N

Naples [Prov. Napoli, Italy] :

despatches dated at, 15, 19, 27, 229, 285, 287, 293.

English consul at, 15.

Venetian instructions to resident at, 272.

English ships at to arm for war, 4
-, Elizabeth and Constant Warwick escaped to, 4n
-, made rendezvous for English ships, 7.

English bring Dutch prize into, 14
-, English ships sail from, 26-7.

English captains imprisoned at, 15, 19
-, suffers from Anglo Dutch war, 27
-, English and Dutch celebrate peace at, 229.

Badiley expected to sail towards, 44
-, Rosso to find out opinion about Blake's fleet at, 272
-, arrival of Blake's fleet at, 293.

governor of, has Red Cross disarmed, 19.

Viceroy of. See Avellando y Haro, Don Garcia de, conde de Castrillo
-, Guevara y Tassis, Don Inigo Velez de, count of Oate.

Narsan [? Ars, ile de R, France], Tromp sails from, 37.

Nassau, Frederick Henry of, Prince of Orange, Cromwell's power will be much superior to that of, 167.

-, -, widow of. See Amalia.

-, Count John Maurice Americanus of, prince of Nassau Siegen, general of Brazil, majority of Provinces favour as Tromp's successor, 126.

-, William Henry of, Prince of Orange :

declared general by States, 23
-, division in States over party of, 79.

English insist on Dutch throwing over, 95, 102
-, supporters likely to desert to get peace, 173.

demand that levy be made in name of, 98.

fierce dispute over election as stathouder, 124
-, secret association of partisans formed, 176
-, disagreement over threatens civil strife, 189.

difficulty over, in peace negotiations, 182
-, proposed solution, id.

English jealous because of connection with Stuarts, 182.

Provinces favouring advocate continuance of war, 191.

undertaking never to bear arms against Cromwell, 218
-, terms of secret article against, commotion over, 235, 246.

Holland and Zeeland open enemies of, 245
-, ambassadors see Cromwell about dispute over, 246
-, dispute over still rages, 253.

Friesland, Groningen and Overyssel choose as Captain-General, 248
-, Friesland espouses cause, 272, 279.

Holland alone can carry out arrangements against, 258
-, Holland suspends grant for guard, id.

talk of fleet going against partisans of, 286
-, Dutch Provinces supporting moderate their zeal, 287.

-, Dietz, Count William Frederick of, governor of Friesland, insists on convocation of States-General, 235
-, places garrisons in towns of Holland, 255-6.

-, House of. See Orange, House of.

Naudin, Vandi, Dr. Theodore, arrested for complicity in plot against Cromwell, 232.

Navigation Act
-, Dutch will demand repeal of, 103
-, enforced after peace, 225.

navy, fleet, warships, the Commonwealth :

nearly ready for sea, 2
-, parliament engrossed with business of, 3
-, main fleet in Thames, 5.

officers put on trial, 2
-, pay increased, 6
-, army pay reduced to please, 9.

arrangements for provisioning of, 2
-, preparing for sea, 5
-, sailing postponed, 8, 16, 25
-, blockade forces to seek battle, 12, 16
-, reason for delay, 20.

relief for Mediterranean not sailed, 7, 15
-, bring Dutch ship into Naples, 14
-, captains imprisoned, 15.

money sent for payment of, 8
-, new construction hastened, 39
-, 18 ships building for, 103.

frigates forced back to Portsmouth, 12
-, new frigate capsizes, 29
-, new frigates launched, 63.

quarrels between soldiers and sailors delay sailing, 12
-, mutinous spirit in, 16.

advantage of Dutch over, in Mediterranean, 15, 22
-, strength of Badiley's force, 22.

need to wipe out defeat before considering peace, 21
-, sailors to be pressed for, 52.

anxiety over disaffection in, 25, 33
-, reported ready for battle, 29
-, strength of, 32.

engagement off Cape Spartivento, 26-7
-, Grand Duke taking steps to dismiss from Leghorn, 32.

