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Dec. 1.
Bantam. |
627. President George Willoughby, Gerald Pinson, Robert Coulson, John Hunter, and Richard Langham to the East India Company. The last from Bantam was 10th March 1633–4 on the Dolphin, transcript with copy of her invoice and bill of lading go enclosed, per conveyance of Batavia on the Dutch fleet. Have since received the Company's packet on ship Coaster 24th Sept. last per George Willoughby, who with the Factors and seamen arrived in reasonable good health, having lost only two men in the passage. To the letter by the Jewel, answer that they praise God for the safe arrival [in England] of the Jewel, Star, and Hopewell from hence, and James and Blessing from Surat, and hope the Exchange, Mary, and Dolphin have ere this well seconded their arrival. The calicoes and spices wet in the Star by negligence of stowage and of the carpenters, will reform as ordered, with the loss of weight on cloves, and their moistness. Will seriously follow and put in practice on Wm. Minors, &c. the Company's order for restriction of private trade so soon as he arrives from Coromandel, whither he was dispeeded on the Speedwell the prime July 1634, whose return they have some days expected and are in doubt is, by that Agent diverted some other way, contrary to order and the welfare of the Company's affairs. Will conceal their order in the absence of George Gosnell, Purser on the Jonas, though divulged on Coromandel, which the Hart brought notice of on 28th Sept., and is attending so much of her lading in Saddowe road, as they wanted here; hope to dispeed her home with another ship by middle of January, if want of men hinder not. Will observe the Company's order not to account to any but the Company for the 77 bales of private trade left behind the James (in margin, seized in Bantam in Wm. Hoare's time) which have been long since sent to Surat and full satisfaction given to the owners, as expressed in a letter from Mr. Norris. Their valuation
made by Hoare, went home with him, but it is impossible to say what has been made of each sort, having been promiscuously sold with the Company's. Take notice of the ample cargazoon sent on the Jewel to Coromandel, and heartily wish Agent Joyce had observed the Company's orders, seconded from Bantam by the Speedwell for timely return of her cargazoon, and that part allotted by the Company for the southern factories, and the dispeeding of the Hart timely for England, by which they could have anteceded the Danes for all the cloves of Macassar, the fruits of two years kept from them last year by many Dutch vessels employed to that purpose in the road of Macassar and Dessealon, &c.; but by Joyce's omission or some other project, doubt the quantity of cloves will be abated, though that factory is well stocked for somewhat as large a proportion as usually cometh from thence. Received by the Hart 28th Sept. a cargazoone of India clothing and moneys, whose price and goodness palpably shows the great decay of weavers and trade in those parts, which want Coromandel ought to supply. She brought only six bales of Coromandel goods for these southern factories, and none at all for England, though the reason of her stop there was principally to take in those goods, which it seems Joyce intends directly for England on some small ship, to make some seeming satisfaction for his extraordinary great expenses and his needless stately journey to Golconda, &c., wherein he has spent near 4,000l. The time of green pepper is past, but will have some pickled in readiness against next year. Will now answer their letter by the Coaster. The Jewel not yet come to Bantam, the Company's affairs ill admit such long detention of the coast cargazoone, being that Jambi requires supply about the middle of Oct. when the monsoon ends, and the pepper descends from the hills in Nov., Dec., and Jan. Macassar also must be supplied in Nov. for furnishing the prows with goods for the Moluccas to procure cloves against the next year. All particulars mentioned in the Coaster's invoice, received well conditioned. The President and other merchants safely arrived on the Coaster, and very fitly to assist the trade, Agent Ling being long sick, and since deceased, also Thomas Woodson the year before, and Mr. Bannister on Coromandel, so that death has left these parts as it were naked of experienced chiefs, neither can these now arrived supply all places, only the President, Mr. Hunter, and Mr. Langham being fit to direct the trade, the rest being young men that must be trained. Intreat a supply by their next; Masulipatam, Armagon, and two factories in the Bay of Bengalla ought to be supplied with discreet chiefs and seconds, and not "green heads;" the latter factories have a good report both from Surat and Masulipatam. Pettapoli and Viraacherone should also be provided with able men, towards which the President of Surat has sent four merchants, and the agent intends to stay the merchants and Purser sent on the Jewel, but the principals of each factory should be abler men, and in each factory an Accountant. These factories are but barely supplied, whereof in Bantam scarce any, the Council excepted, that are fit to be second in a factory much less chief; intreat a supply by the first conveniency, and that each factory should have a second able to
keep accounts, whereof none at present in these subordinate factories, so that at Jambi, Japara, and the coasting voyages of Sumatra, &c. necessity urges the preferment of such for chief as are ill fit for second. By the death of John Ling and pride of Christopher Reade, who would not be of Council unless he might be second to the President, John Hunter and Richard Langham were chosen to fill up the number of Council during their stay here. The revesting of the factory of Bantam with the title of a Presidency, will well countenance the residence, and keep their people in the more awful obedience, and with the liberty of increasing and decreasing wages will produce profitable fruit. The King well accepted Mr. Willoughby, and Keaywansadipa, his tutor, went on board to accompany the President ashore, where his Majesty's letter was delivered with good acceptance and Royal entertainment. Will proceed according to their order in the building of a house to secure their estates from fire. According to order received per ship Comfort, the Pearl was dispeeded in April last from Macassar towards Pooloroon, whose late passage lost her monsoon, so that after 20 days she returned; the timely attaining whereof this year shall be their care, only want an engineer to resolve them of the aptness and requisite strength of a fort there; one of the ships carrying supply to Macassar, may fitly go for Pooloroon and at return bring away from Macassar what cloves shall be ready. Thomas Barlee, deceased, on the west coast of Sumatra. Will dispose of the Council on occasion to other employments. Sickness has hindered the accounts from these parts, but hope to send them balanced by the Hart, and cannot inform them of the remains of their estates till then. The Dolphin's lading was for the Third Joint Stock, of which they perceive mention was omitted in the bill of lading, though it is likely there were some of the voyages' goods mixtured therewith, which shall be taken from that stock in like species, when the accounts are perfected, and laden home for their proper accounts. Have ready to lade on the Hart 121 Macassar bahars of cloves, and hope next year to send twice as much, if the coast clothing arrive within a few days; pray them in their next to Coromandel to peremptorily order their dispeed thence for Bantam by beginning of October, that Jambi and Macassar may be timely supplied, and for that purpose to double stock that coast next year for the southern investments, and then goods may be dispeeded in the beginning of September when provided beforehand, so the Company expressly charge the agent not to divert any part thereof into the Bay of Bengal, which it seems has so engulphed their estate that its returns come too late; neither need these factories any of those sorts of clothing, if the agent will provide fitting sorts at Armagon, Masulipatam, and its adjoining villages as formerly. And being that now Surat fails of fitting goods, the investments for these parts must be so much the more, to assist which will endeavour to send an increase of fitting commodities. Have thus spoken of the coast and the clove trade will say something of the pepper trade and trade in general. Pepper is provided at Jambi and several ports on the west coast of Sumatra, which with Macassar, &c. will necessarily employ eight ships of 200
