Henry VIII: November 1546, 1-10 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 21 Part 2, September 1546-January 1547. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1910.

Citation:

'Henry VIII: November 1546, 1-10', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 21 Part 2, September 1546-January 1547, ed. James Gairdner, R H Brodie( London, 1910), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol21/no2/pp169-188 [accessed 16 November 2024].

November 1546, 1-10



1 Nov.	333. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A. P. C., 546.	Meeting at Windsor, 1 Nov. Present: Chancellor, Norfolk, Great Master, Privy Seal, Hertford, Lord Chamberlain, Essex, Admiral, Durham, Winchester, Gage, Browne, Wingfield, Paget, Petre, Sadler, Riche. Business:—Upon complaint by the University of Cambridge, letters (recited) were addressed to the mayor and aldermen to take their oath from the University, as accustomed. Letter to Lord President of Wales to settle a dispute between Cuthbert Shaftowe and Cuthbert Carnabie, dwellers within his commission. To Deputy of Calais to admit his son William Cobham to the room of a spear there, vice Mr. Tate. Three letters of appearance to ———— (blank) to appear forthwith before the Lords at Westminster.
1 Nov.	334. The Privy Council to the Mayor, etc., of Cambridge.
Lamb's Cambridge Documents 73. Cooper's Annals, I. 441.	Marvel at their refusal to take oath at the University's hands for the conservation of peace as their predecessors did. Advise them to conform to custom, as the King's authority prescribes. Afterwards any allegations against their being so charged will be heard by the Council. Windsor Castle, 1 Nov. 1546. Signed by Wriothesley, Norfolk, St. John, Russell, Hertford, Durham, Winchester, Lisle, Browne, Paget, Petre, Sadler.
Harl. MS. 7041 f. 69b, B. M.	2. Modern copy of the above letter.
	P. 1.
1 Nov.	335. Vaughan to Henry VIII.
R. O.	This day at 3 p.m. came the answer of a letter sent to Lord Gray, deputy of Bulleyn, signifying that the French king's money was yesternight at Hardelot, and his lordship would meet it to-day at Pontprige and by his letter desired Lord Cobham, deputy of Calles, to send men of arms and other horsemen and footmen to meet them this afternoon at Marguysen; which is done. As Fowler has the copies of acquittances in his house beside London, I sent him over with all diligence to take them to the Council. Calleys, Alhalowen Day, 4 p.m.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
1 Nov.	336. Vaughan to Wriothesley and Paget.
R. O.	This day at 3 p.m. Lord Gray sent his letter signifying that the French king's money arrived yesternight at Hardelot and he would convoy it to-day from Pontprige, desiring the Lord Deputy to send to meet them this afternoon; who, albeit having no commission to do so, sends as many horsemen as the short time would suffer, and this night we look for its arrival here. Calleys, Alhalowen Day, at 4 p.m.
	Fowler departs to-night to deliver you the copies of the acquittance, and will further instruct you concerning the reward.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
R. O.	2. Form of receipt by Henry VIII from Francis I by the hands of ––––––– (blank) of 47,368 cr. 16s. Tournois, each crown worth 38s. Tournois, due this day in part payment of 1,894,736 cr. 32s. Tournois, owing to Henry and his successors, as appears by obligations and by the treaty of perpetual peace. Dated at –––––– (blank), 1 Nov. 1546, r.r. 38 Hen. VIII.
	Latin. Paper roll of two sheets written on the one side only. Endd.: [Copy of the acqui]ttance . . . . . . . . for the French money.
R. O. St. P., xi. 338.	3. Henry VIII's acknowledgment of receipt at Calais, from Francis I., by the hands of Mâitre Anthoine de Bonacorsy, one of his secretaries, of 52,368 cr. 16s. Tournois, viz. 47,368 cr. 16s. due for one term of Henry's pension and 5,000 cr. for one term of the payment for salt, in pursuance of the treaty last made at –––––––– (blank) the –––––––– (blank) day of –––––––– (blank) and of former treaties of 30 Aug. 1525 and 30 April 1527. "Donné a etc."
	French. Draft, p. 1. Endd.: Copie of the Kinges Ma^ties acquitance dd. to the French secr. for the receipte of the money at Callais. Novembr. 1546.
2 Nov.	337. Vaughan to the Council.
R. O.	This day between 2 p.m. and 3 p.m. arrived the money out of France, brought by a servant of one of the French king's treasurers, who says that he brings 52,358 cr. and "odd soulz." Did not press him to tell the exact sum lest he should think that his acquittance was not come. He asked whether Mons. Bernard were arrived in England with the draft sent from France of the said acquittance. Answered yes, and that he should have his acquittance to his own desire. He asked if it were in French; and Vaughan answered that it was in Latin as usual. He desired to begin telling in the morning, but Vaughan said that he might repose himself for a day. Requires them to send the acquittance with diligence; which Fowler says he left, by indenture, with you, my lord Chancellor, by the King's command, and has neither copy nor draft himself. Fowler also says that the reward given at payment of the old pension was 300 cr. or 400 cr. according as the sum brought was less or more. Looks for Mr. Knyght, the assay master, to arrive to-night. Fowler says that at the receipt they used to have a goldsmith, who, after the telling of every bag, weighed and touched one marke weight. The bringer says that the crowns are as good as he could get in all Lyons; which answers Vaughan's saying to the King that the merchants in Flanders, before he left, gave interest for crowns to be sent, for the French king's service, to Lyons. Callais, 2 Nov., at night.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.
2 Nov.	338. Sir Thomas Moyle to Paget.
R. O.	Understanding that the courts of Augmentation and Survey shall now be united, and only ten auditors appointed, begs that "one young man named William Goodyng (who hath married my lady Poppe his sister) that at this present and of a good season hath been one auditor and is in that faculty so expert as very few are to be found his better," may have Paget's favour to be appointed one of the ten. Bulloigne, 2 Nov. 1546.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
3 Nov.	339. Bonacorsy to Paget.
R. O.	Takes the opportunity of this bearer to write that he is come hither with one term of the King of England's pension. Thought to begin telling it this morning, but Mons. de Couban prayed him to wait a little. Will have such patience as Paget may command. Calais, 3 Nov. 1546.