Dutch do utmost to prevent concentration, 32
-, victory of Portland, 34-5, 37.

helped, at suggestion of Cardenas, to take Gravelines and Dunkirk. 33.

supplies sent for, from Leghorn, 32
-, concentration at Porto Ferraio, stronger than Dutch, 36.

losses in Portland battle, 34-5, 37-8
-, serious damage to, 37-8, 48
-, busy refitting, 42.

to be kept concentrated, 35
-, refitting at Isle of Wight, 38
-, not sailing till at full strength, 39.

Hamburg ship Stella taken by, 39
-, Swedish ships taken by, 49.

Appleton ordered out of Leghorn, battle outside, 40
-, Appleton defeated, 41, 44-6.

reinforced and brought up to 100 sail, 42
-, refitting delayed, 48
-, every effort to strengthen, 51.

Badiley's squadron returning to London, 50
-, reported sailing for Sicily, 59.

difficult to make good losses, 52
-, by refitting left Dutch in command of sea, 55.

30 frigates leave Thames to join, 52
-, will put to sea in great force, 54
-, intent to give battle, 58, 63, 72, 79.

reports of Portland battle at Florence, 53
-, Medina Celi asks to return goods seized off Cadiz, 62
-, reply to, 62-3.

convoy sent for colliers, 55, 63
-, convoy for merchantmen with supplies for London, 58.

fresh taxes devised for, 55
-, need to keep well paid adds to financial difficulties, 133.

squadron to protect coasts of England and Scotland, 58
-, squadron to cut off Dutch ships from Portugal, 62.

French alarm at appearance before Calais, 62
-, men from colliers taken to man, 63
-, receives reinforcements of soldiers, 72.

officers notify adhesion to new rule, 68
-, strong belief in victory, 75.

squadron comes into Downs, 68
-, fleet concentrated, its strength, 72
-, leaves merchantmen undefended to tempt enemy, 79.

divides into squadrons going north and south, 72
-, reunites and sails for Holland, misses enemy but captures fishing boats, 75
-, still seeking enemy, 82
-, misses again, 83.

Badiley comes into Atlantic, his services, 75
-, strengthened by ships from Mediterranean and others from Thames, 79.

lays hands on all ships to or from Spain, 79
-, captures rich merchantmen, 94, 96.

Blake takes command, strength of, news of action expected, 85
-, battle of Gabbard, 87, 91, 93.

cruises off Dutch coast, proposed reprisals on Texel, 89
-, reinforced since battle, 96.

special efforts to maintain off Dutch coasts, 89
-, main body off Texel blockading ports, 94, 96, 103.

numbers of merchantmen to reinforce, 93
-, constant stream of supplies and reinforcements for, 103, 108.

victory leaves with mastery of sea, 96
-, kept off Dutch coast by Cromwell's suggestion, 100
-, keeps up blockade, 103, 106.

capture of 18 ships by 6 frigates, 99-100
-, crews and soldiers thinned by disease, 108
-, Cromwell's care of made victory possible, 110.

peril to Catholic powers from possible union with Dutch navy, 108.

strength, 140 ships almost all men of war, 109
-, ships building make rapid progress, 137.

victory of the Texel, 110
-, later reports on, 114-5, 117
-, forced to relax blockade, 115, 117.

return of Mediterranean squadron, 112
-, ill will against Tuscany over, 131.

government busy strengthening, 115
-, capture merchantmen after battle, 118
-, Dutch leave free to make prizes, 124.

soldiers drafted for service in, 115
-, Texel battle causes difficulty in re-manning, 121.

vote of gold chains for officers, 115
-, monthly cost of, 135
-, Blake thanked for services with, 139.

cruisers kept out till main fleet refitted, 118
-, blockade renewed by, 121
-, squadron of 70 again off Dutch coast, 125
-, determined to give battle, 127.

Dutch fleet must put out to save merchantmen from, 126.

gale drives away from Dutch coast, shelters at Yarmouth, 130
-, withdrawal allows Dutch merchantmen to come out, 134
-, main fleet keeps near Yarmouth, 135.

squadron sent to cruise off Texel, 134-5
-, blockade maintained by, 142.

many ships sent into Thames to refit, 135, 142
-, to leave Thames in great force, 143-4.

fleet cruising between England and Holland, 137
-, watching for enemy's return, 137.

