Henry VIII: January 1537, 1-5 | British History Online

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 12 Part 1, January-May 1537. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1890.

Citation:

'Henry VIII: January 1537, 1-5', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 12 Part 1, January-May 1537, ed. James Gairdner( London, 1890), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol12/no1/pp1-16 [accessed 16 November 2024].

January 1537, 1–5



Harl. MS. 604. f. 102. B. M.	1. DISSOLUTION of the MONASTERIES.
	The breviate of the brief certificate upon the new survey of the religious houses in County Palatine of Lancaster given to the King's Highness by Act of Parliament, and within the case of dissolution.
	The following particulars are set down:—a. First value: b. Second value: c. bells, lead, and goods: d. value of woods: e. debts owing by: f. religious persons: g. servants and dependants: h. "th'offer for the redemption of the said house to be paid at days."
	Cokersand: a. 152l. 13s. ½d.: b. 282l. 7s. 7½d.: c. 343l. 18s. 5d.: d. 40s.: e. 108l. 9s. 8d.: f. 22: g. 57: h. 1,000 mks.. Cartmele: a. 91l. 6s. 3d.: b. 212l. 12s. 10½d.: c. 274l. 13s. 9½d.: d. 16l.: e. 59l. 12s. 8d.: f. 10: g. 38: h. 1,000 mks. Conyshed: a. 97l. 2d.: b. 161l. 5s. 9d.: c. 333l. 6s. 3½d.: d. 12l.: e. 87l. 17s. 3½d.: f. 8: g. 41: h. 1,000 mks. Burscough: a. 80l. 7s. 6d.: b. 122l. 5s. 7d.: c. 418. 10s. 10d.: d. 25l.: e. 86l. 3s. 8d.: f. 5: g. 42: h. 1,000 mks. Hollande: a. 53l. 3s. 4d.: b. 78l. 12s. 9d.: c. 132l. 2s. 8d.: d. 40l.: e. 18l. 18s. 10d.: f. 5: g. 26: h. 250 mks.
	Pp. 3. Headed as above.
R. O.	2. LORD LAWARR to CROMWELL.
	Value of the manor of Boxgrave, Suss., in demesne lands, tenants, freeholders in Boxgrave, Walberton, and Yapton, copyholders, and the parsonage of Boxgrave, 18l. 13s. 4d. Total, 58l. 4s. 5½d.
	Value of one-half of the manor of Shepton Mallet, Somers., whereof the King has one half and I the other, worth 33l. 12s. 9½d., whereunto is appended the advowson of the parsonage of Shepton Mallet, worth 50 mks. a year, which the King gives one time and I the other.
	"Pleasith it your good lordship," I would exchange this my part of Shepton Mallet for Boxgrave, and where Boxgrave is the more valuable by 24l. 11s. 8d. I desire that the King will give me this for my services or else I will buy it.
	Copy. p. 1. Endd.: The lord Lawarr bill to my lord Privy Seal for Boxgrave lands.
Vesp. F. XIII. 75. B. M. Ellis 2d. S. II. 83. Nott's Howard, App. VI.	3. MARY DUCHESS OF RICHMOND to the DUKE OF NORFOLK.
	Sorry to trouble him daily with her busy letters, but the matter touches her most of any other and she would sue to the King herself if she had not so good an intercessor. No effect comes of it, however, but words. Thinks his Highness is not ascertained "of my holl wudouefwll and rygth thereen," else he would never allow the justice of his laws to be denied to the widow of his late son. Wishes leave to come up and sue her own cause, as the King alone made the marriage. Commits all, however, to Norfolk and my lord Privy Seal, "who, as ye write, has promised to be good lord therein." Kengengal (Kenninghall), Wednesday.
	Hol., p. 1. Address pasted on: To my were good lord and father the dowke of Norfolk.
Cleop. E. IV. 257. B. M.	4. THOMAS ARUNDELL to [CROMWELL].
	Riding downward to Cornwall and passing the monastery of Clyffe, hearing such lamentation for the dissolution thereof and a bruit in the country that the King at your lordship's suit had pardoned it, I sent to Mr. Chancellor of the Augmentations to know whether to dissolve it, as I had his letters for the dissolution of the residue of Somersetshire, and it seemed to be omitted by oversight, he being very busy. I beg in behalf of the honest gentlemen of that quarter that the house may stand. In it are 17 priests of honest life who keep great hospitality. The house would have stood if we surveyors had not found it of greater value than it was set at the first survey; but that was not the abbot's fault, for when the collector came for the tenth the abbot said he ought to pay more, and paid according to the later survey. The house will give the King 1,000 mks. for their exemption. Would have spoken with the King for this, but doubted his Grace should have noted him to have been corrupted. Protests he looks for no reward, as the house is not rich. From St. Colombe in Cornwall.
	Hol., pp. 2.
R. O.	5. ROBERT RYCHARDIN to CROMWELL.
	If he had the power, Cromwell should have real experience of his New Year gift and the love of his heart, but Lincolnshire, as the abbot wrote, has "pured" him of all Cromwell gave him, "which I thought to have kept the schools within thir parts."
	Has caused Master Pryce to write him a licence to preach, which he prays Cromwell to subscribe. Ignorance and error have been the cause of all this business, so it were good some wise preachers were set abroad to win the people to know what obedience and love they owe to God, their prince, and his wise Council. Cromwell has all nations in his service except Scottish, who, he thinks, are as necessary for divers causes and service as any other, for where they are true and kind they will die for their master and "lawte." Prays Cromwell therefore to take him to his service or to commend him to some honest man or give him some sober cure to service. Has no wages or service of any man, but remains here at great cost in hopes of his kindness. A sage, wise and rich man, who bears office in Older Gayte, asked him to procure him an interview with Cromwell, for he could show him things which, he trusted, would be to his pleasure and profit.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Seal: A death's head with the motto "Morieris." Endd.
R. O.	6. ROBERT ASKE.
	"The manner of the taking of Robert Aske in Lincolnshire, and the use of the same Robert unto his passage from York."