or 300 tons apiece, especially if the Company intend to try the trade of China or Japan; of the first have a good opinion for silk, sugar, lignum aloes, &c., and the latter yields store of plate, copper, &c.; and as two such ships are yearly sent from England, two ought to be sent from hence, one to arrive in England about Dec. with advice and return with answer and supplies, and the other with a great ship or two to depart hence in November or December. Compute that these eight small ships are to transport to Bantam, which affords yet but little, 1,600 or 1,800 tons of pepper and cloves yearly in readiness for the great ships for England to be presently laden on their arrival and dispeeded away, well knowing that the loss of time of the great ships by want of lading, is too great a charge for a small stock to bear. But if the Company must continue yearly sending to Surat for defence against the Portugal more great ships than can be there laden, two of the small ships may be forborne if a great one may arrive yearly without fail at Tecoe to receive her lading from experienced merchants appointed from Bantam, for those yearly sent from Surat have greatly damnified the trade of that coast for want of experience, by underselling their goods, overbuying pepper, and paying great customs and needless duties; of which the Dutch General has complained, wishing them to join their advices to his for some good accord in Europe to beat down these abuses; which they heartily wish for the good of the trade, but when they consider the former many breaches by the Dutch for their own ends, "then our wishes are at a stand." Desire the Company therefore to forbid the further spoiling of that trade from Surat, which they will endeavour fitly to follow from Bantam. Intended employment of the eight small ships, viz., for Coromandel, Macassar, Japara, the west coast of Sumatra, Jambi, and China and Japan. The Jewel and Speedwell are at Coromandel, the latter expected to have been in Bantam in Oct. last; the Hart at Saddow Road, for the lading of which the Coaster and Dove are in Jambi River; the Pearl employed to Indraghiri; and the Swan and Comfort lately arrived from Sumatra with 598 bahars pepper, which met with such mortality that all the masters, merchants, pursers, stewards, their mates, coopers, and carpenters, &c., excepting seven are deceased, and many sailors to the number in all of 44; so that the remainder of both ships is but 50, part whereof have since deceased, in this place also raging a great contagion from drought; so that they are in great need of seamen, pursers, &c., and stores of all sorts; which by their letter on the Coaster seemed to have been sent on her, but from the President understand her burden admitted it not, but intended by the next. Pray these stores may come directly for Bantam, with a plentiful supply of cask. The Factors are as follows, at Bantam the President and Council, being five persons; Richard Barnabee and William Budd sick, lately come from Sumatra, Robert Jenny sick; Thomas Grove, William Johnson, William Cambell, Wm. Favour, and Wm. Smethwicke, being 13 persons, whereof 10 should be spared if possible by April, two for Coromandel, six for the west coast voyages, and two for Japara. At Jambi and on the Indraghiri voyage Christopher Fleming,
Christopher Reade, Thomas Robinson, Thomas Ivie, Silvester Grice, Richard Champney, Samuel Boys, George Dent, and George Goldington. At Macassar, John Russell, George Williamson, Jno Tuesley, and Samuel Clarke. At Japara, Ephraim Ramsey and a sailor for want of Factors; of which Factors three are intended home per the next. The Dutch, with whom they keep friendly correspondence, have these 13 months had wars with Bantam, and much mischief has been done, the Javas not being much behind the Dutch, many of whom have been surprised in prows, &c. and their heads shown at Bantam for example. It is reported that the Dutch trade in China is spoiled, where they have lately by hurricane lost three ships with all their men; their wars with all Java continue, but it is supposed they will shortly have peace with Bantam, which still remains at jars with the Materam, though no warlike exploits on either side practised. Will enlarge by the next for their own ships. Endorsed, "Intended to be sent by the Dutch fleet. R. by the Hart 4th Augt 1635." 9 pp. [O. C., Vol. XV., No. 1540.] |
| Dec. 3–12. |
628. Court Minutes, E. I. Co. Day appointed for a Court of Sales of remains of goods; bills to be set up on the Exchange to that end. Letter read from Dunkirk with offer of a ship of 550 tons, lately taken prize by the Dunkirkers from the Hollanders, for 1,100l., but the Court thought not fit to entertain the offer. Young, sometime servant to Sir Wm. Soame, who lived 10 years at Aleppo and hath the Turkish language, made tender of his service as Factor; referred to the day of election. Bill of Henry Smith, Land Purser, for 40l. for diet of Committees and other things, referred; objection made against the employment of Land Pursers and the going down of the Committees as a charge that might be well spared, the custom of the Turkey merchants cited but argued that the case of the East India Company is "much different," and prevents the landing of private trade, and therefore conceived the employment of Land Pursers, if they do their duties, and the going down of the Committees upon discharge of their ships is good and profitable service for the Company. Accounts of Ralph Rand presented, by which it appears 700l. is due to him; ordered that 150l. be paid to his executor, and the rest reserved till the return of the next year's accounts of Surat. Letter read of Richard Boothby; ordered that Sambrooke by next Court cast up his wages till his suspension, what he is charged to owe in India, what hath since been paid, and what he or his wife hath received. Petition of Henry Glascock for his 18 jars of borax, that he might partake with others before the market be glutted; he utterly denied the complaints registered against him in the Black Book; he was further charged to have been one of the greatest private traders in India, and to have been a great gamester and lost at dice above 2,500l., and yet is come home with a very great estate, and therefore advised him if he expect any favour not to stand upon his innocency, but deliver in writing before next Court how and where he got his estate. Relation of Mr. Governor that the Lords of the Council on complaint of the Company had
called in Bolton's patent for making indigo [see ante, No. 581], and granted order to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen to call the dyers before them and examine this abuse, and that the Lord Mayor had appointed Tuesday next. Cappur ordered to warn Clarke or any other dyer who has wrought the dust of indigo, to give knowledge whether its working be so prejudicial to the dyers as Bolton hath alleged. Committees for cloth recommend to see the clothworkers and dyers paid before Christmas. Ordered that Foster, the messenger who.warned Bolton and others before the Lords be paid 40s., and Edmond Chambers 20s. for repairing the bargehouse. |