Hamburg and Lubeck ships brought in by, 137
-, cruisers capture Dutchmen for Spain, 138.

mutiny in, for prize money, 145
-, sailing delayed by mutiny, 145, 148.

two frigates capture, St. Anna, 146
-, Dutch merchant fleets evade, 148.

blockade by cruisers interrupted by storm, 147
-, systematic seizures by cruisers, 150.

Monk sails to intercept wine fleet, 149
-, he sails to harass enemy, 152.

short of sailors, ransom of slaves to man, 151
-, four new frigates launched, 175.

proposed ratio of strength to Dutch, to protect trade, 152.

takes three French ships, 154
-, brought into Thames by, 186.

fleet at sea, but a lull, 156
-, intention to fit out great fleet, 156, 158
-, Blake and others to supervise ships to join fleet, 175.

two more generals appointed, 158
-, generals to use all dispatch to get to sea, 180.

Monk at sea with squadron, Blake to sail with another, 172
-, large fleet fitting out to coerce Dutch, 178, 180.

reported landing from squadron in Brittany, 175
-, all suitable merchantmen taken up for, 180
-, no steps neglected to strengthen, 186.

Dutch fleet strengthened to cope with, 181
-, preparing for sea, 191
-, said to be bound for Strait of Gibraltar, 191.

sure to have put to sea and troops sent to man, 189
-, whole fleet likely to put to sea to give battle, 191-2
-, great efforts to equip fleet of 100 sail, 196
-, fit and ready, 197.

drafts of soldiers for, 194, 196
-, likely to be kept at full strength, 202.

claim on Dutch for upkeep, pending peace, 197
-, may avenge injuries in Mediterranean, 198
-, 80 men of war about to put to sea, 200
-, uncertainty about use of, 205, 209, 212, 226, 234, 242.

squadron may be sent against Grand Duke, 201
-, reported to be sent against Denmark, 202.

French apprehensions about, 202, 204, 206, 213
-, checks French plans in Italy, 206.

talk of sending through Strait, 205
-, report that squadron to go to Mediterranean, 206, 208, 209, 212, 216, 220
-, possible co-operation with Venetian fleet, 207.

engagement with ships of St. Malo, 207
-, captures them, 208, 213, 221
-, reported raid on Cancale, 215.

pope refers to coming to Mediterranean, 208
-, French believe directed against their Italian plans, 209
-, attitude of Dutch forbids scattering of, 220.

unlikely to send squadron far, with uncertain conditions, 209, 212
-, Penn comes to confer with Cromwell about use of, 214.

reduced by disbanding some merchantmen, 212
-, ships scattered in ports ordered to assemble in Downs, 214
-, assembled there, 226.

can reach Sweden easily, 212
-, raid on Cancale not work of, 215
-, reported losses at Cancale, 217, 220.

ships fitting for protracted voyage in warm climate, 216-7
-, supposed to be intended against Tuscany, 230.

three 60 gun frigates launched, 217
-, tax for support of, 231
-, tax for resented, 236.

cruising off French coast, 220
-, frigates leave with sailing orders for, 228.

commotion caused by prospect of entering Mediterranean, 220
-, pope's fears of, 221
-, talk of squadron for Strait, 228.

Spaniards would not like to encounter Peru fleet, 221
-, Wilson announces coming to Cadiz, 230
-, not yet come, 233.

plan to send ships to blockade Scottish coast, 223
-, cruisers keep coast watched, 232.

ships to watch coasts of Ireland, 223
-, frigates to take duke of Lorraine to Spain, 237.

possible attack on France, 228
-, Cromwell keeps ready for action, 231.

Cardenas' schemes for, 230
-, Haro speaks of co-operation in Flanders, 233.

remains idle despite excessive cost, 231
-, not likely to go far away, 234, 242, 245
-, still off coast, 239.

Badiley likely to command squadron for Mediterranean, 231
-, country bears cost in hope of advantage from France and Spain, 239
-, dockyards kept busy for, even on holidays, 245.

considerable force to be stationed at home permanently, 239
-, still at strength, 248.

troops drafted to serve in, 245, 251
-, recruiting of troops for, 264
-, fresh troops sent to, 284, 286.

two squadrons, for home and W. Indies, but both may be used against France, 247
-, expected attack on France, 252
-, French fears of, 261.

departure delayed for reasons of state, 251-2
-, French ships captured by frigates, 272, 274.

talk of attacking Indies, 251
-, report may be a blind, 267
-, frigates land troops in Canada, 274, 276.

squadron ready to help Holland against other Provinces, 253.

