Anne (St.) Blackfriars - Archdeacon (Chapel of)

Anne (St.) Blackfriars

On the east side of Church Entry, north of Glasshouse Yard in Farringdon Ward Within (O. and M. 1677).

First mention : " Parish of St. Anne within the site of the Friars Preachers," 36 H. VIII. 1544 (L. and P. H. VIII. XIX. (2), p.192).

This was the parish church for the inhabitants of the precinct of the Blackfriars, as distinct from the conventual church set apart for the use of the Friars only, and the Prior maintained at his own cost a curate to serve the parishioners there.

The site was appropriated by Sir Thos. Cawarden as part of the priory precincts given to him, but in the reign of Queen Mary he had to find a place of worship for the parishioners within the precincts, and this parish church Stow says was rebuilt and enlarged, 1597.

The church and churchyard were purchased by the inhabitants of the precinct, 1607. The church was again enlarged, 1613. Burnt down in the Fire 1666 and not rebuilt, the parish being united to St. Andrew Wardrobe (Strype, ed. 1720, I. iii. 180, 194).

Anne (St.) Blackfriars' Churchyard

At the north-west end of Church Entry (O. and M. 1677-O.S. 1880).

Purchased by the inhabitants of the Blackfriars precinct, 1607 (Strype, ed. 1720, I. iii. 180).

Anne (St.), Chapel of

Erected by John de Grantham near the church of St. Antonin, 1345 (Ct. H.W. I. 476), in honour of St. Anne and other saints. He to be buried in the chapel of St. Anne and St. John the Baptist near the church of St. Antonin 1350-1 (ib. 648).

John de Causton made a bequest to the Fraternity of St. Anne in the chapel annexed to the parish church of St. Antolini 1353 (ib. 672).

Anne's (St.) Fraternity

There was a fraternity of St. Anne in the church of St. Michael Cornhill, 5 H. IV. (Anc. Deeds, A. 2225).

Bequest by William de Grantham, pepperer, to the Fraternity of St. Anne, 1350-1 (Ct. H.W. I. 648).

Anne's (St.) School

In Foster Lane. Established 1709. For 30 boys and 30 girls.

In praise of St. Anne and St. Agnes.

Now known as the Royal Asylum of St. Anne's Society and removed to Redhill.

Ann's (St.) Alley

North out of St. Ann's Lane and east to Noble Street, in Aldersgate Ward Within, between St. Ann's Church and Churchyard. (O. and M. 1677-Strype, 1755).

Seems to be called " Pope Lane End " (q.v.) by Stow. " St. Ann's Passage " (Lockie, 1810, and Elmes, 1831). Now merely a pathway through the churchyard to the church.

Ann's (St.) Churchyard

On the north side of St. Ann's Lane, south and east of the church (O. and M. 1677-O.S. 1880).

It is still in existence, giving entrance to the church.

Ann's (St.) Lane

West out of Foster Lane to St. Martin's le Grand, in Aldersgate Ward Within (O.S. 1880).

First mention : Temp. Queen Elizabeth (Proc. in Chancery, II. 151).

Now called Gresham Street (q.v.).

Named after the church of St. Anne.

Annunciation of the Virgin Mary Without Aldrichegate (Chapel of)

John Bret directed that he should be buried in the new churchyard of this chapel, 1349 (Ct. H.W. I. 604).

Qy. =Newchurch haw or Pardon Churchyard formed in 1349.

See Mary (St.) Without Aldersgate.

Antelope Inn

On the west side of West Smithfield, in Farringdon Ward Without (O. and M. 1677-Strype, 1755).

Mentioned in Chancery Proceedings, 1579-1639, in Record Office.

Afterwards called " White Swan Inn," West Smithfield (q.v.).

Antelyne (St.)

See Antholin (St.) and Anthony [Antony?] (St.), Budge Row.

Antholin (St.)

On the north-east side of Budge Row, near its junction with Queen Victoria Street and Watling Street. In Cordwainer Ward (O.S. 1880).

Earliest mention : " St. Antonin," c. 1119 (H. MSS. Com. 9th Rep. p. 63).

Other names and forms : " St. Antolin," 13 Ed. I. (Ch. Inq. p.m. (25)). " St. Antonji," 31 Ed. I. (Lib. Cust. I. 228). " St. Antony," 1350 (Ct. H.W. I. 634). " St. Auntelin," 14 Ed. III. (Cal. L. Bk. F. p. 43). " St. Tauntelyne," 7 Rich. II. (Cal. L. Bk. H. 225). " St. Anthony Boge rowe," 7 H. IV. (Anc. Deeds, B. 2042). " St. Antonin de Watlyng strete," 1402 (Ct. H.W. II. 352). " St. Antonin in Watlyngstrete," 1443 (ib. 500). " Antelyne in Bogerowe," 1500-21 (Arnold's Chr. p. 247). " St. Antonin de Walbrook," 1403 (Ct. H.W. II. p. 355). " Seynt Autolyns " (Arnold's Chr. p.77). " Antelyne in Bogerowe " (ib. p.247). " SeyntAncelyne " (Fabyan, p.296).

In 1312-13 in a will proved in the Court of Hustings, mention is made of rents in the parish of " St. Antonin in Walebrok Street " (Ct. H.W. I. 236).

It is difficult to identify this street, as no part of the present Walbrook is in the parish of St. Antholin.

The earliest reference to the church occurs in the MSS. belonging to the D. and C. of St. Paul's, about 1119, when a dispute having taken place between William the priest " de sancto Antonino " and Derman as to their right to the church, they entered into a solemn compact not to do any injury to each other on account of the church, but to have it in common, one half to each, and they granted the church to the Canons of St. Paul, paying a rent of 12d. to the canons during their lives in recognition of the grant (H. MSS. Corn. 9th Rep. p.63).

