Henry VIII: April 1537, 21-25 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 12 Part 1, January-May 1537. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1890.

Citation:

'Henry VIII: April 1537, 21-25', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 12 Part 1, January-May 1537, ed. James Gairdner( London, 1890), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol12/no1/pp447-477 [accessed 16 November 2024].

April 1537, 21–25



21 April. R. O.	990. DANGEROUS CONVERSATIONS.
	Depositions before Sir Thos. Nevell, justice of the peace, 21 April, 28 Hen. VIII., touching words spoken by a priest named Jas. Fredewell.
	i. Adam Lewes, schoolmaster of Westmallyn, Kent, was playing at the tables with the accused in the house of Ric. Hasyll when he asked one, who was going to London, to buy a book for him. On Lewes inquiring if he would buy the New Testament he said he had liever all the New Testaments in England were burned. Replied "What ! will ye burn the Gospel of Christ and the Word of God?" "Tush, quoth he, I will buy me a portesse to say my service on, as I was wont to do." After the game they came to John Domeryght's shop, where lay certain Acts concerning apparel, artillery and unlawful games. Said he hoped they would be better enforced after the King had disposed of other matters in hand. "Yea," said the priest, "the King is like to have more to do yet." "Why so?" said John Domeryght, "his Grace hath overcome his enemies of the North, for they hang at their own doors." "What then?" said the priest, "there is another bird a breeding that came not forth yet which will come forth before Midsummer, that the King had never such since he was king of England." Being asked for an explanation, he said that the Emperor had given the King Flanders; but if he took part with the Emperor he should have the French king and the king of Scots in his neck, the latter having been made, by Francis, admiral of the Sea. Deponent said they could do us little harm, but if we were to go beyond sea it would be well to cut off many priests' heads first for they would betray the King in his absence. The priest said it would be sooner said than done. Signed by deponent, in whose handwriting the whole deposition is written.
	ii. John Doomeright confirms the above particulars, and adds that after Lewes left there came one Sir Cuthbert, a priest, who took the New Testament in hand and said he was an evil man (i.e., Tyndale) that did translate it, otherwise the Emperor would not have burned him. Deponent asked if no good man had been put to death by the bp. of Rome. "Yes," said Sir James, "there were some put to death within this two year that was as good livers and as faithful as be now alive." This the other contested and they departed talking about priests having wives. Signed by deponent.
	Pp. 3. Endd.
21 April. R. O.	991. NORFOLK to CROMWELL.
	Thanks him for his favour shown to him in his absence, as reported by his servant Mondy. The Scots of Lyddesdale entered Tynedale on Sunday last, spoiled the inhabitants in the day time and killed three. They numbered 200 foot and horsemen, as he is informed by Sir Reynold Carnaby's letter. Sends copy of his letter for redress, addressed to Lord Maxwell. Has caused indentures to be taken of the goods of Lord Darcy and Sir Robert Constable (encloses a letter found by Uvedale in one of Sir Robert's houses, which the abp. of York sent him). Has done the like with Sir John Bulmer's goods, which are of little value. If Aske is to suffer, enquiry should be made what is become of his money; for he received no small sums in these countries of abbots, priors and others during the insurrection. Sheriffhutton, 21 April. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
21 April. R. O.	992. NORFOLK to CROMWELL.
	Desires his favour to Roger Myddelwode, the bearer, who was in company with Gregory Conyers in pursuit of Bigod, and whom he afterwards sent to Kirkby Stephen for the apprehension of the traitors, Musgrave and Tibbe, that kept the steeple there, and was spoiled of all he had upon him. Also at the assault of Carlisle he was the first man that issued out of the town and slew one with his own hands. "And where 3l. of money was taken from him I have given him the same again out of mine own purse." Sheriff Hutton, 21 April. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
21 April. R. O.	993. HENRY EARL OF CUMBERLAND to the COUNCIL.
	Is informed by the duke of Norfolk that the King wishes him to victual the city and castle of Carlisle. Desires the Council to take order therein, for the countries are so ruined by the late commotions that it is hard to make any provision for victuals. The castle and city could not withstand any power unless defended by a strong force, and ordnance, powder and artillery are required. Sir Chr. Moresby (sic) can inform your Lordships, who has been here for the viewing thereof. Skipton, 21 April. Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.
21 April. Calig. B. I. 324. B. M.	994. THE WEST BORDERS.
	"The copy of a letter sent to the Lord Maxwell" [by Lowther] The borderers of the West March of Scotland have ridden divers times in open-day foray to Carlisle Moir and Roclyff Field, and on Friday last came in three boats and took certain sheep from Wyrkynton. Desires him to appoint a day of truce for redress. Carlisle, 21 April.
	P. 1.
21 April. R. O.	995. JOHN HUSEE to LADY LISLE.
	I have received your sundry letters. It is not true, as Raynsford told you, that there were two of Lincoln's Inn dead of the plague. It was an ill prophecy. One took ill on Sunday last, and they of Lincoln's Inn told me plainly it was but an ague; but for surety I had Mr. Basset away immediately. It is now known to be the plague he lies sick of. Mr. Basset shall remain about London in good air till I hear from you. He ought to have his horse with all speed, and he must have a new coat this summer, and his man another and a jerkin. He also requires a red cloak. There is 4l. due to Mr. Skerne. and he should have at least 4l. more for this summer. Please write to the prior of Southwik for him, and to Father Seller, for he intends to remain there this summer. The succad, marmalade, and cinnamon with comfits will be sent by the first ship. The bearer, Edw. Skarlet, has asked my lady of Sussex for a letter to you in his behalf. He is minded to put away his room and wants a better, being burdened with children. London, 21 April.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.
21 April. Add. MS. 8,715, f. 361. B. M.	996. FAENZA to AMBROGIO.
	Mons. de Verona and the Nuncio are both writing at length of occurences. The suspicions of the French have been aroused that the Pope is about to break the neutrality by aiding the Emperor and procuring marriages. Cannot discover the authors, but suspects that they have also attacked himself (Faenza). They will, however, not obtain all they expect, because this prince is too good and the Grand Master is too well known to be inclined to goodness, and moreover the virtue of his Holiness is so plain to all the world. Brian, the new English ambassador, who being a favourite of that King never comes here for anything [not?] very important, came to make a last effort to get the Legate into his hands and bring him into England, into the catalogue of the other martyrs. Not having succeeded, he is very desperate, and as discontent as possible with the French, and brags, saying that if he found him (the Legate) in the midst of France he would kill him with his own hand, and similar big words. This shows clearly the mind of that King, and how necessary it is that the Legate should take care of his life, having to deal with fools and wretches, and that they fear [him] more, as I gather from him (the Legate), than anything else from Rome. I have consigned to Verona those originals of the censures, and the copies which remained with me, that he may make use of them there, although I believe (as I have before written that the abbot of Scotland told me) we shall not be long in having answer that they have been published [in] England. By one of the Portuguese ambassadors, who left Spain 17 days ago, I learn that the Emperor had already sent two gentlemen to England and was making every effort for a union with that King; but if the censures are published the Emperor should refrain from allying himself with that King, and the French will have less fear of him (Henry).
	Italian, modern copy, pp. 3. Headed: D'Amiens, li 21 Aprile.
21 April. R. O. St. P. VII. 681.	997. HUTTON to HENRY VIII.
	Received on Wednesday the King's letter of the 15th, and, being at once admitted to an interview, delivered it to the Regent in presence of the card. of Liege, bp. of Palermo, and others (named). She said she had no knowledge that he (Pole) intended to come to these parts, but would discuss the matter with her council and give him an answer next morning. Next morning she told him she had information of Pole's arrival at Cambray, but not of his further movements, nor whether he had any legation to her from the Pope; but if he had she could not avoid hearing him. She said, if he came it must be owing to Francis, to perplex her; but if he declared anything that concerned the King she would let him know. Reminded her of her obligations under the treaty, which she promised to observe. After leaving her, despatched Guisnes pursuivant to Cambray for information. They expect daily here 10,000 Almains and mean to give the French king battle. They were in great doubt of the landgrave of Hesse, as 2,000 men went from his country through Lorraine to serve Francis, but it was without his consent. Brussels, 21 April.
	Hol. Sealed. Add. Endd.
22 April. R. O.	998. RICHARD POLLARD to MR. HALL of Huntingdon.
	Is informed by substantial persons of Lincolnshire that the sea dikes, banks, or walls of Kyrkstedde and Barlings are in such decay that the King is likely to sustain great damages and much of. the country there to be "surroundred." The King commands him on sight of this to proceed to the immediate repair of the said dikes. London, 22 April.
	"Sir, I pray you amongst all other things to remember the melting of the leads of Berlyngs and Kyrstede." Signed.
	P. 1. Add. Endd.. Reparacion of Wyldemore sea dikes.
22 April. R. O.	999. MARGARET VERNON to CROMWELL.
	In favour of Mr. Chutts, understeward of her house, for the bailliwick of Rey, "the which office hath Mr. Thynne clerk controller." Chutts has promised she shall do her pleasure with his office in Malling. Malling, St. George's Eve.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
22 April. R. O.	1000. SIR THOS. DENYS to CROMWELL.
	Has committed Ric. Worthe, clerk, and John Jope his servant, an alien born in Zeland, to ward for reporting news and false rumours, in accordance with the King's letters. Jope said that an honest man of Tiverton showed him that there would be musters for men there on 9 April last, which is not true; that he was told at Exeter that the earl of Shrewsbury was taken by the Northern men; that many men about Porlock, Soms., had gone to the King to fight against the Northern men. Worthe says he told these matters to James Courtenay, esq. 22 April.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
22 April. R. O.	1001. SIR WILL GODOLGHAN to CROMWELL.
	A friend of mine, a painter, informs me that he was desired by one Carpyssacke, dwelling in St. Keveran, to make a banner for the said parish, in which they would have "the picture of Christ with his wounds abroad and a banner in his hand, Our Lady in the one side holding her breast in her hand, St. John à Baptist in the other side, the King's grace and the Queen kneeling, and all the commonalty kneeling, with scripture above their heads, making their petition to the picture of Christ that it would please the King's grace that they might have their holidays," as the bearer can declare. St. Kevern is a very large parish, where they first stirred the Cornishmen to rise when they came to Blackheath: (fn. 1) the blacksmith (fn. 2) dwelled there. I forbear the taking and examination of the said person as there are no witnesses but the painter and his wife. Carpyssacke also said he and John Treglosacke had been at Hamell beside Southampton selling their fish, and two men asked them why they rose not when the Northern men did; on which they swore upon a book to help them and had bought 200 jerkins; that they would carry the banner on Pardon Monday and show it among the people. Has made secret inquiry about this proposed stirring and will take care to stop it, for the country is in a marvellous good quiet. Begs Cromwell to move the King that they might hold the day of the head saint of their church and the country would pray for him. Gotholghan, 22 April.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
22 April. R. O.	1002. JOHN HUSEE to LADY LISLE.
	I send by the bearer, Henry Vernham, three chargers weighing 26 lbs. at 4½d. the lb., and two dozen torches weighing 76 lbs. at 7d.; also, packed in a fraille, two little barrels of suckat, weighing 18 lbs., the one of flowers of oranges, the other of fine succado, at 9d. the lb. Two boxes marmalade, weighing 15 lbs., at 9d., which is fine, for the coarser quality is at 6d., and is nothing worth. Also cinnamon, large, 2 lbs. at 6s. 8d. One box of comfits, weighing 8 lbs. at 8d. Two boxes biscuits and carreways, weighing 2 lbs., at 8d. The grocer's bill and reckonings I will send you by Petley, who I think will arrive before this letter. Prays God to make her a joyful mother. London, 22 April.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.
R. O.	1003. PORT OF SOUTHAMPTON.
	Classified account of the King's customs and subsidy in the port of Southampton for the years 26, 27, and 28 Hen. VIII. Each year is divided under two heads, Denizens and Aliens, each of which is again subdivided into exports and imports. The exports are—various, cloth "sine grane," worsted, tin, "vas. electr." and leather. The imports are various and wine (sweet, not sweet and malmesey). The amount and value of each, with the custom and subsidy and (in the case of wine) tunnage derived therefrom, are given.
