Elizabeth: June 1560, 26-30 | British History Online

Calendar of State Papers Foreign: Elizabeth, Volume 3, 1560-1561. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1865.

Citation:

'Elizabeth: June 1560, 26-30', in Calendar of State Papers Foreign: Elizabeth, Volume 3, 1560-1561, ed. Joseph Stevenson( London, 1865), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/foreign/vol3/pp149-159 [accessed 6 October 2024].

June 1560, 26-30



June 26.	242. Cecil to Norfolk. (fn. 1)
	1. Norfolk's flock and charge do very well; is bold to meddle therein and visit them with his eye, morning, noon, and evening; and does what he can to relieve them with money. Sees it impossible for them to make assurance that no boats shall come into Dunbar with victuals, nor that on misty nights some creeping boats may not steal into Leith. They have strained the French to assent to all reasonable requests of the Scots; wherein he has gotten more by brags than by eloquence.
	2. The Scots shall choose twenty-four noblemen, out of whom the Queen of Scots shall choose seven and the Lords five, and this Council (or the more part) shall rule Scotland. No Frenchman shall have any office in Scotland; no man shall lose any office, room, or promotion, by this business; no men of war shall remain, but fifty at Dunbar and fifty at Inchkeith, who shall be monthly mustered by the Lords of Scotland; they shall not bring any victual or munition into these pieces but by oversight of the Scots, and that from six to six months. All the new fortifications in Dunbar shall be demolished; and the men of war in them shall be answerable to the justice of Scotland. The Scots shall remain in their religion, as a thing the French dare not meddle with. All the men in Leith shall be embarked at the English appointment, and the fortifications demolished by their oversight. They shall either pay, or the French King be bond to the Scots, for all things taken from them since the beginning of this matter. The Duke of Châtellerault and all others shall be restored to their estates in France. The Scots shall not acknowledge any fault, but only require all the abovesaid things; and for more assurance the French King and Queen shall covenant with Elizabeth to ratify all these things to the Scots. The only thing they yield is for the 100 men in two places; which it also is accorded shall be treated of in the next Parliament; and if it be found unnecessary for the realm they shall be withdrawn.
	3. The French are angered with nothing so much as that the treaty between the Queen and the nobility of Scotland cannot be broken. There had been no accord, as the Scots say, without his [Cecil's] presence; he fears that without this accord matters had proved worse than they had been hoped for. Leith is well ordered and painfully defended. No intelligence can be got, although the English take many. The state of the victuals is so ordered that no private soldier, nor many captains, can give any certain knowledge. Judges that no battery will prevail; the hope is only in sappage, which will cost many lives, for the French keep watch and ward without their ditches, having cleansed them and cast the earth outward, so that they have a walk without their ditches, and the earth is to them as a counterscarp. On the English side there has been worthy service; their trenches are almost a mile long, and are not guarded by less than 1,500 men, the two forts have betwixt them 1,800 men. There is great lack of numbers in the bands, at muster they are full and in service not so; either it cannot be remedied, or it cannot for respects be attempted until they are sure of peace.
	4. Lord Grey (whatever is reported) is a noble, valiant, and careful gentleman. Randall is worth more than the writer fears their time will consider. He is wise, painful, skilful and no pillar or robber; finds him a very odd man for all respects in this service. Vaughan is one able to take a great charge; he orders his soldiers very well, and makes of rude men good soldiers in a short time. Makes good report of the Duke's servant, Cheute, who is skilful, honest, and painful. Of Mr. Winter all men speak well. Is not able to write whether or when they will be finished, until they are answered of the letters sent by Binks, the Queen's messenger, on the 19th. If Binks brings nothing to stay them, Cecil trusts to accord fully on Saturday; to remove the French on Monday, to embark their ordnance on Tuesday and Wednesday, and to march towards Berwick with the greater part of the footmen on Thursday. If they conclude, the new army shall return with speed; and yet 5,000 may be chosen to remain until they are sure of the full disarming in France.—Edinburgh, 26 June 1560. Signed.
	Orig. Hol. Pp. 4.
June 26.	243. Norfolk to Cecil.
	1. Thanks him for his gentle letters which he received this morning, by which he takes a good hope for peace. Would fain make a journey thither to see somewhat for his learning All Croftes' men are gone to London ward as they say, to meet their master, who (by their report) comes down in great triumph. If it be true, the Duke will learn himself not to be so hasty in like cases again; though he thought no man could have gone nearer a traitor and have missed than Sir James. Prays God to make him a good man.
	2. P. S.—Asks Cecil to send his opinion for his request of seeing Leith, if things so chance.—Berwick, 26 June 1560. Signed.
	Orig. Hol. Add. Endd. Pp. 2.
June 26.	244. Payne to Gresham.
