F

Falais, Fallaix (Baudouin du), Int. xvi n.

-, (Franchois de, François du), the Emp.'s esquire, and councillor in Flanders; herald of the Golden Fleece, 138, 223–5, 307–8, 353, 366, 386, 406, 414, 417 n., 445.

-, -, on a mission of q. Mary to England (Aug. 1542), 112–3, 123–5, 127–8.

-, -, appointed (17 July 1542), 113.

-, -, Instructions to, 56.

-, -, -, is to show them to Chapuys and act according to his advice, tho object of his mission being to ask k. Henry's help against the French, 113.

-, -, q. Mary's excuses for not sending a person of higher rank, ibid.

-, -, and Chapuys have audience from the K. (Sept. 1542), 125, 127.

-, -, explain the object of their mission and apply for help, 128.

-, -, the application refused. Nothing can be done in the matter until an answer comes from Spain, 134.

-, -, -, as the Pope might in the meantime succeed in making the Emp. and k. Francis friends, ibid.

-, -, -, besides which (said Henry) it would be a folly on my part to send away my money, and make enemies of my old friends, without knowing first on what terms I stand with the Emp., 125.

-, -, has again audience from the K. (Sept. 1542), with no better result, 132.

-, ordered by q. Mary to prosecute his voyage to Spain, takes leave of k. Henry, 132.

-, -, to be the bearer of despatches to Spain, 132–3.

-, -, leaves London (13 Sept.), 134.

-, -, still at Bristol (28 Sept.), 138.

-, -, in Spain (Oct. 1542), 176.

-, -, sails for the N.W. coast of Spain, under the protection of the Eng. fleet, 134.

-, -, k. Henry consenting at last to afford the help required, provided it be in the form specified by the treaty of Cambray, 133.

-, -, unless, and Chapuys are empowered by the Emp. to agree to that condition, Henry himself will be obliged to go to Flanders, and personally treat the affair with q. Mary, 134.

-, -, at Brussels, as the Emp.'s king-at-arms and chief herald, 306–7, 336–42, 406, 413 n., 414–5, 441–2, 444–7, 453.

-, -, ordered to Calais conjointly with the Eng. herald (Garter), to challenge k. Francis in the name of the allies (April 1543), 307, 338–9, 341–2, 348, 361, 366, 389, 391, 399.

-, -, the Emp.'s Instructions to (May 1543), 142.

-, -, Chapuys' own copy mislaid by the clerk of the Privy Council, 445.

-, -, Granvelle's Memorandum to Chapuys respecting the above, 144.

-, -, on the gov. of Boulogne refusing to give him a safe conduct for the Court of France, —— and Garter, the Eng. herald, return to London, 396.

-, -, q. Mary's let. to, 56.

-, -, notice of, Int. xvi–xvii.

-, (Jean du), son of the preceding, Int. xvi n.

Falcuma, Falcmua, Falmua, v. Falmouth.

Falmouth, port of England, 159.

-, Mr. de Courrières lands at (2 Nov. 1542), 159.

-, gov. of, ibid.

-, -, son-in-law of the, escorts de Courrières to London, ibid.

Farnese, Roman family, 455, 561.

-, -, lords and ladies of the, at Rome, 209.

-, -, how to be treated by the Imp. amb., 455.

-, -, Pope Paul and the, ibid.

-, (Alessandro), card, and Pope (1534–50), v. under Paul III., Pope.

-, (Card. Alessandro), son of Pier Luigi, du. of Castro, 199, 209–13, 260, 400.

-, -, visits the Emp. at Genoa, 375.

-, -, Pope Paul wishing that the appointment of cardinals pass through his hands, 210.

-, -, protector at Rome of the Spanish churches, 571.

-, (Horacio), fourth son of Pier Luigi, du. de Castro, 261.

-, -, erroneously designated as Paul's nephew, 248.

-, -, the hand of Diane de Poitiers' dau. offered to (1543), 261 n.

-, -, -, the French amb.'s mission to Rome said to be for that purpose, 263.

-, (Ottavio), du. of Camarino, son of Pier Luigi, du. de Castro, 242 n., 378, 434–5.

-, -, marries Margaret of Austria, the Emp.'s nat.dau., 569 n.

-, (Pier Luigi), du. of Castro, Paul III.'s son, 242 n, 259, 400, 454, 569, 587.

-, -, visits the Emp. at his landing in Genoa, 375.

-, -, asks for the investiture of Milan for his son Ottavio, 376, 454–5, 569 n.

-, (Ranuccio), abp. of Monreale; of Ravenna, 569.

-, (Vittoria), dau. of Pier Luigi, married to Guidobaldo della Rovere, du. of Urbino, 594–6.

Farvokke, Ffavoke, Alexander, owner of "La Marie Fortunée," of Aldborough, 421.

-, petition of (27 June 1543), 169.

Ferdinand, archdu. of Austria; k. of Bohemia and Hungary (1522); of the Romans (1531), 13, 18, 39, 51, 57–9, 204, 337, 381, 402, 412, 456, 462, 569–70, 578.

-, applies to k. Henry for help and assistance against the Turk, 65.

-, -, the application refused. Money (said k. Henry) is not plentiful enough to be spent in an enterprise without foundation, ibid.

-, not included by the Roy. deps. in the treaty of closer alliance, 244.

-, Chapuys trying in vain to have, expressly mentioned, 245.

-, -, though, not having positive orders to that effect, he no longer insists, ibid.

-, -, as in reality there was no need for it, the recovery of Marano, in Friuli, being expressly stipulated in the treaty, ibid.

-, -, besides which, the Pope might resent the inclusion of, when he himself is not named as a secular prince, ibid.

-, to be fully indemnified for all his losses in the Turkish war, 306, 337.

-, -, as well as all the German Princes who assisted him in the defence of the Empire, 345.

-, Henry promising to help, with a sum of money, against the Turk, 365.

-, -, does so after the conclusion of the treaty of alliance with the Emp., remitting to him 40,000 crs. (Aug. 1543), 456, 460–1.

-, to be consulted by the Emp. respecting the investiture of Milan, 454–5.

-, -, and whether it ought to be granted or not, on certain conditions, to the du. of Camarino, 454–5.

-, his amb. in England, v. Andronicus.

-, -, at Constantinople, v. Noguerol.

-, -, at Rome, v. Sanchez.

-, his treasurers or bankers, 364.

-, let. to k. Henry, and Instructions to his amb. at the Court of England, 363–4, 593.

-, applies to k. Henry for assistance in men or money against the Turk, 593.

-, -, the season being so far advanced, and the distance so great, money would be more acceptable, 364.

-, and Isabella, the Catholic sovereigns of Spain, v. Fernando è Isabel.

Fernandez de Cordoba (D. Luis), du. of Sessa, Imp. amb. at Rome (1522–26), alluded to, 213 n.

-, (D. Martin de), 551.

-, y de Velasco (D. Francisco), son of I. co. de Alcaudete, serves under his father [D. Martin Alonso] in the expedition to Tlemsén (1543), 551.

-, (D. Martin Alonso de), I. co. de Alcaudete, gov. of Oran and Mazanquivir, in N. Africa, 550.

-, -, -, takes Tlemsén and reestablishes on the throne Muley Abu Abdillah, 551–6.

-, -, -, let. to the Emp. from the Council Room (Mexuar), or palace of that city (18 Feb. 1543), 275.

-, de Velasco (D. Iñigo), High Constable of Castille, II. du. of Frias; alluded to, 17 n.

-, -, (D. Pedro), III. du. of Frias; 17 n.

Fernando (Don), k. of Aragon, and Doña Isabel, Catholic Sovereigns of Spain, 573.

Fernés, Frenés, v. Farnese.

Ferrara, duchy and city of S. Italy, 566.

-, du. of, v. Este.

-, card, of, v. Este (Hippolito d').

Ffeland, v. Vlieland.

Ffowell (Howell?) John, master of the "Marie Fortunée," of Aldborough, in Yorkshire; his vessel seized at Middleburgh, in Holland, 421.

-, fragment of his petition (27 June 1543), 169.

Fielande, 439; v. Vlieland.

Fiennes in the Artois (dep. Pas de Calais). Ought at once to be taken from the French (May 1543), 358.