	Anno 26 rr. Hen. VIII.—Amount of custom and subsidy:—(1) Denizens [exports], 315l. 11s. 8d.; imports, 379l. 4s. 8d. (2) Aliens, exports, 2,056l 18s. 7½d.; imports, 326l. 13s. 11d. Total, "ultra cust. et subs. lan. merc. venic. et Thome Cheyney militis," 3,078l. 8s. 10½d.
	27 Henry VIII. (1) Denizeus, exports, 199l. 10s. 2¼d.; imports, 320l. 10s. 2½d. (2) Aliens, exports, 270l. 12s. 0¼d.; imports, 136l. 12s. 2½d. Total, exclusive of wool of Venetian (?) merchants, 927l. 5s. 2½d.
	28 Henry VIII. (1) Denizens, exports, 241l. 19s. 2½d.; imports, 321l. 4s. 6¾d. (2) Aliens, exports, 334l. 10s. 5d.; imports, 217l. 16s. 1½d. Total, exclusive of wool of foreign merchants, 1,115l. 10s. 3¾d.
	Total for the three years, exclusive of certain wool shipped to foreign parts, 5,121l. 4s. 4¾d.
	Long roll of paper, consisting of three broadsheets written on one side only.
R. O.	1004. SPANBY.
	Rental of Spanby [Lincolnshire], 28 Hen. VIII.
	The tenants' names are Robt. Tebot, Wm. Medilton, John Bland, Thos. Talour, the vicar of Osbournby, Ric. Foster, Wm. Warde of Morton, Robt. Barwell, Edw. Hyll, Sir Thos. Gyb, parson of Wyllughby, Thos. Dew, Edw. Hyll, Ant. Robertson, Wm. Pelle, and John Watson. Total, 18l. 20d. Expenses for scouring the common sewer, making stacks, &c., 47s. 5d. To Sir Ric. Warde, priest, 4l. 12s. 7d. Certain sums are in the hands of the lord and of the tenants.
	Pp. 2.
22 April. R. O.	1005. FRENCH NEWS.
	The French king and queen are at Parence (Pernes), near Lilers. Du Beis and the vanguard are at Lilers, near Aire. The rearguard is in a village behind them, beside Aire. They have summoned Airye, and the town has replied that they shall have an answer by Monday, 23 April. (fn. 3) Four Burgundian captains of Almains have come to the French King with an offer of 12,000 Almains if he will pay them. Yesterday the adventurers took the castle of Harvelles, two English miles from Airie. They took all the cattle in the country and the substantial men. 22 April, 28 (fn. 4) Hen. VIII.
	P. 1.
22 April. Add. MS. 8,715 f. 362. B. M.	1006. FAENZA to AMBROGIO.
	To-day yours of the 14th ult. arrived by way of Venice along with the brief to the abbot of Scotland, which shall be sent to Rouen, where his King still is; and to Cambray I will send those to the Legate and Mons. di Verona. Reports of what the queen of Navarre, who leaves to-morrow for Gascony, said about Verona's negociation with Francis, her suspicions of the Emperor, and her real desire to promote peace, &c.
	Italian. Modern copy pp. 4. Headed: D'Amiens li 22 Aprile 1537.
22 April. Royal MS. 18B. VI. 56. b. B. M.	1007. _ to JAMES V.]
	(The commencement is faded and illegible.) I think the affairs of your Majesty will receive no hindrance from the Court (?) of Rome ("a Romana Cu ..."). Ferrariæ, 22 Aprilis 1537.
	Copy Latin. Half page. Much faded.
23 April. Anstis' Order of the Garter, II. 402.	1008. THE GARTER.
	Chapter of the Order of the Garter held 23 April, 29 Hen. VIII., being the feast of St. George; present with the King at Greenwich the marquis of Exeter, the earls of Essex, Wiltshire, Sussex, Rutland, and Oxford, and Sir Wm. Fitzwilliam, Lord Admiral, and Sir Nich. Caroo. It was resolved at next vespers to take the votes of the knights to fill one of the stalls then vacant. Votes were as follows:—
	Sir Nich. Carew:—Princes, the earls of Cumberland, Huntingdon, and Worcester; barons, lords Beauchamp, Cromwell, and Delaware; knights, Sir John Russell, Sir Thos. Cheyney, and Sir Ant. Browne.
	The Lord Admiral:—Princes and barons the same; knights, Browne, Sir Wm. Pawlet, and Russell.
	Earl of Oxford:—Princes and barons the same; knights, Russell, Paulet, and Cheyny.
	Earl of Rutland:—Princes and barons the same; knights, Browne, Sir Wm. Kyngston, and Cheyny.
	Earl of Sussex:—Princes, earls of Cumberland, Derby, and Huntingdon; barons, as before; knights, Cheyny, Russell, and Paulet.
	Earl of Wiltshire:—Princes, Cumberland, Huntingdon, and Worcester; barons, as before: knights, Cheyny, Paulet, and Kingston.
	Earl of Essex:—Princes and barons the same; knights, Browne, Russell, and Cheyny.
	Marquis of Exeter:—Princes and barons the same; knights, Browne, Paulet, and Russell.
	This list was presented to the Sovereign, who kept it until the morrow, when he announced that he thought fit to choose the earl of Cumberland on account of his many glorious and loyal deeds, especially lately on the outbreak of rebellion in the parts where he lived. To this all gave a joyful assent, and letters were written to the earl to be ready to take his seat at Windsor on the 13 May following.
	It was then resolved that the annual feast should be held 13 May with the marquis of Exeter as the Sovereign's deputy, having for colleagues the earl of Rutland, the Lord Admiral, and Sir Nich. Carew, with the earl of Cumberland who was then to be installed.
23 April. R. O.	1009. WRIOTHESLEY to CROMWELL.
	On arriving here this ... yng, met Fraunces the courier with letters from Mr. Hutton, who had been to the Court to seek Cromwell and had met my lord of Herforde and others. Called him apart before he went to the King, and opened Cromwell's letters. Finding a copy of those directed to the King and liking not the matter, thought it best to stay in the deliverance of them, but as the post's coming was talked about in the Council, told the Lord Admiral that the news were not pleasant, and he would defer the presenting of them till Cromwell came and had spoken with the Imperial Ambassador, to hear what he will say, that the sweet and sour might come together. Sends the bearer with all the letters. Has been with the King and showed him the letters to my lord of Winchester, but he is not resolved of the tenor of them. Greenwich, St. George's day.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
23 April. R. O.	1010. ROBT. ABBOT OF WALTHAM to CROMWELL.
	According to his promise, sends the abbot's letter, which he wishes to have returned. Asks that the two persons, who rehearsed the same danger to him as the abbot's friends did towards him, may never be called by his means. London, Monday, St. George's day.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.: the abbot of Waltham and the abbot of St. Osythes.
R. O.	1011. THE NORTHERN REBELLION.
	Deposition of ... touching the Northern rebellion, stating that he had the advowson of Wiclif and, the patron being in trouble, made suit to "your good Lordship" [Cromwell] that he might take the benefice in his own name. Having obtained his Lordship's letters, he set out for the North five days after Lammas. Was compelled, by a dispute with Anthony Brokenbury touching his right, to remain in the North till after Michaelmas, and on the outbreak of the insurrection in Lincolnshire the passages were stopped. It was said in Richmondshire that Drs. Layton and Lee would come down visiting and would pull down all chapels dependant and many parish churches, leaving but one in every ten miles, and take away all silver chalices, leaving tin ones in their places. It was said they were come to Topplyf, where one Mr. Tankard, learned in the laws, appointed a meeting in the parish church about certain matters in variance amongst the townsmen. * * * When I was almost at York I met Dr. Dawkyns and one ... orpe of Mydylham, who informed me that the rebels would be at York that same night. * * Mentions Sir Rob. Constable. * * I returned back to Richmondshire * * they made one Ninian Staveley their headsman and came to Coveram Abbey * * and took Sir Chr. Danby * * * Mr. Richard Bowes and my eldest brother * * mother at a village called Yap ... * * be set on every church door * * * to the common wealth. Made secret arrangements to go to the seaside and take ship. Went first to Gysbur[gh], thence to my sister's, and so to an uncle dwelling by the seaside who would gladly have escaped by ship along with him, as he was one of the King's surveyors of the abbeys. Sent into the Bpric. to know if he could pass to Newcastle but was forced to return to Gisburgh abbey, whither his uncle went with him. A man then came from Stookysley with a letter to Gisburgh which he wished the baily to proclaim at the cross; but the prior, having asked counsel of my uncle William and me, we told him it was plain treason, and the bailly refused. The commons, however, took the letter from the bailly and got the messenger to proclaim it himself. My uncle then, seeing no remedy, departed "to his ... gone to my mother's, I went from the prior of G[isburgh] ... make me ready and take my [hor]se towards ... a manner ready to ... sister's house I * * * and said (?) I should know ... them to be contented and ... them, or else that I should die" The bailly interfered to protect the writer, saying he was a gentleman, and he escaped, but was overtaken and carried half way to Gisborough, when they said they would take his uncle William Rokeby (?), and Sir John Bulmer. When they came to his uncle William's house the writer had no weapons or harness, but only a jacket and a cloak with sleeves. His uncle, as they threatened to burn his house, consented to go with them. They then came to Sir John Bulmer at a place called Wilton and, by threatening to fire the gates, forced an entrance into the house, searched it throughout and compelled the servants to take appointment with them.—Further details of the attack difficult to follow from mutilation and illegibility of the MS.
	They told the writer he was a lollard and a puller down of abbeys, and that he should go with them in spite of his teeth. On asking one of them what was [their object] he said "it was cried that they would have all the governance of the re[alm] in like estate as it was in the latter end of king Henry the Seventh's days. [And I we]nt into my mother's again, where I did tarry and never stirred forth unto Se[int Mar]tyn day. In the meanwhile the Commons had been at Doncaster, where it was bruited that Sir Ralph Ellerker knight, and Mr. Robert Bowes esq. should go to the King's Highness to know further of his pleasure. And then I departed from thence to my brother's; at the which time there was a meeting at York for the receiving of the King's most honorable letters; at the which meeting it was concluded that a certain of the commons should await upon the duke of Norfolk at Doncaster for a final conclusion and end to be had in these businesses. At the which meeting at York among other it was appointed that of every part of the country certain learned men should be with the bishop of York at Pomfret for determination of certain articles concerning the laws of God and the laws of the Church. I being at my brother's, there came unto me Sir William Trestrem, priest, and another yeoman man, certifying me that the commons of Richmondshire had appointed Dr. Dawkyn and me for Richmondshire, willing me to go thither in exchewyng the danger that might [f]aule (?) thereupon. The next day after I rode to Dr. Dawkyns to common with him, where ... I went to Mr. Robert Bowes to know what was best to be done. [And he shew]yd us that my lord of York spoke unto him that he was intend[ing] ... the commons plainly, and that he would be glad to have of ... men [which]e could take his words according ... Bowes counselled us to be * * *
	On the next page, after nine lines unintellible from mutilation, occurs the following passage, in part of which it is not safe even to supply punctuation:—"cloke at after none the bishopp o[f Yo]rke ... to ... doctor and ... to [sp]eke [with] hym in his cambre as sone [as] he dyd see us ... hands askyng us what we dyd y^r we shewit hym y[^t] . nere (?) com ... comonz and y^t Mr. Bowes shewit us and his lordshipp desir[ed] to have of every ... contrey some lerned men to met hym y^r he denyit yt sayng to us a ... were we be congregatt ab omni vento than he shewi[t]us y[^t] ... delyverit certen articlez for (?) to be examyned what the trewgh was in them ... copy of hym and he bad us goo to Doctor Bransby and we shuld have them [of] hym. Doctor Dawkyns took the copye upon them and I borrowed the copye of hym. On the Sonday after my lord of Yorke prechit in the pariche churche at Pomfrett; at wiche sermon I was present and herde, as I culde perceve, he precheit of the boke of articles concludit at the last Parlement an Convocacon ... them y^t in the said [b]ooke the [m]atterz were sufficiently (?) determyned concernyng the Faith. Moreover he said the sword [wa]s yevyn [unto] none but to a pryn[ce] and y^t no man myght draw out [y]s sword but a pry[nce; a]t the wiche sayng the comon[z] were sore agrevyd. Upon the Monday in the morning there met in a certen howse in the ... of Pomfrett Doctor Marciall and an abbot, a White monke, and as I suppose he was ... stall, doctor Clef, the [chan]celer to [the] arb[ishopp of Yo]rke, Doctor Sherw[od] of Beverley, doctor ... a nother doctor whose name I do n ... [chap]leyne to the arbishopp of Yorke, archedeackyn of Cleveland doctor Brans[by] ... a blake freer doctor Marmaduk, doctor Palmes and nother d ... nott knowe, a Whitt monke whose name I do not ... and I, when we were al gagred (sic) to ... in one ... the articles Dector Bra[nsby] ... he or I cast them." * * *
	On the last page appears to be an account of the disputation at the meeting, bearing on the controversy touching the primacy of St. Peter.
