Henry VIII: January 1524, 1-15 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 4, 1524-1530. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1875.

Citation:

'Henry VIII: January 1524, 1-15', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 4, 1524-1530, ed. J S Brewer( London, 1875), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol4/pp1-15 [accessed 5 November 2024].

January 1524



1524. Corp. Chr. Coll., Camb., MS. 119. f. 21. Ellis, 2 Ser. II. 10.	1. ANNE BOLEYN to [SIR THOMAS BOLEYN]. (fn. 1)
	"Monss^r. Je antandue par v[ost]re lettre que a ves envy que touss (fn. 2) onette fame quan Je vindre a la courte et mavertisses que la Rene (fn. 3) prendra la pein de de visser a vecc moy de quoy me Regoy bine fort de penser parler a vecc vng perscone tante sage et onnetecela me ferra a voyr plus grante anuy de continuer a parler bene franssais et oussy espel (fn. 4) especy ale man pour suc que mellaues tant Recammande et de me man vous a versty que les gardere le meux que Je poure Monss^r Je vous suppllya descusser sy ma lettre et male et sipta (fn. 5) car je vous asure quete et ottografie de monantend amant sule la (fn. 6) vne les auttres ne sont faiz (fn. 7) que escript de maman et Semmonet me dit la lettre mes domeura fan je le fie moy meme de peur que lone ne saces sance (fn. 8) que Je vous mande et Je vous pry que le loumire de vu (fn. 9) vue net libertte de separe la voullante que dites aves de me edere car hile me samble quettes ascure on lue (fn. 10) la ou vous poues sy vous plet me vere de clarasion de v[ost]re paroile et de moy coues sertene que miara cuoffice de peres ne din gratitude que sut en passer ne et fasere mon a veccsion quecte de libere deviere autont sance que vous plera me commander et vous prommes que mon amour et vondue par vng sy grant fermette quele nara James pouer de sane deminuer et feres fin a mon pourpon a pres mettre Recommande bine humblemente a v[ost]re bone grace et scripte a Veure de
	V[ost]re tres humble et tres obeiss (fn. 11) —
	fille Anna de Boullan."
1 Jan. Add. MS. 24,965,f.146 b. B. M.	2. DACRE to THOS. MUSGRAVE, Constable of Bowcastle.
	Hears there is business between him and the children of Jas. Noble, who was always true to Musgrave's father, and Dacre, for the murder of Stapleton, Musgrave's servant. As there is now war with Scotland, advises him not to press them to an extremity, but to take surety of the Nobles and their friends till Easter. He knows what broken men will undertake for their friends. Morpeth, 1 Jan. 15 Hen. VIII.
	P. 1. Headed: "Copie of a lettre," &c.
2 Jan. R. O. St. P.IV.68.	3. ALBANY to DACRE.
	According to what he wrote to Dacre by Carrick, has despatched his secretary, John de Barbon, in answer to the message sent by Dacre, in Surrey's name, through the said Carrick. Edinburgh, 2 Jan. Signed.
	Fr., p. 1. Add.
2 Jan. Lansdowne MS. 989, f. 125. B. M.	4. RIC. FOX BP. OF WINCHESTER to EDW. WOOTTON.
	Hears of Wootton's talents from the president of Corpus Christi College, of which he is founder. Cannot make him fellow, as it is contrary to the statutes of Magdalen College, but makes him socio comparem, and gives him licence to travel in Italy to improve his learning, and chiefly to learn Greek, for three years from 1 May next, unless he wishes for a longer time, in which case the leave will be extended to five years. He will receive yearly (fn. 12) and the same sum from the college, according to the statutes. Esher, postrid. cal. Jan. 1520, (fn. 13) "nostræ translationis, 23."
	Latin, copy, pp. 2.
3 Jan. Calig. B. I. 234. B. M.	5. QUEEN MARGARET to DACRE.
	My Lord Governor has shown her what Dacre has sent to him in Surrey's name, and the power which he has from Henry of making peace; of which she is right glad, as it will conduce to the good of Christendom. My Lord Governor is well inclined to it. Hopes Dacre will not defer truce till the Feast of St. John at Midsummer, with the comprehension of France, without which the King her son, and this realm, will not consent to it, as has been shown divers times in Parliament. Henry would not make peace without comprehending his friends. If Dacre have no power to conclude, he may send a safe-conduct for such as the Lord Governor will name, to endure till the 15th or 31st of May, with abstinence of war for that period. The thing cannot come to good effect without sufficient time. Hopes the winter will not pass without means of peace being obtained. "Now that the King my son and I am together, methink my request should not be denied." Stirling, 3 Jan.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add.: "To my lord Dacres."
4 Jan. R. O.	6. JO. MAT. GHIBERTI to WOLSEY.
	The Pope is grateful for Wolsey's kindness when he was in a humble condition, and for his and the King's letters in his behalf at the late Papal election. Begs his assistance in promoting a firm peace among Christian princes, and expects much from his prudence and influence. Ghiberti hopes Wolsey is satisfied with his services touching the legateship. Rome, 4 Jan. 1524. Signed.
	Lat., p. 1. Add. Endd.
[5 Jan.] Galba, B. VIII. 103. B. M.	7. KNIGHT to BRIAN TUKE.
