Henry VIII: January 1546, 6-15 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 21 Part 1, January-August 1546. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1908.

Citation:

'Henry VIII: January 1546, 6-15', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 21 Part 1, January-August 1546, ed. James Gairdner, R H Brodie( London, 1908), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol21/no1/pp10-27 [accessed 16 November 2024].

January 1546, 6-15



6 Jan.	21. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A.P.C., 306.	Meeting at Hampton Court, 6 Jan. Present: Chancellor, Great Master, [Privy Seal, Great Chamberlain, Essex, Admiral, Cheyney, Gage, Browne, Wingfield, Petre, Sadler]. Business:—Letter to —— (blank) to repair to the Council for matters to be declared at his coming. Letters addressed to the Lord Admiral, with a supplication of Peter de Alleban, Spaniard, for restitution of goods taken out of his ship at Newport in the Isle of Wight, to order brief justice in the Court of Admiralty. Sir Ralph Sadler had warrant to Sir Ant. Rous for 2,000l. to pay creditors of the Great Wardrobe. Letters written to John Whitehorne and Wm. Webbe, of Exeter, enclosing testimonial that Henry Alveros is no Jew and directing them to restore to him the money levied of the woad which he delivered to Webbe.
6 Jan.	22. Otwell Johnson to John Johnson.
R. O.	Commendations to Mr. Cave and thanks for venison. Evanke will needs be gone.
	"This shall let you under[stand that according] to the tenour of my last letter I sent you, I made dely[very on New] year's day of your leases to Mr. Croke's own hands [to be shown] unto my lord Chancellor, who, even then being in a [readiness towards] the Courte, to Hampton Courte, would not intend to no such [matter as this] was, wherefore Mr. Crokes appointment is that I shall re[turn again] as tomorrow for to give him such instructions of the circ[umstance] of the matter as you willed me to declare to Sir Ambrose Cav[e].
	I showed him your letter that you sent me from Glapthorne of the parson [s] and yours since your last coming home, with the knowledge whereof he hath promised earnestly to persuade the matter on your behalf to my foresaid lord [Chan]cellor at his return from the Court, and thereupon hath reserved [the] foresaid leases in his own custody and also [the] writ of exec[ution] that you sent me enclosed in your foresaid letter. So [t]hat [th]erfor [as yet] I can do you no good in the matter; but then, God willing, [I shall not] fail to resort again to Mr. Croke as is abovesaid. As for Sir Ambrose I cannot meet with, and also I think it shall smally skill though he be … with the matter in case Mr. Croke will take the pains to do that that [he] hath promised me. He doth not perceive by the tenour of your writ [of] execution but that you have lawfully stayed the delivery of thing[s as] yet in your possession until more be known and the pith of the matter better notified to my lord Chancellor abovesaid, etc."
	Mrs. Fayer's wool bargain. Mr. Pratt. Has no answer from B. Warner, who seems to stay upon Mr. Secretary Pagett's co[ming]. Mr. Brudenall. Maria.
	Hol., pp. 2. Much mutilated. Add.: at Tykeford. Endd.: 1545. Otwell Johnson's l'res fro Lo. le 6 in January, answerd at Tickford le .. of the same and .........
6 Jan.	23. Paget to Petre.
R. O. St. P., x. 835.	Has just received letters from the Council and Petre (fn. n1) showing that, if not departed, he should accept the overture made by the Protestants, which the King took to be a new overture. Explains that it was new in words but not in deed, as Paget's promise to do his best that the Scots should not be invaded was to be so put that the French king should conceive it a promise that they should not be invaded. And as, by all the King's letters, it appears that he would in nowise comprehend the Scots, and the answer to Paget's letters of Tuesday and Wednesday was that, keeping their pacts, he should promise that he trusted, &c., both he and his colleagues interpreted that the King continued in his determination to have them left out to be invaded. With this truce the French king could refresh his fort, which is in great distress, and make better bargain with the Emperor (who seeing the truce concluded by the Protestants and fearing the peace by the same means might more easily incline to the French king's desires) and then in summer break it because the Scots are invaded. Dared not therefore patch the truce thus, and (the Protestants answering from Ardre that the French commissioners would not accord truce without comprehension of the Scots) followed their former order to depart before them. Petre may, however, inform the King that both Sturmius and Bruno desired licence to write to Paget out of France, saying that they would enter with the French king for the clear leaving out of the Scots, and, if not, learn whether he would stand to Paget's promise; and then, if Paget could obtain of the King not to invade the Scots, they would accept his writing that he would do what he could to satisfy their desire, and the matter might be concluded in three days, for the other conditions were known and reasonable, saving that they would have the truce begin as soon as might be ("God a mercy, new fort!") wherein there need be no sticking now. Upon Friday or Saturday (fn. n2) we shall be at Court, but the King already knows all by our letters. My fellows are privy to all save this last appointment for the writing of Bruno and Sturmius out of France. Written, "with a seasick head and stomach," at Dover, Twelfthday, 4 p.m. 1545. Signed.
	Pp. 3. Add. Endd.
7 Jan.	24. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A P C. 307.	Meeting at Hampton Court, 7 Jan. Present: Chancellor, Great Master, Privy Seal, Great Chamberlain [Essex, Admiral, Cheyney, Gage, Browne, Wingfield, Petre, Sadler]. Business:—Upon examination of Alamanno —— (blank), Florentine, detected by a Spaniard as a French spy, because last summer he served in the galleys under the Prior de Capua, which, in coming from Marcels to Bretayne, took a Spanish ship in the Groigne laden with salt and alum, on pretence that these were English goods, and was deputy captain in her when she was recaptured between Brest and Roan by three English men of war (but he and the mariners escaped by the boat to the French shore); as there seemed little against him, he was warned to present himself next day to the Lord Chancellor and put in sureties to remain in London for six weeks, during which further light might appear on the matter and the claim of the Spaniard for money taken at the Groigne might be settled. Letter directed to the son of Wynter, late deceased, to signify what money is due to Edw. Jones, late captain of the row galley, (fn. n3) for his services and the bringing of certain French prisoners from Bulloigne; and his supplication to the Council was enclosed. Letter to Mr. Wynchecombe to certify the goodness of the woad which he received of John Whitehorne, of which there is some question between Henry Alveros and Webbe of Exeter. Letter to the customer of Dartmouth and Exeter to permit Petro de Sableo, master of the Mawdlyne of Rendrye, to continue his voyage to Bristow and not forfeit his goods for entering the haven of Combe, where he was encouraged by the customer to unlade; and he was ordered to take out of the Exchequer a copy of the information, that a bill of pardon might thereupon be conceived. Ant. Aucher had warrant to the Treasurer of the Tenth for 200l. for the houses of timber to be sent to Boloyne. Marshe, servant to Sir Ric. Southwell, addressed to Boloyne with 20,000l., had letters to the Lieutenant and Sir Richard, placard for horses, carts, &c., and letters to the lord Admiral for his transportation. Sir Thos. Seymour to deliver to Maurice Russel, to be conveyed to Ireland, 2 lasts of serpentine powder, 1 last of corn powder, 6 barrels of saltpetre and other ordnance (specified).
