Henry VIII: May 1542, 11-20 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 17, 1542. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1900.

Citation:

'Henry VIII: May 1542, 11-20', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 17, 1542, ed. James Gairdner, R H Brodie( London, 1900), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol17/pp186-199 [accessed 16 November 2024].

May 1542, 11-20



11 May. R. O.	318. John Lord Lisle and Sir Ric. Southwell to the Council. Their letters presently addressed to the King declare their first proceedings on arriving here, touching his fortifications here newly made. Comparing them, upon a "second view," with the platts devised by the King, they find diversity both between the works and the platts and between the opinion of Gower, controller of the works, and the Master Mason, whose doings (by the judgment of John Rogers) will not answer to the King's expectation. As 20,000 marks has been expended, and as much more (as the treasurer informs them) will be required, such "things squared and discoursed from the King's most wise and politic devices were not tolerable." Have therefore caused the Master Mason to draw a platt of the [forti]fication now made at the Belle Tower, which, with the platt devised by the King, they intend to send up by John Rogers as soon as his charge at Hulle will permit. Beg them to charge Rogers upon his allegiance to declare all that he has seen, and they will learn that not without cause their reports are sent to the King by his mouth. The bill of complaint exhibited by Robert Roke to the King'is probably true, but they have not yet duly examined the circumstances. Will answer it by next letters. Barwik, 11 May a^o xxxiiij^to. Signed. Pp. 2. Slightly mutilated. Add. Endd.
12 May. R. O. St. P., IX., 23.	319. Gardiner to Henry VIII. Yesternight, after arriving at Stepney, devised to pick a quarrel to speak with the ambassador, (fn. 1) and sent him word that, having been three years in France he had learnt to send for wine wherever he thought the best to be, and therefore he now sent for some wine to his supper, although he was a Frenchman only in that point. He liked the message well, and sent his secretary to desire Gardiner to dinner next day, with offer to come and salute him in the morning, which Gardiner prevented; and so they came together rather at his (the ambassador's) provocation, as he thinks, this forenoon. He sues to Gardiner to get him a gracious audience, for he knows the amity between the King and the Emperor to be the very mean "to extinct the light enterprises of France, and to expel the Turk, and to quiet Germany," and would pledge his life that what he opens will be performed by the Emperor. He said he could fashion no other commission than he has, but that he has letters from the Emperor to warrant him in what he should propone, and would write to the Emperor to confirm all that he granted. He knew all that the Frenchmen did, and thought the King meet to be wooed. Seeing him in this good trade, Gardiner was not over bold, but said he would consult the lord Privy Seal whether he (the ambassador) should seek audience again; and so left, as it were, to speak with the lord Privy Seal, the ambassador inviting him to dinner to-morrow. Spoke with him of all the matters which the King signified by Mr. Sadler; which he considered wisely, and concludes that the King's amity is most necessary to the Emperor. Asks whether to advise him to sue for audience to the Council or to the King's person. Stepney, Friday, 12 May. Hol., pp. 4. Add. Endd. : 1542.
12 May. R. O.	320. The Privy Council to Gardiner. The King, having perused your letters of your conference with the Emperor's ambassador, has commanded us to signify that he perceives the ambassador desires to have new access to him, to make suit to treat of some matter which might be an introduction to the amity. You shall, therefore, advise him to consider that the King's affairs stand in so good terms that, although he desires the friendship of all Christian princes, he has no need to seek any, and therefore the ambassador should, at his access, have some special matter to propone, and proceed in it roundly "and, as he said to you, not by way of practise," so as to prove that the Emperor desires "a conjunction and perfect establishment of friendship betwixt them," in which case he shall find the King well disposed. And if he have no such special matter you shall advise him to write to the Emperor or Queen Regent of Flanders for commission to propone something, rather than sue for access, which should be but vain, considering that he has to do with a wise and experienced prince. Draft in Sadler's hand, pp. 4. Endd. : "The minute of the King's Majesty's Privy Council's letter to the B. of Wynchester, 12 Maii a^o 1542."
