Henry VIII: August 1525, 1-15 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 4, 1524-1530. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1875.

Citation:

'Henry VIII: August 1525, 1-15', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 4, 1524-1530, ed. J S Brewer( London, 1875), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol4/pp691-705 [accessed 5 November 2024].

August 1525



1 Aug. Vit. B. VII. 181. B. M.	1534. RUSSELL to [WOLSEY].
	Yest[erday] Bourbon received letters from the Emperor, asking him to come as soon as he can, and he will perform his promises; he has sent the galleys which brought the French king; they have already left Spain, and Bourbon expects them at Genoa "as th ..."
	He also sends money for his preparation. Bourbon hears that the French do all they can to disturb his passage. Many of the chie[f men] about the Emperor write to him that the Emperor greatly desires his coming, and that the amity between the Emperor and the King continues, of which Bourbon is very glad. Has often asked Wolsey what he is to do if Bourbon goes, but has had no answer, [which has] caused him to write to Clerk for advice, who thinks he should return when Bourbon goes, as there are many of the King's folks in Spain. Will follow his advice, unless Wolsey orders the contrary. Milan, [1 Aug.] (fn. 1) Signed.
	P. 1, mutilated.
1 Aug. R. O.	1535. LORD BERNERS to WOLSEY.
	Encloses news brought by Hector (de Vicquemare), July 31. Hears from lord Sands that the King still wishes him retained, which he will do till he knows his further pleasure. Has paid him nearly 40l. already. Sands says Wolsey only ordered him to pay Berners 10l. Asks for a warrant for the remainder, and what he will lay out hereafter. Calais, 1 Aug.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: To my lord Cardinal's good grace.
1 Aug. Otho, C. IX. 44. B. M.	1536. P. DE VILLERS LYLE ADAM to [WOLSEY].
	Having heard that Francis I. 'has been carried prisoner into Spain, and that peace is likely to be established in Christendom, proposes to visit the Emperor and procure from him some supplies for his Order. Has obtained the approval of the Pope. Is now at Marseilles, intending to cross over to Barcelona. Begs Wolsey's good offices with the Emperor. Marseilles, 1 Aug. 1525. Signed.
	Lat, mutilated, p. 1.
1 Aug. R. T. 137. R. O.	1537. LOUISE OF SAVOY to the CHANCELLOR OF ALENÇON and DE VAULX.
	Has received letters from the Chancellor, reporting his arrival at Dover on the 22nd inst. Hopes to hear the final conclusion by the next courier. Douarty has treated for an abstinence of war with lady Margaret until Jan. 1, of which she encloses a form to be shown to Wolsey. A similar truce is demanded on the part of the Emperor, and articles agreed to, which she also encloses. Wishes nothing to be concealed from Wolsey. Finds the Pope, the Venetians, and other Italian potentates ready to defend their liberty. Will do all she can to bring about a universal peace; each person to keep in his own limits. Francis is in good health, and is on his way to Madrid and Segovia, where the Emperor intends to see him. The duchess of Alençon is going to Spain in a few days. Will endeavor to make a treaty without ceding any of the kingdom. They must thank Wolsey, and take his advice, for he knows more than any other person. The affairs of the kingdom are going on well. Lyons, 1 Aug.
	Fr., pp. 2.
R. O.	1538. JAMES ABP. OF ST. ANDREW'S to HENRY VIII.
	When Clarencieux came with the King's gracious answer to the evil report "send (i. e. sent) of this realme on my simpilnes unto your Hienes," heard that there were writings for him which he has not received. Has, therefore, sent the bearer, for whom he desires credence. Thanks the King for letters sent in his favor to Rome. His affairs there, specially the freedom of his see, are in good train. St. Andrew's. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.
1 Aug. R. O.	1539. THE SAME to WOLSEY.
	To the same effect. Has written at greater length to Magnus, who knew, before he left, the mind of the Archbishop, how the King was ordered, and what was likely to ensue. St. Andrew's, 1 Aug. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: To my lord Cardinal's grace.
2 Aug. R. O. St. P. IV. 385.	1540. The DUKE OF RICHMOND'S COUNCIL to WOLSEY.
	On Wednesday, 26 July, my lord of Richmond went from Will. Jekylle's to my lady Parre's, where Norfolk left him to go to the King. On Thursday he was at Buntyngford, on Friday at Shyngaye, and on Saturday at Huntingdon, where he remained all Sunday. Dr. Hall met him without the town, and on the bridge the bailiffs presented him with four great pikes and four tenches. The abbot of Ramsey sent a present of swans, cranes and other wild fowl. On Monday he went to George Kirkham's house, and on Tuesday to Colleweston. On the way he killed a buck himself in Clyf Park, where Davy Sicile made him good cheer. He used the horse litter only for three or four miles from Will. Jekyll's, and seems better now than when he set out. At Colleweston he has received presents from the abbots of Peterborough and Crowland. Requests Wolsey to send him a physician. On Monday leaves for York. Colleweston, 2 Aug. Signed: Brian Higdon—Wyll'm Parre—W. Bulmer—Godfrey Foljambe—Thomas Tempest—Thom's Dalby—Wiliam Tate.
	Add.
2 Aug. Galba, B. VIII. 192. B. M.	1541. SIR ROB. WINGFIELD to [WOLSEY].
	Has not been with my Lady since the 18th of last month, when he wrote last, both for want of lodging, and because she trusted to have made an end at Bolduke sooner than she did. Had a letter from her last night, saying that they had yielded to her, and she would enter the town on Friday, when 100 persons in black, and girt with halters, will meet her, and ask grace. She has written to him to meet her at the castle of Hwsdeyn in Holland on Friday morning, and accompany her to Bolduke.
