S

Sabino, Bishop of. See Farnese, Odardo.

Sackville, Sir Edward:
-, eager to serve Venice, 6, 87; waits on Lando, favourite of Charles, 13; expected questioning, 80n.
-, -, -, English ambassador in France, 179.
-, -, selected, 87.
-, -, Richard, Earl of Dorset, 6.

Sacrati, Cardinal Francesco:
-, on commission for Anglo-Spanish match, 158; on commission de propaganda fide for Poland, 213.

Saetta, 285.

Sagredo, Augustin, Proveditore of Zante:
-, despatches, 421, 498, 606.

sailors, scarce in England, 599.

St. Albans, Viscount. See Bacon, Francis.

St. Davids, Bishop of. See Laud, William.

St. George. See ships, names of.

St. Jean d'Angely [Charente Inférieure, France]:
-, Louis approaches, 58; fall of, 78.

St. John, Oliver, San Giems, Sergiam, Lord Deputy of Ireland, Viceroy:
-, proceeds against insurgents, 171.
-, -,-,-, Viscount Grandison:
-, proposal to send to Brussels congress, 335, 341, 393; made privy councillor, 372.
-, -, Oliver, Lord, of Bletsoe:
-, commissioner of Commons to king, 184n.
-, -, Sir William
-, accused of piracy, 519n.

Saint Lary, Roger de, Duke of Bellegarde, M. le Grand:
-, may come to England as extraordinary ambassador about Huguenots and marriage, 266.
-, St. Omer [Pas de Calais, France]:
-, seminary of English Virgins at, 450n.

St. Paul, St. Pol, Count of. See Orleans, Francis of.

St. Ravie, M. de, 609n.

St. Vincent, Cape [Portugal], 422.

Sainte Foy, Santafoes [Gironde, France]:
-, Louis goes to besiege, 325; surrender, 334.

Santes, Xaintes [Charente Inférieure, France], 317n.

Salamanca, President, 78.

Salerno [Prov. Salerno, Italy]:
-, Dominis promised bishopric of 232.

Salice, Captain Ulisse, 377.

Salisbury, Earl of. See Cecil, Robert.

Salo [Prov. Brescia, Italy], 395.

salt, 160, 495, 509, 573.

salt fish, 24, 495.

saltpetre, 431, 455.

Saluzzo, Father Zaccaria di, a Capuchin:
-, sent for to convert Charles, 639.

Salvietti, Salvieti, Amerigo (Ales-sandro Interminelli or Antelminelli), of Lucca, agent of Tuscany in England:
-, account of, 98; hostility to Lando, 98, 99, 111.
-, relations with Gondomar, Van Male and Tillières, 99; Lazzari associated with, 101; Lando tampers with post of, 111.

Sampson, Sanson, renegade pirate, 118.
-, depredations round Naples, 80; doing much harm, 174; captures Martinella, 245, 271, 277; de Lormes asks to restore, 246; raids Gozzi, 285; Priuli to beware of, 384; reported death of plague, 421, 471, 472; apparently still alive, 498.

Sancta Susanna, Cardinal. See Corbellutius, Scipio.

Sandoval y Rojas, Christoval de, Duke of Uceda:
-, fall of, 45; protected Osuna, 46.
-, -, Francis Gomez de, Duke of Lerma, Cardinal:
-, idea Gondomar may fall with party of, 192.

Sandys, Sir Edwin:
-, arrest, 75n; release, 92n; commissioner to Ireland, 154; James explains arrest, 186.

San Germano, Marquis of. See Mendoza, Juan de.

San Giems. See St. John.

Sangro, Alessandro di, Patriarch of Alexandria and Archbishop of Benevento, papal nuncio in Spain, 547.
-, sees Hyacinth, 182; Hyacinth acts with, 213; proposes Valtelline negotiations be referred to Rome, 268; helps new agreement with Grisons, 359; actively promoting Anglo-Spanish match, 492.

San Lucar, San Luca [Prov. Seville, Spain], 394.

Sanson. See Sampson.

Santafoes. See Sainte Foy.

Santa Giustina. See ships, names of.

Santorini, Zorzi, 245.

Sapienza, Morea, Greece, island, 246.

Sardinia, Italy, 421, 471.

