N

Naensen, Nanzem [Westphalia, German Empire], rheingrave of Salm goes to, 185.

Naglebome or Clonitrec, Dutch navy, taken in battle, 152.

Namur [Prov. Namur, Belgium], Castel Rodrigo goes to, to meet imperial troops, 181.

Nanzem. See Naensen.

Napier, Sir John, disputed election return, 16n.

Nassau, Louis of, herr van Beverwaart, Beververt, command of troops given to, 71.

-, John Maurice of:

to have chief command against Munster, 176, 183; cavalry sent to frontier under, 179; says Brandenburg will let Dutch have 20,000 men, 180.

going to Zwol, 183, 185; strength of force under, 201; blockades Borkelo, 240; dissatisfaction with, goes to justify proceedings, 244.

-, William II of, prince of Orange, 221.

-, William III of, prince of Orange:

Charles guardian of, 10, 15; takes up cause of, 15; reply about Orange unacceptable to, 21.

Zeeland expected to be embarassed by interests of, 88; revolt at Leyden in favour of, 158.

English mean to re-establish, as enemy of France, 167; a cause of distraction and weakness with his party, 176; re-establishment a necessary preliminary to peace, 194, 212.

Oudart councillor of, 179; French mediators say nothing about, 220.

proposal to make captain general and send to London to negotiate peace, 221.

