Andrew (St.) Eastcheap - Andro Morris Key

Andrew (St.) Eastcheap

See Andrew (St.) Hubbard.

Andrew (St.) Holborn

On the south side of Holborn Viaduct at No. 31 (P.O. Directory). In Farringdon Ward Without.

First mention : " St. Andrew Holburnestrate," 12th century (Anc. Deeds, B. 2197).

The church of St. Andrew (q.v.) is mentioned in Charter of King Edgar, 951, and most probably refers to St. Andrew, Holborn.

Other names and forms : " S. Andrew de Holeburn," 1291 (Ct. H.W. I. 103). " S. Andrew the Apostle in Portepul," 2 Ed. III. (MS. D. and C. St. Paul's Press A, Box 2a, 604). " S. Andrew in Holebourn," 1349 (Ct. H.W. I. 574).

There was a fraternity of St. Sith's in the church (Strype, ed. 1720, I. iii. 248).

Repaired 1632. Rebuilt lately, 1676, by Sir C. Wren (Strype, ed. 1720, I. iii. 248). Repaired 1851 and 1872.

A free school attached to it.

A Rectory. Patrons : Prior and convent of Bermondsey until the dissolution of the monasteries-afterwards in private hands ; Duke of Montague (P.C. 1732) and now the Duke of Buccleugh.

A spring existed under the wall of the churchyard temp. H. VIII. and in 1783 (Gent. Mag. Lib. XVI. p. 205).

Andrew (St.) Holborn Churchyard

On the north, south, and west sides of the church (Horwood, 1799).

Shown also in O. and M. 1677 and in Strype on the east side of Shoe Lane, south-east of the church.

Andrew (St.) Hubbard

On the south side of Eastcheap at the north-west corner of Love Lane. In Billingsgate Ward (S. 211). The parish extends into Langbourn Ward (O.S.).

First mention found in records : " St. Andrew by Estchepe," 3 John (Anc. Deeds, A. 2119).

Other forms : " St. Andrew Huberd," 1282 (Cal. L. Bk. A. p. 51). " St. Andrew de Estchep," 1286-7 (Ct. H.W. I. 80). " S. Andrew Hubert towards the Tower," 1285 (ib. 70). " S. Andrew Hubert in Estchep," 1294-5 (ib. 117). " S. Andrew Hubert near Estchepe," 1388 (ib. II. 268). Seems to be referred to as " St. Andrew apud Turrim," 13th century (MS. D. and C. St Paul's, W.D. 12).

These forms were used interchangeably down to the 16th century. Repaired and beautified 1630. Destroyed in the Fire and not rebuilt, the parish being united to St. Mary at Hill and the site disposed of for public uses, being partly laid into the street and partly occupied by the King's Weigh House (Strype, ed. 1720, I. ii. 171).

A Rectory. Patron : Aymer de Valence, e. of Pembroke, 31 Ed. I and 17 Ed. II. (Lib. Cust. I. 238 and Inq. p.m. 17 Ed. II.). Afterwards the advowson was in the hands of John, Lord Hastings, earl of Pembroke, and after being for some time vested in the Crown, passed into the hands of John, Lord Talbot, earl of Shrewsbury (Newcourt, I. 263 ; and Arnold's Chronicle, 248). It continued in his family until 1598, but it is uncertain who made the presentations after this date, and Hatton says the matter was in dispute in 1708 between the Dukes of Norfolk and Somerset. Elmes says it was (in 1831) in the hands of the Duke of Northumberland, who presents alternately with the parishioners of St. Mary at Hill, and Wheatley accepts this statement.

It has been suggested that the church was erected on a Roman edifice, because when the foundations were brought to light the walls had the character of Roman workmanship and fragments of Samian pottery were found about the foundations (Gent. Mag. Lib. XV. p.42). Stow calls the church " Saint Andrew Hubbert," or Saint Andrew in East Cheape (p.211).

The most usual designation at the commencement of the 13th century was " St. Andrew by Estchepe," and it seems most likely that the appellation " Hubert " was added towards the end of that century in commemoration of some benefactor to the church.