Cromwell intent on strengthening, 261
-, main body kept within call, 265.

ordinance allowing those who have served in to practise any trade, 264.

cost of, because of negotiations between France and Spain, 276
-, object to cull benefit from negotiations, 276
-, Cromwell claims entire care of, 279
-, prefers parliament to Protector, 279.

stir caused by excessive demands of, Desborough sent to, 278
-, thanks for pay and protests loyalty, 281
-, all ready and content, 289.

parliament settles Protector's control of, 283
-, by maintenance of Cromwell keeps neighbours on tenterhooks, 290.

money for Dutch war appropriated to pay, 286
-, Cromwell represents needs money for maintenance, 292.

seizes 30 French ships laden with salt, 287.

commissioners for the. See under commissioners.

Generals of. See Blake, Robert
-, Dean, Richard
-, Desborough, John
-, Monk, George
-, Penn, William.

-, squadron for Mediterranean, 267 :

taking in stores, proposed demand on Tunis, then to convoy merchantmen, 236
-, will fight Toulon fleet, if they meet, 237
-, Spaniards expect to deal with Toulon fleet, 243
-, only to render trade safe, 247.

ready for sea and about to sail, reported objects, 246, 252
-, Fleming speaks of advantage to Venice, 250
-, Paulucci to ask to act in favour of Venice, 257.

to go to Tunis, 252, 255
-, Fleming announces sailing, 255
-, Blake leaves to take command, 257.

troops marched to Portsmouth to sail in, 255
-, arrangements for supplies, 271.

English ship announces at Cadiz, 256
-, Cardenas reports sailing, 266.

anxiety of Grand Duke about, 258, 283, 288, 291
-, his measures against, 268-9.

appears in Spanish waters, 268
-, delayed by contrary winds, 271
-, de Haro believes detained in port, 276.

Blake reports voyage to Strait, exacts salute, 270
-, will fight French fleet if meets it, 278.

Venice instructs ministers to get information about designs, 272, 275.

merchants anxious for advance of, 278
-, satisfaction at advance, 279.

strong enough to engage French, talk of sending reinforcements to, 279
-, ordered to fight French, 284
-, alarm in France over, 290.

enters Cadiz, courteously received, 280
-, expected in Mediterranean, id
-, reported through Strait and off Spain, 281
-, reported off Leghorn, 285
-, expected there, 291.

impatience for news of, 284
-, reported in Strait, 285
-, may be at Majorca, 288.

to have best treatment in Spanish ports, 285
-, king of Spain ready to subsidise, 286.

expected to settle accounts with Grand Duke, 285
-, going to Barbary, id
-, supposed to have from to Africa, 287.

unlikely to meet much resistance in Guienne, 286
-, Blake seizes French craft, 292.

Blake reports friendly reception in Spain and at Algiers, 292
-, at Naples, Viceroy speaks highly of ships and men, 293.

-, squadron for W. Indies, 247 :

under command of Penn, destination kept secret, 257
-, to assemble off Portsmouth, manning of, 260
-, no time lost by, 271.

anxiety in Spain about, 266
-, warning sent to S. Domingo, about, id.

Cromwell promises shall not act without approval of parliament, 267.

might be sent against Belleisle, 267
-, supposed delay by French negotiations, 290.

Grand Duke does not believe will go far away, 268
-, reported sailing, 270, 286.

reported designs against Cuba or Hispaniola, 270.

all activities centre about despatch, 289
-, likely to sail next week, 292.

Negri, Antonio di, Venetian Resident with the Swiss, despatch to the Senate, 187.

Netherlands, Dutch, Holland, Low Countries, States, United Provinces :

have Protestant church at Lisbon, 6
-, Gloucester thinks of living in, 38.

1653 :

encourage trouble in Scotland and Ireland, 3, 25, 49
-, Bruin tries to divert from negotiations with French, 23.

will seize all goods for England, 6
-, expect to destroy English Levant trade, 7.