	The abstinence seems to be popular with all, except men of war. It was proclaimed here yesterday, and the rumor is that a similar abstinence with England was proclaimed in France 14 days ago; concerning which Wingfield can make no answer, having no information, and is compelled to hear much and say little. The Lutherans in Almain are completely put down, and begin to accuse each other. Fears they will only disguise their venom. Gorkem in Holland, 2 Aug. 1525.
	Hol., pp. 2.
3 Aug. R. O.	1542. MARY QUEEN OF FRANCE to WOLSEY.
	Asks credence for her servant, George Hampton, the bearer, concerning the detention of her "doole" in France, which her officers cannot collect. Asks him to give Hampton such letters as he desires from the King and himself to persons in France. Wishes the ambassadors in France to have the delivery of them. Wyngfeld Castell, 3 Aug. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: To,&c. my lord Cardinal. Endd.
3 Aug. R. O.	1543. The DUKE OF SUFFOLK to THE SAME.
	To the same effect. Wingfeld Castell, 3 Aug. Signed. (fn. 2)
	P. 1. Add.: To my lord Cardinal. Endd.
3 Aug. R. O.	1544. HANNIBAL to WOLSEY.
	Wolsey will learn from the bearer, a grave and learned man, whose coming did much good to the monastery, what pains Hannibal has taken in the matter of this election. The dissensions among the canons grew to a dangerous pitch, and the laity were not less audacious. We scarcely dared to enter the chapter for fear of the assemblage, retainers of noblemen and others. At last both parties delegated their rights to Wolsey and the deans of the Chapel Royal and Canterbury. Before the election, Hannibal, by his apostolic authority, absolved two that were named as apostates, and ordered them to be restored. Bristol, 3 non. Aug. (fn. 3)
	Hol., Lat., p. 1. Add.: Thomæ Ebor. archiepiscopo, Angliæ primati, et Apostolicæ Sedis legato.
3 Aug. Acts of Parl. of Scot. II. 291.	1545. The PARLIAMENT OF SCOTLAND.
	Commenced at Edinburgh, 6 July.
	10 July.—Angus "asked instruments that the Queen's grace gave in ane supplication to the Lords," desiring expences to be allowed her for her honor, as she had "proponit the accion of divorce."
	11 July.—The King present. Angus offered surety to the Queen for indemnity of her person and household coming to Edinburgh this Parliament.
	17 July.—Decree of the lords of Secret Council that the respite given to Jas. earl of Arran shall not comprehend Harry Stewart, "beand with the Quenis grace," and Wille Weir, that was put to the horn for the slaughter of Jas. Haliburtoun.
	Justice airs to be held through the kingdom to begin at Aberdeen, 5 February next.
	These lords to remain with the King quarterly; viz., till Allhallowmas: archbishop of Glasgow, earl of Angus, bishop of Orkney, earl of Morton, abbot of Holyroodhouse, lord Seton, and abbot of Arbroath. For the second quarter, from Allhallowmas to Candlemas: bishop of Aberdeen, earl of Arran,&c. Third quarter: archbishop of St. Andrew's,&c. Fourth: bishop of Dumblane,&c.
	Summons of treason to be issued against the great lords charged to have come to this Parliament.
	Against importing Luther's books.
	Charter ratified to John Campbell, treasurer.
	27 July.—"Comperit Jhone Betoun of Creich, and protestit that sen he has the keping of the palice of Falkland, and the samyn is rivin, the thak therof brokin, and will tak gret skaith without it be hastelie remedit; therefore, to caus the faltis be mendit, or ellis gif him command to do the samin on the Kingis expens, and mak him allowance thereof, and geif thai failzeit heirin that na thing be laid to his charge. Hora quarta post meridiem."
	30 July.—Rob. Bertoun of Over Berntoun, constable of the King's household, appeared to protest that his property could not sustain the charges of the household, which were daily increasing.
	31 July.—Colin earl of Argyle protests that as they were assembled for defence of the realm, and other Lords that were sent for would not come, the absentees should be made responsible for "what ruin happened" to the kingdom by carrying on the war, and impeached for it; or if peace be made, by which they lost their allies, that it should be imputed to them for withholding their counsel. Gawin archbishop of Glasgow made a like protest.
	Peace with England for three years agreed to,—with comprehension of France, if it can be gotten,—otherwise, with general comprehension of their allies, and a proviso allowing them to supply France with men, ships, and victuals,&c.
	3 August.—Commission authorized to Gawin archbishop of Glasgow, Archibald earl of Angus,&c. to treat with England.
	Against persons lying in wait for travellers.
	Ratification of acts of the Secret Council done in the Queen absence, notwithstanding the authority granted to her in the last Parliament.
	Forfeiture of life and goods decreed against John Somervale of Cambusnethan as "art and part" in the treasonable attack on James then archbishop of Glasgow, and James earl of Arran, when on their way through the streets of Edinburgh to the Tolbooth, Monday, 30 April 1520; also for having assisted the Humes.
4 Aug. R. O.	1546. PACE to WOLSEY.
	Complains of sleeplessness, and had repaired from Venice to Padua to consult a physician. Padua, 4 Aug. (fn. 4)
	P. 1. Add.: My lord Cardinal.
Er. Ep. XVIII. 11.	1547. ERASMUS to LUPSET.