12 May. R. O. St. P., IX., 21.	321. Edmond Harvel to Henry VIII. Wrote on the 6th. The bp. of Rome has deputed three cardinals to convoke the General Council in Trent against 1 Aug. next, but men give the news small credit, considering the vain intimations for Mantua and Vincentia. The Bishop is moved by the things of Germany proceeding more and more against his authority, and by the increase in Italy of the "opinion of Almains." He labours to unite the Emperor and French king against England, but Harvel expects to see his malice return upon his own head, for abusing the Christian religion with tyranny and idolatry. Warns the King to provide against the fraud of enemies whom the strength of England and courage of the nation permit him to despise. Here is voice that the French king will not war in Italy this year, but practise with the Emperor through the Bishop; howbeit captain Polin, the French ambassador to the Turk, departs for Constantinople to-morrow or next day, but Janus Bey does not depart for 15 or 20 days, although he has his answer, that the Signory will remain neutral. By last reports from Constantinople, Barbarossa comes not forth with the great navy that was noised, but only with 80 galleys besides foysts. They mention the Emperor's coming to Italy, and that the Bishop sends 1,000 horsemen, and Guasto 500, to Hungary. There the men of war assemble to be ready "by all th' instant month" to go to Buda, which has a strong presidy of 7,000 Turks, well furnished. The bishop of Rome, understanding that count Ludovico de Rangon has been in England, threatens to deprive the Count of his patrimony, and give it to his nephew (fn. 2) who is in the French Court. Venice, 12 May 1542. Hol., pp. 2. Add. Endd.
13 May. R. O.	322. Robert Dacres to Anthony Denny, of the Privy Chamber. Brother, Mr. Sawnders returned from Myttyngham a seven night agone where he has advanced your profit as well amongst your tenants as your chaplains; for he has gotten 2 great chalices and a great pix silver and parcell gilt, divers rich corporas cases and 19 massive silver spcons, which are in the hands of the master, also palls of silk, &c. (described). One simple priest being well examined gave light to all these things, and then all the other priests confessed. Mr. Castell, who has a lease of the glebe of your parsonage of Ranyngham, 6 miles from Metyngham, and suitable for your own household if you were there, requests Mr. Sawnders and Mr. Gates to get his lease extended. "I wrote this in haste, being towards horseback at Mr. Sawnders' instance." For news here at Cheshunt, my sister your wife is brought in bed of a fair daughter. My lord of "Westm." and I were there, and she is as well as may be. To-day I ride into Hertfordshire alone about the King's loan : I much miss the assistance of Mr. Sadler and you, for my acquaintance in the shire is small. On Sunday next those of whom I have letters of assistance will dine with me at Cheshunt, and we will consult about "perusing" the shire. London, 13 May. Signed. P. 1. Add. Endd.
13 May.	323. Rory O'More. Indenture with Rory O'More. See, later, under 10 Nov.
13 May. R. O.	324. Mons. Capo Di Ferro to Cardinal Farnese. * * * Had just sent his letters of the 11th, when the Admiral's secretary (fn. 3) arrived from England, with report that the practice continues, but the King of England will not decide until he sees what Francis will do with the Emperor. This delay shows that he will attach himself to him who gives most, for both seek him. It is said that because of this report a messenger has been sent after Mons. de Tumpes with all diligence, and it is whispered that the secretary will return immediately with new offers (partiti). This is confirmed to me to-day by the Cardinal of Scotland, who says he has letters from England, from a person of influence, that all the Council dissuade their King from this marriage in order not to declare against the Emperor; so that, unless this King go more warmly to work, he will not be in so strong a position as he recently thought. And besides, there is the reply of the Venetians and the union of Germany. * * * Italian. Modern extract from Rome, p. 1. Headed : Di Mons. Capo di Ferro dei xiij di Maggio 1542, da Bar su Sena, al R^mo Card. Farnese.
14 May. R. O. St. P., IX., 25.	325. The Privy Council to Gardiner. Yesternight, received his letters, and showed them to the King, who approves his proceedings with the ambassador. (fn. 4) Apparently, the ambassador alleges that he has proponed a speciality touching the confirmation of the old treaties; but the King remembers only that, in the time of last progress, he desired, on behalf of the Regent of Flanders, a new treaty of intercourse. Gardiner shall, on the first opportunity, tell him that, upon reflection, he cannot remember hearing that he had proponed such a matter, and is sure that the King and the rest of the Council do not understand that he has done so, save that generally he has desired a new treaty of intercourse; advising him, if he have any such special overture of a general confirmation of the old leagues to speak of, to desire access to the King, and propone it again, as a good introduction of this amity. Gardiner shall get him to sue for access in such a way that it may be granted for Ascension Day next. The King thinks he should be reminded that the Edict made in Flanders is grounded upon an untrue suggestion, his Majesty having done nothing not consonant to the treaties, and that its revocation (although a thing to which, by honor and reason, they are bound) would please the King and further all other good purposes. Draft, with corrections, and last paragraph, in Wriothesley's hand, pp. 9. Endd. : The minute of the King's Majesty's Privy Council here to the B. of Winchester, 14 Maii a^o 1542.