7 Jan.	25. Charles V. to Van der Delft.
Spanish Calendar, viii., No. 181.	By his letters of the 21st ult. to Charles and Granvelle it appears that the King and Council have acted straightforwardly in telling their impressions of the Spanish gentleman. (fn. n4) Thinks the letters from the duke of Alburquerque must be false. If the personage is a gentleman he may be Don Pedro Portocarrero, whom the Emperor sent prisoner to the monastery of Uclés and whose relationship with the Cuevas and Herreras may have given him an opportunity of changing his name, but his statement that the Emperor sent him to France about Count William of Furstenberg's release is untrue with regard to any Spaniard, as also is that of the Frenchman, Bertheuille, about having obtained from the personage in question information from the camp before St. Disier. Is sending a Spanish alguacil who knows Portocarrero and will, if it be he, hand him the Emperor's order to return to the monastery. Van der Delft must ask the Council to have the man examined in his presence and show the Duke's letter that it may be known whether it is a forgery. Utrecht, 7 Jan. 1546.
	P.S.—Since writing the above, is assured that the personage is not Portocarrero but Don Pedro Pacheco, tall, thin and dark, who recently came hither from Spain through France. Will not now send the alguacil, but encloses the letter for Portocarrero, if it be he. Colonel Guevara or some other Spaniard there will be able to give information; and the Emperor desires to know about the personage and his reason for going to England.
7 Jan.	26. Vaughan to Paget.
R. O.	In his last journey into Flanders, during the wars of last year and during the entertainment of the army of Almains, laid out much money for postage to England, Calles, Almayn and the King's ambassadors with the Emperor, which is not yet repaid because not in the King's warrant. As he serves perpetually, leaving his children, household and other things in "raw condition," he begs a warrant to Mr. Wymond Carew, treasurer of First Fruits and Tenths, for its payment. The Queen also owes him more money than he can well forbear; for although, at the auditing of his wife's account, the Queen's Council abated a good portion of it, he still remains unpaid. Begs a good word to Mr. Arondell for the payment. Please favour this bearer in any honest suits. "I pray you help my reasonable desires that, whilst my wife died and lost her life with painful serving, I be not altogether forgotten." Dover, 7 Jan.
	P.S.—If bearer, John Griffithe, have occasion to resort to you, please hear him. Chantries are lately fallen into the King's hands and my late wife's brother, Mr. Gwynnethe, vicar of Luton, with great cost, recovered for the King the patronage of a provostship in Wales called Clenok Vaure, which the King might now be asked to resume by force of the Act for chantries. The man spent eight years in continual suit and expense in the law to bring the patronage to the King, and there is no land belonging to it but only tithes and oblations; please therefore be a suitor to the King that he may keep it, since his suit has cost him above 500 mks. The Welshmen will shortly sue against him to have it for themselves. If, in mine absence, "there chance any honest office of no charge," pray put the King in remembrance of me. "Dover, as afore."
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.
7 Jan.	27. Chamberlain to Paget.
R. O.	By Mr. Damisel whom he despatched from Andwerpe with the King's treasure, sent Paget's plate, and would be glad to know how it pleases. Being arrived at the Emperor's Court to demand of Riffenberghe and others such sums as "above their pacts" they constrained the writer and his colleagues to pay them, fears that he will not be able, according to Paget's advice, to return soon to England, and therefore begs Paget to be his remembrancer to the King that he may buy (as Paget suggested at Brussels, a year ago) some college or chantry, of 100 mks, a year, and that his friend Mr. Pate, of Lincoln's Inn, may resort to Paget for that matter. Prays God to prosper him and my lady. Utrecht, 7 Jan. 1545.
	P.S.—Being ready to close this, I, by advice of "my lords," delivered Mons. de Granvella certain general "querelles" against Riffenberghe, saying that I understood that he was here, there being "written upon the door of his lodging le coronel d'Angleterre, which title he was most unworthy of." I added that, when the particulars were known, doubtless the Emperor and all other princes of honour would take the quarrel upon themselves and give due punishment. Granvelle answered that Riffenberghe had indeed been to speak with him, and was answered that he must resort to the vicechancellor of the Empire, and that I also should be heard on the King's behalf. Has no news to write, being but newly arrived.
	Hol., pp. 3. Add. Sealed. Endd.
7 Jan.	28. Mont to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., xi. 1.	All the Protestant states are met in Francford, not only all who gave their names to the Smalcaldic League but all who profess the doctrine of the Augsburg confession, as Nürnberg, Ratisbon [and] the ambassadors of Joachim elector of Brandenburg, the abp. of Cologne, the bp. of Munster, Duke Maurice, [and] Albert margrave of Brandenburg, duke of Prussia, banding together to profess the doctrine of the Protestants and resist invasion by the Bishop of Rome, Emperor or any other. On the last of December they made a solemn act promising aid to the abp. of Cologne if invaded for his profession of that doctrine, and the Elector Palatine and Elector of Brandenburg have promised him like aid. Thinks that these States will ask a secure peace of the Emperor, for they would know what to trust to and suspect him of waiting his opportunity to make war upon them. Although desirous of peace they will fight if necessary; and, if the Emperor resort to arms, a dubious and bloody war will follow which will leave Germany a prey to the Turk. The disputants (collocutores) at Ratisbon have as yet done nothing; for the Catholic deputies were partly changed by the Bishop of Rome (Cocleus being substituted for Julius Pflug, the bishop) and partly have not yet arrived. Soldiers are levied throughout Upper Germany for the French king, Vogelsbergius being ordered to enroll ten ensigns of foot; and, 14 days ago, a French ambassador named Basfonteyn passed through Metz, where, while dining, he told one of the magistrates that he was going to this assembly at Francford; but he has not yet arrived. Sends a Latin translation of writings from Rome and Venice. (fn. n5) Francford, 7 Jan. 1546.
	Lat. Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.: 1545.