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Dec. 5. Twenty bags of dust of pepper sold to Mr. Colthurst. Ordered that Henry Glascock's borax be presently put to sale, that commodity being now in estimation, but because of some private information, Ellam ordered to cause two or three of the heaviest jars to be searched whether there be not gold or other things of value secreted therein; the sale referred to the Committees of the Warehouse. Petition read of Mr. Scott and other the feoffees of the Hospital of Senock, in Kent, to the Lord Keeper with his answer, concerning the wharf and warehouses adjoining the Custom House key now in the Company's occupation; Committees intreated to survey same and report the yearly rent it is worth. Resolved to allow Mr. Rosse for his brother's cloths and other goods as they were valued in India, but for the quicksilver no more than 2s. per lb.; ordered to give warrant for what is due and cancel his brother's bond. Ordered that Mrs. Collins be paid 68l. 10d. for refining 88 barrels of old powder, which had been proved by the Master Gunner of England, after the rate of 15s. per barrel, and 20 new barrels at 2s. 6d. Ordered, in regard Mr. Dunn Master of the Palsgrave, hath been their ancient servant and done them good service, that his wife may sell for her best advantage at the East India House, Ellam being privy, to whom and for what price, a hhd. of small shells sent her by her husband, paying 10l. freight, notwithstanding Dunn knew they had contracted for such shells with Capt. Crispe, being a commodity for Guinea. Account of 36l. 9s. 8d. delivered for presents given by Capt. Slade to the Commanders of his Majesty's ships at the coming of the Mary into the Channel; 30l. allowed. On petition of Frances Browne, administratrix to her brother Edward Wadeson, deceased in the Mary, to receive 19l. 16s. 1d. deducted out of several men's wages for apparel and goods of said Wadeson sold at the mast, ordered to be paid. Bill of 6l. 14s. 3d. for ox hair sold the Company by Tho. Bennett to be paid. |
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Dec. 10. The Court understanding the great scarcity of powder in the city, there being not any to be bought for money, and the Company wanting 200 barrels, without which their ships cannot proceed, Mr. Governor and others are intreated to acquaint the Lord Treasurer, and to desire his permission to work out so much saltpetre in their mills as may supply their present occasions. Request of Wm. Bolton that in regard he is willing to surrender his patent for converting dust of indigo into flat indigo, they would not prosecute this business any further against him, which will be to his utter ruin and overthrow, offering to give bond that no more of said indigo be
made; and that seeing he had 6,000l. worth of dust of indigo on his hands, the Company would take it of him at the price he paid for it; answered that as this abuse, if not reformed, would tend to the overthrow of their trade, they must endeavour the utter suppressing of his patent, and that they were no buyers, but sellers of that commodity. Ordered, at the request of the widow of Henry Stout, since married again, to keep in their hands 22l. left by Stout to one of his children, now an infant, and to allow her 5 per cent. On petition of Wm. Slade, Purser of the Mary, reported an honest and able man, 750 lbs. of tinkall and 600 lbs. of mace to be delivered to him on paying 30l. freight, although the proportion is conceived too great for a person of his quality to have brought home; his debts and wages to be paid, and his bond cancelled. The Company's poor almsmen at Poplar to receive a chaldron of sea coals at 20s. against this blessed time of Christmas, as yearly accustomed. Swanley and Steevens required to be very careful in repairing the defect in the William's main beam, which, with small charge, will be easily mended and made as strong and serviceable as at first. The number of mariners for sailing the William not to exceed 160 men; Mountney to provide accordingly. The wages of Tho. Blocksedge, stayed on information that he ran away from his ship in India, ordered to be paid, understanding that after having received severe punishment he hath done good service in the Mary. Request of Mr. Saunders, that having a suit at law with Sir Henry Roe for the estate of Mr. Dunscombe, and understanding Sir Henry had sold or received the profits of Mrs. Dunscombe's adventure, they would give him a particular thereof under the Accountant's hand; the Court wished him to require this by the ordinary course of justice. Petition of Andrew Swanne, Purser's Mate in the Exchange, for remission of freight on a quantity of ginger, cubebs, benjamin, long pepper, sugar, and lignum asphaltum, refused, freight having been remitted on 600 lbs. of sugar. |
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Dec. 12. An extent taken out of the Exchequer against Thomas Flavell, deceased, by Anthony Penniston for a debt of 15l. read, but the Court considering the consequence of admitting extents of this nature is very great, directed Acton to advise with counsel how to avoid it, meantime the moneys in the Company's hands to be stayed. On information that Sir Edward Wardour, Dr. Raven, Abraham Chamberlain, Smethwyke, and Caron were above with the Auditors searching into the Company's books of accounts and letters; the Secretary required to fetch down the book of letters, and tell them if they be desirous to be satisfied in any particular they would please to repair to the Committees, and in a short time all the parties presented themselves. Smethwyke then recapitulated the motion made at the last General Court for a Committee to examine the accounts, and as Mr. Governor then required the Secretary not to make any register thereof, he had digested the same into writing, which he read, and it was observed that there was a clause that he and the rest of the select Committee should be permitted at all times to have recourse to their books of accounts and writings. The Court told him they much admired he should take
upon him to present such a writing as an order from the General Court, when there was never any such thing granted, nor was it ever put to the question; and that by his Majesty's charter the Court of Committees, who are most of them men of eminent place and quality in the city, have the sole power of ordering the Company's affairs, neither are they bound to give satisfaction to every humorous spirit. Smethwyke replied that the charter gives a greater power to the Generality, who have a prerogative above them, for they have power to displace any or all of the Committees, yea the Governor himself. He was answered this must be for proved misdemeanors, and therefore, if he knew any that were guilty, he should accuse them that they might clear themselves, but he made no reply, but insisted upon the allowance of the aforesaid order drawn by himself. To this was answered that on 28th Nov., with the good liking of Lord Say and Sele, it was ordered that the Auditors should first perfect the work they have in hand without being disturbed, and when they have presented it to the Court, and the Court to the General Court, free liberty will be given to except against any particular. This answer gave full satisfaction to Sir Edward Wardour, who declared if he had known as much before as now he doth, of the fair carriage of the Court he would never have opened his mouth against it, but Chamberlain took occasion to complain of the manner of turning over of the three voyages to the Joint Stock, for the Generality ought first to have had time to deliberate thereon; to this objection it was answered that the business had been argued at four or five several Courts of Committees, and after the Generality had at large argued and disputed the same, it was with unanimous consent ratified and confirmed, and for many days after was so well liked as it was given out upon the Exchange that doubtless the finger of God directed the Committees, so as for four or five to except against it, some of those being then at the Court and giving their consents, argued a great deal of arrogance and presumption, and savoured rather of faction than any hearty desire for the good of the Company. Smethwyke next declared that in truth they came about a matter of greater consequence, and doubted not he should receive thanks for his discovery, being persuaded they have been abused by their servants, or else the business hath not been fairly carried, and, turning to a letter written to their Agent and Factors in Persia, of 16th April 1634, desired a clause might be read, which was as follows: If Kirkham invested 18,000 Rs. of the Company's moneys in goods at Port for private trade he deceived the Company egregiously, from a note under Sherland's hands it appeared that all the Masulipatam goods were bought by him at 50 per cent. profit, and the Indian goods at 20 per cent. profit, and the manner of bargaining showed that these goods were bought of Englishmen, whose names ought to be mentioned in Sherland's papers if he were partner with Kirkham. They are requested to make more diligent search into Sherland and Kirkham's papers, "lest it may be pretended (as we do conceive) those goods were bought for the Company's account (though very indiscreetly) in hope of benefit."