navy, the royal fleet:
-, Tripoli pirate ships kept in port for fear of, 23; king urges arming of 45 more ships, 24; seventeen ships equipped at Portsmouth, 28.
-, ships being busily equipped, 26; Sandwich goes to take command of, in Downs, 30–1.
-, king goes to Portsmouth to review, 31; in Downs, waiting for Dutch, 41.
-, commands of York and Rupert in, 31; strength and distribution of, 44.
-, squadron sent to Guinea coast, 33–4; sixteen ships leave Tilbury, 46.
-, squadron sent northwards, to protect fishing, 34; largest ships preparing for the king, 48.
-, danger of encounter with Dutch in Channel, 42; Rupert in Downs with 17 ships, 48.
-, volunteers for in great numbers, 46; 500 from Scotland, 47; stops ships from Garonne, 53.
-, numbers of ships available, 51; squadrons under Rupert and Sandwich, 56; York with, at Portsmouth, 59.
-, will not move far from England till complete, 59; disposition of, 60.
-, the most formidable ever sent to sea, 59; waiting for Dutch to sail, to go against, 61.
-, orders for building more ships, 59–60; continually strengthened, 63.
-, wonderful effect of York on completing establishment of, 61; to be united under York, 66.
-, king asks parliament for money to maintain, 62; Dutch merchantmen will have difficulty in avoiding, 65.
-, 1665:
-,-, squadron ordered to north against privateers, 75; 4 frigates expected in Britanny, 83.
-,-, numbers of ships, guns and crews, 76; soldiers being recruited for, 87; merchantmen armed for, 92.
-,-, Banckert retired before, 83; Banckert looked for, without finding, 86.
-,-, Zeeland can force English to detach ships from, 86; Sandwich with squadron off Dutch coast, 87.
-,-, king frequently at Portsmouth to view, 91; great activity in equipping and augmenting, 92.
-,-, king goes to give final orders to, 92; number of ships at sea, 95; anticipated strength of, 102.
-,-, fast day for blessing on fleets, 96, 106; Dutch have ships capable of meeting best units of, 100.
-,-, York's orders awaited for rendezvous, 99; ships leave ports for rendezvous, 102.
-,-, one frigate successfully engages five Dutch ships, 102; squadron reported gone after Ruyter, 107.
-,-, soldiers arriving for service in, 102–3; Rupert goes to join, 105.
-,-, frigates bring in suspected ships, for judgment, 102; two frigates defeat two Dutch, 112.
-,-, divided into squadrons, commanders, 105; supplies embarked for, from Dover, 106.
-,-, confidence in, 105; manned solely by natives, 109, 146; in good fettle, 110.
-,-, Holles unaware of plans, 105; York remains on board, severe discipline, 115.
-,-, Dutch expected to avoid encounter with, 106; Opdam ordered to go and seek, 107, 113.
-,-, Dutch think cost of will prevent king from keeping up, 106; complete with sailors and soldiers, 123.
-,-, augmented by new frigates and merchantmen, 106; steadily increasing in numbers, 110, 115.
-,-, sailing straight for Holland, 109, 120; Dutch believe to be near, 113.
-,-, French ambassadors wished to prevent sailing, 114; main body sighted off Dutch coast, 119.
-,-, 3 frigates sent to Dutch coast, as challenge, burn lighthouses, 115; squadron in chase of Ruyter, 120.
-,-, two prizes useful for service in, 116; prizes brought in by, 121, 123, 124.
-,-, reported design against Emden, 119; appears in Dutch waters, 122, 125; York sends squadron to reconnoitre, 123.
-,-, frigates sail from Portsmouth to join, 121; French ambassadors taken to see reserve, 124.
-,-, reported encounter of 5 frigates with Smyrna fleet, 123; news from, 125; York thinks of withdrawing and steering north, 126; Dutch mean to attack, 127, 130; Dutch ordered to go and fight, 133–4; Dutch sailors eager to fight, 136.
-,-, ships from La Rochelle caught in midst of, 127; squadrons sent out to raid Dutch coast, 132.
-,-, Finch to do what needed for, at Florence, 128.
-,-, withdraws to Harwich road, 130, 132; withdrawn in confusion and divided, 134.
-,-, Dutch likely to be fearful of, 132; Dutch go to reconnoitre, 134.
-,-, Dutch belief in cowardice in, 137; one frigate successfully engages two Dutchmen, by courage of crew, captain degraded, 146–7.
-,-, reported in action, and a Dutch victory, 138; cost of victory, 145, 148–50; Dutch rejoicings at report of defeat, 150.
-,-, complete victory of, 138; account of, 139, 144–6; only 44 sail engaged in main action, 146.
-,-, reasons for superiority of ships over Dutch, 146; still pursuing, 149; reported loss in second fight, 151–2.
-,-, York receiver I captains after victory, suspicion of old Commonwealth officers, 151.
-,-, particulars of captures and achievements, in battle, 152; great exertions at repairs, likely to be ready to sail soon, 162.
-,-, Tuscan measures of defence against, 153; York has left, 209.
-,-, Spaniards hope that may be seriously crippled by battle, even if victorious, 153; confident of beating Dutch again, 164.
-,-, York hastening to get out to sea again, 155: Rupert returns to, 162.
-,-, stops French ships going to Ostend, 155; question of flag, with French, 165.
-,-, stationed off Yarmouth, 162; only waiting for wind, 163; king wished Sandwich to have command, 164.
-,-, king appoints three equal commanders for, 164; squadrons cruising about, 167, 174.
-,-, Beaufort would like to pay respects to, 165; unlikely to meet Ruyter, 166; or ships from Indies and Smyrna, 167.
-,-, main fleet before Texel strong enough to prevent Dutch coming out, 167; reported off Vlie, 172; reported at sea again, 174.
-,-, Monk going on board, for expedition to Friesland, 169; Penn to command until Sandwich comes, 179.
-,-, in permanence off Texel, 173–4; Dutch will come out as soon as withdraws, 178; withdrawn from Dutch coast, 182.
-,-, danger of plague spreading to, 175; diligence of king in sending supplies to, 187.
-,-, disposition of squadrons, 179; supposed engagement with Ruyter, 182.
-,-, Dutch fleet going out to fight, 183, 185, 187; Dutch will fight if opposes bringing in merchantmen from Norway, 184.
-,-, Guiche reports another defeat of Dutch by, 187; reported in bad condition, at Harwich, 189, 195.
-,-, proceeding to Bergen to blockade Dutch merchantmen, 187; repulse at Bergen, 188, 193, 209; no second attack by, 198; French will rejoice at failure, 200.
-,-, likely to have trouble to get to sea again in year, 189, 195; good health on board, 190; short of men, 198.
-,-, probably withdrawn for refitting, 193; news of received by Dutch fleet, 196; only returned for necessaries, 197.
-,-, Dutch fleet to go out and challenge, 197, 199, 204, 210; Dutch return without seeing, 202; derisory skits about in Holland, 205.
-,-, at Solebay, refitting, 198; out in great storm, returns to Solebay, much damaged, 202–3.
-,-, dissensions in and heavy cost, 200.
-,-, capture of two convoys by, 203, 205–6, 208; captures 35 ships in all, 211.
-,-, supposed to have returned to Texel, 204; false reports about in Paris, 205.
-,-, narrow escape of van Nes from, 205; report at Florence of defeat by Ruyter, 209–10.
-,-, not in a general engagement, 205; report of battle and victory at Paris, 206–7.
-,-, campaign not over till returned to port, 210; king orders rearming, in response to Dutch action, 217; busy preparing, 218.
-,-, reported off Margate, 210; Dutch fleet sails with intention to engage, 215; can no longer hazard engagement, 221.
-,-, mostly disarmed and kept in Thames, 226.
-,-, squadrons sent out to intercept Dutch merchantmen, 227; Montagu sails with squadron for Tangier, 240.
-, 1666:
-,-, frigates cut out merchantmen at Dunkirk, 247–8; attempted surprise of Honfleur, 248.
-,-, announced that 300 ships will be ready in spring, 250; new ones building and old repairing, 269.
-,-, York sighted off Dunkirk, 263; ten Barbary ships added to, 292.
-,-, Charles writes of strength of, 275; allied fleet quite capable of confronting, 280.
-,-, cruising in Channel, eighty strong, 292; Smith handed over convoy of merchantmen to, 298.
-,-, short of sailors, provisions and cash, 292; Dutch send to Dogger Bank against squadron of, 293.
-, fleet under Lawson:
-,-, arrived at Lisbon, 2; lands Fanshaw and proceeds to Algiers, 3; expected at Algiers, 14.
-,-, Cogill sends news of, at Algiers, 17; six ships left to blockade port, 18; news of from Florence, 18–9; more ships for blockade, 31.
-,-, reported reverse against Dutch, 31–2; returned to England, saluted by Dutch, 48.
-, squadron under Allen:
-,-, attacks Smyrna convoy, at Cadiz, 74, 77; ordered to go against Ruyter, 74; sails away to a distance, 78; arrives home in excellent condition, 99.
-, squadron under Smith:
-,-, fear of attack on Toulon by, 248; appears in bay of Cadiz, 248n, 256.
-,-, Holles says is scouring Mediterranean, 258; rumours of battle with French, 260.
-,-, cruising beyond the Strait, 260; Vendôme to make every effort to engage, 263.
-,-, reports of, but not seen, 264; pope's fear of, 268; many prizes taken by, 285.
-,-, provisions laid in for, at Leghorn, 271; provisions to be sold, 287.
-,-, leaves Cadiz for Strait, 276; reported that Beaufort to go and fight, 277.
-,-, talk of more ships joining, 276–7; report of encounter with 12 French ships, 285.
-,-, Finch to live at Leghorn when arrives, 284; no longer expected there, 287.
-,-, no frigates seen for weeks, supposed to have sailed for England, 291; at Lisbon, 292.

negroes, taken from Barbadoes to Jamaica, 25.

Nemours, duke of. See Charles Amadeus.

-, princess of. See Marie of Nemours.

Neoburgh. See Philip William, duke of Neuburg.

Nes, Aert van, Dutch Vice Admiral, narrow escape from English fleet, 205.