An inquisition was taken of the ornaments, etc., in the church in 1181 (ib. 68). Chapel of St. Anne and St. John Baptist annexed to it by John de Grantham, 1345 (Ct. H.W. I. 476). Church rebuilt by Thos. Knowles, mayor, 1400 (S. 109 and 252). Again rebuilt or enlarged by John Tate, mayor, 1514 (ib. 113).

Repaired and beautified, 1616, for £900 (Strype, ed. 1720, I. iii. 15, 16).

Burnt in the Fire and rebuilt, 1682 (ib. 17 and 18).

Encroachments made on the site before the rebuilding of the church (ib.). Parish of St. John the Baptist Walbrook united to it after the Fire. Church finally taken down in 1874 and site, etc., sold for £44,990. Parish united to St. Mary Aldermary with St. Thomas Apostle and St. John the Baptist upon Walbrook. There is a representation of the church in stone at the corner of Budge Row to commemorate the site.

A Rectory. Advowson belonged to Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's.

Dedicated to St. Anthony, the Hermit, died 357 (Newcourt, I. 233).

The order of St. Anthony of Vienna was instituted 1095, and possibly the church was built about this time.

The " I " in the name has crept in in error.

Anthony (St.) (Hospital of)

On the north side of Threadneedle Street (S. 181). In Broad Street Ward. Stow tells us that there was built on the site in 1231 a Jewish synagogue (ib.), but the site before 1254 was granted by H. III. to the brotherhood of St. Anthony of Vienna to be a cell of that house. Mentioned in Bull of Pope Alexander of that year (MSS. D. and C. St. George, Windsor, quoted in Vict. Co. Hist. p. 181).

The house consisted of a master, two priests, a schoolmaster and twelve poor men, and was used as a hospital. It came into the possession of the King under the Alien Priories Act 1414, and became a royal free chapel (ib.). Soon after the master and wardens acquired more land and a free school and almshouses were built (Cal. P.R. H. VI. 1422-9, p. 518). The church of St. Benet Fink was appropriated to the Hospital for the benefit of the school (Vict. Co. Hist. 582). The Hospital was annexed by Ed. IV. to the Collegiate Church of St. George's Windsor in 1475 (S. 186). Church rebuilt 1499 (V. Co. Hist. p. 583). After the Dissolution the Hospital was despoiled by one of the prebends of Windsor and the almsmen turned out. The church was let to the French Protestants in Elizabeth's reign, and the school, which had been important and flourishing, fell into decay (S. 186).

The French church was rebuilt after the Fire, and is shown at No.51 Threadneedle Street in Horwood 1799. It was pulled down about 1840 for the formation of new approaches to the Royal Exchange.

See French Protestant Church.

The following remarks of Mrs. Jameson may throw some light on the practice mentioned by Stow as to stray pigs being appropriated to the maintenance of the Hospital. She says she had read somewhere that the hog was given to St. Anthony because he had been a swineherd and cured the diseases of swine. But this was a mistake. The hog was the representative of the demon of sensuality and gluttony, which Antony is supposed to have vanquished by the exercises of piety and by Divine aid. The ancient custom of placing in all his effigies a black pig at his feet, or under his feet, gave rise to the superstition, that this unclean animal was especially dedicated to him and under his protection. The monks of the order of St. Anthony kept herds of consecrated pigs, which were allowed to feed at the public charge, and which it was a profanation to steal or kill ; hence the proverb about the fatness of " Tanthony pigs."

Antony (St.)

See Antholin (St.).

Antony's (St.) School

Founded in the reign of H. VI. in the Hospital of St. Anthony (q.v.). Perhaps the most celebrated in London before St. Paul's School was erected.

This school was founded with others in London in St. Martin's le Grand, St. Mary le Bow, St. Dunstan's in the East, etc., in response to a petition presented in 1447 to the King by the rectors of the parishes of All Hallows the Great, St. Andrew Holborn, St Peter Cornhill and St. Mary Colechurch (Trans. L. and M. Arch. Soc. N.S. I. (2), p. 17).

Aphelingstrate

See Atheling Street.

Apollo Court

North out of Fleet Street, west of Chancery Lane, in Farringdon Ward Without, part of Bell Yard (Rocque, 1746-O.S. 1875).

Now called Bell Yard (q.v.).

Will's Coffee House was at one time known as the " Apollo," from a music-room so Galled in the tavern, which bad been started in imitation of the " Apollo room " at the famous tavern known as the " Devil."

The court was no doubt named after the tavern.

Apothecaries' Company

Formed one company with the Grocers at first. Incorporated as a separate Company 1617. Grocers petitioned against separation in vain, 1621. So long previously as 1328, the elections to the Mystery of Apothecaries were made separately from those to the Grocers (Cal. L. Bk. E. p. 232), although for many years subsequently, as in 1365, there was only one Warden for the trade of Grocers, Pepperers and Apothecaries (ib.G. p. 204).

Physic garden at Chelsea given to them by Sir Hans Sloane (Dodsley, 1761).

Styled the Society of Apothecaries.

Apothecaries' Hall

On the east side of Water Lane, Blackfriars (P.O. Directory). In Farringdon Ward Within.

First mention : Leake, 1666.

Burnt in the Fire and rebuilt 1670.

Archdeacon (Chapel of)

" Capellanus Domini Archdiaconi."

Mentioned in the list of London benefices 31 Ed. I. Lib. Cust. I. 229. But the site is not indicated.