Gabriel (St.) Fenchurch - Garlick Hill

Gabriel (St.) Fenchurch

The church stood in the middle of Fenchurch Street, between Rood Lane and Mincing Lane (Leake). In Langbourn Ward. The parish extended into Billingsgate Ward.

Earliest mention, 1526 (L. and P. H. VIII. D.S. XI. p. 580).

Newcourt says he finds it first mentioned under this name in the London Registry under the date 1517 (Rep. I. 350).

There are later allusions to it as follows : Parish of St. Mary and St. Gabriel in Fenchurch street, 37 Eliz. 1595 (Lond. I. p.m. III. 226). Parish of the Blessed Mary St. Gabriel in Fanchurch Street, 38 Eliz. 1596 (ib. 233). Referred to in John Bagworth's Will as "St. Mary Fenchurch" alias "Gabriel Fenchurch" in Fenchurch Street, 1622 (End. Ch. Rep. St. Gabriel Fenchurch, 1902, p. 1).

These entries support the statements made by Newcourt and later writers that the Church of St. Gabriel is identical with the church alluded to in earlier records as St. Mary Fenchurch and All Hallows Fenchurch, and Newcourt says that he has found all these three names given to this church in the London Registry (Rep. I. 350), so that it would seem to be a case of a triple dedication, to St. Mary, All Saints, and St. Gabriel, and may commemorate the rebuilding or enlargement of the church at different periods.

The earliest references are to be found under the designation of All Hallows Fenchurch (4.v.) mainly in the 13th century. This name does not seem to occur again until 1540 (L. and P.H. VIII. D.S. XVI. p. 54).

From the 13th century to the 16th century the church seems to be always referred to as "St. Mary Fenchurch" or "Fanchurch" (q.v.), and it is not until the 16th century, viz. in 1526, that reference is made to it under the designation of "St. Gabriel."

Church enlarged and beautified 1631-2. Burnt in the Great Fire 1666 and not rebuilt, whereby, as Strype says, the "street is the fairer" (ed. 1720, I. ii. 151).

Parish united to St. Margaret Pattens. In early records the church is often referred to simply as "Fenchurch" (q.v.).

A Rectory. Patrons : the Prior and Convent of Holy Trinity, after the dissolution, the Crown.

The dedications commemorate the Blessed Virgin Mary, All Saints and the Angel St. Gabriel. The dedication to the angel Gabriel is an uncommon one and this is the only instance in the City of London of its use.

Galley Dock

South of Galley Quay, Thames Street (O.S. 1894-6). In Tower Ward.

First mention : O.S. 1848-51.

Galley Quay

South out of Lower Thames Street, east of the Custom House and Wool Quays (P.O. Directory). In Tower Ward.

Earliest mention : "Galey key" given to Wm. Marowe and Joan his wife 1488 with "le Maydenhede," etc. (H. MSS. Com. Var. Coll. IV. 336).

Other names : "Galy key," 1504 (Ct. H.W. II. 606)., in possession of Wm. Marowe. "Galley Key," 1539 (Lond. I. pm. L. and M. Arch. Soc. VII. p. 64). "Gilly Key" (Rocque, 1746).

One of the Legal Quays, so called from the Act of Parliament, passed 1559, establishing them as quays for the landing of goods, subject to duties. See Legal Quays [not found].

Derivation of name : So called from the Galleys bringing wine and other merchandize from Genoa and those parts, and unlading there (S. 134-7).

It seems more probable that the designation came into use in the same way as Galley Row, from the name "Petit Wales" or "Petit Gales," given to the eastern end of Tower Street. See Petty Wales.

Galley Row

A quadrant in Tower Street, between Hart lane and Church lane, because Galley men dwelled there (S. 136).

No other mention.

There was a messuage called "the Gallie" in parish of St. Dunstan in the East, 23 Elir. 1581 (Lond. I. p.m. III. p. 36), and perhaps the Row was named from this sign.

Gally Hole

See Gully Hole.

Garden Alley

See Two Swan Yard.

Garden Court

In St. Botolph, Bishopsgate Churchyard in Bishopsgate Ward Without (Strype, ed. 1755-Boyle, 1799).

Not named in the maps.

Garden Court

On the west side of Middle Temple Hall, within the Temple precincts, in Farringdon Ward Without (P.O. Directory).

First mention : Hatton, 1708.

It looks over the Temple Gardens, hence the name.

Garden Court

North out of Lee's Court in St. Catherine's Lane, leading to Garden Street and to Butcher Row (Lockie, 1816).

Site now covered by St. Katherine's Docks.

Occupied part of the site of the Gardens belonging to St. Katherine's Hospital.

Garden Court

North out of Paul's Alley to Figtree Court. In Cripplegate Ward Without. It seems to have also led west into Hare Court, Aldersgate Street (Strype, ed, 1720-Elmes, 1831).

In Rocque, 1746, called : "6 Garden Court," which does not extend to Figtree Court. See Young's Buildings.

Garden Court, Petticoat Lane

See Garden Place, Hutchison Avenue and Seven Step Alley.

Garden Place

West out of Middlesex Street. In Portsoken Ward (P.O. Directory).

First mention : O.S. 1880.

Former name : "Garden Court" (P.C. 1732-O.S. 1848-51).

In Lockie "Garden Place" is described as to the north of Garden Court, 1816.

It occupies the site of a portion of what was formerly "Seven Step Alley" (q.v.).

Garden Row

In the Inner Temple, within the Temple precincts (Strype, ed. 1755-Boyle, 1799).

Not named in the maps.

Garden Street (Great)

See Great Garden Street.

Gardner's Lane

South out of Upper Thames Street at High Timber Street, east of Broken Wharf (P.O. Directory). In Queenhithe Ward.

First mention : Lockie, 1810.

In the 18th century it seems to have been called "Gardeners lane" or "Dunghill lane" (q.v.) (P.C. 1732).

See Raton lane.

Garland (The)

A brewhouse so called in "Little East Cheap" with a garden at the back, adjoining the garden of Sir John Philpot, but in Stow's time divided into various small tenements (S. 212).

No later mention.

Garland (The)

A messuage and tenement so called in the parish of St. Albans in Woodstrete, 21 Eliz. (1579) (Lond. I. p.m. III. p. 9).

Not further identified.

Garland Alley, Bishopsgate

See Two Swan Yard.

Garland Court

North out of Trinity Lane, in Bread Street Ward (Strype, ed. 1755-Boyle, 1799).

Near St. Mildred Bread Street.

Mentioned in Will of Wm. Tutchin, dated 1662. Burnt in the Fire and rebuilt (End. Ch. Rep. St. Botolph Bishopsgate, 1901, p. 13).

Site now covered by Queen Victoria Street.

Name probably derived from the sign.

Garlick Hill

North out of Upper Thames Street, at 190, to 40 Cannon Street (P.O. Directory). In Vintry Ward.

Formerly it extended north to Great St. Thomas Apostle, the northern continuation to Cannon Street being called until recently "Bow Lane."

First mention : "Garlyk hill," 1500-21 (Arnold's Chronicle, p. 77).

Stow calls it Garlick hill, or hithe (S. 252), but "Garlickhithe" must have been a wharf on the river and not identical with the street called Garlick Hill.

It appears from early records that this street was originally included in and formed part of Cordwainer Street (q.v.), which probably extended as far south as Thames Street.

Named after Garlickhithe on the Thames (q.v.).