James VI: October 1592

James VI: October 1592

756. Robert Bowes to Burghley. [Oct. 4.]

Has received Burghley's two letters, one of September 6th, brought by Roger Aston, the other of September 23rd. Has not been with the King since Mr. Aston returned. Understands by Aston that he has delivered the Queen of England's letter (fn. 1) to the King. This letter is noted by the wise and well affected to agree with and renew her majesty's grave advice before given to the King, and also to be fraught with princely wisdom and experience. It does not hitherto appear that the King conceives so hardly of Mr. Aston's return without money from her majesty "as some of the Counsell freatt therat." It has been advised that some fit person of quality should be shortly sent to her majesty to know what the King might trust to touching the performance of the yearly payment accorded by the late treaty. Has many times specified the huge charges sustained by her majesty for the maintenance of the common cause in France, etc.

Soon after his last to Burghley the King and Council resolved to call to them some other fit Councillors and to place about the King persons apt to serve in the rooms of such as shall be displaced, and it is meant that these new servants shall be chosen out of the kinsmen and friends of these noblemen presently with the King. Further, the King is purposed to remove from Dalkeith this day or tomorrow to Holyrood House, and to lie this winter at Edinburgh, in this house where he [Bowes] lodges. On the King's return hither it is intended that order shall be taken for the progress or stay of his journey to Jedburgh, etc.

The Chancellor, ready to go to England, is stayed by Bowes, for Bowes gave advertisement that the Court in Scotland was changeable, and therefore no need to hasten into England, but rather to attend and see how the wind should be. This advice is well accepted, but if the wind shall not shortly come about, then they will seek to make sail for England in most ready and speedy manner, yet not through the East Borders. Begs Burghley to let him know speedily whether the Queen of England will allow any place there for their abode in quiet manner.

The Master of Glamis' sickness so greatly increases that the physicians think his life in danger, and by his death it is thought that this Court "shall take a welter." The Earl of Mar is fallen so sick that he is driven to keep his bed, whereby his marriage is deferred. The Chancellor is at the Laird of Lochenvar's house and is expected to come to Garlie's and other barons now "in sute" against Maxwell, yet he will not seek to mediate any agreement betwixt Maxwell and the barons without the good liking of the barons. It is said that the Chancellor was warned of some surprise to have been lately attempted against him.

By the means of the Duke of Lennox, Ferniherst put himself in the King's will. By sundry articles set down before the King and Council Ferniherst was bound to abandon Bothwell, submit to the King publicly, to bring in Hunthill, the Provost and Bailie of Jedburgh, and to endure imprisonment in such ward as the King should appoint for all the rest. Albeit that these conditions were thus given him, yet the King committed him to the custody of Sir John Carmichael who, at the Duke of Lennox's request, delivered him to the Duke, who let him depart to his lodging in Dalkeith. Whereupon Ferniherst withdrew, in regard that he understood that the King intended to imprison Hunthill and the others to whom the Duke and he had promised they should be freed by the punishment of Ferniherst. In this the King has called and entered into great passions against the Duke. But the Duke stands upon terms of his own honour and for the performance of the conditions accorded and given to Ferniherst, who hitherto "resethe" to render himself again to the King at the call and pleasure of the Duke, as he trusts Mr. Aston, who married the sister of Ferniherst's wife, will more fully advertise Burghley. The Duke, in these passions, purposed to seek licence to travel into foreign countries. The name of the Duke's servant in England is John Elphinstone.

By Ferniherst it is discovered that Lord Hume and Gray have travailed with Bothwell for the overthrow of religion; but Bothwell refused. Understands that this matter shall be further opened by Ferniherst to some of the ministry and others. For this purpose offer was made that 3000 men should be levied in Caithness and in the north, and that sundry noblemen would have backed the action.

The Master of Gray "hathe latelye comed unto, and quit himselfe to have further to do with Bothwell" or his actions, and he pretends to be resolved to seek grace and remission at the King's hands, who carries a very hard opinion and countenance against him; yet the Master sees how other offenders get grace by means of courtiers, and the Lord Hume will "pleasure" him all that he can.

This day the Lord Hume was called to appear before the Synodal Assembly of the Church gathered here and offered very frankly to come to them; but, soon after, he sent his servant to let them know that the King had sent for him, and that he must return home to furnish himself for the King's raid to Jedburgh. The Assembly thereon gave commission to three of them to confer with him, but he departed before they came to his lodging. It is meant that he shall be cited again on Friday next. The Lord Seton has also been this day before the Assembly of the Church and satisfied them in such articles as were propounded to him; but he is to be charged with receipt of many English seminaries, recusants, and papists haunting daily to his house, and order will be given to him to banish such as be with him and to "barr" from others coming hereafter.

It is advertised that Bothwell, finding Ferniherst with the rest of the Borderers in Tiviedale resolved to leave him and to seek their peace at the King's hands, was greatly grieved therewith and has returned to the west parts. It is said that Bothwell has Mr. John Colvile in some jealousy in respect that Mr. John lately conferred with Dunipace without Bothwell's privity.

Angus has returned from Court: he has carried himself with great stoutness at Court and has come voluntarily to Mr. Robert Bruce and himself [Bowes], protesting to stand fast to the religion and has offered frankly his devotion to her majesty. At the late election of the Provost at Aberdeen some tumult and slaughter has fallen out by means of Huntly, present there with 300 men, and who has placed a provost against the votes and will of many of the town. Young Burley, coming to Bothwell, was in danger of his life by the friends of such as accompanied Bothwell at the raid at Holyrood House, and were taken by Burley and executed thereon. Now Burley remains with Bothwell in small favour or comfort, and order is given by the King to rase his house. The King knowing that he may call his Parliament without council or convention is earnest to have it, but the courtiers have no liking thereof. Edinburgh.

Signed: Robert Bowes.

3¾ pp. Addressed. Indorsed by Burghley's clerk. Partly in cipher. Marginal notes in Burghley's hand.