	Thanks him for his letter, and that by his means my Lord has ordered Baptista to deliver the rest of the money in his custody. Hoped Wolsey would have directed that he should be recompensed thereby for his extraordinary charges in his journey to Almain and since, for which he had authority to take up 100l. by exchange. Is glad my Lord was so plain with Hesdin. They have not written of it to my Lady, as Tuke supposes. Was sent for by my Lady on New Year's Eve, and asked if he had any letters from England, when he said "No." She said, in presence of Hochstrate, that Wolsey, who formerly charged De Buren with the dissolution of the armies, now imputed it to her and Hochstrate; comparing him to a good housewife, who on her husband's return began to chide first, knowing that he had cause to chide her. She said Wolsey would in time blame her if these countries were burned or pillaged by the French; and though this has not yet happened, no thanks are due to the English.
	As for lack of money, Hochstrate says there is neither horseman, footman, nor waggoner unpaid. But for the continuance of the war in winter, they could not supply what they had not; and as for his accounts, he is responsible only to the Emperor. He saw how matters went. The two princes had agreed in prosperity, and continued until one was at a disadvantage, when the other refused him at most need. "But Lord Jesu ! so well my Lady and Monsieur agree together!" She said she knew the financiers did their duty to the Emperor faithfully; and Monsieur said that if my Lady were in Burgundy this would be the most miserable country in Christendom for lack of government. In the end my Lady said she could not believe Wolsey had spoken as Hesdin wrote; adding that she had sent many times into England one to further their causes, who does his best to hinder, and if matters did not mend Hesdin need look for no thanks from her.
	Knight thinks, however, he is a better servant to his master than most of the others. Thinks if the King's army cross next year, they will do better alone. If joined with the Burgundians, he fears the third year will be like the two before. The Burgundians begin with fair promises of pay and plunder. Those who have obtained a prey return with it, and those who are not so lucky are anxious to get back for want of money. When they serve a strange prince, they cheat him, mustering one man thrice, and are always ready to mutiny at the time of most need.
	Has sent a servant to Zealand to see if any friend of his can do good to the parties Tuke favors. The king of Denmark's Chancellor wishes to know if the King will buy the Great Mary of Denmark. Has written of this to my Lord, for on refusal the Chancellor will find a merchant. Wishes him a good new year. John Savage left on St. Thomas' day.
	P.S.—Begs to be commended to Hesdin.
	Hol., mutilated, pp. 5. Add.
R. O.	8. [WOLSEY] to KNIGHT.
	Has received several letters from him, of which the last was dated the 24th inst., concerning the proceedings of the lady Margaret and her council, and their slack administration of justice to the King's subjects injured by those of the Low Countries. He is to remind her of the King's endeavours to compose the differences between the French king and her nephew, and his final declaration against Francis, which drew on a war with Scotland, and deprived him of the money due to him from France. Since that time he has carried on the war against the common enemy; by which means the Emperor has been able to attend to Spain, has preserved the Low Countries, passed quietly into Spain, recovered Milan, Jeanes, and Tournay, redeemed the pension of Naples, and is freed from his bond to marry the French king's daughter, to which he was bound by the treaty of Noyon. The King is rejoiced at his success, but still nothing has been done for the King's profit, and no portion of his inheritance recovered. The last letters from Spain state that now, the latter end of November, the Emperor's army has entered Berne, leaving Bayonne and other places in Guienne, which, by by the former treaty, it was proposed to attack. He shall remind her also that the army in Picardy "is dissolved and skaled," that Bourbon's enterprise is frustrated for a time, that the French have received supplies and will remain in the duchy of Milan during the winter, that no great feat is likely to be done by the Emperor's army towards Spain, that the places taken by the common army on this side have been lost by their negligence, and that it is doubtful whether the Pope elect will join them for the defence of Italy as Adrian did. These things considered, the King desires to know how far the Emperor and my Lady are able and disposed to continue the war for the total expulsion of the French from Italy, and what they will do in return for the kindness he has shown them, seeing that for Charles's sake, he has refused to listen to the overtures made through Albany, and the Emperor's affairs are in good train. He is to urge the following reasons for continuing the war:—the honorable and necessary grounds which moved them to it; the firm alliance between them; the want of money and horsemen in France; the revolt of Bourbon, and 500 other gentlemen; the dislike in which the French king is held by his subjects; his distrust of his lords, of whom he does not know which are friends, and which foes; the danger of his recovering strength if not pressed; the dishonor he has suffered in Italy; the confederation between the states of Italy; the Venetians' abandonment of France, and adherence to the Emperor; the facilities for entering France on this side without besieging any strong places; the small resistance made to Suffolk, and to the Emperor's army in Spain; the discouragement given to the French king by the failure of the Scotch invasion and the flight of Albany; the annoyance already inflicted on the Scots; the readiness of the King's and the Emperor's ordnance; the large sums granted to them by their subjects; the likelihood that if the French king is once pressed, he will not be able for a long time to be again insolent; and the great uncertainty of his keeping a truce longer than is profitable to himself. My Lady should call a council, and thereupon declare to the King what she will do, and should take measures for its execution. Letters have been sent to the Emperor to the same effect.
	The King will buy the king of Denmark's great ship, of which Knight wrote in his letters of the 5th inst., if the price is reasonable. He will send over Wm. Gonson to inspect her, and meanwhile Knight must speak to the Chancellor that he may not try to sell her elsewhere.
