L

La Corunna. See Corua.

La Fere [Aisne, France] :

Morlachs sent to, 151.

despatches dated at, 246, 249, 252.

Lagerfeldt, Israel, lord of Wygbyholm, Swedish resident in England :

arrival in London, 58
-, presents credentials, first audience, 61.

offered mediation for peace, 64
-, agitates for release of ships, 107
-, every satisfaction given to, 116
-, complains that promises not kept, 119-20.

kept waiting for reply, 137
-, takes leave and departs, 144.

presents credentials from new king, 245.

Lambert, John, Major-Gen. :

parliament asks for inclusion in government, 101
-, on committee to treat with Dutch commissioners, 108.

proposal to put in command of army in Scotland, 125
-, accompanied Cromwell on visit to city, 184
-, rides with Cromwell at opening of parliament, 259.

Langland. See Longland.

Lanneret, East Indiaman, captured off Jasques, 105n.

La Rochelle
-, [Charente Inferieure, France], Dutch fleet escorting merchantmen from, 29
-, Englist fleet seen off, 212
-, possibility of English attack near, 286.

law term, Cromwell postpones, supposed intention to alter civil law, 205.

Lawrence, Henry, President of the Council of State, rides with Cromwell at opening of parliament, 259.

-, Richard, English agent at the Porte :

letter of parliament introducing, 123
-, decision to send, 125.

Paulucci will ask for instructions favouring Venice, 125
-, does so, 136.

departure delayed through intrigues, 134
-, starts with letters for Sultan and Vizier, 137
-, Paulucci to find out about instructions, 144.

laws
-, army demand for reform of, 30
-, reform begun, 78
-, Barebones parliament appoints committee for, 106
-, army paper against changes in, 289.

lawyers, resist attempt to violate sanctuary of Temple, 225.

Le Brune. See Bruin.

Lede, Marquis of. See Bette, Guillaume.

Leghorn [Prov. Livorno, Italy], 5.

news from, 7, 41.

Van Galen honoured at, 4
-, Van Galen seizes English tin in, 26.

Badiley welcomed at, 4
-, preparations of English to sail from, 26.

Court leaves for, 6
-, Montemagno sent to about Phnix, 28.

Van Galen sends to intercept English goods for, 13
-, Van Galen allows merchant in to hire out ship, 15.

value of English merchandise at, 22
-, English plan to free ships blockaded in, 36.

profits by supplying both fleets, 23
-, English send munitions from to ships at Porto Ferraio, 32.

Dutch guard on reduced, 26
-, Van Galen threatens to fight English in harbour, 36.

Vangalen stops French and Genoese ships entering, 36
-, Vangalen returns in triumph to, 44.

action off, 40-1, 44-6
-, numbers of wounded brought into, 41
-, parliament displeased with Grand Duke over, 70
-, English resentment about, 201.

English sailors at large in, 44, 47, 50
-, Badiley's squadron from, 75.

English property at, practically sequestered, 53
-, merchants ordered to remove goods from, 70.

Dutch squadron back at, 59
-, Dutch merchantmen gather at, for convoy to Amsterdam, 73.

great fire in magazine at, 69
-, growing scarcity of ships at, 151.

Genoa would be glad to divert trade from, 70
-, special orders for merchantmen bound for, 112.

Dutch keep virtually besieged, 74
-, Dutch merchants at stunned by news of Gabbard battle, 97.

Tromp at, with two prizes, 102
-, Roothaas comes into with Mediterranean squadron and prizes, 166.

Dutch capture English ship in port, 203
-, Dutch consul imprisoned in citadel, 204.

pope thinks English fleet intended against, 220
-, Grand Duke's measures to defend, 221
-, all inhabitants deprived of firearms, 229.

English expected to avenge affair of, 230
-, Badiley commander at, 231
-, blockade of will suffice for reparation, 246.

troops sent from to Porto Ferraio, 258
-, garrison strengthened, 285.

English ship at, from Algiers, 280
-, ships of Guise's fleet at, 291.

merchants at expecting Blake, 280
-, Blake expected at, 285
-, Blake reported off, id.