Denmark preparing to stand with, 8, 26
-, make Prince of Orange general, 23.

send to Hanse Towns for help, 8
-, conferences with Spanish ambassador, 23.

Bordeaux's efforts to effect reconciliation with, 21
-, suspect Spaniards of favouring English, 23.

order punctual payment of seamen, 22.

Grand Duke expects to be obliged to declare for, 22, 36
-, defensive alliance in treaty against England, 31.

queen of Sweden objects to alliance with, 23
-, Swedish move to force to help Denmark, 24
-, still hopeful about, 26-7.

determined to prosecute war, 27
-, Cardenas may be discussing mediation with, 35-6, 43.

prudent course for England to cut up trade, 29
-, hit by cessation of trade, want peace, 62.

Swiss offer mediation with, 30, 64
-, Presbyterians suggest peace overtures to, 42.

send out Evertsen to resume blockade of Thames, 41
-, claim victory at Portland, 48.

question of alliance with Charles discussed in, 41
-, Charles would like to take advantage of, 51
-, circumstances call Charles to, 53.

Leghorn battle makes masters of Mediterranean, 44, 50.

proposed mission to, for peace, 48
-, letter from, favouring peace, 51
-, reply to, 54, 57.

not known if share inclination for peace, 49
-, eager to end war, 56.

interest of Spain to keep on good terms with, 49
-, proposed alliance with France and Portugal, 50
-, unwilling to break with Spain, 50-1, 128.

expected to listen to advantageous offers of Charles, 54
-, doubtful about, 56.

Swiss concern at quarrel with England and mission to, 57
-, reply to Swedish offer of mediation, 62.

negotiations with England alarm French, 58.

peace with would ruin hopes of Charles, 59
-, decision of expected to make continuation of war necessary, 60
-, change of English government likely to alter attitude, 64
-, Cromwell informs of change and suggests peace, 68.

alliance with Denmark will make averse from peace, 60
-, defeat may render more ready for peace, 75.

Boreel's opinion on peace moves, 61-2
-, Cromwell desired peace with, 64.

reply from to parliament letter, shows good intentions, 69
-, reply delivered by Bonel, would like delegates appointed, 73
-, reply to given to Bonel, 75.

Longland has no authority to make arrangement with, 74
-, goods seized as belonging to, 76
-, suspicion that trading under Spanish flag, 79.

suit with, at Venice, about caviare, 76
-, English trade in Scheldt will help to enfeeble, 79.

divided about peace and the Orange party, 79
-, reply of unsatisfactory because of divisions, 82.

French supposed in treaty with for alliance, 82
-, Mazarin flatters but thinks alliance less useful than English enmity dangerous, 83, 98.

about to send commissioner to treat, 85, 87
-, forced to refer issue to battle, 86.

order captains not to molest English serving Venice, 88
-, English with help of could rid Levant of Turks, 92.

English hope of adjustment with, 89
-, sending commissioners to treat, 89
-, arrive, 93.

instruct Boreel to hold up alliance with French, 89
-, Mazarin's policy with, 98.

fleet to be maintained off coasts of, 89, 100
-, English blockade coasts, 94, 103, 106, 108.

mistaken in thinking English civil strife would help them, 92, 99
-, trading under Hanse flag, 96.

popular disturbances in, 93
-, asked to throw over Prince of Orange, 95
-, blockade to foment disturbance in, 96.

emperor intimates intention to recover imperial fiefs occupied by, 93.

English stop herring fishery of, 96
-, losses of ships in war, 99, 120.

civil strife in, fomented by Orange faction, 98
-, weakens state, 102
-, dispute over prince, 124, 127.

England would need to restore, if knocked out, 99
-, England wishes to force into alliance, 102, 111, 116, 120, 125.

guns purchased in Sweden for, 99, 100n
-, desire to support Venetian interests, 107.

will demand repeal of Navigation Act, 103
-, consideration for allies an impediment to peace, 106.

reported assurance of Venetian partiality to, 104, 114
-, Paulucci hopes will do part towards good peace, 105.

late reverses cause to act with excessive caution, 106
-, commissioners to return and inform of progress of negotiations, 108.

pains to make sure that cargoes not sailing under neutral flags, 107, 120.

danger to France and Spain, if allied with England, 108
-, Mazarin's policy in treating with, 113, 128.

