L

Laderdaigne, Ladredayne, Ladredaine. See Maitland, John earl of Lauderdale.

La Ferte. See Estampes.

Laffey, Captain of Lefort, 286.

Lanark, earl of. See Hamilton, William.

Lancashire :

Newcastle tries to ensure neutrality, 19
-, preparations to resist Scots in, 32
-, Irish troops land in, 49
-, parliament troops of, 52
-, Boisivon taken in, 105n
-, Newcastle's cavalry moves into, 106
-, Rupert's energy in, 108, 112
-, Rupert leaves, 111
-, Rupert retires to, 123, 126
-, forces go against royalists on border, 133
-, parliament successes in, 228, 231.

Lancelot, John :

chosen leader by English merchants at Porte, 273
-, Venetian merchants pay cottimo to, 286
-, asks leave for Triangle to sail, 310
-, storms against Crow, 313.

Langarne. See Laugharne.

Langdale, Sir Marmaduke, defeated at Malpas, 133.

Langford, co. Somerset :

Cromwell takes, 221.

Langhorne, Colonel, defeats Col. Carne, 249.

Langport, co. Somerset :

Goring's defeat at, 203, 205.

La Rochelle [Charente Inferieure, France], 321 :

Rinuccini leaves for, 208
-, sails from, 221.

Laud, William, archbishop of Canterbury :

accused of dealings with Rome, 8
-, trial of, 68, 70
-, accused of altering coronation oath, 107, 108
-, London petitions for punishment, attainted, 155
-, Lords against attainder, 160
-, weakening, 166.

agitation for execution, 158
-, efforts to coerce Lords to pass attainder, 162, 164
-, declared guilty by Lords, 169
-, Lords pass attainder, 172
-, execution, 174.

Lauderdale, earl of. See Maitland, John.

Laugharne, Langarne, Col. Rowland, defeat at Colby Moor, 209.

Launceston, Launston, co. Cornwall, Fairfax advances against, 250.

Laurenzo. See Lorenzo.

lead :

Dutch obtain leave to export, 99, 101
-, English taking to Barbary, 198.

Leek, Leich, co. Stafford :

Gen. King takes, 60.

Lefort or Fortezza, engaged to serve Venice, 286.

Legge, William, governor of Oxford, king orders arrest, 217.

Leghorn, Ligorne [Prov. Livorno, Italy], 43, 63.

English ship from, 23, 134
-, Ball starts for, 82
-, list of English ships frequenting, 77, 205, 206
-, Sarotti hiring ships at, 199, 203.

Ricaut has goods of E. India Co. seized at, 189
-, English ships trading to, 225, 227, 247, 282, 291
-, Venetian goods sent by, for Levant, 228, 230, 265
-, Digby at, 287
-, English levies to come to, 299.

despatches dated at, 177, 199, 203, 205, 207.

English consul at. See Santhill.

Leicester, co. Leicester :

royalists take, 194, 195
-, Fairfax recovers, 197
-, besieged, 219
-, garrison of sacks Ashby, 246.

Leicestershire :

strong royalist forces in, 103
-, Newcastle's cavalry active in, 104, 106.

Leich. See Leek.

Lenthall, William, speaker (president) of the house of Commons :

Dutch ambassadors' dealings with, 85, 90, 113
-, gives casting vote for Committee, 90.

calls to thank Dutch ambassadors, 101
-, their message to, for peace, 105
-, cool reply to their offer of recognition, 111
-, reception of, 121.

Cardenas writes to about ship, 111
-, signs letter to Venice, 189
-, apology to France for opening Montreuil's despatches, 280.

Leopard, English merchantman, at Leghorn, 177.

Leopold William, Archduke of Austria, ruler of the Spanish Netherlands :

supposed designs on Dunkirk, 316
-, mission of Killigrew to, 320.

Lesina, Liesina, Dalmatia, island of, 236.