Figueroa, Imp. amb. in Genoa, 383, 447; v. Suarez de Figueroa (D. Gomez).

Finances, ministers or masters of the, in England, 442.

-, -, in the Low Countries, 248, 471.

-, -, Chapuys' frequent applications to the, 175, 427, 465–3, 471.

Fisheries in the North Seas. Had not k. Henry cut off the French from the, the Emp.'s army in Flanders would have been in jeopardy, said the privy councillors to Chapuys, 441.

Fitz William (Sir William), earl of Southampton, Lord Privy Seal, in frequent communication with Chapuys, 9 n., 10, 39, 44, 47, 68, 78–80, 84–5, 139, 149, 161–2, 177 n., 263.

-, perfectly well disposed towards the alliance of k. Henry and the Emp., 22–5.

-, the command of an army to operate wherever it may be considered necessary to be given to (Aug. 1542), 84.

-, to the Borders, together with the du. of Norfolk (Sept. 1542), 124.

-, death of, on board his ship (the "Forward"), on his way to Newcastle, 149 n.

-, -, of the plague in the Northern Countries, 161–2.

-, -, or of his habitual complaint, the stone, 162.

-, k. Henry sends sec. Wriothesley to visit and condole his widow, 162.

-, -, and to withdraw from the house certain papers and effects belonging to him, 162 n.

Fitz Gerald (Thomas), earl of Desmond, takes leave of the K. to return to Ireland (July 1542), 50.

Flanders, 2, 40, 52–3, 57, 59–60, 66, 69, 105, 136, 144, 157–8, 166–7, 169, 214, 227, 268, 270, 273–4, 298, 301, 304–5, 309, 326, 333, 353 n., 357–8, 367, 376, 418, 440, 454, 460, 474, 513, 528, 557, 570, 583,588.

-, in danger of invasion by the dukes of Clèves and Holstein (June-July 1542), 40, 66.

-, k. Henry much pleased at the activity displayed by q. Mary in preparing for the defence of (July 1542), 51.

-, war against the dukes of Clèves and Holstein said to have been proclaimed in (July 1542), 52.

-, two great divisions of the French army to be detached; one to the frontier of Spain, the other to (July 1542), 57, 72.

-, the French preparing to invade, for the third time (July 1542), 72–3, 78.

-, invaded at the same time as the Artois and the Luxemburg, 135, 380.

-, German lanskenets sent by the Emp. to succour of, 136.

-, should the Emp. go to, by way of Biscay, k. Henry solicits an interview with him at Calais (April 1543), 308.

-, -, which the Emp. declines, intending to go first to Italy, ibid.

-, the new invasion of, by the French, and the revictualling of Theronen, said to have been fixed for the 18th of April 1543, 311.

-, French forces collected against, ibid.

-, the most fertile provinces of, having been wasted by the enemy in 1542, the Eng. cannot expect that provisions will be very abundant there (May 1543), 319.

-, -, q. Mary, however, will do her best for the Eng. to be furnished with them, and also with carriage, ibid.

-, though the French have achieved nothing of importance in the Artois and other provinces of, yet the assistance of England is urgently solicited by q. Mary (May 1543), 321.

-, should the French invade, by the Artois or Hainaut, Wallop is to help Du Rœulx (May 1543), 352.

-, the Emp. announces to Pope Paul his determination to visit (9 June 1543), 376.

-, -, cannot on that account stop long in Italy, and hold a conference with him as desired, ibid.

-, -, pressing business requiring his presence in, as well as in Germany, ibid.

-, the French still on the frontiers of, making occasional inroads, though with little or no success at all, and gaining no ground (June 1543), 381.

-, -, the Emp. going thither in person, ibid.

-, the Emp. approaching, 386.

-, should, be invaded before the term stipulated in the treaty, k. Henry would send help; but he wished to know beforehand what measures had been taken there to supply his men with provisions (June 1543), 387.

-, the Emp.'s arrival in, 482.

-, the Privy Council's orders to the Eng. Commissaries with the army in, to get ready a number of waggons and draft horses as well as carriages for their artillery (1 July 1543), 557.

-, -, the whole train to be at Guînes for the 16th of July, ibid.

-, news from (1542), 86, 89 n., 113, 125, 135–6, 174, 293, 393, 321, 348, 357, 473–4, 512–3.

-, the Council of, 46.

-, -, pres. of the, v. Schore.

-, -, sec. of, v. Bave.

-, vice-admiral of, v. Bèvres.

-, Lower, 32–6, 38–40, 72–3, 78, 311.

-, and Burgundy, all ecclesiastical business of, at Rome, to be placed in the hands of the Imp. amb. (1543), 571.

-, and the Low Countries, 32, 34, 36, 40, 52, 59, 66, 68, 86, 89 n., 133, 135, 145, 193, 270, 273–4, 287, 301, 304, 353, 458.

-, -, the ports of, again to be opened to Eng. merchants and traders, 59.

-, -, the Imp. edict forbidding the intercourse of trade with England and the, repealed, 60.

-, -, military preparations of q. Mary in, to resist the French invasion (July 1542), 68.

-, -, k. Francis' preparations to invade (March 1543), 287.

-, -, -, massing troops on the frontiers of, ibid.

-, -, -, has nothing to fear from his enemies, ibid.

-, -, -, unless the Emp. sends thither his Spaniards and Italians, or q. Mary gets the assistance of England, he (Francis) is sure to gain his end, ibid.

-, -, the Regent's administration in, much commended and praised by k. Henry and his mins., 293, 474.

-, -, ports of, all war-ships in the, to be fitted out by q. Mary's order (June 1543), 406.

-, -, -, -, to join the Eng. fleet in the Channel and do all possible harm to the French, ibid.

-, -, no fear, wrote Chapuys, of k. Henry recalling the men he has in, until the expiration of the four months stipulated in the treaty (Sept. 1543), 473–4.

-, -, news from, 133, 135, 174, 344.

-, -, fleet of, v. under Fleet, Dutch, Flemish.

-, -, -, vice-admiral of, in London (9 April 1543), 301.

-, -, merchants of, v. Merchants of the Low Countries.

-, -, Regent of, v. Mary q. of Hungary.

Flandre (Louis de), sieur de Praët, Imp. amb. in England (1523), in France (1534), at Rome (1539), councillor of state (1542–3); to be consulted on Eng.'s affairs, 4, 110.

Fleet, English Royal, 22, 126, 133, 295, 301, 316, 368, 443, 452, 474, 498, 513, 517, 536.

-, -, doing wonders in the Channel whenever it meets French vessels (Sept. 1542), 126.

-, -, one of twenty war-ships to the coast of Scotland, 220.

-, -, cruisers in the Channel (Jan. 1543) capture a ship belonging to the Admiral of Flanders, 250.

-, -, the war-ships of the, being larger, stronger, and better manned than those of the Low Countries, the sea captains and commanders of the Flemish and Dutch apply for some code of naval discipline to be observed when the two fleets sail together (Feb. 1543), 255.

-, -, consisting in March 1543 of no less than 30 war-ships well equipped and manned, 271.

-, -, should k. Henry decide to invade France, the Emp. should send his, and both together master the Northern seas, so that neither the French nor the Danes would dare go to Scotland, ibid.

-, -, should the, meet the French in the Channel, an engagement is sure to follow (March 1543), 276.

-, -, the whole of the, to assemble at Harwich, and then put out to sea (June 1543), 368.

-, -, the remainder of the, being equipped for war purposes (July 1543), 443.

-, -, twelve war-ships, the finest and most gallant that ever furrowed the sea, ibid.

-, -, -, to which k. Henry has added six or seven large ships bought or chartered from merchants (writes Chapuys to q. Mary, 27 July 1543), 445.

-, -, -, the intelligence lately received that the du. of Holstein and the k. of Sweden are arming is perhaps the cause of k. Henry's wonderful activity (July 1543), 452.

-, -, the "King Henry" and the "Marie Rose" the two largest warships of the, ibid.

-, -, were not at the Downs when the Flemish admiral sailed thither, 474.

-, -, 12 war-ships of the, to be armed and fitted out for sea (Oct. 1543), 498.

