Index

Accounting see bookkeeping

accounts, 5, 10, 28-37, 47, 49, 63, 77, 83, 100, 103, 109, 111, 121, 128-31, 137-8, 142, 149, 152

acknowledgements, xix, 57-8, 88

Acts of Parliament
-, 11 Henry VII c.7, 16
-, 11 Henry VII c.15, 16
-, 23 Elizabeth c.1, 17, 20
-, 27 Elizabeth c.12, 16
-, 29 Elizabeth c.6, 17, 20
-, 3 James I c.4, 17, 20
-, 13 & 14 Charles II c.12, xiii
-, 30 Charles II stat.2, 17-21
-, 9 George I. c.7, xx

Albury, John, 110

Aldworth
-, Ann, 14
-, Henry, 126-7
-, Richard, 15

alligar (alegar), 134

Allin, Abraham, 30

Amey, Thomas, 17

ancient friends, xiv, xvi, xix, xxi, 7, 23, 46, 54, 56-7, 59, 68, 72, 74, 80, 82, 87-8, 97, 104-6, 108, 131, 141, 145, 151-2, 154

Ansel
-, John, 61
-, Joseph, 61

Antrobus, Benjamin, 58

apprenticeship, 11, 37, 46, 68, 130, 145

arithmetic, 11, 42, 94, 107

assizes
-, Appleby, 20
-, Cambridge, 17

Atterwood, Edward, 30

Baker, Jacob, 17

Banks, John, 132

Barclay, Robert, 1

Barnard, John, 148

Barr, George, xv

Baskervill, Thomas, 147

Basnett, Richard, 16

Bates, Edward, 28

Beadle, Elizabeth, 58

beadles, 1, 16

Beard, Nathaniel, 110

Bell
-, Benjamin, 148
-, Jacob, 148

Bellers, John, viii-xiii, xv, xix, 90, 92

benefactions, ix, 46, 68, 105; see also legacies

Benson, Charles, 127

bill of fare, 7, 45, 68, 80-2, 88, 97-9, 104-5, 115, 120, 141, 146, 150, 154-5; see also diet

Bills, John, 62

Board of Trade, xii-xiii

Boehme, Jacob, 1

bonds, 127

bookkeeping, 1, 10-11, 89, 123

Booth, William, 90-1

Bostock, Henery, 17

Brady, William, 113-14

brewhouse, xv

brewing, 10, 49, 51, 73, 84, 95, 119

Bridewell Walk, xiv

Bristol, xix

Bull, John, 124

Bunhill Fields, vii

Burford, Edward, 26, 125-6

Burroughs, John, 126

Burton, Jonathan, 1

Byard, George, 30

Cakly, William, 148

Cambridgeshire friends, 17

camphor, 139

candles, 95, 155

capitalism, ix

Carr, Edward, 87

Cary, John, xii-xiii, xix

casks, 134

ceremony, 133

Chalk, Joseph, 2

charity, viii, 86, 108, 145

Chester, 62

Child, Sir Francis, xix

children, vii, xiv, xvii, xix, xxi, 84, 88, 104-5, 107-8, 113, 120, 122, 130, 132, 137-8, 141, 145, 147, 151, 153-5; see also education, employments