	French. Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
3 Nov.	340. The Bishop of Arras to St. Mauris.
R. O. St. P., xi. 356.	This courier is despatched in haste because of the Emperor's surprise at not hearing from you for so long, which arouses suspicion that ——— "(here was a line and a half of ciphers)." Sends copy of his letters to the Queen of Hungary touching occurrents. In skirmishes our men have done the enemy's horsemen much hurt, only seven days ago cutting up an entire squadron and taking their standards; since which the enemy will not be drawn out of their camp. Seeing them too strongly posted to be attacked, the Emperor last Sunday (fn. n1) left the camp from which Arras wrote his previous letters, and, passing in sight of the enemy's camp, came to lodge here between Loginghen and Tillinghe on the Dunaw where bridges may be made so as to simultaneously harrass Auspurg, Ulme and the enemy's camp, distant only one German league. There is appearance that Auspurg and Ulme may come to reason, in the former of which have been mutinies against the government. Our men daily take booty and prisoners from them, one of whom, taken the day before yesterday, offers 2,000 cr. For his ransom. A goldsmith has been caught taking to the Lantgrafe's camp two waggons laden with stuff for making false money for the Lantgrafe, including fine silver worth 5,000 fl. Already in last month's pay the dalers valued at 27 batzes were only worth 7. At Constantinople letters of the enemy have been presented to the Turk, who flatly refused their demand. Maître Gerard, who is there, has been instructed to break their practice. The 300 men of arms from Naples should be already at Ispruch, which will encourage our men against the enemy, whom God will soon chastise as they deserve. The Emperor is well, as you may assure the Queen with my humble commendations. Camp at Loghinghen, 3 Nov. 1546.
	French. Copy, pp. 3. Headed by Wotton: Copye of Mons. Darras first letter. Begins: Mon oncle.
3 Nov.	341. Christian III to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Recommends bearer Wolfgang Bachman, who has for some time served in his household and now desires to enter Henry's service. Ex Lundis Metropoli Schaniæ, iii nonas Novembris anno '46." Not signed.
	Latin. Add. Endd. Seal lost.
4 Nov.	342. Philip Count Palatine.
	Annuity. See Grants in November, Nos. 8 and 77.
4 Nov.	343. Oxford Cathedral.
	Foundation. See Grants in November, No. 9.
4 Nov.	344. Parliament.
	[Note. The second session of the Parliament of 37 Hen. VIII met on 4 Nov. and was adjourned till 14 Jan. after which one Act only was passed. See further notices under 27 and 31 Jan. 1546-7.]
R. O.	2. "Causes for consultation in the Parliament."
	That the King may have his subjects' help in paying the debts incurred in the late wars. That Ecclesiastical persons having lands belonging to their offices may be restrained from alienating and wasting them. That the exportation of horses and money may be made more penal. That certain laws contrary to treaties of peace and intercourse may be dispensed with by the King, for the performance of his pacts with other princes. That treasurers and receivers of the King's money be bound under a great penalty to account yearly, and if any die within the year, the King to have his remedy against their heirs and executors. That if persons die in debt to the King, he shall be paid from their lands.
	Pp. 2.
4 Nov.	345. The Privy Council to Vaughan.
R. O.	Upon Vaughan's letters, both to the King and the Council, announcing the arrival at Calais of a servant of the French king's treasurer with the money due for the pension (the amount of which will be known by the acquittance already sent) his Highness requires him, after receiving the whole sum, to deliver the said treasurer's servant 300 cr. by way of reward. Windsor, 4 Nov. 1546. Signed by Lisle, Wingfield, Petre and Sadler.
	P. 1. Fly leaf with address lost. Endd.: . . . . . . Vaughan iiij Nov[embris] 1546.
4 Nov.	346. Selve to Francis I.
Corresp., No. 49.	On the 1st had audience of the King at Windsor to declare the news contained in the despatches of 20 Oct. The King seemed little pleased, or rather astonished, especially that Francis had ordered Strozzi to quit the camp of the Germans; and when Selve protested the sincerity of Francis, said that it might be that Francis had not communicated what he thought, or that the Emperor, at least, still believed that Francis was meddling in German affairs. Selve replied that if Francis held the Emperor enemy he had better means of harming him than the sending of 200,000 cr. to the Germans. The King then asked why Francis was taking up so much money at the fair of Lyons and fortifying his frontiers. Answered that it was to keep the money in the kingdom, which he would defend against all assailants. The King said that was wisely done, but he thought rather that it was for an enterprise on the side of Milan next spring, and it was known that Francis had a servant secretly soliciting the Germans to descend thither at that time; he claimed a right to Milan, and would never be satisfied till he had it. Having reminded the King of the regard shown him by Francis in the choice of commissioners to settle differences between them, Selve was asked if there was no mention of marriage. Asked what marriage? The King answered, Of Madame de Lorraine, widow of the late Duke. With whom, asked Selve. But he would say no more.
	Of the two books about which Francis writes. Olivarino does not know that Damascenus is in this country but says that Plautinus is at Oxford, where are several other rare books of which Selve will try to obtain a list. Will see whether he can have the Plautinus without making a request to the King, though he will not fail to do so if necessary. But they will hardly let it be taken away, and a copyist must be sent from France as none may be found here. London, 4 Nov. 1546.
	The King has asked him to write about the arrest, at Turin, of the Cavalier Boa, an Albanese, taken since the signature of the peace.
	Fr.
4 Nov.	347. Selve to the Admiral [of France.]
Corresp., No. 50.	As ordered in last despatch, has enquired the object of the maritime armaments, and finds it to be Scotland, where the English daily suffer hurt and quite lately lost five fine ships. Some say that owing to anxiety here about a fishing fleet which went into Ireland the King prepared these ships; but Selve does not believe it, and rather thinks they are for some enterprise upon the castle of St. Andrews or elsewhere in Scotland. On the other hand, as the time of year (armée qu. année?) is adverse, many say that these are only preparations against next year when a great enterprise against Scotland both by sea and land is rumoured. At any rate I understand that the ships are still on this coast, and men being openly levied both here and on the Scottish frontier to go thither,—whether to defend or attack, I know not. Great provision is made for biscuits and other provisions and munitions. The herald of Scotland who came hither with M. de Mandosse left again, soon after your departure, with the safe conduct which he demanded for the deputies whom the Scots were to send hither; and as the Scots have not yet sent them this King is very annoyed, thinking he has either been slighted or deceived. Is just told that the Admiral of England has let certain foreign captains know that they might hold themselves in readiness to accompany him in the said enterprise of Scotland before Christmas; and learns, from the same source, that two English ships have lately managed to get so near the castle of St. Andrews as to put in victuals and men. Is trying hard to find means of warning the King's ambassador in Scotland, and in this respect will perform his duty and the King's commands. What makes it likely that this Admiral will be employed is that he is just recently at Court, where he had not been for more than a month because of a blow he gave to the bp. of Winchester in full Council, for which he has been in trouble and danger, and now seems to be well received. It is difficult to find out more about the journey in Coustantin because the person who told St. Blancard's lieutenant of it is now very honorably placed in the service of him whom Selve named as having made the journey; but he learns from other sources that Mr. Myotys has been along almost the whole coast of Normandy viewing the ports and landing places. Selve's remonstrances upon the refusal to release the baron de St. Blancard are ineffectual, this King intending to deliver only the galley and soldiers and not the baron, whom, he says, he has given to Captain Paston. London, 3 (qu. 4 ?) Nov. 1546.
	Fr.