Sarmiento d'Acuña, Diego, Count of Gondomar, Golmar, Marquis of Codmar, Spanish ambassador in England, 439, 465, 557.
-, (1621:)
-, favours Polish ambassador, 2, 13; James tells will interpret delay in restoring Palatinate as refusal, 5; Wotton fears to be laughed at by, 8; complains that Savoy no friend to Spain, 9.
-, awaits fresh powers from new king, at Venetian embassy, 20; apprentices punished for insulting, 20, 31.
-, admitted to Council of War, 26; influence over James, ib.; James assigns Nonesuch to, 31.
-, promises restitution of Palatinate with marriage, 29; firm position in England, 32.
-, tells of attempted assassination of emperor, 37; intends to leave England, 41.
-, asks for recall of Algiers fleet, 41; James meek before, 42.
-, confirmed by new king and made steward of household, 48.
-, tells James no wish for peace with Dutch, 50; will not give Digby testimony to good treatment of Catholics, 51.
-, denies report about Philip IV and daughter, 52, 72; tries to prevent new laws against Catholics, 55.
-, James promises not to sign laws against Catholics, 63; tries to prevent recall of Naunton, 64.
-, James lets out secrets of others to, 65; credited with adjournment of parliament, 66.
-, James thinks he has satisfied, 68; James commends sincerity and remarkable confidence, 69.
-, dissatisfied upon question of Catholics, 71; playing to win (by arrests) at all hazards, 76.
-, James consults about settlement in France, 82; announces war between Venice and Feria, 85, 86, 109.
-, wants Mansell's fleet recalled, 87, 108; supports Polish levy, 93; exceptional sagacity, 99.
-, ill report of Lando, 101; explanation of dispute between Feria and Venice, 108.
-, some members of Council supply with secret information, 112; knows secrets, 133.
-, makes great to-do about Mansfelt, 118; astonishment at influence over James, 125.
-, arranges departure of Dominis, 129.
-, distress about marriage, 133; deludes James over marriage, 144.
-, tries to get James to help Huguenots, 135; remonstrates about Vere, 136.
-, wants Algiers fleet to remain at sea, 142, 143.
-, says pope inclined to grant dispensation, 149; courier sent to Spain, 151.
-, sent Lafuente to Rome, 158; Elizabeth's opinion of, 160.
-, parliament objects to licence to export guns, 161; excuses Philip about Palatinate, 161, 162.
-, probable course of action to neutralise parliament, 167, 172.
-, dreads nothing so much as union between English and Dutch, 168; acts with Tillières, 172.
-, offers Spain to join England against pirates, 171; Dutch try to prevent James listening to, 173.
-, intercepted letters unlikely to hurt, 177, 178; denies acting for Huguenots, 182.
-, previous information of king's reply to Commons, 183; approached for release of English ships, 186.
-, sends word of contents of James's letter to emperor, 189; opinions about leaving, 192, 196, 198.
-, (1622):
-, derides Valtelline league, 198; excites hopes of restitution and marriage, 198, 241.
-, reported staying on, 204; James treats with alone, 210, 212; object to keep James apart from Dutch, 212.
-, ordered to stay on, 214; present at prince's masque, 216; says nothing to James about Oglio dispute, 218.
-, wants concessions for Catholics, 215; says Spain will make war on Venice, 215, 216.
-, obtains grant of ships from James, 233; tells Buckingham of Dutch East Indiamen at Plymouth, 238.
-, stirs up James against Dutch, 239; may get more levies, 240; complains of Venice, 247.
-, laments Dutch Indiamen not arrested, 259; Buckingham has long audience of, 261.
-, complaints made by, 262; encourages idea of James marrying again, 270.
-, tries to get Dominis away, 263, 268, 493; attitude about Dominis, 280, 283, 289; arranges departure of Dominis, 305, 310, 338, 345.
-, Lafuente tells dispensation arranged, 274; says Spanish fleet against Moors and Dutch, 288.
-, constant monitor of Schwartzberg, 295, 306; quarrels with Tillières over Schwartzberg, 321.
-, uneasy about leaving out of favour, 306; fears Louis may attempt recovery of Valtelline, 307.
-, suggests James helping Huguenots, 322, 323; James chaffs about Tilly's defeat, 330.
-, farewell banquet and presents, 329; journey to coast, 336.
-, reputed pious at Rome, 338, 348; James promises fleet against pirates, 342.
-, Digby waits for, 365; compared with Coloma, 366.
-, strongly advocates marriage, 384; got Murray and Naunton dismissed, 398; had North stopped and punished, 425.
-, helps marriage negotiations, 403; says marriage will be made even against pope's wishes, 412.
-, member of Junta for marriage, 422, 482, 551.
-, knows all James says, influence with king, 442; control won by, 443.
-, fills posts in Infanta's household, 445; laughs about marriage negotiations, 446.
-, removal made little difference, 448; jests at pusillanimity of James, 449.
-, gets Hispanophiles into Charles's suite, 453; display at London, 459.
-, grants to Venice a pretext for asking favours, 454.
-, Digby speaks to about fleet, 480; prompts Digby, 491; assists nuncio about marriage, 492.
-, accused of ill service, 524; admonitory letter to James, 534.
-, (1623):
-, to go to emperor, 545, 548, 549, 556; says James wants not friends but moderate enemies, 555.
-, leaves for Germany, 573; aware of Charles's journey, 575; said marriage would take place if Charles went to Spain, 582, 583; conducts Charles to meeting in Prado, 595, 604.
-, tells Philip of Charles's passion for Infanta, 604; meets Buckingham frequently, 612.
-, appointed to Council of State, 613, 641; included in Junta, 617; Infanta reproaches, 628.

Sarpi, Fra Paolo, Father Paolo:
-, Foscarini's bequest to, 304; declines bequest, 305; author of History of the Council of Trent, 493, 494; death and funeral, 550.

Sauli, Antonio, Cardinal, Bishop of Ostia:
-, on commission de propaganda fide, 213.

Savelli, Prince, imperial ambassador at Rome:
-, audience of pope about Palatinate, 114.

Savello, Antonio, 111.

Savoy, 7, 273, 366.
-, Digby going to, 69; dispute with Mantua, 89; Lorraine infantry reach, 156; expected to enter league against heretics, 195; in service under Mansfelt, 271; appeal to against Spain, 320; league for Valtelline, 580.
-, Duke of. See Charles Emanuel, Duke of Savoy.
-, Princes of. See Filiberto; Maurice, Cardinal; Tomaso; Vittorio.
-, Princesses of, marriage. See marriage.
-, Venetian instructions to representatives in, 18, 19, 50, 74, 79, 83, 142, 164, 170, 194, 207, 221, 223, 234, 243, 255, 269, 279, 382, 489, 512, 550, 621.
-, house of, 366.