-, Imperial, of Flanders and Low Countries, 12, 143, 181, 209, 226, 250, 274, 282, 295–6, 299, 312, 320, 323, 406, 433, 446, 461, 473, 512, 517, 523, 535.

-, -, that of the Emp. much stronger than the French, as they themselves own (Oct. 1542), 143.

-, -, the idea of the, helping to the defence of England, if attacked, abandoned for a time during the discussion of the treaty of alliance (Nov. 1542), 181.

-, -, -, q. Mary glad of it, as otherwise the Low Countries could not in case of war with the French, help at the same time by land and by sea, ibid.

-, -, to be fitted out against the Danes and Swedes confederated with France (Jan. 1543), 226.

-, -, a ship belonging to adm. Bèvres captured in the Channel by Eng. cruisers (Jan. 1543), 250.

-, -, -, with perfect reason and right (said k. Henry to Chapuys), for she was armed and provisioned by the Scots, some of whom were on board when she was taken, ibid.

-, -, -, orders for the ship to be released, and her crew set at liberty, ibid.

-, -, should the English invade France by way of Normandy the, being stronger than the French, might easily furnish the Eng. with provisions (March 1543), 274.

-, -, the Emp. bound by treaty to man the, with 2,000 infantry (March 1543), 282.

-, -, q. Mary wishing to know what number of ships is required, and of what tonnage, before she decides how the landing force is to be distributed, ibid.

-, -, Eng. war-ships being generally large and heavy, with powerful artillery, it is natural enough that k. Henry's ministers should wish for them to be of equal size and tonnage, ibid.

-, -, -, and yet middle-sized and lighter vessels would be more useful for the defence of the coasts of Holland and England, ibid.

-, -, code of regulations for the, when sailing, or acting in concert with that of England, 295, 299.

-, -, -, some of its articles slightly amended by k. Henry's privy councillors, 299, 323.

-, -, that of Flanders under vice-admiral Bèvres ought to sail first to the Downs or to Dover (April 1543), 312.

-, -, -, that the Flemish and Dutch sailors may become acquainted with the Eng., ibid.

-, -, k. Henry wondering how the, does not put to sea in view of the French naval armaments on the coast of Normandy (April 1543), ibid.

-, -, -, Chapuys' answer being that Bèvres, the vice-admiral, could not possibly sail without his own ship, still detained in England, ibid.

-, -, -, besides which nothing has yet been decided as to signalling, &c, nor as to the place where the, is to join that of Eng., ibid.

-, -, -, but since Bèvres' ship has already left Eng. waters there is no difficulty for the, sailing shortly to whichever point was deemed most convenient, ibid.

-, -, q. Mary does not consider herself obliged by treaty to send the, to the Channel before k. Henry has actually challenged Francis (April 1543), 320.

-, -, -, since after all, to judge from the language he held to amb. Marillac, Henry does not yet hold k. Francis as his enemy, ibid.

-, orders sent to all the ports of Flanders and Zeeland to arm the war-ships they have, and join the Eng. in the Channel (June 1543), 406.

-, -, to be kept in readiness to help and assist the Eng. in a maritime expedition which k. Henry is now meditating (July 1543), 433.

-, -, only two war-ships of the, and three more vessels, hardly deserving the name of ships, had entered the ports of Eng. in July 1543 (wrote the privy councillors to Chapuys), 446.

-, -, to join the Eng. at Dover or in the Downs for some secret enterprise against the coast of France (Aug. 1543), 459.

-, -, -, what sort of enterprise is meant no one can tell, but as only two big war-ships with very powerful artillery and a landing force are being prepared in England, it must be an important one, ibid.

-, -, -, perhaps one against La Rochelle or some other point on the coast of Brittany is meant, as suggested by Capt. Lartigue some time ago, ibid.

-, -, -, though on the other hand this King's ministers declare that they will not hear of it until next year, ibid.

-, -, ought to sail at once for England and join the English against the French in Scotland (Aug. 1543), 461.

-, -, report of their having joined the Eng. in order to chase the French, 457.

-, -, the fitting out of the, and especially of those of Holland and Zeeland, highly recommended by k. Henry's mins. (Sept. 1543), 473.

-, -, the King's privy councillors again insisting upon the, being fitted out (Oct. 1543), 513, 517.

-, -, q. Mary's reply to the demands of the councillors, 535.

-, -, during the year 1542 the, under Admiral Bèvres, did its duty in every respect (Dec. 1543), ibid.

-, -, -, if fault there was, it was entirely due to the bad weather and contrary winds, ibid.

-, -, -, such a provision, however, shall be made for the year 1544, that there will be no fault on the part of the Emp. or of q. Mary, 536.

-, Imperial Italian, v. under Galleys, Doria, Cigala, Terranova.

-, Flemish, v. Flanders and the Low Countries.

-, of Holland and Zeeland, v. Flanders and the Low Countries.

-, Imperial Spanish in the Mediterranean, principally employed against the Turks and Barbarossa, 363, 381.

-, -, that of D. Alvaro de Bazan, 463.

-, -, that of D. Bernardino de Mendoza, 381–2.

-, French, one of 80 or 100 small fishing craft, returning from Newfoundland, captured by the Spaniards off the coast of Holland (Sept. 1512), 138.

-, -, two vessels, one French, the other Scotch, laden with artillery, and harness of all kinds, captured by the English (22 Sept.), ibid.

-, -, -, two more by the Flemings, ibid.

-, -, report of a, of 14 or 16 ships, being armed at Dieppe (Oct. 1542), 143–4.

-, -, -, destined, as rumoured, to help k. James in Scotland, ibid.

-, -, -, Chapuys informing k. Henry of it, ibid.

-, -, the French evidently looking out for some excuse or other to send their, with a landing force to Scotland (March 1542), 276.

-, -, report of great naval armaments at Dieppe and other ports of Normandy (April 1543), 311–12.

-, -, -, its destination unknown, though it is supposed that it is meant against Scotland, ibid.

-, -, -, k. Henry attaching no faith to the report, for his own warships keep so close a watch upon the coast of Normandy that the Scots cannot possibly receive intelligence from France, ibid.

-, -, -, if intended for Scotland, there is no landing force in readiness (said k. Henry to Chapuys), ibid.

-, -, one of 60 sail said to be ready to put out to sea (April 1543), 311.

-, -, -, k. Francis daily trying to increase that number, ibid.

-, -, -, the news of such considerable armament reaches England (18 April), ibid.

-, -, -, discussion about it in the Privy Council, ibid.

-, -, -, perhaps for Dunkirk or Gravelines, in order to push thence into Lower Flanders, 312.

-, -, -, or to help and assist their own army in case of their invading Flanders, 321.

-, -, in the Mediterranean, 384.

-, -, 16 war-ships from Dieppe, having on board infantry and men-at-arms, sent to Scotland in help of Lennox and the party opposed to k. Henry (July 1543), 434, 436.

-, -, -, some of the Eng. in pursuit of them, ibid.

-, -, one of about 20 war-ships sent by k. Francis to the coast of Scotland (July 1543), 436, 459.

-, -, -, not meeting with the reception the French expected, ibid.

-, -, -, detained at Leith under some pretence or other so as to give k. Henry time to send thither some of his own, 459.

-, -, -, four or five of them captured by the Eng. at sea, and two more by the Flemings, ibid.

-, -, ten Eng. ships, wonderfully well provided with artillery and most efficient crews, sailing against them, 460.

-, -, one consisting, as reported, of thirty galleys, three "galeasses" or galleons, and twenty-one more vessels, joins Barbarossa's fleet in the Levant (Aug. 1543), 463.

-, -, one of thirty sail between war-ships and galleys, defeated by D. Alvaro de Bazan off the coast of Galicia (July 1543), 463, 520.

-, -, -, since then the French have not shown themselves on that coast, 463.

-, -, according to reliable information from Gasto in Milan and Figueroa in Genoa, the, consisting of a number of sailing ships and "galeases," and having on board a landing force, has joined the Turkish, and anchored off Villafranca, near Nizza (Sept. 1543), 468.

-, -, in combination with the Turkish, attack Nizza, 501, 589–90.

-, Danish, of the du. of Holstein. In combination with the Swedish, said to be sailing to the coasts of Holland and Zeland, 125–6.