757. Master of Gray to Burghley. [Oct. 5.]

"My lord, your lordship shall not attribute to unmyndfulnes of the benefit receavit that I have not retournit thankis for your lordship's favorable wryting to Mr. Gray, of Chillinghame, at my requyst, in my favour, seing I have never bein in theis pairtis since. Bot within theis thre or four dayis, whair being in conference with Mr. Gray, he did schau me that his majestie, my souveraine, ether by wryt or utherwayis advertisit her majestie of England that he, Mr. Gray I mein, sould have givein furth that he haid warrand from her majestie or Counsell for to protect me within England, which he thocht strange, and so did I. And thairfor, lyk as to him, so unto your lordship I mak my purgation that I ves nocht so fare forgetfull of deutie as to have recompensit sutch a benefit with the lyk ingratitud; and albeit in deid th'occasion offerit not that I did ever since (quhill nou) use the benefit, yet I haid bein to blaime if I sould so fare have abusit it. As for Mr. Grayis purgation, I remit it to him self, for your lordship knoueth the man not to be so rache in langage as that he would so fare have outschot in a maiter so deiply tuitching him self. In deid it fortunet me to be in a hous quher Roger Aschtoun wes in his going, and I kneu he haid sumquhat to say tuitching my abode in England, which maid me that as yet I have never since my trouble bein in any gentlemans hous within England, nether ever kythit I my self eicht myllis within the verie bordour thairof. Bot this I think to have rysen by sume covirture of men who be in the lyk cace with me, jalouse that as occasion serveis I lye one this Border, and of no certaintie; whairof I pray your lordship give her majestie assurance."

"Becaws in this and all my affaires I have found in your honourabill lordship more then freindly dealing, I am to be verie plaine tuitching my auin affaires. I wes in societie with a nombre of noblemen, who standing in sume doubtsumenes, I could not tak uther course then they, and so this quhyll have keipit my self doubtsume in my deliberation. Nou they have takin a certaine course, and haith villeth me to do the lyk; and so I intend to do, and am in hoyp schortly to be revocquet. And thairfor I am to pray your lordship deall with her majestie to tak sume doing for me; not that necessitie moveis me, for the maiter shalbe drest befor ever her majestei shall kyth in it. Bot in cace I be revokit only be my fellouschip, I forse I might be thair only follouer. Bot if her majestie shall assist my restablisment, then I shall have place to freind her majesteis affaires, as bound thair unto by obligation. When my maiter is neir a point, then I shall preseume to wryt unto her majestie for this effect."

"Nou your lordship shall see it treuth. I wrot of befor that my falling in action with Bothuell wes only accidentary, for mens desingis shalbe sein to tend to an uther bute then his preferment only, yet we wisch him weill. If by your lordship's ansuer I shall understand her majestie to be myndit for to tak sume doing for me, when I have the maiter in rypnes then shall her majestie understand more particularly th'estait of our countryis affaires then I am assured sche doeth yet. Which ansuer Mr. Gray or yet Sir Hary Wedringtoun may savely convey to me, for I am presently to depert England.

"Restith, my lord, to let your lordship knou that thair is verie evill disposition in sume of our borderers for making incursiouns, cheifly amongst the brokin men, for a bratch is thair avantage. Ther they have found a maiter fit for thair propose: for sume Englischmen haith delt with the outlais of Scotland to ryd on sume thair unfreindis and countrymen for particulaire venenges. Thus, my lord, I have stayit theis sept being my self amongest the outlais. Bot nou being to retir, I thocht good to advertis your lordship of this, to th'end the wardene may be acquentit with it, and in cace any attemptad be committit befor it can be prevented, I shalbe more speciall both in maiter and names. Bot this suffiseth for the presente, not willing to be thocht couriouse, being a stranger. From the Borders. Signed: Mr. of Gray.

3 pp. Holograph, also address. Indorsed by Burghley's clerk.

758. Robert Bowes to Burghley. [Oct. 7.]

The King is very resolute hitherto to proceed in his raid to Jedburgh, notwithstanding that Farnihurst has entered into his ward in Edinburgh Castle. The King purposes to ride to Peebles on the 10th instant where he will remain one day. The next day he will pass to Jedburgh and there abide one or two days for the punishment of such borderers as have accompanied Bothwell, and from thence he will repair to the West Borders to do the like chastisement on the offenders there and to rase the houses of Manzerton, Whithaugh, and others.

Is credibly informed that Bothwell and Erroll, with the assent of the King of Scots, are entering conditions that the King of Scots shall give Bothwell the lives and possessions of himself and of eight persons to be named by him, who nevertheless shall be banished Scotland during the King of Scots' pleasure. The messenger carrying the assurance of these conditions is gone to Erroll this day. Bothwell is in these parts to see that the assurances are good and sufficient; upon liking whereof Erroll will be here with the King of Scots on the 9th instant to assure him that Bothwell will suffer himself with a small company to be suddenly surprised by the King of Scots, and will thus cast himself into his hands and will, so that this raid shall be honourable and peace shall follow thereon. It is told him [Bowes] constantly that this matter has so far proceeded that there is good hope of the success thereof; wherefore Bowes doubts greatly what shall ensue thereon, the rather because the Kirk verily look for some great storm against them, whereof lately they have been earnestly warned. It is feared that at the beginning of any change in this Court and estate the enterprise shall be attempted. If these things shall succeed as they are looked for, then this Court will be changed, and he [Bowes] shall have need to know how to change his course.

Bothwell lately sent to Angus to know whether he will "partie" him or not, and if not whether he would "give up with him." Angus thinking this to be done to entrap him, answered that he might not "partie" any while he remained attainted, and that he had little to do with Bothwell, yet there was no cause of unkindness "to give up with him." Edinburgh. Signed: Robert Bowes.

1¼ pp. Addressed. Indorsed by Burghley's clerk. Partly in cipher, deciphered.

759. Robert Bowes to Burghley. [Oct. 10.]

This day the King entered into his journey towards the Borders to chastise the offenders "partienge" Bothwell and to draw them to his obedience, with delivery of hostages or lands for their loyal and good behaviour, or else take and rase their houses, especially such houses as be of strength. Because the King distrusts that some of those houses shall be holden against him, therefore he has required him [Bowes] to write to Mr. Richard Lowther that one of the cannons at Carlisle may be put in readiness and delivered to him, with sufficient planks of oak for the carriage thereof by sledge.

The Earl of Erroll has come to the King. Is informed that Mr. John Colvile has remained sundry days in Edinburgh and travailed with the Earl of Mar for managing the voluntary surprise of Bothwell. This matter is kept very secret.