	Wolsey cannot pass over in silence what lady Margaret and Hoghstrate said on New Year's Eve, on the receipt of letters from the Emperor's ambassador here and from Hesdyng, concerning the dissolution of the army, "with the color which they would make, affirming that neither horseman, footman, or wagonner of theirs can demand any piece of money of duty." Wishes Knight, when Hoghstrate is present, to say that Wolsey thought that a lady of her wisdom would not have excused notorious errors on their side by "inventions and compasses, by paraboles and assimulations, interpreting my sayings, mind, and intent to other sense than by the experience of mine accustumable manner she or the said lord Hoghstrate hath found cause or occasion to do;" for he has always endeavoured to promote the Emperor's and my Lady's weal, and has sometimes got the King to assist them when he might well have forborne to do so. Is not accustomed to ascribe anything to her wherein she is not culpable, but rather to excuse it. The King has never tried to separate himself from the Emperor, nor refused him in his greatest need, as Hoghstrate "indiscreetly and otherwise than truely inferred." My Lady cannot deny that long before the dissolution of the army she and Buren wrote that they could not find money to maintain it, whatever orders the Emperor might give; and this was shown to be the case when the Burgundians and lanceknights were daily departing, and those who remained were plundering the country; about which Wolsey wrote, and caused De Prat to write also, showing her what mischief would happen in case an invasion was made, and desiring her to have them better provided. But, however they may interpret his sayings, they will always find on this side such constant fastness as they have done hitherto. If they do not think so, he has bestowed much time and labor amiss. Wishes to know their answer by the next letter.
	Draft, pp. 11. Endd. Begins: Master Knight.
8 Jan. Add. MS. 24,965, 146b. B. M.	9. DACRE to WOLSEY.
	Received, on St. John's Day in Christmas, his letter dated Hampton Court, 24 Dec., with a memorial in French in my lord Treasurer's name, in answer to the instructions brought from Albany by Carrick pursuivant. Gave it to Carrick, with a letter to Albany. Sends a copy. Four days after, Carrick returned with a letter (enclosed) from the Duke, asking for a safeconduct for John de Barbon to Dacre. Last night Barbon came with a credence, also enclosed, and instructions signed by Albany, desiring a truce till Midsummer, with comprehension of friends and allies, engaging also to absent himself from Scotland for that time, or longer. Answered, he had no authority, but would conclude one for the time and according to the form prescribed by Wolsey. Barbon had no commission for such a truce; and showed Dacre an article in the instructions desired by Albany for persons to come to the King to treat for peace, and a blank for the names to be inserted. Encloses a copy of the instructions in Barbon's hand, and the form of safe-conduct Albany wishes. He desires also an abstinence of war for the same time, till the end of May, with comprehension for friends and allies, without which he can conclude nothing.
	Encloses a letter received today from the Queen, asking for the safeconduct and abstinence. Has promised her and the Duke to send them an answer in 12 days, as Wolsey will see by the enclosed. As there is no fodder for the horses of a garrison, advises the safe-conduct to be granted till the beginning of May. It may do much good, and can do no evil, as no great hurt can be done to Scotland in the meantime.
	After the holidays, sent his brother to muster the garrisons. Great default has been found, for which Dacre is blamed. Asks for special orders to check all who were absent. Of Sir Wm. Bulmer's retinue, many were away. It was said that 24 have ridden with him to London, and he expects wages for himself and them while absent. Morpeth, 8 Jan. 15 Hen. VIII.
	Pp. 3. Headed: Copie of a lettre to my lord Cardinallis Grace, aunswere to his lettre (fn. 14) hereunto sewed.
8 Jan. Add. MS. 24,965, f. 148. B. M.	10. DACRE to SURREY.
	Has written about Scotch affairs to Wolsey. The country has been in right good order since Surrey left. No great hurt has been done, either by Tindale or Riddesdale, or by Scotland, except "small stouthes." Has made an agreement between Tindale and Sir Rauff Fenwick, their keeper. Has sworn most of them to be the King's true subjects, and has charged Fenwick to swear the rest, so that if they break out he will be able not only to take them "as they may be gotten," but also to accuse them of breaking their oaths; "whereby they, nor their wives nor children, shall not come within any church to hear the service of God, nor yet have thing ministered unto them that doth appertain to Cristen man to have of the Church," as was the custom in the time of my lord of Winchester. This will be a fearful thing to them. Morpeth, 8 Jan. 15 Hen. VIII.
	P. 1. Headed: Copie, &c.
8 Jan. Add. MS. 24,965,f. 148. B. M.	11. DACRE to QUEEN MARGARET.
	Has today received her letter dated Stirling, 3rd inst. asking for a safe-conduct for the persons whom Albany will name, until the 15th or 31st of May, and an abstinence of war for the same time. Has not sufficient authority to grant it, but will write to the King, and send her letter. Promises her an answer in 12 days. Morpeth, 8 Jan. 15 Hen. VIII.
	P. 1. Headed: Copie, &c.
8 Jan. Add. MS. 24,965, f. 148 b. B. M. St. P. IV. 68.	12. DACRE to ALBANY.
	Has received by John de Burbon his letter dated Edinburgh the 2nd; heard Burbon's credence, and seen his instructions, signed by Albany. Albany ought to know, by the answer he had from Surrey, that Dacre has no authority to conclude a truce till Midsummer, or for any less term than the minority of the king of Scots, and that the comprehension of France must be referred to ambassadors sent to the King himself, to whom Dacre will give a safe-conduct. Perceives by the queen of Scotland's letter received today that Albany desires a blank safe-conduct for ambassadors till 31 May and abstinence of war during that term, with comprehension of allies. Has no power to grant this, but will ascertain the King's pleasure in 12 days. Morpeth, 8 Jan.
	Copy, p. 1.