	Badly mutilated and in many parts illegible, pp. 8.
23 April. R. O.	1012. THE NORTHERN REBELLION.
	Examination taken 23 April, St. George's day, 29 Henry VIII., by Mr. Thomas Bedyll.
	Nynian Staveley, 34, late of the parish of Massam in Richmondshire, answers that two monks of Gerveys, Roger Hartylpoole, jun., now fled into Scotland, and John Staynton, lately executed, urged him and Edward Mydleton of Massam, likewise fled into Scotland, from Xmas. last till Candlemas, to gather a company to destroy the duke of Norfolk, so that their abbey might stand, and Holy Church be as it was in Henry VII.'s days; for if Norfolk came into the country their abbey would be put down and they would go a-begging. On Sunday after Candlemas day they consented, and, with the monks, made bills to set on all church doors of Richmondshire calling all from 16 to 60 to appear at Mydlam Moor in harness on Tuesday next. Asked the abbot of Gerveys for money, and he referred them to the quondam abbot of Fountains, sojourner there, who gave them two angels. On Monday Staveley and Middleton had a disagreement with Thos. Lobley and Laurence Servaunt of Massam; the two former would have the muster at Mydlam Moor, and the latter at Richmond, as it was on Wednesday. Staveley and Middleton would have gone no further, but that night at midnight the said two monks came in harness each with a battleaxe in hand to the house of Nynyan Staveley, and forced him to rise out of bed, crying that unless he would go forward both he and they should be destroyed. Staveley on this sent his servant to Middleton. "And the said Stavely and Midleton with their neighbours and friends, to the number [of] ten, came to thabbey of Gervice about noon the Tuesday and bade th[abbo]t and all his monks come forth with them. And thabbat said and desired them to be contented to leave his brethren at home, and to take his servants with them, and said further that he and all his breth[ren] wol come unto them the next day. And then he g[ave th]e company such meat and drink as he had, th[e ab]bot quondam of Fountains being there present with him" The said quondam of Fountains (fn. 5) had previously offered Staveley and Midleton, in case of any new insurrection, 20 nobles to restore him to Fountains, saying he was unjustly put out by the visitors. Then the company, with the abbot's servants and some of his tenants of Witton went to Midlam Mo[re] for two or three hours, and thus dispersed, "hearkening" what the other company would do at Richmond next day. On that day the said Lobley, Servant, and one Hutten held muster at Richmond and concluded to write to all bailiffs and constables of Richmondshire, the Bpric., Cleveland, Westmoreland, and the country round to send two of each parish to meet at Richmond on Monday after Candlemas day to settle how to meet the duke of Norfolk. But this meeting came to no conclusion because the gentlemen had gone to meet the duke. Staveley says that if the said two monks had not called so busily on them they had made no insurrection; and that the abbot of Gervice and quondam of Fountains (fn. 6) bade him, Midleton, Lobley, and Serva[nt], after Twelfth Day, to send and move Sir Thomas Percy* to come forward with a company. Sir Thomas Percy wrote down the names of them four, and told their messenger he would send for them when he came to the country. Item, Staveley says the abbot of Gervice told them he would send his servant Simon Jacson into Lincolnshire, on pretence of gathering rents, to lie about Newark till the Duke's coming down, and then bring report how the duke was accompanied. Jacson brought word that the Lincolnshire men were busily hanged, and their charter stood them in no stead, and that the Duke would deal similarly with those of the North; this was the chief cause of the insurrection. Item, Staveley says, if lord Lati[mer] had not removed from Snap in Richmondshire a[fter Chris]tmas, and Sir Christopher [Danby] in like case, there would have been no insurrection. Item, also the inhabitants were so discontent with the departure of the said lord Latimer and Sir Chr. Danby that they would have spoiled their houses. This is the full confession of Staveley and is all true, by the death he shall die which he expects, and knows he deserves. Signed Nenean Stavely.
	Pp. 5. Mutilated. Two portions of the document were found apart. Endd.: Confession of Ninian Stavely concerning the new insurrection by the monks of Gerves. On the back has been entered and afterwards crossed out 12 lines of the commencement.
R. O.	2. Attested copy of the preceding with the notarial mark of John Ap Rice at the end. With memoranda in the margin in Richard Pollard's hand.
	Very mutilated, pp. 6.
R. O.	3. A summary of Staveley's confession.
	It appears by the confession of Ninian Staveley that the quondam of Fountains took to the traitors in the last insurrection 2 angel nobles and promised them more when that was done. Also that 2 monks of Jervers sent Staveley and Middleton, who were arrant traitors, to their abbot, who sent them to the said quondam who took them the two nobles: whereby it appears he was an aider of those traitors. Also that Staveley and Middleton, with 10 more, desired aid of the abbot of Jervers, who asked them to take his servants and promised to come to them next day with his brethren: whereby &c. Also that the said abbot and quondam caused the traitors to send to Sir Thomas Percy to come forward and he answered he would send for them when he came into the country: "and so concealed the said treason." Also that the abbot sent into Lincolnshire, to spy the coming of the duke of Norfolk, a messenger, who brought word that there they "did hang busily," and the bruit was that the Duke would do the same in the North.
	Pp. 2, in Richard Pollard's hand. Endd. by Pollard: Thomas Richard—The lord Hussey—Car—The bailey of Ryskynton called Folyot—for the confession of Hudswell, Cutteler. With Pollard's signature below. Endd. also in another place: lord Hussey and Cokkerell abbot quondam.
R. O.	4. A summary of confessions about Hussey, Aske, and Bigott.
	i. Effect of the confession of Robert Carre.
	Lord Clynton wrote to lord Hussey of the insurrection on Monday after Michaelmas at midnight and, on Wednesday, Hussey sent John Welsheman into Slyfford to know what they would do: whereby appears negligence in lord Hussey. Item, the commons of Slyfford came to lord Hussey on Thursday, offering to live and die with him, and he called them busy knaves and said he would do as he liked: "whereby it appeareth he favoured the traitors." Item, lady Hussey gave a cart of victual to the host, by command, as is to be supposed, of her husband. Item, the bailey of Ryskynton offered to follow him and he pinched his (the bailey's) little finger and bade him come when sent for by that token. "Item, also he said he will take the better part."
	ii. Confession of Thomas Rychard, showing that Hussey intended his "traitors purpose iij years past."
	iii. Confession of George Hudswell showing that one Cutteler declared to the commons that lord Hussey was at their command.
	iv. Confession of Pykeryng. Accuses the abp. of York, Aske, and others concerning the Articles.
	v. Confession of Cokerell. That Bygot sent him a copy of his writing "that the King was not supreme head of the Church." Md. he concealed the same.
	In Ric. Pollard's hand, pp. 2, faded.
23 April. R. O.	1013. PERCIVAL CRESWELL.
	Examination taken at Stepney, 23 April 28 (29) Hen. VIII.
	Percival Cressewell, servant to lord Hussey, says, that, between the first meeting at Doncaster and the last, he was commanded by my lord of Norfolk to make ready to go Northwards, for he should be sent to Lord Darcy with Robert Bowes and Sir Ralph Ellerker's servants. Next day Lord Hussey commanded him to write in his name to Lord Darcy and show the letter to the Council. Which he did, and brought it again to Lord Hussey to sign. After it was signed he took it to my lords of Norfolk and Herford, who bade him seal it up, and gave him also another letter of my lord of Norfolk sealed and directed to Darcy, commanding him to go to Darcy and deliver them both, telling him by mouth that as the King trusted him, and as he would declare himself a true man, Robert Aske should be delivered to this examinate quick or dead in some place within the King's subjection, and if possible alive. They bade him ride in post and he should overtake Sir Ralph Ellerker and Robert Bowes' servants, dispatched, as they said, the morning before, and that he should not enter among the rebels without them, or without a safeconduct from the rebels to come in and do his message. And so this examinate overrode Mr. Ellerker's and Mr. Bowes' servants and was before them at Doncaster, where he sent one to my Lord Darcy to show him that he had a message to him from the King and Norfolk, desiring that he would send him a safeconduct by one that this examinate knew and he would come to him. Also that there were two servants of Sir Ralph Ellerker and Mr. Bowes coming or else past with further of the King's pleasure unto them. And while waiting for the safeconduct at Doncaster, Ellerker and Bowes' servants came and this examinate went forward with them. About seven miles forth of Doncaster this examinate met with one of my Lord Darcy's servants sent to conduct him to Lord Darcy, to whom he came on Friday at Templehurst a little before dinner. Word being sent that he was come, he was brought into the garden, where Lord Darcy was, with about half a dozen of the commons and his servants with him. After salutations this examinate said openly that he trusted all should be well; and secretly told him that he had a certain message to him from the King and Norfolk. Thereupon be went towards his chamber, and by the way this examinate privily conveyed the letters into his hands, which he took with him to his chamber, leaving this examinate in an outward chamber, and some of the commons and his servants about him, who asked him how all things were above, and whether my lord Privy Seal, whom they called then most vilipendiously, and other such ill counsellors, were put from the King's council. This examinate said he saw him not two days before he came forth. And they asked who were of the Council. He said he saw my lords of Norfolk, Oxford, and Sussex, my lord Admiral, Mr. Comptroller, and Mr. Kingston of the Council about the King. Then said they "God save the King and them all! for as long as such noblemen of the true noble blood may reign or rule about the King all should be well"; and said, because this examinate was noted an honest man he should enter no treason towards them, and that he should not make them believe that my lord Privy Seal was put from the Council if it were not so. This examinate said always he saw him not a good while before he came forth. Then said they "Whatsoever answer ye shall have of yonder men," meaning Darcy and others who were with him in an inner chamber, "if ye speak with the King's highness ye shall show him, or else ye shall show my lord's Grace your master, and other the foresaid true noble men of the Council that if the King's Grace do not send and grant unto us our petitions, which we sent unto his Highness by the Duke's Grace your master, whatsoever letter, bill, or pardon shall be sent else unto us we will not accept ne receive the same, but send it to his Highness again." This examinate said, such a message was meet neither for the King's true subjects to send nor for him to report to his Highness. They said again, "If ye be a true man ye will report the same, for that thing that moves us to this is the faith we bear unto God, to the King's person, and all his true noble blood and the common wealth." Was then sent for to my lord Darcy's chamber where my lord desired the gentlemen with him, about half a dozen whose names he cannot tell, to give him leave to talk a word or two with his old friend. They desired to hear the conversation. Darcy said they should know all anon. He then said to this examinate, " I have seen the contents of these letters. Now what is your credence?" Replied that it was of the same effect as the letters; that as he would declare himself towards the King the man he was taken to be, he should get Aske sent to him; which would cause his Highness not only to forget all former displeasures, but to "do for his high contentation." He said, "I cannot do it in no wise, for I have made promise to the contrary, and my coat hitherto was never stained with any such blot. And my lord's Grace your master knoweth well enough what a nobleman's promise is, and therefore I think that this thing cometh not of his Grace's device, nor of none other nobleman's, and if I might have two dukedoms for my labour I would not consent to have such a spot in my coat." Then the conversation broke off and they went to dinner. Thither came soon after Robert Aske, the captain, to whom Darcy declared that examinate and a servant of Sir Ralph Ellerker's were sent from the King and duke of Norfolk "to show how they were informed that we have here contrary and since th'appoyntment late taken at Doncaster made invasions and persuasions within these parts; wherefore the said Sir Ralph Ellerker and Robert Bowes are stayed above until this examinate do return with perfect word of the truth of the premises from us, according as ye shall perceive by the letters that are now comen from them above." Then Aske denied that, and said he did not doubt to prove there had been neither invasion nor persuasion contrary to their promise. After dinner they went to council and examinate was brought to his lodging. On the morrow, after mass in the chapel, lord Darcy called this examinate and begged him, in presence of certain gentlemen whom he knew not, to show the King, "if he spake with his person," or else the duke of Norfolk, that if ever he served the King or his father truly he did so at this time, and that if he and his company in Pomfret Castle, or the other gentlemen, had been in the King's privy chamber, they could not have done his Highness better service in quieting the people. Darcy desired examinate also to certify the King how there had been in the castle of Pomfret neither ordnance, powder, nor artillery to defend it, how he had oft written to the King and had no answer to the purpose, and how he had tried all the persuasions and other means in his power to defend the castle from the commons, as the archbishop of York and Mr. Magnus could testify. Further, Lord Darcy privately, either on the said Friday or the Saturday, desired examinate to ask the King to be content if he and others spake somewhat largely against my lord Privy Seal "as that should please the people best." On Saturday about 6 p.m. examinate was despatched with letters from Lord Darcy, who desired to be commended to the King and duke of Norfolk and all the noblemen. Then examinate departed and brought the packet of letters to my lord of Norfolk, who brought him to the King, to whom he reported the premises. Signed: Percevall Creswell.