Has been advised that many letters, with two English books, have been lately brought to Scotland from Brussels, and from known practisers, to Mr. James Gordon and other Jesuits and principal Catholics here. Knowing that the ministers had power by Act of Parliament to seize all letters and books sent into Scotland from suspicious persons, has procured Mr. Robert Bruce and Mr. David Lindsay to make the search, "who, beinge in ther jornye towardes St. Androwes, have founde manye lettres and two Inglishe bookes, with the memorialls and notes of one Simpson, the carier of this packett." Some of the letters are stuffed with ciphers and riddles not yet deciphered and full of suspicion. Mr. Bruce and Mr. Lindsay have carried all with them, promising to bring them to him [Bowes] at their return. The same intelligencer assures him [Bowes] that Mr. James Gordon, Mr. Alexander Mackwherry, Mr. Robert Abercrombie, Jesuits, and other principal and practising Catholics were lately drawn into these parts, and near this town, to attend the coming of Simpson with these letters to them, and also to solicit noblemen to be careful for the advancement of the Catholic religion, seeing that by long and great labours made to the King of Spain by the English and Scottish Jesuits and instruments, the King of Spain has resolved to send hither men and money, provided that a sufficient number of noblemen here shall first send hostages to the King of Spain or other good assurances for the safety of his forces and for the due concurrency of the noblemen with their parties in Scotland and in the actions to be enterprised. The first thing to be attempted by these confederates is suspected to be massacre of the ministers and burgesses in chief estimation, wherein some of them have been lately warned, with the tears of the parties warning. The Duke of Lennox, Huntly, Erroll, Lord Hume, and Lord Fleming are noted to be in best trust and readiest for these purposes. The King of Scots has not yet been dealt withal, but must be hereafter; yet the instrument to have been used therein has lost his grace and is "discourted." It seems that the King of Scots already smells and fears this matter, for he has secretly broken with some of the Kirk and wished them "to put at" these others before named.

Found that the King did not fully digest the lack of payment of the money hoped to have been received from the Queen of England, but satisfied him. The King showed the continuance of his good opinion towards the Chancellor, and readiness to receive him again, if he listed to come and serve. Finding the Queen in displeasure against the Chancellor, the King moved her either as party to declare his fault, or else as a principal to hear his petition; whereupon it is advised that the Chancellor shall in humble wise submit and make suit to the Queen for her favour and good countenance, and when this has been got, the Duke and other adversaries of the Chancellor shall be "layde" off by the King's means. By common bruit raised that Huntly has come into and remains in these parts many are stirred with passions thereat, and some are hunting to find him. Edinburgh. Signed: Robert Bowes.

2 pp. Addressed. Indorsed by Burghley's clerk. Partly in cipher, deciphered.

760. Certificate of Andrew Clark's constancy in the Faith of the Roman Catholic Church. [Oct. 11.]

"Ego Robertus Scotus, presbitter Societatis Jesu, fidem facio per presentes literas Magistrum Andream Clark, Scotum, presentium exhibitorem, in fide sanctæ ecclesiæ Catholicæ Romanæ, hactenus fuisse constantem, imo hujus fidei et religionis causa varia incommoda hisce in partibus sustinuisse, et nunc tandem ob eandem fidei confessionem, atque ut liberius Deo inserviat, gravesque hujus temporis persecutiones aliquamdiu declinet natale solum deseruisse et ad alienas regiones in quibus religio catholica floret commigrasse; quare ipsum omnibus presentes literas inspecturis tanquam virum vere catholicum serio in Domino commendo, dignumque esse attestor, qui ab omnibus probis et avitæ religionis amantibus omni benevolentia et charitatis officio excipiatur et consoletur." Scotland.

¼ p. Copy in the hand of Bowes' clerk. Indorsed in the same hand: "Pasport of Mr. Robert Abercrome, preist and Jesuit, to Andro Clark redy to returne into Flanders and other places."

761. Robert Bowes to Burghley. [Oct. 13.]

Bothwell was tempted, but refused in points of religion. Finds still so little regard given for the prevention of perils, and the remedy so far beyond his [Bowes'] power, that he holds it his duty to inform and leave it to good deliberation. Fair promises for the redress are given by the King and Council. It is expected that at the King's return order shall be put to all these things. The disease is not yet so desperate but that it may be cured. It is looked that Farnihurst should have given further information, which he has not done.

The estate of the Chancellor and others and their desire and readiness to come into England, he [Bowes] has signified by his letters of the 29th September and 4th October. All possible means will be made to abide in Scotland, but if not, then it is required that England may receive them in the north. Is pressed to give resolute answer herein.

The letters brought by Adam Simpson, priest, are not of such importance as was looked for. The commission of credit given to Simpson consists principally that he shall inform the fathers, the Jesuits here, that by long suit made to the King of Spain by Jesuits and Catholics of England and Scotland the King of Spain has granted to send hither men and money, etc.; next, that the fathers shall do their diligence to procure the noblemen to bind themselves together and to send to the King of Spain hostages or assurances required, that the forces and treasure therein may be sent hither, as is promised; thirdly, that the fathers shall allure the noblemen to enter of themselves into such worthy enterprise and action as shall be advantageous to their cause and put the King of Spain in surety of their intentions. The device of the plot is left to the resolution of the fathers and parties to be joined therein; in which Simpson has no commission to advise any particular matter, but it is thought that a sudden massacre of the ministers and burgesses shall be persuaded to be attempted. Andrew Clark is put in readiness to pass into Flanders, and has Mr. Robert Abercrombie's (Jesuit) passport in such form as by the double thereof enclosed will appear. (fn. 2) Simpson has spoken with most of the Jesuits and with sundry noblemen.

The flocking hither of Jesuits and the sudden departure of Clerk, with the secret coming of Huntly, give great suspicion that their matters are either resolved or at point of resolution. Angus is suspected to have spoken with Simpson. The King of Scots "is hitherto holden free, and Simson knowethe none other." If he [Angus] and the King of Scots shall continue sound, then divers wise men and such as must have their part in the play wish these confederates to discover themselves in the fields.

Lord John Hamilton remains steadfast: he sent to understand what return of advice he [Bowes] had received from Burghley. The Chancellor still continues in the west. The King appears willing to receive and use the Chancellor's service, or else to give him leave to depart. Is informed that Mar has let the Chancellor know that the fellowship with him marvel that he will not use his licence and depart. He has also alleged that the King, purposing to send him to England and France, has given him neither particular commission nor instructions. The Chancellor purposes to write to the Queen for recovery of her grace and good countenance.