R. O.	2. Another copy, written on the back of No. 3667, § 2. in Vol. III.
	Headed: Copy of a letter to the duke of Albany sent to him from the lord Dacre, answer of this letter hereunto annexed.
8 Jan. R. O.	13. THOS. STANLEY (LORD MONTEAGLE).
	1. Acknowledgment by Sir John Huse of the grant to him, Thos. lord Darcy and Sir Alex. Radcliff, of wardship and marriage of Thos. Stanley, s. and h. of the late lord Montegle, for sum of 1,200 mks., of which 360l. have been placed to the King's use in the hands of the abbot of Whalley. Signed: John Huse. Hilary term, 15 Hen. VIII.
	Mutilated.
R. O.	2. Indenture of the delivery to Thos. lord Darcy, by Ric. Bank, of 285¾ oz. of plate, late the lord Mountegle's, including a gilt crucifix, candlesticks and basins for the altar, a salt, an ewer, four candlesticks, &c., [in exchange for] two pots, two bowls, a salt, &c., weighing 104¾ oz., and 20l. 15s. 10d. Bank has also delivered a parcel gilt [ba]sen of 80½ oz., and a gold girdle of Paris work of 23 oz., "to be paid for by the said Lord [Darcy]... rth at such time as the said Sir John Hussy or Ric. Bank shall require it for my young lord...king is payment." [Also delivered to] Darcy a gold chain of 12 oz., a gold cross...a pointed diamond, four rubies, four small pearls and a great pearl. Templehirst, 8 Jan. 15 Hen. VIII. Signed by Bank.
	A fragment.
9 Jan. Vit. B. VI. (9). [App. XXIX.] B. M.	14. CLERK, PACE, and HANNIBAL to WOLSEY.
	The 1st inst. arrived a servant of the card. of Laur... (fn. 15) [from t]he French king, sent with answers to the Cardinal's letters about the Pope's e[lection,] and congratulatory letters to the Pope, making great offers of what is not his, as Parma, Placentia, and Ferrara, and saying that he only wishes for peace, and has sent [the Admiral] General of his army in Lombardy a commission to treat for peace in Italy. The Admiral has written to the Pope, offering to come to Rome for the purpose if the viceroy of Naples will do the same. The Pope has signified to the latter, that, if he can drive the French out, he will enter into no treaty, and has asked for a resolute answer, reminding him that the duchy of Milan is so exhausted that it cannot much longer sustain the war, "whereas the Florentens have lat[ely refused any] further contribution of money for the may[ntenance of the] war in Italy by vigore of the lige conclu[ded with the] late pope Adrian, alleging that after iij. m[onths shall be] exspiryd, they are not bounde to no such contri[bution]." The Pope, intending to show the King and Emperor that he will not fail to aid, has written sharply to the Florentines, and orders them to pay monthly 20,000 ducats, or 15,000 at least. Prosper Colonna is dead. The Emperor's affairs in Lombardy are not well governed, as the Pope hears from his servants in Milan.
	The Duke of Austria has sent to the Pope for aid against Luther, whose heresy daily increases, and he will send Campeggio as legate thither. The Pope says he will not allow the Admiral to come to Rome without the Viceroy's consent; and he will not treat with him, if he do come, without the knowledge of the English ambassadors. Intend, as they have no commission for peace, to persuade him to conclude nothing with the French king, without having knowledge of the King's mind, and an answer to the letters they have written by his Holiness' order, which he is very desirous of having. Think it better to dissuade him from the treaty, as the Viceroy is ready to fight the French. Have obtained the prorogation of Wolsey's legateship for life, with the faculties he had, and those he wished for; but the Pope hesitates to grant such faculties pro non familiaribus, as he has already done [pro] familiaribus. Still sue for it, but without great hopes, for all the cardinals and the rest of the court, who are "in great misery for the small expeditions that are now h[ere] made," are against us. Rome, 9 Jan. Signed.
	Pp. 3, mutilated. Add.: To my lord Legate's good grace.
9 Jan. Vit. B. VI. (7). [App. XXIX.] B. M.	15. CLERK to [WOLSEY].
	The agents of the bishops of P[ace] and Placentyne have asked him to translate Wolsey's pensions with which they are charged to the archbishopric of Toledo. Would not consent, because the translation would cost nearly 1,000 marks, which ought to be paid by the said bishops. Wolsey charged him not to allow the old pension to be extinguished till he was sure of the new; and the archbishopric being now void, though the Pope might assign a pension on the fruits, still, sede vacante, no one could be compelled to pay it. There are, besides, so many pensions and charges on the archbishopric that it is thought the Archbishop will not have enough. The Pope has a pension of 10,000 ducats, which he has divided among the cardinales prasentes, [giving] to each one thousand an[d]...ducats; and they are discontented, and would rather have it on the Pope's livings in France. As Wolsey has not only bulls but "surety of bank" for his whole pensions, has demanded the same for the new, which they have refused, and wish him first to consent to the extinction of the old pensions, saying that the Pope should the same day assign the new one, which could not be done. Is advised, therefore, not to meddle further without some more assurance.
	Are almost at a p[oint] with the Pope about Wolsey's matters.