	As touching confederacy between Lord Darcy and Lord Hussye, he knows of no secret intelligence between them. As for Sir Robert Constable, he had never anything to do with him, and knows of no letters or messages from Lord Hussy to either of them other than the above.
	Desiring my lord's honour to be good to him and his poor wife.
	Interrogated what message Lord Hussey sent to Lord Darcy with the said letters, and what answer Lord Darcy sent back, he says Lord Hussey bade examinate have him commended to Lord Darcy, and desire him to fulfil the King's pleasure as he had written it. Darcy sent neither word not letter again, but bade examinate have him recommended to him and say he "was sorry for his trouble." And this examinate showed him again that the King was good to him "upon his declaration through my lord of Norfolk's means and my lord Privy Seal's." Brought no other message or letters Signed: Percevall Creswell.
	In Ap Rice's hand, pp. 7. Endd.
23 April. R. O.	1014. NICHOLAS TEMPEST.
	Examination of Nicholas Tempest of Craven, taken 23 April (St. George's day) 29 Hen. VIII. by Dr. Layton, Dr. Tregonwell, Dr. Legh and Dr. Peter, in the presence of [John Ap Rice].
	Touching his going to Whalley Abbey, and concerting measures for resistance to my lords of Derby and Cumberland, his co-operation with Sir Stephen Hammerton and the supplication sent from the abbot of Salley to Sir Thos. Percy.
	In Ap Rice's hand, pp. 2. Mutilated and to some extent illegible.
23 April. Calig. B III. 213. B. M.	1015. SIR THOS. WHARTON and EDWARD AGLIONBY to NORFOLK.
	On Wednesday 18 April, certain boats of Annand landed at Wyrkyngton; on which Sir Thos. Curwen attempted to surprise them; but they got to sea. In company with John Preston, he followed them; wounded or killed 34. Ships have come to Leith with wine and horses of the King of Scots. Cockermouth, 23 April. Signed.
	Add.: "To my lorde lefftenant hys grace."
23 April. R. O.	1016. WM. LORD SANDYS to LORD LISLE.
	I have received your kind letters and news with my lord Privy Seal's letter. I can make no return for your goodness. I enclose your letter of my lord Privy Seal's, with a schedule of such news as I know of the Frenchmen, brought to me by one who was yesterday in the army and who lately saw the King and Queen; yet I have heard this day that the French queen has come to Boulogne, and this morning great shot have been heard from that quarter. I send you my lord Privy Seal's letters to myself which I should like returned. Guisnes, St. George's day.
	I send also a letter directed from the Council to me. Let my lord Comptroller and Mr. Vice Treasurer see it. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Deputy of Calais.
23 April. R. O.	1017. JEHAN DES GARDINS to the DEPUTY OF CALAIS.
	I thank you for your good will to me, which I have not merited. Of the packet which I intended to deliver to your maitre d'hotel, I have delivered one part to Master Foullert and the other part, viz., six little goblets and five silver spoons, I have entrusted to the present bearer. I also send back the clothes and books of your son George, with three towels, a pair of sheets, and two "fluynnes." I have no intention of leaving St. Omer unless the danger increase. 23 April.
	Hol., Fr., p. 1. Add.
24 April R. O.	1018. THE NORTHERN REBELLION.
	"The examination of Lancelot Colyns, clerk, treasurer of York, [re]ceived by Richard [La]yton and William Petre, doctors," 24 April 29 Hen. VIII.
	At the first rumour of the insurrection in Lincolnshire, he was at his house of Alne, eight miles from York. On a Tuesday in October last he came to York for certain business concerning "fruits" between the abp. of York and the dean. That day he heard they were up in Holden shire under Robert Aske. Next day they were up [in] York itself, and the insurrection was spread by letters of a friar of Knaresborough, who said churches should be pulled down, men taxed for christening, marriage, &c., &c. That day it was said the Archbishop, Lord Darcy, Mr. Magnus, and others were fled to Pomfret castle. Thinks such flight of noblemen and gentlemen was a cause of insurrection. The Monday following Captain Aske, with 4,000 or 5,000 came to York about evensong; examinate and the whole of the Cathedral received him at the church door and brought him in procession to the high altar, where he made his oblation, after which he returned to Sir George Lawson's house, his lodging. On Tuesday or Wednesday Aske dined with deponent; and others of the company have broken their fast, dined, and supped with him: and, for fear, he made them what cheer he could. On Wednesday or Thursday Sir George Lawson sent a message that certain gentlemen threatened to burn deponent's house because he had the arms of the lord Privy Seal on his door; on which he had the tablet with the arms of the King, bishop Bambrych, and lord Privy Seal taken down. Delivered Ric. Golthropp 3l. for Captain Aske that he (deponent) might tarry at home: mentions other gifts, to that end, to Captains Donington, Cawode, and Munton, Sir Oswald Ulsthrope, and Sir Nich. Fayrfax. Describes how when he heard Blithman's house in the country was spoiled, he saved some goods from the spoil, by Rudston, of Blithman's house in York; for which Blithman has, since his coming home, thanked him. On Friday in the week before named Aske, Sir Thos. Percy, and other captains again dined with him; they talked of things of no importance, saving that they railed on the lord Privy Seal. Was surety, at the motion of Parson Franke, for 4l. worth of velvet for Sir Thomas Percy; also gave 26s. 8d. to Cawoode of Holden and some weapons to Sir Ralph Elderkar, jun. On the Friday afternoon Aske departed for Pomfret, and examinate had no more communication with him.
	Of the second insurrection, when Sir Francis Bigod stirred the commons, one Dela[ryv]er showed deponent they were up about Bransby. Sent his servant Mumfor[the] who dwelt in those parts, to stay them; and Mum[forthe] Delarever, and Chr. Fenton stayed them. Signed: per me Launcetum Colyns.
	Pp. 7. Endd.: Examination of the Treasurer of York.
24 April. R. O.	1019. THE NORTHERN REBELLION.
	Examination of William Woode, prior of Brydlington, Yorks, taken by Richard Layton and William Petre, doctors, 24 April.
	One Smothing of Beverley first showed him the commons were up in Lincolnshire and would shortly be up in Yorkshire too. Answered "God forbid !" Shortly after, the baileys of Kyllome and Naverton, captains of the rebels thereabouts, sent to him to send them his men, or "they would cut off his head at his own door." Sent 11 men, horsed, and two brethren, Wm. Bromeflete and John Lamberte. Aske sent him a writing for the assurance of his goods, and he sent Aske 20 nobles. Afterwards sent 4l. to the commons of Holderness, not to drive away his cattle there. After Norfolk had appeased the commons and before the King's pardon was declared, Sir Ralph Yevars keeping Scarborough castle for the King, Halom came to examinate and required men to besiege the castle. Gave him four horsemen. During the first insurrection Dr. Pekering, a friar, lay in the priory. Pykering used to say the insurrection was well done for the wealth of the church, and made a rhyme, to encourage the commons, beginning "O faithful people," which examinate commended. After this the abp. of York sent for Dr. Pykering to Pomfret, and deponent gave him three crowns and lent him a horse. Heard the rhyme was in every man's mouth about Bridlington and Pomfret.
	Concerning the second rebellion, a servant coming out of Blakamore showed him Sir Francis Bigod had raised the commons in Buckrose, and 300 were up. Immediately advertised Mr. Boington, that he might stay the commons. On Wednesday Mr. Boington dined with him and they concluded to help each other to stay the rebels. On that day and Thursday George Lumley, who was about five miles from Bridlington, stirring the commons sent to deponent for men. Had so stayed the commons that Lumley could get few men there, and stole privily away on the Friday. Signed by deponent.
	Further examined, he says that on a certain Wednesday after Xmas, Thomas Brigham of Bridlington, gent., and he speaking of the insurrection of Sir Francis Bigod and George Lumley, agreed to stay and have "in areadiness" as many men as they could to suppress it. He and Brigham got the promise of the inhabitants of Bridlington and other places to fight with them against Lumley and the rebels. That night Matthew Boington Esq., mentioned in the former examination, sent for men to go with him to take Bigod at Beverley. Answered that Sir Marmaduke Constable, jun., steward of his house, had counselled him to keep his men about him, because George Lumley was within four miles with 400 men, and had threatened to destroy him. Signed: "per me Will'm Woode, priorem de Bridlyngton."
	Pp. 6. With marginal notes. Worn and defaced.
R. O.	1020. THE NORTHERN REBELLION.
	Memorandum that Nicholas Tempest was a setter forth of the first musters and principal doer in the second insurrection, who procured the late abbot of Salley to raise the King's people in harness for the defence of his traitorous possession in the said abbey, "and upon the pardon the said Tempest and other traitors continued and maintained the said late abbot" against the King and gave them a fat ox and other things.
	He says that upon Saturday after St. Luke's day he came to the rebels at Craven and promised to take their part. Next day he met by appointment with them and Sir Stephen Hamerton at Manabent where it was determined that Hamerton should go to Colne, and Burneley and Tempest to Whalley in Lancashire to raise the commons. Tempest thereupon went with 400 men to Whalley and swore the abbot and his brethren.
	After the pardon:—Tempest maintained the abbot of Salley in his possession against the King. By the letter sent by the abbot to Sir Thomas Percy, it appears that Tempest and Hamerton were his maintainers, and he desired Sir Thomas to thank them therefor.
	Mutilated. P. 1.
	ii. Depositions against William Wodde prior of Bridlington as a principal procurer of the first insurrection and a great mover in the second. He put all his household servants and tenants in harness when George Lumley sent to him; and Friar Pikeryng was a principal inciter thereunto.
	The prior says that one Smothyng of Beverley showed him that the commons were up in Lincolnshire and it would not be long before they were up in [Yor]kshire. At the summons of the baileys (?) of Kyllome and Neuerton he sent eleven men to help the rebellion in Yorkshire, giving each 20s. in his purse. He sent Aske 20 mks., and 4l. to the rebels in Holderness. He sent 4 men to help in the siege of Scarborough. He and Dr. Pickering rejoiced at the insurrections. Dr. Pickering made a rhyme of treasons. He gave Dr. Pikeryng 3 crowns on his departure to York. Upon a Tuesday after Christmas a servant reported that Bigod was raising the commons in Blakamore. (Mutilated item touching George L[umley]). The prior prepared men in harness to assist the rebellious, and when Matthew Bo[ing]hton sent to him to help in the taking of Bigod, feigned that he kept men in harness for his own defence.
	Pp. 2. Mutilated and illegible.