14 May. R. O. Kaulck, 419. (Abstract.)	326. Francis I. to Marillac. Has received his letter of the 2nd, and that of the 6th by the receiver De Chasteauneuf. As to the affair for which the Receiver went. Marillac knows how it was begun, and Francis has always wished (in his desire to maintain and confirm by alliance the perfect amity which he has with the King of England) to bring it to a conclusion, and thinks it impossible to approach nearer to reason than he has done. But, seeing how the King's Council there have dealt with him, Marillac shall let matters rest and put nothing more forward, since Francis's son is of a good enough house to find a wife, nor has any son of France ever remained without a parti. If, however, the English resume the subject he shall report what they say; but they may find Francis then as cold as they have been. The amity is so firm and assured that it will continue as hitherto. Countersigned : Bayard. French. Modern transcript, pp. 2. Headed : Moustier Raincy (Montieramey). 14 May 1542.
15 May. Haverkamp's Sylloge Altera, 191. Cheke's De Pronunciatione (ed. 1555), 1.	327. Greek and Latin at Cambridge. 1. Gardiner to Cheke. Urges him as a friend, and not as chancellor of the University, not to insist on introducing at Cambridge his new theories on the pronunciation of Greek and Latin, which have aroused general ridicule and indignation. It is true that Erasmus and others have already started such theories. No doubt the modern pronunciation differs greatly from the ancient, but he does not see how Cheke can set up an authoritative standard. The attempt is arrogant. Comments at some length upon his arguments from natural sounds, and points out that the new system would subvert good order by weakening the authority of the older scholars over the younger. Ends : "Tibi in manu est ut amicum me habeas aut tu pertinaci Cancellarium infensum. Bene vale." Lat. See Strype's Cheke, p. 15.
Haverkamp, 208. Cheke, De P., 22.	2. Cheke to Gardiner. The pleasure he derived from Gardiner's first letter sent to him privately is turned to pain by the severity of the second. Defends at great length his innovations in the pronunciation of Greek and Latin. Concludes that in this controversy his opponents have shown only obstinacy and ignorance, and none have attempted to argue, save Radcliff alone, who has always been an adversary to everything good. Begs him to permit liberty of pronunciation. Lat.
Haverkamp, 205. Cheke, De P., 18. Strype, Ecel. mem. I. ii., 479.	3. Edict of Stephen, bp. of Winchester, as chancellor of Cambridge University, against innovations there in the pronunciation of Greek and Latin. London, 18 cal. Junias, 1542. Lat.
15 May. R. O. St. P., IX., 26.	328. Paget to Henry VIII. On the 9th, received letters from the Council at London, enclosing minutes of letters from the King to them, and from them to the King, touching the matter propounded by the French ambassador; and also a letter from others of the Council at Dover, to take order with the Admiral upon the outrage of the bishop of Constance. Repaired next day to the Admiral, and said that, whereas, upon the abrogation of the bp. of Rome's usurped power in England, all ordinaries exercised jurisdiction by the King's authority, in the isles of Garnesey and Jersey (members of England, as he knew) the bp. of Constance, in Normandy, ordinary there, by his officers, attempted to exercise the ordinary jurisdiction by authority of the bp. of Rome, and intended to repair thither himself for that purpose. Desired him to prevent that enterprise; for the King would, out of love for Francis, permit the said bishop to exercise the jurisdiction by his authority, as other English bishops did, but not otherwise. He answered that he never heard of this before, and was sure his King had not; but order should be taken. Further conversation (verbatim), begun by Paget, in which the Admiral said his secretary wrote from Rochester, at his arrival, and was expected back in two days. Paget asked whether they had demanded reasonably or at the rate of the overture Francis made to him. The Admiral said he could not tell : and was very unwilling to speak, but sighed deeply. Then, hearing of the King's wakening, he departed, saying that the bp. of Constance should attempt no novelties. Hearing on Thursday night of the Admiral's secretary's arrival, repaired to Court next morning, to the Admiral, who said he had spoken with his master, and the bp. of Constance should be ordered to exercise jurisdiction in the King's isles as other English bishops did, for he was sure they would be loth to have pardons from Rome there. Paget wished he might see the day that pardons were as little set by here as in England. "'Par le corps Dieu," quod he, cholerickly, 'for my part I set nother by pardon nor pope, et le Diable emporte et le Pape et tous les Papilions avecques.' 'Me thought' (said I) 'that I saw even now your secretary that went into England.' 'Yea, Mary!' quod he, 'he came home yesterday in the morning.' 'What news?' (quod I). 'What news!' (quod he) 'the things be far asunder; which I am sure you know.' 