	Does not know how to thank Lupset enough. Hopes Pace is now recovered. A plague upon those embassies and counter-embassies! Pace was born for the Muses. Is afraid love affairs (τα αφροδισια) may have increased the evil. Philip Melancthon is ill with the same complaint of sleeplessness. Duke Frederick has bequeathed him 1,000 florins. Luther has married a very handsome young woman, who was not long since a nun. He has left off his cloak and his beard. Thomas Grey, who is living with Erasmus with his youngest son, says there is no disturbance in England. Metus obstat. The rising of the rural population has been quieted. Luther is very much provoked against Erasmus. Carlostadt's book against the Real Presence is read with avidity.
	Has received letters from a nobleman to write some work for the Queen (Katharine), De servando conjugio. She has been attracted by a work which I once wrote, De comparatione virginis et martyris. Vives has dedicated to her Virginem, uxorem, et viduam; so I wonder what it is she wants. Basle, (fn. 5) 1525.
	Lat.
4 Aug. Fiddes' Coll. p. 228.	1548. CARDINAL'S COLLEGE.
	Grant of arms to Cardinal's College, Oxford. London, 4 Aug. 1525, 17 Hen. VIII.
	Lat.
5 Aug. Galba, B. VIII. 193. B. M.	1549. SIR ROBERT WINGFIELD to WOLSEY.
	Wrote last on the 2nd from Gorkem, which he left yesterday, and rode to Hwsdeyn, whence he accompanied my Lady to Bolduke. She was met two miles from the town by De Bure, with 300 horse and 500 foot, and the two baillies, who presented their rods to my Lady. Within a half a mile of the town, the burgomasters and échevins, with all the best of the town, knelt before her, confessed their fault, and asked pardon. The archbishop of Palermo replied, showing the danger of their lives, goods, and privileges by their rebellion, but in the end granted pardon. In the entrance to the town she was met by the deans of crafts, and others, to the number of 150, all in black gowns, ungirt, and each with a burning torch of wax, kneeling before her. The pensioner of the town, made a like confession on his knees, and was answered by the Archbishop. Then all went before my Lady, with torches burning, to the gate of her lodging, and thence to church, where, for part of their penance, they offered up their torches.
	Count Bure has acted very well, considering the danger; "for within this town, which is both great and fair, there was found by muster and billed 18,000 men, the eldest being under 50, and the youngest above 18 years of age, so that when the walls were sufficiently furnished with men, there remained on the market-place above 10,000, and would not thence by the space of a whole day and night." There were also 4,000 or 5,000 handguns; while De Buren, without the town, had only 300 horse and 1,500 foot, of which 1,000 were dispatched as soon as the town was surrendered. The town has not only granted the aid which they formerly refused, but will pay 1,200 fr. besides, for expences, "beside such other menus droicts as shall creep into their purses which have been sticklers and moyens in the matter."
	An Austin friar at Antwerp, who had preached several times to those of Luther's sect, till he was forbidden in the Emperor's name, continued preaching in the fields, and at last in a boat on the river, and had always escaped, until at last a wait was laid for him by the lords of the town. He was taken in a pair of red hose and a Spanish cap, and soon after had a confessor given him. The lords caused a fire to be made in the market-place as if they meant to burn him openly, but as he confessed that his faction was of great number, the prison being on the waterside, he was carried out at the water gate, which was shut behind him, "and he fair sent to Luther in a sack by water." Meanwhile, as the people in the market-place lacked pas- time, a riot got up between the adherents of Luther and the Church, whether done purposely or not is unknown; but the substantial folks were glad to reach their houses, and the unthrifts began to cry, "Slay! slay!" The lords of the town assembled all the archers and halberdiers, and brought four or five serpentines into the market place, "and scoured the streets every way" all night, keeping the gates of the town shut till a search had been made, and 14 or 15 of the band taken. It is hard to tell what will come of this, for the town is thought to be marvellously corrupt. My Lady will leave on Tuesday, and return to Holland, "which country is largely infect," and in many places has denied the aid, but her good beginning here may make the rest beware. Bolduke, 5 Aug. 1525.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add.
8 Aug. R. O.	1550. THOS. LORD ROCHEFORD to SIR JOHN DAUNCE.
	The bridge at Tonbridge, the new covering with tile of the castle there, "whereof the lead was had to Eltham,' and the mending of the place at Penshurst, "are almost at a good point, saving there lacketh 4½ fothers of lead "for the gutters of the new roof of the castle. It must be had shortly, or else all the cost will be lost. He must give the bearer money enough for finishing all, and then he will be no more called upon "by no man's days that is alive, for it is substantially done." The bridge is 104 ft. in length, and all of freestone. Thinks, when he sees it, that he will judge it has cost more money than the King shall pay. The bearer will tell him more, as he has the charge of all the work. Hever, 8 Aug._As far as he can tell, 40l. will finish everything, beside the 4½ fothers of lead.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Sealed.
8 Aug. R. O.	1551. MICHILHAM PRIORY.
	Lease by Thos., prior of Michilham, to Arthur Banester, gent., son of Joan, widow of William Everard, and John Okynden of Seford, of the manor of Chyntyng, for 15l. 16s. 8d., plus 16 qrs. of wheat and 14 qrs. of barley, yearly. The lessors and lessees to be allowed to take fish and water-fowl in the said manor. Dated 8 Aug. 17 Hen. VIII.
	Pp 2, large paper.