4 Nov.	348. Selve to the French Ambassador in Flanders.
Corresp., No. 51.	Only received yesterday his letter of the 15th ult. and welcomes gratefully the ambassador's offer to continue to him the friendship borne to the late M. de Lavaur, his brother. Has no news but what is rather old, his last letters from the King of the 20th ult. containing the news from Germany of the 13th, viz., that the Emperor had captured a fort above Tonnert (which the Protestants had abandoned in order to succour Nurlingue), and then, by connivance of some of the inhabitants, got possession of the town of Tonnert and was lodged there. News from Flanders would often be useful to the writer here, where most reports are alleged to be news from the Court of Flanders. Such news is that told here that the Emperor comes to winter in Flanders, whereas letters from elsewhere import that he will winter in Germany. This King is secretly delivering about 100,000 cr. to merchants of this town to be repaid in Antwerp at Candlemas, to whom and to what end the writer cannot learn. It would be a great help to him to know how, in the ambassador's opinion, the English stand with those there; for here he can only judge by external demonstrations, which are very contradictory. Great preparations are made by sea and land, ostensibly for war against Scotland. London 4 Nov. 1546.
	Fr.
4 Nov.	349. Lord Grey to the Council.
R. O.	Certain of the King's ancient servants were at His Highness' departing hence "placed here in xijd. a piece [by] the day. The same at the coming [hither of] Sir Richard S[outhwell] . . . . . . . .wages 'bated (?) . . . . . . . . . .they have ben [in hand with me] since my coming hither for r . . . . . . . . .behalf; and forasmuch as the thing [was] done in my lord of Surreis time and lieth not in me to alter," I write, at their suit, for your favourable consideration of their good and long service. Bulloign, 4 Nov. 1546. Signed.
	P. 1. Mutilated. Add. Endd.: touching them of the guard of Bulloyn.
4 Nov.	350. Lord Grey to the Earl of Essex.
R. O.	In consideration of the good service which bearer, Thomas Gylpin, did the King, under me, at Guisnes, I appointed him, with Sir Richard Candisshe's consent, leader of the light horsemen at Blackenesse; and my lord of Hertford, at last being here, was well content therewith. Notwithstanding, by the letters which came of late from my lord Privy Seal, your Lordship and Mr. Secretary, he is displaced; and is therefore a suitor to me to write to you in his favour, saying that his kindred is well known to you, and served under you in the North. If there appear no just cause why he should lose his room I beg that he may be restored to it. Bolloin, 4 Nov. 1546. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
4 Nov.	351. King Ferdinand to Charles V.
R. O. St. P., xi. 344.	Wrote in his last of the exploit which his general had begun, and of the taking of Platna and Godsgab. Last night his chancellor of Bohemia brought word that on Saturday last (fn. n2) the general sent 800 light horse, and 400 men of arms to discover the country; who captured the fortifications made to bar their passage and won the little town of Hardorff. But, having no footmen to leave in garrison and being only out to reconnoitre, they returned to camp. Next day the general passed the frontier with the whole army; and, the enemy having meanwhile sent six ensigns of footmen and 400 men of arms to Hardorff, these resisted our advance. But when they saw the whole army and artillery following, they fled, and ours pursued, killing 1,200 and taking 500 prisoners, so that very few of the horsemen escaped. The town of Elsnitz, one of the principal places after Zwichaw, then surrendered and ten of the neighbouring gentlemen came in to submit, while others are waiting to do the same. Fourteen pieces of artillery were captured. Our men behaved well, especially the Hungarians, and got great booty, which encourages them to continue this enterprise.
	The Chancellor was present throughout; and on his return, in La Montaigne, heard great battery of artillery which he presumes to have been that of Duke Maurice, who was (as already written) to begin his enterprise on Sunday last.
	French, pp. 2. Extract headed: "Article extraict des lettres du Roy des Romains a l'Empereur dez Prag, du iiij^e de Novembre, contenant l'exploit que son armee a faict entrant en Saxen."
	352. Bohemian News.
R. O. St. P., xi. 356.	"A clause copied out of the bishop of Arras' second letter." The Bohemians and Hungarians have taken the mines of Schutyberg, the towns of Platna, Golgab, Audorf, &c.; and, on All Saints Day, the Hungarian light horse defeated six ensigns of foot and 400 horse and captured 13 pieces of artillery. For this, Bohemia has extended the pay of the army from St. Martin's Day to 10 Dec. next. The conquest shall be partly for that kingdom and partly for Duke Maurice who is now battering Zbrilcha where the king of the Romans' camp will join him.
	Fr., p. 1. In Wotton's hand with his heading as above, and a note that "Zbrilcha" probably means "Zwicka."
5 Nov.	353. Vaughan to Wriothesley.
	On the 5th inst I received, by Mr. Knyght, your letter and the King's acquittance; and to-morrow I begin to receive, retaining the acquittances till the end. If the crowns are not so good as the treaty requires, I shall endeavour to make the treasurer acknowledge by writing the lack thereof; and for any notable deficiency will detain him until the King's further pleasure. No man here knows what the reward has been except Fowler, who says it was sometimes 300 cr., sometimes 400 cr. and sometimes more, as the King pleased to appoint. This bringer is a young man, a secretary to the Admiral of France, who told me that he brought those crowns from Lyons, peradventure trusting "to have his reward measured by the length of the way." Am I to return into England with the money? Calleys, 5 Nov.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.: 1546.
5 Nov.	354. Lord Grey to Paget.
R. O.	This 5th Nov., at 9 a.m., I received yours of the 2nd "willing me to confer with Sir Thomas Palmer, which I did before his last going into England and found the thing to be nothing as you have been advertised." I have sent to Callice for Sir Thomas, and will debate the thing thoroughly and signify how all things stand; "for I am assured to know the certainty thereof, for the which purpose I have travailed a long time." Bolloin, 15 Nov. 1546, "at the same hour." Signed.
	P. 1. Add. (in great haste). Endd.
5 Nov.	355. Princess Mary of Portugal to the Princess Mary of England.
Petyt MS. vol 36. Hearne's Sylloge, 159.	The fame of her virtue and learning makes the writer desire a literary correspondence between them; and as she now has the opportunity of messenger she sends this and asks for letters in return, proposing whenever a messenger is available to write again. Santarena, nonis Novembris 1546. Not signed.
	Lat., pp. 2. Headed by Hearne as from an autograph letter "apud D.P." from Mary daughter of King Emanuel of Portugal to Princess Mary daughter of Henry king of England. Add.
5 Nov.	356. Doge and Senate of Venice to their Ambassador at Rome.
Venetian Calendar v., No. 417.	Only heard of Strozzi's arrival and departure at the same time, as he used secrecy. As the Pope has asked about Baldissera Alchieri, they repeat that he continues to perform his office of English secretary, and the Pope may assure himself of the Signory's devotion to the Holy See.
6 Nov.	357. Ireland.
	Commissions and appointments. See Grants in November, Nos. 22, 23, 38-41, 43, 45, 46, 48, 49.