-, -, k. Henry's order to the Eng. merchants in the Low Countries to return to England with their goods, 439.

-, -, the French boasting that a powerful, of the du. of Holstein, will soon go to Scotland (March 1542), 277.

-, -, -, an Eng. agent sent to inquire into the truth of the report, v. Watson.

-, Dutch, v. Low Countries.

-, of the Easterlings. Rumours of the, in combination with the French, threatening the coast of Holland and Zeeland, 125–6.

-, -, the rumour contradicted by k. Henry, 126.

-, -, -, as the du. of Holstein (he says) has only seven wretched ships for the defence of Denmark, ibid.

-, -, -, and as to the French, they have no wish to sail in that direction, for fear of his own powerful fleet, ibid.

-, Flemish, 312, 474, 535–6.

-, -, vice-admiral of, v. Bèvres.

-, of Holland, v. Fleet, Dutch.

-, of L'Ecluse (Schluys), 474.

-, Scotch; some, and French war-ships capture on the coast of Brittany certain Eng. merchant vessels laden with wine from Bordeaux (Jan. 1543), 233.

-, Swedish; that of Gustav Vasa in combination with the Danish, threatening the coast of Flanders, 125–6.

-, Turkish, 65, 99, 239, 381, 383–4, 406, 414, 464, 560.

-, -, 14 galleys of the, said to have been promised by Solyman to k. Francis, to help him in case of an attack by the Emp., 53 n.

-, -, report afloat of the, being armed to sail for the coast of Roussillon, and help the French there (Aug. 1542), 99.

-, -, one of 80 galleys being fitted out for the spring of 1543, 239.

-, -, -, for the purpose, as reported, of going to Provence and assisting the French (Jan. 1543), ibid.

-, -, the ports of Antibes and Toulon said to have been prepared for the reception of the, 268, 459.

-, -, -, k. Francis declaring that to be a false report, ibid.

-, -, should the, invade the coast of Sicily, 2,000 Span, infantry are to be transported thither, 384.

-, -, under Barbarossa at Lepanto, ibid.

-, -, the Grand Turk's powerful, 560.

-, -, Barbarossa's, on the coast of Italy, 406.

Flemings, the, or natives of Flanders, were the first according to k. Francis' statement to spread the rumour of an alliance between England and the Empire (July 1542), 48.

Flemish fleet, v. Fleet.

-, merchants, 15, 101, 174; v. also under Merchants, Dutch and Flemish.

-, vessels. K. Henry willing to grant safe-conducts to, provided their cargoes do not proceed from the ports of France, 291.

Flessings, Flissinge, v. Flushing.

Fleurus, battle of, alluded to, 1 n.

Florence (Firenza), in Tuscany, 212, 260, 556 n.

-, Aguilar thinking of going to, and Siena to warn the inhabitants of those cities against French designs (Feb. 1543), 260.

-, dukes of, v. Medici (Alessandro de', Cosmo de').

Florentine, a native of Florence, agent of the Guicciardini, recommended by Chapuys to the q. of Hungary (2 May 1543), 324.

-, banker, the story of the, who preached a sermon against usury that he himself might practise it without competition, 30.

Flushing, town of Holland, in the island of Walcheren. A spy of the du. of Holstein at (July 1542), 73.

-, bailli and custom-house officers of (Dec. 1542), 188–9.

-, -, Eng. merchant vessel seized by them at, 188–9.

-, -, reparation demanded, ibid.

Fogeres (Fougères), fortified town of France (dep. Ille et Villaine), capt. or gov. of, v. Chasteau-Briant (Sieur de).

Fondy (Fundi), in Terra di Lavoro (Naples), 258.

Fontarrabia, in Biscay (Spain); k. Francis' military preparations at the frontier of (Jan. 1543), 238.

Forli (Forum Livii), in N. Italy, 570.

Formes (Jean des), Marillac's cousin, returns from France (2 July 1542), 46, 50.

Forward, Eng. war-ship, 149 n.

-, capt of, v. Fitzwilliam.

Fousenberg (co. Guillaume de), v. Fursten-berg.

Fragoso (Cesare), Francis' agent at Constantinople; murder of, in 1541, alluded to, 62, 119, 204 Int. i.

-, -, one of the chief causes for the breaking of the truce of Nizza, 119, 204.

France, kingdom of, 5, 28, 31, 35, 46, 48, 65, 106–9, 162, 177–8, 262, 271, 280, 282, 295, 303, 807, 309, 312, 319, 328, 333, 335, 343–4, 363, 365, 366, 380, 394, 399, 400–2, 407–8, 410, 431–4, 521, 524, 528–9.

-, the alliance against, to be not only defensive but offensive also (May 1542), 5.

-, the invasion of, first talked of (7 June 1542), 15, 32–3, 36.

-, -, k. Henry offering to contribute towards it with 3,000 foot from the garrisons of Calais and Guînea, and 3,000 horse besides, ibid.

-, some enterprise or other against, first suggested by Chapuys to k. Henry (30 June 1542), 38.

-, -, of which the latter highly approves, promising to bear it in mind, ibid.

-, offensive league against, first proposed by Chapuys in the Emp.'s name (30 June 1542), 36, 38.

-, -, very popular in England (July 1542), 49.

-, -, Henry's ministers much inclined to it, and to the war against, ibid.

-, should the offensive league against be stipulated, k. Henry should wish that the Emp. made over to him his rights to certain towns of Picardy in exchange for those he himself has to Guienne and Gascony, 50–1.

-, the militia ("Legions") of, quite ready to invade the Emp.'s dominions (July 1542), 55.

-, war against, to be the principal object of the alliance between k. Henry and the Emp., 100, 106–10.

-, -, an early day to be fixed for the intimation of it, 107.

-, help and assistance against France urgently claimed by q. Mary, 156–7.

-, a sudden attack on Montreuil in, suggested by Du Rœulx and highly approved of by k. Henry, 106.

-, no decided step has yet been taken about the invasion of (wrote Chapuys, 17 Dec. 1542), 185.

-, -, on the contrary, the king's deputies, who formerly insisted upon its taking place before July 1543, now refuse to fix the precise time for it, ibid.

-, the Emp.'s confidential agents and spies in (Sept. 1542), 137.

-, the defensive league against, agreed upon, 156–7.

-, -, q. Mary wishing that in case of the Low Countries being invaded by, the assistance of England should be in money rather than in men, 156.

-, war against, discussed, 220, 262, 271, 280.

-, -, the Emp. much intent upon it, 262–3.

-, the invasion of, readily accepted in principle by k. Henry's privy councillors, though no positive engagements are taken, 185.

-, it will be very difficult (wrote Chapuys to q. Mary, Dec. 1542) to persuade k. Henry to make war against, next spring, ibid.

-, -, the whole being due to the Scotch war, and to the Eng. waiting to see how the Emp.'s affairs in, and Germany will turn out, ibid.

-, abbeys and monasteries in, 187.

-, -, amb. Marillac said to have promised k. Henry that the Most Christian king of, would deal with them, as he, himself, had done in England, ibid.

-, no persuasions of ours (wrote Chapuys, 15 Jan. 1543) will induce k. Henry's ministers to move this year one step against, 216.

-, -, the results of the war with Scotland and the death of k. James being the chief causes of his irresolution, 217.

-, the war with, much desired by the Emp., 262, 284.

-, -, Chapuys to try and persuade k. Henry to join in it, 262.

-, -, every preparation should be made to invade, before the summer of 1543, ibid.

-, war against, decided upon, 284, 407–10, 412–3.

-, -, the Emp. leaving Spain for Flanders, in order to invade (March 1543), ibid.

-, -, Chapuys is to use all efforts to persuade k. Henry to commence war in the spring, ibid.

-, bp. Bonner (Chapuys suspects) had no commission to treat in Spain of the form or mode of the invasion of (March 1543), 270–1.

-, -, k. Henry's privy councillors delaying as much as possible a categorical answer in the matter, 272, 275.

-, the mode and time for the invasion of, again discussed, some of the privy councillors voting for its taking place at once, 273.

-, -, whilst others, and among them Sir Thomas Cheyne, vote for the postponement of it, 273–4.