Colonel Stewart has procured his stay. It is believed here that Huntly lodged in Canongate these few days past, and that last night he passed over the water with one man in his company. Some of Murray's friends were advised of Colonel Stewart's being here. The King rode to Peebles on the 10th instant, where he remained the next day, and on the morrow he rode, very strongly accompanied, to Jedburgh, where Maxwell, Cesford, the Carrs, Scotts, and most of the Borders will attend on him with great forces. Edinburgh. Signed: Robert Bowes.

Postscript.—Received advertisement from Mr. David Lindsay that they found an A.B.C. or cipher amongst the papers intercepted. Encloses a copy of the cipher.

3¼ pp. Addressed. Indorsed by Burghley's clerk. Partly in cipher, deciphered.

Enclosure with the same:—

( to Robert Bowes.)

Please your lordship, receive the names of the persons to whom the letters we found were directed, together with the writer, place, date, and chief contents. First, a letter with a ring of hair and a ticket hanging to it, directed to the Laird of Ferniherst, written by one Leirmouthe, the 1st of July, from Pont, wherein is contained (for full particulars of these letters, see No. 765).

These letters were found "in ane written booke of Aristotles, with twa Inglish bookes," as your lordship was informed, which your lordship will see at Mr. Robert's [Bruce] return; and two other books, the one to teach the form of confession, the other written notes of the Jesuits. I would your lordship caused the Provost to make diligent inquisition for the said Simpson. Dr. Macartney knows where he is, if he likes to declare. I left one of the ship to inquire for him, and advertised the Bailies. If he be gotten he can reveal secrets; for I perceive by the letters his greatest "turnes" are by commission, and referred to his own credit. Therefore, if he could be gotten, I doubt not but some great mystery might be "tryed," especially in respect of the letters. Largo, 10th October, 1592.

1 p. Copy. In the hand of Bowes' clerk. Indorsed in the same hand: "Notes of the letters brought by Mr. Adam Simson and intercepted by Mr. David Lyndsay and Mr. Robert Bruce."

762. Mr. Archibald Douglas to Burghley. [Oct. 17.]

"Johne Marshall, Scottesman, being licensed by her majesties warrant under her highnes signature for the transporting of 1c. tunnes of beere free of customes, subsidies, or duetyes to her majestie for the same, it pleased your lordship for that effecte to directe your letters or warrant in his behalf to the officers of the porte of London." The said Marshall, having transported part of the said 100 tuns, is refrained from transporting the residue. Requests Burghley's assistance for the transporting of the said beer. Signed: A. Douglas.

½ p. Holograph, also address. Indorsed by Burghley's clerk.

763. Robert Bowes to Burghley. [Oct. 18.]

Mr. Robert Bruce has not arrived with the intercepted letters. Trusts Burghley has been advertised of the submission of the offending borderers. Whilst the King has been on the Borders Bothwell has continued in these parts in secret manner and has spent some days in this town and near thereto. Has found means that Ferniherst should be sounded for discovery of the confederacy, and, by his report, the band is drawn and accorded. Ferniherst has promised either to procure a view of the principal band or else to deliver a copy thereof, adding further that, in case of necessity and in seasonable time, he will affirm the truth hereof. [In the margin: "This is yet in fieri only so far as I can perfectly understand."] Farnihurst thinks that the attempt shall not be long deferred, because the confederates make full account of the success to their desires, and without difficulty, purposing to possess the King of Scots with their own accord or otherwise.

His [Bowes'] "familiar" informs him that Bothwell has certified some of his friends here that Huntly will be here this night or tomorrow. [In the margin: "By late searche I finde that Huntley could not be here, as is confidently believed, except he came in post."] All the fathers, the Jesuits, are abroad. Adam Simpson heard that the magistrates sought for him and fled. Mr. Andrew Clerk is stayed. Fintry and Mr. James Gordon, commanded to depart the realm, will not hastily be gone; for Fintry suits for longer licence, and Mr. James is resolved to abide in the realm, trusting to the change looked for. Edinburgh. Signed: Robert Bowes.

1½ pp. Addressed. Indorsed by Burghley's clerk.

764. James Colvile, Laird of Easter Wemyss, to Burghley. [Oct. 21.]

"My lord, efter my maist humble commendation of service. The estait of this cuntre is so thrauard that I am constrainit to mein my self to hir majestie, gif zour honor think itt gud, for I am to be assiegit be Monsieur Daumal, ane of thir tuay dayis, and gif it plesit zour honor to desyr hir majestie that the troupes that passis in Birgtanigie micht only mak shaw heir, I think it var relief aneuche, or a part of them, to land at ony port, hauldis for the King. Zour honor dois this for me makis me ever zour bound man. St. Valerie." Signed: "James Colvill of Estveimes."

½ p. Holograph, also address. Indorsed by Burghley's clerk.

765. Robert Bowes to Burghley. [Oct. 23.]

At his late being with the King since his the [King's] return hither he entered into long discourse, declaring to him [Bowes], with great grief, that he had earnestly desired that none of his rebels or fugitives—chiefly such as violently had assaulted him in his own palaces and houses— should be received or harboured in England, yet now he was certainly informed that Bothwell with sundry of the assailants had openly resorted to and haunted the houses of Walter Graham, "Dickes Davye," and of other Grahams in the West Borders of England; that he will prove Bothwell to have been in Carlisle, notwithstanding that Mr. Lowther firmly denies the same; and that the Master of Gray and other offenders have been openly maintained in the East and Middle Marches of England. He added that, by the support found in England, these persons were in safety from his pursuit, and their minds stirred up and encouraged to attempt daily enterprises against his person, honour, and estate, with great danger to the same and much disquietness to his subjects; whereof many, seeing these rebels thus supported, with great boldness adventured to "partye" them against their sovereign, and, for their suppression, he was driven to sustain in his own person the pains and travail endured in the late raid to Jedburgh, where his whole Council offered their services to him to take speedy and honourable revenge, namely, against Walter Graham, "Dickes Davye," and others.

Is informed that all the Council there present (except Lord Lindsay) and especially some new courtiers, showed great earnestness to draw the King into hasty action for this revenge. But the King, of his own accord, chose rather, first, to seek redress by means of the Queen of England.