'I looked for none other' (quod I) 'if you asked that was propounded to me; but what was asked and offered, I pray you?' (quod I). 'There was offered' (quod he) 'three hundred thousand crowns; and what is that? Howbeit, seeing the things cannot go forward as we would, we shall remain friends nevertheless, as we were before.'" Paget said the offer was ten times more reasonable than the demand : 300,000 cr. was as much as was ever offered with a king's daughter to a king's second son, and reminded him of the agreements with king Lewis, and for the Dolphin that dead is. The Admiral answered that his master had said to him, "See you not this Pope, qui nest quung petit prestre in comparison of the King my brother, so audaceux as to send me word he was as great as Leo or Clement, and as well able to marry his niece with the house of France as Clement was; and if that I would join with him he would give me three hundred thousand crowns in ready money, and do somewhat else besides? And the King my brother offereth me but as much, and that in such a sort as he shall lie out never a penny for it." Pointed out that there was no comparison between the King's friendship and the Bishop of Rome's, or between his daughter and the Bishop's son's daughter, and that their ambassador had demanded roundly the remission of the whole million, or else of 600,000 and the pension viager, which was too unreasonable. The Admiral said he knew not what the ambassador asked, but he knew what he was commanded, and had sent his secretary with special instructions, but he might not be admitted. Paget excused the Council for not admitting him, and laid the blame upon the ambassador for not explaining the nature of his mission. The secretary then came up and declared what had been demanded and answered at length; and then began "the discourse of th' overture of war. 'Nay,' quod th' Admiral (secretary Bayarde standing by, for he had called him to Council a little before) 'the King is up, I cannot tarry; tell the sum, what was their answer?' 'Mary,' quod he, 'that they would in no wise make war with th' Emperor.'" Then, walking towards the Court, Paget defended this answer on the ground that the French king had told him that, but for Henry's sake, he could wink at any quarrels he had; and the Admiral said he was sorry this matter was ever advanced, for he was sure he should "hear of it." Paget said he wished that the pension had not been mentioned; for now, when the King expected some fruition of it, to see them go about to take it away was enough to offend some princes. "We go not about to take it away' (quod he), 'but to have him of his liberality to give it to his daughter.' 'Never speak of it' (quod I) 'for it will never be.'" He said he was the more sorry; howbeit, the Kings would remain friends, as they did after he failed to conclude at Calais with the duke of Norfolk and others, upon a matter which was Henry's own overture to him; and some other mean might be devised. Gave him fair words and so departed. Protests at some length that he has written everything truly, although he wrote that the French king requested "some part" of the interest and pension, and the French ambassador asked all; and that the French king and Admiral both promised to join someone with the ambassador, and, shifting that overture, to send someone after another sort; and, finally, that the Admiral made an overture of war which the ambassador said was made by Paget to the French king. Had no communication of war with the French king; and, also, the Admiral said it was the only cause of his secretary's going thither. Bears him as fair a face as ever, for the sake of the King's affairs; for he could not else "dissemble this injury." The French stand "like deer upon a laund," knowing not which way to take; and, for a fortnight past, the common answer to the question of what the King would do has been, "No man can tell, nor the King himself, until Neufchasteau come out of England, and then we shall know all." They made sure of this marriage, and remission of arrears, and thus, indirectly, of the King's aid against the Emperor; for, once, when Paget said they could not make war because all the Almains were taken up for the war against the Turk, the Admiral answered "Yes, yes, if we had money enough we shall have men enough, and my master hath already retained all the best captains of Almains." They half doubt Henry's amity, and say that he is in great practice with the Emperor, who is sending a bishop thither, with letters also from the Bishop of Rome, requesting amity. Where they thought, under pretence of amity, to have obtained the legacy of the daughter of Portugal, Mons. Dade, their ambassador there, has laboured in vain, and is to be recalled. Mons. Montpesack is gone into Gascoign, Mons. Gruneans to Provence, Mons. de Langey to Piedmont, and the King had appointed himself to be here in Picardy. Mons. de Longevale (who, the saying is, shall be Great Master) is gone secretly to the duke of Cleves. He sent word that he was going to his house (the town ^on the Luxemburg frontier for which, Paget wrote, the Emperor demanded homage), and carried 20,000 crs. for the fortifications there, but the money was really to entertain horsemen. 