6 Nov.	358. Lord Grey to Paget.
R. O.	Learns to-day by espial that the Frenchmen assemble men of war and others to come down and fortify St. Tyens, meaning, under that pretence, to attempt the winning of Boulloigne Barke, a gentleman and a soldier of which have sent to Mons. du Bies the length, breadth and deepness of the ditches, with declaration which of the flankers are cleansed. "In like cace there ys a souldiar and a dromme confetrated with the Frenchmen for the winnyng [of the Old Man] (fn. n3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . life. As for the [names of the] men above mencioned he knowethe not but within theis xiiij dais he hathe promest to declare them unto me; for the which purpose I have presently returned hym agayn." Asks whether to scour the flankers at Boulloyn Barke or leave them as they are. Bolloign, 6 Nov., 8 a.m., 1546. Signed.
	P. 1. Slightly mutilated. Add.: haste, post haste &c.
	359. Denmark and France.
Camusat, Meslanges Historiques, (edit. 1644) Legation de Suède, p. 12.	Speech to Francis I. prepared by the Sieur Richer.
	Comes hither, at the instance of the King of Denmark, for these reasons:—1. Although, during these four or five months, I have written five or six times of commotions in Germany and practices of the Emperor, England and the Protestants in Denmark, which I have opposed, I have had neither letters nor news from you. 2. On learning the agreement between England and you, the King of Denmark begged me to write to you to advertise him of the form of the agreement, and whether he was comprehended. 3. Shortly before that news camp, England sent an ambassador requesting alliance and proposing marriage of one or both of his daughters with the King of Denmark's brothers, dukes of Holstein, or with his eldest son, elect king of Denmark; and this I signified at the time, meanwhile getting the Englishman dismissed with good words. 4. That the English have since daily pressed for permission to obtain from the King's countries and Eastern parts, all kinds of victuals and munitions, which however they have not yet obtained. 5. That in August last the Emperor sent Le Bourg, maistre de camp, one of his Councillors, to gain over the King of Denmark. 6. That the Elector of Saxony and Landgrave of Hesse, chief of the army now ranged against the Emperor, did the like. 7. The King communicated these practices to me and dismissed the envoys, promising to deliberate with his Council.
	During all these practices I have maintained the King of Denmark's devotion to you; and, for your profit and his in the present troubles of Germany, he has prayed me to repair to you and learn clearly how you are disposed towards the Emperor, the Protestants, and the King of England. As you may marvel that in this war of Germany he takes neither side, he would have you know that experience has taught him not to trust the Emperor, and as for the Protestants, after entering alliance with him and receiving much from him, they deserted him in his great affairs and lately constrained him to an agreement with the Emperor; last year he ascertained that all the English practices against you in Germany were conducted, as I wrote, by the Landgrave, who, seeing the 12,000 men he had caused to be levied in Meckleburg to pass into England were dispersed by my means, and that Denmark hindered the passage of men into England by East Friseland and Holstein, set the Count Palatine to levy men against him, which was evident because the captains of the Count Palatine's enterprise were the Landgrave's men. He has charged me to tell you that he has a daughter, and also a sister, each about fifteen years, a son of thirteen, another of six, and your godson of two; of whom he will dispose as you will, and not at the desire of the King of England. And he has sent with me an usher and valet de chambre to carry back with speed letters declaratory of your will in the foregoing.
	The said King thinks, as I do, that the present war between the Emperor and Protestants, if well nourished, must be of great profit both to you and him. Secretly maintaining it, you make the greatest war you ever made against the Emperor, and at the same time avenge the injury done you by the Germans three years ago, when they declared for the Emperor; and if the Emperor wins he will be too weak for you, and you may intervene to secure for the Germans who remain unconquered their liberty, and for the conquered their restitution and revenge. If the Protestants win, they will be exhausted, and the schisms arising upon the election of a new Emperor and the like will keep the war within Germany and leave your realms at peace. To do this you must give the Emperor good words, and at the same time secretly encourage the Protestants with promises of aid; and you might even give them some little sum of money, seeing that this is not a question of religion, but rather of the ruin of the Emperor or both, and that it is better to beat your enemy thus than with all the labour and loss of open war. The King of Denmark should be your instrument for encouraging the Protestants; and although it is true that this may afterwards cause him great trouble, as the odium of the practice will fall upon him, in war one must rather look to one's own safety than to one's friend's, for charity begins with oneself.
	In August the King had a meeting with the prisoner King Christierne, who is to be released at Martinmas and have the castle of Calebourg to dwell in at liberty. Portions which the King of Denmark would give his daughters.
	French.
6 Nov.	360. Denmark and France.
Camusat, Meslanges Historiques (edit. 1644). Legation de Suede, p 15.	Instruction to Sieur Richer, French ambassador to Denmark.
	As to the three points upon which the King of Denmark desires information and to know the King's intention, Richer shall declare that although the King has treated peace with the Emperor, still, he cannot and ought not to desire the success of the Emperor's enterprise against the Protestants, knowing that upon it depends the servitude of Germany with which the King and his predecessors have had alliance for 500 years. Germany and Gaul lying near together can greatly assist each other and in his treaty with the Emperor the King comprised the electors, towns, &c., of Germany and all states of the Empire as principal contrahents. Denmark, too, has no reason to wish for the Emperor's success; who, if he subdue Germany, may easily turn against Denmark, since notoriously he aspires to the monarchy of Europe. The King thinks therefore that the King of Denmark ought by all honest means to favour the Protestants, as he himself is determined to do.
	As to the King of England, he gives daily evidence that he does not mean to observe the treaty which the King has made with him for the restitution of Boulogne; and if so the King will have to seek other means to recover what England unjustly detains from him. And he therefore desires the king of Denmark, his good brother, not to treat any league, alliance or intercourse with the King of England.
	If the King of Denmark speak of the marriage of the little Queen of Scotland for his son, Richer shall say that the King will assist him therein in every way; and if the affair cannot be managed, the King will, if desired, provide a suitable marriage in France.
	Finally, Richer shall endeavour to induce the King of Denmark to enter league defensive with France and the Scots and get the towns of the Easterlings to join, in order that the league may be of more detriment to the King of England by shutting him out of the Eastern sea from which he draws all his commodities. If Richer finds that to obtain the said league the said marriage of Scotland must be put forward, he may broach it without waiting for the King of Denmark to speak first.
	Richer shall there learn what good ships of war may be hired there, and what succour of ships and German soldiers to be carried in them the King of Denmark could supply if necessary, and at what rate; also what artillery, powder and saltpetre may be obtained there, and the price, and generally what warlike supplies may be had from Denmark. Follembray, 6 Nov. 1546. (Signed by Francis and countersigned by Laubespine.)
	French.
7 Nov.	361. Prince Edward to Henry VIII.
Harl. MS. 5087, No. 25 B. M. Nichols' Lit. Rem. of Edw. VI. 28.	Because he has no other way of bringing his filial piety to notice than by letters he writes the more frequently. And hearing that such a suitable ambassador was going to the King, he decided that it was his duty to send these childish trifles; for not to write would be to omit a duty and to give an example of wicked ingratitude. Hatfield, 7 Nov. (fn. n4) 1546.