Hereupon the King and Lord Maxwell wrote to Mr. Lowther for remedy. Mr. Lowther returned answers to such effects as by the copies of the letters sent by the King and Maxwell and of the letters returned to them by Mr. Lowther, enclosed, will appear. It was the King's desire that he [Bowes] should send these copies, and also this information of this matter, to the intent the same may be made known to her majesty, with the King's request that her majesty give order for the punishment of these offenders, and that Walter Graham, "Dickes Davye," Thomas Carleton, and other principal offenders may be delivered to him, and in case they cannot be found, that their houses may be rased and exemplary chastisement be inflicted on them.

The same day that the King returned hither he committed to the Duke of Lennox the keeping of Liddisdale. Doubting how this should please her majesty and how the Duke should behave himself in that office, he [Bowes] not only moved the King to have good regard therein, but to provide that a fit person might be appointed the Duke's deputy. The King told him that he cast this charge on the Duke that the disordered people might be kept in order by the regard which they would have to the quality of the Duke's estate and grace with the King, and that the Duke might be acquainted with the affairs of the Borders, for the King's better service. The King assured him that he would foresee that the Duke shall well carry himself and please her majesty in this place. The King promised further to plant a fit deputy in this office. Roger Aston puts him [Bowes] in comfort that Farnihurst shall be the Duke's deputy and shall be found a good officer for maintenance of the amity and execution of justice on the Marches. Mr. Aston will undertake for the Duke's good behaviour.

The King flatly denies that Huntly was here or spoke with him, and indeed he [Bowes] has found that Huntly was at Pluscardine and in Boggygethe on the Wednesday and Thursday before the Saturday whereon it is supposed that he came hither and tarried here some days. It is generally believed, and many circumstances prove great probability, that Huntly was here and lodged in Court before the King's raid towards Jedburgh. It is verily thought that Huntly removed from his lodging in Canongate after the King's departure, as before I have written, and, tarrying at Seton, has come hither again. The King was informed that Huntly had revolted and heard mass in Mr. Walter Lindsay's house after his subscription to the articles of religion, his solemn protestation on his knees before the King to keep his oath and promise to the Kirk, for which the King was cautioner. Therefore the King told him [Bowes] that he gave commission to Pitlargo to tell Huntly that he had borne with his late outrage in the slaughter of Murray in regard that it was done for a particular feud; but if this matter for hearing of the mass shall be proved against him—as the ministers are able, and will manifestly do—then he will neither spare punishment nor think any honour or good part to be in him; and therefore the King has willed Mr. Robert Bruce and the ministers to proceed effectually against Huntly.

Opened to the King the practices of the papists to entice his nobility to embrace the course for Spain, and discovered particular matters. In these the King always persuaded that the Jesuits and instruments employed will, for their own relief and reputation, endeavour to allure the King of Spain to offer succours and aid for the benefit of the Catholic cause and encumbrance of England, and also to draw the corrupted part of the nobility into action for the furtherance thereof; but the King thinks that few will or dare enter therein whilst they know himself not dealt withal, but resolved, and the best party of the realm determined, to withstand such enterprises; and, for the prevention of the doings appearing, he promised to give order for the apprehension of the Jesuits and practisers lately come hither in these errands, adding that he had already provided that Mr. James Gordon, Fintrie, and the other Jesuits and excommunicates before delated should depart within ten or twelve days.

In conference with regard to Bothwell the King denied having hearkened to any motion made in favour of Bothwell, alleging that, seeing that he is purposed to "put at" the inferior parties offending, he may not with honour pardon the principal offender. Yet the King told him [Bowes] that in his late journey a borderer adventured to present to him Bothwell's suit, offering that, for the pardon of his life, he would leave the realm, never to return without the King's licence, and also all his possessions and children at the King's pleasure. But he seems resolute to stop his ear against all suits for Bothwell. Howbeit it is thought that, if Bothwell will shake off the Laird of Spott for satisfaction of some courtiers, and that Bothwell may be furnished to live in any place with safety and honour, labour will be made to open the King's ear; and it is noted that now the King takes his pastime so freely in hunting, with small company and without fear, Bothwell likewise shall be in no great danger in case he shall keep himself within the conditions limited.

Albeit the King found fault with the Chancellor's abode in places so far, and his seldom writing to him, yet he showed himself pleased to receive him with favour if he will come to him, or otherwise to be pleased that he should take his own course for his best safety and contentment. Since then the Chancellor's wife and the Secretary have been with the King suing for the Chancellor's return to the Court and service of the King, who first offered to give to the Chancellor a very honourable commission and errand to her majesty, to the intent he might speak with her and return speedily to him, with honour to all parties, and he persuaded them to accept the commission. Nevertheless, finding them scrupulous therein—for the Chancellor's friends think it not good for him to be so far from the Court and realm—the King showed himself well pleased to receive him into his wonted grace, service, and place. The Chancellor is purposed to write to the King and Queen severally with all humility and expedition, and thereon to proceed as occasion shall be offered. But herein he may, peradventure, find some block in his way. For, before these things, Mar had written to Lenclouden to move the Chancellor to take benefit of the King's licence to depart, as Mar had at his own request obtained for him. The Chancellor, by letters to Mar, has offered to depart, upon commission and instructions to be given him by the King. These letters, Bowes hears, have been seen by the King; whereupon the King gave the advice to the Chancellor's wife and the Secretary as is before specified. Yet it is said that the Chancellor shall "fynde a trompe caste in his waye" when the Lords of Session shall at their meeting, the 1st November next, sue to the King that either the Chancellor may occupy his place amongst them, or another be placed or deputed, as the King shall determine.

The Duke of Lennox is made the chief instrument for the execution of the King's pleasure. The Lord Hume is chosen Grand Master-Stabler, and to him and his strength the King commits chiefly the guard of his person. Erroll and Fleming shall also be courtiers and lodge in Court. Dunipace is in great favour. Thomas Erskine and Closburn are received into the King's Chamber in the place of Spynie and Sir James Lindsay. Mar and the Master of Glamis have recovered, yet are so weak that they cannot come to Court.

The Parliament is summoned to begin on the 10th of January at Edinburgh. The Hamiltons suspect that the Duke of Lennox shall thereby be declared the second person in succession. The wise think the Hamiltons to be troubled herein with needless jealousy; for it is meant that this Parliament is called to stir Burley, Balwearie, and others forfeited to pay round sums for their fines, and that the Parliament shall be prorogued for the first time.