Netherlands, Dutch, Holland, States, United Provinces:
-, Cromwell made reprisals before declaring war on, 42; Portuguese will not admit inferiority to, in negotiating, 241.
-, 1664:
-,-, wealth envied, claims against, 2; Medina says England ready to break with over Indies trade, 9.
-,-, put hindrances in way of Guinea company, 2; parliament institutes inquiry into grievances against, 11; becoming the chief question, 15.
-,-, help for emperor will depend on England, 6–7; will face war rather than submit to reprisals, busily arming, 11; busily preparing to resist and uphold rights, 18; arming at sea, 20, 24, 28.
-,-, suspicious of negotiations of Sehested, 12; Denmark unsheathes claims against, 24.
-,-, prosperity of, cause of English attitude to, 15; Charles inclined to come to terms with, 19; rely on king's generosity, 20.
-,-, merchants lay grievances against before parliament, 15; estimate of injuries inflicted by, 18.
-,-, strengthen forces against Munster, 17; pressure of Denmark on, 30; pretensions of Denmark and Sweden against, 32.
-,-, decision to send ambassadors to England, 20; affair with quickly quieting down, 21.
-,-, France would like to see at war with England, 21; divers reports about rupture or accommodation with, 26.
-,-, pressure to induce Charles to move against, 24; Charles inclined to composition with, 25–6.
-,-, policy of to treat fully armed, 24; prepared for all emergencies, 27.
-,-, trade with Guinea despite opposition of, 26; stirred by capture of Cape Verde and operations in Guinea, 28.
-,-, Downing confers with king about relations with, 26; hopes that relations with tending to adjustment, 28; declaration setting forth case of, 29.
-,-, disposed to make accommodation with corsairs, 29; cannot trust their word, 30.
-,-, naval and financial strength of, 30.
-,-, Charles complains of naval arming of, 30, 33; Charles wishes to settle amicably with, 31; Charles has no intention of attacking, 32.
-,-, may have to submit to outlay of money, for peace, 30; hopes that peace at hand with, 31; not relying on fair words of Charles, 41.
-,-, English mean to drive out of Guinea, 32; further hostilities with, in Guinea, 33–4.
-,-, Venice interested in affair with England, 32; affairs with England in the balance, 34.
-,-, French offer of mediation to and with, 33, 44; looking to see what France will do, 42.
-,-, spare no efforts to make themselves strong, 35; deliberating how to prevent English taking Guinea, 38.
-,-, trouble with petty princes in Indies and with king of China, 35; steps to provide funds for war, 47.
-,-, plague reduces trade to great straits, many of the gentry leave, 35; plague helps by inducing soldiers and sailors to serve, 39.
-,-, not to advantage of Charles to make war on but he might take advantage of winter to renew claims against, 39; sharp reply of Charles to van Gogh about naval preparations of, 44.
-,-, Downing presents plan for peaceful conduct of trade in Indies, 41; proposal to France to expel from Guinea and divide up trade, 42.
-,-, accept French mediation, 42; determined not to yield but will do everything before coming to rupture, 52.
-,-, hostilities with likely to begin in Guinea, 43; or over salute to flag, 45.
-,-, present schedule of injuries received from English, 44; determined to withstand injuries inflicted in Africa and America, 47–8.
-,-, Holles hopes dispute with will be amicably settled, 44–5; says they are toning down, 45; on road to accommodation, 46.
-,-, hastening the building and arming of more ships, 45, 51–2.
-,-, moving rapidly towards a rupture, 47; Charles prepared to put to sea against, 48.
-,-, determined to resist affronts of English, 49; reported intention to abandon Guinea, to avoid war, 51.
-,-, English expelled from New Belgium, 49; try to injure English through Moors, 52.
-,-, waiting for the word to drive English out of E. Indies, 50; anxiety about Smyrna fleet, 58.
-,-, indignation against Opdam for staying in port, 52; displeased at withdrawal of fleet, 65.
-,-, war with England will unite all provinces, 52; defensive war by English worst for, 53.
-,-, emperor beginning to threaten, 52; good understanding with France will render emperor's plans vain, 69.
-,-, Austria trying for alliance with, 52, 56, 72.
-,-, will not do anything to give umbrage to France, 53; English efforts to detach France from, 57.
-,-, Denmark considers aggressors against English, 53; Charles means to get satisfaction from, 59.
-,-, France bound to assist, by alliance, 53; Comenge to inform Charles of French obligation to support, 57–8.
-,-, will not discuss satisfaction for ships before restitution of Cape Coast and New Belgium, 56.
-,-, arrangement with Denmark and Sweden to stop supplies to, 59; safe with Sweden and not on bad terms with Denmark, 63.
-,-, peace or war with depends on Guinea, 61; chief affairs of referred to secret committee, 62.
-,-, England will not attack if France really means to interpose, 62; France has chances to win for ever, 63.
-,-, Beuninghen to inform Louis of position and demand the promised help, 62–3, 68; to ask Louis to declare in favour of, 64.
-,-, without French help will have to come to terms with England, 63, 67; count on French help, 68.
-,-, Scots declare they do not want war with, 63; parliament votes money for war with, 65, 73.
-,-, Charles has ships arrested because will not do him right, 66; deny taking of English ships, 68.
-,-, measures to secure safety of shipping, 66; Estrades working to settle differences of with German princes and Malta, 72.
-,-, in strong position to wage and continue war, 67; measures taken by, 68–9.
-,-, English forced to make war on, to save trade, 68; will not resolve on hostilities till France has declared herself, 71.
-,-, will shut out English from E. Indies, 68–9; disposition to make treaty with Venice, 72.
-, 1665:
-,-, England trying to move emperor and German princes against, 74; Allen sails to harass trade of, 78.
-,-, Sweden ready to fulfil obligations to, 74–5; Spain hopes war will force to closer union with them, 78.
-,-, Leghorn trade threatened by quarrel with England, 76; war with England likely to be profitable to Spain, 77; Spain unwilling to let succumb, 78.
-,-, put France in a troublesome dilemma, 78; France will keep treaty with, 82; estranged by hesitations of France, 83.
-,-, Charles will need money for war with, 81; spread false rumours in London, 83.
-,-, Provinces truly united and of one mind, 82; cannot give way except at great disadvantage, 84; Downing misled Charles about divisions in, 88.
-,-, policy towards Flanders, 83; Spaniards build entirely on success of, 85; great resources of, 86.
-,-, will come to terms with England if France delays decision, 83; Louis cannot abandon, 85.
-,-, king thanks parliament for vote for war with, 83: king always reluctant to break with, 85; truce contrary to interests of, 86.
-,-, Denmark expected to unite with, 85; speculation about French mission to mediate peace with, 86–7.
-,-, passion roused against by false report of cruelty, 85–6, 90.
-,-, still hopes of peace with, 86; party in Council favours peace with, 87.
-,-, Charles suspected of quarrelling with, to get money, 87, 89; Charles issues declaration against, 89; war declared on, 90.
-,-, Sandwich off coast, with fleet, 87; English expect will soon tire of war, 91.
-,-, Louis making no effort to stop war with England, 87; realising no help to be expected from France, 88; not convinced of good intentions of Louis, 95.