English capital at, not being removed, 291.

Dutch consul at. See Vanderstraten.

English consul at. See Read, Morgan.

English naval agent at. See Longland, Charles.

governor of, 69.

to be on alert to prevent fight in port, 36
-, to restrain Vangalen, and arrest consul, 40
-, orders to, about English and Dutch ships, 70.

Lenthall, William, Speaker of the House of Commons :

Stockar presents credentials to, 61
-, calls Cromwell to order, forcibly removed, 64-5
-, talk of calling to account, 65, 67, 101.

had enriched himself enormously, 67
-, demand for loan of 50,000l. from, 119.

chosen speaker of Protectorate parliament, 260.

Leopard :

Poole commander of, 7n.

Appleton's flagship fires on Vangalen in port, 10
-, part in Leghorn battle, 45
-, captured, 46.

Leopold William, Archduke of Austria, governor of the Spanish Netherlands :

judgment awaited upon Cusack, 66
-, Margin may go to see. 159
-, friendly visit to Cond, 192.

sends Romero to congratulate Cromwell, 192
-, Dutch offer to, to exclude English from Flanders coasts, 225
-, not likely to move, 237.

Levant, 44, 254.

Dutch expect to destroy English trade in, 7
-, measures for this, 53
-, they capture English ships for, 149.

Badiley's squadron supposed to have gone to, 50.

Dutch squadron sails for, 56
-, English with Dutch might rid of barbarians, 92.

merchants, peace report current among, 56.

Grand Duke's proposal to send English and Dutch goods to, under his flag, 69.

Fleming asks Paulucci about, 85
-, ship for, 137
-, Marvel well acquainted with affairs of, 163.

fleet captures rich Dutchmen from, 94.

Cromwell promises to send fleet to, 226
-, fleet will convoy merchantmen to, 236.

Viller well acquainted with, 272
-, Blake supposed to be going against, 280.

Levant Company, Turkey Company :

forbad captains to serve Turks, 10
-, will not renew title of consul at Venice, 11n
-, desires recall of Bendish, 125.

largely same persons as Muscovy Company, 29
-, unable to support an ambassador through decline of trade, 125n.

squadron of, comes into Downs, 100n.

private interests of will not be allowed to prevent government acting, 189
-, petition to Cromwell to protect trade, 226.

opposition to any action against Turks, 209, 250, 255
-, fleet sails in spite of, 255.

English require settlement of transaction between Marcheville and, 242
-, claims monopoly of currant trade, 243.

levies :

parliament grants patents for Scotch and Irish, 30
-, of Irish, granted readily, 198.

permission to raise granted to Spain and Portugal, 47.

Spaniards obtain considerable, 56
-, Irish for Spain, 59, 131.

offered to Venice, 56-7, 85, 88, 102, 104, 116, 123-4, 129, 134-5, 139-40, 143, 151, 166, 170-1, 181, 189, 198, 201, 211, 216, 248, 250, 252, 263.

demands for excessive, 151
-, Paulucci expects difficulties over, 194.

granted to Spain and Cond, 152
-, for Spain, 194
-, for Cond, 204.

Paulucci to see two persons about, 197
-, to continue negotiations for, 223, 226, 229, 237
-, he treats for, 243, 245.

of Scottish regiments, allowed to foreign princes, 263.

Leyden [Prov. S. Holland, Netherlands], protests against secret article to detriment of Orange, 235.

libels, published against Cromwell, 174, 214.

- See also pamphlets.

Lilburne, John :

expected sentence, bold attitude causes anxiety, 109
-, trial resumed, 119
-, defence of, need to proceed cautiously with, id.

acquittal annoys government, 122
-, received with acclamation, id
-, removed to Tower, 125.

troops for Scotland delayed because of, 122
-, efforts for release, 125
-, reported from Jersey as put to death, 217.

linen
-, cargoes of captured on Dutch ships, 138
-, French ships captured with, 150.

Lippomanno, Antonio, Savio alla Mercanzia, 11.

Lisbon
-, Portugal, English demand Protestant church at, 6
-, bills drawn on for indemnity to England, 128
-, Neuchse turns back at, 285.