	First, Aske says that, being with his brothers John and Christopher Aske, in the house of his brother-in-law William Ellerker in Yorkyswold, he was to meet Sir Ralph Ellerker, jun., for a fox hunt, but Sir Ralph had that day received the King's commission for the subsidy, and was gone on that business to Hull or Beverley. Hearing this, and intending to be in London two days before the term, "to apply his great businesses at the law," he set out and crossed the Humber five miles from Ellerker's place by the Barton Ferry, his "next" way to London. Heard from the ferrymen how the commons at Castre had taken the commissioners and the bishop's ordinary or commissary, and how the churches and church ornaments were to be taken away. Landing at Barton, went to lodge that night with his brother-in-law Thomas Portington at Sauclyf, eight miles from Barton and two from Burton Statur ferry. Was stopped at Feryby, two miles from Barton, by one Mr. Huddswell and others, who told him of their assembly, and made him take their oath to be true to God, the King, and the commonwealth. Finding at Sauclyf that his brother-in-law had been taken by the commons, he proceeded towards Wintringham to take boat, but was met and so "entreated" by some of the commons that he was glad to return to Sauclif. That night, about an hour before day, the commons came to Aske's bed, "he then being accompanied with three of his nephews, whereof two was students at the law," and took them all, but licenced them to go into Yorkshire, for two of them were "heir apparents." They took Aske to _ (fn. 1), a town three miles south of Sauclif, where there was an assembly without captains or gentlemen. These said that Lord Borow had warned the soke of Kirton in Lindsay against them, and that they would raise the soke. They then divided, and Aske went by Humber's side with the horsemen, and they raised the soke and met again at Kirton about 3 p.m., intending to join the host of Castre Wold at Hamyldon How. No one would go to learn the intentions of that host, so Aske offered. Rode thither, 12 miles, and declared the intention of his company to one Mr. Moyne (Moigne) whom the commons forced to be their captain. The commons would only allow them to converse openly and aloud. Learnt that they would lodge that night at Rasing woode, a mile (fn. 2) off, and next night at Downeholme Mede, five miles beyond Lincoln, where they wished the other company to meet them. Returned to his company and repaired that night to Sauclyf. Early next morning, at Burton Statur, he passed over Trent into Marshland, Yorks., where the people were in great rumour. Seeing Aske, who, they heard, was a leader in Lincolnshire, they wished to ring their bells, but he advised them not to be the first to rise, but to wait till they heard Houden bells rung. Crossed the Ouse into Houden, where he advised the people not to rise till they heard the bells of Marshland. Went to his brother's house five miles off, but returned to Houden as his brother was not at home. Next day, hearing that the King's pleasure touching the petitions of Lincolnshire was known by Mr. Henage, repaired to Lincoln. There, the same night, he heard that either the gentlemen or the commons would slay him for deserting them, so he left his lodging at the sign of the Angel in Lincoln, and lodged with a priest, his host's brother, and early next morning departed homewards. Could not cross the Trent for two days, and meanwhile a letter was forged in his name to the town of Beverley (which he utterly denies making or consenting to). Crossed the Trent about midnight, when the beacons of Yorkswold were set on fire. On the morrow a letter came from Sir Brian Hastings for the gentlemen of Marshland to raise men and come to him. The gentlemen thereupon called the commons before them in the parish church, when suddenly the bells were rung "auukward" in every church there and in Houdenshire. Was hiding in a poor man's house, but the commons heard it and sent for him; so in the night he crossed the water to the commons in Houdenshire, who were threatening to burn the house of Sir Thomas Metham, knight. Pacified them and saved the house. Next day the commons of Houdenshire assembled at Ringstanhirst and those of Marshland assembled on Houke moor, sent for Aske. They had obtained the articles of Lincolnshire, which were to the following effect:—1. To have redress of the abbeys suppressed. 2. Statute of uses. 3. Punishment of divers bishops, especially the bp. of Lincoln. 4. Release of the quindene or tax. And other two articles which he does not remember. These were sent under the hands of divers worshipful men of Lincolnshire into Yorkshire.
	Aske then left them and crossed the Ouse to the Commons of Houdenshire, where, on the morrow, they took the cross of the church with them, having enforced certain gentlemen and heirs apparent to come in to them, and proceeded that night to Wighton, eight miles from Houden. Next day the host of Houderness and Yorkswold, numbering 9,000 horse and foot, mustered above Wighton and endeavoured to take Hull, but the worshipful men held out. Aske took the other company and proceeded towards York, sending a letter to the mayor to demand free passage through the city at their peril, and promising that they should be truly paid for all things taken. The city, being ill supplied with artillery and gunpowder, received them, and before their entry the prices of victuals and horsemeat were published to the commons. Aske made proclamations that no man should spoil, and suffered no footman to enter within the walls. He remained there two days and conveyed the offenders against his orders to the siege of Hull. He took this order:—That no man should spoil any one unless he had the hand of two of the Council at the same, and that the party should have at least 24 hours warning to come in. He also took order for religious houses suppressed "because the commons would needs put them in," and his order was set on the Minster door that all houses suppressed might know how to use themselves. This order was as follows:—1. That the prior and convent should re-enter their suppressed monasteries and view by indenture how much of their goods was left, keeping the one part and delivering the other to the King's farmer, from whom they should have necessary food and clothing pending our petition to the King, and so do divine service as the King's beadmen or women. If the farmer refused they might then take of the same goods by the delivery of two indifferent neighbours by bill indented what they required to live upon during the said time.