Leslie, Lesle, Alexander, earl of Leven, commander of the Scottish army :

manifesto issued by, 71
-, reports crossing Tyne, 83.

some suspicion of, 85
-, asked for help against risings at home, 91
-, attention diverted to Scotland, 149, 150, 167
-, obliged to return home, 171.

talked of as commander in chief, 164
-, secretary of with Mouat, 165.

Digby invites to change sides, 220
-, advances against Newark, 228
-, besieges it, 229.

urged to guard Charles carefully, 300
-, preparing to go to Ireland, 301
-, arrived in Ireland, 309.

Leslie, Lesley, David, Scottish general :

pursues Charles towards Scotland, 210
-, victory over Montrose, 215
-, routs remnants of force, 217
-, reduces Gordons, 313, 314.

-, count, offer to serve Venice, 266, 276.

-, Walter, count of the Holy Roman Empire, 266n.

Levant, English trade with, 177, 213.

Levant Company, 43 :

opposes unlading of currants, 22
-, effect of Bristol trade on, 31, 50, 73.

charters ship to bring currants from Morea, 45n, 103n
-, permission to bring currants from Levant to, 82.

difficulty in getting quorum, 50
-, fresh charter to, 84, 85
-, petition to unlade Rainbow, 67
-, Bromhall's claim against, 119, 120.

propose planting currants in Virginia, 82
-, move against Crow, 109
-, opposition to grant of levy to Venice, 248, 250.

-, governor of. See Pennington, Sir Isaac.

Levant Islands :

promotion of currant trade with Bristol, 31, 48
-, English to be well treated in, 87, 101
-, revival of currant trade in, 125. See also Cephalonia
-, Zante.

Leven, earl of. See Leslie, Alexander.

Levensteyn
-, Mrs., Sabran's landlady, arrested, 143, 145
-, apology for, 146.

levies :

Dutch, for Venice, 18.

English, for France, 268, 299, 315.

-, for Venice, 55, 72, 225, 227, 232, 234-7, 244-6, 248, 284, 290, 321.

-, prisoners of war, for Flanders, 211, 239, 253.

French, for England, 143, 232, 233, 238, 239.

German, for Venice, 266.

Irish, for France, 175, 197, 238, 267, 310, 319, 321.

-, for Spain, 239, 247, 314.

-, for Venice, 266, 290.

Scottish, for Venice, 55, 72.

-, for Sweden, 165, 167, 169, 171.

offers to Venice, 214, 216, 223, 224, 227.

parliament forbids, 296.

Leze, Matteo del, Savio alla Mercanzia, 137.

Lier, William van, sieur d'Oosterwijk, Dutch ambassador in France, confers with Mazarin about next campaign, 163.

Liesina. See Lesina.

Ligorne. See Leghorn.

Lin. See King's Lynn.

Lincoln, co. Lincoln :

royalists take, 9
-, Manchester retakes, 38
-, royalists recover, 42
-, Newcastle's force at, 52
-, king decides to fortify, 94
-, Manchester takes, 100.

-, earl of. See Clinton, Theophilus.

Lincolnshire :

Rupert in, 89, 90, 94, 96
-, royalists strong in, 146.

Lindsay, Ludovic, earl of Crawford, Clafold, Craford, surprised at Alton, 57.

Lionne, Hugh de, Liona, secretary of queen mother, explanations to Nani, 233.

Lisbon, Portugal, 199.

Liskeard, co. Cornwall, letter dated at, 132.

Lisle, viscount. See Sidney, Philip.

Lisola, Francis Paul, Freiherr von, imperial resident in England :

complains of violation of house, 111
-, broken open, 201
-, compensation promised to, 209.

offer to Charles for help against French, 201.

Littleton, Edward baron, the Lord Keeper, flight to the king, 44, 47.

Liverpool, co. Lancaster, parliamentary forces take, 153.

Livingstone, James, earl of Callender, Calender, force under offered to English, 114.

Locarda
-, Margarita, of Vicenza, Bren led astray by, 60
-, sentenced, 63.

Lodan. See Hotham.

Lodun. See Campbell, John, earl of Loudoun.

Lodiam, Lodian. See Kerr, William, earl of Lothian.