	He is contented to confirm the legateship, with all faculties, for life, which was never heard of before. The ordering of Frideswides in Oxford is also at Wolsey's pleasure. "The only sticking is for certain faculties granted un[to]....et nobiles ut extendantur passim ad.... [his] holynes hath made great stikking and....hope of grace therein for the greate and import[able contra]rieties made by thayme of the courte here, say[ing that the] courte hath been and is totally impoverisshid....Fraunce a long season, and nowe Allmayn begy....to withdrawe ther expeditions from hens, they s[tick] so vehemently in this thing that I suppose we s[hall be] fain in conclusion to be content with this that we [have,] and to leave our suit for the rest." Wolsey is much beholden to Jo. Matheo, now datary. Advises him to write to congratulate and thank him. He is in great favor with the Pope, and none can do Wolsey more service. Rome, 9 Jan. Signed.
	Pp. 4, mutilated.
R. O.	16. [CLERK to WOLSEY.]
	[P.S.]—The Pope, expecting that Clerk would send a courier to the King with Wolsey's new bulls of legation, desired him to send him by Almain, for greater security, as divers couriers have been detained by the French in the duchy of Milan. Might have sent him by France at half the cost, but, to please the Pope, has despatched him by Almain, at a cost of 120 ducats.
	P. 1. Cipher deciphered.
9 Jan. Vit. B. VI. (3). App. xxix.] B. M.	17. RUSSELL to HENRY VIII.
	Received letters from Wolsey on the 4th, instructing him to send a post after Bourbon, and tell him Henry wishes him to pass through England on his way to Spain. Bourbon had arrived at Trent on 3 Dec., six days journey from Guy[enne]. He took that way because Mons. de Bisse, mareshal de lo[gis] to the Emperor, who came as ambassador to him, told him it was the shorter way, and as sure; and they have returned together. As to the King's wish that he should try to persuade La Faiette to come to England, has not heard from him since leaving Bourbon, but will send to Messe in Lorraine, to see if he be there. Messe is 200 miles off; but as soon as he hears where he is, will inform him of the King's wish. Bourbon wrote to La Faiette, when Russell was with the former at Augesey, that he should trust Russell as Bourbon himself.
	As to the conveyance of the money he has in charge to Antwerp, there are no factors of the Fulkers or Belzars near Besançon. They are dwelling at Auxbrough, 500 miles away. It would take a month to send there, and have an answer; and if it did take effect, it might be discovered, for there is little confidence in Almains. Has enquired as much as possible concerning the exchange of money. They will give no more than two gold gilderns for a noble, which would be a great loss in so large a sum. Knows this to be true; for when Count Felix borrowed 8,000 fl. of gold on jewels of Bourbon's at Auguesey and Strawbrock to pay the lanzknechts, they would only take the noble for two gold gilderns, and more than 60 stivers cannot be got for it. Advises Wolsey to send to A.... where the Fulkers and Belzers [have] their factors continually, and he will deliver the money to them in Besançon when the King orders. Has spoken to the man who conveyed the money hither; he thinks it should be carried in carts, packed in merchandise, and so pass through Lorreyne; and he also advises it to be carried through Almain in the same manner. Thinks it better to return by Almayne, as they have passed Lorreyne, Luxembourg, and Ardayne already; and it is too dangerous to pass them twice, and to carry it as before, on men's backs [in] coats of brigandines fashion, which the merchant will not meddle with for the same price as before.
	My Lady's council bargained with him for...cr. Asks if he shall have the charge, and how much he is to be paid. Has persuaded him to undertake it in Russell's company, but he trusts he will have more, as the way is longer. Had 23 horses last time, of which half were lost. Lost four of his own. The merchant took no charge of it, but only to convey it in Russel's company to the best of his power; and he will do no more now. Shall require at least 20 horse. Shall be able to lie every night in a good town; and though horsemen are more expensive than carts, they are better able to save themselves if danger should happen. With such a company well horsed and weaponed will be able to withstand a greater number. Will leave at night, and have the gates shut after them, so as to win a day's journey before their departure is known.
	The rectors and governors of Besançon are very honest men, and show great kindness to him for the King's sake. They have feasted him in their houses, and come daily to his lodging, offering to do what they can for him. Does not mistrust them in this affair; and, in fact, they are not privy to it, for he has spread a rumor that the money was long ago returned in vessels of wine, They are environed with evil neighbours,—French, Lorrains, Almains, Swiss, and Savoyard; but especially count Gilline de Fustembergh, who has a place near, and has always served the French king, and, it is said, has a pension from him. He daily tries to do them harm, threatens to cut down their vines, and is the chief cause of their making an alliance with the Swiss. Fears that the French king may have heard of the money, and caused him to make these threats, to obtain possession of it. If so, the governors may not be [able to withstand] the fury of the commonalty. Asks for orders as soon as possible. The Count is gone to Norr[imberg], 100 leagues from Besançon, where the archduke of Austria is assembling a general [diet] for the Emperor. It is said here that the 4,000 Swiss whom the French king has engaged, are ready, or gone to Italy, and that the French foot are returning daily. It they return as they have done this month, there will be few left.
	While the French king was at Blaise he sent for the nobles, and told them what state he was in, and how Bourbon had left the realm, and made alliance with the Emperor and king of England, intending to attack France. Does not know what was concluded, but he has sent La Palize with 500 men-at-arms to Langdok. It is said Francis left Blaise on Dec. 29, and has gone towards Guienne. All the prisoners, Bourbon's friends, were brought to Paris, Dec. 28.
	There have been divers "erthquaves," and it was feared the castles and towns would fall. Floods are expected in February, and great quantities of food are being carried to the high grounds. They have made great processions, carrying the sacrament with great devotion, and going barefoot; the young people bearing white rods, and crying miscricorde. They intend to continue this every Sunday till after February. Besançon, 9 Jan. Signed.
	Pp. 7, mutilated. Add. Endd.