7 Jan.	29. Mont to Paget and Petre.
R. O.	Has written to the King what he could learn on his arrival at Francford. The Protestants are asking him whether the league between the King and the Emperor is renewed, which most of them assert to have been done "ex Cesaris compendio." It is thought that this assembly will still last a month, and many expect that the Emperor will send his vice-chancellor hither. Francford, 7 Jan. 1546.
	Let. Hol., p. 1. Add.
7 Jan.	30. The Council of Trent.
R. O.	A minute account of the session of the Council of Trent on 7 Jan. 1546, headed "Prima sessio Consilii Tridentini habita mens. Januarii die 7 a^o. 1546."
	Lat. Mutilated, pp. 3. Endd.: Prima sessio consilii Tridentini.
R. O.	2. Speech made in the Council of Trent exhorting to a reformation of hearts as the first thing necessary.
	Begins.—"In superiori conventu, in quo consultabamus utrum a moribus an vero a dogmatibus esset incipiendum, placuit michi primum a cordis humilitate (nam hec est interna Christianorum reformatio) mox ab externa, id est, morum et vite compositione, sumenda exordia, in sancta hac et magna et venerabili atque Oecumenica synodo in Spiritu Sancto congregata. Et ut semper Dei benignitate soleo, non arroganter, immo vero humiliter de me sentiens, doctos quosdam prudentes ac pios viros, tranquillitatis pacisque Christiane amantissimos, quorum literate pietati maximam fidem habeo, consului, et quibuscum familiariter atque (ut mea fert opinio) admodum Christiane id quod erat negocii contuli."
	Endd.—"Utinam hodie obtulerim minuta evangelica in spirituale sacrosancte synodi gazophilacium."
	Latin, in the same hand as § 1, pp. 4. Headed by Gardiner: The oration of the Cardinal of Trent.
8 Jan.	31. Portugal.
	See Grants in January, No. 7.
8 Jan.	32. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A.P.C., 309.	Meeting at Hampton Court, 8 Jan. Present: Great Master, Privy Seal, Hertford, Essex, Gage, Browne, Wingfield, Petre. Business:—Upon a letter from my lord Admiral to Petre touching goods in three Biscayan ships taken by Pekoke of Hampton, another from the Council was addressed to him to take sureties of the Spaniards to be answerable if within six months the goods were proved to belong to enemies, and so dismiss them; but when this letter was ready to be signed Pekoke himself appeared, affirming that the goods mostly bore the same marks as the French goods taken in the Isle of Wight in the beginning of the wars; so that it were "no little disavancement of the other matter in case these goods were in such sort restored"; and therefore the Council desired his Lordship (keeping this respect to himself) to ponder it well and proceed at his discretion.
8 Jan.	33. The Council of Boulogne to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., xi. 3. Nott's Howard. 198.	Learning that Du Bies had left Monstruell with 600 horse and 3,000 footmen to relieve the fortress, we yesterday, before day, took the trenches at St. Estiens with 600 footmen, and sent Mr. Ellerker, with all the horsemen of this town, and Mr. Pollarde, with 200 that he brought the night before from Guisnes, to discover the enemy, who were at Novelier over night, 6 miles on this side Monstruell. As they passed Hardelow, Mr. Pollard was hurt by a culverin in the knee, and died next night—a notable loss. Our horsemen having discovered their march beyond Hardelow, I, Surrey, issued out with Mr. Bridges, Sir Hen. Palmer, Sir Thos. Palmer, Sir Thos. Wyat and 2,000 footmen, leaving 2,000 within the pieces here. By the time we were in order of battle without the trench of St. Estiens the enemy were in like order on this side Hardelow and had "put on their carriages by the sea side towards the fortress." Seeing their horsemen not above 500, and footmen about 4,000, and that success meant winning the fortress, and our men seemed of good courage, we "presented" the fight. Order of attack and subsequent battle described. Our horsemen under Mr. Marshal, Mr. Bellingham, Mr. Porter, Mr. Shelley and Mr. Granado charged and routed the enemy's arquebusiers and horsemen, whom they pursued as far as the carriages, 90 of which they broke, but our footmen at their first meeting with the Almayns took a panic and could not be stopped. When our horsemen returned thinking all won, they were fain to cross the river a mile beneath Pont de Breke, having without loss slain a great many of the enemies. We have 205 slain, including captains Mr. Edw. Poynynges, Storye, Jones, Spencer, Robertes, Basforde, Wourth, Wynchecombe, Mr. Vawse and a man-at-arms called Harvye. Captain Crayforde and Mr. John Palmer, Captain Shelley and Captain Cobham, are missed, but not found among the slain. Mr. Wyat escaped. The enemy lost more than we, but for the gentlemen; and they forthwith retired to Monstruell, leaving their carriages behind, not 20 of which had entered the fortress, "and that biscuit." Beg credence for Mr. Ellerkar. Recommend Henry Dudley, who was in the front rank at the onset, to have the room of Mr. Poynyngs, late captain of the Guard here. The enemy's enterprise was disappointed and their fortress remains in misery; and we lost the full victory through no fault of the rulers, "but a humour that sometyme raigneth in Englishe men." Thanks for remembering the men's pay, which will revive their hearts. Bowloyne, 8 Jan. 1545. Signed: H. Surrey: Hugh Poulet: Rychard Caundysshe: John Bryggys: Henry Palmere: A. F.: Rychard Wyndebank.
	P.S.—As the victual put into the fortress cannot last long, we send Mr. Ellerker to learn what is to be done when the enemy renew the attempt; but, seeing the "present tempest," we stay him for a better passage.
	Pp. 7. Add. Endd.
8 Jan.	34. Dunkeld Bishopric.
R. O. Brady, Ep. Succ., i. 131.	Note that in Consistory, 8 Jan. 1546, the Pope committed the consideration of the dispute between John abbot of Paisley and Albert (elsewhere Robert) Chieton (Chreeton in Brady), provost of the church of the town of Euerburg, (fn. n6) about the church of Dunkeld, to certain cardinals (named).
	Lat. Modern transcript from the Vatican.
9 Jan.	35. City of Lincoln.
	See Grants in January, No. 11.