Saxe-Lauenburg, Duke of. See Augustus; Francis Charles.

Saxe-Weimar, Duke of. See William, Duke of Saxe-Weimar.

Saxony, Lower, circle of, 571.
-, proposals to Dutch, 14; Denmark writes to, 29; proposal to include in league, 30; hopes of Palatine from, 54; representations of Denmark to, 159; movement of princes, 497; not much expected of, 499; secret conference of princes, 503, 517; Mansfelt going to, 521; decision of, 547; Palatine sends to, 570; league of princes, 642.
-, -, Upper, circle of:
-, league of princes, 642.

Saxony:
-, news from, 534.
-, -, Duke of. See John George.

Scaglia, Agostino Manfredo, Count of Verua, ambassador of Savoy in France:
-, to follow king, 324; at Toulouse, excluded from camp, 356; to take league to Louis to sign, 562; discussion at Lesdiguères' house, 569; confidences with Pesaro, 597; complains of Valtelline deposit, 642.

Scappi, Alessandro, Bishop of Piacenza, papal nuncio at Milan, 136, 170.
-, perplexed, 83; Feria does not know what coming for, 103; begins negotiations about Crema road, 109, 114, 138; expects advancement from conversion of James, 165.

Scaramelli, Moderante, Venetian Secretary with the Swiss:
-, despatches, 156, 200, 227, 377.

Schlamerstorf, Lieutenant, 227.

Schomberg, Sombergh, Chiombergh, Henry de, Count of Nanteuil, 126, 127.
-, speaks of French affairs, 253;
-, friendly to Venice, 504.
-, -, Sciombergh, M. de:
-, sent to England, 384, 463; James sends back in haste, 388; brings news of capture of Heidelberg, 470; returns to Calais, 477; taxed with loss of Mannheim, 557.

Schon, Colonel Christian, 228.

Schwartzberg, Svarsemburgh, Swartzemburgh, Swartzemberg, Sforzemburgh, Suarzemburgh, Suorzemburgh, Schvarzberg, George Lewis, Count of, imperial ambassador extraordinary to England, 345.
-, preparations for reception, 154; slacken, 162; intercepted letters lead to appointment, 189; starts, 196, 213; to stop at Brussels, 260, 272.
-, to negotiate a peace, 264; artifices beneath proposals, 270; at Brussels, 275.
-, started for England, 281; arrives in London, 287; objects, 288; Dutch not sure of movements, 290.
-, audiences public and private, 294; Gondomar monitor of, 295, 306.
-, Digby wants to hear offices, 296; detained at Nimuegen, 297; tilts, banquet, 305.
-, relations with Lando, 307, 308; and with Tillières, 308, 321.
-, Dutch eager for news of negotiations, 311; Isabella writes to about Mansfelt, 314.
-, tells James of Frederick's arrival in Palatinate, 318.
-, reaches Brussels, 325; to go straight to Vienna, 332.
-, Infanta wishes to assist at negotiations, 344; wants to return, 372; Infanta detains, 373; leaving Brussels, 461.

Schweikard, John, von Kronenberg, Archbishop Elector of Mayence, 352.
-, letters from Spain to emperor for, 467.

Sciefilt. See Sheffield.

Scilly Islands:
-, Spanish fleet observing, 500.

Scios, island of:
-, news from, 277; de Lormes at, 333,

Scotland, 423, 424, 429.
-, levies from for Poland, 3.
-, parliament to meet, 59, 92; grants money to king, 113; 121; laws made by 121; disgusted at waste of money voted, 133; corn plentiful in, 162; Argyle allowed to raise levies in, 237.
-, Dunkirk ship takes refuge in, 238; a fatal quarrel with Dutch in, 247; Bruce sent to for levies, 248n.
-, Dutch levies in denied, 288; Dutch stop levies from for Spain, 297.
-, defences strengthened, 307; ships of at Bordeaux, 336n, 339n.
-, glass workers in, 308, 309; Philip of Hesse to see, 331; Dunkirkers take refuge in, 348, 360, 365, 390, 395, 396, 400, 481.
-, prince of Hesse back from, 364; coal of, 389; soldiers of, in Netherlands, 390.
-, attached to France, 413, 435.
-, extent, population, revenues, navy and land forces, 426; English wars against, internal feuds, religion, 427; gold and silver in, 431.
-, Dutch sailors prisoners in, 468; levies in, 589, 603, 622, 640.
-, sailors sent to fetch Dunkirk ships from, 609, 621.
-, rigour against Catholics in, 625.
-, -, King of. See Alexander I; James III; James IV; James, King of Great Britain.
-, treasurer of. See Erskine, John, Earl of Mar.

Scots:
-, James's reason for liberality to, 40; Louis decides to dismiss guard of. 52; incensed at Louis' action, 53; pirates take 50 ships of, 155; settlers in Ireland, 436; French king's guard of, 457; Irish troops better than, 486.

scrofula:
-, James touches for, 424.

Scrope, Scroop, Emanuel, Lord:
-, expected questioning, 80n.

Sculer. See Stodder.

seamanship, decline in England, 434.

secretaries. See ambassadors.

Secretaries of State:
-, England. See Calvert, George; Cecil, Robert; Conway, Sir Edward; Lake, Sir Thomas; Naunton, Sir Robert.
-, France. See Brûlart, Peter.
-, Spain. See Arostegny; Cirica.