	Lat., fair copy, pp 2.
7 Nov.	362. Prince Edward to the Queen.
Harl. MS. 5087, No. 27 B. M. Nichols' Lit. Rem. of Edw. VI. 30.	Thanks for her kind acceptance of his letters. It is his duty to write to her, and he does not deserve the praise she gives him. Hatfield, 7 Nov. 1546.
	Lat., fair copy, p. 1.
7 Nov.	363. Prince Edward to his Sister Mary.
Harl. MS. 5087, No. 26 B. M. Nichols' Lit. Rem. of Edw. VI. 29.	Is compelled to write to her by nature, of which Horace, that most eloquent and learned poet, wrote Naturam expellas furca, tamen usque recurret. Thanks for her letters in which he perceives her love to to him. Hatfield, 7 Nov. 1546.
	Lat., fair copy, ½ p. A translation is given in Halliwell's Royal Letters, II. 19.
7 Nov.	364. John, King of Portugal to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Desires him to command the captains of his fleet to permit grain to be carried hither; and begs credence for Guaspar de Figueiredo whom he sends about that matter, and also about the grave injuries which his subjects complain of receiving from Henry's. Santaren, 7 Nov. 1546. Signed.
	Latin. Broadsheet, p. 1. Add. Sealed. Endd.
8 Nov.	365. St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin.
Irish Pat. Roll, 38 Hen. VIII p. 1., m. 3d.	Commission to Sir Ant. St. Leger, deputy, Sir Ric. Rede, chancellor Edw. bp. of Meath, Sir Thos. Cusake, master of the Rolls, and others, to take the surrender of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. 8 Nov. 38 Hen. VIII.
	See Morrin's Calendar, p. 132.
8 Nov.	366. The "Contribution."
Harl. MS. 1968, f. 36 B. M.	Receipt by Thos. Wilbraham of Woodey, of 37l. 10s. l0d. from Thos. Gannill of Buerton and Hugh Aston of Aston, sub-collectors of the Contribution due to the King for the hundred of Namptwich. 8 Nov. 38 Hen. VIII.
	Copy.
8 Nov.	367. Vaughan to the Council.
R. O. St. P. xi., 337.	Before going to receive money of the treasurer of France, took order with Mr. Knyght to receive in the forenoons and "cool and try" in the afternoons; and thus received yesterday forenoon 20,000 cr. which he left sealed in eight bags in the treasurer's lodging. In the afternoon Mr. Knyght and he in the treasurer's presence weighed about 200 of the heaviest crowns, which kept within a grain of their "just poix"; and then taking a mark weight, which is 8 oz., of these found that they numbered 73. Then weighed four sundry draughts out of each of the other bags and found them of equal weight. In each bag of 2,500 cr. are 150 or 200 of a new stamp and forge, which seem of baser gold but not less in weight. Mr. Knyght is trying 15 of these, but this passage departs ere the essay can be made. The treasurer thinks that the words in the acquittance" ayans de present cours en France" may pass these crowns, albeit they do not answer the preceding words "de bon et juste poix, purite et valeur"; but, as the words "ayans de present cours en France" will ever cause "sticking and brabbling," the Council might send another acquittance differently worded.
	While writing, the wind has risen from the North West and stayed the passage. Mr. Knyght's assays show the 15 crowns to be all of 22 carats 6 grains, save one or two which are of 20 carats 5 grains and 22 carats 5 grains. The good crown which Vaughan brought with him is found to be of 22 carats 6 grains. There is therefore hope that the rest of the crowns to be received will prove good. Calleys, 7 Nov.
	P.S.— Has received their letter of the 4th, and will accordingly deliver the bringer of the money (who, as he wrote, is a secretary of the Admiral of France) 300 cr. reward. This day or to-morrow will end the receipt, and Vaughan would therefore know what to do with the money. Calleys, 8 Nov.
	Hol, pp. 3. Add. Endd.: 1546.
8 Nov.	368. Rheympertus Ghylsheym to Paget.
R. O.	Highly commends the bearer, Wolfgang Bachman, for whose admission to the service of the King of England his King has given letters commendatory. "Ex Lundis, sexto idus Novembris," 1546. Signed: Rheympertus Ghylsheym, regis Danorum secreta' I. V. profes: Haf:"
	Latin, pp. 3. Add. Endd.
8 Nov.	369. Wolfgang Bachmann to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Has long wished to serve him,—and especially this year and last,— but was bound to the King of Denmark for a term of three years, now expired. The King of Denmark used his services both in mercantile and military matters, and now writes in his commendation. Applies to be taken into the King's service. Could do service in Poland, Denmark, Norway and Sweden, of which kingdoms he knows the languages, as well as in his native country of Danzic.
	Lat. Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.: Sexto id. Nov., Wolf Backman to the Kinges Ma^tie.
8 Nov.	370. Thirlby to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., xi. 339.	On Friday night, 5th inst., declared to the Emperor Henry's commandment as signified by Paget in letters dated Windsor, 18 Oct. The Emperor answered that he had willed Grandvela "to hold such purpose with me;" so that, albeit you should see the articles of alliance between him and the bishop of Rome, you should know that he would keep his amity with you according to the treaties. After promising secrecy, he listened diligently to my words and said 'I thank my good brother heartily for his friendly advertisement.' He added that he was sure that the French king, upon opportunity, would do no less: the enemy had so kept his forts that nothing great was done, but it was not so evil with him as the French king would, and he had had experience of your Majesty's sincerity towards him. Touching the advertisements, as from Richemonde herald, of the French practice to make alliance with the Protestants, and Strozsies coming for that purpose, that the Emperor might the rather think it true and told as of myself, I prayed him to keep it secret as I had not yet advertised your Majesty of it, I say I durst be bold to tell him, knowing that, "your two amities being so sincere, the benefit of the one must be the benefit of the other"; and so joined that tale with your other advertisements. The Emperor thanked me, and at the naming of Strozsie said "I have been advertised of him." When I spoke of the French King's lying near the borders on the one side and the Dolfyn on the other, and that the French king kept a gentleman here with his Ambassador only to bring prompt news of the issue of these wars, the Emperor seemed to note the mention of the gentleman. Noted the Emperor's diligence in hearing and good words. If deeds follow "the triade shall be perfect."
	On the same day as your herald, arrived a courier from the French king who was here about a month past. I suspect some practice, but cannot yet learn what it should be. I have written to your secretary Mr. Paget. Tillinge, 8 Nov. 1546.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add.
R. O.	2. Contemporary decipher of the ciphered portion of the above.
	Pp. 3.
8 Nov.	371. Charles V. to Van der Delft.
Spanish Calendar, viii., No. 342.	Has received his of the 7th and 17th ult. The ambassador here has addressed the Emperor in handsome terms, such as Paget used, which have much gratified him. Has decided to relax, against security, the embargoes in Spain, although Renegat has not yet restored what he unjustly took. He may tell the King that the authors of "those stories" refrain from questioning the friendship between him and the Emperor because by doing so they would indicate that they doubt their friendship in England and that they seek to gain something without making any return. Only unimportant skirmishes have happened since he last wrote. The enemy remain where they were and the Emperor, for convenience of supplies, has removed hither. Camp at Lauingen, 8 Nov. 1546.