-, the frontier towns of, are so strongly fortified that it will take a whole year to reduce them, 273.

-, -, was Cheyne's argument for the postponement of the joint invasion (March 1543), ibid.

-, Eng. subjects in, to be protected in the event of a war with that country (March 1543), 276.

-, six merchant vessels of, captured on purpose to indemnify the Eng. of their losses, ibid.

-, after much reflection and thought the two French ambs., Marillac and D'Orthez, come to the conclusion that k. Henry's armaments are not intended against, 279.

-, -, but are only meant to render k. Francis jealous, and prevent his invasion of Flanders, 280.

-, the joint invasion of, strongly recommended by Granvelle, 283–6.

-, -, Granvelle's memorandum to Chapuys to that effect (March 1543), 119.

-, the invasion of, to take place separately and on different points of the frontier, so as to avoid the inconveniences likely to arise between soldiers of various nationalities, 285.

-, should k. Henry prefer helping with money instead of an army of his own, the Emp. would be glad, ibid.

-, k. Francis and his ministers publishing that as they have had one year's respite, all the chief towns of, are so fortified as to be almost impregnable (March 1543), 286.

-, even if the Emp. personally invades, k. Francis will do no more than guard and defend the strong places of, ibid.

-, daily proclamations issued in, purporting that peace is about to be concluded between that country and England (March 1543), 290.

-, -, printed papers and lets. to that effect having reached Flanders, q. Mary orders Chapuys to make inquiries into the matter, ibid.

-, Henry quite determined to join the Emp., in an undertaking against (2 April 1543), 293.

-, advises the Emp. not to command his army in person, nor expose himself to danger and over fatigue, ibid.

-, the plan of the future campaign against, discussed (April 1543), 294.

-, -, in k. Henry's opinion the invasion of, by the Emp., ought to be by Champagne, ibid.

-, -, no time should be lost in investing towns and fortresses on the Somme; the allied armies to march at once on Paris, ibid.

-, should the Emp. disregard his advice, k. Henry will also personally lead his own army into, 294.

-, -, and while he himself invades, by the Calais frontier and penetrates nto Picardy, the Emp. may enter by Champagne, ibid.

-, -, the Eng. meanwhile to lay siege to Boulogne and Montreuil, and then make for Abbeville, as if they intended to march straight to Paris, ibid.

-, -, -, then turning aside strike for Rouen in Normandy, ibid.

-, -, nor would it be amiss for the Emp. to make a diversion in the South and enter, by the frontier of Guipuscoa, ibid.

-, should k. Henry wish to invade by his own frontier before the Emp. attacks, by that of Champagne, q. Mary is willing to help with 2,000 foot, and as many horse at the Emp.'s expense (April 1543), 298.

-, -, but should the allies invade, at the same time, the Q. does not consider herself obliged by the treaty to supply the said contingent in men at her own expense, ibid.

-, the projected invasion of, discussed, 303, 309, 313, 318, 346, 348–9, 366, 422, 544.

-, war to be declared to, as soon as possible, 307.

-, -, Granvelle's Instructions to Chapuys as to the wording of the challenge, 144.

-, k. Henry not having yet declared war to, Mary does not consider herself obliged to send out her fleet, 320.

-, 2,000 foot and 2,000 horse to be furnished by the Low Countries in case of a war with, 330.

-, -, Chapuys wondering how Mary's ministers could make a difficulty about it (17 April 1543), ibid.

-, Chapuys' fresh arguments in favour of the immediate invasion of, 335.

-, -, should it take place before the 15th of June 1543, Francis will be taken unawares, and be unable to raise money or enlist foreign soldiers, ibid.

-, the invasion of, strongly persisted in by the Emp., 399.

-, -, Chantonnay sent to England for the purpose of promoting it (16 June 1543), ibid.

-, the intercourse of trade between England and, to be immediately stopped (May 1543), 344.

-, to be invaded by various parts of its frontier, ibid.

-, k. Henry having asked Chapuys on what side, was to be invaded by the allies, the answer, according to the Eng. ambs. in Brussels, was "by whichever frontier k. Henry thinks it most convenient," 366.

-, -, if k. Henry understood those words as conveying absolutely that meaning (wrote q. Mary) he must have taken for an obligatory engagement what was merely intended as courtesy (June 1543), ibid.

-, -, an explanation demanded by q. Mary, ibid.

-, the pre-concerted invasion of, seems still uncertain (writes q. Mary in June 1543), since the Eng. ambs. [at Brussels] have not yet signified that such is k. Henry's intention for 1544, ibid.

-, a secret and sudden attack upon the coast of, being planned in England (June 1543), 367.

-, -, for which k. Henry wishes to have the co-operation of the Imp. fleet, 459.

-, the names of strong places in, having captains or governors (1543), 372–3.

-, list of the captains of men-at-arms (gendarmes) in (1543), 373–4.

-, causes and reasons for the declaration of war to, specified in k. Henry's challenge to k. Francis, 389.

-, -, Granvelle's remarks on the whole, ibid.

-, great discontent prevailing among the inhabitants of, and chiefly those of La Rochelle (June 1543), 398.

-, -, no time should therefore be lost for the invasion of, ibid.

-, detailed statement of the Emp.'s forces for the invasion of (17 June 1543), 398–9.

-, -, of q. Mary's, for the same purpose, 399.

-, to be attacked by the frontier of Picardy, so as to oblige k. Francis to detach part of his forces towards Calais and Guînes, 400.

-, should the invasion of, not take place in 1543, as agreed, Chapuys is to try that no loop-hole be left for k. Henry to escape through, ibid.

-, the projected invasion of, no longer to be delayed by the Eng. frontier of Calais, so as to prevent the Pope from helping the French now or in future (June 1543), 402.

-, challenge and declaration of war to, read by the du. of Norfolk to the French amb. at Westminster (22 June 1543), 163 (pp. 407–11).

-, -, by Toison d'Or, the day after. (23 June 1543), 164 (pp. 411–3).

-, -, Chapuys' official account of both challenges, 413–5.

-, Chantonnay sent to England to promote and hasten the invasion of (July 1543), 431–3.

-, -, the season (the privy councillors allege) is too far advanced; the Emp. had better go into winter quarters, 433, 515–7.

-, general undertaking against, again discussed (July 1543), 433.

-, -, k. Henry will join in it, provided there is a good chance of success, ibid.

-, -, -, he will, however, molest the enemy by sea, ibid.

-, -, nothing yet decided about it (11 July), ibid.

-, war against, proclaimed in London (8 Aug. 1543), 455, 458.

-, -, a special clause being added to the proclamation, in which all the allies of, are called common enemies of Henry and the Emp., 458.

-, -, -, thereby including the dukes of Holstein and Clèves, ibid.

-, great success of the Eng. auxiliary army in, chiefly to be attributed to Sir John Wallop (Aug. 1543), 458.

-, -, had he not been in command of the English force instead of Cheyne, who was first appointed, the Eng. forces would have done little or nothing, ibid.

-, the Flemish and Dutch fleets under adm. Bèvres ordered to the coast of, 474, 523–4.

-, Henry very desirous that some attempt should be made by sea or land against (Sept. 1543), 476.

-, the Emp. again insisting upon a time being fixed for the invasion of, 496.

-, the fishermen of, apply for a safe-conduct, which is denied to them (Oct. 1543), 499.

-, the invasion of, to be put off until the spring of 1544, 515–7.

-, Gonzaga's mission to England to discuss the time and manner of it (7 Dec. 1543), 527–38.

-, the invasion of, definitively settled, 521, 544.

-, Henry's army of 30,000 foot and 2,000 horse to enter, by Picardy, though not before the 20th of June 1544, 530.

-, coast of, 474, 523–4.

-, ports of, the Turkish fleet in the, 529.

-, frontiers of, 169, 273, 294, 297, 344, 366.

-, -, that opposite Calais, and the English Pale, to be invaded by the English, 294.

-, -, that of the Spanish Pyrenees, v. Guipuzcoa, ibid.

-, news and reports from the court of, 12 3, 46, 54–8, 241–2, 250, 287, 290, 394.

-, -, by Sir William Paget, the Eng. amb. in (Oct. 1542), 61, 149, 241, 250.

-, the Most Christian King of, v. Francis I.