	At that time and, to his knowledge, before, Aske says the commons of Richmondshire were up and had taken the lords Latimer, Lumley, and Westmoreland. After divers orders taken at York, Aske proceeded to the commons assembled before Pomfret Castle. At his first coming thither, knowing that the serving men in the castle favoured him, he sent a letter to the lords within it to deliver it or he would give assault the same night. In that letter he rehearsed how the commons were "gnawn in their conscience" with the spreading of heresies, suppression of monasteries, &c., and desired their mediation with the King to set forth their grievances. As the said Robert Aske's hand was not at the said letter, the said lords desired, upon pledges, to speak with him, and did so, when he declared the griefs of the commons: first how the lords spiritual had not done their duty and been plain with the King for the quenching of heresies; also about the ornaments of the churches and abbeys suppressed; the violation of relics by the suppressors, and the unreverent demeanour of the doers thereof; and the impositions of the visitors. The lords temporal he blamed in that they had not declared to the King the poverty of his realm, by which danger might have been avoided, as in the North parts much of the relief of the commons was by succour of abbeys; also that before this last statute the King had no money out of that shire, the revenues of which went to the finding of Berwick, but now the profits of abbeys suppressed, tenths and first fruits went out of those parts, so that in a few years there would be no money left, either for the tenant to pay his rents or for the lord to do the King service; for in those parts was neither the presence of his Grace, execution of his laws, nor much recourse of merchandise, "so that of necessity the said country should either patyssh with the Scots or of very poverty enforced to make commotions," which the lords knew to be true. After divers arguments on both sides lord Darcy desired licence to keep the castle till Saturday after, the interview being on Thursday: and Aske, knowing that the earl of Shrewsbury intended to rescue it, refused, and only gave respite till 8 a.m., against which hour he prepared for the assault. At that hour Darcy again desired longer time, which Aske would not give him; so the castle was yielded, and the lords spiritual and temporal, knights and esquires, were sworn. After which the country daily assembled of all parts, and Aske tried out the men. The lords Nevyll, Latymer, and Lumley then came in, and 10,000 men with them, with the banners and arms of St. Cuthbert, and the band of Blakamore and Pekeryng Lythe, with the knights and gentlemen there-abouts, 5,000 men, and Yorkswold and Houderness and about 2,000 or 3,000 with them, and then the West [and North] (fn. 3) Riding of Yorkshire; so that in all there were at a place called Stuping Sysse, near Doncaster, about 34,000 or 35,000 men well tried on horseback. Aske would not suffer the herald Lancaster to declare the persuasion to the people for two reasons. First, that even then news had come that the commons of Lincolnshire were down, and that by like persuasion by the same herald, and if he had declared his message to the people they would have killed him. 2. There was nothing contained in the same, either of pardon or of any demand as to the cause of their assembly. The herald came to Doncaster, where the commons were in two wards; the vanward being with St. Cuthbert's banner, accompanied with the lords Nevyll, Lumley, and Latymer, Sir Thomas Hilton, Sir Thomas Percy, and all the band of the Bishopric, Cleveland, and part of Richmondshire. In the second ward was the lord Darcy, the said Aske, Sir Robert Constable, and all the knights and esquires of the East Riding, Holderness, the Ainsty, and North and West Ridings of Yorkshire. The rear ward then coming forward with Lord Scrope, Sir Chr. Danby, Sir Wm. Maloore, the Nortons, Markynfelds, and others of Richmondshire, Wensladale, Swadale, Netherdale, Kirkbyshire, Massamshire, and the liberties of Ripon, to the number of 12,000 men on horseback well furnished. And being at or nigh Pomfret, the herald, being there with the host, declared how the duke of Norfolk desired that they would declare the causes of their assembly by four of the discreetest men of the North, and come to him at Doncaster, when he would give pledges for their safe return. And though such persons might not be well spared, they offered to send four, six, eight, or twelve persons to meet a like number between the hosts and declare their grievances. The Duke was not content, but sent word by the herald that if they refused he would give battle in place convenient; which the lords would have accepted, but Aske told them that it was no dishonour but a duty to declare their grievances to their Sovereign, that evil counsellors might be removed who were in "arror" of the people and dangered the person of their Prince. It was then agreed to send Sir Ralph Ellerker, Sir Thos. Hilton, Robt. Bowes, and Robt. Chaloner to the said duke and earls, which was done, and Aske received the pledges for them within night, viz., Mr. Herington, Mr. Vellers, Mr. Litilton, and another knight not now known to the said Aske, whom he conveyed that night to Hampall. The appointment was to deliver both the said parties at noon, then being Friday, which was done accordingly. Sir Ralph Ellerker and the others reported how they had declared five articles at large to the Duke and earls, who wished to have the intent thereof declared in articles by the baronage and worshipful men of the North by their own mouths. On this a number on both sides were appointed to have communication at Doncaster Bridge, of whom on the side of the North were lords Latymer, Lumley, and Darcy, Sir Robt. Constable, Sir Thos. Hilton, Sir Ralph Ellerker, Sir John Bulmer, Robt. Bowes, Robt. Chaloner, and others, who met at the place appointed. Aske was not with them, but ordered the whole host standing in perfect array "to within night" till the return of the said lords, and what they spake or concluded he knows not other than the said five articles to him reported. This further order was taken that the host at Pomfret should depart and the other host repair thither, and that the duke of Norfolk should repair in haste to the King with our general articles, accompanied by Sir Ralph Ellerker and Robt. Bowes, and next day the whole host should disperse from Pomfret and the earl of Shrewsbury in like manner from Doncaster; which promise was performed on both sides, "and so seen and viewed by the herald."