8 Nov.	372. Ludovico da Larmi to Paget.
R. O.	At the going thither of this gentleman, the bearer, named Guido Giannetti, an old servant of the King's, the writer commends his affairs to him and begs Paget to lend him credence and favour. Venice, 8 Nov. 1546. Signed.
	Italian, p. 1. Add. Sealed. Endd.
9 Nov.	373. Van der Delft to Paget.
R. O.	Yesterday arrived here my secretary, coming from the Queen with letters from the Emperor, to which were joined those which I send you herewith. His Majesty also sends me a letter of credence to the King which my illness prevents me from presenting so soon as I would; but the matter is not very hasty. Winzoorn, 9 Nov. 1546.
	French Hol., p. 1. Add. Sealed. Endd.
9 Nov.	374. Richard Johnson to his Brother, John Johnson.
R. O.	London, 9 Nov. 1546:—I trust you will shortly be strong enough to return to England. All your friends here are well, save that my master is somewhat troubled with the "rewme," of which I trust his going into the country will rid him. He wishes you to send particulars of what you bought for him in Flanders as he has not received some of the things, as "rysselles wursted, hoppes, suger, drye marmelad." All that he received from my brother Otwell was 12 lb. pepper, 1 lb. cloves, ½ lb. maces, 1 lb. graynes, 1 lb. nutmegs, 2 lb. ginger, a green carpet, 1 lb. cinnamon, a box of dry succat and a tonnek of succat. Your friends would be glad to know that my sister your wife came safe to you.
	P. 1. Add.: at Callais.
9 Nov.	375. Vaughan to the Council.
R. O.	Has received of the secretary of France 52,368 cr. 16 patars, Tournois, and delivered the King's acquittance. The crowns are fair, those of a new stamp which on the first day appeared to be of baser gold being found by Mr. Knyght's assays, "all except of ij divers stamps," to be as good as the rest. As directed by their Lordships, rewarded the secretary with 300 of the crowns; for which he gave the King most humble thanks. What is to be done with the money? If to be transported to England, provision must be made against three Scottish ships which have lately taken certain ships of Spain and others. Calays, 9 Nov.
	Hol, p. 1. Add. Endd.
9 Nov.	376. Lord Grey to Paget.
R. O.	On Sunday last, the 7th inst., the Frenchmen mustered at the fort on the other side of the water, and one ensign was "cassed," leaving there "but 400 . . . . . . . . . . whereof there be 80 and . . . . . . [As] towching thenterprise of [Bolloyn] Barke and th' Olde Man I am enformed by a trustie spie that Mons. de Byes hathe already written letters to the Frenche king to know his pleasure." If upon the answer any assembly is made I shall know of it, and beg to know the King's pleasure about fortifying the said forts. All the French pioneers are withdrawn from Stables, half of them being come to work at the fort, and the other half "gon to Mounstrell for the . . . . . . . . . . . . . d that it is bruted . . . . . . . . . . . . that they shall have war with th' Emperour, and that the Frenche king dothe augment his garisons upon all the coste of Flanders." Bollon, 9 Nov. 1546. Signed.
	P. 1. Slightly mutilated. Add. Endd.
9 Nov.	377. Mont to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., xi. 342	Since his last letters of 14 Oct. nothing notable has occurred. Meanwhile, has been to Nurnberg to transmit the King's two letters to the bp. of Westminster (which were sent from Strasburg hither, and no messenger from this town durst go to the Emperor's camp), and also to learn the causes of this unexpected silence and inaction. Gathers that neither side wants to fight openly. The Emperor is superior in horsemen, the Protestants in footmen and guns, for Augsburg, Ulm and the other neighbouring towns supply powder and guns. In the daily skirmishes many more fall on the Emperor's side than on the Protestants'. The Landgrave has ordered that no Italian or Spaniard shall be taken prisoner, but all slain, as these will keep no oath to heretics. Ten days ago 24,000 new footmen were sent to the Protestants' camp from the confederate cities, that they might intercept the Emperor's victuals; but they are not likely to succeed, as he has the Danube and the Lech open behind him, and the regions of several bishops. Now the time for remaining in camps is past and the Emperor gathers supplies in Ratisbon, where he will winter. He has conveyance thither by the Danube from Bavaria, Austria, Styria and Bohemia; and the lands of many bishops, the knights of St. John (Johannitarum) and Nurnberg are near. Nurnberg maintains neutrality: as also do the Elector Palatine, the bps. of Cologne and Munster and several counts, albeit the Spanish and Italian soldiery have burnt more than twenty villages in the land of Palatines Otto Henry and Philip. Hears that the commissaries of the Protestants, still assembled at Ulm, have renewed the league for three years. Many count upon the French king, with whom frequent messages pass. John Sturmius is now sent back to that King, and Recrodus is entrusted with a regiment of foot by the Saxon and Hessian. The Emperor protracts the war in order to exhaust our money. The Emperor had promised his men to winter in the duchy of Wirtenberg, but the Saxon and Hessian occupied the way thither. Probably most of the horsemen will winter with the Emperor as (especially those dwelling by Hesse and Saxony) they dare not go home; also the Saxon and Hessian, or one of them, must stay with the army lest the Emperor invade Augsburg and Ulm. Unless this war is ended by intercession of foreign kings, or our people are aided by Henry and the French king, the Emperor will be victorious, as Germany is divided, and our bishops and the papistical creatures, of whom there are very many throughout Germany and Spain, pour out money for this war. Duke Maurice has been in Bohemia with King Ferdinand, who, by promise of the Electorate and the enfeoffment of all Saxony, moves him against the Elector ; but hitherto he has done nothing, albeit he has horsemen and footmen with him. Ferdinand has long urged the Bohemians to invade the Elector of Saxony's domains, but they refuse to pass out of their own kingdom. Thinks fighting done for this year as the soldiers can no longer endure the weather, and many footmen have fled from both camps. "Datum Oxonie nona Novemb. anno 1546" Signed: "mancipium Bergottus".
	Lat. In Mont's hand, pp. 3. Add. Endd.