-, Eng. amb. in, v. Paget (Sir William).

-, Imp. amb. in, v. Marvol (Philippe).

-, Marshal of, v. Hannebault.

-, Grand Master of, v. Montmorency (Anne de).

-, admiral of, v. Brion-Chabot.

-, chancellor of, v. Poyet.

Francfort on Mein; the princes and lords of the Smalcaldic League to meet at, 480.

Francis I., king of France (1515–47), 2–12, 17, 27–9, 31, 36, 47, 49, 53, 69, 94–6, 109, 111, 115, 118–21, 128–9, 131,141, 164, 170–1, 181, 184, 191, 200, 201, 203–4, 211, 219, 238–9, 255–6, 267–8, 271, 273, 293, 310, 319, 326–7, 336–7, 344–5, 348–9, 350, 355, 358–9, 360, 365, 394, 396, 400–2, 406, 408, 413–4, 433, 437, 446–7, 453, 459, 466, 487, 497, 523–4, 529, 560, 562.

-, again trying to have his son, Charles, married to the Princess of England (Mary), 5, 219.

-, -, and yet endeavouring to propitiate the Pope, and arousing his indignation against the Emp. (May 1542), 6.

-, -, if, ever entertained the idea of such a match, it was merely for the sake of the crown of England, which he covets, ibid.

-, cajoling with k. James of Scotland in order to thwart k. Henry's future plans there, ibid.

-, his debt to England, 6, 7, 30, 32, 106, 408.

-, -, amounting in May 1542 to one million and two hundred thousand ducats, 30.

-, -, the Emp. refuses to become security for it, 8.

-, ciphered let. of, to Marillac, intercepted and sent to Brussels to be read, 8.

-, so incensed against the Emp. that he is thinking of declaring war at once (May 1542), 12.

-, will on his return from Burgundy pass muster to his army, and march at once towards Picardy, 12–3.

-, aiming evidently at the possession of England anyhow, according to Chapuys, 15.

-, proposes to the Emp. new terms for a lasting peace (May 1542), 17.

-, -, his own admiral (Brion-Chabot) and the Imp. amb. in France (Marvol) to be the commissioners, ibid.

-, -, the Emp.'s answer to, overtures, ibid.

-, daily increasing his forces on the frontier of Luxemburg, as well as the infantry he has in Clèves and Ghelders with the du. Guillaume (June 1542), 18.

-, interpellated by the Imp. amb. (Philippe Marvol) as to that, answers that he has heard of a treaty of alliance being negociated between k. Henry and the Emp., 18.

-, -, the concentration of troops ordered by his ministers is only meant for the defence of France, ibid.

-, sends a gentleman of his chamber with a message to q. Mary, ibid; v. Regne.

-, much alarmed at the naval armaments in the ports of England, 50.

-, -, orders his ambs. in England to make inquiries and report, ibid.

-, informs k. Henry that, hearing the Flemings say that they expect money and men from England to carry on war against him, he is determined to forestall his enemies and invade the Low Countries (July 1542), 48.

-, sends Claude de L'Aubespine on a mission to k. Henry (3 July 1543), 54–8.

-, makes preparations for war, 56–7.

-, writes to L'Aubespine, his amb. in England, that it is not he, but the Emp. and his bro. Ferdinand who have brought the Turk into Europe (July 1542), 57.

-, -, since they have often solicited his alliance and offered to pay him tribute and become his slaves, ibid.

-, his ordinary revenue so much increased of late that he will be able to carry on war against the Emp., 56.

-, -, and call together the arrièreban of his army, amounting to 80,000 men, ibid.

-, accuses the Emp. and his bro. the k. of the Romans of having sent ambs. to the Turk, 57.

-, -, the "Grand Signor" having rejected their overtures of peace, they gave out that he was the cause of it, ibid.

-, -, as to himself, far from inducing the Turk to come down upon Christendom, as pretended, he has done all he could to dissuade him, and given permission to the Sultan's subjects to trade with France, ibid.

-, -, that is all he can say in answer to the calumnious reports of his enemies, ibid.

-, declares war to the Emp. (12 July 1543), 62–3.

-, deliberating to suppress the monasteries in his kingdom (July 1542), 69.

-, approaching the frontiers of Flanders at the head of a large division of his men-at-arms (July 1542), 70.

-, said to have contracted a marriage alliance with k. James for the sole purpose of securing the services of 20,000 Scotch (June 1542), ibid.

-, -, to help him in his various warlike undertakings, ibid.

-, advancing at the head of considerable forces against Flanders and the Low Countries, 70–71.

-, invades the Luxemburg (13 July 1542), 71.

-, -, makes another attack on the side of Clèves (15 July), 72.

-, -, and a third on the frontier of Artois and Lower Flanders, ibid.

-, the time for the declaration of war to, to be fixed as soon as possible (wrote q. Mary to Chapuys, 12 Aug. 1542), 107.

-, -, cannot be delayed any longer, considering his alliance and relations with the Turk, 107, 109, 150, 181, 203.

-, declares war to the Emp. in worse terms than to a pagan or infidel king (Aug. 1542), 122.

-, invades the Span. Roussillon, and lays siege to Perpignan, ibid.

-, called by Henry "an enemy worse than the Turk," 132.

-, the appellative "Turk number 2" given by Chapuys to, 273.

-, the constant disturber of the peace of Christendom, 230, 235.

-, his army on the side of Pamplona to join that of Narbonne, 136.

-, sporting and hunting between Carcassone and Narbonne while his army is laying siege to Perpignan in the Roussillon (Sept. 1542), 137.

-, -, the Swiss having been defeated in a sally of the garrison, orders the siege to be raised and retires to Narbonne, ibid.

-, Pope Paul undertakes to defend, against the accusations of the Imp. amb. at Rome, 203–5.

-, it is the Emp. and his brother Ferdinand (said Paul) who have brought the Turk into Europe, 204.

-, -, not he, as his enemies have calumniously stated, ibid.

-, marching at the head of his army to the frontier of Spain, 205.

-, greatly offended at the Emp. not considering his word of honour a sufficient guarantee for the security of Italy, 206.

-, if Milan be given to, the Apostolic See and the Venetians will be securities (Paul alleged) for the peace of Italy, 206.

-, the report of, having prepared the ports of Toulon and Antibes for the reception of the Turkish fleet in 1542, quite untrue (said Pope Paul, March 1543), 208.

-, as his own subjects had cast on him the imputation of having sent for the Turks, he wished to let them know that he could very well without their assistance make war on the Emp., ibid.

-, -, which assertion Aguilar contradicts by saying that from a prince unaccustomed to keep his promises, however solemn, not even an oath could be accepted, ibid.

-, -, -, and that neither the Apostolic See nor the Venetians could be substantial securities in the case, ibid.

-, his treaty with the k. of Sweden and his adherents (1541), 219.

-, -, draft of, taken to Scotland by Morvilliers to show to k. James, ibid.

-, -, -, to be exhibited also in k. Henry's Privy Council, Int. xxviii.

-, -, -, though, according to information procured by Chapuys, the draft was never shown to the councillors, 85.

-, -, -, the excuse being that it would be shown to Paget in Paris, ibid.

-, writes to his amb. in England (Marillac) to contradict the false reports circulated by the Emp.'s ministers about him and his alliance with the Turk (Jan. 1543), 218.

-, -, his letter to that effect copied for Chapuys by a familiar friend of the French amb., ibid.

-, his military preparations, and massing of German lanskenets (Jan. 1543), 238.

-, -, particularly on the frontiers of Fontarrabia and Navarre, ibid.

-, still plotting; his chief hope consisting in taking by surprise some town of Flanders or of the Low Countries (Feb. 1543), 241.

-, -, or invading the Emp.'s dominions, 242.

-, two royal commissioners and one treasurer of, murdered at La Rochelle (1542), 234.

-, will do nothing else for that year (1543), 242.

-, causes Van Rossen and the Clèvese to invade the Low Countries (Feb. 1543), 252–3.

-, a personage from his Court will shortly come to Rome (wrote Aguilar to the Emp. 28 Feb. 1543), 259.

-, -, two more will go to Trent for the purpose of protesting against the Council being held thereat, ibid.