9 Jan.	36. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A.P.C., 310.	Meeting at Hampton Court, 9 Jan. Present: Great Master, Great Chamberlain, Essex, Gage, Browne, Wingfield, Petre. Business: — Letter to Lord Admiral to examine John Frencheman's supplication for money claimed for his services. To Mr. Mason to show the Emperor's ambassador that 10 Flemish hoys now in Thames, having been hired by the Admiralty and received half freight beforehand, refused to perform their bargain, which the Council desired him to know before they proceeded to use rigor. To my lord Chancellor "to send hither a copy of the book of the peace." Warrant to Mr. Woodall to pay 6 hakbuters serving at Carlaveroke for 12 days, and 6 gunners serving "there" for 54 days, 8d. a day a piece, as appears by bill of Lord Wharton and the clerk of the ordnance at Carlisle. Letter to Thos. Hunte of Yermouthe to restore to Peter Nygrene, Italian, burgess of Middelburgh, the money, by indenture of 17 Aug. 37 Henry VIII., left in Hunte's hands until his prize of two ships of Rosendale (fn. n7) laden with salt might be proved lawful or otherwise. Sir Fras. Leeke had warrant to Sir John Williams for entertainment of himself and retinue at Tynmouth from Midsummer till Christmas last. Letter to John Dymock to repair to Flanders and Holland and signify the "plentith and chepith" of victual there, to the intent that, with Steph. Vaughan's advice, 3,000 qr. wheat, 2,000 qr. rye, 8,000 jambons of bacon, 3,000 flitches of bacon, 100 Martlemas beeves, 200 wey of cheese and 100 barrels of butter may be provided.
9 Jan.	37. Van der Delft to Charles V.
Spanish Calendar, viii. No. 182.	As instructed by the Emperor's letters of the 20th ult., supported the bringer of them, the King of Portugal's gentleman, and understands that he will be successful. The Spanish Comendador of whom he wrote on the 21st is in safe keeping. Learns from Bertheuille, his accuser, that the Comendador furnished news of the Emperor's camp before St. Disier and sought an allowance from France. He was there captured and brought before the Admiral of France, but immediately released. (Marginal note for the reply: This is not likely to be Don Pedro Portocarrero. Full investigation is important. We have spoken to the English ambassadors here on the subject.) Since the departure of M. d'Eick no tidings can be obtained of the Emperor's courier who disappeared with the writer's letters, save that he never arrived at Gravesend, for which place he left at night in a small boat. The Chancellor assists his enquiries, (In margin: "It is a good work.") Paget returned the day before yesterday. Learns secretly that this King's commissioners proposed, through the Protestant envoys, that, before negociating for peace and the retrocession of Boulogne, the King of France should deposit with the German Princes (presumably the Protestants) money to pay the overdue pensions and the cost of the war—over three millions of gold. One of the Protestant envoys (fn. n8) passed several times between Calais and the King of France, but without success; and now all the Commissioners are departed. People here have lost hope of peace, except through the Emperor's efforts; and therefore, apparently, the English proposals were drafted more to satisfy the Protestants than to produce a settlement. (In margin: He must obtain all information he can.) On Christmas Eve Renegat came, saying that he was sent by the Chancellor to justify himself; and he finally said that all that he took was still intact, and he would submit to the arbitration of the Chancellor and Vander Delft. Has today sent about it to the Chancellor, who arrived yesterday morning. He seemed unwilling to move in the matter; but he promised justice, saying that he was sure the writer would only ask what was reasonable. (Margin: He must insist that everything captured shall be restored.) The Council have sent to him certain English merchants who complain of the Inquisition in Spain. One of them said that at San Sebastian he saw an English captain thrown into prison because a New Testament and some English books were in his ship and he said that he thought his King a good Christian. Sends their complaint to Granvelle. (Margin: The rescript is forwarded to Spain with instructions that English subjects are not to be molested nor questioned about the King, as has already been ordered, unless they begin by speaking against the Pope.)
	Parliament has risen, but its conclusions are kept secret. Hears, however that, besides a subvention of 8 groats in the pound on all property, they have given the King all the colleges, academies and chantries founded for souls departed. He is, besides, to have the plate, money and rents of all the "Halls" or common houses of the trade guilds. The matter touches the bishops closely, "and they may feel what they fear at the next Parliament, which is fixed for November." (Margin: He does well to enquire about this, especially the religious part of it, since he mentions foundations for the departed.)
	Captain Conrad Penninck, who commanded in Venloo for the Duke of Cleves, (fn. n9) is come hither with leave from the elective King of Denmark and the town of Hamburg. Germans have also been here from the Duke of Lauenberg and other neighbours of the Duke of Brunswick, but none met with such favour as Conrad Penninck. (Margin: He must enquire about Penninck and report to President Score and D'Eick.) London, 9 Jan. 1546.
9 Jan.	38. John Brereton to Paget.
R. O.	William Sentelowe, esquire, seneschal of Wexforde, is dead, who had a weighty office although the profits thereof are very mean, not exceeding 20 mks. a year. Begs Paget and his other friends in the Court to move the King that he may have the office. The lord Deputy, for the better reformation of Leyneter to which it adjoins, has granted him the good will, and he holds it durante beneplacito, but he would have of the King "a largier interest in the same, being an office of truste and not mete to be in th' excercy of any Irisheman." Would move the lord Deputy to write for him to the King, but that his lordship is so troubled with certain accusations of his evil willers here, although, if he and his accusers were brought before the King, it would soon be seen that the thing was done of malice. His proceedings here have been right honourable, as the present quiet sufficiently manifests. Dublin, 9 Jan. Signed.
	Pp. 2. Add.: Chief Secretary. Endd.: 1546.
9 Jan.	39. Gaspar Duchy to Paget.
R. O.	Wrote by his man, Jehan Baptista de Bardi, for favour in obtaining the King's reward for his services, which Paget's former letters led him to expect. His man wrote that Paget's absence retarded the matter. The Seigneur Vachan writes that when I spoke with you of the jewels which the Fuggers have delivered they included two rings. It is true that the rings were shown you, but never included in the 50,000 cr.; "le vous feiz veoir parangon de pierres esquises, et vous declairis venir de Papa Lyon pour certain gaiges qui ne se pouvoyent vendre pour moyns de dix mille escuz." Mr. Vachan had the jewels viewed and valued without the two rings and I declared to him that they were not included. "Croyez, Monseigneur, que ne suys de nature de faire faulte a mon honneur et a la verité, et vous promestz sur la damnation de mon arme que je paye aux Fuggers cinquante mille escuz de ce que jusques a ceste heure men est paye que quarante mille; aussi touchant les harengs que en suys en arriere plus que six mille livre de gr^o.; et quant je convenu avecq Mons^r. Vachan me suys, de cestes difficulte et de linterestz dung an des quarante mille escuz de joyaulx, remis en la benigne grace de sa Majeste, comme aussi sil fust besoing en apparret." Again I beg your aid therein. Antwerp, 9 Jan. 1545. Signed.