-,-, cannot trust interests to Verneuil and Courtin, 88; cannot refuse French mediation, 90.
-,-, Sweden's answer to, about alliance, 88–9; France and Denmark will carry out alliance with, 92.
-,-, Charles unlikely to seek reconciliation with, except on very advantageous terms, 89; he means to press with utmost vigour, 92.
-,-, parliament irritated by treatment of claims for reparation, 91; English will devote all their energies against, 95.
-,-, agreement between France and England would threaten seriously, 93; not uneasy about French embassy to England, 95.
-,-, call for execution of treaty with France, 95; get no advantage from French declarations, 100.
-,-, day of fast for success in war with, 96; declaration of war with published, 98.
-,-, losing heavily, without fighting, 97; English hope for trade advantage by humiliation of, 98.
-,-, English warn Hanse towns against communicating with, 97; Allen brings in booty taken from, 99.
-,-, Ostend convenient for blockading by sea, 99; great inclination of English for war with, 106.
-,-, sale of goods of forbidden, 99; will follow English example in confiscating goods in neutral ships, 100.
-,-, do not believe Charles more inclined to peace than parliament, 99; English make extravagant demands of, 104, 110.
-,-, Charles displeased with Downing for misleading him about, 99; French hesitation may lead to make terms, 105.
-,-, likely to regret treatment of France, 101; no hope that French will fulfil contract of alliance, 105.
-,-, Denmark recalls subjects from, 101; not building on Amerongen's negotiations, 104.
-,-, want Estrades to intervene in their favour, 101; French seem to wish to drive to desperation, 107.
-,-, Charles inspiring subjects to fight, 102; York proposes to blockade, 106.
-,-, refuse workmen to Denmark for building warships, 104; Neuburg refuses levies to, 108; all neighbours refuse levies to but still made, 113, 119.
-,-, confidence in ability to face English, 107; Spanish opinion of French policy to, 108; Spain may easily side with England against, 111.
-,-, Sweden has done nothing contrary to treaties with, 107; many foreigners in service of, 109.
-,-, York sailing straight for, 109, 115, 120: English sighted off coasts, 113; York means to enter one of ports, 118; English fleet sighted off, 119.
-,-, to avoid battle means ruin of, 109; would have trouble to get in taxes if English not attacked, 113.
-,-, did ill to provoke Charles, 109; libels on Charles by, 110.
-,-, will not be first to speak of peace, 111, 114; released from promise about mediation, 112; not ready for an armistice, 113.
-,-, measures to prevent English landing in, 113; landing impossible, 114; English sail along coast and destroy lighthouses, 115; coasts raided, 132.
-,-, reported cruelties of Holmes against, 114; disinclined to give satisfaction to England, 122.
-,-, mediation impossible without reparation from, 115; suspicion of France, 118; dissatisfaction with French attitude, 119; will insist on fulfilment of treaty, 127.
-,-, Spain fears consequences of defeat of, 117–8; Castel Rodrigo moving to bring over to his side, 131.
-,-, terms of, for an accommodation, 119–20; French believe have secret treaty with Charles, 121; no secret understanding with England, 122.
-,-, Charles means to prosecute war against, with vigour, 120; English aim to break up shipping of, 121; planning for safety of merchant fleets, 125.
-,-, result of fleet action will always be advantageous to, 126; showing more determination than was thought possible, 130.
-,-, Finch to protect English interests against at Leghorn, 128; ships with goods for to be confiscated, 131.
-,-, Charles waiting to hear proposals of, waiting to hear royal views, 130; clamour of people forces to seek issue in battle, 132.
-,-, French policy with, as regards Spain, proving fallacious, 131; French ambassadors can get no hope of adjustment with, 132; Denmark will not declare against, 157.
-,-, not pleased with French ambassadors' mediation, 134; given up hope of French mediation or succour, 136, 147.
-,-, Estrades asks leave to buy two ships of, 134.
-,-, public opinion of alienated from France, 137, 149; can always find way to come to terms with England, 141.
-,-, will not make war on Turk for benefit of others, 137; Sweden offended with for treatment of ships, 144.
-,-, measures taken to repair defeat, 138; France considering obligation to assist, 143.
-,-, France urges peace with, after victory, 143, 147; may decide to make peace without mediation, 148.
-,-, dependence on Ruyter, 144, 175; hoped to end the war at a stroke, 153.
-,-, Louis speaks of pledge to help, 147; France will suffer from defeat of, 148.
-,-, cannot overlook Verneuil celebrating victory, 148; no fear of faction dividing, 157.
-,-, Spaniards deny all succour to, by the Meuse, 148; no one has any sympathy with, 149.
-,-, wine and salt made contraband because of shortage in, 149.
-,-, determination to resist to the end, 149; rejoicings over victory turned to fury and grief, 150; Spaniards criticise for risking all on battle, 153.
-,-, Commonwealth officers in navy suspected of understanding with, 151.
-,-, in event of victory of, Louis meant to land troops in England, 151; Louis has edict ratified which looks like fresh treaty with, 156.
-,-, Evertsen roughly handled by people of, 151.
-,-, negotiations in Spain for alliance against, 153; only power capable of hindering Spain from closer alliance with England, 157.
-,-, Spanish interests require success of, 153; only state to dispute naval predominance of England, 155.
-,-, extravagant English demands of, after victory, 154; likely to suffer from need of Charles for foreign war, 155; Charles will not listen to first proposals, insists on new ones, 160.
-,-, van Beuningen serving well, 157; Turenne has nephew serving in and shows leaning towards, 160.
-,-, France will need more than ever if things go ill in Portugal, 157; Louis expresses sympathy with more openly, 159.
-,-, Spain fears defeat may make subservient to France, 159; Estrades will make known true state of, 162.
-,-, would like Spain to have share in adjustment, 159; move to introduce mediation of Molina for, 168.
-,-, after a second battle will come to terms with English without France, 162, 166; will not submit, to English domination, 164.
-,-, Charles said offered more before France interposed, 165; Downing urges need of agreement with, excluding France, 166.
-,-, Louis orders parlement to register treaty with, 165; Louis unlikely to declare before position to Flanders explained, 166.
-,-, Louis cannot suffer to perish, 166; suspicious of French mediation, 168.
-,-, English intention to re-establish Orange in, 167; Swedes know will prevent their making conquests in Baltic, 173.
-,-, would be well advised to seek peace, 168, 176; grievances of German states against, 169.
-,-, Louis threatens those who make trouble against, 169, 171, 173; Munster likely to make much trouble for, 175.
-,-, decision to strengthen land army, 171; forces adequate to deal with Munster, 179; French help not needed by, 180.
-,-, Terlon to urge Sweden to carry out treaty with, 173.
-,-, French point out assistance rendered to, 174; Louis makes excuses to avoid fulfilling treaty with, 177.
-,-, spirit of people high, but means not easy, 174–5; short of everything, 176; Ruyter's arrival alone can alter affairs for the better, 177.
-,-, ability of England to multiply difficulties of, 175; Charles says cannot subsist without free commerce, 176.