Some contention has fallen out in Edinburgh betwixt the magistrates and ministers against sundry burgesses, partly because the magistrates and ministers would restrain the merchants from trading in Spain, in regard that they are there subject to the Inquisition, and are thereby driven to do many things against the duty of a Christian, and partly that the market here, on Monday, is changed to another day, or two days in the week, to avoid prophaning the Sabbath by many people in the Borders, Glasgow, Stirling, and other towns frequenting this market and accustomed to travel on the Sabbath. The craft and basest sort of the people are most stirred for the markets. They were once pacified, but after they had been at Court they received such stomach that they refused directly to obey any ordinance to be made by the magistrates to change the day for the market. The matter is referred till the coming of the Lords of the Sessions. The general Communion appointed to have been ministered next Sunday is deferred.

Encloses copies of the letters sent hither by sundry Jesuits and others in the Low Countries and intercepted by Mr. David Lindsay and Mr. Robert Bruce. Encloses one of the books found with these letters; the other book remains in the hands of Mr. Lindsay, as yet in Angus. The true meaning and contents in these letters are not yet found out here, namely, in the letter directed to John Black, which person is gathered to be Mandevill; and many things of secret and weight are thought to be contained in these dark riddles and terms, wherein some few true matters are plainly written and mixed with the other dark sentences. By these and other like intelligences and circumstances gotten and marked by the ministers they are thoroughly persuaded that the papists intend some sudden massacre and uproar to change the religion and state and to possess the King's person; yet it does not hitherto appear that the nobility have subscribed any band or entered into plain articles for the progress and execution of the same, which is easy to be prevented if the King and Council would seasonably and freely put their aid therein. The ministers have chosen six especial persons of wisdom and quality to search out what is already done and to espy what shall be done by the adversaries hereafter. In this they earnestly require Bowes' help. Edinburgh. Signed: Robert Bowes.

6 pp. Addressed. Indorsed by Burghley's clerk. Partly in cipher deciphered.

Enclosure with the same:—

(1.) (William Murdoch to Thomas Tyrie.)

Thomas Wishart, as you remember, departed out of this town "hail, 8 daies" before you, and, having spoken with the "medicine" at Metz passed secretly to St. Hubert, where he found Henry, your page. There having passed over some days they both returned to Pont, where the said Thomas "schew" me that you wrote with Henry to Brussels. He "tuke evill" with the matter, but I gave him to understand that the boy was the principal cause, which he took in good part at the last. This bearer "hes provision of the promisit latues seidis," not only for you but many others of our good friends. If for pleasure you would let them grow, plant them a whole foot one from the other. Those that you would keep for the seed, plant them in the beginning of May, and "luik not for their seidis weil ripe afore our Lady Day in September." Not having to trouble you further at this present, "desieris" you present my humble commendations of service and prayers to my l[ord], whom, with you, Christ Jesus have in his protection. I understand that Monsieur Grierson is at Bruges, in Flanders, "ane horseman." I think you will be "so gude to write to him" and give him to understand the pleasure he has received of you, and that you have left his writing with our fathers in Brussels. Interim, vale. From the Pont [à Mousson], 1st June [1592].

(2.) (James Tyrie to Thomas Tyrie.)

"Weilbelovit cosing," I received your letter from Calais, of the 30th May, but no other since your departing from this town, "quhilk haldis me suspens," chiefly because that which concerns my lord Sanquhar, considering he showed your will to be that we would "abide' 100 crowns from you "by" that which you left here. So will it please you to give advertisement what should be done in this behalf, as also of such things as occur. Mr. Alexander has come to you, to whom you will give this other letter, directed to John Black, and he will know to whom it should be addressed. I received a letter from Monsieur Creichton, but no final resolution. He means to pass to Italy, but we will not let him depart. My lord of Glasgow is well, as I know "of ane writing to me" the 3rd of June. The Cardinal is chosen bishop of Strasburg, but he must enter into possession by force, "swa the weir beginnis in Allmaignie," but the end is uncertain. Commend me most humbly to my lord. Pont [à Mousson], 23rd June, 1592.

"To his cousing Thomas Tyrie. P. Alexander. At Calis."

(3.) (Johannes Blensius to Alexander Macquen, priest of the Society of Jesus of Antwerp.)

"Reverendo in Christo patri, pax pie. V.K. datas 13 hujus, accepi hesterno die. Jucundum nobis fuit audire eum salvum et incolumem pervenisse Antuerpiam, speramusque Deum optimum maximum qui prosperum dedit iter ubi majores recurrent difficultates pro sua in filiolis bonitate majorem ad superandum largiturum gratiam. Gaudeo patrem Hippolitum missam literarum sareumlam [sic] accepisse. Occulta erit per nos v.k. peregrinationis causa nec orare desinemus donece um ad optatum portum appulisse intelligimus. Pater Reguinaldus solito penis habet, et ad paralisim, usu brachiorum jam orbatus, vergit. Christoferus Mattelem eodem fere morbo vexatur. Pater Dondelius Melinstall valet. Ceteri Dei beneficia satis bene habent. Novum hic habemus Francie patrem Clementem Paternum, qui collegii visitacionem jam cepit, Virdunum deinde profecturus. Convenerunt phisici nostri Privetius et Henricus. Vehementer scire cupio num superior residentie Bruxellensis pecuniam hic a marcatore acceptam pro nobilibus Anglis, pro qua, ut novit v.k. spondere crattus [sic] fui restituerit. Moveat itaque nos, data scribendi occasione, de toto negotio, et mei ac totius colligii in sanctissimis suis ad Deum sacrificiis queso memor sit. Pont-à-Mousson. 21 June, 1592.

Postscript.—"V.K. salutent omnes Mussipontani; reverendum patrem Rectorem Antuerpiensem et superiorem residentie Bruxellensis ex me vicissim salutes . . ."

(4.) (James Leirmouth to the Laird of Farnyherst.)

I doubt not but since departing "we remember the ane of the other, thincking lang when to mete, quhilk fearing never to be, I have sent ane tickett of youris written by your faders hand, whom God hathe called to ane better, hitherto in my keping." He endured "mickle" for the time he had in this world, and I understand you are his son and heir in that part. I would be glad you lived at peace with all neighbours, for concordia res parva crescunt, discordia maxima dilabuntur. I have sent you a remembrance "that I forgitt you not as yet," nor cannot, nor should not, nor will not. Therefore "prayes" you to follow good counsel, "and tyne rather of your gudes and proper will nor him, et quo Christus mortuus est. A Monsieur Kar, seignur de Farnyherst."