R. O.	1021. DR. PICKERING.
	Depositions of Dr. John Pykeryng. (fn. 7)
	The doctors and learned men assembled at Pomfret were:—My lord abbot of Cristall, my lord's Chancellor, Dr. Marschell, (fn. 8) Mr. Langryge, Dr. Downs, Mr. Chancellor of Beverley, Mr. Bransby, Mr. Marmaduke Waydbye, Dr. Beverlay, Mr. Palmys, Mr. Dakyns, Mr. Rokby, Mr. Bashlare of Mewys, one Observant, and myself; "with one other secular men."
	"Apon soondone (sic) my lordyse grace in hys sermonde," after speaking of the articles, as baptism penance, sacrament, and our creed, began to speak of "a peregrynage"—pausing on the word. The common people then expected he would comfort them to go forward, but, on the appearance of Mr. Lancaster the King's herald, he began to show it was unlawful to move battle without command of our Prince. Thereupon the commons called "him up a height in the church false dissembler," and would have laid hands on him but for the lords and the captain, Mr. Aske. Signed: "per me Joh'em Pykeryng doctorem."
	Further, "the Monday before named," Mr. Aske said in the council house that if they lacked books he had one of the bp. of Rochester's making which would assist them; and that, except the bp. of Rome were head of the Church in England as heretofore, he would die in the quarrel. Aske showed us certain articles of temporal law which we did not meddle with. Signed.
	To the 4th. Says he never heard the Archbishop or any of his chaplains say anything else concerning the premises than the above. Signed.
	To the 5th. Never heard Dr. Marshall say anything concerning the premises other than the above.
	To the 6th. Has had no conversation with them other than the above.
	7. Mr. Aske and Mr. Rudston first stirred the people. Afterwards lord Darcy and Sir Robt. Constable were reported ringleaders.
	8. Heard that Aske sent letters to the far parts, such as Swadell and Wenseydell, to raise the people; but in the near parts it was done by word of mouth to the constables. Saw one of the letters set on church doors. It declared that through certain heresies the common wealth was decayed, and summoned the people to aid Aske, "chief captain These letters expressed no enterprise against the King, and were made, suppose, by Aske.
	9. Knows of no messages to the South.
	10. The townships taxed themselves for their charges.
	11. Knows of no religious men who were provokers or aiders of the insurrection, except a friar of St. Robert's of Knaresborough who resided at Beverley.
	12. Supposes the gentlemen could have stayed the first insurrection as they did the last.
	13. Knows not whether they had any banners.
	14. I never had any conversation about the supremacy since the making of the Act, except at the "said council at Pomfret." I then thought the King might not be Supreme head, but am now altered and do confess it according to my oath before my lord of Norfolk.
	15. At the beginning of the insurrection I hoped for the mutation and reformation of divers recent laws; and for no change of the King's estate, but only of his Council. Had no intelligence with any foreign "potestate concerning the said mutation." Signed.
	16 and 17 with a final deposition in which the words "Lomley," "the first arising," "have taken the said Lomley," occur. Signed "per me Johannen Pyke[ryng]." (These are on the last page, half of which has been lost.)
	Pp. 5. In Pykeryng's hand and signed by him in several places.
	ii. Memorandum crossed out on the first leaf of the preceding in the form of interrogatories touching the conduct of Marshall and the abp. of York at the convocation or consultation at Pomfret, and the reasonings used by the former touching the words quantum licet per leges Christi.
	P. 1. * The outer sheet of this document, containing the memorandum at the beginning and the last page of the depositions, was found apart from the other sheets.
R. O.	2. Interrogatories.
	"Item." What intelligence he has had with any person or persons touching the authority of the bp. of Rome, and what is his own inclination touching the said authority, and whether he thinks the King may justly without offence to God's laws, be called supreme head of the Church of England? If he has known or knows any person who has had any trust of mutation within the realm, or who has had any intelligence with any outward potestate or private person for the practise of any mutation here, or has heard any one secretly or otherwise express any desire for mutation, reformation, retractation, or abrogation of any things or laws passed by Parliament since the beginning of the King's reign, and if so, who they are and where they dwell.
	What his own opinion has been toward the authority of the King in his supremacy, and whether he would have been better pleased that the bp. of Rome's usurped power should continue than the power to be in the King as it now is? What is his opinion of the laws made during the King's reign, and whether they be just or not?
	P. 1. Endd.: Certain interrogatories. (fn. 9)
R. O.	3. Depositions of Dr. John Pickering in answer to interrogatories [proposed to him by the Council touching] a certain song or r[hyme].
	1. [Confesses] the rhyme beginning "O [faithful people]" to be his own making. 2. Made it at Byrlington when my lord of Norfolk came first up to the King's Grace upon the communication between him and the rebels, i.e. when Bowes and Ellerker went up. 3–4. Made it at the suggestion of one Halom, who brought him certain rhymes made against my lord Privy Seal, my lord Chancellor, the Chancellor of the Augmentations, and divers bishops of the new learning which rhymes had been sung abroad by minstrels. 5. A canon of Byrdlington made a copy which deponent delivered to Robt. Lutton of Scarborough. Understands that the bailiff of Byrdlington, Sir Robt. Constable's servant, had another. C. Showed it only three times, once to the prior and some of the convent, a second time at Scarborough in the presence of Lutton and one Roland Hardyng, a friar there * * * 7. "None others [but those] afore remembered praised the said rhyme" [nor gave] him any thanks for it. 8 and 9. Made the said rhyme by rhyme that the hearers might better bear it away, but not that it should be sung by minstrels. 10. Called the rebels faithful people because he then thought that they were going to amend those that were against the Faith, but now he thinks otherwise. Did not call them faithful people because they were traitors, and did not so consider them. 11. Meant certain taxes, tenths, firstfruits, and suppressions of monasteries. 12. Put in these words that it was Christ's pleasure and the salvation of the people only to encourage them in their rebellion. 13 and 14. Put in as much matter as he could invent for that purpose. 15–17. Meant by heretics the bps. of Canterbury, Worcester, and Salisbury, and by tyranny the violent setting forth of their heresies.
	A mutilated paragraph is added which seems to be an appeal for mercy.
	Pp. 3. Badly mutilated. Each page signed by the deponent.
R. O.	4. Copy of the interrogatories to which the above depositions § 3 are in answer.
	Mutilated, pp. 3.
R. O.	5. "An exhortation to the nobles and commons of the North," in verse.
	Begins:—"O Faithful people of the Boreal region," &c.
	The verses make mention of "naughty Cromwell" and the Chancellor and the heretical bishops. It is noted that Cromwell was originally a "sherman," and he is compared to Haman, persecuting the commons in the North as Haman did the Jews. The poem goes on "If this Aman were hanged then der I well say This realm then redresséd full soon should be And the bishops reformed in a new array," but until this was done offences and intolerable exactions would continue. The poem ends with a prayer for the King and his wife, Lady Jane.
	Pp. 4. Mutilated. Endd.: ... Robert Steward clerk of the same.
R. O.	1022. ARCHBISHOP LEE AND THE REBELLION.
	Declaration of "me Edward archbishop of York" of all, as far as I can remember, that has passed since the first report of the insurrection in Lincolnshire.
	Hearing of the insurrection in Lincolnshire from Dr. Clifton, subdean of York, and a servant, who had been in the Earl of Shrewsbury's house when the report came, who said the earl was ready to set forth against the rebels, the Abp. sent word to Lord Darcy; and fearing that light heads in Yorkshire might be encouraged to do likewise, wrote to Mr. Magnus and Sir George Lawson and the mayor of York to publish at York the earl's setting forth against the rebels. Wrote also to Robert Creke, an honest gentleman, at Beverley to notify Sir Ralph Ellerkar, jun.; and they two to keep an eye on Beverley where there were some light heads. Caused the same to be published at Ripon fair by Elice Markham, and wrote to Lord Latimer, as his steward there, to stay his tenants if need were. Then in 3 or 4 days he heard of the insurrection in Marshland, and then in Holden and Holdenshire, and then in Beverley, by reason of a letter from Robert Aske. Heard that the commons of Holdenshire had taken Sir Thomas Metham out of his bed to be their captain. Then came one pretending to be the King's servant, with the King's livery and letters, and reported the stirring in Beverley. Sent this report to the King by a special servant. The pretended King's servant also showed how one Kitchen and one Ric. Wilson of Beverley threatened to come to Cawood and destroy the Abp. Then Anthony Hamond brought word that a servant of the dean of York had heard the commons of Marshland say they were coming to Cawood to take the Abp. for their captain. Determined not to be surprised in his house, and the rather as Robert Creke had fled from Beverley to Cawood, and one Babthorpe, a learned man, and other gentlemen had fled. Some advised him to go to Scardburgh Castle, but others thought it dangerous, and indeed his chancellor and registrar were taken on their way from York to Scardburgh at Malton but delivered by Sir Ralph Evers. Scardburgh is 32 miles from Cawood; so, hearing that Lord Darcy was gone to Pountefraecte Castle not 9 miles off, and that Mr. Magnus was gone thither from York for refuge, he accepted Darcy's offer of a lodging there and went thither next day. As Darcy allowed him 30 servants in the castle, he sent for more of his servants and charged the rest to keep out of the commons' hands. The day of his departure came John Aske "the heire," Sir Thomas of Metham and one Portington of Lincolnshire who were all taken by his tenants of Cawood but delivered by his steward and set over the water out of danger. On the morrow came the commons of Selbye, Wistowe, and Cawood and took his steward who redeemed himself with money. For a day or two after coming to Pountfrect, Darcy, Magnus, and he busied themselves to procure victual; and would have got more if the town would have helped them, "but after the vicar of Brayton came amongst them they durst not." Divers gentlemen in the castle provided for themselves. There were appointed to be about 300 persons in the castle. Darcy complained that he had often written to the king for money, ordnance, and gunpowder, but had no answer. He practised much with the commons to know their intention, and often said if he had ordnance they should not have the castle while there was victual in it. Sometimes he would say he trusted to get the commons to pass by and that their grudge against the castle was due to Mr. Magnus and the Abp. Learned, by letters from Suthwell and by a servant who came from the lord Steward, that the lord Steward was coming to Pountfrect Castle. Darcy seemed glad to hear it, and afterwards sorry that the lord Steward came not. When word came that Robert Aske had entered York and would shortly be at Pountfrect Castle, Darcy sent his son Sir Arthur to the King with letters and instructions saying, among other things that if the commons came he could not defend the castle. Darcy then sent his steward Strangwaies to speak with Aske at York. Knows not what commission Strangwaies had. It was thought best not to attempt to defend the castle; for out of 300 men not 140 remained and these were not all sound: there was only victual for 8 or 10 days. Robert Aske, on his arrival, sent the vicar of Brayton and young Aclom to ask an interview; and Sir George Darcy's eldest son was given as a hostage for him. Aske was then brought into the castle chamber, where Darcy, the Abp., Sir Robt. Constable, Mr. Magnus, and others were, and said they were entered on that holy pilgrimage for the redress of certain grievances, and required those present to join them, and deliver the castle, adding that if we refused, he had ways to constrain us, and we should find them people without mercy. Was requested by Darcy to answer this, but said it behoved Darcy to do so, as the request touched him in two points, viz., for his person and for the King's castle, while it only touched the Abp. in one; who would presently make answer for himself. Darcy thereupon answered that he neither could nor would deliver the King's castle, and that for the rest he would take counsel and then answer. Darcy said, if he had been well furnished he (Aske) should neither have had "the tone ne the toodre, but to his payne." The Abp. then asked what Aske desired of him. Aske answered that they desired him and Darcy to be mediators to the King for their requests and to give them counsel. Said, if they were to be mediators they had better not join with the commons, and that, as for giving counsel, they must first consider whether the enterprise were lawful. Asked if he might have a safe-conduct to go, and declare to the commons what he thought of their enterprise; but Aske refused, upbraiding him and other bishops for not dealing plainly. Answered they might have his body by constraint, but never his heart in this cause. That night, considering the danger of resistance, they determined with sorrow to yield, and repented that they ever came there where they had expected to be as safe as if in London.