	When Aske was at Pomfret word came to him from the men of Craven that the earl of Derby was assembling a number of men to put out the monks of Salley abbey before suppressed, "being the charitable relief of those parts and standing in a mountain country and amongst three forests," and how the commons of Craven, Dent, Setbaurgh, Kendall, Furness, Boulond, and part of the edge of Lancashire, intended to withstand his coming, and prayed for help from Aske's men if need were. Aske immediately sent posts to the knights and commons there, declaring the order taken at Doncaster, and how they should not meddle with the said earl although he invaded them, but withdraw to the mountains unless he raised fire, and then to send Aske word by post. Aske then caused lord Darcy to write to the earl of Shrewsbury to stay the earl of Derby; but the commons before the delivery of Aske's letter had attained Whallay abbey, where the said earl by his letter had, the same night, appointed to lodge. Aske at the same time sent another letter to the commons that on no account they should assault or besiege the earl of Cumberland until the King's answer was known, and the earl should use himself towards them in likewise according to the order taken at Doncaster. Next day, Sunday, Aske repaired to York and remained there all night, declared the order, and stayed the country. Next day he repaired to Wresill castle to the earl of Northumberland, "to have agreed him and his brother Sir Thomas Percy." On his way he was informed by the commons how Sir Marmaduke Constable was come to his own house, and they would either have him sworn or else spoil him. On this Aske wrote to Sir Marmaduke to come to him at Wresill, hoping to save his goods and to show him "how the commons might in his favour have been persuaded." Sir Marmaduke departed that night into Lincolnshire. Next day Aske went to Watton abbey, 14 miles off, to stay the commons, who would have chosen a new prior there because the prior had fled to the lord Cromwell, being one of his promotion, and had left three or four score orethren and sisters of the same house without 40s. to succour them. Aske pacified the commons and deputed the subprior to manage the house in the prior's absence. He then went to Hull to Sir Robert Constable, whom he made ruler there to protect the town against the duke of Suffolk, who had kept his garrison direct against the same contrary to the appointment. This put the country to great charge in finding 200 soldiers in Hull, and caused the siege of Scarborough and the taking of Edward Walter and his ship, which nearly occasioned new commotions. Aske, however, says he knew nothing of the commons that went to Scarborough till they were there and had besieged the place. He then repaired to Wresill, where he remained till the letter came from Mr. Bowes to lord Darcy explaining the cause "of the tarrying so long, apertly comparing cause of new commotions supposed to be made by the said Aske, which was untrue." Wrote an answer to this and repaired home to the said castle, and sent out letters summoning a council at York upon Mr. Bowes' letter, to be ready against his coming with the King's answer on the 21st November. On the coming of Mr. Bowes to lord Darcy, Aske went and met him and then repaired to the Council at York. There it was debated whether to meet the duke of Norfolk at Doncaster or not; 1, because the lord Cromwell had written to Sir Ralph Evers, jun., threats that if the commons were not pacified such vengeance should be taken as should make them an example to the whole world; and 2, because the commons of Lancashire and elsewhere favoured our cause, "which after much deceding in to our articles would not so generally join in their quarrel."
	At last it was concluded to meet the Duke at Doncaster with 300 persons. And so there came some of the most discreet from every country, and at the same time order was taken for spoils, casting down of enclosures of commons, and letters to be sent to the clergy to study for the articles profitable for the faith of the Church and liberties of the same, also that all learned counsel and wise men should consult for remedy of evil laws. "And at the said Council at York, lord Cromwell, by occasion of the same letters, and for the extreme punishment of the great jury of Yorkshire for Wykclyf's cause (fn. 4) and for the extreme assessment of their fines, was, and yet is, in such horror and hatred of the people in those parts, that in manner they would eat him, and esteems their griefs only to arise by him and his counsel," as they declared to Lancaster Herald nigh Hampall in Yorkshire, who can report their words "to your Highness." It was at the same time determined that the lords, knights, and squires, and the commons there appointed, should meet at Pomfret two days [before] the meeting at Doncaster to decide particulars, when every man brought in his bill. Upon which the articles now concluded at Doncaster were drawn up. Cannot now remember the names of the lords and gentlemen assembled, but there were at Pomfret the lords Nevill, Scrope, Latymer, Conyers, Lumley, and Darcy, Sir Robt. Constable, Sir James Strangwich, Sir Chr. Danby, Sir Thos. Hilton, Sir Wm. and Sir John Constable, Sir Peter Vavasour, Sir Ralph Ellerker, Sir Chr. Hilliard, Sir Robt. Nevill, Sir Oswold Willisthorpe, Sir Edward Gower, Sir George Darcy, Sir Wm. and Sir Nich. Fairfax, Sir Wm. Maliore, Sir Ralph Bulmer, Sir Wm. Bulmer, Sir Stephen Hamerton, Sir John Dawney, Sir George Lawson, Sir Ric. Tempest, Sir Thos. Johnson, Sir Henry Gascoign, and other knights whom he does not remember, besides esquires of Yorkshire, as John of Norton, Ric. Norton, Roger Lassells, Mr. Place, Mr. Fulthorpe, Robert and Richard Bowes, Dalerever, Barton of Whynby, Ric. Lassells, Mr. Redman, Hamerton, Mr. Ralph Bulmer, Rither, Metham, Saltmarsh, Palmes, Aclom, Rudston, Plumton, Myddilton, Mallevere of Weddersome, and Allerton, with most of the gentlemen of the said shire and the sons and heirs of those who were absent. After each article was read and agreed to, fiat was written at the head. The articles were then declared to the commons, who agreed to every one. In like manner Aske took the opinion of the clergy, and next day sent 10 knights and esquires of every part of the country, each accompanied by three persons, to the duke of Norfolk at Doncaster to receive the King's answer, having received the King's safe conduct, delivered to them by the herald, to deliver the said particulars and discuss them openly. The said knights and esquires accordingly repaired again to Pomfret, and the Lords Scrope, Latymer, and Darcy, and the said Aske, accompanied by 300 knights, gentlemen, and commons from every quarter, repaired to Doncaster to the said Duke and earls.
	Next day, at the Grey Friars in Doncaster, the said Aske and lords chose 20 knights and esquires and as many commoners to go to the White Friars at Doncaster to the said Duke and earls. At their coming the said Aske, by consent of the lords and knights and in the name of them all, made three low obeisances, and all kneeling on their knees requested of the lords to have the King's free pardon for their offences. They then began to discuss the particulars of their petitions, and after order therein taken, by command of the Duke and earls, Aske went to the rest of the commons at the Grey Friars to declare it. Afterwards, by the Duke's desire, he went to Pomfret to the residue of the lords, knights, and commons there, viz., the lords Nevill, Lumley, and Conyers who were left for the staying of the commons, and early in the morning caused the bellman to warn the commons to come to the market cross and receive knowledge of the King's free pardon which they were to have under the Great Seal. The commons were very glad of it and gave a great shout, and Aske, accompanied by lord Nevill, returned in haste to Doncaster to the Duke and earls, declaring the effect of the premises. A letter immediately came from lord Lumley declaring the commons would not be content unless they saw the King's pardon under seal and that the abbot[s] new put in of houses suppressed should not avoid their possession to the Parliament time, and also that the Parliament should be at York or they would burn beacons and raise the whole country. This letter was displeasant to all the lords and worshipful men of both parts. The rumour proceeded of certain private commoners not yet known to the said Aske. After long debate, Aske desired leave to go to the said commons to Pomfret, who were about 3,000 men or more and persuaded them that same night to consent to abide the order at Doncaster. Thereupon he sent for the King's free pardon, which came the same night by Lancaster Herald. And next day all the lords and knights at Pomfret assembled on St. Thomas Hill outside the town and most lowly received the King's pardon and departed to their houses. Afterwards the said lords and knights by the Duke's command repaired to him at Doncaster where, after declaration of the premises, the Duke and earls desired answer of these articles following: 1. How the King should be answered of his rents and farms in Yorkshire. To which they replied they were ready for his Grace. 2. When delivery should be made of the ship, ordnance, and men taken at Scarborough. Replied that they were all ready to be delivered except the money, which was divided, to every soldier at the taking 3s. And after reasonable answer to other demands the said Aske making his obeisance and kneeling desired the Duke and lords of his part to request the lords of the North parts not to name him captain any longer; which being promised, he pulled off his badge and crosses with the Five Wounds, and in like manner did all the others there present, saying "We will all wear no badge nor sign but the badge of our sovereign lord." That done the Duke took order for the putting in of the King's farmers. After which the lords departed and Aske repaired to his brother's house, where he had not been since the beginning of the premises, and there remained still, all but one day when he went to Sir Robert Constable to meet Sir Ralph Ellerker for the putting in of the King's farmers into the abbeys of Haltenprice and Feryby, and also to make an end between the said Sir Robert and one Hodlow. And so he remained at his brother's house till the coming of the King's letter.