Lisle, viscount. See Sidney, Philip.

loan :

proposal for forced, 119
-, asked of city, 138, 144.

force will be required for if war lasts, 138.

Lomellini, merchants of Genoa, 14.

Lomenie
-, Henri Auguste de, comte de Brienne, French secretary of State, reports Cancale raid to Bordeaux, 215n
-, Fieschi confers with, 293.

London, 107, 115, 156, 178, 243.

letters dated at, 3, 6, 10, 13, 17, 22, 25, 31, 33, 36, 39, 43, 49, 53, 55-6, 58, 61, 64-5, 69, 73, 76, 80, 83, 86, 88, 90-1, 93, 95-6, 100, 102, 104-5, 107, 109, 111, 113, 116, 120, 123, 126, 128, 131, 133-4, 136-7, 139, 142, 144, 147, 149-50, 153, 156, 159, 162-3, 166, 169, 171, 173, 176, 178, 181, 183, 185, 187, 190, 192, 194-5, 197, 199, 201, 203, 205, 208, 210, 212, 215, 217, 220, 223, 226, 228, 232, 235, 237, 239-40, 243, 245, 247-8, 251, 253, 256, 258, 261, 264-5, 268, 270, 272, 274, 276, 278, 280-1, 284, 287, 290, 293.

Paulucci's arrival in, 194
-, Fiesco's arrival in, 270n.

1653 :

naval commanders sent to, for trial, 2
-, ordered to make provision for sick and wounded, 6
-, care to prevent losses being known in, 38.

squadron for Mediterranean has not left, 7
-, not likely to, 22.

confusion in from multiplicity of sects, 9
-, meetings of discontented officers near, 12.

celebration of Spanish victories in, 10.

scarcity in, petition for provisioning of, 16
-, Dutch capture ships bound for, 29.

Badiley stops sending goods by land to, 22
-, Badiley's squadron sails for, 50.

dependence of guilds on silk and goats hair from Leghorn, 22, 53.

beating for recruits in, 39
-, collection in, for wounded, 42
-, men pressed in, 61.

price of coal trebled in, 55, 60
-, impatience in for arrival of colliers, 60, 63.

ships with supplies for, convoyed, 58
-, colliers reach and relieve, 63.

Lagerfelt arrives in, 58
-, Swiss mission to, 66
-, Daugnon's agent leaves, 73.

Medina Celi referred to, for claims, 63
-, Lenthall's removal made public to, 65.

larg forces marched to, 65
-, occupied and controlled by army, 67, 70.

letters for Merchant Adventurer to proceed to, 67
-, ships with wine for captured, 96.

belief in about understanding between army and navy, 68
-, crowded with troops but no cause for complaint, 109.

royal cause alive in, 81
-, Anabaptists numerous in, 160.

Cromwell hopes to win approval, by peace, 82
-, begins to murmur against military despotism, 85.

infantry in marched off in haste on news of Gabbard, 87
-, more troops sent from, to coast, 89.

Dutch prisoners brought to, 91
-, and marched through, 93, 117.

Beverningh arrives at, 93
-, Paganuzzi arrives in with troops, 113
-, Whitelocke returns to, to see son, 150.

garrison of turns out for Deane's funeral, 96
-, Lambert's talents needed in, 125.

news of Texel battle in, 110
-, thanksgiving day in for, 117.

misses money spent by gentry, sighs for old state of affairs, 111-2
-, kept quiet by troops, 112.

billeting in the suburbs an innovation, 112
-, only kept in subjection by armed force, 133
-, number of troops in increased, 135
-, large force in, 146.

Nieuport and Jongestal leave, 115
-, returning to, 138.

discovery of many malcontents in, 118
-, excitement in over Lilburne's trial, 122.

custom in to assert as fact what is earnestly desired, 118
-, patrols in after St. Paul's riot, 142.

libel against Cromwell circulated in, 132
-, all meetings forbidden in, 135.

negotiations for levy in, 135.

loan demanded of, but not pressed, 138, 144.

Blake and Monk come to, to advise Council, 143
-, mutinous sailors in, 145.

scarcity of fuel in, 143
-, preachers arrested in, 187.