Christian-Love Poor, xxi

Claridge, Richard, 87

Clark
-, Edward, 58
-, Margrat, 58
-, Nathaniel, 131

Clay, Elizabeth, 135

Clayton, Robert, xii

Clements Lane, vii

Clerkenwell, Quaker workhouse at, passim
-, accommodation in, xiv-xv, 88, 99, 113; cellars, xiv; kitchen, 23, 39, 97, 113; pantry, 97; parlour, xiv, 86, 97, 118; stable, xv, 37, 49-50, 84; storeroom, xv; workroom, xv, 86, 120, 153
-, committee, viii, xv, xviii, 7, 15, 25, 43-6, 49, 57, 66, 72, 75-6, 80-1, 84, 88, 93, 97, 99, 102, 104-6, 110, 115, 122-7, 135, 141, 146-8, 152
-, conditions in, xvii, 58, 66, 68, 80-2, 86, 97
-, finances of, ix, xvi, xviii, 3, 9-10, 24, 37, 46, 49, 51, 68, 93-6, 123, 130, 137-8, 141, 154; see also accounts
-, lease of, xiv-xv, 76, 90-2
-, numbers in, 54, 58, 61, 68, 71-2
-, orders and rules of, 23, 39, 68, 80-1, 88, 98, 104-6, 113, 115, 147, 152-4
-, repairs to, xv, 50-1, 77, 90-2, 100, 103; floors, 90; gutters, 103; plumbing, 103; roof, 90-1, 100, 103; sewerage, 90; windows, 103
-, reputation of, 47, 56, 68, 80-1, 85, 88, 97, 99, 104-6, 113, 115, 118, 130, 141, 145-6
-, servants in, 10, 23, 47, 72, 80, 82, 84, 88, 97-8, 104-5, 107, 115-16, 120, 130, 141, 145, 148, 153; see also Newton, Hannah
-, steward, vii-viii, xv, xvi, 115, 117, 123, 135, 141, 147-8, 152-5; duties of, 123; salary or wages of, xv, 24, 37, 43, 45, 50, 82, 93-5, 122-7; see also Barr, George; Hutton, Richard; Powell, John; Trafford, Samuel
-, stewardess, 153; see also Hutton, Sarah trustees, 90
-, see also bill of fare, diet, employments, school

clocks, 63

cloth, 29; baize, 34; buckram, 31; canvas, 31, 35; cotton, 93, 95; damask, 34, 139; Dowlass, 36; Dutch check, 29, 34; flax, viii n., x-xi, 96; fustian, 29; galloon, 31; garlic Holland, 29; genting, 32; glazed Holland, 31; Holland cloth, 36; kersey, 29; lace, 34; linen, 23-4, 35, 54, 96; Russian cloth, 29-30, 32, 34; sack, 96; samplers, 24; serge, 31; shalloon, 31; silk, 31-2, 139; silk-worsted, 24; skins, 29, 35; worsted, 94-5

clothing, 23, 28, 49-50, 54, 61, 72, 97, 122, 131; aprons, 34; bodices, 31; body linings, 33; bonnets, 34; breeches, 28-9, 35, 43; buckles, 31-2; buttons, 29, 35; caps, 35; clogs, 31-2; girdles, 34; gloves, 30-2, 36; gowns, 33; handkerchiefs, 29-30, 34; hats, 30, 35, 50; hoods, 31-2; hooks and eyes, 29; mantuas, 31; neckcloths, 29; pattens, 32; petticoats, 31, 33-4; shifts, 36; shoes, 23, 30, 34-6; shoe buckles, 30; silk laces, 31; stay tape, 29, 31, 34-5; stays, 34; stockings, 23, 30-2, 36; waistcoats, 28-9; whalebone, 31

Clutton, Joseph, 1

coal, 10, 49, 51, 84, 87

Cobb, Eleanor, 82, 85, 87

Cockbill, Mary, 58

Coleman, Walter, 124

college of infants, xiv

Collet, Richard, 126

communism, viii-ix

complaints, xvii-xviii, 7-8, 39, 43, 66, 68, 72, 74, 80-2, 84-8, 97, 99, 104-6, 113, 115-17, 120, 141, 145-6, 148