	Aske affirms, "to try to the death," that he was neither of counsel with lord Darcy nor to his knowledge spoke with him before he came to Pomfret Castle, nor shall it be proved that before his first taking he "patisshed" with any person. He says that in all parts of the realm men's hearts much grudge at the suppression of abbeys and the first fruits, which would be the destruction of religion in England, (fn. 5) and there is special grudge against lord Cromwell as the destroyer of the Commonwealth, and surely if he continue in favour it will endanger new commotions, "which will be very dangerous to your Grace's person;" for as far as Aske can see there is no man so ill-beloved, albeit, the said Aske saith the said lord Cromwell never gave him occasion thus to report of him, but he only declares the hearts of the people. Also most part of the realm greatly impugneth against certain bishops of the New Learning whom they regard as heretics and great causers of this late commotion, and also against the Lord Chancellor "for so general granting of injunctions and for playing of ambidexter in granting and dissolving of injunctions."
	Moreover he says that when he had taken Pomfret Castle and sworn the lords there, he would have yielded up his white rod and name of captain to the nobility there, but they refused and willed him to continue captain, as there was likely to be disdain among them if any of them had taken that office upon them.
	Pp. 18. Rough draft with marginal notes. Slightly mutilated.
	ii. "A brief ... ing whereby his Grace may a[tta]igne the hearts of his subjects in the North parts, and that before the coming down of the duke of Norfolk."
	1. To direct with Aske a proclamation declaring that the King is content his subjects in those parts shall have free election of the knights of the shire and burgesses, and like liberty to the spiritualty to show their learning and free mind in Convocation without the King's displeasure. 2. That he is content to confirm his pardon and reputes them as his true subjects. 3. That the duke of Norfolk will declare to them when and where the Parliament shall be. 4. That his Highness is content, as the shire of York is great and hath no burgesses except at Scarborough, that there shall be burgesses in Beverley, Ripon, Richmond, Pomfret, Wakefield, Skipton, and Kendal, provided they will declare at the coming of the duke of Norfolk what circuit will bear the charges of the burgesses.
	Also a letter should be written to lord Darcy to stay the country and West Riding about him, affirming the King's pardon before granted, and that he means to extend it to offices and fees. Like letters also to be written to Sir Robert Constable, to Sir Ralph Bulmer to stay Swadale, to Sir John Bulmer to stay Cleveland, to the earl of Westmoreland and Sir Thos. Hilton, to Mr. Richard Duket of Kendal ... to Sir John Townley, Sir Stephen Hamerton ....
	P. 1. In the same hand as the preceding. Mutilated. Endd: Liber qu[intus ?].
R. O.	2. Another copy of § i.
	Pp. 17. Endd.: "[R]emembr weale Ruddiston (?) letter."
R. O.	7. EDMUND PARKER to DARCY.
	"My lord, for news in Lancashire there is none but that my lord of [Derby is at ?] Latham and has kept a great Christmas, and with his guns and ston[es] the walls repaired and if there should fall any business. And of Setturdey [in Christ]mes week my lord Mownte Hegyll rode to my lord of Derby to [tell] my lord all Blaykeburne shire, Kendall and Craven ... country is in a readiness if any man would put howtte th[e monks] of Salley. My lord, my lord of Cumberland sent in Christmas wey[ke to] Sir Staven Hammertown to come speak with him, and he durst not [come] to him for fear he should have holden him, and there he sent Robert Te ... [his] servant to my lord of Northumberland to know his pleasure with him; [who] is answer was, We do not know my lord. My lord of Cumberland ha ... one of Harry Amarton sons, a man of law, and of (sic) Thomas Porter (?) of C ... Cowtte, and has set them in Skeypton Castle which grieves th[e comen]te ware sore (?). My lord Cleffur (Clifford) son to the earl of Cumberland rode ... Christmas week into Westmoreland and heard sakeryng of a messe ... Gylysweyke; and he had not made great haste a way the com[mons] had taken him, and said that he should have lassyd those presone[rs] that his father had taken; and said and he come again awder ny[ght or] day they would have him. My lord, in Kendal schurge (church) of New Y[ear's] Even the bailey of Kendal, one Wilson, would have read the Kyng[s pardon] in the schurghe, which the comente was sore aggrieved with him ... the schurghe door and said that he should die without they ha ... after the old fashion; and had not one parson Labron been, the baile[y had] been slain; and feared him so sore that he was fain to leave [the said] pardon in the revestry behind him or else he had be ... My lord, I beseke your lord (sic) be not miscontent with me if [I show your] lordship what their communing is in all this country ... marvel that master Sir George should ry[de] huppe at this ti[me] ... her waren feared that your lordship sch[ould]e with dra[w] yo[urself.] These are the news that I ka ... in all ther countries [at] this time bod All mighty Jesus ... f you—By your beadman, Edmund ...."