(5.) (W. Stevenson to Robert Sanderson.)

I am "oblist" to you for the good remembrance you have of me and my friend dwelling two miles "besides" you, praying you to give him your best counsel now in his "auld daies," that he die an honest man. I doubt not but you think long to see me and to have me beside you. Now you know that I am old, and, indeed, not able to do anything wherein "I wold pleasure you" either in or out of your house, "except it were to intertaine some pece of your stedinges" that had been hitherto "weill muckitt and guddit," there to pass "over" my life in quietness and in service; and having found here a good master, I have not will to charge another, except he would be content to receive me to serve him "conforme" to my strength and ability, "quhilk to do I am redy to you before all other." Such remembrance I had I have sent herewith to you. "Praying" you to let me see your "hand writt" before I die; with commendations "in all sortis" to your household, l[ord] Robert, "Andro," and your "nepott." I "forgitt" not your neighbours James and William as my good friends. "I send you reid lattuce seidis." Metz, 1st July, [1592]. "To my gude Mr. Robert Sanderson."

(6.) (M. Stevenson to John Black.)

Trusty friend, we have received yours, "as Thomas our gude frendes given the 5 of June." Our household cannot forget him nor his good companion, John Wilson. The principal of Boncourt has sent for John Piper, who departed the 16th hereof and left us all in some pain. He "beseikis" Thomas to remember such things as he charged him with at his departing and to content James Gudeman. I find in an old "compt" how Peterson wrote to Piper that he should deliver to Powry Fotheringham's son thirty crowns, which he did, and was afterwards upon the said Peterson's "hand writ" ready to deliver other thirty, if the young man had lived. I pray you desire the said Thomas to take some information "at" the said Powrie Fotheringham, and to see if ever he delivered anything to Peterson, and how much that "moyen" may be found to clear our "comptes"; and that the said Peterson's "barnes indure not." John Barten craves 100 ells of "plaiding" lent to "Gibbe" Morison, as does Piper 24 ells, lent to William the said Gibbes' brother. If the said William says he gave them to Peterson we are free "with" him. The said "Gibby" must be solicited to pay other 40 or 60 crowns "evin" to Mr. John Henrison's heirs, at Aberdeen. Thomas Minzes at Aberdeen perchance has received all Gibby's aforesaid debts: this I would understand of you or your factors there. Thomas also will be so good as to "retire" 44 ells of plaiding from his brother John, to be delivered to James Gudman or Peter Seinling, "as all the forsayde debtes." I have some other "comptes" to make with you, but first I would understand how you handle "thir foresaides." I pray you, as does Thomas Anderson, to beseech John Wilson to go warily in all his "adois." You see whereupon it stands, since Martin Hart "hes set the fier in Stephen Barnett land and howses." Macpatrick writes nothing. Mr. Andrew Stevenson has sent great abundance of merchandize to William Key, and at the next fair shall send to "the vantage." I pray you confer with Thomas in all things, and to do as you have directions from Thomas Anderson, "so he wilbe so gude to put all thinges in execution," contenting every man; whereupon I look for your answer. The Gudeman of Blackstock received both Thomas and John Wilson's letters, "given" in this town in April, and answered the 20th May to them both with paper full of fair words and thanks. He has received ere now the wares that Thomas left here, as I believe, and if that Thomas left with Craig "were commit" here, the said Gudman should receive the whole. We marvel "of" this Craig's delay, but I have written to him, as does Anderson, before his departing. You will have George "abak" again, and let him no "tyne" his time to revenge his father's death, for he has but his own life to save, which may "perill melling" him in matters. You see in what perplexity is Deuchares "to have interprised" so high matters. Walter Gilbertson came not to our quarters. "Meny" [Pont-à-Mousson], 23rd July, 1592.

Postscript.—Adam says you left a chosen piece of your wares here, which I have not found amongst the "ordinarie" you left with me.

"To my traist freind John Blak."

(7.) (Alyson Hamilton to Captain George Seton.)

I have written so often and sundry times to you and never received your answer, marvelling much what is in your mind or what you are purposed to do with me and your bairns. "Ze sall witt" that there is here very evil payment; and the "debters" trouble me very sore daily. You are discharged of your entertainment unless you come here yourself in person, and if you come here shortly it will be made good. I pray you to send me word with the first commodity if I shall come home myself with the bairns or remain here upon your coming. Brussels, 1st August, 1592. "To the right honorable and her best belovid Captaine Geo. Seaton, for the present in Scotland with my Lord Seaton or where he is.

(8.) ([ ] to Andrew Clerk.)

"Good Mr. Andro, I commend me hartely to you." This is only to "hald you remembred" of my affairs to send answer by the first commodity towards my chief and my Lord Seton. Also you may have from Alexander Paip "ave gloriosa" in plain song, with my commendations to him, his wife, and all our "unkinde freindes," especially to William Thein, "our nevo of Teligreg that he will send me ane bed plaid, and your self ane uther, as ye promisit me, nocht doubting ye will kepe." Brussels, 4th August, 1592. "To his good frend Mr. Andro Clark be this deliverit."

(9.) (John Cowper to his sister Margaret Cowper, spouse to John Lowry, burgess of Edinburgh.)

"Speciall belovit sister Margaret, efter hartly commendations to you and your good husband, being indebted and oblist, with saire lamentations of the greit skaithe and tribulacions, being at my hart sory that I had and was your occasion of sick trouble, quhilk was nocht my intencion nor yet expectation then, and the murmuracion of many thousandis, although man supponis and God disponis." Yet hoping it will turn otherwise than you think, therefor "desiering" you most heartily not to be offended at my ingratitude as yet towards you and your good husband, hoping, with God's grace, to make you some part satisfaction and recompense for your scaith and friendly entertainment I received at your hands when opportunity and time "representis" me to come into those quarters again, "nocht as to remaine"—for thanks be to God I have here a better place to remain in than can or may be had in Scotland. When God sends me there I dare not take upon me to be so bold as to come into your house again, and "mairattour," being desolate of father and mother, I hold myself as a stranger to all other friends. As for my brother Adam, God forbid that ever I charge him again, because of the report I have heard by Mr. Edward Forester, before his death. "Suppone with your self, althoughe debt be lange afore it be paied, yet it is not tint." Albeit I never recompense you, your reward is not the less before God Almighty, who is the rewarder of all good deeds. Send me word how the estate of friends stands. Albeit my writing "aforetymes" is of no value, nor yet answered, I will not forget my duty towards you. Yet albeit my brother Adam has promised never to write to me, I will not "leave" to write to him. Therefore commend me heartily to him. God forbid that I should bear any hatred of heart, "lett be my naturall bluide." With recommendations to my sisters and the rest of good friends, I will not "impesche" you with further writing. Brussels, 10th August, 1592.