constables, 16, 116

Constantine, John, 64

contracts, for supply of goods, 6

Conyers, John, 64

Cooke, Edward, 17

Cooper
-, Daniel, 38
-, Samuel, 28

co-operativism, viii-xii, xiv, xvii, xix-xxi

Corbet, Thomas, 16

Corporation Lane, xiv

corporations of the poor, xi-xv, xix, xxi

court leet, 16

Coxe, Thomas, 28, 50-1, 61

Crafton, Richard, 147

Crawley, Thomas, 126

Crisp, Stephen, 1, 132

Crossfield, Arthur, 126

Crow, Thomas, 14

Croydon, Surrey, xxi

Davis, John, 125

Deeklair, Robert, 147

De Horn, George, 124, 147

Denham, a tenant, 49

dictionaries, 11

diet, xiii, xvii, 4, 7, 59, 66, 68, 74, 80-1, 88, 97, 104-5, 113, 120; beans, 151; beef, 80-1, 86, 97, 113, 150; beer, xviii, 81, 86, 104, 134, 150-1; boiled meat, 151; bread, 6, 50, 86, 99, 113, 150-1; bread pudding, 112-13; broth, 113, 151; butter, 50, 86, 104, 150-1; calves foot, 85; cheese, 50, 86, 104, 150-1; dumplings, 82; figgy pudding, 82, 84; fish, 84, 111, 113; furmenty, 4, 80, 84, 104, 150-1; gravy, 97; herring, 120; mackerel, 151; meat, 39, 84-5, 97, 113; milk, 151; milk pottage, 4, 80, 113, 151; mutton, 80-1, 97, 113, 150; oatmeal, 150; peas, 150-1; peas pottage, 151; plum pudding, 4, 97, 151; pork, 80-1, 86, 113; pottage, 84, 150; pudding, 82, 84, 88, 97, 150-1; rice milk, 84, 104, 113, 151; roast meat, 151; salt fish, 151; spoon meat, 81, 104; sprats, 84; Suffolk cheese, 86; tripe, 150; veal, 113; water gruel, 104, 150; see also medicine

disorderly behaviour, 8, 43-5, 64, 80, 82, 84-5, 88, 97, 99, 102, 104-6, 110, 113, 115-18, 130, 141, 145, 147, 152-3

Dockura, Ann, 17

Doggett, Hannah, 13-15, 27, 49

Dolben, Sir William, 20

Durston, Edward, 1

East India Company, 26

East India stock, 26, 49, 51

education, ix, xvi-xvii, xix, 11, 23, 68, 95-6, 107-8, 118, 128-9, 145; of girls, 23; see also school

Edwards, Jonathan, 30

Elbeck, Henry, school master, 117, 145

Ellis, John, 90

embezzlement, 82, 85-6, 88, 123

Emerson, Francis, 17

Emmott, William, 126

employments, viii-x, xvi, xix-xx, 59, 72, 82, 84, 86, 93-4, 99, 104, 106, 108, 117-18, 120, 128-30, 145, 153-4; carding, xvi, 93; firing, 95; knitting, x; picking oakum, xvi; pin making, xix; reeling, 94; seamstry, 107; sewing, x, xvi, 23, 49, 52, 95, 107-8; shoemaking, xvi; spinning, x-xi, xvi, xix, 2, 24, 52, 93; winding silk, xvi; training and instructors for, 93-5
-, contractors, 94-6; earnings from, 3, 37, 52, 94-6, 107-8, 118, 122, 128-30, 137, 138; wastage, spoiled work, 94-6, 104, 118, 130, 145; wheels, 96; work schedules, 23