	French, pp. 2. Add.: a la Court. Endd.
9 Jan.	40. Francis I. to the Protestants.
R O. St. P., xi. 41.	The ambassadors they sent about the pacification of differences between the King of England and Francis can recount how their negociation passed: and he will only thank them for the friendship they have shown and praise their efforts for the tranquillity of Christendom. Is sure that they will relate how he endeavoured to give them the means of not making that journey in vain, and how, for the sake of Christendom and not for necessity (as it will be seen whether England or he will soonest weary of the war), he condescended to things which he would never otherwise have granted. The ambassadors know what lightness and sudden change of language they found on the other side; and you can judge to what that dissimulation tends and whence it comes, and, when the English desire your intercession with us another time, take more security for the effect of their words. For himself, feels greatly bound to them and ready to requite their friendship. St. Germain en Leze, 9 Jan. 1545.
	French. Copy, pp. 2. Headed: Double de la lettre que le Roy escript aux princes et estatz Protestans. Endd. by Mont: Copia l'rarum a Rege Gallie ad Status missarum. Also endd.: Copie. R. x. Januar. 1546.
10 Jan.	41. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A. P. C., 311	Meeting at Hampton Court, 10 Jan. Present: Great Master, Hertford, Essex, Gage, Wingfield, Petre. Business:—[Letter] to Wm. Wynter to send account of Paulo de Maryne, captain of the great Aragusy ship, of wages due to him at like rate as his countryman, Francisco de Maryne, was paid; whereupon Wynter should receive a warrant for his payment. [Warrant] to the Exchequer for 300l., and the Treasurer of Augmentations for 200l., to be paid on bills of the bp. of Winchester, Mr. Comptroller, &c., for victualling of Boloyne.
10 Jan.	42. St. John and Gage to the Deputy and Council of Calais.
Harl. MS. 283, f. 339. B. M.	Have several times written to them for furniture of Calice with victual for the year; and have received their declaration what they had and what was lacking, but have not heard what has come since, either of the King's provision or of other men's. Beg them to report once a month, so that the slackness and forwardness of the purveyors may be known. Mr. Mondeye, before departing from you, appointed divers things to be sent to Bulloin, whereof part was beans, of which is great lack at Bulloine. Pray advertise us whether it is sent, and if not, haste it thither. If any beans are left there, utter them to the King's profit. 10 Jan. 1545.
	P.S.—"And you, Mr. Treasurer, having the charge for Guynez, to certify us in like manner." Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
10 Jan.	43. St. Leger to Paget.
R. O. St. P., iii. 546.	Will labour to recompense Paget's kindness to him at his late being in England. Has been remiss in writing, because informed that Paget was in Almayn with the Emperor. Is now enforced to crave favour, as some here craftily go about to bring him out of favour with his sovereign, and also with Paget. Does not yet know what they have invented, but desires him to suspend credit till he hears the writer's answer. Begs that he and his accusers may be tried before the King and Council; for having here been painted a thousand times traitor, he cannot serve as he ought, and he can leave this land in good stay, as none are now at war, although he is sure that some have been procured to stir.
	Mr. William Seyntlowe is dead, and the seneschalship of Wexford therefore void, to which, as propice for the reformation of Laynster, he has appointed Mr. John de Brereton, leader of 150 men in the retinue. Thinks Brereton would do good service there if the King would give him the office for life. Suit will doubtless be made for others, born in this land, to have the office, but he desires Paget to favour Brereton. Kylmaynam, 10 Jan. 1545.
	Pp.2. Stained. Add. Endd.: 1546.
10 Jan.	44. The Council of Boulogne to Lords Cobham and Grey.
Harl. MS. 283. f. 341. B. M. Nott's Howard, 203.	Send Sir Thomas Wyat to declare matters of importance, and beg them "with expedition to give order for the same accordingly." Bouloyne, 10 Jan. 1545. Signed: H. Surrey: John Bryggys. k.: Hugh Poulet: Rychard Caundysshe: Thorn's Palmer.
	P. 1. Add.
10 Jan.	45. Mont to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., xi. 6.	Wrote on the 7th inst. Letters report that seven cardinals and twenty two bishops are hastening from Rome to celebrate the Council of Trent, which, at the Emperor's instigation, the Bishop intends to hold, so that its condemnation of the Protestants who refuse it may be a pretext to make war on them; for many argue that, the Pope providing treasure for the work, the Emperor has long meditated this. The guns arrested in the Landgrave's custom house upon the Rhine some months ago, and affirmed by the Italian merchants to be your Majesty's, are now proved to belong to the Bishop of Rome; but for what purpose they were sent I cannot yet learn. It is certain that the Duke of Brunswick's ambassador at Rome pressed for money to be sent to his master's aid, and Cardinal Farnese gave the Duke hope of its being soon sent; which promises after his capture began to languish. The Elector Palatine, at the feast of the Three Kings, published throughout the whole Palatinate the articles which I wrote to your Majesty; and now in his University of Heidelberg he has that preacher who was once the Queen's preacher in Brabant. The ambassadors of Cologne in this Diet returned yesterday from the Palatine. Explains the object of their mission as to obtain the Palatine's co-operation in an embassy to the Emperor with request for the promised Council in Germany to settle religious disputes and hear the case of the abp. of Cologne and his clergy. The Palatine agreed, and wishes Saxony, Brandenburg, Mentz and Treves to send a separate embassy to the Emperor to obtain that objections to the abp. of Cologne may be referred to the judgment of the Electors. These embassies are appointed to go about the feast of St. Mathias. It is written from Augsburg that the Imperial and French ambassadors to the Turk returned to Vienna on 10 Dec. last. Encloses a letter from Philip count Palatine. Francford, 10 Jan. 1546.
	Lat, Hol., pp. 3. Add. Endd.: 1545.
10 Jan.	46. Mont to Paget.
R. O.	What I have been able to learn in this assembly since last sending of letters to you I have written to the King. The Protestants continually ask me what hope there is of peace between the King of England and the French king, which they greatly desire; but, having nothing from you, either of the hope of peace or of the work of their ambassadors, what can I reply? Francford, 10 Jan. 1546.
	Lat. Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.: 1545.