9 Aug. Calig. B. III. 169. B. M. St. P. IV. 387.	1552. MAGNUS to WOLSEY.
	* * *
	On the last day of the Parliament an Act was proposed depriving the Queen of her authority, seeing that she had been divers times sent for to conclude this peace with England, with good assurance of her coming. The young King, who was present, answered, he hoped his mother had not so highly offended as to deserve such treatment. Ultimately it was agreed that the Act should be of none effect if she repair to the King within twenty days, and confirm the peace. Thinks she will pretend she dare not come for fear of Angus. Edinburgh, 9 Aug.
	P. S.—Has seen letters from Rome to my lord Chancellor, stating that the Pope is informed his Lordship is "the very and common procurer and letter" of peace with England. This report seems to have been got up by one Lawther, an agent of Margaret's, and favored by the bp. of Bath, to whom his Lordship is now writing. Sends his memorial on the matter, with a copy. Has no doubt my Lord Chancellor is quite separated from France. Signed.
	Add.
Cal. B. III. 170. B. M.	1553. [The ABP. OF ST. ANDREW'S] to the AMBASSADOR OF ENGLAND (MAGNUS).
	Is advertised by writings from Rome, of the 18th May, that some sinister information has been laid against him to the Pope, by John Lauder, "standing there for the Queen's grace," that he is the great interrupter of peace between the realms, and had advised the "personal asseige" of his own sovereign. The Ambassador being in the realm, knows his innocence. Begs he will advertise the lord Cardinal thereof; and that his Grace would write to Rome to the English ambassador there that the Chancellor of this realm has been the principal laborer for peace.
	P. 1. Signature torn off.
	ii. Copy of the same, in the hand of Magnus's clerk.
	P. 1.
10 Aug. R. O.	1554. ANGUS to SIR CHRIS. DACRE.
	Complaints are made to the King his master of depredations by the English, especially those of Tyndale. Requests that Sir Christopher's lieutenants or deputies may meet with his at Ryddynburne to appoint days of truce. Hopes he will not allow such thieves and rebels as the Scotts, Elwalds, Crosars,&c., to be "resett" in Tyndale. Desires credence for Will. Eddringtoun. Edinburgh, 10 Aug. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.
10 Aug. Vesp. C. III. 82. B. M.	1555. TUNSTAL to WOLSEY.
	The King's letter will inform him about Wingfield's death. He has written to Wolsey to commend his wife and children, who ran greatly in his mind during his sickness. He is a great loss to the King for his knowledge of affairs and experience, and Tunstal will much miss his advice. Has suffered much from lack of rest during his illness. After his death Sampson fell into a fever, and is not yet recovered. Before Wingfield's illness, Tunstal was brought so low by a flux that his stomach and strength were gone; and if a fever had followed, as it often does, he would not have escaped; but he is now recovered, and Sampson is past the worst.
	As Wolsey will see by the King's letter, nothing will be done about peace till Madame d'Alençon comes. Wolsey may do the King the greatest service he ever did, by staying him from hurrying too fast about the peace, so that he "prevent not the Emperor in the conclusion thereof, which hitherto hath tarried for him." If the King do this, he will undoubtedly lose the Emperor for ever, and God knows what danger may ensue by combining the Emperor with France. Asks him to notice particularly their letter to the King. The King thinks the Emperor is "far forth," but he has not yet begun. No man ought to know Joachim better than Wolsey; his fair promises are not to be regarded; and the surety of the King and realm ought not to be ventured upon them. If the Emperor had hearkened to these offers without England, as he has been pressed to do, there would have been no English ambassadors there now, for Bryon's words show how little they think of England. Whenever the Emperor does so, all the offers made to England will be frustrate. Thinks that, whatever the French say, they hate Wolsey as much or more than the King, and consider them both as the cause of their calamity; which indeed they say openly. When he comes to a point, he should stay till he knows if the Emperor is content, and then conclude; thus he will make a sure knot. The French are certainly endeavoring by this several treating to separate the King and Emperor, and intend to deceive both or one; which is more likely to be the King, as the Emperor has such a sure pledge in the person of Francis.
	Advises Wolsey to show the Imperial ambassadors all the offers made, as the Emperor does to them, or else he will let them know nothing. He has hitherto kept nothing from them, and will doubtless continue so, if he is treated accordingly. As far as he can perceive by the King's letters, the commission of Joachim and the Chancellor is only to make preparation, not to conclude peace; and so, even if they consent to a conclusion, the knot cannot be surely tied, and they can say to the Emperor that there is no commission given to conclude anything without him. Wolsey will see by the King's letters that the Regent herself has not authority to conclude. Found this out by chance as they were closing their letters, and kept them two days longer in consequence.
	Cannot get a safe-conduct for posts to pass by land without asking the French ambassadors, which would set all the court in a rumor, and spoil the King's affairs. The only way is to ask the French ambassadors in England for safe-conducts for two men, one of whom can be always in England, and the other with them. The Emperor has lately got two such safe-conducts.
	Has taken up 1,000 ducats on the letters of credence of Ant. Vivald, which Wolsey got for him and Wingfield. Would have taken more, but that the exchange goes so high by reason of the wars. 4s. 8d. is the least price for a ducat, so that 10l. is lost in 1,100 ducats. This will last him till Nov. 8, if much is not laid out for couriers. Has hitherto sent by the Emperor's sabres, so that nothing has been spent in sending by sea; but he now writes to the merchants of Bilbow to know what the cost of one voyage will be, if the sabres happen not to be ready, and it is necessary to write in a hurry. Nicolaus de Grimaldis, the chief of that house to whom Ant. Vivalde consigned them for the payment of their letter of credence, has fled, being accused "de crimine pessimo de quo Joseph fratres accusavit." His goods will probably be confiscated, so that the Emperor, who owes him great sums, will lose nothing. Writes to Vivalde for a new consignation. Grimaldi had the greatest name of the Italian merchants here. Sends a copy of two articles necessary to be inserted in a league defensive. Many of the articles of the old treaty had better be left out. Wolsey will see which they are. Sends also a memorandum of things in the King's letter and their former one, requiring answer.