10 Jan. Calig. E. I. 72. B. M.	18. PACOLLET to MONS. DE PONTHIEVRE.
	Has received a packet from Jean Jaques, with a letter for Ponthievre. He is in a carrack of Genn[es] escorted by 20 galleys, &c. Hopes the French will not stay in the duchy of Milan. The viceroy of Naples has arrived with a Spanish force [and] the lanceknights which his brother went for. Pescara has arrived. Prosper Colonna died on the 15th Dec. The army of the Emperor has seized all the territory of the King of Navarre on this side the mountain of Rouse....(?) The matter is growing worse. The gentlemen of the King's house have been twice sent for to rendezvous at Toulouse. (fn. 16) The Swiss have been ordered to [send back] (de rans....) into Italy 6,000 men, "quar ceux que il estien dede....san estien revenu. II son fort apres parfaire.. declaire nostre prince, mes il san gardera tan [quil] pourra. Illon tan fest (Ils ont tant fait?) que lon nous a defandu de n[ous] bouger de nous meszon, mes quan le moche picquere....sortiron haux chans, quy quanparle." Genesve (Genoa), 10 Jan.
	Hol., Fr., p. 1, mutilated. Add.
11 Jan. Add. MS. 24,965,f. 149. B. M.	19. DACRE to MASTER CONYNGESBY.
	Is asked by his kinsmen, James, William, and Thos. Pekering, to desire him not to fetch away his goods in the North till he comes thither, that some friendly agreement may be made as to what they claim. As Dacre hears that he intends to come next Lent, it can do no harm to leave them.
	As to the gentlewoman under age, who is heiress to the Moresby and Pekering lands, Dacre and her other friends advise him to collect all the evidences and heirlooms belonging to the inheritors, and give them in charge to some substantial man in the North till she come to the age of consentment. Morpath, 11 Jan. 15 Hen. VIII.
	P. 1. Headed: Copie, &c.
11 Jan. R. O.	20. WEST BP. OF ELY to WOLSEY.
	Received on the 9th his letters dated 31 Dec., expressing a wish that master Robt. Noke should be sub-dean of his chapel. He is not yet in West's service, but has been with him this Christmas. Sends him as Wolsey desired. Thinks he will not be able to serve as sub-dean, owing to certain infirmities. Somersham, 11 Jan. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: To my lord Legate's grace.
12 Jan. Add. MS. 24,965, f. 155. B. M.	21. ALBANY to DACRE.
	Has received his letter by John de Barbon. Is glad that he approves what was sent to him, and that he shows such good will to Albany and to universal peace. Has sent Barbon back to Caldstrame to wait for the answer which will be sent to Dacre. Carrick, the bearer, will also stay with him, that not a single hour may be lost. Asks credence for Barbon's letters. Wishes him to keep matters as secret as possible. Haddington, 12 Jan. Signed.
	Fr., p. 1. Add.
12 Jan.	22. For PATRICK FYNGLAS.
	To be chief baron of the Exchequer in Ireland for life, with 40l. Irish a year, having held the office previously,—notwithstanding the Act that no one shall administer justice in Ireland except at the King's pleasure. Hampton Court, 12 Jan.
	Pat. 15 Hen. VIII. p. 2, m. 20.
13 Jan. R. O. St. P. VI. 232.	23. CLEMENT VII. to WOLSEY.
	In commendation of Hannibal, and his services in promoting Clement to the Papacy. As a journey during the winter is unfit for his age, will retain him till the spring, and then send him with a golden rose for the King. Rome, 13 Jan. 1524, 1 pont.
	Lat., vellum. Add. Endd.
13 Jan. Galba, B. VIII. 101. B.M.	24. WM. KNIGHT to [WOLSEY].
	On the 10th inst., Knight and Hochstrate, being "convited" by the card. of Liege, reasoned after dinner about the wars. The Cardinal said he could not commend Buren's conduct in pushing his army so far into France; for his advice was, that, avoiding strongholds, they should take places that could be won without difficulty, and fortify them as they went on, so that in two or three years you might have the enemy at your pleasure. In proof of this he pointed to Calais, by which the English had always kept France in fear, and obtained a great pension. Hoochstrate expressed great satisfaction at the Cardinal's speech, saying he never heard anything that made better for the King's purpose. Knighte rather confirmed what they said in order to find out their object, saying that if Bohain, being strong in itself, had been fortified with men and victuals, it would have been a great security for Hainault. On this Hochstrate said that Bohain was lost; which Knighte was never sure of before, as the reports did not agree; and that the French were at its gates before the garrison knew of their approach. On hearing of it, they had gone to the walls, and asked what the French wanted, who answered they required delivery of the castle. The others asked what terms they should have; and the place was surrendered without a blow.
	The Cardinal's plan would involve long continuance of war, and is quite contrary to that of Bourbon last year, who advised their marching into the interior of France, when he would have joined them, and compelled Francis to fight or fly. They have views of their own, like the late king of Arragon, who, on pretence of helping the King to his right in Gascony and Guienne, got Navarre at the King's expense. Last year, if the King's army had not been brought by policy to these frontiers, Friesland would not have been reduced; and now they mean to make war upon the Gueldrois, though he cannot believe they will attempt it without having Englishmen between them and France. For this Hesdin is now with Wolsey, though perhaps he is not privy to their object. Hochstrate said that if the armies had remained they would have been sent to Cambray, which is a neutral city. The Cambresis had fortified it from apprehension, and after the armies were dissolved my Lady sent, by advice of the Council, a mes- senger to Cambray, bidding them be ready to defend their town against La Tremouille, who was going thither with a great power, or she would arrest all the goods of their townsmen in these parts. Thus they have coloured their intent, and defer it to a better opportunity. Brussels, 13 Jan.