10 Jan.	47. Edmond Harvel to Lord Cobham.
Harl. MS. 283, f. 343. B. M.	Immediately after writing on the 3rd inst., received Cobham's letters of 31 Oct. and 9 Nov. by the Italian that served the King under the Marquis Palavicino, who seems honest and discreet; and Harvel has, upon Cobham's commendation, made him "large offers." Perceives that, when Cobham wrote, Mr. William, his son, was not arrived at Callaice, where "he is now enjoying his bedfellow amorously. God send them both joy infinite!" As to Mr. George, his son, he is doubtless informed by Baker how he remained here without order for his costs. He is with a man of singular honesty and learning who takes care that he profits in Latin, Greek and Italian, and also in civil and virtuous customs. Money for his entertainment may be sent through Daniel and Antony Bomberges of Andwarpe, the writer's respondents and very substantial men. Hitherto has been spent for Mr. George about 40 cr., he being "left here without money, raiment, books, or anything besides."
	News is none of moment "but that the Bishop would be seen to give beginning to the Council at Trent; howbeit, methink it shall take no effect. In Rome they begin to persecute sundry persons which are noted to be Lutherans, and the Protestants seemeth to be at the present more than ever formidable to the Bishop and Roman clergy, understanding that they have lately renewed their league, increased with viij. cantons of Swiches, in offension of the Bishop and his adherents." It is bruited that the Bishop labours to give Bononye in Romagnia (a great member of the Popedom) to one of his kinsmen. Things in Piemont between the Imperials and the Frenchmen seem in suspicion. Of Turkish affairs there is nothing worth letters. Venice, 10 Jan. 1545.
	P.S.—Has, since writing, received Cobham's courteous letters of 11 Dec.; who, by report of Edmond Baker, was informed of the order of his son Mr. George, and would allow him 20l. yearly. This may be paid, as above written, to the Bomberges, the whole 20l. now for this first year and hereafter the half yearly exhibition in advance. Thanks for news. "It were much grateful to hear of some good accord, if it be to the honor and wealth of our prince and country."
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: Allo Ill^mo S^or, il S^r Cobbam, Governator di Caleis, a Caleis."
11 Jan.	48. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A. P. C., 312.	Meeting at Hampton Court, 11 Jan. Present: Great Master, Privy Seal, Hertford, Essex, Gage, Browne, Wingfield, Petre. Business:—Letters addressed to Surrey to stay "cassing" of able men above the 3,900 limited by Mr. Southwell's instructions; to Deputy of Calais; that certain Flemings bringing French wine which they desire to sell in England may utter it at Boloyne or Calais. The King's pleasure declared to grant Robert and John Maxwell, in respect of their submissions, a pension of 400 cr., and they had warrant to the Treasurer of Augmentations for each to receive 100 cr. as half year's pension at Christmas last. Letter to Sir —— (blank) to receive the younger of Lord Maxwell's sons into his house for a season.
11 Jan.	49. The Privy Council to Surrey.
Nott's Howard, 196.	The King, understanding by private advertisements from Bulloyn that Sir George Pollard is slain, and that there has been an encounter with his enemies, marvels that in so many days Surrey has not signified the matter hither. Are specially commanded to require him to signify the "circumstance of this chance," and in future to give advertisement of any such matter.
	Draft in Petre's hand, p. 1. Endorsement pasted on: M. to th'erle of Surrey xj. Decembris (sic), 1545.
11 Jan.	50. Prince Edward to Princess Mary.
Halliwell's Royal Letters, ii., 5. Nichols' Lit. Rem. of Edw. VI, 2.	It is so long since he wrote that she may think that he has forgotten her, but affection for her and his mother ever hold the chief place in his heart. Hopes to sec her soon. Hunsdon, 11 Jan.
	Translation from Latin original (not now to be found.').
11 Jan.	51. Gardiner to Paget.
R. O. St. P. xi. 9.	Gives a long and interesting account of the keeping of the chapter of the Order of the Toison, with the decoration of the church and the ceremonies used on Saturday, Sunday, Monday and Tuesday. (fn. n10) The ambassadors had a place assigned to them. There was much curiosity to see whether precedence would be given to the King or the French king; but Mons. de Barez, who was proxy for both, acted for the King first, and the Emperor seemed to do him most honour when acting for the King. The stall of the late King of Scots was there with stalls for all knights who had been of the Order since the last chapter.
	Since these public ceremonies the Emperor has spent much time in the chapter with his companions, from 2 to 11 p.m. one day and from 1 to 7 p.m. the next. Mons. de Bures tells Gardiner that he will advertise the King what is done there.
	"You will marvel what I had ado to write this. Even as much as 1 have sometime when I write John Kingston, wherewith I have spent in an afternoon as much paper as this." It proves that I have not waxed slothful in writing "although of late posts have gone slowly from us." Paget may give this letter to read, "for special news," to anyone who loves no ceremonies. Utrek, 11 Jan.
	Hol., pp. 10. Add. Endd.: 1545.
Jan.	52. Maximilian d' Egmont [Count of Buren] to Henry VIII.
R. O. St. P., xi 8	Has acted as the King's proxy at the chapter of the Order of the Golden Fleece. The Emperor and all the knights were pleased that he so promptly sent his power. Encloses the names of all who have been, absolutely elected companions, and for the remaining places certain personages have been named to the Emperor, to whom it is referred to declare them. Utrecht, —— (blank) Jan. 1545, stil de Cambray. Sinned.
	French, p. 1. Add. Endd.: 1545.
	ii. "Chevalliers de l'Ordre de la Thoison d'Or, esleuz au chapitre tenu en la cite d'Utrecht l'an xv^cxlvj. les iij^e. et aultres jours en ensuyvans du moys de Janvier, stilo communi," viz.:—
	In Germany.—Maximilian of Austria and two others to be declared by the Emperor.
	In Italy.—Three personages to be likewise declared.
	In Spain.—The duke of Alva, Don Hernando d'Alvares de Toledo, the dukes of l'Infantasgo and Nagera, and the count of Feria.
	In the Low Countries.—Messires Joachim sieur de Rye; Philippe de Lannoy prince de Sulmona; Ponthus de Lalaing, sieur de Bugnicourt; Admoral prince de Gaure, conte d'Egmonde; Jacques conte de Faulquemberge, sieur de Lignes; Philippe de Lalaing, conte de Hoochstrate; Maximilian de Bourgoigne, sieur de Beures et de la Vere; Pierre conte de Mansvelt; Jehan de Lignes, sieur de Barbanchon; Mons. de Mollembays; Mons. de Vergy; and the seneschal of Haynnault. (fn. n11)
	French, p. 2.
12 Jan.	53. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A. P. C., 312.	Meeting at Hampton Court, 12 Jan. Present: Great Master, Privy Seal; [Hertford, Essex, Gage, Browne, Wingfield, Petre]. Business: —Placard for post horses and passport to Win. Watson and John Dymoke, going beyond sea on the King's affairs.