Lomenie, Henri Auguste de, comte de Brienne, French secretary of state :

letters to, 105n, 122n
-, letters of, 129, 150
-, sent to order Palatine Edward out of France, 187
-, explanations to Nani about ships, 233
-, will not accept Lenthall's apology, 280.

London, 214, 223, 233, 293 :

advices sent from, forwarded from France, 196, 197, 200, 202, 203, 205-8, 210-4, 217-9, 221, 222, 224-7, 229, 231, 233, 234, 238-40, 242-4, 246-52, 254-7, 259-61, 263, 265, 266, 268, 270-3, 275-81, 283-6, 288, 289, 291, 292, 294-9, 301-3, 305-11, 313-5, 317-9.

despatches dated at, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15, 18, 19, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, 30, 33, 35, 38, 40-3, 45, 48, 49, 50, 53, 54, 59, 61, 63, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 77, 80, 82, 84, 86, 89, 90, 92, 95, 98, 99, 101, 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113, 115-7, 119, 120, 122, 124, 126, 127, 129, 131, 132, 134, 136, 139, 141, 143, 146, 147, 148, 150, 152, 154, 156, 158, 160, 163, 165, 167, 169, 171, 173, 174.

letter dated at, 217
-, news from, 300.

Exeter as rebellious as, 110.

1643 :

reception of Waller in, 2
-, king plans to reduce by hunger, 3, 38.

main prop of parliament party, 3, 9
-, recruiting in, 25
-, recruiting stations closed, 53.

king punishes peasants taking food to, 6
-, parliament delegation to about food scarcity, 6, 7.

measures to purge of royalists and neutrals, 11
-, closely guarded, shops closed, 14.

gains influence at expense of Commons, 11
-, usurps absolute power, 13.

king secures rear before approaching, 12, 14
-, king gives time to recover, 16.

Walloons gather in to move against Catholics, 17
-, king's messenger to executed, 49.

urged to collect taxes, 21
-, shortage of fuel, 30.

thanksgivings at for Newbury, 27
-, triumphant return of troops to, 29.

king's measures to harass, 29, 38
-, importance of Newport Pagnell to food supplies, 32, 36.

encouraged by news of Winceby, 34
-, king threatens with sack, 53.

committee of, to review accounts, 42
-, to provide fund to pay army, 47.

king means to squeeze, 49, 51
-, king promotes Bristol trade to hamper, 50
-, king tries to divert trade from, 53.

king tries to separate from parliament, 54, 64.

1644 :

resents loss of Bristol, 62
-, Scottish plenipotentiaries reach, 71.

determined to live and die with parliament, 67
-, banquet to parliament, 67, 68.

Dutch ambassadors enter, 67
-, recruiting in, 68, 86
-, will have to supply core of next army, 73.

king forbids his people to go to, 74
-, Grenvile hanged in effigy at, 86.

ovation for Brereton in, 75
-, importation of currants permitted, 82
-, desire for coal, 87, 116
-, shortage of coal, 106.

thanksgiving for success at Cheriton, 89
-, serious fires in, attributed to royalists, 92.

king's plan to reduce by famine, 91
-, king hopes to disappoint of early issue, 106.

offer to Committee for war, 96
-, troops sent from to army, 90
-, troops pressed in, 123.

Piccolomini thought to be hiding in, 99
-, royalists expelled from, 107.

supports Commons against Lords, 104
-, pressed for more money, 108.

troops from to blockade Oxford, 110, 118
-, French Catholics imprisoned in, 118
-, Catholics to leave, 124.

king's proximity to, commotion in, 113
-, trained bands return to, 121.

air healthy for queen, 116
-, the head of resistance against king, 138.

peace terms presented by, 131, 163
-, queen asks for news from, 158.

Palatine arrives in, 135
-, Butler sent to, 144
-, Essex comes to, ill, 153.

regiment sent from after Lostwithiel, 140
-, troops from Lostwithiel reach, 142.

new forces collecting in, 146
-, threatened from West, 147
-, king coming to, to impose peace, 149.

control of coal gives Scots advantage over, 150, 152
-, king hopes for rising in, 151
-, king contemplates attack on, 153.

petition from to parliament about Windsor, new elections and Laud, 155
-, petition against Laud, 158.

fear of religious quarrel making trouble in, 157
-, religious differences spread in, 159.