	Desires particularly to know the King's pleasure about the Emperor's marriage with Portugal, before Madame d'Alençon comes, who is rich, a widow, young, and will have a very large dowry. Toledo, 10 Aug.
	Hol., pp. 6.
11 Aug. Vesp. C. III. 85. B. M.	1556. TUNSTAL to WOLSEY.
	This morning the English and French ambassadors and the Emperor's deputies concluded an abstinence of war, to begin Sept. 11, and end Dec. 31. It must be published on the frontiers by sea and land before its commencement. There is a copy of the French and English part in the King's letters. The Emperor writes in his own hand to the King and Wolsey to ask for the King's consent to the marriage with Portugal. He desires a speedy answer, and has therefore ordered the zabre to wait for an answer. The King's letter, and the copy of the Emperor's to his ambassador, will explain the matter. The confirmation of the truce must be sent in two months. Toledo, 11 Aug.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. at ƒ. 81b: To my lord Legate's grace. Endd*.
11 Aug. Vesp. C. III. 86. B. M. St. P. VI. 451.	1557. TUNSTAL and SAMPSON to HENRY VIII.
	Received on the 29th from the Chancellor the King's letter in cipher, dated Hampton Court, the 3rd. The letter is long, and cost us two days to decipher. As Sampson was too ill to come abroad, and could not attend Wingfield's funeral, I, Tunstal, repaired to the Emperor, notifying the receipt of your letter, in which you begged us to advertise him that you had received propositions for peace from John Joachim, the conditions of which would be brought by the chancellor of Alençon, and asked the Emperor's advice how you should act best for their common interests, on receiving which you might conclude to the advantage of you both. I added that this proposition had been made on the part of France, because the French king found he could not otherwise obtain his delivery; and that you had heard that the Emperor, as not being prepared for war, and from other circumstances, was strongly inclined to peace. For these considerations you were willing to mitigate your demands, and accept such sums of money and lands as by the Emperor's mediation could be obtained of the French king.
	He replied that he thought Joachim's mission was only to delude you; that in his own case he had insisted on having his rights restored, as the sole condition of peace; that he had been compelled to make a show of peace, as he was not furnished for war; and he advised you to send your arrangements with Joachim, and have them concluded here. I showed him the inconveniences that would arise from such a course, and that your Majesty would find it to your best advantage to arrange your claims in England, and then communicate them to the Emperor.
	He then asked if I had received any communication touching his marriage with Portugal. When I replied that you were astonished that neither he nor his ambassadors had ever touched that matter, he laid the fault on his aunt (Margaret); and said that though he had no wish to marry, he was urged by the Cortes, who would not consent that he should leave his realms until he had taken a wife. He wished your advice; and I said that if he would make instance therein, upon the arrangement of certain articles, you might be inclined to give your consent. He said he most desired the friendship of England; that no two gentlemen could love one another as ye did; and that you should now rather show your love, that men might know that it stood not in an alliance, but was rooted in your heart. He wished to know what the articles were.
	On the 4th he sent Allemayne to bring us to court; but as I, Sampson, was not well enough, the Chancellor and others came to my house, stating that the Emperor was desirous of knowing the mind of your Highness touching his marriage. We said that you would consent on the following conditions: First, to have some satisfactory appointment with France, as the Emperor's interests have been exclusively served by the war. Secondly, the repayment of such money as was owed you by the Emperor, with the indemnity. Thirdly, that the treaty of Windsor, and others, be revoked. Next day the Chancellor, with others, came at the same hour. They expatiated on the necessity the Emperor was under of marrying, to pacify the empire, now troubled with the Lutherans, of whom many had been killed; others had made war on the cardinals of Mayence and of Gurk, and had rebelled against Don Ferdinand. As for the payments, they were not unreasonable; but if the French saw that by his marriage he was furnished with money, they would more readily listen to reason, and he could better secure your interests. That he could not pay you until he was married, and that the subsidy from his subjects extended over four years; but in time he would fulfil all that was required.
	Replied that they had received no special commission, and offered some arrangement about the debts, both agreeing that it would be best to write for a commission from England. Two days after the Emperor sent to say he would send letters in his own hand by sea and land, of which they forward a copy. Beg the King will send a speedy reply. Give their opinion on certain points touching the money and the abolition of the treaties, and ask what they shall do if the peace succeed not.
	Bryon is arrived, and has brought a commission for the orators here to conclude an abstinence of war, demanded by France. Lady Margaret has concluded a truce with France, at which the Emperor is extremely displeased, and is in mind to send to prison those that made it, as your Grace is not made the principal contrahent.
	Offer their opinion respecting the peace with France, and think that if the King conclude it, he will lose the Emperor. Joachim's promise of secrecy is not to be relied upon, and Francis will use it for his delivery. Bryon has reported here that the Emperor had no cause to stick with you, for if the Emperor had been delayed a few days longer, you had made a final end with his master. No peace with France will be available whilst the French king is in the Emperor's hands. Give their advice how the King should act.
	The French king is very strictly guarded by Alarcon. Understand that the Emperor will not speak with him. Madame d'Alençon is on her way here. Give reasons why they have not urged the Emperor to allow the French king to send a commission to England. Think that the Emperor will adhere to England in making peace.