Smethwyke demanded by whose authority the words (as we do conceive) were inserted, or whether those words were not interlined after the Governor and Committees had signed the letter, inferring thereby that the Governor and Committees were much to be blamed for conniving at Kirkham's private trade, those words implying as much. Answer of Ellam, upon whom this accusation reflected. The Court then observed the aim and intent of Smethwicke was to lay this aspersion upon the Governor and Committees, and Dr. Raven offering to maintain that the words, according to grammatical construction, could not be otherwise interpreted by any judicious man, the Court much blamed Dr. Raven, being a man of learning and quality, that he should so far forget himself as without better reason to tax the Court with so foul a fact as the breach of their oaths, for they are as well able as himself to judge of the sense of the words, which bore no such grammatical construction, but are as clear and plain as their actions, and therefore the Committees conceive themselves to be grossly abused and unmannerly dealt withal. Many sharp passages being interchanged between the Court and Dr. Raven, Sir Edward Wardour intreated them not to think ill of him in coming with Raven and the others, for had he been made acquainted with their intentions, he would have not only absented himself, but dissuaded them, for he rested well satisfied with what the Court had directed, holding the Committees to be gentlemen of worth and integrity. Argument of Mr. Mustard that this exception is rather out of malice than upon any just ground; Mr. Deputy much blamed Smethwyke for playing the devil's part in urging what he conceived, might serve his turn and concealing what made against him, which he thought a business savouring of malice and envy rather than of piety or religion. So Smethwyke and the rest departed, whereupon motion was made for an order to inhibit them and other unquiet and searching spirits as are factiously and contentiously given, from perusing their accounts or letters at any time, it being remembered that the Hollanders are so far from giving this liberty to their Generality that only four of the Bewinthebbers are privy and made acquainted with business of consequence, but the same was left to next Court. 15½ pp. [Ct. Min. Bk., XV., 111–126.] |
Dec. 16.
Bantam. |
629. President George Willoughby and Council to the East India Company. The bearer, John Chevachart, a French merchant, used to trade in Macassar for cloves, and the late Agent and Council, that the Company might enjoy the greater quantity of cloves, ordered the Factors there to treat with him for his estate, to be paid him at Bantam or in England on reasonable profit, whereupon an agreement was made, and he delivered there 12,132 mass, and was to have passage with his servants and necessaries to Bantam, and so have bills of exchange payable on the coast of Coromandel, and in default of timely payment to have accommodation back again at 80 per cent. benefit on the adventure. But Chevachart arrived on the Swan in June last with the contract which he tendered to the late Agent and Council, who perceived it would not
be convenient to pay him so great a sum on Coromandel, and therefore treated with him for payment in England by bill of exchange at 6s. 6d. per mass; to which he demurred, but since his return from Sumatra is willing to accept. Have therefore agreed to give him his passage and bills of exchange amounting to 3,942l. 18s., payable at 10 days' sight; which they desire may be punctually performed to Chevachart, who has well deserved for his good service and assistance on the Swan, which, being in great distress on the west coast of Sumatra, from the mortality of the Master, Mates, and many men, he at the entreaty of Richard Barnaby, Cape Merchant, took charge of and safely brought into Bantam Road. This is only for advice of the bill of exchange. Signed by G. Willoughby, Gerrald Pinson, Robt. Coulson, John Hunter, and Richard Langham. Endorsed, "Per Mr. John Chevachart. R. the 4th August 1635." 2 pp. [O. C., Vol. XV., No. 1541.] |
| Dec. 17. |
630. Court Minutes, E. I. Co. Report of Capt. Styles that as Evelyn would not sell the Company any powder for less than 5l. 3s. 4d., he forbare to treat with him, their ships wanting 200 barrels. Relation by Mr. Governor, that he and Mr. Deputy had acquainted my Lord Treasurer with the scarcity of powder in town, and the Company's present want of 170 barrels, desiring leave, seeing they cannot be supplied from Evelyn, to petition the Board for liberty to work out so much of their own saltpetre; but he answered he would not give way thereto, for his Majesty intended to have the sole making and disposing of that commodity, but would serve the subject at such prices as would give content, wishing them to have patience for 8 or 10 days, and then they should know where to be supplied, and at what rates. He next made known to his Lordship Giles Waterman's relation concerning the King of Spain's intendment to set forth a fleet of eight galleys and a pinnace to intercept both the Dutch and English ships at "Cape Bone Esperance," which his Lordship and Lord Cottington were of opinion may well be true, but is rather intended against the Hollanders than the English; ordered that copy be sent to Mr. Barlowe to acquaint the Bewinthebbers therewith that they may see how ready the Company is on all occasions to do them all friendly offices. Ordered that the brother and administrator of Francis Eyre, deceased, be paid 25l. due for his wages, but the rest of his estate to be detained till the return of their next ships from Surat. The letter from the Bishop of London and others for the Company's contribution towards the repair of St. Paul's Church referred to the General Court. Mr. Deputy and others intreated to be present at the hearing of the petition of Dr. Hawley and other executors of Henry Hawley before the Lord Keeper on Saturday next at Durham House, and Acton to instruct Counsel. Petition exhibited to the Lord Keeper by George Sill, brother and administrator of Henry Sill, with his Lordship's answer, read; the business being somewhat intricate, conceived best to refer the examination of the accounts to two indifferent persons to be chosen on each side. Complaint of Sir Morgan Randall, with Mr. Sewster, his learned
Counsel, that the Company had not performed their covenants with his father, Sir Edward Randall, concerning their powder mills and lands at Chilworth, and he demanded reparation for careless keeping of the dam-head and grates, and other things; the Court answered they conceive they have punctually observed their covenants, and are so far from being in love with said mills as they will very willingly resign their lease, and desired answer within 14 days. Ordered, as formerly at this blessed time, that 10l. be given to the churchwardens of Stepney for the poor, and 10l. to Cappur for such poor widows as shall petition for charity. 4 pp. [Ct. Min. Bk., XV., 126–130.] |
Dec. 20.