12 Jan.	54. Dymock and Watson.
R. O.	"A memorial for John Dymmocke and —— Watson for the purposes ensuing," viz.—
	To provide 6,000 qr. wheat and 2,000 qr. rye and mystlen, either in Holland, Brabant and other Low Countries subject to the Emperor, or else at Breame, Hamborough, Lubeck or Denmarke, as they shall see best. If this grain may be delivered, three parts at Bulloyn and the fourth at Callys, the wheat at 22s. and the rye and mystlen at 20s. the qr. or under, they shall conclude the bargain; and it must be covenanted that the half be delivered at both places before 14 March next, and the other moiety by 31 March or 14 April at latest. As much of it as possible is to be brought ground and in sweet casks. If it cannot be had at the above price, they must enquire at what price it may be furnished, and give a small earnest to the merchants to keep it until they hear again from the King. They shall also enquire the cost of 3,000 gammons of bacon, 3,000 flitches of bacon, 100 of "Martilmas beefes," 200 weigh of cheese and 100 barrels of salt butter, and signify it hither with speed. And at their coining to Andwarpe they shall communicate this memorial with Stephen Vaughan, the King's agent, and consult where this provision may best be had.
	Finally, Watson, taking with him the King's letters to the King of Denmark and cities of Lubeck, Breame and Hamborough, shall travail in each of these places for provision of such proportion of the said grain and victuals as he and his colleagues think meet, and also for the hiring of six of their greatest ships equipped for war; but before concluding any bargain with the owners he shall write hither the "burdon and [met]enes to serve of every of the said ships," the furniture of them with mariners and ordnance, and the cost. If the owners, being willing to serve., lack ordnance, Watson shall buy sufficient ordnance, for the King means to have them "well stored with a good plenty of ordnance accordingly."
	Draft, with a few corrections by Petre, pp. 7. Slightly mutilated. Endd.: Mynute of the memoriall delivered to Watson and Dymmock, xij^o Januarii 1545.
12 Jan.	55. Sir Thomas Arundel.
R. O.	Acknowledgment of receipt, 12 Jan., 37 Hen. VIII., by Ant. Forster, from Sir Thos. Arrondell, for the King, of 4l. 19s. 11d. in part payment of 535l. 5s. 11½d. for purchase of the late college of Slopton, Devon, which 4l. 19s. 11d.,"as he saith," is omitted in the letters patent, although charged in the particulars.
	Hol., p. 1.
12 Jan.	56. Anthony Fugger to Gaspar Duchy.
R. O.	Lately received his letter of 12 Dec. As to the crowns which he would reckon at 36 piachi, and not at 38, it is unreasonable, as he knows that they are worth more than 38. About the 3,000 florins which he asks, besides the 5,000 fl. of gratuity which Guido Horl on the writer's part promised to pay him, thinks the 5,000 more than sufficient, and that he should rather complain of his own liberality in leaving all to the King of England, whereby he has harmed not only himself but the writer. Guido Horle wrote before the conclusion of the business how Duchy said that he wished not only to give the said jewels for lack of crowns above the 50,000 but that the King should not have to pay interest for them as for the ready money; yet neither the one nor the other has had effect by reason of his liberality. Is sure that the King would have willingly given from 12 to 13 per cent, interest both for jewels and money, as before, and as he has bargained with others. Prays him to be satisfied.
	Augsburg, 12 Jan. 1546. Signed: v'ro Antoni Fucharo m.
	Italian, pp. 2. Add.: Al molto mag^co s^or Casparo Tutzi, amicho honorand. in Anversa. Endd.: To Jasper Duche.
13 Jan.	57. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A. P. C, 312.	Meeting at Hampton Court, 13 Jan. Present: Great Master, [Privy Seal, Hertford, Essex, Gage, Browne, Wingfield, Petre]. Business: Passport from Ric. Haunden to pass to my lord of Winchester, his master. Letter to Lord Admiral of the King's pleasure touching the Aragusey ship whereof Francisco de Maryne is master, and the Great Venetian ship which are eftsoons stayed. Watson and Dymock had warrant to Williams for 90l. in prest upon their diets at 10s. each.
13 Jan.	58. Van der Delft to Charles V.
Spanish Calendar, viii., No. 184.	Since he wrote on the 9th news has come of a defeat of the English in Scotland, with loss of 1,400 men, the reason being that the Germans and Spaniards were absent in quarters at York and Newcastle. There has also been an engagement at Boulogne in which the English lost 1,200 footmen with eight English and four Italian captains. The earl of Surrey has thereby lost greatly in reputation. London, 13 Jan. 1546.
13 Jan.	59. Prince Edward to Cranmer.
Foxe, vi. 350. Cranmer's Works, 412. Nichols' Lit. Rem. of Edw. VI., 3.	Delayed answering his letter of St. Peter's Eve until he had meditated thereon. Agrees that piety is to be embraced, since St. Paul says "Pietas ad omnia utilis est" (Godliness is profitable for all things). Hertford, 13 Jan.
	Lat. Begins: Etsi puer sum, colendissime susceptor.
	60. Cranmer to Prince Edward.
Foxe, vi. 351. Cranmer's Works, 413. Nichols' Lit. Rem. of Edw. VI., 4	To hear that you are safe and well is life to me; and my absence is not so grievous to you as your letters are a joy to me, arguing as they do intelligence worthy of so great a prince and a teacher worthy of such intelligence. Continue as you have begun and adorn that Sparta which you have found, that hereafter the light of your virtue may illumine all England. I will not write at length, both that you may know that I like brevity and because, as you are still little in age, you will enjoy what is little; also lest my unpolished style affect yours.
	Lat.
	61. Dr. Coxe to Cranmer.
Nichols' Lit. Rem. of Edw. VI., 3.	Takes the opportunity of this messenger to write that "my lord's Grace," Cranmer's godson, (fn. n12) is merry and so toward in learning that all the realm ought to take him for a singular gift from God, "an imp worthy of such a father." He has learnt almost four books of Cato, to construe, parse and say without book, and will needs have fourteen verses at a time; besides things of the Bible, Satellitium Vivis, Æsop's fables and Latin making, "whereof he hath sent your Grace a little taste."
13 Jan.	62. John Dymmock to Petre.
R. O.	I enclose the letter of credence which Mr. Watson [and] I must have out with us, which you may send us with the King's letters and our instructions when signed. "We have been with Mr. Treasurer, Sir John Williame, knight, for money; but his clerk, which does keep the office, does say that it will be this iij. or four days or ever that we can have it, for there is no money in the office." London, 13 Jan. 1545.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: at Court. Endd.