English, 11

Everingham, Richard, 61

executors, 13-15, 26, 40, 76

exercise, 96

Exeter, 57

Farrier, 50

Fell, Leonard, 132

Field, John, 40-1

Firmin, Thomas, xi, xiii

Fleming, Sir Daniel, 20

Fooks, Josiah, 147

Ford, Abraham, 125-6

Forster, Josiah, 105

Foster
-, Daniel, 61
-, Jacob, 61, 148

Fox, George, x-xi, 132

France, 11

France, Grace, 2

Franck, August, 1, 70

Freame, John, 92

Gilbert, Thomas, xxi

Gorden
-, Elizabeth, 64
-, John, 8, 64

Gospill, John, 148

grammar schools, 11

Greek, 11

Greener, Richard, 125

Gregory, Sir William, 20

Gurney, Daniel, 127

Gwynne, Rowland, xii

Hackney, Joseph, 90

Hale, Sir Matthew, xiv

Hall, John, 28

Halle, Germany, 1, 70

Hammond, Anthony, xii

Harcourt, Simon, 90

Harding, Thomas, 127

Harle, James, 127

Harper, John, 58

Harrison, Thomas, 126

Hartlib, Samuel, xi, xiii

Harvey
-, Jacob, 135
-, John, 17
-, Mary, 135

Hawkins, Richard, 13-15, 25, 150

Hayns, John, 91

Hayward, Edward, 49

Hearn, Elizabeth, 49

heating, 93, 96, 98

Hebrew, 11

Henderkin, Mary, 61

Heywood
-, John, 2, 58, 97
-, Richard, 58

Hicks Hall, St. John Street, 90

Hill, Abraham, xii

Hilton
-, Joseph, 28
-, Mary, 61

Hodgson, William, 127

Holland, 11

Holland, Lady, see Rich, Mary

Honnor, Elizabeth, 1

Hope
-, Francis, 42, 61
-, John, 42, 61

horses, 94; horse bills, 10

houses of correction, xiii-xiv, xxi, 97

housewifery, 107

How, Thomas, 147-8

Howard, William, 148

Hutcheson, Richard, 110

Hutchins, Thomas, 78

Hutton, Richard, workhouse steward, vii-viii, xiv-xvi, xviii, 7, 45, 57, 66, 75, 78, 96, 98, 105-6, 110, 113-14, 118, 120, 122-5, 127, 135, 143, 146; books belonging to, 1; children of, vii; reputation of, 80, 82, 84-5, 88, 99, 104, 115, 143
-, Sarah, wife of Richard, vii, 57, 64, 72, 80, 82, 84-6, 88, 97, 104, 106, 114, 116-18, 120, 122, 124-5, 143

Idleness, 95, 104, 106, 113

illness, ix, 8, 54, 56, 62, 72, 74, 80, 84, 97, 111, 113, 121, 131, 145, 154-5; agues, 121; blindness, 72, 131, 144; consumption, 113, 121; convulsions, 72, 121; fever, 113, 121; fits, vii, 72; itch, 121; jaundice, 121; lameness, 72, 131; looseness, 121; rheumatism, 121; smallpox, 121, 155; stranguary, 121

infirmary, proposed, 74; nurses, 54, 72, 74; see also medicines

Ingram, Joseph, 126

Institute for Workers Control, ix

Isaac, Sarah, 61

isinglass, 134

Italy, 11

James
-, Jonathan, xi
-, Richard, 30

Jeffreys, John, 1

Jennings, John, 135, 147-8

Jews, 133

Joans, Elizabeth, 58

Justices of the Peace, 16, 20, 90, 92

Keyford, Somerset, 57

Keith, George, 1

Kight, William, 50, 126

Kingsford, William, 90-1

Kirton, Richard, 13-15, 25

Kitchinman, John, 124

Knolls, John, 104

Labour theory of value, ix, xix

Ladd, William, 102

Lancaster, vii

Latin, 11

Law, John, 90

Lawrence, Mary, 58

Lawson, Thomas, x

Lee
-, John, 127
-, Mo, 28

Leek, Staffordshire, 62

legacies, viii, xvi-xvii, 13-15, 26-8, 37, 40-1, 46, 49-51, 53, 61, 75, 78, 99, 130, 135, 141; see also benefactions