(10.) ([ ] to Andrew Clerk.)

I received your letters by which you "made me understand" that you had not yet received your "bakett," which truly, sir, is not my default. For truly, sir, as soon as your packet came to Douai, which was three days after your departure from Douai, I gave it, as you commanded me, to the rector of the Jesuits, "the quhilk" he sent the second day to St. Omer to you, with my letters to you, my mother, and all other good friends, together with another letter sent to you from Brussels, and the number of the things which I received from the messenger.

Therefore, sir, do not believe that it was my negligence that hindered your "baket," for, truly, I rather brought it to you on my back or I had disappointed you. I desire you to make hearty commendations to my mother, brother, sisters and all other friends. Douai, 13th August [1592].

Postscript.—I have sent your "baket" to you with Mr. Adam Simpson.

"A Monsieur, Monsieur Andrew Clark, gentilhomme Escose, à Cales."

(11.) (Cipher of names and terms used in the enclosure with No. 765.)

Dunde; Lauder. Sanquhar; the gudeman of the Blakstok. Ruthven; Oliver Durie. Veims; Bank. Venitianis; Bankours. The Pope; John Qhite. Card; his sons. Italy; Langside. Florence; Mercerie. His Duke; Mercier. Ambassador; procurator. The Emperor; the baron of Tussy. Turk; Julien. Loren; Mr. Gross. Navarre; Lanoy. "Watter"; heretic. Horsemen; copper. Footmen; leade. Silver; "pulder." Sweisland; hillis. Germany; Julien's wife. Metz; Julian's second son. Verdum; his first son. Strasburg; his third son. Maguntia; his fourth son. Sax; Robert Stor. "Laudis"; wife. Priests; "wobsters." Seminary; sheepfold. Pont; Meny.

6 pp. Copy, in the hand of Bowes' clerk. Indorsed by Burghley's clerk. "October 1592. Copies of certaine Scottish letters sent from Mr. Bowes" and (by Burghley) ; "These letters are from Jesuittes into Scotland."

766. Mr. Archibald Douglas to Burghley. [Oct. 24.]

A young gentleman of Scotland, of good valour, called James Monteith, who was lieutenant to the Laird of Wemyss, but now "verye evill wounded and mutilated of his right hande" in a skirmish which he, with some Scotsmen, "maynteyned" at the taking of him who was before governor of St. Valerie, came from Dieppe to this town on the 23rd instant, and brought him [Douglas] these letters which he sends to Burghley. Although the letters appear to be of some importance, yet by reason that the plague is sore in Dieppe, he [Monteith] is not "mynded" to repair to the Court, in respect of the proclamation, unless he shall be commanded. Monteith is desirous to pass home to Scotland till he recover more strength, and his request is that he may have a passport "to ryde home by jornye," which he prays may be directed to his lordship's house in the Strand. Signed: A. Douglas.

Postscript.—Here is also a gentleman come from Scotland called Cummin (Commyne), who is desirous to pass into Germany to visit some of his kinsmen in Austria, and desires a passport. Each of them has two servants with them.

½ p. Addressed. Indorsed by Burghley's clerk.

767. James VI. to the Earl of Essex. [Oct. 31.]

"Richt trustie and weilbelovit cousing, we greit zow hartlie weill." This bearer's honest usage in his trade, and the great loss which he "incurrit" nearly five years since by way of piracy upon that coast, has moved us from time to time to commend his "havy cace" to the favourable regard of our trusty cousin the Lord Burghley, Treasurer of that realm, "alwayis" without effect or prosecution of the order set down for his redress, howsoever he has, by direction of the Council, deduced such trial "thairintill" as "clearis" sufficiently the truth and equity of his complaint. "With this is he mair laitlie dampnifeit and thortourit in ane uther." For having, upon his great charges, procured a licence to transport a quantity of grain under our dearest sister's seal, and "enterit in a pairt thairof, quhair as he hes our foresaid cousingis letters for his furtherance to the rest, he findis thame crossit be contremandis," to his great hurt, etc. "Quhome as his honest handling, and the full trust quhilk we repose in zow, hes movit ws to addres unto zour onlie favour in this cace, 'sa luke we that, be the gude effect quhilk he sall finde, ze will give ws a pruif quhat our recommendatioun may do with zow." Holyrood House. Signed: James R.

1 p. Addressed. Indorsed by Burghley's clerk.

768. [ ] to [ ]. [Oct. 31.]

"My commendationes maist hartlie rememberitt. I thocht gude to visie yow with this letter, nocht doutting bot ye have hard that my lord Duikis grace of Lenox is maid lord of Liddisdaill and Provest of Jedburght. Atour I heir my lord Wardene is cumit hame and hes gottin hies awin turnis done indefferentlie at Court. Bot ever accontrair your cuntrie, gif he war able to do it. Zir he is nocht sa able as willing. Atour I heir na uther bot my Lord Chanslare is lyk to gett Courtt agane, thairfoir ze salbe the better lykit of; and gif ze have ony farder to do toward him, advertes or he gang owte of thir partis, for he is presently in the Grenelaw, and will nocht remane ther gif he can wyn to courtt agane, for the Session sittis down agane within x dayis. My lord Maxwell is presentlie in putting at sum purpois in Gallaway. It appeiris aganis the Lard of Lochinvar in taking upe of escheittis, the quhilk is lyk to draw other greitt cummer amangis nychtbouris." Signed: "Wische ne better."

Postscript.—"I wraitt ane letter to yow quhilk come nocht in dewe tyme, bot ze man exuse the beirare for the caws, for I understande nocht it was delyverit be him, for it was utherwayis directit."

½ p. In a Scottish hand. Addressed: "To my assurit frend geve this."