-,-, difference of position when fought Spain, 176; movements in for an accommodation, 180.
-,-, divisions of and unruliness of people, 176; awaiting news of another battle with apprehension, 187.
-,-, Louis announces disposition to assist, 178; decision awaited with impatience, 179; still doubtful of French help, 180; declaration for foreshadowed, 184.
-,-, efforts to get Luneburg to bring force to help, 179; forces available for, 180; were prudence to defend frontiers, 198–9; measures for, 201.
-,-, England would tone down if France and Sweden joined against them, 180; a declaration alone of France would suffice for, 187.
-,-, ships from Smyrna and Indies will bring over 40 millions to, 181.
-,-, Ruyter reaches safely, 183, 188, 190; revulsion in, on his arrival, depression changed to confidence, 193.
-,-, agree to raise money for levies, 185; Louis said to be supplying with money, 191.
-,-, departure of van Beuningen would infer abandonment by France, 187; impatience in, at indecision of France, 188, 204; French Court resents mistrust of, 198.
-,-, reported partition of, between Spain, England and Munster, 189; Scottish estates grant tax for war with, 190.
-,-, Spain believes that Louis means to deceive and has no intention to help, 190; Renswoude has scant belief in French demonstrations in favour of, 191.
-,-, interests of, in Flanders, should march with those of Spain, 191; Gamarra sure will not give way in least, 193; desire French to ask for peace on more particular conditions, 194.
-,-, conspiracy discovered in, in favour of Munster, 196; fresh revelations upon, 198, 201; Catholics concerned in, 204.
-,-, will not interfere in Franco-Spanish dispute about Flanders, 198; under no obligation to allies for safety of merchant fleets, 200.
-,-, press for French break with England, 198; will not ask for French troops unless Louis declares against England, 199.
-,-, Munster definitely arming against, 198; emperor protests wish to live on good terms with, 201.
-,-, peace likely with, without French mediation, 200, 205; will bo more difficult about peace now merchant fleets returned, 203.
-,-, do not wish to make peace without France, 200, 204; desire peace, but with honour, 204.
-,-, war with may prevent English obliging Turks with ships, 202.
-,-, report of divisions in false, foreign pressure keeps united, 204; consternation in, on loss of ships, 207.
-,-, French, for help of, require understanding about Flanders, 205; will only accept adjustment on French terms, 207.
-,-, skits on English fleet published in, 205; decree fast day to celebrate victories, 209.
-,-, French decide to help against Munster, 206–7, 210, 223; van Beuningen sad about, 224.
-,-, no ground for belief in secret arrangement with England, 207; nature of English demands of, 212.
-,-, peace would be great relief to, 208; hopeful of arrangement with Sweden, 211.
-,-, general situation increases difficulties of, 208; de Witt accused of having brought to sorry plight, 216.
-,-, Denmark proposes to send embassy to, 211; on point of conclusion with Brandenburg, 219.
-,-, many French serve as volunteers, 213; French comment on obstinacy against English, 217.
-,-, great discords likely in, if no success, 216; war ruinous to but not enough to lead to bad peace, 219.
-,-, Venice confident that will not allow Turks to use their ships, 219.
-,-, English constantly offering to treat with, without French, 218; Clarendon speaks of foreign support for, 219.
-,-, determined to reduce Munster to impotence, 218; will not allow him to be included in peace, 220.
-,-, think of sending to England about peace pourparlers, 219; proposals in to make Orange captain general and send to London to treat, 221.
-,-, ask leave to enter ports of Flanders for supplies, 220.
-,-, English at Leghorn rejoice in successes over, 221; Charles wishes to deal separately with, 228.
-,-, Carlingford to justify Munster's proceedings with, 221; demand withdrawal of Munster's forces from Friesland, before discussion, 234.
-,-, cannot hold out any longer without freedom at sea, 222; likely to come to terms with chief opponent, 224.
-,-, will not separate interests from those of France, 222; Renswoude tries to dissipate Spanish suspicion of connection with France, 223.
-,-, restoring good understanding with Sweden, 226; Sweden treating with, 229.
-,-, dubious of enemies and not much confidence in allies, 227; French proposals for settlement with, 228–9.
-,-, Spain proposes alliance to, for common defence. 227.
-,-, Swedish resentment against, over Denmark, 229; English efforts to move Sweden against, 231.
-,-, France buying 30 ships in, 230; large tract of country flooded, 234.
-,-, Clarendon complains of French help for, 231; Courtin to represent French services to and stir to fresh effort, 234.
-,-, English confided in Verneuil and Courtin for reconciliation with, 233; Charles urges them to resume negotiations for adjustment with, 233.
-,-, French decide to increase number of troops in, 233–4; recapture Lochem, 240.
-,-, visibly depressed though speak bravely, 234; tired of war, internal divisions, suspicious of French, 237.
-,-, Holles complains of French help to, 236; Carlingford to justify war with, 246.
-,-, recall van Gogh, 237; Holles speaks of privations in, 258.
-, 1666:
-,-, cannot treat with Munster without France, 240; unlikely to break away from France, 244; French change reasons for assisting, 249–50; French fear of Spaniards joining against, 262.
-,-, dissatisfied with Maurice of Nassau, 244; Denmark comes out on side of, 250, 268; French guarantee any promises of, to Denmark, 254.
-,-, open talk in Paris of not helping, 252; French declaration induced by pressure of, 254.
-,-, roots for negotiation still left in, 255; expected to listen to negotiations, though so dependent on France, 260.
-,-, Estrades goes to reconcile Brandenburg with, 255; treaty with Brandenburg, 258.
-,-, Castel Rodrigo's offer to, of adjustment with Munster, 257; deep distrust of Spaniards, 258.
-,-, agreement with Algiers helps France to assist, 262; Grand Duke will not give English advantages over, 271.
-,-, malcontents in Scotland and Ireland can receive encouragement from, 262; war declared on, proclaimed in London, 266.
-,-, East India Co. in arrear with contribution promised to, 263.
-,-, measures taken to thwart proposed English landing in, 263; English can beat without Munster's help, 278.
-,-, French would like to use as excuse for attack on Flanders, 266; Boreel enlarges on advantages France derives from, 271.
-,-, peace could have been made by restoration of places in Guinea by, 269; Queen Henrietta's proposal has assent of, 274.
-,-, trade with France, 271; suffers greater privations than England through war, 275.
-,-, Munster will make terms with, if not supported, 273, 277; ready for adjustment with Munster, 274; Minister promised to cause no trouble to, 292.
-,-, strong through adhesion of Brandenburg, Denmark and Luneburg, 274; can arrange forces to deal with Munster, 280.
-,-, negotiations proceeding for adjustment with Munster, 279; peace arranged, 285, 287.
-,-, Charles stirred princes of Germany against, but got nothing, 279; strenuous negotiations to bring about peace with, 294.
-,-, outcry in at losses through war, 285; France has only to get consent to adjustment, 290; Lionne charges with trying to force hand of France, 292.
-,-, hopes of peace with dwindling, 291; allowed English to beat home waters, care for coast defences, 292.