Lindley
-, Amor, 42
-, Rachael, 42

Little Holland House, 14-15, 27

Locke, John, xii

Lodge, Robert, 132

Lombard Street, vii

Love, John, 61

Luttrell, Narcissus, 90

Mackworth, Humphrey, xii

Maidstone, Kent, xxi

manufacturing see employments

Marlow, John, 50

Martin
-, Josiah, 125-6
-, Thomas, 26

Marx, Karl, viii

Mason, Benjamin, 1, 26, 85

meetings, 152-4; Bull and Mouth monthly meeting, 27, 45, 49; Cork monthly meeting, 38; Devonshire House monthly meeting, 49, 58, 61; Friends' Workhouse monthly meeting, 27; Hammersmith monthly meeting, 13-15, 27; Horsley Down monthly meeting, 49; Meeting of Twelve, viii n.; monthly meetings, viii, x, xiv-xviii, 37, 46, 56, 61, 68, 74, 80, 93, 99, 110, 114, 122-3, 141, 147, 155; Peel monthly meeting, 38, 49, 61, 64, 152-3; quarterly meetings, viii n., xv, 58, 74, 82, 115, 141; Ratcliff monthly meeting, 49; Savoy monthly meeting, 15, 27, 49; Six Weeks meeting, viii n., x, xv; Six Weeks meeting in London, 15, 25, 40; Southwark monthly meeting, 61; women's meeting, viii n., 24, 58, 120; yearly meeting, viii n., xv

medicines, 111-13, 121, 131, 144; anastringent juleps, 111; bezoar powders, 113; bisquits, 111; cheese cake, 111; chocolate, 111-13; cinnamon, 111, 113; claret, 111, 113; coffee, 113; conserve of roses, 111-13; cordials, 113; eggs, 112-13, 144; hart's horn, 111, 113; juleps, 113, 121; ointments, 121; oysters, 111; physic, 111, 121, 156; red cow's milk, 112-13; salve, 121; sugar, 104, 111, 113; wine, 111, 155

Metcalfe, John, 90-1

Middlesex, Justices of the Peace, xiv, 90, 92

Miles, Joane, 58

Miller
-, John, 53
-, Katherine, 49

Milner, John, 90-1

Mitchell, Doyly, 90-1

Molleson, Gilbert, 110

Montague, William, Lord Chief Justice, 17

mops, 49; mop yarn, xvi, 2-3, 10, 37, 49, 93-6

Morgan, Samuel, 125-6

murder, allegation of, 87

Neat, Anthony, 148

needles, 24

Newton, Hannah, maidservant, 84, 116-18

Norton Folgate, Liberty of, 16

Oaths, 16

Odams, Joshua, 53

Offley, John, 90

orphans, 108

Owen, Robert, viii, xxi

Parents, 23-4, 42, 61, 107, 113, 115-18, 120, 130, 132, 141, 145

Paris
-, James, 125-6
-, Thomas, 124, 147

Park, James, 132

Parliament, x, xii, xv

Partridge, Richard, 75, 78, 126

Pellett, Richard, 17

penmanship, 11

Pennington Street, 40

Pentlebury, Elizabeth, 40-1

Pittflow, Thomas, 30, 35

Pixley, Thomas, 50

Place, Francis, viii, xxi

Plant, John, 124, 147

play, 94, 96, 155

Pollexfen, John, xii

poor law, xii

poor relief, ix, xxi

Portland, Thomas, 58

Powell, John, xvi n., 97

Priest, Thomas, 58

Prime, John, 17

prisons, x, xiv n.