9 Nov.	378. Mont to Paget.
R. O.	On 17 Oct. Mr. Hill sent him from Strasburg a letter addressed to the bp. of Westminster; and, when he had been three days seeking to forward it, nor could get for money any messenger in this city who durst go, other letters arrived from Mr. Hill addressed to the Bp. Determined thereupon to delay no longer, and next day took horse and proceeded through Nurnberg to within a mile of the Emperor's camp, where he despatched his servant to the Bp. and himself returned to Nurnberg. Has written to the King what he there learnt, and transmits also the letters which the bp. of Westminster wrote back to him, with others addressed to Paget. Arranged with the Bp. a method of transmitting letters. Most wretched is the appearance of those parts, devastated by sword and fire; for the Spaniards have left nothing unspoiled, but, after cruelly exacting money from all, burnt the houses both of friends and foes, the men slain, the women used for their lust. These Italians and Spaniards openly proclaim this war to be for the extermination of the men who have left obedience to the Roman bishop and separated from the Roman church. Would that the King might by intercession end this war! For it is to be feared that the Emperor will overcome us at length by money; and the Spanish and Italian soldiery far surpass ours in cunning and deceit. Can transmit letters to the bp. of Westminster forwarded from Antwerp by Chamberlanus and Damosellus. Commend me to your colleague Dr. Petrus and salute Mr. Masonus and Mr. Buclerus. "Datum Oxonie nona Novembris anno 1546." Signed: Bergottus.
	Lat. In Mont's hand, pp. 2. Add. Endd.: Mr. Mounte to Mr. Secr. Mr. Paget.
9 Nov.	379. John Barnardine to Paget.
R. O.	Abstracts of "letters of John Barnardyne to Mr. Secretary Mr. Pagett," viz:—
	8 Nov. 1546:—That albeit the King is advertised of all things by his ambassador, yet, being willed thereto by the said ambassador, he presently sends a discourse of the whole of the Emperor's wars with the Protestants until this day, and begs that any faults may be excused as there was no time to copy it.
	Other letters of the same date:—
	Understanding, by Paget's letters and by Somerset, how thankfully his letters to the King and Paget were taken, and what the King gives him for his better furniture, he sends infinite thanks. By familiarity with sundry captains, Italians and other, has means to know and see many things, and now that he can set himself better forth he trusts to do better service. Would gladly go to Trent to see the doings of the Council. Cardinal Poole is at Padua but is looked for at Trent. Has advertised my lord of Westminster of the Frenchmen's practices with the Emperor.
	9 Nov. (to the King):—Thanks for increase of pension signified by Paget's letters.
	9 Nov. (to Paget):—Wrote yesterday that he had declared the Frenchmen's practice to the King's ambassador. Now, as Somerset remains here this day, reports that some who were in the Emperor's tent say there was communication of confirming amity by marriages, and the Emperor said to the French ambassadors "You come hither unto me with practice of a more firmer amity, but I know how my brother the King playeth with me of the other side well enough. I am ready to do anything that shall be reasonable, but, I beseech you, come no more to me to persuade me to do that thing which I cannot, nor will." Some thought that France made demands the refusal of which might excuse hostility, now in his necessity when the Turk shall come in with a great power. It is said that Peter Strozi shall go to the Turk, and that Raymond, the French ambassador with the Turk, being now returned to France, will shortly go to Venyce where he left his family and thence back to the Turk. Can tell no more of Secretary Gh[er]ardo than he wrote in his last. It is thought that the Turk will no other truce with the Emperor, in view of the French King's entertainment and this opportunity. France, Emperor, King of Romans and Protestants all have ambassadors with him. Here is talk of a breach between the King and the French king because of the fort which the Frenchmen would make, men saying that the French are not to be trusted when they see their advantage. Has himself long known their practices, and trusts "not to be deceived of their crafty nature and condition." Has a practice for the King's service which Somerset will declare. Will follow it if Paget approves. For a "consideration," which he will one day tell Paget by mouth, reserves to himself something which may serve the King "if any shall occur"; and in the rest will be with Mons. Ambassador. Will not tell the success of these wars further than the 8th inst., which Mr. Somerset can declare. "As touching that they say of the parting of the Swicers, and of the news that came this night from the King of Romayns I write presently, and shall write alway with a pure mind without affection as things pass." Having written sufficiently in the discourse, will not trouble him further.
	Pp. 5.
10 Nov.	380. Selve to Francis I.
Corresp., No. 52	Received his despatch of 29 Oct. on the 7th inst. Next evening the King arrived at Westminster, and on the morrow, yesterday, took preparative medicine for certain baths which he usually has at this season. To make this excuse he sent Paget, to whom Selve told the news of the Protestants. Paget said that they heard from a good place that the King of the Romans had mustered men against Saxony; and Duke Maurice, the Landgrave's son-in-law, had revolted from the Protestants and joined the said King. Paget added that there was a rumor in Flanders of great French preparations on the side of Luxemburg. The day before yesterday arrived a gentleman of the French ambassador in Scotland, having accompanied two Scottish ambassadors whom the Queen and Governor are sending to this King about the comprehension in last treaty and other business which they are charged to communicate to Selve. This gentleman is going on to report affairs of Scotland to Francis after Selve has communicated with the ambassadors, who are David Panter, first secretary of Scotland and bp. of Rosse, and Mr. Adam Hotbourne. They waited 13 or 14 miles hence for the preparation of their lodging and are expected here to-day. Finds, by the gentleman and by a secret instruction which he brought, that the Queen and the French ambassador distrust this bp. of Rosse, who is a creature of the Governor, and fear that he may have some private and secret charge from the Governor. This gentleman says that the Governor alone, to the regret of the Queen and the whole Council, put the bp. in this commission. When they left Scotland, about eighteen days ago, St. Andrews castle was so closely besieged that it could not possibly be succoured by sea. The Governor had mined almost to the foot of the tower by which he hoped to capture it; although the defenders were countermining, and showed no great fear. London, 10 Nov. 1546.
	Olivarius, who did not know that Damascenus was in this country, has recollected that he named Damascius to Mons. de la Garde, and the names may have been confused. The bp. of Winchester who, by reason of his bishopric, is founder of the college where the books are, promises, for Francis' sake, to send for them, together with the list of all in the said college. It is evident that they will not be allowed to be carried out of the country and therefore a transcriber must be sent. Suggests that a word to the bp., showing that Francis is pleased with his offer, would help.
	Fr.
10 Nov.	381. Selve to the Admiral [of France],
Corresp., No. 53.	Has just heard of the arrival of the Scottish ambassadors, and has sent them offers of service. They will try to get audience to-morrow and let him know the result. Otterburn sent word that if he could get rid of his companion he would come to the writer. Here is a great bruit of dissension and "mutations d'estatz" among the principal men of this realm; and, the day before yesterday, command was given to the mayor of this town, and to the justices of the peace in the provinces, to enquire secretly for such as talked treason against this King or knew of any talk or conspiracy against him. Writes this, but cannot vouch for it. Is still unable to send anyone into Scotland, and is about to seek (for money) some means of carrying the King's packets, —an important precaution if war is renewed between the English and the Scots. London, 10 Nov. 1546.
	Fr.
10 Nov.	382. Selve to Du Bies.
Corresp., No. 54.	The King arrived in London after an absence of three months and is about to leave again for Oatlands. Announces the coming of the Scottish ambassadors and continuance of war preparations against Scotland. London, 10 Nov. 1546.
	Fr.