	On the morrow they yielded the castle to Robert Aske, who then read an oath in which their "perigrinage" was declared to be to expel all low blood from the King's Council. Said it beseemed them not to appoint the King his council. It was afterwards said the earl of Derby would join the commons of Yorkshire; but he came not. Many lords and gentlemen came to the castle, but the writer did not join in their counsels or mingle with them except at dinner and supper. Sir George Darcy and Sir Ralph Ellerker, &c., and also, the same day, Robert Aske, came, desiring his counsel for the articles. Answered, they must first let him declare what he thought of their enterprise. Aske confessed they had no articles and meant him to make them: whereupon he said they had spun a fine thread if they made so great business and could not tell why. Aske afterwards complained to Robt. Bowes that the Abp. would do nothing for them. After this Mr. Magnus and the Abp. desired to go home, but Aske, hearing of this, as some of the Abp's. servants reported, swore that the Abp. should go to the field or he would strike off his head. From that day he accounted himself a prisoner, and went with Lord Darcy. In the field, before Sir Ralph Ellerker and Robert Bowes came to the duke of Norfolk at Doncaster, 5 or 6 articles were drawn up and committed to the memory of Robt. Bowes—not written. On his return Robert Bowes reported that Norfolk had demanded the articles of him, and he had answered that he had none in writing; on which the Duke caused them to be written, as they were uttered. This was the first the Abp. heard of them. Said to Lord Darcy and Sir Robt. Constable, in presence of the 3 knights pledges who came from Doncaster, that "their enterprise could not be avowed." Constable afterwards said he would endeavour to promote peace. On their return from the field Aske wrote to him to make a book of the spiritual promotions. Has the letter, but Aske had neither book nor answer. At the meeting at York before the last coming to Pomfret it was determined that all learned men and divines should meet at Pomfret; but Sir Robert Constable got leave for the Abp. to tarry at home and send his opinion. A few days before the meeting at Pomfret, Sir Ralph Ellerkar, Robert Bowes, and Babthorpe, a learned man, told him Robert Aske expected him to devise their articles. Said he would do no such thing: on which Babthorpe said Aske meant articles concerning the Faith. Answered, he knew of none to complain of; and Babthorpe wrote this to Aske, who wrote back thanking Babthorpe for good counsel and giving his "phantasy" of articles concerning the Faith, ending with the clause "and such other whereupon we may danger battle." Determined, on reading this, at once to go to Pounfrect, to remove this cause of battle—for there was never less cause than the Faith, seeing the pains the King has taken to set forth articles subscribed by all the bishops and clergy—and to declare that they had no authority to draw the sword: both which he did the first Sunday of Advent. Describes how he declared these in the parish church in spite of the advice of three of his chaplains and his suffragan, and danger from the commons. Lord Latimer came to him the night before and desired him to speak of the matter and to be brief, as there was a council at the castle on Sunday at 9 o'clock. Asked him to leave the council and be at the sermon; which he did. Robert Aske told the clergy who were met in the priory that if he had known the Abp. would preach so he would have pulled him out of the pulpit. Dined that day with Lord Darcy but would not lodge in the castle. Begged Darcy to help towards a good conclusion. Describes how, for his sermon, he was threatened and watched by the commons until Norfolk's coming to York, lest he should escape out of the country by land or water. Aske reserved all the King's money for the commons and used to say the Church should pay no more tenths or first fruits; but the Abp. said they made the quarrel for money demanded of them, and not, as they pretended, for the Church, which they spoiled daily. Before the last meeting at Pountefrete he was requested by Ellerkar, Bowes, and Babthorpe to send for Chalonor, a man of law, and Rob. Aske, and exhort them to further the peace. Sent for Chalanour, and spoke at Pountfrete with Aske who, was on the point of departing to Doncaster. Desired Aske and others to learn from Norfolk whether he (the Abp.) should proceed to the collection of the tenth at that time, or defer it. Urged Aske to disclose everything which might establish peace, and told Sir Ralph Ellerkar to show Norfolk he should diligently examine Aske, who could "tell the disposition of other quarters of England."
	Touching the articles proposed to the clerks at Pountfrect, the first he saw were in the afore mentioned letter of Aske to Babthorpe which the Abp. has. Never saw the other articles till after they were answered. The clerks brought them to him the night before the lords went to Doncaster, when he read certain articles in Aske's hand, and the answers in another book; but he would not agree with them, for nothing was yielded to the Supreme Head, the old question of matrimony was brought up, and the primacy of the Pope asserted; on which he "did stick" long with them. Has the second book which Aske delivered to them at Pountfrect. Protests that he never encouraged any man, but did his best to discourage them. Lord Darcy once said to him and Mr. Magnus that it was proposed to print the oaths and articles. Advised him not to consent or he might be taken for an author of them: so that was stopped. True, Lord Darcy waxed very earnest afterwards in the field, but the Abp. never heard him utter anything against his allegiance. He was deceived, as others were, by the belief that they did sacrifice to God and no injury to the King, a belief which must be plucked up to prevent such insurrections in the future.
	When Lancaster came into the castle of Pountfrect at the coming of the lord of Shrewsbury to Scrobie he would have told his message to the Abp., who referred him to Robert Aske. In his answer "Robert Aske so blustered and spake so terrible words that the poor man fell down upon his knees for fear," and said he was but a messenger. Raised him, saying "it beseemed not that coat armour to kneel before any man there."
	Pp. 22. Written in the first person but not signed. Endd. by Wriothesley.
24 April. R. O.	1023. THE NORTHERN REBELLION.
	24 April 1537, "infra Turrim London, coram magistris Layton, Tregunwell, et Legh."
	William Todde, prior of Malton in Rydal, examined, says that on Tuesday before Bygod's commotion, as examinat and his brethren were at dinner, came Sir Francis Bygod, saying he must to York on a matter between the Treasurer and the old prior of Guysborough. After dinner he turned to the fire and warmed himself and asked examinat if he had seen the pardon. Answered, No. Then he drew a copy of the pardon (as he called it) from his purse and showed examinat a piece of it, which "he said would set the Scots in our tops. It was that "this commotion encouraged our ancient enemies the Scots," which he thought would make them very angry. Examinat answered, "it should make but little matter of their anger." He asked examinat if he had a copy of the articles given at Doncaster. Examinat said Yea, and showed them to him and he gave a servant of examinat's 2 groats to make a copy of them and send it after him. Had no other communication with him, either concerning the pardon or a new commotion. Asked Bygod when he was on horseback if he would to York that night and he said he must to Setterington first, for his brother Ralph was gone before, as he said.
	About 14 or 16 years ago, at Rostendale, Westmld., examinat saw, in one Geoffrey Lancastre's hands, a roll of parchment of half a yard in length and half a quarter of a yard broad or thereabouts, "wherein was painted a moon painted growing, with a number of years growing as the moon did, and where the moon was at the full there was a cardinal painted, and beneath him the moon waned and ij monks painted a rowe, one under another headless, to a certain number; and in the midst of that roll was a strike made as an overthwarde partition, and under that line in the nether part of the roll a child painted, with axes and butchers' knives and instruments about him." This thing he has divers times showed both Bygod and others; and also a book he has in print called "Metodius," which Sir Ralph Yvers gave him and which lies open in his chamber for all to read. But he never undertook to interpret any part of the said books and never spake concerning the King, either to Bygod or any other.
	The Monday following came to Malton one of Bygod's servants and ordered examinat on pain of death to send his servants to the muster on the morrow. Examinat begged favour, for he had over many enemies already, and prayed him to make him no more. Sent no servants nor any manner of aid, but stayed, as far as he could, the country about him.
	Touching the first insurrection; he did nothing therein, but for fear of his life sent to them a servant whom he afterwards put out of his service for railing against the King's herald Lancaster. Also, under compulsion, he sent them a cart and two men without harness to drive it. (fn. 10) Signed: Per me Will'm Priorem de Malton.
	ii. "Die et loco supradictis."
	William Thyrske late abbot of Fountaignes, examined, deposes that before the last insurrection in Massamshire about the beginning of last Lent, as he was in his chamber at Gerveys Abbey, James Thwayts, a servant of the house, came and desired him, in the name of the abbot of Gerveys, to deliver to Middleton, who came with him, 40 pence, one Staveley being there also. Took out an angel noble and bade them change it, and Staveley took it in his hand and said it was cracked; so examinat gave them another angel and bade them change that. Staveley then took both and put them up, saying, "Ye churles monks, ye have too much and we have nothing, and nother of these thou gettest again." Examinat said "Ye shall not have my money so. If ye be true men ye will not take my money away, and ye should have but forty pence of me." Then Middleton rowned in examinat's ear that Staveley was mad, and that he would see him paid the rest; and so they departed. About a sevennight after, Middleton and Staveley in harness came to the abbot of Gerveys who, with examinat, was in his chamber, and bade him and his household come with them forthwith to Middlam Moor. Many other of the commons were then in the hall and about the house. The abbot desired that he and his brethren might be still, as it was not meet for religious men to go about such business; examinat also begged excuse as he was old and feeble. Nevertheless they took the servants of the house, whether by the abbot's command examinat knows not. One Beckwith and others were present. So they departed to the place of assembly. Denies constantly that he ever desired Staveley or Middleton, in case of any new insurrection, to help put him in his room again or that he was privy to the sending to Sir Thomas Percy, as deposed by Staveley. Can depose nothing of the first insurrection for he was in London all the time. Interrogated to whom he revealed the second commotion, says he heard not of it till it was up and then it was open to all the country.
	Pp. 4. In Ap Rice's hand. Endd.: Prior of Malton and quondam of Fountains' answers.
R. O.	2. Another copy of § ii.
	Pp. 3. Endd.
24 April. R. O.	1024. SIR GEORGE LAWSON to CROMWELL.
	Reminds Cromwell of his late letter sent by his servant, whose despatch he requests. Meanwhile, for provision of corn, has been to Holderness and has sent into Lincolnshire. Will on the arrival of his servant hasten to Berwick according to the King's command; after that he will come to London about his accounts. Desires answer in writing and trusts Cromwell will succour him in his old days. Credence for the bearer, William Mawnsell, who is an honest man. Shirefhoton, 24 April. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
24 April. R. O.	1025. WILL. BLITHMANE to DR. LEGHE.
	Has received his letter and sends particulars of Caldere by the bearer, Mr. Warmyngton. Has delivered particulars of Sherborne house to Leghe's farmer to reform before sending them. No news save of the coming up of the gentlemen Norfolk has sent by Sir Thos. Tempest and Rob. Bowes. The country is quiet, saving that every malefactor dreads himself. Norfolk is the writer's good lord. No complaints are heard of Dr. Leghe's visitation. "I dare well say there is no religious man that will avowche any grief for that matter." As far as he can ascertain, it was only Mr. Lassels that ministered the words at Doncaster by advice of his adherents, partly devised by them who ministered the articles to the King, as Mr. Bowes, Mr. Chalonere, Dr. Marshall, Dr. Dakins, and perhaps with the consent of the treasurer of York. Thinks the visitation would now be well accepted about Midsummer. There is a great change in the country since the commotion. Will wait upon him soon after Whit Sunday. York, 24 April.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Dr. Leghe, master of the Chancery.
24 April. Calig. B. III. 215. B. M.	1026. JOHN LOWTHER and JAK MUSGRAVE to [CUMBERLAND].
	Jak Musgraf's espial and Lowther's man agree that the council expect daily the King's arrival, that all the ships of the West coast have gone out to meet him, and that on his coming home they will have war. All the commons of Scotland are ordered to have "new jak, new spere, and knapskawde." Carlisle, 24 April.
	Copy, in the hand of Cumberland's clerk, p. 1. Add.: "To the duke of Norfolk's grace." Endd. by Wriothesley: "L. of Cumberland, 25 Aprilis;" and in a somewhat later hand (probably Elizabethan): "Shriff. 27 Aprilis. A. dño Cumbr."