	To-morrow the Captains look for the Commissioner to be at Armuyden, where he will muster his mariners in every ship. They say the Spaniards shall come down to be sent into Spain to the number of 3,000 in all. They look for ships every day out of Scotland at Camfer. The hulks are not gone from the Rammekins towards Spain. There is a hoy come in from Habelneuf, in France, who said there were six great ships making ready and ten great hulks which brought salt, and they were loosing their salt within these twelve days, and that there were ships making ready at Dieppe and Brest, but he knew of no galleys. Yet they said here that there should be fifteen pass towards Scotland; but the hoy says it is not so, and that the French lack money, for the most now give the tenth penny of all their goods.—Middleburgh, 26 June 1560. Signed.
	Orig. Hol., with seal. Add. Endd. Pp. 2.
June 27.	245. Jasper Schetz to Gresham.
	Has this day seen a letter dated at Paris on the 21st inst., to the effect that the army intended for the succour of Leith is broken up, so that Leith is lost to the French, and must surrender. The breaking up of the expedition is due to the good order taken by the English Admiral to intercept them. There is great disturbance in France on account of religion, so that the Court is very sad, and there are no great nobles there except the Cardinal of Lorraine and the Duke of Guise. The King does not appear in condition to carry on any great war in Scotland or England.—Brussels, 27 June 1560. Signed. Orig. Hol. Add. Fr. Pp. 2.
June 28.	246. The Queen to Cecil and Wotton. (fn. 2)
	1. In answer to Cecil's inquiry, whether they shall break off if the French Commissioners will not agree that the league between her and the Scottish nobility shall continue, she requires them to press them thereto by all the ways they may, and in the end they may offer to have the same matters covenanted between her and the French King and Queen only, without any mentioning of the nobility of Scotland to be principal contrahents, having nevertheless a special covenant inserted that a good number of noblemen and cities both in England and Scotland shall be bond, not only for themselves and successors, to perform the articles of the treaty, but also to do all they may that their Princes and Sovereigns may perform the same, in such or like form as was agreed between King Henry VIII. and Francis; in the treaty of perpetual peace, a copy whereof they shall receive herewith.
	2. If the French Commissioners will not agree to this, then she must needs think that they intend nothing but by practice to gain time to strengthen themselves, and therefore she would have them break off any further treaty. And as soon as they perceive that they will not conclude, her pleasure is that they signify the same to the Duke of Norfolk, to the intent that he may with all good speed proceed with the army for Leith, to whom she has also written upon knowledge from thence to go forward. They may assure the Lords of Scotland that she seeks chiefly their security and the liberty of their realm.—Greenwich, 28 June, 2 Eliz. Signed.
	Orig. Add. Endd. by Cecil: Received 4 July. Pp. 3.
June 28.	247. Another copy of the above. Modern transcript.
June 28.	248. Treaty between England and France.
	Extract from the treaty between Henry VIII. and Francis referred to in the previous article, consisting of the names of certain noblemen and towns in England and France bound for due performance of the said treaty.
	Copy. Endd. by Cecil: Sent to Edinburgh from Greenwich 28 June. Lat. Pp. 3.
June 28.	249. Sir W. Petre to Cecil.
	1. Encloses the Queen's letters for the explanation of the points named in Cecil's letters of the 21st, which contain all that might be obtained and which are sent with all the speed that could be after the signature. Hopes they may tend towards a good peace. This morning the Duke of Holstein departed towards his country, being made of the Order two days past. Perceives by the articles sent hither, which were delivered by the Scottish Lords to the French Commissioners, that there was no such part agreed upon for the marriage of their Queen as has been thought; it were of great purpose that he had a copy of this treaty. Throckmorton is also very desirous to see them. If they contain such matter for the liberty of Scotland, it were good that they were sent to him. By Throckmorton's letters Cecil will understand that the French preparations are lately more hastened than before, and yet the Lord Admiral has had divers men come to him who say that the preparations are in no such towardness. Jones has been sent with letters to Throckmorton five days past, and was stayed the longer to have carried some certainty of Cecil's doings.
	2. Francis De Diaceto is come again; yesterday he was with the Queen, but the writer knows not what news he brings.—Greenwich, 28 June 1560. Signed.
	Orig. Hol. Discoloured by damp. Add. Endd. by Cecil. Pp. 2.
June 29.	250. Norfolk to Cecil.
	According to Cecil's letters has despatched them to the Court to Petre. Has spoken with the Treasurer for the despatch of the money remaining with him to Cecil, which, if his necessity did not much crave, they could ill have spared. Fears that they will send the treasure that shall come from London in such piecemeals that the Queen's service will take want and yet never a penny saved. They have great lack of corslets; the 700 will not stretch to ten to the 100. All the harquebusses in store are bestowed, and yet a great many remain unfurnished, who would willingly have them if they were to be had for money.—Berwick, 29 June 1560. Signed.
	Orig. Hol., with armorial seal. Add. Endd. by Cecil. Pp. 2.
June 29.	251. Confirmation of the Treaty of Berwick. (fn. 3)
	Articles suggested by the Bishop of Valence as to the confirmation of that clause in the treaty of Berwick on 27 Feb. between the Queen of England and the Scottish nobility, which relates to the conservation of liberty and the preservation of peace between England and Scotland, together with various modifications of the same, the last of which is in Cecil's hand.