Andrew (St.) Hubbard Lane

The name of the lane occurs several times in the 13th and 14th centuries.

" Lane of St. Andrews Hubard," 19 Ed. I. (Anc. Deeds, A. 1970). " Tenement in St. Andrew Huberdlane," in parish of St. Dionisius de Grascherch, 1361 (Ct. H.W. II. 62). Called in records " St. Andrewys Lane" in parish of St. Dionisii (Strype, ed. 1720, I. ii. 154). " Seynt Andrewes lane," 1378 (Ct. H.W. II. 200). " Lane of St. Andrew Huberd, otherwise styled Philpot Lane " in the parish of St. Dionis Bakchurche, 20 Ed. IV. (Anc. Deeds, C. 6563). See Philpot Lane.

Qy. called " Brandrees lane " (q.v.) in a will of 1321, " Br " being probably an error for " St."

Andrew (St.) Next Christ's Church

A messuage in this parish called " the Crane " and afterwards " the Greyhound." 1 Eliz. (Lond. I. p.m. I. 181).

The parish so described seems to be St. Andrew Undershaft.

See Greyhound Alley.

Andrew (St.) super Cornhill

See Andrew (St.) Undershaft.

Andrew (St.) Undershaft

At the south-east corner of St. Mary Axe in Aldgate Ward.

Earliest mention found in records : " St. Andrew ad Sanctam Trinitatem " (q.v.) 12th century (Anc. Deeds, A. 2338, 7284-5).

Other forms : " St. Andrew juxta Alegate," 52 H. III. (Ch. Inq. p.m.). " St. Andrew towards Alegate," 1285 (Ct. H.W. I. 72). " St. Andrew on the way to Alegate," 1289 (H. MSS. Com. 9 Rep. p. 3). "Sancti Andrae super Cornhulle," 31 Ed. I. (Lib. Cust. I. 228). " St. Andrew Aneknappe," 1361 (Ct. H.W. II. 30). " St. Andrew atte Knappe on Cornhill," 37 Ed. III. (Cal. P.R. Ed. III.1361-4, p. 437). " Seint Andrewe atte the Shafte vppon Cornhill," 1477 (Jupp. Carp. Co. p. 26). " St, Andrew atte Shafte upon Cornhull," 1482 (Ct. H.W. II. 583). " St. Andrew beside Christ's Church," 35 H. VIII (L. and P. H. VIII. XVIII. (1) p. 530). " St. Andrewe Vndershafte, Algate Ward, 1516 (Fabyan's Chr. p.295). " St. Andrew super Cornhull " was the most general designation during the 14th century.

A considerable portion of the church was rebuilt by Stephen Gennings, Mayor, in 1520-32 (S. 112) in the Perpendicular style of Gothic. It was restored again in 1627 and again in 1684, having escaped the Great Fire, also in 1704 (Strype, ed. 1720, ii. 66), about 1831, and in 1875-6. Monument in the church to John Stow, the antiquary.

A Rectory. Patron : the Bishop of London.

Parish of St. Mary Axe united to it, temp. Elizabeth (Strype, ed. 1720, I. ii. 72-3).

Derivation of name : Stow speaks of it as " the faire and beautifull Parish church of " S. Andrew the Apostle with an addition, to be knowne from other churches of that name, " of the Knape or Undershaft, because that of old time everie yeare on May day in the " morning it was used, that an high or long shaft or Maypole was set up there, in the " midst of the streete before the south doore of the sayd church, which shaft when it " was set on ende, and fixed in the ground, was higher than the Church steeple " (S. 145).