1,000 light horse are appointed to Piedmont, where Mons. St. Juliano has already 3,000 Swiss, and Count Guliaulme is to bring 8,000 Almains. Mons. de Brysack shall command all the footmen there, and Dannebault shall be lieutenantgeneral, whose train starts to-morrow, and himself follows in post. The French king sent the Turk word that he would enter the war this year, by Polino, who is at Venice with Janus Bey, the Turkish ambassador, having escaped a scouring by the Imperials, who took two French gentlemen going by water from Turin to Padua for study, and, thinking one of them was Polino, tied stones to their necks and threw them into the water. (fn. 5) In Piedmont, a French courier going to their ambassador at Venice was lately untrussed and his packet broken, and a courier of the Emperor, coming towards Flanders, trussed and his packets broken, and 1,000 crs. taken from him. What he writes of the appearance of war is known to all here; but the "sudden defect" of this treaty may alter things. Yonder Bishop of Rome ceases not to practise, and has now sent his secretary, De Monte Pulciano, into Spain; to return by this Court, where he is looked for daily. The Emperor's ambassador talked a great while with the King, after Neufchasteau came out of England. The countenances of both were displeasant. Afterwards the ambassador talked with the Admiral, and again on Friday, the occasion being, apparently, the return of a post sent by the ambassador to Milan, upon these "brusleryes" in Piedmont. The post sent at the same time into Spain has not returned. In Piedmont, Guasto has prepared many footmen for Hungary. The Bishop of Rome fortifies Parma and Placenza, and all the sea coast, for fear of the Turk, whose ambassador has obtained from the Venetians the passage for horsemen. Saw this in letters from Rome, and it is confirmed by captain Turchetto and Mons. de Scenez, brother to the bailiff of Troyes, who have arrived from Maran, and are much made of, especially De Chenez, (fn. 6) who was banished, and is now restitutus in integrum. Signor Ascanio de Colonna, suspected of practice with the French, is deprived of his state in Naples, and his son put in his place. Dr. Volmer has arrived with a wagon load of presents from the Palantynes, one being a valuable clock, and another certain armour. A gentleman of the king of Sweden reports that three ambassadors are coming from his master, who desires to enter the league with the French king and the king of Denmark. Stephanus de Colonna, a captain who was in grand credit with the French king, and a knight of his Order, has joined the Emperor, and is appointed lieutenant for the wars in Florence, Senes and Luke, and is at Florence with the Duke. The letters from Rome stated that the Bishop offered a General Council at Metz or Cambray, but the Turk's coming dashed it. The King's journey to Jenville is stayed, and the duke of Guise, who went home to prepare for it, returned. The King's course now depends upon others. He has great practices in Italy, and certain gentlemen of Milan have lately suffered death, suspected of conspiracy. Lacks means of learning news, one Laplanche, a Frenchman with whom he had intelligence in Cleves and here, being sent into Cleveland after De Longevale. He said his dispatch was only to report the state of affairs with England. Was ready to close this letter, when the servant whom he sent to remind the Admiral of the bishop of Constance's matter brought word that the Admiral desired a memorial of what was to be written. Thinking that strange, went this morning to the Admiral, who asked what need there was to advertise the bishop, since, if he offended the laws, Henry could deprive him. Replied that the laws extended to the death of such as maintained the usurped power of the bishop of Rome, and as this was a prelate of France, Henry would be loth to have occasion to use that extremity against him. Delivered a memorial for General Bayard to make the despatch upon, so that they should not forget or say afterwards that Paget had not spoken of it. Encloses copy of the memorial, which he put in Latin that they should take no advantage of him in French. If the French king write it as it is devised he shall openly, as hitherto he has tacite, approve Henry's doings against the bp. of Rome. The Admiral said his master would shortly replace Marillac by one of the Grand Council; who was not yet appointed, but should be one well affected to Henry. Villemorien, 15 May, 9 p.m. Signed. Pp. 15. Add. Endd. :* "* * * xxxiiij^o."
Caius College, MS. 597, p. 96.	2. Letter-book copy of the preceding, in the hand of Paget's clerk. (fn. 7) Pp. 14.
R. O. St. P., IX. 38.	3. Memorial for a letter from the French king to the bp. of Constance not to exercise jurisdiction in Jersey or Guernesey in the name of the bp. of Rome (whom some call Pope), but in that of the King of England, according to the laws there. Latin. Small paper, p. 1.
Caius College MS., 597 p. 109.	4. Letter-book copy of 3. in the handwriting of Paget's clerk. P. 1.
Calig. E. IV. 100. B. M.	5. Another copy of 3. Much mutilated, p. 1.