	Headed "viij." Very mutilated. Add. Endd.: "A letter from Edmund Parker to my lord Darcy"; and again to lord Darcy from Edm. Parker; and again by Darcy "Of Mr. Magnus letter and Woilsthorpe message that both of them and others comes with my lord of Northfolke. Item of Ric. Dakers at Kerlell and all (?) Wensladaill Richmundshir and be their (?) woilfulnes." (fn. 6)
1 Jan. R. O.	8. SIR RICHARD GRAYNFELD to CROMWELL.
	Sends a leash of falcons. There is much speech here in Calais, because the "alliantes" (aliens) of the town and marches shall be made denizens. Almost all true Englishmen think it injurious to the safety of the town, and not more than 100l. or 200l. profit to the King. There are 400 or 500 at least in the book, who, with their wives and children, will be not less than 6,000. All these will go upon the walls by day without controlment, and about the streets at night. They have already much more liberty than they used to have, because it is known to be the King's pleasure that they shall be denizens and as free as mere English men.
	This is a very poor town and many poor men in it. Grain and victual was never dearer. Not more than four or five herrings are to be sold for a penny for all the great plenty there was this year. Pity for the poor makes him write thus. Hopes his lordship will write some letter over to know what the occasion is, that some remedy may be provided for the sure victualling of the to[wn]. The clerk of the King's council here will shortly sue to Cromwell for patents for these denizens. He is an honest man and knows much. Cromwell can get information from him about this matter. Calais, 1 Jan. Signed.
	P. 2. Mutilated. Add.: Lord Privy Seal.
2 Jan.	9. MONASTERIES EXEMPTED from SUPPRESSION.
	See GRANTS in JANUARY, Nos. 3 and 4.
2 Jan. R. O.	10. SIR ANTHONY WYNGFELD to WRIOTHESLEY.
	Desires his favour to the bearer (fn. 7) The articles put forth against him to my lord Privy Seal on the 19 Dec. were laid before lord Wentworth and the writer, who were commanded to send up the examinations. Hopes the matter will at least be staid till the writer come to London within three days after Epiphany. Letheryngham, 2 Jan. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.
2 Jan. R. O.	11. RIC. BELLYSIS to the EARL OF WESTMORELAND.
	There are ill disposed persons hereabout who are purposed to make a great insurrection forthwith. The bearer will show him the deposition of an honest man. Awkland, 2 Jan.
	Hol., p. 1. Add. Endd.
2 Jan. Add. MS. 6113 f. 205. B. M.	12. JAMES V. in PARIS.
	"The manner of receiving of the Scottish king into Paris upon New Year's Even at afternoon, anno Regni R. Henr. VIII. xxviij."
	Description of the procession, in which 14 bishops and three cardinals took part. The Scotch king, riding a goodly horse, had a canopy of cloth of gold borne over his head through the streets to his lodging in the University. After him rode the Dolphyn and king of Navarn with a great sort of gentlemen. "He had that day or he entered a great stroke with a spear upon the left side of his head in danger of losing his life, &c., being a sore blemish in his face all this triumphing time."
	The morrow after, being New Year's Day, he came to the Bishop's palace where the King and Queen and his wife lay; and afterwards to Our Lady Church "upon a stage of great height. First the Sochyners w^t tumbrillis & flewetes befor thym, then befor y^e Scotysh gent. shamis & dyvers oder instrumentes"; then the 16 bishops, then the trumpeters with the guard, then 10 gentlemen bearing poleaxes, then 8 heralds, then 5 cardinals, then the Dolphyn with his brother, then the French king leading the Scottish king upon his right hand, then the bishop of Winchester and Mr. Wallop with three other noble men, then the Scottish queen led by the king of Navarre with a precious close crown of gold upon her head, and under it a coif of gold set with stones very precious with other sumptuous apparel according to her degree, then the French queen preciously attired, then the queen of Navarre with the Dolphyn's wife and his sister "with 3 goodly ladies in cloth of gold gorgeously decked following as waiters of the bride," then many other ladies of the Court. "The Cardinal and the archbishop of Borbayn" (fn. 8) married them with all ceremony. Then they dined at the Bishop's palace. At 6 o'clock they came to the King's palace to a great banquet. The Scottish king sat with his wife on one side and the French queen on the other. At one end of the board sat the bishop of Rome's ambassador with the bishop of Winchester and Mr. Wallop and the ambassador of Venice. At the other end sat the French king with ladies and other. The banquet done, "the Scottish king, the Dolphyn, and the cardinal of Lorayn came in masking, and danced a long time; then the Court brake up."
	The morrow after the Estates were newly attired and rode to a place called Tornellis whereas was jousting all day long. To reherse the names of those present needeth not; doubtless there was a very great number.
	P. 1. In a later hand.
3 Jan. R. O.	13. LORD LISLE to CROMWELL.
	Since his last letter by Henry Palmer, hears that 20 or 30 men of war armed, came yesterday into the King's Pale for three or four hours, saying they were ordered by Mons. de Biez, their captain, to take any Burgundians they found in the Pale as good prise, "which purpose doth nothing vary to his letters" sent by Palmer. There being certain gentlemen strangers here, who came to the town to make good cheer, caused them to be conducted by horsemen, as he was loath to see the Pale violated till he knew the King's pleasure. Unless some remedy is provided, it will grow to a great incommodity to this town, both for victuallers, merchants, and others. If we must suffer one, we must suffer both. Calais, 3 Jan. Signed.
	P. 1. Add: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
3 Jan. Poli Epp. II. 9.	14. GEO. SELVA bp. of La Vaur to CARD. POLE.
	Pole is right in judging that the writer is of a nature little prone to suspicion. Was glad to hear of his promotion by the copy of his letters to the marchioness of Pescara, which he now returns. Cannot write more as he was informed rather late of this messenger's departure. Venice, 3 non. Jan. 1536.
	Lat.
4 Jan. R. O. c.'s Works, 332.	15. CRANMER to CROMWELL.
	Reminds him that he wrote to Sir John Champenes, then lord mayor of London, (fn. 9) in favour of Cranmer's servant, Jas. Arnold, for the office of swordbearer, when next vacant. Asks him to write again, as the swordbearer is in danger of death and not likely to escape. Arnold has sustained no small pains in journeys beyond sea with Cranmer, the bp. of Harforth, Mr. Eliot and Mr. Hethe. Forde, 4 Jan. Signed.