Texel shows hopeless to renew struggle, 111
-, Texel battle relieves blockade of, 115
-, Tromp a serious loss to, 117.

commissioners say terms demanded must be referred to, 111
-, curiosity to know reception of terms in, 118.

English fleet to return to coasts to capture merchantmen, 115
-, send out merchantmen after Texel battle, 118
-, fleet strengthened to renew blockade of, 121.

excessive demands may force to continue war, 118
-, English proposals mean subjection of, 120-1.

in great apprehension from losses in war and civil disturbance, 120
-, Tromp's death causes division in, 124, 126.

fear that may help rebels in Scotland, 122
-, Denmark's ardour for cooled by reverses, 126.

difficulty of adjustment with, makes Cromwell draw towards Sweden, 122-3
-, English determined to press hard, 123
-, England will ruin by means of alliances, 125.

trade stagnant through blockade of fleet, 124
-, blockade renewed, 125, 127.

less pacific since Texel battle, 125
-, Provinces consulted about adjustment, 127.

short of funds as dangerous to tax disaffected people, 126
-, war will hit more heavily than England, 135.

Spain hoped to weaken by English war, 128
-, suspect Spain as contriver of war, 129.

France wants to draw in against Spain, 128
-, French offers to may hinder peace, 130
-, France wants offensive alliance with, 131.

Denmark does not help, 128, 142
-, Swiss mediation offered to, 136
-, peace desired by, 144.

offer help to Charles, 128
-, he mistrusts, 128-9
-, mutiny may cause to raise terms, 146.

peace desired with for antimonarchical projects, 130
-, negotiations with at standstill, 138.

English fleet returns to coasts, 134-5, 137, 142
-, blockade relieved by storm, 147
-, India fleet returns safely to, 149.

mission of Chanut considered hostile demonstration by, 134
-, Whitelocke sent to help negotiations with, 146.

English will try to foment dissensions between Provinces, 138
-, hampered by internal dissensions, know that England is also, 143.

resigned to accept fair terms, 146
-, good will for peace expressed, 146, 148.

relieved by safe arrival of merchant fleets, 148
-, proposed subsidy for right of fishing, 152.

Muscovite wished to curry favour with, 148
-, strained relations with Sweden, 154, 158.

storm breaks dike and floods country, 150
-, damage by floods in, 154
-, Whitelocke detained in by weather, 158.

Monk sails to harass and bring to terms, 152
-, Monk blockading coast, 165.

Mazarin orders Chanut to foster confidential relations with, 154
-, encouraged to raise tone by Chanut's mission, 158.

arrangement with Spain for Chambre Mipartie, 154
-, French efforts to embroil with Spain fruitless, 155
-, negotiations with Sweden, 175.

passports required from for levies, 155
-, Frenchman demonstrates invention for sinking ships to, 163.

revolted Scots receive encouragement from, 158
-, order sale of prizes taken by Mediterranean squadron, 166.

Cromwell favours alliance with, 167
-, English propose to imitate government, 167.

Cromwell's authority vastly superior to that of Prince of Orange over, 167.

1654 :

commissioners returning to report to, 169
-, objection to salute at sea, 171.

have best intentions but national honour comes first, reasons for obstinacy, 172. English desire for peace not reciprocated in 174
-, may make them hang back, 178.

secret association of Orange partisans in, 176
-, Stockar leaves for, 183.

if reject peace English hope to make regret it, 178, 182
-, inclined to truce rather than an adjustment, 182
-, Cromwell disposed to grant, 185.

French suggest as arbitrators for peace with Spain, 178
-, position on points touching Denmark, France and Orange, 182
-, disagreements over Orange threaten civil strife, 189.

Cromwell tells Baas he knows what Mazarin is doing in, 183.

belief that only want to gain time to gather strength for fight, 185, 191
-, indemnity offered on behalf of Denmark insufficient, 201.

four Provinces announce ratification of articles proposed, 186
-, desire peace but Provinces not agreed, 189
-, ambassador's credentials signed by Provinces not by States General, 195.

sincerity about peace doubted, 189, 191
-, peace considered certain if act with sincerity, 191.