17 May. R. O.	329. Gardiner to Southampton, Browne and Sadler. Was yesterday with the ambassador (fn. 8) from 2 o'clock until 8, and found him wonderful glad that he has new letters, whereupon to have access to the King. He showed his commission, signed and sealed in solemn form, to conclude articles of "defension offension, confirmation of old treaties, amplyfying or adding unto the same;" saying he had ample instruction to conclude anything reasonable. Asked what he meant by reasonable, he said he meant matters not "of greater weight than he could think on as yet." Found him very desirous to "devise." He said the matter talked of before the arrival of these letters was but a cold matterto have old treaties confirmed. Christendom was vexed "with dissension of the Emperor and the French king," and, by the latter's procurement, infested with the Turk. In this tragedy, the King had hitherto looked on. It must end either by agreement or force. If by force, then, if the Turk prevail he shall confound all; if the French king he will "still search new trouble"; if the Emperor he shall be thought too great. And if by agreement; in such agreements, such as have been neuter are not always well provided for. The King needed neither the amity of the Emperor nor of the French king; but a prince so endowed by God with riches and wisdom should use them for the pacification of Christendom, and so win renown of the world, and reward of God; and, joining with the Emperor, who takes him as his father, he should be called the father of Christendom. Gardiner asked if he meant the King to enter war against France. He said he meant that the King and the Emperor conjoined should bring the French king to reason, "or else war to ensue." Said the King had no cause of war. He replied that the detaining of his money was cause enough, besides the using it to trouble Christendom and the soliciting the Turk's invasion to the common danger; but if the King and Emperor join, having with them in the quarrel against the Turk all Germany and Spain, the French king shall not dare to continue obstinate. He reckons the King's authority alone shall quiet all; and would have the Turk the principal matter, so'as to allure the world, and "other covenants" made "upon what points they should proceed to an hostility with France and, after hostility, upon what articles to take peace," with provision in case the Scot or Denmark move against the King. He added that, for assurance of the pension, the King should have Bolen, Ardre, Muttrel, and Turwyn. And thus the King of Romayns should be brought out of misery, Germany delivered from the Turk, the duke of Savoy restored, all Christendom relieved and the dread of England quickened in the Frenchmen's hearts. And he "concluded that it lieth now in the King's Highness' hands to make the world new again." Replied that all this was honorable, but costly. He answered that, unless too much blinded, fear of worse would cause the French king to agree; and even war would cost the King little more than he now spent upon fortifications, for all would contribute; interposing his authority, the King would obtain the money now due to him in France; whereas the French used his neutrality to retain the pension, and practise with Scotland and Denmark for the means to annoy him if he should ask it. Said that, if earnestly asked, it would not be refused. He answered that "to such a realm as England is, which pretendeth title unto them," the French would never continue paying money unless for fear, and, to prove that they did not mean good faith, the French king excused himself at Rome, "that he practiseth with the King's Majesty only to interrupt such practise as was between the King's Highness and th' Emperor." He added other reasons too long to write, and, concluding, asked how Gardiner liked it. Answered that he wished the King and Emperor conjoined to both their satisfactions and the benefit of Christendom. He said God had offered this occasion, and asked whether he should, to the King, mention Gardiner's being with him. Told him it was best nay, "considering I had had no commission to talk with him." "He noted much unto me the chance of our meeting, our communication, his desire of new letters, and the arrival of them in this opportunity; for he saith he hath been so much suspect of merchandise that, without new letters and th' Emperor's own commission, he should with much fear have repaired to the King's Highness, to whom, for the great wisdom he seeth in him, he beareth as great a reverence as if he were his natural sovereign [lo]rd; and yet how good and affable the King's Majesty is to confer with if the matter be not over untoward, and yet in all matters, of what sort soever they have been, he hath had no cause to complain." Has here touched the points of their communication,briefly, but at more length than need be reported to the King. Stepney, Wednesday morning. Hol., pp. 7. Add. Endd. : "My lord of Winchester to the Council at the Court xvij^o Maii a^o xxxiiij^o."
17 May. Poli Epp. III., 54.	330. Cardinal Pole to Cardinal Contarint. As to what our M. Antonio wrote to M. Scipione, he was moved to write it only by what he heard at Rome, when the Council came to be anew talked of, and without any certain grounds. We are all very well. I purpose to go and spend Whitsuntide at Rome, to kiss the feet of his Holiness, which I could not do last holy days, because of my illness. If I can do you any service in the 10 or 12 days I shall be there, pray command me. I will send word when I know his Holiness' pleasure about my going Viterbo, Vigilia Ascensionis, 1542. Italian.