Sedan [Ardennes, France], 414, 462, 466.
-, Frederick going to, 285, 295, 305, 378, 381; Frederick at, 383, 385, 388, 389, 399; fears of attack on, 418, 421.

Segeberg in Holstein:
-, assembly of princes at, 3.

Segovia, Bishop of. See Bricuelas.

Seguso, Benetto, Venetian exile, 309.

Seine, River, France:
-, England may seize mouth of, 115.

Seiton, Colonel:
-, Mansfelt sends to England, 532.

Selden, John:
-, arrest, 75n; release, 92n.

Serbelloni, Spanish commander, 315, 523.

Sergiam. See St. John.

Sexalvo di Galitia, Marquis of:
-, chosen as Spanish ambassador to Germany, 271.

Sfochia, la, 285.

Sforzemburgh. See Schwartzberg.

sheep, 431.

Sheffield, Edmund, lord' Lord Sciefilt: Arundel quarrels with, 53, 55.

Shelton, Dr.:
-, sermon at St. Paul's cross, 462n.

Ships, 455.
-, reprisals upon, 50; merchantmen to be armed, 122; cost of hire of, 163; Gondomar has leave to levy eight or twelve English, 233; detained for king's service, 389; number of English, 431.
-, -, the royal. See navy, royal.
-, a carrack, 371.
-, a saetta, 285.

Ships, names of:
-, Adventure, 392n, 519n, 577n.
-, Antelope, 59n, 113n, 641n.
-, Assurance, 329, 330n.
-, Balbi, tartana, 225.
-, Bonaventure, 143n, 577n.
-, Concordia, 148.
-, Constant Reformation, 59n, 113n.
-, Croissant, of Calais, 519n, 525n, 609n.
-, Dreadnought, 28n, 93n.
-, Fedelta, 169, 250.
-, Formello, 285.
-, Garland, 392n, 519n.
-, Gionata, 394.
-, Hercules, 163, 421, 471.
-, Inheritance, 143n.
-, Lion, 113n.
-, Martinella, 225, 245, 246, 271, 277, 333.
-, Nonsuch, 330n.
-, Polacher, 421.
-, Polacho, 285.
-, Prince, 63.
-, Prince Royal, 577n.
-, Rainbow, 59n, 113n.
-, St. George, 641n.
-, Santa Giustina, 134, 142, 169, 250, 563.
-, Swiftsure, 143n.
-, Vanguard, 59n.
-, Victory, 28n, 93n, 329, 330n.
-, Vidalo, 632.

Shiraz, Siras, Persia, Khan of:
-, helps to capture Ormuz, 376.

Shirley, Sir Robert, ambassador of Persia:
-, at Florence, 361; leaves for Rome, 369; at Vienna, 471.

shot:
-, license to export, 466.

Sicily:
-, promises to Dominis in, 129, 394; Argyle 's troops against Turks in, 233.

Siena [Prov. Siena, Italy]:
-, Medici invested with, 359.

Sigismund III, King of Poland:
-, James taxes with ingratitude, 31; asked to intervene for Palatinate, 93; James helps with money against Turks, 115, 456; thanks James, 170; revolt against, 319; proposed letter in favour of, 335; James advises to make peace with Sweden, 486; friendly relations with Austria, 511.
-, -, son of. See Wladislaus Sigismund.

Silesia:
-, fidelity to Frederick, 51; men of at Hague, 75; James asks Frederick not to listen to, 81; Digby to say nothing about, 95; Jägerndorf makes trouble in, 104; attempt for truce in, 110.

silk, 285, 331, 362, 368, 434.
-, English arrange new route with Muscovy, 155; universal use in England, 249; proposal to forbid clothing of, 250; trade at Aleppo, 311; negotiations with Persia about, 359; from East Indies, 359, 361; Roe's dispute with Grand Vizier about, 369n.
-, from Persia, 381.
-, cultivation in Virginia, 491.
-, taken from Venice to Cephalonia, 495.

Sillery, Selleri. See Brulart.

silver:
-, exportation forbidden, 22; Dutch capture from Lisbon ship, 43.
-, mine found in Wales, 92, 386; in England and Scotland, 431.
-, charge for transporting, 559.

Simon, Denis, M. de Marquemont, Archbishop of Lyons, French ambassador in Rome:
-, letter on reception of Condé, 539; says James knows Spaniards are playing with him, 540.

Simonwitz, Thomas, Muscovite ambassador to England:
-, comes to repay loan, 155; presents offered at first audience, 160; to beg James not to help Poland, 170.

Sinclair, Sir Andrew, Danish ambassador in England:
-, arrival, 3; follows king, 13; referred to Council, 14; proposals to Council, 21, 30.
-, says Frederick willing to follow James's advice, 28; informed of death of Philip III, 32.
-, negotiating league, 38; renews alliance but leaves ill content, 43.

Siras. See Shiraz.

Skinscone, Netherlands, 390n, 472n.

skins, 495.

slaves:
-, English at Algiers, 337, 343, 393.

Sluys [Prov. Zeeland, Netherlands]: attack on, 202.

Smyrna:
-, English merchants at, claim compensation from Venetians, 643.

soap, 25.

Soissons, Count of. See Bourbon, Louis de.

Soler, Cardinal. See Hohenzollern, Eitel Frederick, Cardinal.

Solicitor-General. See Heath, Sir Robert.

Solms, Count Reinhard von, 227.
-, -, Count of. See John Albert, Count of Solms Braunfels.