	Draft. Endd. by Cecil: Sentence sent by Mgr. De Valence, 29 Junii 1560. Lat. Pp. 2.
June 29.	252. Gresham to Parry.
	1. In his last of the 25th the writer sent the particulars of Daniel Wolfstadt's demand for the refining of the English base money. His friend A. [Schetz] has come home, and says that whereas the Vice-Admiral De Wacken was sent to Zealand for the arming of certain ships, it is because the 4,400 Spaniards shall presently depart, and certain captains have made request to the Regent that the eight ships might be otherwise armed. A reward to Payne and Henry Garbrand at Dunkirk of forty or fifty crowns apiece will be better given than kept.
	2. On the 26th instant he shipped fifteen pieces of velvets in three English and two Dutch ships. There comes no more saltpetre out of Germany, as he has bought all in, having in readiness with that he has sent home already above 300,000 weight. Has and will send home to the sum of 400,000 weight, which amounts to 25,000l. at least. Begs that there may be order given for the secret taking in of this provision to the Tower. Has corrupted the chief searcher, who is all his doer, and right honestly deserves a worthy reward, as by him and through his advice Gresham is doing daily. If it were perceived, there is no other way than death with the searcher and him that enters it at the customs. Intends to venture in every ship that departs three or four pieces of velvets.
	3. Trusts that the three ships from Hamburg with the 9,000l. worth of provisions, and that from Bremen with the Cologne cleves, are safely arrived; has written to his servant to send away the rest by 3,000l. in a ship.
	4. Wrote on the 24th of the conversation of the chief customer with a friend of his touching the shipping of velvets and obtaining of passports; it were well if the Queen wrote for passports for 200 barrels of powder. Robert Hogan, who has returned from Louvain, says that the old Lady Dormer would in no wise speak to the Abbot of Salute for fear of offending the Queen, and that she lives very worshipfully and quietly at Louvain. He recommends the Queen to help Hogan to some stipend.
	5. On the 26th A. [Schetz] went to Court again, from whom he has received a letter of the 27th, which he encloses, on the affairs of France. Perceives that it is not the Queen's pleasure that he should come home. Complains bitterly of the Lord Treasurer's accusations touching the transport of the provisions, respecting which he enters into explanations, and says that if the Queen had been privy to his letters written to Cecil she would have been able to answer for him. In point of money matters he has but 300l. by him, and the Queen is in his debt. Calls to mind the promise that the Queen made him at Hatfield when she came to the crown, that she would always keep one ear shut to hear him, and that if he served her she would give him as much as ever both King Edward and Queen Mary did; which caused him to enter on this great charge again with heart and courage. Humbly thanks him for his comfortable letters, whereby he perceives the Queen accepts his advertisements in good part.
	6. The loss at Tripoli is great. The Emperor has concluded a peace with the Turk, which the latter has broken. They say that the Pope has committed the Cardinals of Caraffa, Naples, and Sermonette to prison, and has confiscated Caraffa's goods and also ready money to the amount of 300,000 crowns. Has heard nothing from Clough for the money of Count Mansfeld, to whom he gave commission not to tarry. Desires licence to return home for the delivery of his accounts. Parry's son is in good health; he desires him to augment his stipend.—Antwerp, 29 June 1560. Signed.
	Orig. Hol. Add. Endd. Pp. 6.
June 29.	253. Correspondence from Flanders.
	Abstracts of Gresham's and Payne's letters of the 29th and 26th June. Note after Gresham's letter, for him to give in his next advertisement of the number of cloths arrived at Antwerp since Michaelmas twelvemonth.
	Endd. Pp. 4.
June 30.	254. Throckmorton to the Queen.
	1. On the 28th Jones arrived here with commendatory letters from the Queen and the Lords of the Council. In his of the 24th the writer advertised the great preparations of the French by sea; now by his ministers at Dieppe, Fécamp, Newhaven, Honfleur, and Harfleur, and other places he is informed that they cannot set forth any number of ships in all July, and if they put forth any small number they mean thereby to make a show to do some sudden enterprise. The Admiral of France is at Newhaven with preparations, where are four ensigns of foot; the eight from Piedmont remain at Orleans to keep the town and country about quiet.
	2. On the 27th M. De Bueil, bastard to the Count Sansac and lieutenant to the Duke of Longueville, arrived at the Court from Scotland, and on the 29th was despatched back in post towards the Commissioners at Edinburgh with instructions to treat for longer abstinence and procure a truce for three years; he trusts that she will take her present advantage of them. She may have what composition she will at their hands. The French Queen was not told till the 28th of her mother's death; whereupon the King and she have taken again their mourning weeds. The Pope has lately caused the Cardinals Caraffa, Naples, and De Monte, with the Duke of Palliano, to be imprisoned in St. Angelo, under such colour as is thought that they will be degraded, and all four lose their estates, if not their lives; their judgment is referred to six Cardinals. The Pope has sent to the Emperor and the King of Spain to appoint the calling of a Council at Trent, where he will be present himself; for like purpose the Bishop of Viterbo is sent to the French King, who will remain resident instead of the other Ambassador. As for the sending of the Abbot of Salute, the cause thereof proceeded from some personages of appearance in England, who signified to the Pope that most part of her subjects of the greatest sort were against the religion she set up, and advised him to send some one, naming the same Abbot as being well known in England.