[18 May.] Lamb. MS. 695, B. 41.	331. Robt. Swyfte, the Younger, to [the Earl Of Shrewsbury]. (fn. 9) On Monday, 15 May, Lady Northumberland presented a bill to the King at Greenwich complaining that she had no living from the lands of her late husband. He heard her very gently, and "bowed down upon his staff unto her, and said, 'Madam, how can your ladyship desire any living of your husband's lands, seeing your father (fn. 10) gave no money to your husband in marriage with your ladyship, or what think you that I should do herein ?' And she answered, 'What shall please your Grace.' He answered again and said, 'Madam, I marvel greatly that my lord, your father, being so great a wise man as he was, would see no direction taken in this matter in his time. Howbeit, Madam, we wolle be contented to refer the matter unto our Council." He then spoke for some time with the bp. of Durham and Sir Anthony Browne, and gave the bp. the bill. At his return the lady besought him to be good and gracious to her, to which he answered, "We wolle." Mr. Watley's matter was debated on Tuesday, 9 May, and Mrs. Watley refused the arbitration proposed by Mr. Beaumonte on Shrewsbury's behalf. She said she would put a bill to the King at his coming to Detfourthe, or enter her action at the Common Law, but he cannot perceive that she has done either. Mr. Pollerte "has entered into the new dyete that no man can speak with him for no matters." On Wednesday, 17th, went with Mr. Brewerton and Mr. Beamonte before my lord St. John for the arrearages of the 100l. He said he could do nothing as the earl had all the particulars of the lands, which lord Braye sold to the King, and, if they were not worth 100l. a year, he must take his remedy at lady Breye's hands. The Earl's counsel has also met the counsel of the Earl of Oxford about certain lands. Cannot get the matter in the Exchequer settled. Has paid the subsidy. Has obtained a letter from Sir Thos. Pope to Mr. Waren about the wood at Farnham, but the auditor has sold great part thereof. Cannot say whether it is requisite for any one to come up to attend on my lady of Northumberland till my lord of Durham and Mr. Browne be spoken with, which shall be Friday, 19th inst. London, Ascension Day. Hol., pp. 2. Add. : To my lord.
18 May. Lamb. MS. 603, p. 41.	332. Maguillem. Submission of Maguillen by indenture with the lord Deputy and Council, 18 May 34 Hen. VIII. In English. Copy, pp. 2. See Carew Calendar, No. 164.
18 May. R. O. St. P., III. 383.	333. McDonell. Submission of McDonell, captain of galloglasses, by indenture with the lord Deputy and Council, 18 May 34 Hen. VIII. Signed : Edwarde Miden.; Oliver P. of Louth; Gerald Aylmer, justice; Will'm Brabazon; John Travers; Thomas Cusake. Pp. 2.
Lamb. MS. 603, p. 41a.	2. Copy of the preceding. P. 1. See Carew Calendar, No. 165.
18 May. Lamb. MS. 603, p. 42a.	334. The O'neils. Order taken between O'Neyle and Phelim Roo, by the lord Deputy and Council, at Dundalk, 18 May 34 Hen. VII. Four articles providing that McDonell shall abstain from acting against O'Neyle, that the question of certain preys taken by Phelim Roo be referred to arbitrators, viz., the lord of Lowthe, Sir John Plunckett, Sir Geo. Dowdall, late prior of Ardy, and Sir Jas. Gernon, and that offences on both sides done before O'Neyle's last submission (fn. 11) are to be forgiven and Phelim restored to his father's lands. Copy, pp. 2. See Carew Calendar, No. 166.
19 May. Harl. 283, f. 187. B. M.	335. Ric. Taylard to the Lord Deputy Of Calais. Informs him of the news this morning in Flanders. "All Braynnard at midnight hath driven their cattle away, and all other their goods be ready in wagons to go with bag and baggage for fear of the Frenchmen. They say it is war. Wherefore I desire your Lordship to save two barrels of powder to serve if need be. Dated at the head : the xix^th of Meye. Hol., p. 1. Add.
19 May. Lamb. MS. 603, p. 33.	336. O'neil. Articles by which I, Connacius O'Neile, am bound. Thirteen articles acknowledging the King's sovereignty, renouncing the Roman Pontiff, asking pardon for his offences, offering to live under such laws as the earls of Ormond and Desmond, and praying that he may have the name earl of Ulster, promising to attend Parliaments, and that Phelim Rufus O'Neile, Nelan Connelaghe, and Hugh O'Neile shall have their lands, renouncing his rents in Uriell, &c. Latin. ii. (fn. 12) "The answer of O'Neyle to such things as were proposed by the lord Deputy and Council unto him upon the tenor of the King's Majesty's letters for that purpose to them directed." Promising to take such name and lands as the King shall appoint him, and to submit to the King's mercy. Signed and sealed, 19 May 34 Hen. VIII. iii. Extracts from peaces between the lord Deputy and (1) Conne O'Neyle; (2) Phelim Roo O'Neill; and (3) Hugh Roo McMahon, by which they promise to assist at hostings. Copy, pp. 4. See Carew Calendar, No. 167.
R. O. St. P., III. 353.	2. Copy of (fn. 13) i. of the preceding. (fn. 14) Latin, pp. 3.
R. O.	3. Later copy of (fn. 13) 2, with annotations and endorsement (cited in St. P., iii. 355 note, to the effect that it was made by O'Neale before his creation of Earldom, and is entered "in the read Councel Book, fo. 20") in a later hand. Pp. 2.