-, asks the Pope for help and assistance against England, 260.

-, receives card. Sadoletto with the greatest honours, and kindly listens to his oration, 265.

-, -, but declines Paul's invitation to an interview with the Emp. at Bologna, ibid.

-, foreign capts. in the service of, dismissed without being paid, 271.

-, -, and wandering about the streets of Paris (wrote Paget), ibid.

-, his friendship and alliance with Solyman, one of the principal causes of the troubles of Christendom, 273.

-, no better time and opportunity to attack him than the present (wrote Granvelle to Chapuys, March–April 1543), 283.

-, -, and at once, for fear he should molest k. Henry in Scotland and elsewhere, 284.

-, has neither sufficient forces nor able generals to carry on war, 283.

-, is universally detested by all the Christian powers for his alliance with the Turk, ibid.

-, his subjects exceedingly displeased and indignant with him (March 1543), 284.

-, the people of La Rochelle in open revolt against, ibid.

-, -, so much so that he and his privy councillors are afraid of a civil war, ibid.

-, intending to make only a defensive war in 1543, but collecting resources for the following year (March 1543), 287.

-, in no fear of the Low Countries unless the Emp. sends thither his Italians or Spaniards, ibid.

-, -, or q. Mary obtains assistance from England, ibid.

-, said to have intelligences in Burgundy (March 1543), 287.

-, hearing that 4,000 lanskenets of the Emp. are marching on Valenciennes, orders his own in Brittany to go to the frontiers of Flanders (March 1543), 287.

-, rumours of peace between, and k. Henry, 290.

-, -, Chapuys instructed by q. Mary to investigate them (29 March 1543), ibid.

-, soliciting Paul's aid against England for the purpose of encouraging the party he boasts of having in Scotland, 291.

-, apparently yielding to Paul's suggestions of peace, ibid.

-, feigning to be as mild and courteous as possible with the Emp. that he may escape this next spring from ruin and destruction (Nov. 1542), 292.

-, the opportunity is at hand for attacking, in his own dominions, ibid.

-, -, for he has no one to help and assist him except the Turk, his ally and confederate, ibid.

-, -, -, whose aid, is now soliciting harder than ever (March 1543), ibid.

-, war to be intimated to (May 1543), 335.

-, -, the two heralds, Toison d'Or and Garter, going to Calais for the purpose, 338–9; v. also under Fallaix and Barker.

-, at the instigation of, the Turk has been daily advancing into Europe, 337.

-, the troubles and divisions existing in Christendom are caused entirely by ibid.

-, declares that he will not leave the Artois until he has conquered the whole of it, 355.

-, -, collecting meanwhile an army of upwards of 30,000 foot and 8,000 horse to invade Flanders and the Low Countries (June 1543), 364.

-, 10,000 men, exclusive of foreigners, ready to take the field, 365.

-, k. Henry ready to back and ratify all the Emp.'s demands contained in the intimation of war to, 389.

-, to give up Provence, the Dauphinois, and the adjacent territories to the Emp., 413.

-, Normandy, Gascogne, and Guienne to be restored to k. Henry, 411.

-, unless the above demands are fully complied with, war to be made to, until the whole of the provinces of France, to which each of the allies lays claim, be conquered, 410.

-, in the field at the head of his army, 425.

-, challenge of war to (22 June 1543), 167.

-, -, by the du. of Norfolk in k. Henry's name, 407–11.

-, -, by Fallaix, the herald, in that of the Emp. (23 June), 411–3.

-, summoned by the allies, among other items, to forsake the Turk's alliance, 408, 411.

-, -, to restore all the towns and castles taken from the Emp. during the last war, 412–3.

-, -, to pay his debt in full to k. Henry, 410.

-, -, to restore Piedmont to the du. of Savoy (Carlo) and indemnify the k. of the Romans (Ferdinand) of all his expenses in his wars with the Turk, 412.

-, -, to release all the prisoners treacherously taken at sea, as well as the Eng. merchants he detains without reason, 410.

-, -, -, and abstain in future from all dealings with the Scots, ibid.

-, asks in vain for the prorogation of the term granted in the challenge of the allies, that he may be able to answer (1 June 1543), 420, 435.

-, -, most of his ministers and councillors being away from court, cannot reply to the accusations contained in that document, ibid.

-, doing all he can to avoid war in the summer so that he may during winter strengthen himself against the allies (June 1543), 398.

-, intercepted lets, of, show that he has often complained of the Emp.'s treaty with England, 401.

-, -, and solicited the assistance of the Holy See against k. Henry, ibid.

-, -, pretending that the object of the treaty is to make the Pope lose the obedience of Scotland and France, ibid.

-, -, formally promises to help the See against England, ibid.

-, the Emp. declares to Pope Paul that should, attack England, he will help and assist k. Henry to the utmost of his power (June 1543), 426.

-, -, and consider the Pope's aid to, as given against himself, ibid.

-, Chantonnay instructed to communicate to k. Henry the Emp.'s resolution. ibid.

-, about to join the du. of Clèves at Heinsberg, 432–4, 436–7.

-, enters the Hainaut accompanied by his two sons, Henri the Dauphin, and Charles, du. of Orleans, 432.

-, q. Mary's military preparations to meet with the help of England, 432–3.

-, writes to k. Henry that the state of his affairs is more prosperous than ever (24 June 1543), 435.

-, -, and that he has a large army under his command to commence war, ibid.

-, -, the du. of Clèves' discomfiture at Sittaërt (July 1543) the cause of, not joining him, as he fully intended, 436.

-, laying siege to Marolles, in the Hainaut, and boasting that he will wait there for the Emp. and offer him battle (July 1543), 437.

-, -, after upwards of a fortnight spent there, raises the siege of the place, and retires into his own kingdom, 437, 456.

-, solicits again the help of the Gueldrese, 437.

-, offers to k. Henry to withdraw entirely from the field, provided he consents to become the arbitrator of the dispute between him and the Emp., ibid.

-, as most of his privy councillors reside in Paris, and he himself is away, he cannot answer within the term of 20 days the complaints set down in the preamble to the intimation of war (July 1543), 443–4, 446.

-, orders his amb. (D'Orthez) to ask for a prolongation of the term fixed in the challenge, 446.

-, after his unsuccessful attack on Bink withdraws to Cambray, 456.

-, sends an army to Champagne for fear of the Emp. invading France on that side (Aug. 1 543), 456.

-, after the ratification of the treaty of alliance between Henry and the Emp., offers to send to England a gentleman of his chamber to satisfy him on all points, and make him arbiter of his difference with the Emp., 462.

-, the French in general, and particularly the inhabitants of Brittany, much displeased with, and ripe for revolt, 484.

-, accused of having tried to get rid of the prince of Piedmont by means of assassins, ibid.

-, said to be approaching with his son the Dauphin (Henri), for the purpose of relieving Landrecy, and offering the Emp. battle (Oct. 1543), 511.

-, doing all he can to ally himself with the Separatist of Germany and with the Turk (Oct. 1543), 513.

-, invites the Landgraf of Hesse-Cassel and other German princes to a league against the Emp, 515.

-, a copy of his intercepted let. sent to k. Henry for inspection, ibid.

-, in league and confederation with the Turk, 559.

-, Paul warmly solicited by the Emp. to declare against, ibid.

-, his Royal French Old Guard of the Body, 374.

-, -, -, capt. of, v. Nevers.

-, -, of French archers, ibid.

-, -, -, capt. of, v. Chavigny.

-, -, of Scotch archers, 232, 374.

-, -, -, capt. of, v. Aubigny.

-, his various armies in Hainaut and in the Artors, 428, 432.

-, -, in Piedmont, 55, 345.

-, -, on the frontiers of Spain, 56.

-, -, in the field against the allies, 425.

-, his ministers, 18, 217, 271; v. Poyet, Brion-Chabot, Montmorency (Anne de), Tournoy.

-, his councillors, 361, 443–4, 446.

-, his secretaries, v. Bayart, Maillet.

-, his treasury, 249.

-, his ambassadors in England, v. Marillac, Gellimard, L'Aubespine, D'Orthez, D'Aspremont (?).

-, -, to q. Mary of Hungary, v. Reigne.

-, -, to Rome, v. Siney.