Though by the statement that the shaft when set up was higher than the church steeple, Stow seems to imply that this circumstance gave rise to the name of Undershaft, yet is it not probable that the true origin of the name is to be found in the Knape or Undershaft, which our author mentions without, it would seem, understanding it, and which is wholly ignored by the current explanation above mentioned? What this was is not explained, but the word Knape is obviously derived from the A.S. Cnaep which Bosworth defines as a top, cap, knop or button, and Skeat as " the top of a small hill." It seems not unlikely that there was a hillock or artificial knob in the middle of the street opposite the church containing a socket in which the shaft was set up and that this protuberance went by the name of the Knape or Undershaft. It seems more probable that the church would take its name from a permanent object in its immediate neighbourhood rather than from a maypole set up once a year. Moreover the name of a neighbouring object is constantly applied adjectively to city churches and the addition Undershaft as just explained would be quite in accordance with practice. It must be remembered that the practice of setting up the shaft had ceased before Stow was born, namely by the 3 Ed. VI. when the shaft was sawn in pieces, and the story of the shaft having been higher than the steeple may not improbably have been invented to account for the name, the true origin of which may have been long forgotten.

The earliest instances of the use of the name give the forms " atte Knappe," " Ane knappe," in 1361 and 1363, and it is not until more than a century later that the forms " atte the Shafte " and " atte Shafte " occur.

Andrew (St.) Undershaft Churchyard

North and east of the church, with a passage south to Leadenhall Street (O. and M. 1677-Horwood, 1799).

Andrew Cross Alley

Adjoining the church of St. Andrew Holborn on the west and called with other premises the " Church Land," 1573 (End. Ch. Rep. 1898, p. 4).

Not named in the maps.

Name derived from the Inn of this name in Chancery Lane.

Andrewcrosse (Le)

Mansion house of William Andrewe so called in parish of St. Sepulchre without Newgate, 1456 (Ct. H.W. II. 529). In Farringdon Ward Without.

Not further identified.

Andrewes Crosse Inn

A messuage or inn so called in Chanceller Lane (Chancery Lane) in parish of St. Dunstan, between the Cage north, Fyckettes Felde west and the highway east, 35 H. VIII. (L. and P. H. VIII. xix. (1)).

Described as a messuage and 18 tenements called the " Andrewe Crose," 1 Ed. VI. (Lond. I. p.m. I. 90). In Farringdon Ward. Without.

See Crown Court, Chancery Lane.

Andrew's (St.) Court, Holborn

South out of Holborn, with a passage east into St Andrew Holborn Churchyard, in Farringdon Ward Without (O. and M. 1677-O.S. 1848-50).

Formerly called " Crookbourn Alley" (Tallis).

Removed for the formation of Holborn Circus and St. Andrew Street, 1870-8.

Named after the church.

Andrew's (St.) Court, Temple Street

West out of Glasshouse Alley, Temple Street in Farringdon Ward Without (O.S. 1875).

First mention : Lockie, 1810.

Lockie describes it as forming part of Ashentree Court (q.v.).

Andrews (St.) Cross on the Hoop

A tenement and garden so called in Fleet Street in parish of St. Dunstan between the tenement of the Prior and Convent of Royston called the " key on the Hopp " east and the tenements of the Carmelites west (Strype, ed. 1720, 1. iii. 257).

Not further identified.

Andrew's (St.) Hill

South out of Carter Lane at No.59 to 148 Queen Victoria Street (P.O. Directory). In Castle Baynard Ward and Farringdon Ward Within.

First mention : Leake, 1666.

Other name : " Puddle Dock Hill " (O. and M. 1677-Boyle, 1799).

Renamed after church of St. Andrew by the Wardrobe.

Andrew's (St.) Lane

See Andrew (St.) Hubbard Lane.

Andrew's (St.) Street

South-east out of Holborn Circus at No. 1 to Shoe Lane (P.O. Directory). In Farringdon Ward Without.

Made 1870-8. Occupies the site of St. Andrew's Court, Holborn.

Andrew's (St.) Wharf

South out of Upper Thames Street at No.4 to the Thames (P.O. Directory). In Castle Baynard Ward.

First mention : Horwood, 1799.

In Rocque the site is occupied by " Old Pipe Yard " and " Lime Wharfe," in O. and M. by " Queen's College Yard " (q.v.).

Andro Morris Key

Appointed a general place for lading and discharging goods by Act of Parliament, 1559 (Strype, ed. 1720, I. ii. 49).

Not further identified.