Parranap. |
631. Consultation held by Thomas Ivye, Samuel Boys, and Geo. Goldington. Christopher Reade, Thomas Ivye, Richard Champneys, Samuel Boys, and Geo. Goldington, having been consigned by the President and Council to the chief Factors at Jambi, to be employed on the Pearl for Indraghiri to buy pepper, it was agreed that the pinnace Dove should accompany the Pearl to comply with the President and Council for returning Reade to Sado Road by 15th Dec. to depart thence with the Hart for Bantam; 13th Nov. both ships sailed, and arrived in the river of Indraghiri on 26th. Reade left the ship 28th with the other Factors, Champneys excepted, being very sick, and arrived 14th Dec. at Indraghiri, spent two days searching for the town which Wm. Hicks, Carpenter on the Coaster, said had formerly been there, but the town was destroyed and the King fled, and their provisions being spent they resolved to return to the ships. Met three Malayan prowes "which could not avoid us," whose chief told them that six years since the Achinese came to Indraghiri and caused the King to fly three days' journey up the country. Reade's time being expired he departed in the Dove's skiff, and they returned in the Shallop, with a Malay to pilot them, to seek the King. Arrived at Parrmapp 15th, four days' journey further than the pilot reported, rowing every day and most of the night. Saluted the three Kings and great ones with presents, after six days' delays agreed for the pepper at 20 Rs. the baharr, 2½ King's custom, Rooba Rooba to the three Kings and nine Orankays, to the value of 100 Rs., and to deliver their cloth at the price current in Jambi. Were assured of 400 baharrs ready in the town to be sent aboard, and as much more shortly to come down out of the country; which quantity, and the goodness of the pepper induced them to give that price, when it could be bought at Jambi for 16 Rs.; but when they found they must receive from 2 to 20 baharr at every particular man's house, running the hazard of it aboard the ship and being embezzled on the way, and that every man would carry it down in his own prow, they departed, having order not to trust them with anything unless the pepper was first delivered aboard. Endorsed, "R. by the Hart 4th August 1635." 3½ pp. [O.C. Vol. XV., No. 1542.] |
| Dec. 22. |
632. State of Thos. Smethwike's gift out of his adventure in the East India Company. On the hearing of four of the Company by the Lord Privy Seal in 1631, they agreed that the product of
Smethwike's adventure came to 1,000l., which is his gift to the Church. Whereof 600l. was taken out by him, and agreed to be paid to the Church by 100l. yearly; the remaining 400l. the Company offered to pay to the Church by 100l. per annum, or to advance by the trade as they did their own, "without any innovation to prejudice it." The Lords accepted the gift, but Smethwike has paid to the Church only 100l. in Oct. 1632, leaving 500l. of his stock in trade; so as the Church's stock is 900l., which with the profits he accounts worth 1,400l., and likely to yield yearly 200l. without diminution of value, but doubts that by some late innovation in the Joint Stock it is much disreputed, being valued by the Company at under 800l. and like to decrease. Desires the Company will hear his advice, on behalf of the Church, on all occasions. Is confident this diminution is pretended to the end to buy in adventures at undervalues. Suggests that some course be taken to transfer his gift to the Church; that the fittest way be considered to understand the present state of the gift, and prevent its diminution, or to take it forth as it is; if such a diminution fall out, ought not Smethwike to pay the 500l. by 100l. per annum, and the Company to account for the 400l., with the full product hitherto. Endorsed, by Archbishop Laud, "Toward S. Pauls." 2 pp. [Dom., Chas. I., Vol. CCLXVIII., No. 76.] |
| Dec. 24. |
633. Court Minutes, E. I. Co. Acton's bill of 4l. 10s. for law causes against Gabriel Hawley and the Earl of Cleveland, to be paid. Ordered by unanimous consent that henceforth neither Smethwyke nor any of the Generality shall be suffered to have access to any of their letters, books of account, or orders of Court, nor be present at the first reading of any of their letters from Presidents, Agents, and Factors, without special leave and order of the Court; the Secretary required to set up in his and the Accountants and Auditors' offices, a declaration of the following tenour:—It being found that the liberty some of the Generality have assumed to themselves to come into the Accountants' and Auditors' offices to peruse the Company's letters and accounts, has not only been the occasion of many disputes in the General Courts and Courts of Committees, but tended to the great prejudice of the Company by divulging passages which ought to have been kept secret, or at least not so soon revealed, and casting unjust aspersions on the Court of Committees, purposely, as may be feared, to dishearten the adventurers and overthrow and ruin the trade; the Governor, Deputy, and Committees, therefore, calling to mind his Majesty's command to endeavour the continuance of the trade, and the oath they have taken to manage it to their best skill, and deal equally with all men, require their Secretary, Accountants, Auditors, and other officers henceforth not to suffer or permit any of the Generality or others whatsoever to peruse any of their letters, accounts, orders, or any other writings, without special order of the Court of Committees, and they further desire that none of the Generality will presume to press into the Court of Committees at the first reading of their letters from the Indies, which often contain passages of
state which ought to be kept secret, assuring the Generality that nothing will be concealed from them that is fit for them to know. Messrs. Davis and Smith nominated by Sill to join in examining the differences betwixt him and the Company, Smith excepted against as a professed accountant. Attendance of John Fowkes and Bonneale in custody of the Lord Keeper's messenger, concerning satisfaction of their debt, but, finding Fowkes still stood on his innocency and Bonneale offered but 500l. as formerly in full, wished them to trouble the Court no more, but thank themselves if they suffered imprisonment through wilful contempt of the Lord Keeper's Decree. Ordered that Ralph Robbins and Leonard Culmer be delivered four bags of turmerick, bought by them three years since of Robert Rickman in the Charles, and seized by the Company's officer, on payment of 40s. by way of fine to the poor box, the goods being much decayed by long lying, and of small value. 4 pp. [Ct. Min. Bk., XV., 130–134.] |
Dec. 29.