Manchester retained for defence of, 157
-, trained bands return to, 166.

petition to parliament against peace negotiations, 160
-, Commons thank, 164, 179.

1645 :

king required to make peace at, 168
-, Laud reproves for blood-thirstiness, 174.

objects to free intercourse with peace envoys, 168
-, resistance to peace, 170.

ships at Leghorn, 177, 199
-, mission of Padavino to, 188.

Chevreuse may be taken to, 192
-, Sousa expelled from, 202.

report of Taunton's surrender at, 197
-, trophies from Naseby brought to, 198.

report of Goring's defeat at, 203
-, fresh troops levied in, 209.

money sent to Scots from, 205
-, Scots send deputies to, 206.

squib against king published in, 207
-, excessive nos. of prisoners of war at, 211.

Montreuil arrives in, 208
-, Palatine living in, 217.

preparations at against king's revival, 212
-, prisoners from Basing House taken to, 220.

Sir John Henderson reaches, 219
-, question of Rupert coming to, 224.

negotiations in for Venetian levy, 225, 227, 232, 235-7, 241.

Muscovite ambassador in, 229
-, arrest of soldiers in, 231
-, Atkins found unsafe, 232
-, lack of exchange facilities at, 235.

1646 :

measures to prevent king coming to, 240, 253, 254, 256
-, talk of his going to, 241
-, his desire to come to, 242, 243, 252, 258, 278, 286, 298.

payment of debts to Scots, 243
-, dispute between English and Scots at, 259.

commissioners of captured near Oxford, 244
-, Atkins confined in, 244, 245.

taking of Chester celebrated in, 245
-, care to prevent riot in, 263.

efforts in to raise levy for Venice, 248
-, report of king's surrender at, 255
-, few royalists leave, 256
-, king believed hidden in, 259.

king's arrival at Newark reported to, 260
-, Scots want parliament to admit king to, 281.

Hudson brought to, 267
-, duke of York brought to, 270, 272, 277
-, projected escape from, 298.

reception of Bellievre in, 267, 273
-, Rupert and Maurice not to approach, 270, 271.

Father Morgan executed at, 271
-, plague in, 281
-, earl of Worcester brought to, 291.

Montreuil wishes to go to, 277
-, Montreuil at, 280.

signs of dissension in, 280
-, fortifications dismantled, garrison reduced, 291.

offers money to pay Scots, 285
-, memorial to parliament, 297.

offers money for war in Ireland, 289
-, Fairfax received in triumph at, 292.

1647 :

Bellievre coming to, 330
-, his reception in, 301, 305
-, he asks for quarters in, 303.

Hudson summoned to, 302
-, king's children to leave, 310.

Palatine's activity in, 311
-, Lauderdale expected in, 313
-, arrives, 316.

parliament wants army further from, 312
-, Fairfax summoned to, 312
-, Fairfax leaves for army, 320.

loan for Irish war, 313, 315
-, Boswell to be brought to, 314
-, army officers brought to, 316
-, army marching on, 321, 322.

aldermen of, 6, 46, 54, 64, 67.

army raised by, 2
-, London claims to control, 3
-, Waller to command, 5.

Common Council of :

promotes petition to parliament, 3
-, tendency towards peace in, 52.

Essex representation of situation to, 29
-, Waller attacks Essex before, 31.

efforts to raise money for Scots, 32
-, parliament appeals to for men and money, 91.

objects to trained bands being sent away, 46
-, peace discussed in, 64
-, decides on energetic help, 94.

adds to peace demands, 101
-, presents articles to parliament, 152
-, considered, 154.

decides on arrest of royalists, measures of defence, 103
-, in favour of king's retention, 264.

scandalous paper against king 171, 172
-, king asked pass from, a slight to parliament, 243.

offended at parliament's treatment of mayor, 257, 259
-, memorial to parliament, 263, 264
-, reply to, 265
-, asks for reply, 307.