	3. The Turks have besieged Gerbes, the Viceroy of Sicily and young Andrea Doria escaped thence in a skiff and arrived in Sicily. There is at Gerbes for general one Don Antonio D'Alvaro, with 2,000 Spaniards and four months' victuals. The Turks number 12,000, and those of the island are revolted from King Philip. The Spanish Ambassadors conceive great unkindness that the French do not offer aid to King Philip, as he did to them unrequired, for the repressing their rebels at home and in Scotland. The French look that he first make request unto them. In that "they have a wolf by the ear," for in not using like kindness towards the King of Spain that he used towards them there will grow a jealousy between them, and in granting him succours they shall hazard their league with the Turk. The French King is in these parts at a house of his called St. Legier, where his race of horses are; he minds to remain there twelve days, and thence to depart towards Fontainebleau. He will do the ceremony of his father's "year's mind" before he go thither at an abbey in this country. He has proclaimed at Rouen that no man under a great penalty shall call another Heretic or Papist.—Houdan, the last of June 1560. Signed.
	Orig. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Add. Endd. Pp. 4.
June 30.	255. Throckmorton to the Lords of the Council.
	1. Received on the 28th their letter of the 25th, by Mr. Jones. Repeats the information contained in his letter to the Queen, of the same date, concerning the French preparations for war, M. De Bueil's commission into Scotland, the escape of Medina Cœli and young Doria, and the state of affairs at Gerbes; the expectation of the King of Spain that the French would assist him, the accusation of the three Cardinals of treason, extortion, and theft, and the steps taken for a General Council at Trent. The French King goes from St. Legier to Dampierre, a house of the Cardinal of Lorraine, and after some ceremony for his father's twelve months' mind at St. Denis, or thereabouts, he goes to Fontainbleau. "The death of the Queen Dowager of Scotland was ill taken here. It was not broken to the French Queen, her daughter, till the 28 inst., though they had news thereof on the 18, and now they mourn for her."—Houdan, 30 June 1560. Signed.
	2. P. S.—30 June 1560. The double hereof is sent to the Lord Admiral.
	1. At Newhaven are ten hulks from Brouage with salt stayed, and in wage with the King; all the hoys they can get they take to unlade the said hulks, at present but two are unladen. They carry six or eight iron pieces a side.
	2. There are also four King's ships not yet ready.
	3. At Honfleur are two fair ships from Brazil stayed to serve the King.
	4. At Dieppe is the Carrick, two of the King's ships, and certain merchant ships stayed, ready to be put in order.
	5. The Admiral of France returned to Newhaven the 20th of June, and took muster of four ensigns of foot lying thereabouts.
	6. They make their provisions there in sort as he wrote them in his last despatch.
	7. Such other merchant ships as should have gone to Guinea, Brazil, Biscay, Candy, and other places, are all stayed for the service of the King.
	Orig., with armorial seal. Portions in cipher deciphered. Add. Endd. Pp. 5.
June 30.	256. Throckmorton to Cecil.
	Has heard nothing from him by M. De Bueil, who told Mr. Somers on the 26th June, upon his arrival at St. Legier, that he had in good season been made privy to his coming. Unless he be greatly deceived M. De Bueil is upon his last despatch, with commission to agree to all demands rather than to fall to extremities, and nevertheless to use all possible means for delay. The French ships cannot be fully ready by the end of July, and then in no such full number but that the English will be double in force.—Houdan, the last of June 1560. Signed.
	Orig. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Add. Endd. by Cecil. Pp. 2.
June 30.	257. Throckmorton to Sir William Petre.
	Has received his by Mr. Jones. Has delivered this packet to Barnesby, a merchant, the bearer hereof, who goes by the way of Rouen and Dieppe, and has promised to consider as much as he can of the doings on the sea coast, and report to Petre thereof. Prays him to encourage him, and if he returns hither to advise him of that which is meet. Has given Barnesby ten crowns for his passage; if he deserves more prays him to be a means that consideration be given to him. Has written to Cecil and begs Petre to forward it. Writes also to the Lord Admiral, and asks Petre to decipher the letter and memorial before sending them.—Houdan, the last of June 1560. Signed.
	Orig. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Add. Endd. Pp. 2.
June 30.	258. The Earl of Huntly to Cecil.
	At his departure from Edinburgh the writer understood nothing of Cecil's coming to this realm, by reason of the Duke of Norfolk's writing to hasten their Commissioners to Newcastle; otherwise no present occasion would have caused him to have been unspoken with him. Has been desirous to speak with Cecil, whom he thanks for his labours in setting the realm at liberty. Would be happy to do any thing in his power for the Queen's service in this realm. Albeit the Dowager is dead, yet her practices are alive in these parts. Refers Cecil to the bearer, the servant of the writer.—Huntly, last of June 1556 [sic]. Signed.
	Orig., the body of the letter in Knox's hand, the conclusion and signature by the Earl. Add. by Knox. Endd. by Cecil: Ult. Junii 1560. Pp. 2.