Sombergh. See Schomberg.

Somerset:
-, cloth riots in, 335n.
-, -, Countess of. See Carr, Frances.
-, -, Earl of. See Carr, Robert.

Sommelsdijk, Lord of. See Aerssens.

Soranzo, Girolamo, Venetian ambassador extraordinary in Spain:
-, despatches, 322.

Sorlinge, Sorlingen:
-, Spanish fleet at, 500.
-, Sotomayor, —, confessor of Philip IV, 551.
-, one of Junta for marriage, 422, 482n; replaced on Junta, 629.

Soubise. See Rohan, Benjamin de.

Sound, the, Zont, 165.

Sourdis, Sourdi, Cardinal of. See Escoubleau.

Southampton, Hampton, co. Hants, 430.
-, -, Earl of. See Wriothesley, Henry.

Sovigo, Giovanni Pietro, steward of Savoyard ambassador at Venice:
-, guilty of murder, 263; pardoned, 273.

Spain, 267, 448, 456, 472, 474, 486, 487, 491, 496, 528, 554, 581, 593, 601, 632.
-, (1621):
-, parliament destroying influence of, 2; propose restoration of Palatinate to children, 4.
-, Lando speaks to Charles against, 5; opposition to Venetian levy in England, 6.
-, Sinclair warns James against, 14; fears that James will listen to, 15.
-, Venetian representations against, 19, 72, 78, 88, 89, 150, 157, 164, 165, 193; designs on Venice, 129.
-, ships built at Dunkirk for, 20; negotiations about Palatinate referred to, 21; English ships against, 25.
-, James deceived by, 26, 30; will not give up a foot of land, 27, 29; truce will give time to arrange affairs, 29.
-, Poland promises to urge restitution on, 31; Digby going to, 36, 41, 61; James realises that deceived by, 38, 52.
-, inclined to truce with Dutch by James, 39; wish to adjust matters in Germany, 43.
-, France will not allow Valtelline to remain in hands, 44; expected to begin war on Dutch, 50.
-, treason in Netherlands in favour of, 57; fear that France concerting with against Protestants, 59.
-, rumoured defeat of fleet, and arrest of Dutch ships, 60; James does not fully trust, 68.
-, Gondomar tells James secrets of, 69; James glad Dutch a knife at throat of, 72.
-, strengthen hold on Valtel-line, 78; quarrels between English and Dutch serve, 80.
-, delude James about restitution of Palatinate, 81, 85; Charles's fear of, 86; levy of in England, 87.
-, pressure on Grisons, 94; foreign policy, 95; menacing Dutch, 96; Salvietti in pay of, 98.
-, Arundel devoted to, 100; spies of, 100, 102; not sincere for peace, 103.
-, views of Hay, Carleton, and Du Maurier on, 105; say dispensation for marriage obtained, 107.
-, dependence of emperor on, 110; dislike development of Bavaria, 110.
-, James's action will give Dutch trade to, 111; James may oppose if fortune deserts, 112.
-, Bavaria eggs on, 113; might not oppose England against France, 116; cunning of, 146.
-, policy to keep footing in Germany, 119; bribery in English Court, 122.
-, hope to profit by Dutch dissensions, 123, 134; stick to Valtelline, 124; deceive James, 131.
-, complain of Frederick being with Orange, 131; try to prevent arming of English fleet, 134; want Algiers fleet to stay at sea, 142.
-, James rails against and caresses, 132; would pay large sum for English marriage, 133.
-, to be included in truce, 135; urge James to keep control in home waters, 137.
-, cross Rhine in force, 141, 147; treat Algiers fleet ill, 143; mean to have Palatinate, 147.
-, James's reason for not breaking with, 149; hopes that James will discover deceit, 152.
-, losses at Frankenthal, 161, 164; corn exported to from England, 162.
-, spread suspicions against James in England, 167; treating Grisons like hereditary possession, 170.
-, no troops to spare for emperor, 174; parliament wants to force James to war with, 175.
-, can easily arrange marriage, 177; help needed to give Bavaria electoral vote, 178.
-, pope arranges with against restitution, 179; James anxious not to offend, 180.
-, Digby's view of policy to, 181; parliament inveighs against, 181.
-, keep English ships retaken from pirates, 186; policy about English marriage, 192, 221.
-, no real differences with emperor, 193.
-, (1622):
-, authors of proposed league against heretics, 195, 204, 255; not likely to give electorship to Bavaria, 195.
-, Dutch avoid offending James by attacking 197; well served by English ministers, 198.
-, Venetian representations against, 204, 237, 240, 254.
-, fear that Palatinate will fall to, 204; James dissolves parliament to please, 208; to help James against subjects, 210.
-, Dutch wish to draw in James against, 211; opposition to Dutch in England, 212.
-, no complaint against about Palatinate, 215; mean to attack Venice, 216.
-, James apparently satisfied with, 218; propose to raise levies in England, 219.
-, Orange says have captured James, 222; deceive own ministers over marriage, 224, 226.
-, James fears to offend, 228; James acts against Dutch to please, 230.
-, promises to Dominis, 232; Trivulzio may yield claims to, 234.
-, think Valtelline settled without fear from France, 235; Jeannin's views of policy, 236.
-, treaty with Grisons, 242; French fear of union with England, 245.
-, great influence with James, 247; pirates damage coast, 248; likely to help Huguenots, 249.
-, Orange's views on policy, 256; offers to Mansfelt, 258; arm 80 galleons, 259.
-, James should ask for passage to Palatinate, 260; James suffers from connection with, 261.
-, conflicting promises to pope, England and Bavaria, 264; Louis no love for, 266.
-, Algiers pirates ready to join Dutch against, 270; Venice may make league with, 271.
-, wish to keep Lower Palatinate, 273; parliament and, 274; not keeping promise about Valtelline, 275.
-, mean nothing by marriage negotiations, 277; really delaying dispensation, 282.
-, Elliot going to, 278; Digby's policy to, 279; fleet threatening England, 282, 288; James has reason to mistrust, 283.
-, Palatine complains of to doge, 286; support Dominis, 289; unwilling to offend James openly, 296.
-, Dutch stop English levies for, 297; persecution of Jesuits, to irritate, 306.
-, keep half Palatinate, 310; dismayed at Tilly's defeat, 318.
-, Venice keeps busy, 312, 313, 316; get James to nominate another for Brussels conference, 314.
-, pirates' success against, 320; displeased at Louis's success, 320; couriers from, 324, 325.
-, negotiations for marriage with Tuscany, 322; make mischief between Dutch and English, 326.
-, Huguenots hope for help from, 327; Rochellese detain prisoners of, 331.