Orange faction in advocates continuance of war, 191
-, apparently about to renew war with increased vigour, 196.

French efforts fail to induce to continue war, 193, 199
-, independent attitude of France towards, 199
-, French sympathy with, rather than with English, 200.

unlikely to suffer from English alliance with Sweden, 201
-, Spaniards will always favour English more than, 237.

desire peace with England to take up common cause of Christendom, 201
-, peace more honourable to than to England, 210.

peace treaty signed and sent for ratification by, 202
-, ratification requires meeting of States, 204
-, treaty ratified by, 206.

Moresini tours in, 203
-, talk of attack on Portugal by arrangement with, 209
-, guarantee indemnity for Denmark, 210, 247.

certain to dispute English claim to search, 209
-, will take every opportunity to strengthen merchant navy, 210
-, navigation act enforced against, 225.

will turn to herring fishery, 210
-, needed peace as much as English, because of Portugal and internal dissensions, 214
-, difference between Holland and other Provinces renders liable to civil strife, 215, 217.

turmoil in over secret article excluding Orange, 215
-, dissensions over Orange may lead to break peace, 217
-, attitude does not allow England to scatter naval forces, 220.

defensive alliance with England and other powers, 218
-, exhausted by struggle with England, 224.

remonstrance with Grand Duke for treatment of ships, 221
-, advances to Archduke to get English trade excluded from Flanders, 225, 237.

propose to send fleet to Mediterranean to defend trade from French pirates, 227.

proposal to recall ambassadors in London, opposed by Holland, 229
-, division in over secret article of peace, 235
-, protest of Provinces against Holland, 240-1
-, exasperation in against Holland, 246.

English trading to Antwerp might lead to renewal of war with, 237
-, free passage of English to Antwerp would injure, 248-9.

English disposed to act with, against Portuguese and Orange, 239.

alliance of Holland with Cromwell excites suspicion of other Provinces, 241
-, States recall Beverning and Jongestal, 245.

increase of civil strife in will keep English fleet at home, 245
-, differences in over peace, 248, 253, 258.

ambassadors see Cromwell about internal disputes in, 246
-, Cromwell supports Holland against rest of, 254
-, fleet may be used against, 258, 260.

differences in over Orange, 253, 255-6
-, Holland can prevail against rest of Provinces, 258
-, Blake's fleet may help Holland against, 268.

States-General agree to payment stipulated by Holland, 258
-, Provinces resent secret article signed by Holland, 272.

Cromwell refers to peace with, 259
-, Provinces supporting Orange moderate their zeal, 287.

fleet may be needed against, 279, 286
-, troubles in make Spain need England, 290.

French Canada Company imitated, 286
-, England likely to do utmost to diminish strength and spoil trade of, 290.

-, Council of, President of. See Witt, John de.

-, fleet :

in force in Downs, 2
-, driven off by storm but returns to blockade Thames, 5
-, raises blockade in expectation of storm, 8
-, returns, in command of sea, 12.

seizes Lubeck ships with naval materials, in Sound, 5
-, captures English frigate at Zante, 19-20.

reported victory at mouth of Thames, 8, 15
-, reported landing in Scilly, 17.

scarcity caused by blockade, 16
-, reported captures of English ships, 29.

English may wait till worn by winter service, 20
-, reported reinforcement, 25.

will seek every opportunity to give battle, 29-30
-, appears in Downs to meet challenge, 32.

convoying merchantmen from Rochille, 29
-, fights battle of Portland, 34-5, 37-8
-, claimed as victory, 50.

did utmost to prevent English concentration much more powerful, 32.

losses in Portland battle, 34, 37-8
-, refitting on French coast, receives reinforcements, 39.

functions of the Fiscal in, 38
-, heavy damage done by shot of, 48
-, reports of, in Florence, 53.

Assembly decides shall return to blockade Thames, 41
-, reported refitted and at sea again, to assert supremacy, 42, 50-1
-, show in force off coast, 48
-, in command of sea since last battle, 54-5.

Rupert and Maurice propose to join, 51
-, admission to French ports, 77.

squadron sent to make junction with Danish fleet, 51
-, which will hinder adjustment, 52
-, colliers blockaded by, 55
-, tries to unite with Danish fleet, 82.

numerous squadrons out force English to act, 54
-, in great force at sea, 61.

will always seek an engagement, 55
-, gathering forces for another battle, 63.

on look out for colliers, 60
-, colliers escape, 63.