Captain of St. Anna comes to, to complain, 146
-, ships for captured, 150-1.

excitement in over Portuguese affray, 156
-, Spanish admiration of Court at, 224.

Marsin arrives in, 158
-, leaving, 159
-, Dutch commissioners expected back in, 191.

chief sovereigns have ambassadors in, 159
-, pleased at dissolution of nominated parliament, 161.

1654 :

Harrison summoned to, 169
-, three sea generals in, for naval affairs, 175
-, Bordeaux's state entry into, 199, 201.

review of garrison of, 175
-, security needed in for levy, 194.

state reception of Cromwell in, 184-5
-, stone thrown at him on return, 185-6.

astonished at Cromwell's assumption of royal state, but submits, 196
-, libels posted up in against Cromwell, 212, 222.

many leave, to assist Scottish rebels, 205
-, feeling in favours rebels, 211
-, search for conspirators in, 219.

peace proclaimed in, 209
-, talk about peace in, 210.

Cromwell keeps considerable force near, 212
-, his unpopularity in, 214, 236
-, majority against government, 222.

plot to kill Cromwell on way from Hampton Court to, 219
-, conspirators intended to get control of, 236.

no one allowed to leave without passport, 219
-, troops crowded into, 222
-, garrison increased since plot, 228, 239.

would support privileges of Inns of Court, 225
-, King reported to be in, 227.

streets picketed with troops, 225
-, domiciliary visits by troops all over, 227.

admirals in, to confer with Cromwell, 228
-, ship taken on way to, 231
-, ship from, at Leghorn, 280.

Venice proposes levy of prisoners in, 229
-, Baas advised to leave promptly, 231
-, Pietro Zanardi staying in, 231
-, Beverning and Jongestal recalled from, 245
-, ordered to stay in, 246.

secret arrangement with Spaniards made in, 237, 243
-, rumours in about Blake's squadron, 255.

returns staunch adherents of government to Parliament, 238
-, Cromwell courts chief personages of, 246
-, pageant of little boys in, indicating Cromwell's elevation, 253.

citizen of imprisoned for threatening Cromwell, 252
-, troops paraded about to prevent disturbance, 263
-, troops marched into, 264, 278.

some members leave rather than take the test, 264
-, but return to, 266.

beating for recruits in, 264.

old soldiers and sailors allowed to practise any trade in, 264.

bills payable in, 271
-, Haro says money very scarce in, 276.

talk at of demanding release of duke of Lorraine, 274-5.

pamphlets circulated in, denouncing government, 277
-, great excitement in, about form of government, 278
-, cargoes of wine and fruit for from Canaries, taken by French, 292.

aldermen of, 184 :

petition Cromwell for parliament, 80
-, harsh reply to, several degraded, 81, 85
-, attend service at St. Pauls, 142
-, Cromwell tries to get subsidy from, 144
-, attend proclamation of Cromwell, 164
-, attend peace proclamation, 200
-, warned by Cromwell to obey, 265.

Common Council :

tenders obedience to army, 67
-, not inclined to grant loan, 138.

guilds, city companies :

reluctant to advance loans to government, 25.

importance of getting silk and goats' hair for, 53
-, objection to allowing old soldiers and sailors to trade, 265.

lord mayor of, attends service at St. Pauls, 142
-, list of lodgers to be supplied to, 219.

- See also Fowke, John
-, Viner, Thomas.

merchant of, 248.

sheriffs of :

receive back insignia from Cromwell, 67
-, part in proclamation of Cromwell, 164-5.

ship of, 248.

-, places in and near :

Exchange, 145.

affair with Portuguese at, 153.

Lincolns Inn, 153n.

Middle Temple, Inns of Court, raided by soldiers, 224
-, soldiers driven out, 225.

Newgate, Lilburne removed from, 125n
-, Pantaleone confined in, 180n.

Palace yard, house of Abraham Williams in, 199n.

St. Pauls cathedral, riot in, 142
-, portion of S. gate falls, 185.

Syon house, letter dated at, 140.

