 522. His Speech to the Parliament 39 and 40 Eliz. p. 524.

Q. Elizabeth enter'd on the Government Nov. 17. ann. Dom. 1558. p. 1. and within nine weeks summons a Parliament, viz. Jan 23. ibid. A Bill in that Parliament to make her inheritable to the late Q. Anne her Mother. p. 19. she is averse from declaring a Successor. p. 107. 127, 128. Her sharp Speech to the Parliament (in ann. 8 and 9.) for their Petition to that purpose. p. 116. She remitteth the third payment of a Subsidy, to take the Parliament off from urging her to declare a Successor. p. 131. Her Pious Speech at the end of the Session 27. of her Reign. p. 328. In the Parliament 28 and 29 of her Reign (called upon the discovery of Balingtons conspiracy) she appeared not in person, but gave Commission to three Lords to supply her place, with the title of Lords Lieutenants. p. 377, 378. Both Houses petition her to execute the sentence upon Mary Queen of Scots, with her Answer thereto. p. 380, 381, 382. Her Speech at the end of the Parliament in 35 of her Reign. p. 466. Her great success against the Spaniard set forth in a Speech by the Lord Keeper. p. 599. Jewels given to her Physicians to poyson her. p. 599

G.

GArgrave (Sir Thomas) chosen Speaker to the Commons in the Parliament holden 1 Eliz. p. 15. (and 40.) The manner of his disabling himself to the House first, and then to the Queen. ibid. His Petitions of course on behalf of the House of Commons. p. 16. His Speech at the conclusion of the Session. p. 31

Gavelkind what, and in what places it obtaineth. p. 272. A Bill to enable the owners of Gavelkind Lands in the County of Kent to alter the said Custom p. 533

Gentleman-Usher of the House claims right to bring such persons before the Upper House as are accused of breach of priviledge, and sayes it does not belong to the Serjeant at Arms. p. 603. He is sent for an ordinary servant of the Queens committed to the Fleet for debt upon Execution, and for him that arrested him. p. 605. 607. This not to injure the Serjeant at Arms in his pretensions to that office. p. 607

Grace, Vide Bills and Acts.

H.

Hatton (Sir Christopher) made Chancellor 29 Eliz. upon the death of Sir Thomas Bromley. p. 419

Herald at Arms in ordinary to the Queen not to have priviledge from Arrest, on account of the Session of Parliament. p. 608. 611

Hexamshire, a Bill to annex it to the County of Northumberland, and its Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction to the Bishoprick of Durham (8 & 9 Eliz.) p. 103. but not passed into an Act till 14 Eliz. p. 200

Horses, a Bill against conveying them into Scotland I Eliz. being a revival of an Act made 23 H.8. p. 21, 22

Lord Hunsdon's place in Parliament between the Lord Chandois and the Lord St John of Bletso. p. 530. 543

I.

Ingrossing of a Bill, what. p. 18. Vide Bills.

Injunctions to stop proceeding at Law in Parliament time. p. 21

Judges (who are but assistants to the Upper House) made Joint Committees with the Lords. p. 67. 71. 99. and so in every Parliament till 39, 40 Eliz. p. 142. 527. but only to consider of some ordinary Bill, and which concerned matter of Law; for they were never of such Committees as were to have Conference with the Commons, p. 423. They have leave from the Lord Chancellor or Keeper to sit covered in the House, but are always uncovered at a Committee. p. 527

K.

Keeper, vide Chancellor.

Kentish-Street in Southwark, a Bill for the paving of it, 8 and 9 Eliz. p. 112

L.

The River Lee, a Bill to bring it to the North-side of London (13 Eliz.) p. 150

Low-Country Wars, a voluntary contribution of both Houses towards the maintaining of them. p. 387

M.

Marry (see the word in the Table to the Journal of the House of Commons) the Queen Petition'd by the House of Lords to marry, with her Answer. p. 105. 107. The advice and consent of the Parliament often required for the marrying of the Kings of England. p. 117, 119. Earl Marshal his place in Parliament is betwixt the Lord Chamberlain and the Lord Steward p. 535

Queen Mary died Nov. 17. 1558. in the sixth year of her Reign. p. 1

Mary Queen of Scots, Vide the Table to the Commons Journal.

Mason (Anthony) Esq; Clerk of the Upper House 13 Eliz. p. 137. He is succeeded by Thomas Smith Esquire, in the Parliament 39 & 40 Eliz. p. 522

Melcomb Regis, Vide Weymouth.

Messages sent from the House of Commons to the Upper House, are received by the Lord Keeper and the rest of the Lords at the Bar, whither they are to go and meet those that come from the Commons. p. 539, 540

Mises not to be paid by the Shires of Wales and County Palatine of Chester when Subsidies are paid, nor the contrary. p. 20.

Monopolies Petition'd against in 39 & 40 Eliz. which the Queen judges an invasion of her Prerogative. ibid.

N.