-, may give up Palatinate, 328; would rather give electorate to Neuburg, 334.
-, Dutch wish to see what fleet for, 335; approve fleet against pirates, 337, 342.
-, demand liberty of conscience in England, 336; wish to gratify at Rome, 345; Rome serves wishes, 376, 383.
-, slanders against Palatine unlikely to benefit, 338; turn forces towards Rhetia, 339.
-, agree to truce, 346; advantage of armistice to, 355; way to confound, 356.
-, James's relations with restrain, 360; desire armistice, 363.
-, enlisting English troops, 363, 369; can always spin out negotiations, 365.
-, preparing powerful fleet, 371; galleys of, 394.
-, James may wish to alarm, 372; deceiving James, 373, 379, 387, 398; like to move England to keep France quiet, 375.
-, money difficulties, 378; James threatens, 381.
-, James has ships from with money detained, 382, 385; announce armistice in Palatinate, 384.
-, Mansfelt dissuaded from making terms with, 387; Mansfelt treating with, 389.
-, devastate Baden, 389; obtain bull for marriage from Rome, 392; invasion of Palatinate, 396.
-, propose restoring Palatine's dominions, 394; profit by negotiation, 399; efforts to take Berghen, 400.
-, suspicious of negotiations with Dutch, 397; satisfied about style of Frederick, 401.
-, English levies in Flanders desert, 402; news from, 403.
-, trying to restore status quo in Germany, 409.
-, more anxious to have Palatinate than to please James, 410; James wishes to please, 411.
-, success in Palatinate strengthens elsewhere, 416; devotion of Buckingham to, 417.
-, business to obtain dispensation, 418; negotiations at Brussels, 420.
-, want James to suggest new truce with Dutch, 420, 421; playing with James, 421.
-, estrange English from Venice by bribery, 474; profit by disputes between English and Dutch, 425.
-, predominant influence over English Catholics, 428; James brought about peace with, 429.
-, James thinks invincible, 430; control English ministers, 433, 439, 442–4; cease to fear English fleet, 434.
-, danger to Ireland from, 435; employ Irish soldiers, 436; ready to help James against subjects, 440.
-, use James for own purposes, 441; James thinks can better secure peace with, 445.
-, different views about sincerity over marriage, 445, 446; James may deceive, 447.
-, James would turn against if fortune deserted, 449, 457; behaviour of Charles to, 452, 453.
-, pretend to submit differences with Venice to James, 454; intrigues against Venice, 455, 456.
-, stir up James against France, 457; try to keep James and Dutch apart, 457, 458.
-, nobles remonstrate with James about treachery of, 460; Dutch hope James alive to trickery, 463.
-, resources at Bergen, 462; West Indian arrangements will hit hard, 465; profits from Ormuz, 466.
-, duplicity about Palatinate, 466, 467, 470; Dutch fear declaration of James in favour of, 468.
-, France means to oppose, 473; Buckingham believes war with necessary, 475.
-, fleet in Channel, 476, 478–480, 483, 485, 488, 495, 500; James's fear of offending, 477, 503, 520, 521.
-, play with James, 478, 480; cast down by relief of Bergen, 481.
-, James tired of ill behaviour, 484; Venice stirs France against, 488, 489.
-, fresh proposals about Palatinate, 490; way of getting out of marriage, 492; do not want marriage, 493.
-, James suborned by, 500; real influence with emperor, 506.
-, fight with Dutch in Strait, 503; has pensioners among Dutch, 508.
-, try to get Cologne to tako garrisons, 511; Franken-thal summoned in name of, 514.
-, deceit of, 515, 516, 532.
-, want armistice in Palatinate, 518; remonstrate at taking of Ormuz, 519.
-, attempt to discredit Vere, 521, 527; activity of Venice against, 522, 523.
-, English trade with, 524: Dominis a triumph of, 531; policy about marriage, 531, 532.
-, want to keep things in balance till see what happens in Italy, 533.
-, efforts to subjugate James even more, 534.
-, (1623):
-, fear French moving about Valtelline, 537; hard to find large dowry, 538, 583.
-, league does not want to throw James into arms of, 539.
-, do not want aggrandisement of Bavaria, 547; Simon Digby sent to, 548.
-, might like to make revolution in England, 549; nuncio in France afraid to offend, 552.
-, must satisfy James by reinstating Palatine, 553; raising great forces, 555.
-, formidable progress, 556; publish English match, 557.
-, feebleness of James towards, 558, 568: James might break with as weakened, 572.
-, Carleton remarks on subtlety, 562; free hand in Germany, 564; ambitions, 565, 567.
-, want English marriage to avoid worse enemies, 566; marriage a game to gain time, 569.
-, emperor might oppose, 570; profess not to fear Valtelline league, 573.
-, France against holding Palatinate. 574; England in the hand of, by Charles's journey, 575.
-, peace with Dutch, 577, 588; Venice points out ascendancy, 578, 596, 608; naval league against, 580.
-, emperor will satisfy about Palatinate, 579; Charles's journey not grateful to, 582; know of journey, 590.
-, advantage of journey to, 583, 584, 643; journey to force hands, 585, 586, 592, 600.
-, evil effects of union with England, 587, 597; dislike Bavaria becoming elector, 587, 613, 630.
-, Puisieux against war with, 591; James only anxious to please, 594, 603, 613; news from, 595.
-, Bavaria's intrigues against, 597, 598, 602; procession of English to, 599, 619, 631.
-, want truce in Flanders, 600; Rome favours, 602; French policy to, 610.
-, expected to fulfil promises, 611; likely to complete marriage, 612; pragmatic on trade, 620.
-, Flanders military school for, 614; lull England to sleep, 615; make fuss about Ormuz, 620.
-, want Elizabeth to leave Netherlands, 622; do not change faith easily, 627; Feria drawn to, 636.
-, declare Charles will become Catholic, 637; lack of learned divines in, 639.
-, Mansfelt may be forced to terms with, 640; feel cost of entertaining Charles, 642.
-, Venetian instructions to representatives in, 18, 74, 79, 83, 142, 157, 170, 174, 204, 207, 221, 223, 234, 243, 264, 269, 271, 273, 279, 382, 504, 512, 522, 543, 550, 565, 595.
-, news from, 551.
-, Council of State, 483.
-, Infant of. See Charles, brother of Philip IV.; Ferdinand of Austria, Cardinal.
-, Infanta of. See Maria, Infanta of Spain.
-, King of. See Ferdinand the Catholic; Philip II; Philip III; Philip IV.
-, Queen of. See Elizabeth of France.