	P. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.
4 Jan. R. O.	16. JOHN EARL OF OXFORD to CROMWELL.
	Since my coming home, there have been reported to me certain words spoken by Marmaduke Nevell, brother to lord Latimer, who has been among the rebellious in the North. At my desire the gentlemen who heard the words have certified me by their writing, enclosed. George Colt, esquire, showed me at Christmas certain reports made by the same Marmaduke at his house, i.e., every third man of the Southern army was theirs, they knew the decisions of the King and his Council sooner than the duke of Norfolk, and "the Act of uses should stand to none effect." Marmaduke is in my house; he came this morning without sending for, and I stay him here till I know the King's pleasure and yours. 4 Jan. Signed: John Oxynford.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd.: Rec. 5 Jan.
4 Jan. R. O.	17. WM. LORD SANDYS to CROMWELL.
	I thank you for your goodness at this time of my servant Clutton's late awaiting upon you concerning Henry Palmer's suits. Complains bitterly that in his old age, upon the information of so base a person as Palmer, he should lose any authority. The offices of vice-bailey of Guisnes, serjeant royal, and of the foresters are of no advantage to him, but have always belonged to the captainship. Incurred the displeasure of the duke of Norfolk, lord William Howard and others for the man who thus tries to injure him. Marvels that a commission should be issued to inquire of anything touching him (the writer), and that none should have authority therein but the deputy of Calais and other his enemies. Encloses certificate of the examinations they have taken as it was sent to him. Begs Cromwell to order the matter, and that he may enjoy his office at Guisnes as other captains before him.
	Thanks Cromwell for his son, John Sandis, whom he sent up to present his New Year's gifts to the King: "and how it chanced I know not, but, as he saith, he could not come to the sight of the King." If he knew his son had used himself otherwise than a true servant, would disown him. At the Vyne, 4 Jan. Signed.
	Pp. 3. Add.: Lord Privy Seal. Endd. Sealed.
R. O.	2. Articles on which these persons following were examined by the lord deputy of Calais, the knight marshal, the knight porter, Sir Robt. Wingfield, and the mayor of Calais by "virtue of such commission as Henry Palmer, under bailey of Guisnes, did purchase in England."
	Thos. Lawrence, constable of Guisnes Castle, says the King makes the high bailey, and the captain of Guisnes the vice-bailey of Guisnes. In his time, Sir Jas. Tyrrell, when captain, made Hugh Towneley, one of the three foresters. vice-bailey. Mr. Vauxe put out Towneley and made Davy Preston vice-bailey, and, on Preston's death, appointed Ric. Windebancke. My lord Chamberlain put out Windebancke and appointed deponent, Thos. Lawrence, and afterwards put out Lawrence and made Hugh Pole vice-bailey. The vice-baileys were always of the retinue of Guisnes Castle. The serjeant royal was always appointed by the captain. Sir James Tyrrell made Henry Gold, soldier, serjeant royal. When Tyrrell was put to death for treason, Sir Sampson Norton, having charge of the Castle, put out Gold and appointed Maikin Andreton for life. On Andreton's death Captain Vauxe appointed Thos. Uske. Then the present lord Admiral became captain and put out Uske and appointed Barnard Grete, who remained serjeant royal until the lord Chamberlain became captain and appointed Hugh Pole. When Pole was made vice-bailey the lord Chamberlain gave the office to another of the retinue. The custody of the gaol at Guisnes belonged only to the serjeant royal. The captain has always had the selling of all booty brought to Guisnes; it had to remain 24 hours in the town before being sold, to the intent it might be perfectly known as good "prins," as is the custom in wars between France and Flanders.
	John Corson, John Bradfeld, and Hen. Baye confirmed the above.
	Understand that the commissioners abovesaid, by the report of John Massingberd, Henry Ledar, and other malevolents of this castle, have avowched that the same offices ought not to be given by the said captain, by reason of a grant under the Great Seal unto Thos. Pounde and to Hugh Towneley and others, then Henry VII.'s farmers of the county of Guisnes. Their grant and lease was made so large, enabling them to appoint officers, on purpose to constrain Sir James Tyrrell, then captain, to come to England to complain, just before he was put in the Tower, for there was no other way of getting him into England. When the lease was expired the farmers were discharged, and Sir Nic. Vaux appointed captain with like powers as other captains before him.
	Pp. 3.
4 Jan. R. O.	18. THOMAS LAMPLIEWGH, of Dovenby, to PETER MEDLETON.
	My wife, Elizabeth my daughter, and my other children send recommendations. The tenants of Broughton, on Saturday last, put the threshers of Sir Thomas Wharton out of "teyth laythe" (the tithe lathe or barn), of Broughton, and set a lock on the door, and yesterday your tenants did the same to your threshers at Talentire. Whereupon I sent for the bailiff and four sworn men, i.e., Robt. Dogeson, Wheylwright, Whyte, and Nicolson, who came to me to-day and agreed to take off the lock and allow 14 days to see how the country ruled; but meantime your other tenants had gone to the barn and divided the corn amongst them. Remedy must needs be had at the law or by the law as you think best. I hear they will do the same to-day or to-morrow at Broughton, Eglisffeld, and Ceton, "but your tenants are the first that I hear of contrary their promise unto you and me to suffer eight days after other occupied in the country." If I would have meddled for you they uttered me plainly that 2,000 would take their part against me. I intended to have written by Wm. Lambert. There is like to be as ill a world in this country as ever was. Dovenby, Thursday, 4 January. Signed in the same hand as the text.
	P.S.—Commend me to my master your father and Mr. Thomas your brother.
	In his own hand: I learn that John Dogeson has broken his son William's head for meddling at the barn on his behalf, and has, together with one Wm. Watson, refused to take any part in their acts. I shall send word to my lord Warden and his deputies at Carlisle and to my cousin Aglanby whom the commons here dread most of all this country. This Friday at night. "All on this side of the pawper by me, the said Thomas Lampliewgh."
	Pp. 2. Add.: Cousin. Endd.