A Bill of Naturalization of Gerson Wroth a German p. 22. of William Sidney and his Wife, and of Sir John Wingfield and his Lady. p. 462. of Justice Dormer and George Sheppy. p. 464. of Samuel Saltingstal. p. 488

Newgate, the Keeper of it committed to the Fleet for not obeying an Order of the Lords for the bringing of one that was Prisoner there upon Execution and was Servant to a Peer. p. 608

Duke of Norfolk, a Bill for the confirmation of his marriage with the Lady Margaret his Wife (1 Eliz) p. 22. and for the assurance of certain Lands for her Jointure. p. 25

Earl of Nottingham his place in Parliament betwixt the Earl of Lincoln and Lord Viscount Bindon. p. 543

O.

Objections against a Bill by the Lords denied to be given in writing to the Commons till Conference first had. p. 536

Onslow (Richard) chosen Speaker in the Parliament held 8, & 9 Eliz. his Speeches to the Queen at his Confirmation. p. 97, 98. at the Dissolution of that Parliament. p. 114, 115

P.

The Painters having presented a Bill against the Plaisterers which passed not the Upper House, it is Ordered by that House, that their complaint shall be heard and adjudged by the Lord Mayor, Recorder, & c. p. 617

Pardon, Vide Bills

Parliament, which is the first and last day thereof, or of a particular Session p. 9. The manner of the Sovereign and Peers sitting in Parliament. p. 10. 59. 96. the manner of setting down the presence of the Peers in the Journal Book. p. 62

Passing of Bills, Vide Bills.

Patents of priviledge petition'd against in the Parliament 39 & 40 Eliz. which the Queen construes to be a violation of her Prerogative. p. 547

Peers to be of age before they fit in the House. p. 11. 96. how attired. p. 11. Vide Parliament.

Popish Bishops suffered to sit in the Parliament 1 Eliz. but turn'd out of their Sees at the end of the Session. p. 23. How they opposed divers Bills. ibid. and p. 28. 30. a dispute betwixt them and some English men come from Geneva. p. 53

Presence of the Peers how marked. p. 62, & 111.

Priviledge, Vide Attach.

The solemn Procession of the Queen and House of Lords at the opening of the Parliament 5 Eliz. p. 58. and 13 Eliz. p. 136

Prorogation, Vide Writ. The Sovereign after a Prorogation comes not to the Parliament with that solemnity, as is usual at the first meeting. p. 95. After the end of a Prorogation a new Session beginneth. p. 318.

Provisoes when added by the Lords unto Bills sent up to them from the Commons, are written in Parchment. p. 26

Proxie, the form of the Licence from the Queen to a Peer to make one. p. 3. a Peer (ordinarily) does not make one without such licence. p. 270. The form of making a Proxy, and entring it in the Journal-Book. p. 4. and 8. The nature and use of a Proxy, and the form of returing them. p. 5. What an absent Peer used to forfeit, if he constituted no Proxy. p. 6. The form of making a Proxy without licence from the Sovereign. ibid. The form of revoking a Proxy. p. 7. How many Proxies one Peer is capable of receiving. p. 8, 9. 58. 101. 196. 598. (where (as also p. 314.) is mentioned an Order of the Lords 2 Car. I. that from thenceforth no Lord should be capable of above two Proxies.) A Commoner can constitute no Proxy, and why. P. 9. A spititual Lord does not now appoint a Temporal Lord for his Proxy (nor on the contrary) but formerly they did. p. 58. 378. A Temporal Lord usually constitutes but one Proxy, and a Spiritual two. p. 101. Yet a Spiritual Lord sometimes appoints but one, sometimes three. p. 196. 460, 461. and also a Temporal sometimes two. ibid. Proxies are appointed after a Prorogation, as well as at the beginning of a Parliament. p. 268. They may be delivered into the hands of the Clerk as well before the Parliament begin, as after. p. 311. Why Bishops Proxies are entred before those of the Temporal Lords. p. 523. 598. In the former part of the Queens Reign they were entred in the Journal Book with express mention of the several dayes on which they were returned; but in the latter part thereof and since, only generally. p. 597

Serjeant Puckering, Lord Keeper in 35 Eliz. p. 456. His Speech to the Parliament held that year. p. 457, 458. He dies in 38 Eliz. Anno Domini 1596. p. 522

R.

Reading, Vide Bills.

Receivors and Tryors of Petitions in the House of Lords, the manner of entring them in the Journal Book. p. 14, 15

A Bill for Recognition of the Queens Title to the crown of England. p. 18

Restitution in bloud of Sir James Crost, a Bill for it. p. 21. of Sir Henry Gate. ibid. of John Lord Grey. ibid. of Robert Rudston. ibid. of Henry Howard. p. 22. of the Sons and Daughters of Edward Lewkenor. p. 25. of Katherine Wife to the Lord Berkely, and of her Sisters. p. 27. 54, 55. of Gregory Fynes. ibid. of Lord Dacres of the South. p. 55. of Ann Thomas, Thomas Isely, Thomas Diggs, Thomas Brook, William Cromer, Cutbert Vaughan, &c. p. 68. of Arch-bishop Cranmer's and Lord Husseys Children. p. 69. of Sir Ralph Chamberlain, John Harleston, and William West. ibid. and p. 70. of Sir Peter Carew and Edward Turner. p. 70. of Sir Thomas Wyats Children. p. 146. of Henry Brereton Esq; p. 147. of John Lord Stourton, his Brothers and Sisters. p. 230. (Vid. p. 261, 262.) the Bills dashed. p. 264, 265. of Henry Lord Norris of Ricaut. p. 231. of Anthony Mayney. ibid. and 273. of Thomas Howard Son of Thomas Howard Duke of Norfolk. p. 317. of Sir Thomas Parrot. p. 510

S.