Presbyterianism confirmed to satisfy, 266
-, asked to find money for Scots, 283.

does not agree with parliament's severity to king, 289
-, to have direction of its troops, 315.

lord mayor of, trained bands not bound to move without, 32. See Adams, Sir Thomas
-, Atkins, Sir Thomas
-, Pennington, Sir Isaac
-, Wollaston, Sir John.

-, places in or near :

Derby House, Committee of Both Kingdoms meets at, 76.

Essex House, 49n.

Fleet prison, 208n.

Gatehouse prison, 208n.

Goring House, 301n.

Guildhall, speeches in, upon food shortage, 6
-, upon king's peace proposals, 64
-, banquet at, 67.

Holland House, Kensington, 42.

St. James palace, royal children at, 84.

Smithfield, riot in, 307.

Somerset House, dismantled, 26
-, Harcourt lodged at, 33
-, rifled, 41, 45
-, Richmond and Southampton lodged at, 166.

Syon House, royal children to be removed to, 281.

the Tower, 3, 122, 318 :

Marten sent to, 12
-, Walter Montagu sent to, 30
-, Butler sent to, 144.

Dutch ambassadors received at, 67
-, escape of Maguire and Macmahon from, 139, 142
-, crown plate in melted down, 146
-, king may be put in, 254.

lieutenant of. See Conyers, Sir John.

Tyburn, 271n.

Whitehall palace, searched and plundered, 11
-, Palatine lodged at, 130, 134, 135.

London, English merchantman, at Leghorn, 177.

Londons. See under cloth.

Longueville, Longavilla, Henry II. duke of, goes to attend on Queen Henrietta, 143.

-, duchess of. See Bourbon Cond, Anne de.

Lords, House of, Upper House :

supports Essex, 6, 78, 102
-, draws up peace terms, threatened by mob, 8.

proposes review of accounts, 9
-, reduced numbers, 11
-, new rules for meeting, 77.

some members go over to king, 11
-, law restricting members returning, 115.

Commons nominate members for Committee of Both Kingdoms, 74
-, gives way on question, 76.

objects to Committee dealing with mediation proposals, 85
-, disputes with Commons over, 88, 90, 91, 94, 100, 102.

dispute with Commons over Manchester, 98, 100, 102
-, must give way to Commons, 102, 104.

will not discuss Committee's peace terms, 99
-, city supports Commons against, 104
-, Danish letters directed to, only, 111.

orders release of Boisivin, 105n. reception of Dutch ambassadors in, 121
-, urges reception of king's messengers, 164.

bill for Laud's attainder sent to, 156
-, reluctant to pass, 158, 160
-, agitation against, Essex protests, 162
-, weakening about Laud, 166
-, passes attainder, 169, 172.

Manchester replies to Cromwell in, 161
-, agitation against over self denying ordinance, 164, 166, 169, 171, 172.

will do utmost for peace, fearing ruin, 169, 172
-, opposes reference of peace to Committee, 170.

objects to ordinance but will have to pass, 169, 172
-, rejects ordinance, 173.

struggle with Commons, determined resistance, 171, 173
-, dissensions with Commons, 190.

Commons mean to destroy, 174
-, reception of London remonstrance, 264.

grants permit for Venetian levy, 248, 250
-, majority declares against imprisonment of king, 262
-, approves of peace overtures, 264.

dispute with Commons over collection of taxes, 280
-, feeling against the king less strong in, 283
-, many members favour king's coming to London, 286.

Cardenas wishes to alarm about Flanders, 285
-, orders house for Bellievre, 301
-, grants him a levy, 310.

accepts king's proposal, 298
-, Commons submit terms for king to, 318.

king sends Killigrew to, 302
-, decides to have Oatlands prepared for king, 319.

president of. See Grey, William lord, of Wark.

See also parliament.

lords. See nobility.

Lorenzo, Laurenzo, Isaac, English merchant at Zante, 45 :

harassed about contraband, 103, 104
-, dispute about, 191.