24 April. R. O.	1027. BRABASON to CROMWELL.
	Has received his sundry letters and will follow his advice. Thanks for the farm of Duleke, wherein the King shall have no loss. Where you write for the money you stand charged with for the abp. of Dublin I shall shortly receive it. Therefore, as I am bound to Wm. Bodie, please detain the money at the next coming of the King's treasure, with 60l. more for your preferment of Edw. Basnet to be dean of St. Patrick's. I have set espials about Wm. Dormer, who shows me he has neither money nor jewels, or else he is very crafty. His passport he had of my lord Deputy and went in Nic. Watkyn's ship to Caernarvon before Michaelmas. As to waste of the King's revenues here, I, as vice-treasurer, have had the receipt of them, and the King's commissioner at his coming shall see that they have not been wasted. At our first coming they were very small, but within this twelve-month, by reason of the Parliament, they are much increased. As to wastes between Arglas and Leighlin Bridge, I, with 50 men, under the lord Deputy, will take them and pay the rent. Suggests that other crown officers should have their fees out of march lands. The king has small profit of his wards here, their lands are so entangled. An Act should be passed for the obtaining of primer seisin therein. I hear that divers sue to have the letting of the King's revenues, which will be easy now that they begin to be of record in the Exchequer; I am content they shall have it. At the next coming of the King's treasure please let me have the money due upon my last view of account, taking therefrom the abp. of Dublin's debts and my debts in England to Ant. Colie, Thos. Dacrez, and others. I desire that whatever commissioners are sent may be authorised to give me an acquittance upon my account, or else I fear I shall stand accountant for life. As to the charge that I do not my duty to my superiors, I refer me to the whole council. The Deputy was somewhat displeased with me by the procurement of evil-disposed persons; but I trust in his favour. Help me to an end with Mr. Hastingez for a certain title of land which Mr. Richard knows. Encloses a paper of what is due to the army here. Of the 700 soldiers 400 might be discharged at the coming of the said money. Seeing your Lordship sent me hither, I request under the Deputy to be at war with the Birnes, and will take 20l. of my stipend out of their country between Wicklow and Powerscourt, and make it English. The King should take heed how he parts with lands here, for there will be many suitors, and if his Grace have no revenues here the country will be ill defended. Defends himself from a charge of not regarding the laws, as in a rude country one must sometimes act at discretion. Thinks some of the Council wish not the King's profit; but he will show them, the lord Deputy set apart, that he is King's officer. Desires favour for the Chief Justice, who, whatever be said, is honest and painstaking; also for Thos. Cusake, who since his last "hindrance" to Cromwell has taken great pains about the King's lands.
	I beg favour for Thos. Agard, your servant. There is an officer in the Exchequer here who is very aged, and would resign to one of my clerks, as Patrick Barnewall can show you. If Barnewall make suit to remain in London "towards his learning" it must not be granted, for such an earnest officer cannot here be spared. 24 April.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.: 1537.
24 April. R. O. St. P. V. 74.	1028. MARGARET QUEEN OF SCOTLAND to HENRY VIII.
	Thinks "verra lang" that she has no answer to her writings sent by his servant Mr. Sadler. Begs he will not forget her. What he does for her at this time will be as much for his own honour as for hers. It is bruited here that John Tennand, a servant of the King her son, has been with Henry "quha was not wele tane with, as yai say." Cannot, however, credit it. Trusts the King her son will soon be home as he has written to her and has also written to his lords here to do her justice in the matters she has ado presently. Edinburgh, 24 April 1537.
	Begs that the bearer may have sure passage to the King her son.
	Modern copy, pp. 2. Add.
Calig. B.II. 5. B. M.	1029. QUEEN MARGARET to NORFOLK.
	Desires greatly to hear from the king her brother. Hoped, ere now, to have had an answer to her letter to him by his servant master Sadelear. Marvels that it has not arrived, as it stands upon the point of her son's coming. Thinks Henry has forgotten her and that she has no friend to put him in remembrance. Desires to know his pleasure by Norfolk.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: "To my lord of Norfolk, my cousin."
24 April. Calig. B.I. 325. B. M.	1030. MAXWELL to SIR JOHN LOWTHER.
	Has received his letter by his servant Edw. Story, complaining of attempts upon the West Borders. He writes of nothing "in special," but "upon this day at even, the xvj day of April last was" there came Fergus the Grahame, Hob Blaikburne, Ronald Tait, Wyllye Grahame, callit Ald Wyll, to Preston Merss in Gallawa, and drove away 22 horses of Michael of Murray, James Lindesay, and Mathew Wulson, for which he desires redress. Cannot appoint a day of meeting before St. Helen's Day.
	Lochmaban, "this last 24th day of April." Signed.
	P.1. Add.: "To ane worschipfull man, Sir Johne of Lowthre, kny^t., Lieutenant of the West March of Ingland."
25 April.	1031. HENRY VIII. to PATE.
	The letter printed in State Papers VII., 683., is really of the year 1536. See Vol. X., No. 726.
25 April. Add. MS. 25,114 f.262. B. M.	1032. HENRY VIII. to GARDINER AND BRIAN.
	Has received their sundry letters concerning their discourse with the French king on Brian's arrival. Accepts their apology for the long delay in coming to his presence, seeing they had done their best to get access sooner. Gardiner has not cleared himself from the charge imputed to him by the bishop of Tarbes' letters; that after the French king had received letters from Henry for the apprehension of Pole, he obtained Gardiner's consent that he should send a gentleman of his chamber commanding him to avoid the realm. Gardiner has evaded this charge and vindicated himself where he was not accused, viz., that when the French king said his Italians might snap Pole up at Cambray when he should walk out of the town, he said he had no commission therein, but only to demand fulfilment of the treaty. Wonders he did not make the same answer to the proposal for sending Pole out of France. The treaty required no such mandate from Francis for Pole to avoid his realm, but immediate apprehension, upon the receipt of the King's letters. Gardiner must obtain his purgation upon this point at his next audience. The King's letters showed them plainly that they were bound to deliver him at once. Is to suggest to Francis (telling him, however, he has no commission to do so), that as Pole is now at Cambray, a place which, though neuter, Francis has a certain interest in, and which is not far from the English marches, he should do what he can to get Pole expelled from it. "And for as much as we would be very glad to have the said Pole by some mean trussed up and conveyed to Calais, we desire and pray you to consult and devise between you there-upon." If they think it feasible, Brian shall secretly appoint fellows for the purpose. Greenwich, 25 April, 29 Henry VIII. Signed.
	In Wriothesley's hand, pp. 3. Addressed: "To the bp. of Winchester and to Sir Francis Brian, knight, one of the gentlemen of our Privy Chamber, our ambassadors in France." Endd.
25 April.	1033. MONASTERY EXEMPTED FROM SUPPRESSION.
	See GRANTS in APRIL, 29 HEN. VIII., No. 6.
25 April. R. O.	1034. SIR STEPHEN HAMERTON.
	Sir Stephen Hamurton, examined, says he first heard of the insurrection in Yorkshire by a bill set on the church door of Gyglesweke, before the first commotion in Craven, summoning all to meet next morning in a place above "Neales yng." Went next morning to see the bill; but found the people had all gone to the meeting place taking it with them. Was returning home hunting when some wives warned him to save himself; and anon he was surrounded by 300 armed men who said he had ruled them, but they would now rule him. Fawcet and Jaks were the ringleaders, and forced him to take the oath, and sent him with eight others to ask the Earl of Cumberland to join them. The earl "spurred of them" why they rose; and they answering it was for fear of Bishopdale, Wenslade, &c., he bade them be still, and if they were robbed he would see them recompensed. They said, "Nay, my lord, but this will not serve us." He replied, "I defy you, and do your worst, for I will not meddle with you." The messengers returned to Manybent, the place appointed, but the commons were gone to take Nicholas Tempest, and they met them on their way back between Bolton and Salley. The commons swore they would have my lord of Cumberland or die. On the morrow they met at Manybent, and letters came (fn. 11) from Salley, reporting that the lord of Derby would come and pull down Whalley, Salley, Sir Richard Tempest's house, and Hamerton's. They divided into two companies, Hamerton in the one and Tempest in the other, to go down different sides of the water of Rybley to a "more" two miles from Whalley to stop my lord of Derby. A letter was designed to be sent to Atkynson and others of Kendal side for aid. Forgets whether he signed it. At the "said hill" they heard that Derby had word by a herald from the duke of Norfolk to stay as an "uptake" was made at Doncaster. Returned home till commanded to come to York. There word came from the abbot of Salley that the country was up again, and Hamerton and Nic. Tempest were sent home to resist Derby, but found the country quiet again. Afterwards, by command of the rulers at York, he and Tempest went to the last meeting at Pomfret, where the pardon was proclaimed and accepted.
	Examined whether he was privy to the supplication of the convent of Salley to Sir Thomas Percy. Was hunting at Settyl Spring when Estgate, the abbot of Salley's chaplain, and one of the abbot's servants, came and said if he desired a certain wood he was to have bought from them two years before, he might have it or any other for nothing. Replied he would have nothing of their house. The chaplain then told him of a letter (fn. 12) they were about to send to Sir Thomas Percy, and would have read it to him, but he desired the chaplain briefly to state its purport, which was to inform Sir Thomas (fn. 13) that they were "set in" by the commons, and to ask if they should have his favour. Remarked that he could not see what Sir Thomas could do for them, but they might do as they list. Was not otherwise privy to that letter or to any putting out of farmers about Salley. Did nothing but what he was compelled to. The abbot held him in suspicion afterwards because he set men to arrest persons posting seditious letters upon church doors. There has been no stir in the parts about him since. The abbot, when condemned to die, sent to ask his forgiveness for having named him in the said letters, to the devising of which no one was privy except Estgate and two brethren, Bradforde and Parishe: this Sir Arthur Darcy can himself show. Has had no other communication with the abbot.
	Had no intelligence with Bigod or with Staveley in Richmondshire, Musgrave in Westmoreland, or Atkynson in Kendal.
	Pp. 6. Endd.. Confession.
R. O.	2. Corrected draft of the preceding, with a heading showing that the examination was taken 25 April 29 Hen. VIII., in the Tower of London, before Mr. Layton, Mr. Tregonwell, and Mr. Legh.
	Defaced and mutilated, pp. 4.
25 April. R. O.	1035. THE ABBOT OF JERVAULX.
	"Examinatio capta xxv Aprilis 1537, infra Turrim London, [cor]am magistris Tregunwell et Legh, &c."
	Adam Sedber, abbot of Jerveulx, examined, touching the first commotion says that on a Wednesday night about Michaelmas day last came to the garth or court of Jerveulx Abbey 200 or 300 of Massamshire and Kyrkbyshire and enquired for this examinat. Amongst them were captains Middleton and Staveley, as he heard. As soon as ext. heard of their being there, he conveyed himself, by a back door, to Witton Fell, "having with him but his n[atural father] and a boy called Martin Gibson," bidding his other servants go home and save their goods. Tarried in the fell 4 days and came home every night, for all those days the commons wandered in the country about the house. The commons meanwhile went to Coram and thence to Wensladale, and thence to Richmond, always coming home at night. At last hearing that ext. had said he would keep no servant or tenant who should go with them, they returned to Gerveys and enquired for ext. They were answered he was not at home. Then said they " We charge you the brethren to go and choose you a new abbot." The brethren rang the chapter bell and went to a new election, but certain of them would not agree to it. Then the commons gave them half an hour to choose one or else they would burn the house over their heads. The brethren sent about to seek ext., and one William Nelson came to him in a great crag on Witton Fell and said the commons would burn the house unless he came, and that "all the brethren cried wo by [him]. Then for saving of the house this ext., came ho[me, where] about the utter gate he was torn amongst [the commons] and almost killed, they crying, 'Down with that traitor.'" At last he was rescued by friends, and when he came to the hall entry Leonard Burgh, one of the ringleaders, drew his dagger and would have killed him but for them that stood by. Further on he came to Asleby, chief captain of those parts, who said "Whoreson traitor, where hast thou been? Get a block to strike off his head upon." Then they forced him to take the oath, which Burgh ministered to him. So they took ext. with them and made him ride a bare horse, which he rode at his coming in to them, and went through Richmond to Oxenfelde, where they met Lord Latomer and Mr. Bowes, of whom ext. asked leave to return home, but his neighbours would not consent thereto. From thence to Spenymore, whence ext. returned home; for there they divided companies and Mr. Bowes got him leave to do so. There the commons appointed Dr. Dakyns, Richard Sickesweke, Matthew Wittham, and William Catherike to go to Jerveulx abbey, and there receive such letters as came that way from the commons and see them delivered. And so they did till the first appointment at Doncaster, when they departed. Most of the letters were from Mr. Danbye, Sir Ralph Bulmer, and Mr. Bowes and their companies. If every gentleman had done his part at the beginning they had never gone so far. Asked what aid he gave the commons, he says they took all his servants maugre his head, but he gave them no wages nor victual. Two of his brethren were taken also, but returned with him from Spenymore. Knows of no other intelligence by letters, messages, or otherwise, concerning the first insurrection.