Swally Road, ship Jonas. |
634. President Wm. Methwold, Nath. Mounteney, Wm. Fremlen, Tho. Turnor, and Richard Cooper to the East India Company. Refer to letters of 10th Dec. 1633 and 31st Jan. and 21st Aug. last sent by the Dutch ships and the Mary. Received 29th Aug. last the Company's letter of 25th Oct. 1633; the Jewel arrived at Masulipatam 5th June; later letters arrived, and are elsewhere journalized. Praise the Almighty for conducting safely to the Company's hands so fair a return in such defective ships. The sad effects of Capt. Weddell's first arrival at Gombroon, on those that were then landed, and what befell most that were the following year left to supply their rooms, which was cause too much to the survivors in Persia and Surat to resolve to avoid the like practice for all time to come; yet within the revolution of three months they were invited again to visit Gombroon in the same season, and resolved unanimously in consultation that the Jonas should touch there in September, take in such silk as they found, and repair to Surat, and that any goods consigned for Persia should be transferred to the Jonas, if the fleet out of England consisted of but two sail, but if more, then one of them should accompany the Jonas with Persia goods; not guessing at an Agent, so that Mr. Hoare's voyage to Persia was voluntary in respect of them, as will appear by his letter of 25th Oct., in which he is firm for making Persia the first port, and if the silk could be ready, it were an advantage of a whole year, which might not be neglected for any panic fears. The heats are certainly most intolerable in June, July, and August, which makes the natives avoid them by receding up into the country; but if the Portugals may be credited in their printed Annals of India, the winds are more pestiferous than the heats, which in a short stay will do the less hurt. Think it fit, whilst at least the Portugals have no greater force in India, that one ship should touch at Gombroon about the end of September and in 10 clays unlade her goods, lade such silk as will be ready, and then sail for Surat; which in Dec. following may be laden for England, whilst that brought from Persia in Feb. or March is carried up and down almost a whole year before it can
be sent home. This induced the Hollanders this last year to send two ships immediately there, which stayed a long time in the extremity of heat, received 420 bales silk, and arrived at Surat without any remarkable loss or sickness. However, it would be best to leave it to the discretion of the President and Council, for when the ships return from Gombroon in March or April they bring advice what hopes the Agent, &c. have to send down against that season, which must be the main induction. Want arithmetic to computate the losses the Company have sustained by the miserable stand in trade befallen this almost desolated kingdom of Guzerat: where to better it or how to mend it ourselves we cannot possibly foresee; the Company's ships here in India spend their means without hopes of lading from hence. But that which hath most ruined their action hath been the long continued interest unwillingly paid, but now by good help and treasure sent out enough to sink it almost to nothing. Private trade was in its season also a most undoubted prejudice, know none that dare defend it; the great misleaders that miscarried so many by their example are departed, and others that lived here in those times will not abjure their delinquencies in some less measure, but all think it most safe to confess that they have erred and heartily beg the Company's pardon. The manner of private trade has also its aggravation, for to divert the Company's stock into particular occasion is a fraud not to be better termed than flat felony; and to take their credit is "not no offence" because they themselves pay the interest, for we have seen that for want of success your estate hath paid both principal and interest. The accounts will show who have offended this way; Skibbowe was certainly one, and it is believed the proceeds were annually made over privately into England, to satisfy some and defeat other of his creditors, for how he should otherwise fall so far behindhand cannot be imagined. Are so warned by the Company's great discontent that they vow to avoid their just displeasure in any such courses that so much disgust them. Can give no reason the accounts were not formerly sent home, unless Mr. Hopkinson's infirmity may salve the neglect; he was undoubtedly many ways faulty. Mr. Giffard succeeded him, but whether from age, infirmity, or too much opinion of his own way, they found them much perplexed after his decease. Hope they be now perfected by Nathaniel Mountney, who will be their best interpreter to the Auditors. The confusion may be imagined in the accounts of the several voyages and Joint Stock, all in agitation at once, whilst men were taken away that should have directed them, and those that had to keep them had scarcely foul papers that did bear witness of the passages of business; whereby many debts are so long since made that they are now absolutely denied, or pretended to be paid to some one who is dead. Indeed all things of this kind subsist in such a confusion as some of us could hardly believe there was any issue out of them, and having perused the Company's last passionate letters, they tremble to think what will follow upon their further view. Beseech the Company not to let other men's errors be laid to their charge. During those desperate times, when want made men more resolute
than their natural disposition, the Company's caphila was assaulted near Cambaya, but the thieves were repulsed without any loss. Betwixt Baroach and Surat another caphila was assaulted, where an English armourer was wounded, and died three days after, one bale of baftaes lost, and two other bales cut open, and some taken out. What the Company notice concerning the Rajpoots was indeed the return of private trade from Persia, for between the Bea and Surat they set upon a cart carrying 63,000 ma., slew one black, and carried away the money past recovery. Afterwards the English, in company with the Governor, Mezer Mulck, making a show to have assaulted the town, they restored 9,000 mamoodes, which were divided in proportion to every man's loss; have not understood that this occasioned the Company any charge. John Leechland was discharged long since; his death will be found in a journal, and his disposure of what he pretends to be due for two-thirds of salary betwixt his woman and his daughter. He deceased miserably poor, for which cause have allowed them somewhat monthly, but because of the Company's dislike of them and their disorders have suspended the allowance. In the meantime it is a great pity the poor girl should perish in the mother's education, undoubtedly a most wicked woman; thought to have forced her from her mother and sent her home to Leechland's kindred, but attend further order; she is about nine years of age, and it would be an act of charity to add to her baptism Christian education. "Be confident, we beseech you, that her house shall be proscribed; whilst he lived there might be colour for a visit, now according to the custom of this country there can be nothing but suspicion." Know not how John Willoughby's debts should be dangerous, except that Sir Francis Crane's tapestry being sold by him to Raw Ruttan on trust contrary to commission, was put to his account, and so stands to this time far beyond his ability ever to satisfy. Concerning the 77 bales of private trade discovered in the James at Bantam; a consultation in Hopkinson's Presidency, who was also one of the proprietors, ordered payment to divers men. The five carpets for the use of Sir John Wolstenholme and Mr. Bell, Mr. Rastell provided and sent home; but whether paid for or where shipped, are as ignorant as averse to the preposterous course of shipping them without invoice, or any other notice to charge some man particularly with the care of them. Humbly beg that the faults of their predecessors, and the lamentable poverty of this trade, which will cast such inevitable loss on the adventure, be not laid to their charge. Their vendible broadcloths mostly disposed of, a good part given away, and some sold at reasonable profit; and there remain 16 from the Palsgrave's fleet, stammels, greens, and Venice reds; old remainders there are, but so worn and moth eaten, that they will not go off at any price. No man now remembers about the six fine cloths desired by Mezar Mulck. Conceive that 10 Spanish cloths of late much worn in England by the most youthful gentlemen being of very light and quick colours, betwixt 20s. and 30s. the yard might be put off to him at good prices, not more, he being their only customer and a most perfidious Mahometan. His