R. O.	4. English translation of (fn. 13) 2. Pp. 3. Endd. : Articles whereunto O'Neyle is bound.
R. O. St. P., III. 355.	337. [The Council Of Ireland] to Henry VIII. (fn. 13) "Considerations why we, your humble subjects, have taken a respite of war with O'Neyle, and why your Majesty may the rather accept his submission if it so stand with your Highness' pleasure," viz., seven articles showing that, as O'Neyle's country is large and barren (and extremities used against him might drive other Irishmen to despair, while long continued war would give others opportunity to rebel) it is best to try policy to induce the inhabitants there to be true subjects. "Irishmen upon your Highness peace" : Odonell, Nele Connelagh Oneyle, Phelym Roo Oneile, Hugh Oneile, Nele More's son; McMahoun, Magennys, and the lord of Clanneboy; Maguylle, "which is an Englishman," Ohanlon; Alex. Carrow and his sept, Scots; Orayly, Maguyre, Ferney. "Irishmen upon Oneile's peace" :Harry McShane Oneyle; Fydoorough, Phelym Cewffe, and Tirlough, sons to O'Neyle, "and have fair countries"; Ocahane; McDonell, captain of his galloglas; Donnogh Malaghlyn. Those men thought meet to be at Oneyle's leading, because of his kin, and within his lands, as Ormond and Desmond rule their quarters ("and the most part of the said men served Oneile now in this war as well as they did your Highness"), viz., Nele Connelagh, Phelym Roo, Hugh Oneyle, and those mentioned above as "upon Oneile's peace." Copy in the hand of the Council Clerk of Ireland, pp. 3. Endd. : "Articles whereunto Oneyle is bound, with the considerations of respite of war against him."
20 May. R. O. Kaulek, 420. (Almost the whole text.)	338. Marillac to Francis I. Soon after the receiver De Chasteauneuf departed with Marillac's last despatch of the 6th, this King returned from Dover, having contented himself with seeing the fortifications on this side, without crossing the sea, as he would have done had not too many people discovered his project. But, he sent for M. Wallop, captain of Guynes, with whom he held important communications (propos de consquence) which, with some other signs, presage more ill than good. Among other things, he questioned Wallop how far the work of Ardres was advanced, and whether he thought it could be easily forced. Wallop answered that indeed it was a strong thing, if the work was allowed to be finished, but it was not so diligently proceeded with but that it might, for some time yet, be taken. In conclusion, this King commanded the work commenced at Guynes to be hastened, so that they might in time speak with those of Ardres, and see if they could be as successful as the Burgundians formerly were. Two personages who were present have severally confirmed this; and everyone presupposes that he is indignant at the rebuilding of Ardres. Moreover, since Marillac's last despatch, Winchester (as good an Imperialist as bad Frenchman), the man to whom intrigues are commonly deputed, is come to stay in the fields at a little house adjoining that of the Emperor's ambassador, where they can communicate at all hours, as they are said to do daily. Cannot but think they are brewing something to Francis's disadvantage, for Winchester would not have left the fine places he has, both in town and in the fields, near the King's houses, unless he had charge to frame some intrigue with the said ambassador, who, through indisposition, cannot leave his lodging. Although English designs are commonly kept so secret that they can only be understood by conjecture, Marillac hears from a good place that this King speaks of undertaking the protection of the Emperor's Low Countries, and lending a great sum for the enterprise against the Grand Seigneur in Hungary upon receiving possession of certain towns of the Low Countries. Their pretext for the great loan of which Marillac wrote is partly this and partly the recovery of the pensions, which, they say, are due to them in France. Some presume that these great exactions are intended to impoverish the people that they may not easily rebel. This King, having taken away all the great lords of the blood, who could take the lead (faire teste) and collected in one place the treasures which were dispersed among the churches, it only remains to clip the wings of the private [people] to keep them from flying. For, after a general tax which, a year ago, every one paid without exception, at the rate of a shilling in the pound, they are constrained now to lend some a fourth part of their goods, many a third and some a half, so that in London alone this loan will amount to 500,000 cr., or 600,000 cr., and for the whole realm the sum will exceed what other Kings of England, however pressed, have exacted. In any case such massing of finances makes people think of some design of war, although there is no great appearance that it should be openly against France, especially as the naval preparations (equipage de mer) are discontinued, and left half finished, and there is no mention of levying men or making ready; unless it be the making provision beforehand, of which Marillac has several times written. There is nothing more to write, except that two gentlemen of this Court are sent as ambassadors (fn. 15) to the King of Scotland, and departed eight or ten days ago in all haste. French. Modern transcript, pp. 4. Headed : Londres, 20 May 1542.