	Examined whether and how he gave money to Staveley at the last commotion, he says he had lost 30 wethers and, by advice of one James his "storer," he asked Edward Middilton in the Xmas, holidays, because he was a hunter, to enquire for them. Three weeks after ext. met Middilton by chance in the abbey church and asked whether he had any word of the sheep. He said, No, albeit he had made the best enquiry he could. The abbot said "Ye have taken pains although ye could do no good," and ordered James his storer to give him 2s. or 3s. 4d. drink money. James said he had no such money and the abbot told him to go to the cellarer, or the quondam of Fountains, and bid one of them pay it. Does not now know which sum he ordered. Staveley was then present and another man. About 4 or 5 days after, there came to this ext.'s chamber after breakfast, before he was aware, the said Staveley and Middilton and his son [in harness], and Staveley reproached him that he had deceived them at first and now he should not, and therefore bade him come with them forthwith, with half a dozen of his brethren. This ext. desired them to forbear, saying they were his neighbours and should be his friends but were his enemies, and said he might "banne (?) them days of his life." Partly by his importunate refusal, and partly by the entreaty of one Beckwith that came with them, they let him and his brethren alone, but took some of his servants with them. Next day, hearing they were to meet a greater company at Richmond, went to Bolton Castle to Lord Scrope and remained there till he heard they were sparpled and broken at Richmond; when he returned home. He intended if they had kept together to have remained in the castle with Lord Scrope, with whom he had arranged before, and who had asked him boldly to come to him with such servants as he could trust and he would defend them, for the knew of a thousand that would die with him in that quarrel. Since then he has heard nothing of that matter. Has given no other aid by word, deed, or writing.
	As to the special points that Staveley toucheth him of, he denies he ever sent or was privy to the sending of any messenger to Sir Thomas Percy, or that he sent his servants and tenants with Staveley, or sent any man to Lincolnshire to learn the state of the country; but the cellarer sent one Jackson to Lincolnshire at the end of the Xmas. holidays, to gather their rents, and for no other purpose. Had no intelligence with Hallam, Bygot, Atkynson or Musgrave.
	Pp. 3. In Ap Rice's hand. Mutilated and injured by damp. Endd.
	ii. Another fly leaf perhaps belonging to the same document is docketed Liber tercius decimus.
R. O.	2. Fair copy of the preceding without the heading, with passages noted in the margin in Richard Pollard's hand.
	Pp. 5. Endd.
25 April. R. O.	1036. THE ABBOT OF JERVAULX AND QUONDAM OF FOUNTAINS.
	i. Confession of the abbot of Jervaux, 25 April, before Dr.Tregunwell and Dr. Ley.
	Took oath to the rebels in the first insurrection and conveyed letters for them until the first appointment at Doncaster. (In margin: This, he says, was against his will,"but this ys no ansure, for I knowe no man that whas hurtyd yn the compulcyon therof," and he ought to have fled from them to the King). His servants and two of [his brether]yn went forth to the rebels with him.
	Last insurrection:—He bade Edward Mydylton, then a traitor, go to the cellarer or to the quondam of Funtens for a reward: Nynyan [Sta]veley and another being present. Four or five days after, Nynyan Staveley, [Middilton], and his son, came in harness to his [chamb]er, and they had divers of his servants with them [again]st hi]s will. The cellarer sent one Jacson into [Lincolnshir]e at the end of Xmas, but only to [gather] their rents.
	ii. Confession of William Thyrske, quondam of Funtens.
	About the beginning of Lent one Thawtes (Thwaites), servant of the abbot of Jervaurs, came to his chamber and bade him give Mydylton 40 pence. Gave two angel-nobles, Nynyan Staveley standing by. About a sevennight after, Staveley and Mydylton came in harness and took away the servants of the house of Jervers.
	iii. The monks' names:—Roger Hertylpole and John Staynton.
	iv. Nynyon Staveley and Edward Mydylton:—They consented to the said monks the Sunday after Candlemas, sent out bills for a general muster on Mydlam Moor on the [Tu]esday and had money of the quondam of Funtens by the abbot's command. Monday and Tuesday they raised the people. On Tuesday they came to Jervaux with 10 men in harness and had meat and drink; and the quondam of Funtens desired them to restore him to his house, as he was wrongfully put out by the visitors. They then went, with the abbot's servants and tenants, about 100, to Mydlam Moor, but, as the gentlemen were gone to meet the duke of Norfolk, they dispersed. Md., that Tuesday the abbot and quondam caused Mydylton and Staveley to write to Sir Thomas Percy to come and join them, who answered that when he came to that country he would send for them. The same Tuesday the abbot promised to send Jackson, his bailey, to lie about Newark and see what company the Duke brought. Jackson reported that "men were busily hanged in Lincolnshire, and if the Duke come into the North he will do likewise there," which was a great cause of the insurrection in Richmondshire.
	1. The procurement of the monks. 2. Consent of Staveley and making of bills. 3. Money given by the quondam, "saying when this is spent they shall have more." 4. They came again, the Tuesday, and had meat and drink, and but 10 persons, and the abbot counselled them to send to Percy. 5. The abbot sent his servant into Lincolnshire.
	In Richard Pollard's hand. Pp. 3. Worn.
25 April. R. O.	1037. NORFOLK to CROMWELL.
	Begs his favour to the bearer, John Fawbery, in his suits. Sheriffhutton, 25 April. Signed.
	P.1. Add. Lord Privy Seal. Sealed.
25 April. Calig. B. III. 214. B. M.	1038. JOHN LOWTHER to [CUMBERLAND].
	Has received his Lordship's letter this St. Mark's eve, expressing the King's pleasure for the fortification of Carlisle. If victual be sent there is no mill in the castle to grind it, and if your lordship had good ordnance there is none to shoot them. Therefore make provision in time "for either war of Scotland now when the King's purse is full of the French gold, or never," and the common voice of Scotland is war. Sent his man to Edinburgh to await the Scotch king's coming, which is expected on May Day at farthest. Despatched him the sooner as the wind is in his favour. Norfolk should be advertised of the defenceless state of Carlisle. Carlisle Castle, St. Mark's Day.
	Copy, in the hand of Cumberland's clerk, p. 1.
25 April. R. O.	1039. JOHN HUSEE to LORD LISLE.
	Has received his sundry letters. Delivered to Mr. Bryan's servant the letter his master sent him. The horse was sent to the country before the letter came, but he has promised to bring him in four days and I will send him by the next sure messenger, for Clyfford cannot wait. Has spoken about a saddle and harness. Petlay conveys a letter from the Emperor's ambassador to the queen of Hungary's secretary for licence for four horses for your Lordship. My lord Privy Seal thinks it unnecessary to write about your check, saying your Lordship is chief ruler and be will always support your authority. Hopes the French will not succeed at Hesdin, though it is thought they "will not so surcease." Sends again Alayne King's passport. Delivered the two packets to my lord Privy Seal, and that to my lord Admiral, who says he has more ado with Calais than with all England. Has delivered Lisle's letter to Mr. Kyngston, who shall receive his piece of wine tomorrow. He rides to-day to Wanstede, and at his return will speak to my lord of Canterbury. Potkyns and Kelegryw have promised to do their best. Mr. Kyngston has also promised to speak to my lord Privy Seal for your Lordship's suit; "but if he be a true man of his word, oath and promise, it shall need to move him no more in it, for I have been meetly plain with him within this six days, and be hath made so faithful promise that I can say ne write more." The fee simple is no small matter. "I think he will now be good lord unto me and rid me to Calais against the coming of the Holy Ghost. Your Lordship may be assured it shall not be slacked of my behalf." You have not answered who shall be named in your licence of victualling. Mr. Sadleyre says he can yet spy no time for the forest. Mr. Kyngston says he will shortly send you a gelding. You have not sent me a new certificate from the Friars. "This will scantily be allowed." Sends my Lady three warrants, two of them payable in November and one now in May. Begs him to return them signed, for both the grocer and the chandler are right honest men. The earl of Cumberland is Companion of the Garter. Garter would be gratified by some present from Lisle, and a hogshead of Gascon wine would not be ill bestowed on him, "for he is much honester man than the last was. The Tower is replenished with the Northern people,—I think they shall not long there remain,—among which is the lady Bolmer, with divers abbots, priests, and priors." London, 25 April.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.
25 April R. O.	1040. JOHN HUSEE to LADY LISLE.
	I have received your sundry letters. The goldsmith is ready to amend the holy water stock. I sent your succade, marmalade, cinnamon, &c., by Harry Vernham; also four great chargers in the same ship. I hope the other "vessel" (plate ?) is long since in your possession. The torches Pettly desired me to send with the first. I send the reckonings and three warrants, two for the chandler and one for the grocer, to be signed and sealed. The pewterer's duty is 10s. 6d. The goldsmith melted the two cups immediately. Ransford misinformed you that there were two dead of the plague in Lincoln's Inn: two died in the Temple. One was attacked in Lincoln's Inn who is still alive and like to live, but Mr. Basset came away immediately. He is in good air, but you could find him cheaper in Hampshire. He desires letters to the prior of Southwick and Father Seller. The horse had better be sent over for his entertainment. He requires his velvet coat new bodied, a green coat, a red cloak, and a leather jerkin of Spanish skin. His man lacks a coat. They owe Mr. Skerne 4l. and should have at least 4l. more. He has a little "malander" upon his leg, but I hope it will be healed before he go to the country. You write to desire a bed of me. I shall be happy if anything of mine do you service. I beg that my lord may write to Mr. Wynsor for Holt's payment. He would be glad to pay for a piece of French wine. I am glad you have received my lord of Hertford's (bp. of Hereford's) cramp-rings. Mr. Wylliams says he sent you some by Serjeant Chalkworthe. I cannot hear either of Mrs. Alice or the cushion. As to Mrs. Katharine we cannot see that your ladyship can do better; for the Duchess (fn. 14) is both virtuous, wise, and discreet. London, 25 April.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: In Calais.
25 April. R. O.	1041. WM. LORD SANDYS to LORD LISLE AND THE COUNCIL OF CALAIS.
	The bearer, Adrian Dogan, is much vexed by Thos. Prestwich, who has married his daughter against his will and would now procure to have his living from him, for which he has raised actions before your Lordship, and also before the mayor of Calais and the Commissary. The poor man is old and has been long of the retinue. Guisnes, 25 April. Signed.
	P.1. Add. Endd.: My lord Chamberlain's letters with news.
25 April. R. O.	1042. MARY BASSET to LADY LISLE.
	Is glad that this gentleman is come, as she is anxious to know when her mother will lie in. Madame de Bours has had much trouble (beaucoup desugny), which is the reason I have not written to you. Thanks her for laces. The little piece of embroidery was given to the petit fils of Mademoiselle d'Agincourt (sic), while the Queen was in this town. Madame de Bours has made me take off my mourning in order to go to Court, where I always went with Madame de Riou. Mademoiselle d'Agincourt sends her respects. Begs her to send a pair of man's hose (causes de cresge (?) (fn. 15) a home) which she has promised some one. Abbeville, 25 April.
	Hol. Fr., p.1. Add.
25 April. Calig.B.II. 6.B. M.	1043. GAWAN, ARCHBISHOP OF GLASGOW, Chancellor, to NORFOLK.
	Has received his letter, dated at Sheref Hutoun, 18 April, complaining of the receipt of English rebels at Jedburgh on Easter Day. It is but a short time since his arrival here, and the matter requires careful investigation. If the rebels can be apprehended the rulers of those parts must be sent for and examined. Justice will be strictly administered. Edinburgh, 25 April. Signed as above.
	P. 1. Addressed: "To my lord duke of Norfolk, lieutenant of the King's highness of England within the North parts of the same."