10 Nov.	383. Hadrianus Junius to Van der Delft.
H. Junii Epp. p. 87.	News are circulated with delight and laughter of the Emperor's defeat, and that he is surrounded and cut off from all hope of flight, etc. But I anticipate quite a different event. "Martinum nostrum (fn. n5) apud Gessoriacum medicinam factitare luculento stipendio intellexi, id quod illi bene vertat cujus successui plurimum faveo." "E Kinningala, quarto idus Novembris."
	Lat.
p. 81.	2. Another of same date and of like character.
	Lat.
10 Nov.	384. Ludovico dall' Armi to Henry VIII.
R. O.	Ten days ago, upon reports from France and Rome, it was believed that Henry was so ill that the doctors had no hope of his living many weeks. Sorrow was however turned to joy by a subsequent report that the rumor was false. Investigated its origin and found that it was sent to Rome by that Guro Bertanus of Modena, who perhaps thought that, to his own advantage, such a fiction would prolong the affair for which he was sent thither. Of which Guro, although I said that I would not write more unless commanded, still, as I could never quite learn why he came into that realm, and knowing the man's conditions and the character of his sender, I cannot, as a faithful servant, fail to repeat my fear of treachery in both of them. Someone perhaps thought he could by this means render your Majesty suspicious or distrustful of some potentate or prince. But I have found your wisdom such as to assure me that every deception will be detected.
	The latest letters from the Emperor's camp, of the last ult., narrate proceedings since the 22nd as in his favour. On the 26th certain Italians captured much baggage and many waggons from the Protestants. On the 27th men of the Count of Burra found fifteen waggons going to the Landgrave's camp, eight of which were laden with victuals and seven with pewter, silver, white lead and brass and artifices for striking false coin as they do in Nerlinga, with which coins they say that the Landgrave now pays his men. The Imperialists thus got 3,000 marks of silver. In another direction the Imperialists attacked a large force returning to the Landgrave's camp with victuals, captured 600 horses, and burnt the waggons and hay. Of two standards of horsemen forming the escort the one fled and the other was broken and lost 50 killed and 40 captured, together with the standard bearer and standard. They (the letters?) say also that Cardinal Farnese left four days past for Italy, against the Emperor's will, who was annoyed with him for having, by gambling and converting to his own use, defrauded the Italian soldiers of more than a month's pay, and they were murmuring as if the Emperor was to blame. However, by pleading his illness, the Cardinal at length obtained the Emperor's leave to return to Rome. Some believe that the Emperor and the Protestants are in treaty, alleging that the only obstacle is that the latter will not hold to the Roman bishop or have him intervene; but the writer cannot believe any agreement possible, for their religion is the whole subject of the quarrel. Meanwhile both parties fortify their camps, as if neither would retire first, the Emperor for his honour, the Landgrave for fear lest the Emperor should invade Wirtemberg and winter there, or else attack Ulm, the suburbs of which the Landgrave has himself burnt for its security. No letters have come from Augsburg for a long time, as the Imperialists intercept them. The last stated that Ulm had prepared a great sum of money and that those standards which, as I wrote, left the Landgrave's camp, did not desert but were soldiers of free cities whose term of service was finished, and they were replaced by other 10,000 from other free cities. Four days ago it was rumoured that the Emperor sought the Landgrave's camp by night but retreated on finding it prepared, and in the retreat the Landgrave forced a battle in which many thousands fell and the Emperor had the worst; but it is found that nothing so important happened. It is true that the Imperialists lack spies. There is no news of the King of the Romans or of Duke Maurice, so that the alleged preparations for invading the elector of Saxony's state seem to have been fables. Various bishops are expected at Trent. The Cardinal of Trent has gone in post (per dispositos equos) to meet Cardinal Farnese, and nothing is done about the session because of the controversies of which I have already written. There was doubt whether the Council should be translated or left there, and almost all the Italians were in favour of translation; but the Emperor is said to insist on its remaining there. From Rome it is signified that Cardinal Pollus has come thither, that the duke of Wirtemberg's son is expected in the French Court, and that the Roman Bishop would confirm the league with the Emperor for another six months, but with diminution of the half of the expenses, resolution to be taken as soon as Cardinal Farnese arrives. The Roman Bishop has appointed divers bishops to go to Trent. Ten days ago came hither two French knights, greatly honoured, being young kinsmen of the Great Constable and very dear to the Dauphin. One is called Mons. de Satiglione (Châtillon), a near kinsman of the Cardinal of that name, and the other Mons. di Andalo. They presented to the Signory the Dauphin's letters in their commendation and seem to have done nothing else, but to be come only for pleasure (animi causa). Satiglione immediately fell sick and is very ill. Maffeus Bernardus, a patrician of this city, who was, I think, not unknown to your Majesty when in England, being indicted for things done at the instance of the French to the prejudice of this state, specially in last war with the Turks, has fled. It is thought that the Signory will confiscate his property and condemn him to exile as a rebel, offering great rewards to such as shall slay him. By letters of the 13th ult. the French Court was then on the frontiers of Lorraine, where the King was fortifying some places and trying to give the Duchess in marriage to one of the sons of the Duke of Guise; which is not likely to succeed without the consent of the Emperor, her guardian, whom it does not suit thus to unite that important state with France. Letters from Constantinople of 28 and 30 Sept. signify that the Prince of the Turks, hearing that his bassa on the borders of Persia had repelled the Georgians of whom I wrote, and recovered most of what they had seized, was going, on 8 Oct., to Andrinopoli for the winter, although there was dearth there. He had sent another of his sons with a great company into the sangiacate of Esdra, deprived one of the oldest of his bassas and condemned the heirs of another bassa, deceased, in 250,000 of gold, which money he had applied to the navy, making some new galleys and mending old. The same letters stated that Dr. Gerardus, ambassador of the Emperor, had come thither, and other ambassadors of the king of the Romans; but they had not began to negociate, as Gerardus was very ill and the Prince of the Turks had sent him four of the chief physicians.
	Thanks for the King's munificence. Remits the rest to Guido de Jannetis, the King's old servant, who is going thither. Venice, 10 Nov. 1546. Signed: Ludovicus ab Armis.
	Latin, pp. 4. Add. Endd.: Ludovico de Larmy.
10 Nov.	385. The Council of Ten to Giacomo Zambon, Venetian Ambassador in England.
Venetian Calendar, v., No. 418.	Their nobleman, Maphio Bernardo, has eluded arrest and is outlawed. (fn. n6) Find that he has been for many years guilty of treason; and, as a ship of his is in England, the enclosed letter is to be handed to the master, Zuan Maria Zucharino. This matter to be kept secret.
	2. The Same to Zucharino.
	Ordering him to secretly depart with the ship and return to Venice.
10 Nov.	386. Ludovico Rangone to Paget.
R. O.	Upon the report of his goodness and courtesy, has always desired to offer him service. Begs favour for bearer whom he sends on business of importance. Rocca Bianca, 10 Nov. 1546. Signed.
	Italian, p. 1. Add. Endd.: The countye de Rangon.