	Hol., mutilated, pp. 4.
13 Jan. Add. MS. 24,965, f.149 b. B.M.	25. DACRE to SURREY.
	There has been great variance between the Horsleys, the Claverings, and Carrs, on account of two murders, in both of which the parties bound themselves to abide the award of lord Ogle, Sir Rauff Fenwick, and others. The awards were given, and the King's pardon obtained; but the Claverings and Carrs refuse to abide by the award. Advises they should be bound to keep the peace, or a special letter sent from the King to that effect. Morpath, 13 Jan. 15 Hen. VIII.
	P.1. Headed: Copie, &c.
14 Jan. R.O. St. P. VI. 233.	26. WOLSEY to SAMPSON and JERNINGHAM.
	Wrote to them last by Lurcy, Bourbon's servant, advertising them of the breaking up of the army under Suffolk, in consequence of the weather, the difficulty of obtaining limoners, and the skaling of Bourbon's army. The King had done his utmost to keep the expedition on foot, but was compelled to yield to circumstances. In declaring these things to the Emperor, they are to discover how he is disposed to the war; and whether he is inclined to carry on the enterprise. Judging from their last information, and the small appearance that the Emperor is furnished with money, and that the king of France, perceiving the same, is likely to be more obstinate, the King and Wolsey have found a way how the enemy may be annoyed without excessive charge to the Emperor, and perhaps be induced to offer better terms. If the device take effect, "the Emperor may say he is not a little bounden unto the King's Highness."
	Notwithstanding the great expenses to which the King is subject by this war, he is content to bear the same, and even to do more, if a truce be not offered advantageous to both. He proposes that the duke of Bourbon should command in Flanders 3,000 Burgundian horse, to be raised at the Emperor's charge, and 10,000 lanceknights, jointly, to which the King will add 1,000 archers; the army to pass into Normandy or to Paris, "there to recover some towns and places to the King's use, which shall be more facile for the said duke of Bourbon to do than any other person." This done, the King will follow either in person or by his lieutenant.
	Insists on the advantage of this arrangement, and on the saving to the Emperor of the portion of 200,000 cr. due to Bourbon.
	The Duke, being thus supported, will be able to create a revolution in France, and the French king so occupied that he cannot attack the Emperor's countries. This, with some enterprise to be made in Britain by De Pountiver, who is now in England, will greatly advance the common affairs.
	Are to urge the Emperor to send Bourbon into England, that they may deliberate upon this matter; and to give orders to his agents here to perform his commission, "without using such remiss manner, delay and difficulty therein by colorable excuses, and for lack of furniture of money, as hath been done beforetime." The King will give no further assistance to Bourbon, if the enterprise be not attempted on this side. They are to urge this upon the Emperor, and desire him to give orders for furnishing the money on his own part. Hampton Court, 14 Jan. Signed.
R.O.	2. Modern copy, dated 15 January.
14 Jan. Vesp. C. II. 254. B.M.	27. JERNINGHAM to [WOLSEY].
	On news arriving of the breaking of Bourbon's army, the Emperor changed his purpose of joining the army, as they had written. Arrived at St. John Peterport on the 18th December, a place of no strength. The castle was razed by the French three years ago, the Emperor's staple being in the town, under Dygo de Vero. On the 19th at Santpelay under Comendador Menecis, where he met the prince of Orange. Halfe Fallas has been slain; a Burgundian named Bewgye taken, for whom the prince of Navarre paid 1,000 crowns, and sent him home without ransom. Salvatierra has been surrendered. Description of it. It stands most commodious for Bayonne and Axe. Jerningham reckons it the key of the country. Thinks it was surrendered by appointment. The prince of Orange and Rokyndolffe were not consulted. Much artillery found in it, and other provisions, worth 50,000 ducats; but the Emperor gains little.
	The count Onyate and don Peryvell appointed governors. The 21st the prince of Orange marched to La Bastyll. Great lack of victuals till the army came to Fontarabia. Accounts of the taking of Vidach castle, belonging to Egremond, lieutenant of Lautrec, by the Almaines. Its situation described. On the 23rd overtook the Constable at La Bord in Guienne. On the 26th at Bastill de Clarence; on the 27th at Lesparrot. All anxious to attack Bayonne and not Fontarabia, notwithstanding the Emperor's words. Could not persuade the Constable to march thither. The castle of Moulyon su Sone, won by Mons. de Lucis, of the house of Beaumont, is likely to be as soon lost, as the Imperialists leave no garrison in the country. Its situation described. On the 28th marched to Ausse, when Jerningham left to persuade the Emperor to attack Bayonne. Thinks it was never intended, "whatsoever before hath been promised or said." The number of divisions of the army. It is inefficient, and badly managed. The Viceroy's brother of Arragon distinguished himself, especially at Ollorun; but all his company, with the exception of 500, returned before they reached the army, as the Viceroy's brother pretends, through want of their wages. The alteration in Bourbon's affairs has changed those of Spain, as he will see by their letters. The army is now at Fontarabia. Thanks for being appointed vicechamerlain. Vittoria, 14 Jan. Signed.
	Pp. 12. Apostyle by Tuke in margin, and heading in Tuke's hand: Sir Ric. Jernyngham's letter apart.