-, army of:

rendezvous appointed for, 183; ready to march, 201.

money voted to raise levies, 185; fleet will bring 6000 soldiers to reinforce, 195; reinforced by return of fleet, 226.

strength of, to march to frontier, 201; will soon be ready to attack Munster, 226.

-, Council of State:

to provide money for arming more ships, 49; to confer with Admiralties about, 56.

asks for extraordinary fund, to build ships, 92; chief naval officers frequently consulted by, 103.

-, fleet:

Opdam put in command, 27; ships sent to convoy East India ships, 27–8; a fifth fleet added to first four, 31.

ships sent to protect herring fishery, 28; squadron off Ostend, 43.

strength of, 30; Charles may take exception to use for convoy, 41; too weak to convoy ships thro' Channel, 59.

ships for Africa coast, 41; escorting ships to Guinea, 47–8.

danger of encounter with English, in Channel, 42; incident with would precipitate war, 45.

Rupert unlikely to sail before getting information about, 46; fifty ships ready to sail, 48; still at Goerec, 56, 61; decision to stop sailing, 57–8.

levy of men for agreed to, 52, 58; proposal to recall Ruyter to command, 59.

provision of new ships for, 56, 58, 68, 91; provision of money for maintenance, 58.

proposed distribution of, 58; will not come out this year, 62–3.

deputies of W. India Co. visit, 58; contrary winds prevent helping merchantmen, 61.

said to have sunk ship full of sailors, 60; measures to ensure good service of, 82.

withdrawn and most of sailors dismissed, 65.

assembling of, 68; numbers of ships, guns and men, 76–7; departure of squadrons for Channel, Mediterranean and north, 82; false rumours about, 83.

will not be ready for 2 or 3 weeks, 83; new ships ready in May, 86; no action before spring, 91; sailors deserting from, 103; difficulty in finding sailors for, 120.

large number of ships ready, 95, 100; not enough sailors to man, 110, 112: more coming to, than wanted, 113–4.

meeting of Admiralties to decide employment of, 100; no decision about a rendezvous, 103; rendezvous at Texel, 108.

five ships driven off by English frigate, 102; frigates fight Crown at Cadiz, 124.

great activity in preparing for war, 103–4; ready in a few days, 107, 112, 119; expected to put to sea, 120.