Pritty, Jacob, 61

privacy, 97

privileges, 45, 97

provisions, 49, 51, 72, 84-8, 97, 99, 106, 128; see also bill of fare, diet

Puckridge, Nathaniel, 82

punishments, ix, xiii, 42, 82, 117, 120

Purchas, Arthur, 57

Rand, Elizabeth, 43-5, 58

Read, Joseph, 61

reading, 94, 107-8

reformation of manners, 145

religious matters, memoranda on, 65, 102, 104, 132-3, 140

rents, 37, 49, 50-1, 75-6, 92, 128

Reynolds, Thomas, 147

Rhoades, Thomas, 124, 147-8

Rich, Mary, Lady Holland, countess of Warwick, 15

Richardson
-, Richard, 75, 78
-, Samuel, 61

Robins
-, Richard, 148
-, Thomas, 61

Rocque's map of London, xiv

Rosier, Daniel, 58

Rowe, Sir Thomas, xiv, 90, 92

Russell, John, 110, 127

Saffron Walden, Essex, xxi

St. Giles in the Fields, Middlesex, xxi

Salmon
-, John, 17
-, Robert, 17

Sandon, Thomas, 127

Sands
-, Sir Edwin, 133
-, Martha, 58
-, Thomas, 57, 61

Sanson, W., 61

Saunders, Richard, 110

scales, 84

scholars, xvi

school, 116-17; sewing school, 107
-, master, 47, 57, 105, 108, 116, 118, 153; see also Elbeck, Henry
-, mistress, 23-4, 52, 98, 107-8, 153

Scott, Prince, 28

secret correspondence, xvii, 23

self-help, x

Sessions of the Peace, 90, 92

Sherrwin, Robert, 147

shoe repair, 36

shop maids, 107

Shorey, John, 90-1

Shrimpton, J., 53

Smart, Richard, 58

Smith
-, Edward, 17
-, Martha, 58
-, Thomas, 116-18

Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, xx

South, William Walker, 125

South Sea stock, 49, 51

Spencer, John, 124

Sprak
-, Elizabeth, 67
-, Mary, 67
-, Samuel, 67

Stafford, 21-2

Stanbury, John, 127

Stanton, Elizabeth, 87

Steel, William, 53

stock, 37, 93

Storrey, Phillip, 110

stow grates, 63, 77

Straham, Dorothy, 58

subscriptions, 37, 50, 51

Sunderland, Elkanah, 30

Swain, James, 127

Table manners, 97

tailoring, vii, 30, 33, 35, 117

tallow chandlers, 93

Tallowfield, William, 62

Tanner, John, 114

taxes, 37, 50-1, 108

Taylor
-, Cornelius, 125, 149
-, Thomas, 21-2, 28

tenants, 118

Thames Street, 75-6, 78

theft, 8, 84, 152

Thorncombe, Dorset, 67

thread, xvi, 24, 29, 31, 35

threats, of arson, 8

Tillotson, John, Archbishop of Canterbury, 133

tobacco, 97, 152

Toovey, Charles, 2

Townsend, William, vii n., xviii, 77, 80-2, 84-8

Trafford, Samuel, xvi n.

Tuller, John, 90

turpentine, 139

Tuxbury (? Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire), 2

Under-sheriffs, 16

Underwood, Thomas, 127

Vandewall
-, Daniel, 90, 92, 124, 127
-, John, 124

Vaughan, Rowland, x-xi

Venner, John, 91

vermin, 139

vinegar, 134

visitors, 58, 86, 97

Waite, Thomas, 58

Wall, W., 1

Ward, Alexander, 90-1

Ware, Hertfordshire, 62

Warwick, Lady, see Rich, Mary

washing, 23, 54, 72, 97, 153

watch purchased, 63

Webb, Richard, 17

Webster, William, 1

weights, 84, 87-8

Weller, Samuel, xxi

West
-, Henery, 104
-, John, 125-6

whispering, 23, 47, 80

Whitehead, George, 22

Whiting, John, 124

Wilson, John, 111

Windsor, Dean and Canons of, 76

Wingfield, George, 26, 110, 126

Withers
-, Josiah, 128
-, Robert, 129

Wood, Edward, 148

Woodstock, Rebecca, 31, 36

wool, 10, 46, 49, 51, 94-5, 123, 130

work see employments

workhouse test, xx, xxi

workhouses, vii n., xi-xiv, xx-xxi, 145

Worster, Henry, 40-1

writing, 11, 23, 49, 94, 96, 107-8

Yarmouth, Norfolk, 42

yarn, 94, 96, 128, 129, 130