accustomed violence makes defalcation of measure one of his ways of profit; but donbt not the Company's care in measuring, thongh it is evident the cloths shrink after they return from the tenters, have complaints from all places. Four cloths measured in presence of Mounteney, Cooper, and Turnor out of the Palsgrave, which wanted 6½ yards cut of 140. The attempt against Muscat fell with the Duke of Shiraz, "a quiet trade doth better befit your wants and shipping, that have always been more intent to get money than ground in India." Returned 4,784 long red cornelian beads by the Mary, and will send by the Jonas what they can get, but Cambaya, where they are made, is so miserably decayed in those artificers; the Palsgrave shall also have some in case she go for Augustine Bay, as the Dolphin did. Capt. Weddell first discovered the preservation of the flesh of that place, which he has since perfected by adding pepper to the salt, it would be a great furtherance to that practice if the ships from England could sooner arrive there, for they commonly can stay only for watering, wooding, and refreshing. That truck will be ruined, if not speedily prevented, by all sorts of persons carrying beads, who disturb the Purser's business for refreshing the whole fleet, giving sometimes for a little lance half as many beads as will purchase a good ox. Will enjoin a remedy from Surat, and the Company may please to insert it in their sea commissions, for since neither silver nor gold hold so good an esteem, must take cave to preserve it. Formerly if the Commander in any ship took the liberty to carry a sow or boar it was cooped up and kept clean, whereas now officers of all qualities carry swine and other cattle, so that the waists of the ships resemble the pens in Romford. Find that Rastell advised that two suites of Sir Francis Crane's tapestry were sold and entrusted to Raw Ruttan by John Willoughby without order, he was so foolish as to deny some small fees to a servant of the Rajah which would have procured payment, and after lying there 15 months returned without it; John Banggam was sent to Brampore about the business, where he lived like an idle young fellow, and lost himself both in body and estate; he said the Rajah promised to pay part of the debt; have since dispeeded John Drake to follow the business, who advises more hopes than any of his predecessors. Will return what remains, having no hopes of its sale, and less of barter for diamonds or anything else. The story of Vulcan and Venus twice sold to Mezer Mulck, and as often most basely returned. Resolved not to land the piece last sent without the Governor's public promise of leave to return it aboard if he liked it not or it's price; but having opportunity that instant to send to the King, he gave 1,600 mamoodes for it, yet wished the groundwork had been green, red, or yellow, or such like lively colours. Hope Aldermen Perry and Andrewes have received all that remains of their tapestry, one suite excepted, which remains in expectation of sale or their command home. Notice the Company's desires concerning all sorts of calicoes, and dislike of those sent in the Star and James, but can send none, having no means, nor can any be had in any proportion; as appears from Thomas Thimelby and Joseph Keeling, who being
sent to perfect a small investment at Baroach, to lade the Reformation for Sumatra, with their fears they shall not finish it. The reasons, the scarcity and dearness of cotton wool, which chiefly arises from the great price all sorts of grain have yielded for years past, and the death or flight of artificers of all sorts. Cannot hope to see the calico trade restored to its former lustre for five years at least, yet the plenty of this year occasioned by the seasonable rains, summons down again those fugitives, and there is a much greater concourse of people in the cities, though the villages fill but slowly, and if the excessive covetousness of the Governors of all sorts would give the poor people leave but to lift up their heads, in one year's vacancy from oppression they would be able to keep cattle, and there would be no want but of time to make the children capable to exercise the functions of their fathers, whereunto the custom of this country doth necessarily oblige them. Other accidents for the dearness of cotton wool; the great transportation to the coast of Malabar and to the Red Sea, where it is sold to great advantage. Have written to their Broker for musters of brown dutties from Ahmedabad being so well liked, but they absolutely refuse to alter their looms and make them broader. Have also procured musters of broad cloths in Masulipatam thinking the agent could furnish them there better cheap. Have no small sorrow that the Ryana indigo has come to so bad a market, knowing the excessive price, charge and loss it cost. Find by letter from the Dutch General and Council, that when their Cirquez indigo yielded 40 styvers, the Byana yielded but 35, which seems marvellous. Agra has proved like that cursed cow, which hath given a good soop of milk and kicked it down with her heel. Cannot say but that indigo bought green in Oct. and Nov. loses much weight by drought, which occasions the difference in price between new and old, but the contrary occasioned the excessive defect found in this, for the caphila was overtaken by rains and most of the 500 bales were very much wet. Gumlac on sticks not to be had here, but have assurance to be plentifully furnished from Bengala, and those parts of Arracan and Pegu. Serquez cannot be had to content them with the prices. Dare not buy saltpetre; what is now come from Agra is on account of moneys disbursed long since. "Will forbear refined gumlac, or anything else positively prohibited. Bloodstones cannot be had in regard of mortality of workmen in Cambaya. Cotton being worth 12 mam. per md., cotton yarn formerly bought at 16 mam. per maen, not now to be had under 23; but this also is promised from Bengala. Had the good hap to prevent the Company's order in the matter of taking up money at interest; for till the Palsgrave's arrival the President's single signature was the Company's engagement, and every one of the Council's credit the Company's debt; but resolved the contrary. Will be careful to keep within bounds, but when the Company's good, lies involved in taking credit, will take counsel and make a virtue of necessity; and hope a benefit also. Some new credit has been taken, but for old debts, it is only robbing Peter to pay Paul. Nothing shall frustrate the yearly sending home of copies of journal, cash book, &c.; fear
not to perform the rest of their commands about the accounts if sickness or mortality should not interpose at the pinch of a ship's departure, or in the heat of business. Capt. Weddell's disposure into the Jonas proceeded from his own desire; wish he had prevailed with the Company in the suit for another ship; he is a gentleman of valour and resolution, and submits to no man that the Company ever employed in the care of his charge, especially at sea, but his tractability so far exceeds that of many of those churlish Commanders, who conceive themselves only created for the sole good of the fleets they command, that they desire no better or other man "to conne the fleet." If he has charged their account with any presents, it was at Ormuz, where, as here, he still retains the respect and esteem as well as the title of Capt.-General, nor has he done it without presents of victuals received for the Company's account. Concerning the execution of the Company's positive order directing George Gosnell, Purser of the Jonas, to be sent home displaced and all his goods and papers seized; received a letter from him, wherein he took notice of "your severe doom," and did in lamentable sort bewail the ruin of his reputation and the total welfare of himself, his wife, and children, with sad protestations that the whole amount of his quicksilver was less than 100l., Methwold, "perpending the dejected appearance and sorrowful suit of the sad petitioner," affected with more compassion than obedience, in his uttermost respect to the most honoured city in the world, remembered that delinquents have been convicted and condemned and afterwards in tender mercy reprieved to the further pleasure of the highest power, presumed to reprieve his Pursership only until his presentation of himself to the Company, without anyways freeing him aut pœna aut culpa and he hopes that primum tempus et prima persona may somewhat conduce in his excuse and altogether work his peace with the Company, who "do so generally incline to mercy." Know Andrew Ellam's worth and modesty, and should bewail the Company's want of him; will apply themselves to the conversion of the seamen, if any shall be so ill-taught as to publish such a rumour. Their frequent letters witness their readiness to correspond with the Agent on the Coromandel coast, whom they must also credit with a care to comply with them upon all occasions. Their letters, sealed by themselves, go with these; copies have been sent forward to Persia. Perceive how plentifully the Company have provided for them, "and you will see into what rivulets they have diffused the main stream." Their dejected and languishing hopes exceedingly quickened by the Jewel, are now certainties by the happy arrival of the London, Blessing, and Hopewell with letters of 12th March last. The custom of transporting goods so far by caphila, the vile condition of the people that accompany them, and the rascality of our own people that keep guard on shore, give too many opportunities in many dark nights to accomplish such sly thefts; but that which never came into the bales was undoubtedly kept out by our Indian servants or the Brokers, on whom truly the Factors depend too much; all which they stand obliged to remedy, Apprehend also the Company's directions concerning the