A Saving requisite in every Bill. p. 464 Queens Serjeants though but Attendants on the House, made Committees. p. 99. 108. Though they are to attend upon the Upper House as councellors, yet they have no voice there, but may in the House of Commons, if Members thereof. p. 249

Serjeant at Arms whether to be employed to take into custody those that are accused of breach of priviledge of the Upper House, or whether the Gentleman Usher. p. 603. He is ordered to bring before the House a Lords Servant committed upon an Arrest to Newgate, as also him that Arrested him, for breach of Priviledge. p. 607. This not to injure the Gentleman Usher's pretensions to that right. ibid.

Under-Sheriff of Surrey committed to Prison for aiding the Arrest of an ordinary Servant of the Queen in Parliament time. p. 606

Thomas Smith Esq; made Clerk of the House of Lords 39 Eliz. p. 522

Queens Solicitour made a Joint-Committee with the Lords. p. 142. Being chosen a Member of the House of Commons, he is demanded of them to attend there, but denied by the Lords. p. 424

Spain's design against England set out in a Speech by the Lord Keeper. p. 599. See the word in the Table to the Journal to the House of Commons.

Spilman (Francis) Clerk of the House of Lords in the Parliament 1 Eliz. p. 14. continued in that place in the Parliaments held 5 Eliz. and 8 & 9 Eliz. but in 13 Eliz. succeeded by Anthony Mason. p. 136

Spiritual Lords, why their Names are set down in the Journal Book before those of the Temporal. p. 598

Star-Chamber dayes, the Lords seldom sate on them. p. 67

Bills of Subsidy sent from the Commons seldom alter'd by the Lords. p. 69. Subsidies granted by the Clergy always ingrossed in Latin, but the confirmation thereof in Parliament is in English. p. 229. The Subsidy of the Clergy should be sent to the Commons in a Skin of Parchment under the Sovereigns hand and seal. p. 688. The body of the Grant of the Subsidies of the Clergy is but once read in the House, but the preface and confirmation of it, thrice. p. 615. Bills of Subsidy how passed into Acts. p. 274. Three Subsidies not granted at once before 35 Eliz. and then with a Proviso, that it should not be drawn into a Precedent: yet the like number were granted the next Parliament, viz. 39, & 40 Eliz. and four in the next after that, viz. 43 Eliz. p. 547 615

Succession to the Crown, how many pretended to it in Queen Elizabeths time. p. 104

Successor, the Queen Petition'd to declare her Successor. p. 105

Summon, Vide Writ.

Sunday, a Bill (in 43 Eliz.) that Fairs or Markets shall not be holden thereon. p. 613

Supremacy, a Bill for restoring it to the Imperial Crown of this Realm, and repealing divers Statutes to the contrary, 1 Eliz. p. 21. 23. Many proofs that in the darkest times of Popery the Kings of England did judge it to belong to them. p. 24

T

Tonnage and Poundage, a Bill for them I Eliz. p. 19

Trinity Hall in Cambridge, a Bill for the Incorporation of it. p. 22

Tryors of Petitions, Vide Receivors.

U.

Vacat, what the word means when set before the entrance of the return of a Proxy. p. 7

A Bill for Uniformity of Common Prayer, &c passed (I Eliz.) though opposed by several. p. 30

Universities, A Bill for the Incorporation of them (13 Eliz.) p. 149

Voices affirmative and negative when equal in number, the negative carry it. p. 605

Usher, Vide Gentleman Usher.

W.

Lord de la Ware his Case, p. 526. his place in Parliament is determined to be between the Lord Willoughby of Eresby and the Lord Berkeley. p. 528

Warrant, the form of one to the Lord Chancellor (or Keeper) to issue out Writs for Summoning a Parliament. p. 2

Weymouth and Melcomb Regis, a Bill for the uniting of them into one Corporation (13 Eliz.) p. 149.

Williams (Tho.) Speaker in the House of Commons (5 Eliz.) his Speeches to the Queen at his confirmation. p. 63, 64. at the ending of the Session. p. 74. he died before the Session of the same Parliament 8 & 9 Eliz. p. 95

Writ, the form of the Writ whereby a Peer is Summoned to Parliament, with its differences in regard of the Temporal and Spiritual Lords. p. 2. The Writ for Proroguing the Parliament. p. 3. 57. 77. 93. 419.