-, -, to the Grand Turk, v. Paulin.

-, -, to Germany, v. Maillet.

-, his manifesto and declaration of war to the Emp. (12 July 1542), 28.

-, lets, to Marillac, 19, 22.

-, Instructions to L'Aubespine, 23.

-, let. to the Landgraf of Hesse-Cassel, 231.

Francis (François de Valois, co. d'Angoulême), v. Francis I., k. of France.

-, the Dauphin, v. Valois (François de).

Frankfort in Germany; meeting of the Protestant Princes at (Sept. 1543), 479.

Franquenberghe (Franckenberg), 358.

Fredericque, 355 n.; v. Frederick.

Frederick I., du. of Schlewig-Holstein, k. of Denmark (1523–33), alluded to, Add. and Cor. 579.

-, co. Palatine, co. of the Rhine, 69 n., 579.

French, the, 4, 5, 26, 27, 80, 37, 79, 113–7, 125–6, 127, 128–9, 131, 235, 245, 284, 290, 305, 310, 311, 322, 338–9, 841, 344–7, 349, 352, 355, 386, 396, 436, 452, 562.

-, frontier, 396.

-, their treacherous designs upon various towns of Flanders frustrated (June 1542), 19.

-, evidently aiming at the possession of England anyhow (said Chapuys to k. Henry, June 1542), 15.

-, territory, v. under France.

-, -, adjoining Flanders, invasion of, proposed (June 1542), 15.

-, -, -, k. Henry offering to assist q. Mary with 3,000 foot, and as many horse, ibid.; v. also under France.

-, preparing to invade Flanders (June 1542), 18, 19.

-, detestable practices of the, 22.

-, inconstancy, perfidy, and malice, 41.

-, intrigues and treacherous plans, 58.

-, England's inveterate adversaries and mortal enemies, 70.

-, intending to attack Catalonia in conjunction with the Turks (July 1542), 65.

-, should the, get possession of Flanders and the Low Countries, they might be able to dictate to the king of England, 73.

-, will within one month or two cast all their venom on Flanders (2 Aug. 1542), 79.

-, invade the Artois, 90.

-, penetrate into Brabant, ibid.

-, take Ivoix and Arlon and penetrate into the Luxenburg, 122.

-, encamp close to Antwerp, ibid.

-, are defeated by 4,000 Walloons of the garrison of that town, ibid.

-, great alarm along the, coast in consequence of the many prizes made by the Eng. Navy (Sept. 1542), 126.

-, not daring to sail to the coasts of Holland and Zeeland as reported, ibid.

-, -, Marillac's strong remonstrances on the subject, 131.

-, no ship of war of k. Francis is allowed to remain more than three or four days in the ports of England, whilst those of the Emp. remain as long as they like, looking out for merchant vessels of the, ready to sail, in order to chase and capture them at sea (said Marillac), ibid.

-, trying to do Henry all the harm possible, 144.

-, -, slighting the Eng. amb. in France and, purposely keeping him away from court and camp (Oct. 1542), ibid.

-, dare not attack Perpignan, thus giving time for the du. of Alba to relieve the place (Oct. 1542), 148, 150.

-, defeated by the garrison with loss of 700 men and part of their artillery, 150.

-, a number of, land at Leith, 151.

-, their practices and intrigues (said Chapuys to Henry's privy councillors) are evident enough, 163.

-, -, there is nothing they desire more at this present time than to come to terms, and make peace with the Emp. (Nov. 1542), ibid.

-, the dukes of Clèves and Holstein allied with the, 169, 320, 430, 446.

-, -, as rebels to the Emp. they ought to be declared common enemies, ibid.

-, were Henry to listen to the proposals of the, just now, he would get from them anything he pleased (Nov. 1542), 177.

-, their intrigues warmer and closer than ever, 190–2, 205, 215–7.

-, in daily negociation with k. Henry's privy councillors (Dec. 1542), 191–2.

-, the princess interrogated by Chapuys about the doings of the (1 Jan. 1543), 192–3.

-, the inventions and falsehoods of the, to persuade the Pope that it was the Emp., not they, who broke the truce of Nizza, 205.

-, their devices and stratagems, 230.

-, -, k Henry knows them well, and will not be deceived, ibid.

-, to hear their bragging (wrote Paget, the amb.) one should think that they are about to conquer the whole world, 249.

-, -, and yet their resources are none, for there is not one single farthing in k. Francis' treasury, ibid.

-, really thwarting k. Henry's plans in Scotland, 219.

-, negociations for the marriage of the du. of Orleans with princess Mary resumed by the (Jan. 1543), ibid.

-, would make no difficulties to receive Henry's dau. in France, bastard or legitimate, ibid.

-, the intrigues of the, much more dangerous than their arms (said Chapuys to k. Henry in March 1543), 271.

-, -, if attacked now in their own country they would no longer have the means of making new discourses, or inventing new and incredible stories, and mixing themselves up with other people's affairs, ibid.

-, looking out for some pretext or other to molest the English (March 1543), 276.

-, -, or sending their fleet to the assistance of the Scots, ibid.

-, six, merchant vessels captured at sea by the Eng. (Mar. 1548), ibid.

-, all property and goods belonging to the, sequestered throughout England by k. Henry's order (March 1543), 276.

-, doing their best to strengthen themselves by sea, 278.

-, have already, as reported, captured some English merchantmen, ibid.

-, generally discontented and indignant, and likely to rise tumultuously, 284.

-, -, so much so that the King's ministers are afraid that if there be war with England and the Empire their own lives are in danger, ibid.

-, rumours of peace purposely spread by the, 290.

-, continuous reports, proclamations, and lets, to that effect daily printed in France announcing that a peace will shortly be concluded between the Eng. and the (29 March 1543), ibid.

-, while proclaiming throughout France and elsewhere that they are at peace with England, and that English subjects are as well treated in France as Frenchmen are in England, 310.

-, -, all the Eng. who have fallen into their hands are kept in close confinement, 311.

-, notwithstanding their professions of peace they are intent upon war, especially since they hear that the Emp. may possibly come to England on his way to the Low Countries (said k. Henry to Chapuys), 311.

-, likely to invade soon the Brabant, 312.

-, should the, invade Flanders on the side of the Eng. frontier, Wallop has orders to assist Du Rœulx (May 1543), 352.

-, navy daily increasing: already stronger than the Eng. in the Channel, 391.

-, what the, have most felt is the recent treaty of alliance between Henry and Charles (June 1543), 425.

-, k. Henry's animosity against the, growing everyday greater (Aug. 1543), 432.

-, party in Scotland, 457.

-, scrupulous misgivings instilled into the Pope's mind by the, 481.

-, will let no opportunity pass of gaining the Eng. to their side (Sept. 1543), 485.

-, Chantonnay sent by the Emp. to England to settle about the offensive war against the (12 Sept. 1543), 485–8.

-, their retreat and flight from Flanders, 529.

-, cardinals, 244.

-, -, a disproportionate number of, in the College at Rome, when compared with the Imp. and Span., 562.

-, -, Pope Paul will not give hats to the Spaniards without bestowing two more on the French, at which the Emp. considers himself offended, ibid.

-, frontiers, 298; v. France (frontiers of).

-, war-ships, 144, 322; v. Fleet.

-, party in Rome, 167.

-, privateers, 84–5, 232, 384.

-, treasury; that of k. Francis completely exhausted, 234, 271.

-, treasurers; two of the King's murdered by the people of La Rochelle, 234.

Freshillon (sieur de), 358.

-, captain or gov. of Aix, in Provence (1543), 372.

Fressin(?), village of, 358.

Friar (the) of Hungary, v. under George.

Frias, du. de, v. Velasco.

Frieslant, prov. of Holland, 282; v. Friesland.

Friesland, Frisland, prov. of Holland, 36, 66.

-, coast of, in danger of an attack by the du. of Holstein and the Danish fleet, 282.

Friuli, seaport town in the Adriatic, 581–2.

Fuorusciti (exiles), Neapolitan, take refuge in Rome, a free city, 571.

Furstenberg (co. Wilhelm von); said to have quitted the French service in disgust, 234.

-, -, owing to his and his lieutenant's arrears of pay not being settled, 271.