English believe unready to put to sea, 105; and reluctant to fight, 106, 109.

‘noeckers’ hired to take provisions and troops to, 107; assembling of, 113–4, 121.

fight between two ships with two English, 112, 115; encounter between three and five English, 123.

instructions for kept secret, 113; delay in putting to sea not caused by French attitude, 119.

to seek out English and tight, 113; York daring to come out, 115, 120; still at Texel, 119.

Opdam and Evertsen with, 121; English believe dare not come out, 123; Courtin said would not come out, 127.

believed to have left port, expected clash with, 121; ready, waiting for wind, 122; not moving till all ready, 125.

delayed by negligence of Friesland, 122; still short of sailors, 125, 132; English cannot prevent junction of squadrons, 127.

York changes plans on hearing that coming out, 126; will sail the moment the wind is favourable, 127.

three fleets unite and come out, 129, 131; ordered to mouth of Thames, 133; ordered to seek and fight English fleet, 134, 141.

ordered to single out flagship for attack, 130; reinforcements sail to join, 136.

foreign sailors hired to man, 132; more ships being armed, 133.

particulars of squadrons and commanders, 133; report of victory, 136, 138; engaged in battle, 138; news of defeat, 138; accounts of, 139, 141–2, 144–6.

captures 9 English ships from Hamburg, 134, 141; colliers escape, by good luck, 141.

York reports encountering, 136; York sailed away to allow to come out, 137.

reinforcements for recalled, ships to enter port, 139; reinforcements back at Texel, 141.

English do not venture to attack behind sandbanks, 141; York claims complete victory over, 142; losses in battle, 145, 150, 161; pursuit of, 149–51.

English ready to meet if comes out again, 143; active work on to have ready again, 149.

reasons for inferiority of ships to English, 146.

Edglish frigate engages and defeats two ships of, 146; ship takes English frigate in Calais, 156.

squadron sent out under Banckert, 149; second fleet sent out under Banckert, 161.

trial of defaulting captains of, 149, 158, 161; inquiry into their conduct, 151; captains executed, 164, 167.

reported rally and second fight with Rupert, 151; particulars of losses in fight, 152; defeat due to own defects, 159; English confident of beating again, 164.

French ships surprised taking munitions to, 151.

testimony of captains to Evertsen's good conduct, 156; Tromp returning to, 158; Tromp to command if Ruyter does not come, 179, 181.

returning to sea soon, stronger than ever, 157; every effort to get remainder of fleet to sea, 161, 163; Louis advised not to sail, but cannot be postponed, 163.

difficulty in manning, 161; Ruyter to have general command of, 163.

proposal to appoint deputies to go with, 163, 176; preparing to come out, 166–7, 174; ready to sail as soon as English leave Texel, 178; said to have come out, 182.

troops for on the march, 167; many nobles and others volunteer to serve in, 185.

English forces sufficient to prevent coming out, 167; Renswoude expresses confidence in, 174.

Spaniards doubtful of wisdom of risking in battle, 175; sailing delayed to wait for de Witt, 179.

decision to send out large force under Tromp, 179; other fleets at Strait, before Tangier and in W. Ocean, 183.

in excellent condition, ships assembling, 181; quite ready, puts to sea, 183–5; composition of, 184; divisions and commanders, 185.

States' deputies decide to leave entirely to Admiralty, 182; States' deputies embark on, 183, 185; said to have put to sea, 190.

another great fleet preparing, 183, 196; reserve force preparing, 184; to go out to join main body, 197.

going to fetch in merchant ships in Norway, 184, 195–6; going to seek and fight English, 185, 187, 210; reported near Dogger Bank, 189.

expedition of, against Formosa, 185–6.

Guiche reports another defeat of, 187; supplies being collected for, 197.

ships to be sent against English coast, 195; English capture two convoys of, 203.

approaches Berghen, 197; arrives there, 198; English supposed to be obstructing return, 204.

confidence in tempts merchantmen to leave Cadiz, 199.

Munster cannot prevent sailing of, 200; sails from Goeree, 210.

in great storm, arrives home safely, 201–3; report at Paris of great defeat of, 206–7.

warships taken with convoy, 206; still exposed to danger, 208.

reinforcements for leave Texel, 210; strength of, going straight to seek English, 211, 215; audacity stirs English to respond, 216.

de Witt expected to risk all with, 216; at mouth of Thames to try and draw English to battle, 218.

bold action taken to secure merchant fleets, 216; in position to secure their return, 218.

withdrawn to ports, 221; council of war decides on recall, 226.

question of keeping squadron at sea under Banckert, 226; squadron under Banckert takes northern route, 259.

less numerous than in previous year, 262; Holland working diligently to have ready in spring, 263; Ruyter puts to sea with strong force, 280.

commanders of, gather at Texel, 280; at Texel, sixty strong, waiting for propitious moment to sail, 292; deputies go to Hague to arrange sailing of, 298.

squadron sent to Dogger Bank, 293; Beaufort to await reinforcements from, 297; English will do utmost to prevent junction with French, 298.

Beaufort's advance will influence decision about, 298.

-, fleet for and in the Mediterranean:

held up because of death of governor of Algiers, 5; Algiers corsairs awaiting with impatience, 28.

report of engagement with English, 32; Lawson reports passing, and salute by, 48.

merchants offer to maintain at own cost, 56.

convoy from Malaga untroubled by, 122; blockades Tangier, 135, 149, 186; gives up blockade, cruising in Strait and making prizes, 142.

Tuscan measures of defence against, 153.

strong squadron to guard Smyrna fleet, 160; always with merchant fleet, 172.