Tower :

Cromwell replaces lieutenant of, 67
-, Cromwell has Spanish plate taken to, 72
-, guns salute Cromwell, 184.

persons sent to, for treason, 118, 121, 127, 133
-, Lilburne removed to, 125
-, Joyce sent to, 133
-, Pantaleone Sa removed to, 153, 180.

army officers sent to, 178
-, eleven persons sent to for abusing Cromwell, 188, 192.

Hamilton escaped from, 194.

Bordeaux landed at, 199
-, money removed to, 225.

conspirators sent to, 219
-, conspirators intended to capture, 236
-, threatener of Cromwell put in, 252.

parliament malcontents sent to, 262.

lieutenant of. See Berkstead, Sir John.

Whitehall, palace :

papers dated at, 157, 159, 210
-, resolution of Council at, 212.

Paulucci has audience at, 136
-, Cromwell conducted from, 164.

Cromwell to reside at, 164
-, he takes up residence at, 196.

ghost of Charles seen at, 185
-, Bordeaux has audience at, 200
-, Cromwell receives Paulucci at, 244.

Long, , late secretary to Charles I, discovered plot to Cromwell, 230n.

Longland, Langland, Longlad, Charles, naval agent at Leghorn :

Sarotti and withdrawal of English ships, 1
-, obdurate, 3-4, 7
-, intractable character, 66, 74.

stops English ships trading, 4
-, Poole has instructions from, 13-4.

Prince Mathias condemns behaviour, 7
-, courier sent to from English ship-masters at Malamocco, 56.

tin laded by at Leghorn, seized by Dutch, 26
-, Sarotti speaks to, about ship taken at Zante, 28.

cannot persuade Appleton's sailors to re-enlist, 44, 47
-, trying to gather a squadron, 59.

unwilling that foreign flag should cover enemy goods, 69
-, has no authority to make arrangement with Dutch, 74
-, to send to Tripoli to redeem slaves, 151.

Longone. See Porto Longone

Lormont [Gironde, France], betrayed by Irish to French, 84.

Lorraine, Henry of, duke of Guise :

to command fleet against Spanish possessions in Italy, 209
-, English squadron will fight, if meets, 237
-, Spaniards say Blake come to fight, 285.

sold or mortgaged all estates for enterprise, 237
-, Sarotti to observe closely proceedings of, 275.

Neuchese on way to join, turns back on hearing of Blake, 285
-, fleet of retires in disorder to Lorraine, 291.

Lorraine, duke of. See Charles III.

Louis XIV, king of France, the Most Christian :

Bordeaux expounds reasons for sending him, 18
-, parliament acknowledges letters, 19
-, Bordeaux has full powers from, 55
-, Bordeaux protests friendliness of, 63.

Boreel informs of victory at Portland, 50
-, and of Texel battle, 117.

comte de Daugnon comes to terms with, 52
-, surrender of Bordeaux to, 109.

Irish levies carried off to service of, 57.

advantages from surrender of Bellegarde, 84
-, loss of Canada does not affect directly, 282.

ready to help Dutch, if agree to offensive alliance, 128
-, has no minister with States, 131.

Bordeaux sent despite relationship to Charles, 160
-, Baas should have come in name of, 183.

Court going to Rheims for coronation of, 173
-, does not wish for Dutch mediation with English, 199
-, Boreel speaks roundly to about French piracy, 227.

reported manner of addressing Cromwell, 200
-, dismissal of Charles shows esteem for Cromwell, 235.

Cromwell surprised that employs Mazarin, 231.

Love, East Indiaman, safe arrival from Persian Gulf, 115n, 127.

Low Countries. See Netherlands.

Lubeck, German Empire :

Dutch ambassadors sent to, 8n
-, Chanut back from, 131.

Petersen sent to uphold privileges of, 17.

-, ships of. See under ships.

Luigi, Luis, Don. See Haro, Don Luis de.

Lunsford
-, Sir Herbert, offer of levy to Venice, 139
-, Fleetwood gives permission for levy, 140.

Lutherans
-, Presbyterians may be called, 160
-, army demands aimed at, 289.

luxuries, practically abolished in England, 111.