	Since the above, have seen new articles proposed by the French, shown them by the Chancellor and others, who affirmed that they were delusive and displeasing to the Emperor. Had an interview the next day touching the persons to be comprehended. Details a conversation held with Bryon on that occasion. Think the lady Regent can have no authority to treat whilst the French king is in captivity. This morning the truce was concluded, and signed by us and them. Have kept Coke three days longer, in order that he might bring news of the truce. Toledo, 11 Aug. Signed. (fn. 6)
	Add. Endd.
11 Aug. Vesp. C. III. 194. B. M.	1558. TRUCE.
	Form of a truce between Charles V. and Henry VIII. on one part, and Francis I. and Madame la Regente, (fn. 7) authorized by the estates of France, on the other part.
	1. To last from the publication to 1 Jan. The Archduke and Madame Marguerite to be included. 2. Madame d'Alençon may go to Spain with the persons named in the safe-conduct, having power to treat of a final peace. 3. Bourbon may come from Italy to Spain by sea, with what number he chooses, without hindrance. The King and Madame shall give him safe-conduct. 4. Ambassadors, couriers, and posts to have free passage to and fro. 5. Fishing to be free as before the war.
	Note by Tuke: "It is to be marveiled that they wolde condescende to this treux, having non auctorite or instruccion so to do, wherin they be expresly circumvented, to thintent by comyng to the said trieux your Grace shulde take non avantage."
	Draft, Fr., pp. 3.
Vesp. C. III. 192. B. M. Léonard's Recueil.	2. "The copie of the treux of the Frenche partie." Toledo, 11 Aug. 1525.
	Fr., pp. 3.
Ibid. 191. B. M.	3. "The copie off the proheme off the Kings and thEmperors partie, with the conclusion of the same." Toledo, 11 Aug. 1525.
	Fr., pp. 2.
11 Aug. R. O. St. P. VI. 463.	1559. CHARLES V.
	Henry VIII. has written to his ambassadors, in answer to what Charles had said about the requests of his subjects, who wished him to marry the king of Portugal's sister if Henry would not promptly deliver the Princess his daughter in order that she might be left here in his absence for the conservation of his kingdoms,—a project explained in the instructions given by the Emperor to the commander Penalosa. Although Penalosa had not yet spoken to him, the King desired the ambassadors to declare his intention, if Charles again referred to the subject. Accordingly, the Emperor having mentioned to them the urgent applications made to him for a settlement of this matter, considering the necessity of his leaving Spain to check the spread of Lutheranism, and to assume the Imperial crown, the ambassadors said that, notwithstanding the King's great desire for the marriage, considering that the age of the Princess did not admit of its speedy consummation, he was willing to consent to the Portuguese alliance on three conditions:—1, that peace should first be concluded with France on conditions satisfactory both to Charles and Henry, which the former can easily dictate, the king of France being in his hands;—and Henry is entitled to the more consideration in this matter, seeing that his friendship has enabled the Emperor to gain Tournay, Milan, and Fontarabia, while England has lost the marriage with the Dauphin and the French pensions: 2, that before the conclusion of the Portuguese marriage, Henry be paid in ready money, the debts to be deducted from the dowry of the Princess Mary by the treaty of Windsor, with the other loans since advanced, especially as Charles is to have a large dowry from Portugal: 3, that the treaties of Windsor and London, having been framed with a view to the marriage with Mary, be annulled. Has replied to the ambassadors that he had always wished to accomplish the marriage with the Princess if her age and the circumstances of the time had allowed it; but that his subjects were urgent for the other, fearing that he would leave Spain without effecting it,—not to take his crowns, which he could easily defer, but owing to the solicitations of the Archduke and other German princes, to suppress the accursed sect of Luther, who have caused a war in which already more than 100,000 men have been killed on one side and the other, and an immense number of towns, castles, and churches have been destroyed; besides which the Archduke is in such a strait that he knows not where to turn, except at the pleasure of these "villains Lutheriens." The cardinal of Mayence has been obliged to give them money, throw open to them his strong places, and allow priests and monks to marry; and the cardinal of Salzburg has had to give up two thirds of his revenues to them. The league of Suabia did their best against them, but failed for want of foot. Hungary is in danger both from the Lutherans and from the Turk. It is said the Grand Master of Prussia has become a Lutheran, married, and received the investiture of a dukedom from the king of Poland. There are fears that the sect will enter Italy to the ruin of Christendom. Has, therefore, shown the ambassadors that, though the King's conditions are reasonable, delay may render the whole thing fruitless. No negotiation with France will have any effect till it be ratified by the Estates, of which there can be no certainty till the coming of Madame d'Alen çon; and the best security for a good peace would be to let it be seen that neither England nor the Emperor will treat separately, and that the latter has no need of money to carry on the war; for which purpose it would be needful, first to conclude the Portuguese marriage. Even after it is concluded, the Emperor will not have too much ready money; for the aid granted by his subjects here will take four years to come in. If the treaties of Windsor and London be annulled without a new confederation, people will think the alliance not so close as it ought to be. Has, therefore, requested the ambassadors to treat for the consent of England to the new match on these conditions: 1, that Charles shall bind himself not to treat separately with France; 2, that the treaties of Windsor and London be abolished; and, 3, that Charles shall assure the payment of his debts at reasonable terms.
	The ambassadors, however, say that no power has been sent them to this effect, in consequence of the change of Penalosa's instructions, but have offered to write to the King. Cannot well desire more of them at present, notwithstanding the urgency of the case and the solicitations of his subjects, who were going to have sent an embassy to England on the subject. Has, therefore, urged them to press for an answer as soon as possible.