English sail to give battle to, 72
-, but miss by a few hours, 75, 82.

appears suddenly in Downs, Dover threatened, 83
-, bombards Dover, and sails for Flanders, 85.

fight at Gabbard, losses, 87, 91-3
-, had share of advantage, 89
-, Boreel admits defeat, 91
-, retreat leaves English in command of sea, 96.

prizes might be sold to Bordeaux delegates, 91
-, prizes in Thames, 93.

captures English ships with Spanish wines, 96
-, captures 2 ships in E. Indies, 105, 115.

constantly reinforced, may come out to fight, 100, 106
-, means to put to sea in force, 103.

commissioners suspected of trying to gain time for, 107, 110
-, great efforts to equip, 108.

English ready to fight, if comes out, 108
-, Texel battle, 110, 113-5
-, claimed as victory, 117.

in united with English a peril to Catholic powers, 108.

fleets united and strong, 118
-, out to convoy merchantmen, fresh battle unlikely, 121.

remains in port leaving English in command of sea, 124
-, obliged to put to sea to save Indiamen, 126
-, puts to sea on withdrawal of English through storm, 129-30.

de With out and joined by de Ruyter, 134
-, at sea with 50 ships, 135.

towards Denmark and Norway, to convoy merchantmen, 137
-, off English coast to intercept colliers, 143
-, captures colliers, 196.

activity off Spanish coasts, 149
-, disaster to, in storm at Texel, 150, 154.

proposed ratio to English fleet, 152
-, strengthened with more powerful ships and heavier guns, to remedy disadvantage with English, 176, 181
-, expected to put to sea, 196.

activity over makes peace look unlikely, 186
-, report of French ships joining, 191.

-, in Mediterranean :

strength of, 22
-, mishaps, reduced strength off Leghorn, 26.

action with squadron from Naples, 26-7
-, Grand Duke taking steps to dismiss from Leghorn, 32.

English momentarily stronger than, 36
-, victory over Appleton off Leghorn, 40-1, 44-6, 54.

left in command of Mediterranean, 50
-, proposed disposition of forces, 53
-, squadron leaving for Levant, 56
-, back at Leghorn, 59.

asked not to attack English serving Venice, 56, 66, 69.

expected that all will go to Amsterdam, with convoy, 74
-, squadron off Taranto, 91
-, at Leghorn with two prizes, 102
-, recalled to Amsterdam, 105
-, coming to Leghorn, with prizes, 166.

-, merchants of. See merchants, Dutch.

-, ships of. See ships, Dutch.

-, the Spanish. See Flanders.

Neuchese, Neussesses, M. de, commanding French squadron, turns back on hearing of Blake, 285.

Newcastle-on-Tyne
-, pressed sailors assembled at, 52
-, colliers from Scotland blockaded at, 55.

Nieuport, Willem, deputy of Holland, Dutch commissioner to England :

arrival, 93
-, leaves for Hague to report, 115
-, speedy return unlikely, 118
-, said to be returning with fuller powers, 138, 141
-, expected daily, 143
-, arrived, 144
-, mutiny at time of arrival, 145-6.

Cromwell offers support against other Provinces, 217
-, secret article arranged by separately with Cromwell, 235, 258.

ordered to remain in London, 246
-, courted in England, 253, 272
-, negotiations condemned, 256
-, Beverning leaves alone in England, 290.

Jongstal on bad terms with, 272.

nobility, peers :

Londoners miss the expenditure of, 111
-, invited to meet to discuss maintenance of laws, 132.

Cromwell accused of inventing plot to destroy remains of, 222
-, High Court of Justice intended to destroy, 282.

Normandy, France, proposed inspection of fortresses exposed to English attack, 173.

-, Lower, France, alarm caused by appearance of English fleet off, 204.

Northumberland, of London, negotiations for serving Venice, 248.

Norway
-, defensive alliance in treaty against England, 31
-, Dutch fleet towards, 137.

-, stadhouder of. See Sehested, Hannibal.

nuncios, papal. See under ambassadors.