Secretaries of State. See Arostegny; Cirica.

Spalato, Archbishop of. See Dominis. Marc' Antonio de.

Spencer, Spenser, Robert, Lord:
-, Arundel insults, 55; Arundel will not apologise to, 59:
-, Arundel apologises, 67.

Spices, 425, 563.
-, spies:
-, numerous in London, 91.c
-, -, See Baldissera; Dodson; Douglas, a Scot; Gio; Michelini; Notari; Salvietti; Watson.

Spinelli, Gasparo, Venetian Resident at Naples, 174, 277.
-, despatches of, 80.

Spinola, Cardinal Agostino: to pay respects to Charles, 614.
-, -, Ambrose, Marquis of Benaffro, 14, 137, 377, 378, 416.
-, (1621):
-, Trumbull going to, 16; reported truce with Union, 21, 28, 46, 56.
-, indications that leaving Palatinate, 29; negotiations with for truce, 33, 42, 84; truce arranged, 48.
-, returns to Brussels, 45; detains Trumbull, 47; Union not serious against, 54.
-, promise of James to, 55; leaves Palatinate, 71; emperor restrains, 76; obstinate about truce, 81.
-, prolongs truce, 86; complains of Mansfelt and Jaägerndorf, 107; moving again, 112.
-, tries to bribe Mansfelt, 112; designs against Palatinate, 118; refuses to prolong truce, 119, 155.
-, moves on Maestricht, 123; expected to attack Rees, 124; sends help to Bavaria, 126.
-, captures Stein, 132; expected attack on Holland, 134, 138; invasion frustrated, 143.
-, truce arranged by, 135; Vere active against, 136; Digby visits, 155, 157.
-, repulsed at Frankenthal, 156; not disposed to give any satisfaction, 161.
-, assures Digby would withdraw from Palatinate if emperor gave leave, 167.
-, sickness in army, 168.
-, (1622):
-, to take all troops to Italy, 196; decides on levy of 10,000 men, 197.
-, raises troops in Lorraine, 216; to provide maintenance for Palatine's mother and brother, 224.
-, sermon against, 320n; trophies taken to, 330; attends Brussels congress, 363.
-, goes to Brussels, 386; desertions from, 390; determined to take Berghen op Zoom, 396.
-, short of supplies, 462;
-, waggons captured, 472.
-, forces reduced by siege, 481, 486; Dutch expect James will allow to enlist English, 488; difficulties of, 503.
-, (1623):
-, blamed for Bergen, 548; may be called off, 580.

Spires [Rhenish Bavaria, Germany]: people of Palatinate send goods to for safety, 65; Vere billets soldiers in jurisdiction of bishop, 130; Mansfelt ravages country, 180; troops of to serve Palatine, 228.

Stafford, Anthony:
-, letter of, 395.
-, stag:
-, James presents to Lando, 85, and to Valaresso, 380.

Starzinich, Nicholas, nuncio of Poland at Venice:
-, appeals to Venice for help against Turk, 27.

States. See Netherlands.

Steen. See Stein.

Steich, the, 523.

Steif, Colonel:
-, forces for Palatine, 227.