	Fr., pp. 6. Endd. by Tunstal: The copy of the Emperor's letters of the 11th of August for the marriage of Portugal.
Vesp. C. III. 196. B. M.	2. Duplicate of the preceding. Headed by Tuke: "The copy of th'Emperors lettre."
R. O.	1560. GERMAN GRAVAMINA.
	Twenty-four articles which the people of Almain desire to have reformed, to obtain which 180,000 men have risen, and daily increase in number.
	1. That no priest should be allowed to have cure of souls unless he be of honest living, good learning, and above 40 years of age. 2. That no parson should have the profits of his benefice unless he serve it himself, in which case he should have a reasonable living. 3. That the sacraments shall be administered to every one as often as desired, without charge. 4. That there be no service done for little children. 5. That all who have their living of the Church be deprived of it if they do not behave as men of the Church ought. 6. That spiritual judges shall put no man to death. 7. That spiritual men shall appear before temporal judges; 8, and pay of their lands to the prince. 9. That prelates shall not meddle with temporal causes when any actions shall be made amongst the people, and spiritual men to pay as well as temporal men when any money is required by the King or Lord. 10. That all lords shall let merchants have free liberty in their land, and that merchants may "rayne" without toll or vexation. 11. That strict justice be done upon thieves. 12. That all persons may dwell where they please without paying toll to the lord. 13. That they may sell their goods without paying toll. 14. That "all manner of herreelts" be abolished, and the money distributed among the poor. 15. That manslaughter shall not be forgiven for money nor favor, and that "lex talors" be used. 16. That priests be punished by temporal judges. 17. That all running water be free to every man; 18, and also all wild deer. 19. That nothing be taken at a man's death, but all left to his rightful heirs. 20. That no toll be demanded for beasts. 21. That no one be allowed to engross corn to cause dearth for his own profit. 22. That the rich help the poor, without taking any lucre or gain from them. 23. That such as are unable to get their living be supplied with what they need. 24. That right be done to the poor as well as to the rich.
	"Now pray God of his grace that we may do unto every man or person as we would be don to, for we be all brythern, bycawse we be descended all of one father."
	Pp. 2. Endd.: Articles of Almayne.
11 Aug. Galba, B. VIII. 195. B. M.	1561. SIR ROB. WINGFIELD to [WOLSEY].
	Wrote last on the 5th, from Bolduke, that my Lady intended to return to Holland on Tuesday last, the 8th; but she is so occupied in ordering this town, that she is not likely to depart till after Lady Day. On Saturday last, all the people in the order of their crafts went in procession with the clergy and religious folks round about, to thank God for the easy redemption of their folly. This showed the number of men in the town, for none went in the procession, besides priests, clerks, and religious folks, but men, who were in much greater number than Wingfield could have believed, and their personages of another sort than he had seen elsewhere in Brabant and Flanders.
	Accompanied my Lady that day to the great church, where she heard evensong. The press was so great that after accompanying her again to her litter, one of the palfreys trod on Wingfield's foot before he mounted. Her longer abode here, therefore, is very convenient for Wingfield, as "age is not so easy to heal as young folks be. And in consideration that I am the first that ever the King's highness sent in embassy, after his coronation, and am now at 20s. a day as I began, it were right meet for me, his said Highness and your Grace being so pleased, to halt in some paysybl place, and, instead of horse, harness, pen, ink and paper, to occupy a pair of beads, though I am right sorry to confess age or the world be better stablished."
	Yesterday, Piro de Werty came to Bolduke. Had word of it from my Lady soon after, who said she would send for him when she had learned his charge. Does not wait, however, to inform Wolsey, as she is not always so quick in performing her promises.—Hochstrate sent his secretary yesterday to show him an article of a letter written by Mons. de Phaleeyce at Lanzburg in Bavaria, where the Archduke was on his way to raise the siege of Salzburg (the Cardinal having been long besieged by certain Lutherans in his castle there), stating that the Archduke had pacified the Tyrol without bloodshed, and that though he understood above 150,000 Lutherans had been slain in Almain, it appeared they would only yield to force. Bolduke, 11 Aug. 1525.
	Hol., pp. 2.
12 Aug. R. O.	1562. CHARLES V. to HENRY VIII.
	Writes the news to Jehan de le Saulch. Is grieved at the death of Ric. Wingfield, who did his duty well in their common affairs. He is a great loss. Recommends to him the bearer, a gentleman of his household. Toledo, 12 Aug. 1525. Signed.
	Fr., p. 1. Add. Endd.
12 Aug. Vit. B. VII. 182. B. M.	1563. CLERK to [WOLSEY].
	All matters here are in the same state as before, saving that the Pope is in still greater perplexity, as the news of a truce between the Emperor and Francis is confirmed, though only by private letters, to which the Pope does not give full credence. Bourbon is sent for into Spain, and will be accompanied by the six French galleys. A safe-conduct is also sent for Madame Delanson to come to Spain with iij... horses. If these things are true, it is a proof that the Emperor is at a further point with France than a truce, although [it] may be dissembled that the Emperor may bring his [own] affairs to pass with greater satisfaction to his confederates. The Pope expects some one to be sent by the Emperor for a dispensation for his marriage with the king of Portugal's sister, which every one thinks is determined on. The French talk of a truce between France and England for six months, but it is only mentioned in French letters, which have no great credence, for the Regent has no food to feed her commons with but such hopes. There is no certainty about Spanish affairs, but only private letters. Rome, 12 Aug. Signed.