13 Jan.	63. Juan de Vega to Prince Philip.
Spanish Calendar, viii., No. 183.	The Prince will know that since the Admiral of France left the Emperor's Court Friar Gabriel de Guzman has made two journeys thither, and the Emperor has again declined a French proposal almost the same as the previous one. The French are overburdened with their war and hardly seem to trust the promises with which His Holiness encourages them. His Holiness is anxious about the Council and recently asked what I thought he should do. I excused myself; for until Marquina returns I am uncertain of the Emperor's wishes, and it is sometimes advisable to keep the Pope in suspense. Of the truce with the Turk you would be advertised at the return of the ambassadors from Constantinople. Rome, 13 Jan. 1546.
14, 15 Jan.	64. The Privy Council.
Dasent's A. P. C., 313.	Meeting at Hampton Court, 14 Jan. Present: [Great Master, Privy Seal, Hertford, Essex, Gage, Browne, Wingfield, Petre]. No business recorded.
	Meeting at Hampton Court, 15 Jan. Present: as above. Business:—Letters to Lord Chancellor to direct commissions for musters into all shires and revoke the proclamation of liberty to transport victuals to Calais and Boloyne; to Ric. Warde to commit to next sessions the person detained for counterfeiting coin; to Chancellor of Augmentations to survey a dock pertaining to Sir Edw. Boughton with a view to an exchange with the King, the dock being necessary for his Grace's ships; to my lord Admiral that Maryne de Paulo had brought a bill of his account from young Wynter, and was content with the rate therein, but alleged the time to be much longer, and therefore his Lordship should signify whether since 12 Sept. he had been dismissed out of the service, and what seemed a convenient reward for his time since September if he had never been dismissed.
15 Jan.	65. The Privy Council to Gardiner, Thirlby and Carne.
R. O. St. P., xi. 14.	The King has seen their letters of 2 Jan. At next meeting with the Emperor's Council, Gardiner shall take occasion to say that considering the smallness of the sum offered he durst not write directly to the King, but wrote to certain friends of the Privy Council, who have answered that, knowing how well the King was affected to this marriage, they fear to open this overture lest his Highness conceive, either that the matter was never earnestly meant by the Emperor or that the Emperor bears better affection to France, seeing that, with another of the same daughters, he would have "departed so liberally that way," and now, notwithstanding the great difference between my lord Prince and the Duke of Orliaunce, he makes so meagre an offer with her whom he promised to advance as his own daughter. Feeling thus how far they will descend, Gardiner shall say (as of himself) that were they content to part with any piece of land adjoining the King's possessions, as Graveling, Burborough, or Sainct Omers, he would hope for the success of this marriage. But now, the matter of esclarishment of the treaty being ended, he is commanded to repair home; and for the marriage, if the Emperor either send Skepperus or any other, or instruct the Ambassador here resident, with reasonable conditions the King will doubtless make a satisfactory answer. And here again Gardiner shall touch upon the smallness of their offer and the towardness of the Prince, both in rank and person. The King requires them to hasten the conclusion of the esclarishment, "and in nowise to break off before the full perfecting thereof;" and meanwhile they shall declare (as of themselves) their zeal for the continuance of the amity and advancement of the Emperor's affairs, and the misery of the French king's dominions, whose frontiers towards the Emperor are devastated, so that the Emperor can never again have the advantage which he may "presently" have (if he will enter the wars again with the French king, who has lately gone about to entertain the Almains and to steal Cambray and other towns) to work for himself an "established peace." Finally, they shall essay to obtain the Emperor's consent that the King may retain some noblemen and soldiers for any sudden exploit upon his enemies, declaring that thereby the world shall know this esclarished amity to be in earnest.
	Gardiner shall then take leave of the Emperor and of the Regent, praying both her and the rest of the Emperor's Council not to give over hasty credit to the clamour of merchants, most of whom "will be answered with no reason,"—assuring them that the King has commanded that the Emperor's subjects here shall be used according to the treaties and shall have as speedy justice as his own subjects, trusting that his subjects, as well in Spain as elsewhere, shall be used accordingly.
	As the French, who often spread untrue bruits, may misrepresent things which have lately chanced at Bulloign, the writers are commanded to signify the very truth, as follows. My lord of Surrey having by many successes against the enemy, burning the town and ships at Estaples, and distressing the victuals coming to their new fort, brought that fort to such misery that above 400 persons died there within 15 or 16 days, the enemy prepared a great revictualment for it. Surrey, with 2,400 footmen and the horsemen of Guisnes (whom he had sent for) and Bulloign, went on Thursday afternoon, the 7th inst., towards Hardelow to let this revictualment, and met the enemy with 6,000 footmen and as many horsemen as he himself had. Of our men 180 were slain and above 300 of the enemies; and our men "distressed" almost all their victuals, of 70 and odd wagons destroying and bringing away all but ten. But some of our men, through overmuch courage, disordered their array, and thereby seven or eight young gentlemen were lost, among them Sir George Pollard, who was "stricken on the knee with a gun out of Hardelow castle" and died within two hours, Edward Poninges, and other meaner personages. The Frenchmen will doubtless report it as a great victory, because in the misorder they got one or two of the captains' ensigns. Our men, however, gained their object.
	Considering the scarcity of grain and victuals the King has, for the furniture of Bulloyn, Calys, Guysnes, &c., presently despatched Wm. Watson and John Dymmock into those parts to confer with Stephen Vaughan and thereupon provide, partly in Holland and the Emperor's countries, partly at Hamborough, Breame and thereabouts, a certain quantity of grain and victuals. You shall obtain licence of the Emperor and Regent for them to provide and transport it.
	P.S.—The Emperor's Council must be told of the deceit used by his subjects in colouring Frenchmen's goods, which is so increased that now every ship from France is named to have the goods of the Emperor's subjects. If, by proclamation or otherwise, the Emperor were to prevent this, contentions would be avoided and their merchants pass more surely. It is now thought best not to speak yet of licence for the grain and victuals; for if the Emperor excuse himself because of scarceness he may be more easily answered after the King's agents have bargained. Sir Ralph Ellerker has now arrived from Bulloyn and reports that above 500 Frenchmen were slain and 200 of ours; and that of 92 wagons with victuals, not passing six were brought to the fortress, the rest being distressed by our horsemen, who chased Mons. de Bees and the French horsemen three miles beyond Hardelow.
	Draft corrected by Petre, pp. 11. Endd.: M. to my lordes of Winton and Westm., etc., xv^o. Januarii 1545.