Footnotes

1. Cecil to Norfolk.



June 28. Haynes, p. 334.	1. John Binks came yesterday at 2 o'clock, before Cecil looked for him. This night, at midnight, he had intelligence from the town that Martigues is dead, and the hope of peace keeps the soldiers from tumult. He has considered this, that as this hope comforts them, so does it animate these Ambassadors to stand with the English in certain points. He has this morning seriously communicated to Gray, the camp, and the Lords of Scotland, (although by the solicitations of the English they are accorded with the French, provided the English also accord,) that the English see plainly by such letters from the Queen, (as there is new matter in them which will put the whole in hazard.) that the English doubt the French and they shall break; so by this means there is this forenoon grown a fearful report to the French that there will be no peace. The Scots are glad hereof, and so is Gray and certain captains, but not all, nor almost any of the poor soldiers, who cursed Sir George Howard this morning, whom the writer sent purposely to scatter this report. Has also caused certain papers to be shot into the town, which will cause some stir, whereof he sends a copy. All this he does, only to abate the French Ambassadors' hopes of peace, and so reduce them to better terms. Thinks that with practice the town might be surrendered, but then peace will not follow, and it is inconvenient to come to a war but upon necessity. He hopes for peace, yet is content to disperse another opinion into all men's minds here, and wishes his Grace to do the same there. Beseeches him to advertise thus much to the Court. The Treasurer must come with some money to rid away the horsemen, and to pay for victuals that Cecil has caused to be provided for the ships, otherwise they will not be able to depart home.—Edinburgh, 28 June 1560. Signed.
	2. P.S.—Beseeches him to excuse his lack of writing to the Court, for he is overwhelmed here. His meaning is, not that contrary opinions were divulged either to France or King Philip's Ministers, but of peace, for staying of those purposes.
June 28. Haynes, p. 335.	Paper thrown into Leitii.
	1. The treaty of peace is now broken off, because the French Ambassadors will not agree to deliver to Lord Grey fifty of their captains, as was done to the Duke of Guise at Calais. Advises them, in order to save their lives, to surrender to the Duke of Norfolk, or the English Ambassadors, fifty persons, for otherwise the Duke has vowed to revenge on them the slaughter of his people.
	2. Advises them not to rely on any promises of succours, as the French sea forces cannot arrive before the middle of August. There were such tumults and dissensions in France last Corpus Christi Day, that everything there is in great confusion. Another English army has arrived at Berwick, and is ready to advance. They can surrender with honour, as they have so gallantly defended themselves, and been so often deceived with promises of relief.—28 June 1560. Fr.