Lorraine, House of, Harcourt most considerable member of, 17.

Lorraine, duke of. See Charles, duke of Lorraine.

-, Charles de, duke of Elboeuf, Charles son of engaged to Anne Gonzaga, 184.

-, Henry de, duke of Guise, Anne Gonzaga engaged to, 184.

-, Henry de, count of Harcourt, Alarcurgh, d'Arcurt, French ambassador to England, 80, 89 :

chosen, 13
-, Charles pleased at choice, 17
-, ready to start, 19
-, eagerly awaited, 20.

Mazarin wants out of the way, 17
-, Gressy goes to meet, 22, 26, 28.

queen offers Somerset House to, 26
-, Dutch jealous of mission, 31.

probability of slights for, 26
-, lands, suspicions of, 30, 35
-, reaches London, reception, 33.

asks for release of Montagu, 33, 74
-, in vain, 35
-, parliament's treatment of, 37.

goes to Oxford, 35
-, his negotiations, 40
-, Manchester and, 42.

his goods stolen, 41, 45
-, makes light of loss, 45.

efforts at mediation, 41
-, parliament reply to, 44, 47, 49, 50
-, encourages London disposition for peace, 52.

difference with Gressy, 48
-, does not escape molestation, 58.

disputes about manner of treating, 52
-, thwarted by parliament claims, 54, 66.

wants Charles to permit recognition of parliament, 58, 61, 63.

Dutch takes heart from lack of success, 59
-, may attend Oxford parliament, 65.

finds parliament averse from peace, 64
-, parliament lost confidence in, 69.

reported recall, 65
-, leaving, king's present to, 67, 72, 74
-, lingers to watch Dutch ambassadors, 69, 72.

angry with Gressy, 67
-, dispute with Dutch ambassadors, 72.

Dutch ambassadors more reserved than, 70
-, leaves for Dover, unsatisfactory results of mission, 76
-, says French should address to Scotland, 76.

arrives at Calais, 78
-, opinion of alliance with England, 80
-, Sabran brings introductions from, 105.

Lostwithiel
-, co. Cornwall, surrender of Essex, army at, 137, 138, 179
-, queen receives news, 139.

changes aspect of affairs, 139.

Lothian, earl of. See Kerr, William.

Loudoun, earl of. See Campbell, John.

Louis XIV., king of France, the Most Christian, 143 :

renews alliance with Dutch, 18
-, mediation declined, 49
-, Queen Henrietta sends to thank, 127.

goes to Fontainebleau, 134
-, meets Queen Henrietta, 150
-, assignment to her, 178.

Augier has letters of credence to, 156
-, will not see him, 163.

Queen Henrietta urges to prevent Swedish alliance with parliament, 168.

Huguenots forward parliament's letters to, 174
-, Sabran only answerable to, 233.

often visits Queen Henrietta, 185
-, declares for Charles, 212, 213.

Rinuccini to treat with, 192
-, patents of for levies, 296.

Queen Henrietta begs for levies, 232
-, money grant to her, 240.

permits prince of Wales to come to France, 251
-, manner of receiving him, 270
-, meets prince at Fontainebleau, 275
-, makes Rupert general of the English, 293.

Louise Henrietta, daughter of prince of Orange, proposed marriage to prince of Wales, 218.

Lovelace, John lord, goes over to king, 11.

Lower House. See Commons, House of.

Lowther, , envoy to Denmark, returned, 111.

Ludovisio, Niccolo, prince of Piombino, fight with Barbary pirates, 215, 216.

Luke Buonasperanza, English merchantman, at Leghorn, 177.

Lumaga
-, merchants, 235
-, remittances through, 246.

Luneburg, Lunemburg, sister of duke of. See Sophia Amalia.

Luxemburg :

French successes in, 12, 15.

Lyme Regis, co. Dorset :

siege of, 106, 108, 110
-, relieved, 112, 113
-, surprise of foiled, 166.

Lyon, Lyons [Rhone, France], courier of, 182.