4 Jan. R. O.	19. THE MONKS of the CHARTERHOUSE next COVENTRY to CROMWELL.
	Touching a priest named Sir Thomas Kendall, who came to them saying that he came from Oxford, and was beneficed within three miles of Colchester, and desired to be received into their religion. They communicated with the prior, who was then at London, and declined to receive him, but he remained "using" physic within the city and in the country, sometimes lodging in their house, and sometimes in the city. He sent writings without our knowledge to certain men of Lowth by a messenger of ours, which were shown to the Duke's deputy at Lincoln, who sent men to our house on Christmas Eve, and took the priest while we were at rest. Protest their entire innocence. The Charterhouse next Coventry, 4 Jan. Signed "per me Joh'em Tod seniore[m], _ per me Robertu[m] Bulde, _ per me Will[ia]m, Abell, _ per me Thoma[m] Corbyn, _ per me Ricu[m] Appulby, _ per me Thoma[m] Letherbarow, _ per me Joh[ann]em Tod juniore[m], _ per me Richardu[m] Sclat~, _ per me Joh[ann]em Berdon, _ per me Richardu[m] Wall, _ per me Richardu[m] Craftys."
	P. 1. Add.: Privy Seal. Endd.
5 Jan. R. O.	20. ABP. LEE to [DARCY].
	"[My ve]rye good lord, such news as [I] have received from London [ye shal]l have. Divers of my friends write to me, that both [the Par]liament and Coronation shall be at [Yo]rke at Michaelmas next [to co]me, insomuch that my lord of Northfolche hath [told] one of my agents that I must make ready my ... ce at Yorke. Robert Ask hath had both good words and [good cou]ntenance as they write to me.
	... servant met with Robt. Bowes this morning towards ... he was sent for.
	... letter from the King's Highness [the]s vj days past, for ... stion of the xth. And thus [my] verie good lord fare... heartily well. From Cawod in haste this vth [day of] Januarie 1536. Your own assured." Signed: "Edouarde Ebor."
	Mutilated. One side gone. Add.: "[M]y lord... es his [good l]ordship."
R. O.	21. [HENRY VIII. to ABP. LEE.]
	"Most reverend father in God," &c. Has seen his letters to Shrewsbury expressing doubt and scruple conceived on receipt of [the King's] letters for the "leviation" of the tenth due at Christmas last. Marvels thereat, because:—(1.) After his clemency to his subjects there, if they detained what is so justly due it would show too much ingratitude. (2.) The matter touches only the clergy, and if they should attempt new commotions rather than pay, it would show the hollowness of their hearts, and force the King to devise means for the preservation of his right, "yea, and the punishment of them." (3.) Marvels at the abp.'s doubts, for the first part of his office is only to demand the tenth; when the parties refuse payment the King must take the remedy provided by law, and doubts not but that others of their robe will gladly enter into their rooms and pay their dues. Wherefore the abp. is to proceed to demand the said first tenth in such a way that there may ensue no other inconvenience than a denial of payment by persons charged, whose names, in that case, must be sent to the King.
	Pp. 3. In Wriothesley's hand. Endd.: Minute to the bp. of York.
5 Jan. R. O.	22. Bp. TUNSTALL to CROMWELL.
	Received, on the 4th, Cromwell's letter of the 24th Dec. commanding him to repair to the King. That same evening received Cromwell's other letter of the 6th December, which has been delayed, explaining the cause why he is wanted. In both Cromwell advises him to foresee to keep out of the hands of those who trouble these parts. Has, with much agony of mind, considered how to accomplish the King's pleasure. Sees difficulties which he cannot resolve, and sends his servant to explain. Norham, 5 Jan.
	Hol., p. 1. Add.: my lord Privy Seal. Endd.
5 Jan. R. O.	23. JOHN HUSEE to LORD LISLE.
	Has received his letter of 23 Dec. and one to Mr. Onley, who wondered your lordship should write to him that he had made complaints of you. Husee said he had written to Lisle only of his importunate demand for money. At last he said he would gladly have the tun of wine; and it will be received for all his high looks. Mr. Rolles and I have written you our advice as to your patent concerning the fee simple; but we will follow the contents of your last letter if you please. There are not three patents out of such gifts in perpetuity, for every man tarrieth for precedents of others. Explains a point about the remainder to heirs of the viscount Lisle. Delivered his New Year's gifts to the King's own hand, and showed how my lady had sped, which you both attributed to your satisfaction in seeing the King at Dover. He was very glad, and wished my lady a son. Divers of the Northern men are in the Court, and it is said there will briefly be an assembly of peers. My lord Comptroller and my lady send commendations, and hope to see your lordship soon at Calais. He has no great hope to be rid here according to his mind. He has been very sick, but is now well. Was with Mr. Treasurer at my lord Privy Seal's, but hitherto there is small comfort of money, and he knows not when to be despatched. The marquis of Exeter has sent to Husee divers times for answer of his letter; and so has Morgan for his warrant. The surveyor is not yet come from the country. My lord of Norfolk is ridden this day to Norfolk, and goes, within 10 days, northward to keep house in York. Aske is ridden this day northwards with most haste, but the matter is kept secret. Some think the Scotch ambassadors labour for a licence for the Scotch King and his Queen to pass through the realm; but so many lies are told that one does not know what to believe. London, 5 Jan.
	Hol., pp. 2. Add.
5 Jan. Poli Epp. II. 1.	24. ANDREA GRITTI, Doge of Venice, to CARD. POLE.
	Congratulates him (whom he has always thought much of) upon his promotion as a cardinal. Credence for Laur. Bragadeno. Ducal Palace, 5 Jan. 1536. (fn. 10)
	Latin.
Poli Epp. II. 2.	25. CARD. POLE to ANDREA GRITTI, Doge of Venice.
	Heard the congratulations which poured in to him upon his promotion to the cardinalate with a touch of sadness—the voice of his own country being absent. But when Laur. Bragadeno brought the congratulations of Gritti and the Senate, it was like the longed-for voice of his own country, and he felt himself entirely exhilarated. No wonder that it seemed like the voice of his own country since he has spent nearly the most and the best part of his life with them. Protests he is and will always continue grateful to them. Rome, 1537.
	Lat.