2. Cecil to the Queen.



June 21. B. M. Calig. B. x. 96. Wright, 1. 30. Keith, 1. 414.	1. Since their common letters of the 19th, wherein he declared how far he had proceeded, the abstinence has done good in divers ways. The strength of the town has been quietly and truly viewed; means taken to draw some special men out of it from the French; and the men of war make little doubt of winning it, having the army here to besiege it. But he and Wotton intend to gain by treaty, with a peace following, what others would obtain by bloodshed and a war. Hopes to obtain all reasonable things save surety towards both realms; for the case being between a Prince and subjects, he knows not how to provide for the surety of subjects against all adventure, without such dishonour to the Prince as can neither be granted or reasonably demanded for subjects. These matters are marvellously difficult to resolve; yet, knowing the French malice, he would not yield so much to the French Queen's honour in behalf of her subjects, if Elizabeth's coffers were full to maintain but one year's war, such would be her honour, conquest, and surety. The greatest difficulty is found in the league between the Queen and Scotland, finding the Scots stand so fast to it, that they will never of their own accord break it off. Will see in two days what will follow, for, unless the moderation come from the part of the English, he sees no hope of accord.
	2. Understands by Petre's letters, that she wishes him to consider the advertisements from France brought by Mr. Jones, wherein he will seek what to write, thinking they are brought to her Ambassador to content him, not knowing how certain they are, and not advising anything upon uncertain counsel. Thinks France surely is disturbed, but sees no likelihood of its continuance, for either lack will be in the authors (being but popular) to continue, or else remedy will be in the rulers rather to yield in some part, than to lose their outward things by inward contentions.
	3. The offer of certain towns in Brittany and Normandy pleases him well, and the same would be allowed, but he cannot counsel her on things so far off; no strength is tenable far distant, nor should the Crown of England enter into war with surety of all Brittany. It is profitable for the time to divert the enemy with business at home. There are many ways to offend the enemy without great charge, of which he will not write.
	4. This afternoon, he and Mr. Wotton should have heard the French and Scotch artillery, he should say, articles of their treaty, but they are so long in planting, it will be to-morrow morning before the battery will shoot off.
	5. The French seek all they can to put jealousy in the Scotch of the English, so as the latter see what they shoot at; there is more trust that the matters will keep them asunder, and the English together, than in any certainty of the nation of Scotland. Their hatred to the French is such, and the causes are so many, the benevolence towards England is so great, that the French shall not recover the mind of the Scots against us, as in times past has been. Since the Queen's death, none in Scotland dare show favour to the French; the Bishops that are most offended dare not show countenance to these men, nor dare come out of the castle for hatred of the common people. Has offered the Archbishop of St. Andrews a guard to come to the Ambassador, but he durst not, so the French Ambassadors went to him and others. Will no longer molest her. Prays that God will direct her heart to procure a father for her children, so shall all of her realm bless her end; without this, neither peace nor war will profit long. Being now a preacher beseeches her to consider this, God will require a sharp account at her hand for time lost and the danger of bloodshed by a miserable people.—Edinburgh, 21 June, 4 o'clock p. m., 1560. Signed. Orig.

3. See Haynes, p. 338, Article C.