	Pp. 2, mutilated.
12 Aug. R. O. St. P. IV. 389.	1564. MAGNUS to WOLSEY.
	My lord Chancellor says the young prior of St. Andrew's (Patrick Hepburn), being secretary, has allowed the signet to pass without his knowledge to France and Rome, and he thinks anything intended for Rome should go through the London bankers,—anything under the King's signet to be kept by them 20 days after the dispatch of his own letters to the bishop of Bath sent to Tuke by Magnus. Encloses a letter returned to him by Walter Jegoe, by which Wolsey will see the exclamation made here for the capture of the French ship. Edinburgh, 12 Aug. Signed.
	Add. Endd.
12 Aug. P. S. b.	1565. NUNNERY OF ST. MARY, CHESTER.
	Petition for assent to the election of Dame Margery Tayllour as prioress, vice Dame Margery Pasmyche, deceased. Chapter-house, 12 Aug. 1525.
13 Aug. R. O.	1566. CHRISTIERN II. and ELIZABETH OF DENMARK to WOLSEY.
	Knowing that Wolsey has omitted nothing for the advancement of their interests, send to him Nicholas Tyrri, for whom they desire credence. Liere, 13 Aug. 1525. Signed.
	Lat., p. 1. Add. Endd.
Nero, B. III. 77. B. M.	2. "Instructie van Konnicklicke Ende Kunighinnelicke wirde, van Dennemarche gheghenen den eerbaeren Nicolao Tyrry." Signed by Christiern.
	Pp. 3.
[Aug. 13.] R. O.	1567. [THE AMICABLE LOAN.]
	"The seyng of Gorge Cob to Wyllyam Wodwall of Rugby, beyng petty colectur; when the seyd Wyllyam com to aske the Kynges money the seyd Gorge made hym anessor, and seyd he hade no justes to paye ys money, and was not greabull to yt, and then the seyd collectur seyd to hym he wolde not be dreffyn no longer from daye to day for yt; and the seyde Gorge made hym anssessar that yt was a gret robyng of money howte of the contre, boot and he moste nedes pay yt he wold, and soo wolde paye no money to hym at that tyme. Per me, Will'mo Wodwall."
	P. 1.
13 Aug. Titus, B. I. 81. B. M.	1568. RIOT at COVENTRY.
	Tho. marquis of Dorset, Hen. Willoughby, Edw. Ferrers, and Tho. Trye, to Henry VIII.
	Of their proceedings with the mayor of Coventry touching the surrender of four persons named in the schedule. Wish to hear from the Cardinal in reply to letters sent to him on Tuesday last. Retain Appulby, the messenger. Asteley, 12 Aug.
	P. S.—The mayor has delivered the four persons required. Have bound the mayor to keep the peace of the city. Have appointed a sessions for Monday next out of the town because of the death. Kyllingworth, Sunday, 13 Aug.
	Pp. 2. Add.
14 Aug. Vesp. C. III. 100. B. M.	1569. TUNSTAL and SAMPSON to [HENRY VIII.]
	The Emperor "sent Mr. Cooke, his servant," to De le Sauch by sea on the 11th, with letters. He writes also by land, in order to have a speedier answer. Almayn has asked them to write by this post for the same reason. Enclose a copy of his letter to De le Sauch. Will not repeat their last letter, but the Emperor greatly desires a speedy answer. Enclose a copy of the truce, which is a bare abstinence, without intercourse, except for ambassadors and couriers. Advise him now to ordain two messengers to go to and fro by France, for when Madame d'Alençn is here it will be necessary to send quickly. The archbishop of Ambron and Bryon are gone to stay with Francis at Madryll till his sister comes. Meantime the President of Paris only stays here. Toledo, 14 Aug. Signed.
	Pp. 2.
14 Aug Calig. D. IX. 4. B. M.	1570. ENGLAND and FRANCE.
	Articles of a truce between France and England, arranged by Nic. bishop of Ely and Sir Thos. More, sub-treasurer, on one part, and Brinon and John Joachim, proctors of Louise of Savoy, on the other. Signed by Henry VIII.
	Pp. 11, mutilated.
Ibid. f. 10.	2. French counterpart of the above. Signed by Brinon and John Joachim.
	Pp. 11, mutilated. Endd.
R. O.	3. Truce taken between Nicholas bishop of Ely and Sir Thos. More on the one part, and John Brinon and John Joachim on the other. The following passage is scored through:—"die Dominica proxima, quæ dies est mensis hujus Augusti decima tertia, incepturæ, et ad primam usque mensis Decembris, duraturæ."
	Lat., pp. 2, imperfect.
15 Aug. Harl. MS. 442. f. 55. B. M.	1571. TRUCE with FRANCE.
	Proclamation of a truce with France from Aug. 14 to Dec.1, the lady Regent having sent ambassadors to treat for peace with England, and having concluded a truce with the archduchess of Savoy for the Low Countries. More, 15 Aug. 17 Hen. VIII.
	Modern copy, pp. 4.
15 Aug. R. O.	1572. SIR HENRY GULDEFORD to WOLSEY.
	The book of Statutes of the Household, signed by the King, is in the cofferer's custody, who has gone to his house in Sussex, and does not intend to come to the King before Bartholomew's Day. His books are in his house at London. Until the King comes to his standing house none can get at them but himself. If Wolsey wants it in a hurry, will send a servant to the cofferer to make him haste to London. Barnett, Tuesday, the Assumption of Our Lady. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: To my lord Legate's grace. Endd.