Stein, Steen, near Frankenthal [Rhenish Bavaria, Germany.]: capture, 126; Vere tries to recover, 131, 132.

Steinberg:
-, Mansfelt asked to release, 324.

Steward, Dr. Richard:
-, commissioner on Abbot's case, 154n.

Stewart, Sir Francis, commander of the St. George, 641 n.

Stodder, Sculer, Sir Thomas:
-, sent by Feria to Valtelline, 8.

Stonenza (sic):
-, corn of, 163.

Stoutemburg, Lord of. See Olden Barneveld, William de.

Stowe, co. Lincoln, 156.

Strachan, Sir Alexander, 118n.

Strait, the. See Gibraltar, Strait of.

Strasburg, Alsace:
-, Mansfelt demands contribution from, 200; James sends money to, 316; merchants' letters from, 347 n.

Straubing, Straubin [Lower Bavaria]:
-, Simon Digby takes leave of emperor at, 518.

Stuart, Ludovic, Duke of Lennox, 486, 585.
-, Gondomar banquets with, 329; James tries to get Cobham for, 366; entertains Valaresso, 559; remonstrates with James about journey to Spain, 582.
-, -, Frances, Duchess of Lennox, 366n; entertains Valaresso, 559.
-, -, Margaret, Countess of Lennox, Madame d'Aubigny, 586.

sturgeon:
-, presented by James to Venetian ambassadors, 364.

Sturzli, Colonel:
-, forces for Palatine, 227.

Stuteville, Sir Martin:
-, letters to, 31n, 444n, 462n, 530n, 538n, 559n.

Suartzembergh, Suarzemburgh. See Schwartzberg.

subsidies, 200.
-, to be devoted to Palatinate, 14:
-, try to get loan from London on credit of, 15; coming in but spent in advance, 51; parliament grants nothing beyond the two, 67; Caron's exaggerated report of, 73; attempt to raise in advance, 108; collection of second begun, 143; parliament grants one, value of, 175, 180, 182; proposal to withdraw, 184.

Suckling, Sir John:
-, secretaryship promised to, 154.

Suda [Crete], 286.

sugar, 290, 394.

Sully, Duke of. See Bethune, Maximilian de.
-, sulphur, 431.

Suorzemburgh. See Schwartzberg.

Surian, Christofforo, Venetian secretary in the Netherlands, 276, 289, 571.
-, communications with Lando, 5, 94, 321, 348, 349.
-, despatches to Senate, 11, 16, 27, 33, 39, 44, 49, 54, 56, 57, 62, 66, 70, 73, 74, 77, 79, 85, 90, 91, 96, 105, 110, 116, 120, 124, 131, 139–141, 145, 146, 151, 152, 156, 159, 164, 169, 173, 177, 182, 190, 196, 203, 222, 225, 226, 236, 237, 244, 251, 255, 264, 270, 272, 278, 284, 290, 297, 311, 314, 325, 326, 333, 334, 346, 352, 360, 363, 369, 373, 380, 383, 386, 390, 395, 400, 401, 409, 414, 421, 463, 467, 472, 477, 479, 483, 487, 495, 496, 499, 501, 505, 507, 513, 517, 520, 521, 526, 532, 536, 541, 542, 547, 552, 556, 562, 566, 570, 574, 580, 588, 594, 603, 622, 633, 640.
-, instructions and letters to, 226, 543.
-, despatches intercepted, 6; speaks to Elizabeth, 131, 141, 152, 160; Ruppa visits, 151; intercepted letters communicated to, 173; interviews with Prince of Orange, 203, 222, 236, 255, 256, 272, 520, 594.
-, Carleton asks about attitude of Venice to Bavaria, 271; Carleton's confidences to, 360.
-, Elizabeth thanks about Lady Arundel, 370, and for help to Palatine, 373; visits Frederick, 483.
-, suggests possible commanders for Venice, 501; interview with Magnus, 542.

Surrey, countess of. See Howard, Alethea.

Susa, in Barbary, 120.

Sutcliff, Matthew, dean of Exeter: sent to custody, 80n.

Svarsemburgh, Swartzemburgh. See Schwartzberg.

Sweden:
-, English levies not to be used against, 93; proposal to include in league, 241.
-, Dutch ask for money, 552.
-, -, King of. See Gustavus Adolphus.

Swiftsure. See ships, names of.

Swiss, 458, 537, 588.
-, decline treaty of Madrid, 103; blamed for Valtelline, 126; Spaniards demand 50 persons from, 174; embassy to Milan. 194; proposed inclusion in alliance, 241.
-, James blames, 275; appeal to against Spain, 320n; James thinks could have saved Grisons, 379; negotiations at Lindau. 474; Conde é wants ambassador sent to, 504: Spanish claims of, 512; to be invited to enter French league 539.
-, to be told of Valtelline league. 562; put before James in treaty, 631, 635.
-, Venetian instructions to representatives with, 79, 142.

Switzerland:
-, Feria wants French and Venetian ambassadors removed from, 198.
-, Catholic Cantons of, 523.
-, enlisting troops, 19; unwilling to commit themselves, 94; proposal to put Valtelline forts in hands of, 109.
-, Protestant Cantons:
-, Danes propose to include in league against Austria. 30.
-, -, See also Grisons; Rhaetia. Valtelline.
-, sword:
-, presented by Orange to Buckingham, 133.

Syria:
-, pirate ships said to be off, 272.
-, English trade with, 393, 491.