14 Jan. Add. MS. 24,965, f. 154, B. M.	28. DACRE to SURREY.
	There is no news since he wrote to Wolsey. Northumberland is in good order, and no hurt has been done "by stouthe nor reif" since he left. After Christmas, sent his brother to muster the garrisons; but the truth is too shameful to tell, on account of the great number absent. The inhabitants of the bishopric, who had bills filed against the men of Tindale before Sir Wm. Bulmer and others appointed by Surrey, complain that they can get no redress, as Bulmer can inform him. Sir Wm. Lisle, whom Surrey appointed captain of Wark, has not done his duty. He has never been in the castle since Surrey left, and only eight of his 40 horsemen were at the musters. He has now given up the post, and Dacre was obliged to send Chr. Thrilkeld to take it till he could hear the King's pleasure. Sir Rauff Fenwike has asked to be captain. Dacre advises Surrey to send him a letter that he can show to Fenwike, saying that he is surprised that he has not kept his promise touching the redress to be made by Tindale, that the King is displeased, and is minded, if he does not keep Tindale in good order, rather to take away his present offices than give him others; and he therefore advises him to occupy those he has better for the King's honor and the weal of the poor people. Asks him to speak to Sir John Husey, that he may have the prise wine of Newcastle when it comes. Will find surety to discharge him of it in the Exchequer. Morpeth, 14 Jan. 15 Hen. VIII.
	Pp.2. Headed: Copie, &c.
15 Jan. R.O.	29. JOHN BISHOP OF CARLISLE to WOLSEY.
	According to the acts in Wolsey's last convocation, sends by the bearer, John Heryng his official, a certificate of the subsidy to be levied in Cumberland and Westmoreland. Certifies the sums which come to his audit of the whole revenues of the bishopric, both contributory and not contributory to the subsidy, of which Wolsey can tax all or part, as he pleases.
	Northumberland: spiritualties, 60l. Cumberland: spiritualties and temporalties, demesnes, and casualties, 260l. Westmoreland: 8l. Lincolnshire: spiritualties and temporalties, deducting fees, 110l. Derbyshire: spiritualties and temporalties, 45l. Carlisle: rents at London, 13l. 6s. 8d. Total, 496l. 6s. 8d. Has been charged at London 40l. this past year for repairs, not including piecing and mending the old houses in these parts, but all he has is at the King's commandment. The Roos Castle, 15 Jan. Signed.
	P.1. Add.: To my lord Legate's grace. Sealed. Endd.
15 Jan. Vesp. C. II. 260. B.M.	30. SAMPSON and JERNINGHAM to WOLSEY.
	Left Pampeluna 1 Jan. Met Bourbon's servant coming from England on the 2nd, who delivered them Wolsey's letters of the 4th and 8th Dec., with copies from my lady Margaret, De Buren, the Duke of Suffolk; Sir Will. Fitzwilliam's instructions if the said Duke should send lord Sands to lady Margaret, and the King's and Wolsey's letters to Bourbon. The Emperor had arrived on the 5th. On the 6th presented their letters, declared their charge touching the movement of his army, its delay and inefficiency long after the English were at Calais, the causes of the King's forces staying at Dovor, lady Margaret's refusal to entertain them, &c. The Emperor's reply. They urged him to be candid, as their master was much pressed by his armies in Flanders and Scotland, and on the seas, and receives no advantage; persuading him also not to disband. On the 10th the Chancellor proposed that an army should be set on foot next year, Bourbon remaining in Italy, England contributing with him. Their reply, insisting on the King's charges and his loss of all profit, especially as the Emperor declined the recovery of Bayonne; that Italy is of no consequence to the English; Scotland is more important. He desired, however, that instructions should be sent to the Spanish ambassadors in England. On their marvelling at Bourbon's failure the Chancellor answered in such a way that they could not believe him. Cannot perceive any intention to extend the King's dominions. It is not acceptable to the Spaniards. All that the Emperor wished in commanding his army was to meet the duke of Bourbon; that failing, it withdrew to Fontarabia, and is to be disbanded. Can perceive no indication in the Duke or his servants of any goodwill to England. (fn. 17) On the 13th., urged the Chancellor to dispatch, as their King was waiting for his answer. The Emperor could not entertain an army in Flanders; would not press the King, except to the contribution of 100,000 crowns for Bourbon in Italy. The Emperor desires some arrangement, but cannot maintain the war under the pretext of preparing for the great enterprise which he cannot perform. He will merely secure his own frontier.
	Sampson adds that in consequence of Jerningham's absence he had written already to Wolsey that Beaurain is despatched into Italy to the Pope, and about the affairs of Bourbon, and to raise an army in Italy against the French. The Emperor is glad to hear of the King's success in Scotland; Nassau takes little interest in affairs. The imperial army has suffered much from cold and hunger. Jerningham had written to Wolsey of its successes. The wife of Dr. De Victoria, physician to the Queen's grace, has shown them many favors. Have no news of the papal election. Vittoria, 15 Jan.
	Hol., pp. 14; part in cr. deciphered by Tuke; also, apostyle by the same.
f.268.	31. ii. The SAME to HENRY VIII.
	A breviate of the previous letter, with the exception of one or two minute particulars, in one of which they enter more fully into Madame Victoria's hospitality. Jerningham lodged in her house; Sampson in one of her kinsman's. Same date.
	Hol., pp. 4.
f.270.	32. iii. The SAME to WOLSEY.
	A breviate of their previous letter of the 15th. Pampeluna, 18 Jan.
	Hol., pp. 5.