Beaufort to unite with, 170; question of recalling, 172–3; gives up blockade of Tangier and sails for Cadiz, 192.

leaves Cadiz to fight English, 199; convoying Smyrna fleet, 210–1.

squadron attacks and defeats English merchantmen near Strait, 224.

reported engagement with Smith's squadron, 256; engagement expected, 272; Beaufort said to be waiting for fresh squadron, 276.

-, fleet of Ruyter:

English squadron after, 120; York lying in wait for, 127; main fleet soon to be strengthened, by arrival, 157.

operations in W. Indies, 157; reported off Shetland, 181.

uncertain if in Norway, 157; Banckert expected to unite with, 161.

Beaufort to unite with, 170; returns safely, 183, 190. being made ready for sea, 183.

-, merchants of. See merchants, Dutch.

-, ships. See ships, Dutch.

-, States General:

Zintzendorf presents credentials to, 6; probable reply to emperor, 7; answer to Zintzendorf, 34.

supply Downing with paper refuting all claims, 24–5; disposed to satisfy English on two chief points, 26; some satisfaction for merchants imperative, 34–5.

thank d'Estrees for offer of mediation, 32; Downing has not asked for conference with, 33; pleased with Downing's audience, as peaceful, 34.

decide to put own claims in order, 38; Downing's memorial to, 40; resentment against for defending Amsterdam merchants, 42.

give Downing paper dealing with reply of Charles to van Gogh, 47; complain to Downing of action about Guinea, 48.

confirm orders for arming more ships, 49; Opdam asks to send deputies, 56.

reasons for not letting fleet sail, 58; order withdrawal of fleet, 65.

Castel Rodrigo announces arrival to, reply, 58; decision to dismiss English and Scottish regiments, 92.

Downing demands release of Swedish ship by, 67; Downing laments folly of war to member of, 88.

East India Co. asks leave of to send ships to East, 69; suspend herring fishery for the year, 100.

English officers retained must take oath to, 92–3.

refuse to give up ships bought by French, make offer, 98; offer transports, 101; unwilling to let ships go, 103; Louis demands satisfaction from, 106; decide to let ships go, 106–7.

hire ‘noeckers’ to supply fleet, 107; deputies of go to give orders to fleet, 113.

know nothing of fleet arrangements, 113; hire foreign sailors, 132.

refuse proposed armistice, 121; van Gogh without instructions from, 132.

order fleet to attack English, 134; Evertsen makes defence before, 141; Tromp heard in, 158.

Ruyter carried out orders in Guinea, 157.

send out second fleet under Banckert, 161; asked if advisable to send out another fifty ships, 163.

proposed that deputies of go with fleet, 163, 172, 176; report of Cornelis Evertsen to, 171.

mistaken in judgment about English, 164; de Witt has approval of, to direct fleet in person, 179, 216.

Downing presents memorial to, for exchange of prisoners, 166; threaten Downing with arrest if Cunaeus not released, 172.

decision about recalling Mediterranean squadron awaited, 173; Tromp takes oath to, for command of fleet, 181; appoint Ruyter Admiral General immediately on arrival, 183.

treat with dukes of Luneburg and Brunswick for levies, 201.

will not treat without France, 204; Courtin to represent what France has done for, 234.

Charles accuses of promoting sedition in Scotland, 216.

van Gogh reports to and presents letter from Charles, 244; letter to Charles about ambassadors leaving, and king's reply to, 252.

representations from Brabant to, about popish plot. 265n.

-, Spanish. See Flanders.

Neuburg, duke of. See Philip William.

Neuport. See Nieuport.

New Amsterdam [now New York, N. America], reported English capture of, 48–9.

New Belgium, New Holland, N. America:
-, Downing conferred with de Witt about boundaries of, 49.
-, English drove Dutch out of, 49; van Gogh to demand restitution of, 51; Dutch require restitution, 56.
-, Charles admits order to take, 52; English demand surrender of, 104; French proposal about, 229.

Newcastle on Tyne, Neucastel, colliers from luckily escape Dutch fleet, 141; gunfire heard at, 182.

New England, N. America, Downing conferred with de Witt about boundaries of, 49; commissioners report all in good order in, 96.

New Forest, co. Hants, king's journey to postponed, 43.

Newfoundland, N. America, merchantmen lost at, 60; Ruyter destroys English fishing at, 167; Ruyter's cruise to, 177.

Nieuport, Neuport [Prov. W. Flanders, Belgium], Charles sends money to, for Munster, 167.

Nightingale, royal navy, captures privateers, 125.

Nixon, Edward, Captain of the Elizabeth, executed for cowardice, 137.

nobility, excellent understanding between those of France and England, 170.

Nore, the, London frigate blown up near, 91n, 93n.

Normandy, France, many ships of, detained for judgment of Admiralty Court, 143; English landing in, 248.

North Sea, Ruyter sails with intention of freeing, 185.

Northampton, Nortanten, co. Northampton, election petition at, commissioners to deal with, 16.

-, earl of. See Compton, James.

Norway, 202, 211.
-, uncertain if Ruyter in, 157; Ruyter reported in, 172, 179, 181.
-, rendezvous for Dutch ships in, 181; Dutch fleet to bring back merchantmen from, 185; Dutch fleet approaching, 189, 195; arrives off, 197.
-, English prizes taken to, 181; English fleet cruising off, 184–5; fleet action likely off, 194.
-, Dutch ships reach safely, 193, 196; Dutch ships preparing to leave, for home, 197; ships returning from, 226.
-, Dutch merchantmen still scattered in ports of, 210; Dutch fleet comes out to secure ships from, 217–8.
-, Houthuyn brings back warships from, 210; French want to prevent English landing in, 254; Dutch enable France to trade with, 271.
-, Banckert sailing by, for Mediterranean, 259.

Norwood, Norvod, Col. Henry, may command at Tangier, under York, 28.