future packing of the goods [calicoes, in margin] but fear this order will long be void. The lack in indigo already answered; that of spices does not at all concern them. Hoare's letters witness the landing of the goods consigned to Persia; and what lead he thought fit to land out of the Blessing, with his purposes concerning the rest, which occasioned their reply by the Reformation. (In margin, 17th Dec. the Reformation went for Persia laden with tobacco; query, for whose account). Have brought ashore the best part only of the treasure consigned to this place, 20 chests of silver, 30 of ryals, all the Rix dollars, a chest of gold, and one piece of scarlet, and one of violet [cloth], with knives for presents. The ryals of 8, the best remembered to have been sent here, were sold to the sheraffs of the town at 215¼ rup. the old and 2121/8 the new the 100 Rs. Sold the silver bullion at 1 rup. per toll., which produces a better reckoning than the Ryal at 5s. to be paid daily in new rupees out of the Mint as coined; hoped to have coined some advantage by exchange with mamooths, here called buttaw, which has been some years 14 per cent., but is now nothing at all; their greatest trouble and no small loss is the slowness of the Mint, from whence they do not receive above 6,000 rup. daily; it was once 9,000, but since the Dutch became competitors they have 3,000 daily, and our number is descended to 5,000, which, when it becomes a sum, they pay it in and sink so much debt. The Governor, Mezer Mulck, when tft first they complained of their great loss from this procrastination of the Mint, lent them 75,000 rup. gratis, to receive it again out of the Mint, with which they presently paid so much debt, and still owe him the most part. The Rix dollars sold at 216 rup. per ct., and paid so much debt in mamooths; the ryders and albertynes sold together at 21½ mam. the double piece, and so cleared so much debt. The gold bullion sold at 58s. 10d., 66s. 6d., and 63s. 6d. per oz., or 22 m. 23 pice, 25 m. 20 pice, and 24 m. 16 pice per toll. There yet remain aboard 13 chests of Rs., some part whereof must accompany the Reformation to the coast of Sumatra. Lead not permitted to sell to any but the Governor, who is sufficiently provided by that sold to him last year, but have fair hopes to put it out in other places at better rates; if all fail, Persia pretends to vend it. The 12 chests of coral concealed aboard until they had sold the bad parcel of 46 chests wondrous coarse, received by the James, &c. for account of the second voyage which has been kept a long time, but now sold for 32 rup. the maen. The strong waters little desired at Surat; there are remains of former years, and all of the last. The knives so ill packed, by they know not what new invention of putting them in husks of paddy, that rust has eaten into them past any remedy by their armourers, so find some difficulty even in giving them away. One piece scarlet and some violet reserved aboard with the lead and ryals to be used elsewhere. And so an end of the goods in the London fleet. The cargazoon for Persia disposed of by directions to the Bay of Augustine, as formerly advised, but the proposed further supply to Persia in goods of this country to the value of 20,000l. is not feasible in regard of the barrenness of the times, nor convenient in regard of their debts, which cry out for discharge,
except that by continuing them four months an investment could be sent into Persia and returned with 50 per cent. profit in specie. When the times invite, will not fear to engage the Company at interest for so short a season; but for three years there hath not been profit made in Gombroon, answerable to the trouble and charge of merchants, but on the contrary in some years a certain loss; so that the Factors in Persia must wholly depend on the Company. Silk bought with ready money produces no great profit, yet the Dutch make all their great investments thus, and some of that little now aboard the Jonas was bought with ready money out of the Palsgrave's fleet. The second investment of 40,000 ryals of 8, designed for the southern factories, must be relinquished for the like reasons. Having of late, received such discouragements from Bantam that they will send no more goods until they hear of the success of the Hart, for if goods brought down to Port so long before with so much charge and difficulty shall not yield prime cost, will refrain till they receive better encouragement; meanwhile are providing for Sumatra. The rest, ordered to invest for England, was years since invested, they fear in unprofitable commodities, and have ever since paid heavy interest. Fear the knowledge of their vast debt will greatly discourage the adventurers, and wish the Jonas might speedily arrive with that which might put new life into their hopes, for the indigo, which the Company esteem the prime commodity of all others, can only say, that the little the Company will now receive, is too much, and cannot foresee when the Company may have more at such prices and proportions as they require, not having now to do with merchants who sell as they see good, but have to struggle with monopolists backed from the Treasury of one of the richest Monarchs in the world, with no other means to prevail better than abstinence, which if it had been observed punctually, as was hoped, when last year they finished their Treaty with the Dutch, it is the opinion of all that the monopoly had failed in the first year of its erection. What passed between them and the Factors at Agra concerning this business, will appear in the accompanying letters; it was a bad service, as the Factors cannot deny, but would qualify their error with orders from Surat, which they cannot believe should extend to such a price, sub judice lis est. Have had from Agra this year 543 ffs. of Byana indigo; eight of them from the last investment;. This indigo cost 61 rup. per maen first penny, which not only exhausted all the ready money sent to Agra by exchange, with the proceeds of the quicksilver and broadcloth, but they have charged 33,000 rup. in two bills of exchange at 85/8 per cent. loss; whereto when charges of caphilas and customs "shall be conjoined," the amount of a good ship's lading is contracted into a few ffs. of Byana indigo; the sort the Company forbid or at least restrain to a small proportion; will do so no more for the future. Serquez (as is said) will furnish plenty of excellent good indigo made this year, that made the year before was little and bad, yet the contractor bought the greatest part at 18½ rup. per maen, which at first he forced upon the dyers at 27 rupees, but now they may buy where they please. Mezer Mulck, Governor of Surat, was the first projector of this
business (in margin, of the monopoly of indigo) to the King, from the proposition, as he says, of Hopkinson, who made overture to him of a contract for indigo in imitation of the contracts in Persia; but foreseeing the ruin of all our trade, which in the deadness of these times depends wholly upon indigo, and that shut up from us under these hard conditions, we could not long continue at Surat, whence must ensue the ruin of his port at least. He hath since been the greatest solicitor to the King for a total enlargement, or some relaxation for them and the Dutch; whence there followed the King's firmans to them and the Dutch, that they should make an agreement with Mezer Mulck for such indigo as they would receive in Agra, beyond which they should not pay any charge to any other; a proposition most unreasonable to buy at such a distance, for every village yields different sorts, and after a small time stones or dirt coloured must pass in contract, because the King would be a party against whom they would have no redress; so that both the Dutch and themselves desired to be excused, which the Governor advised to the King who is two and a half months' journey on his progress towards Cashmere, and there is not yet any answer. The Dutch and they petitioned by letter Aseph Khan and Avezell Khan, two of the most powerful noblemen about the King, that as for almost 30 years thpy had been free merchants, they might be restored to the like freedom concerning indigo, the sole merchandise remaining which they could return for their country, or otherwise have leave to depart for some more profitable design; for they were advised that howsoever Monoardas, a Banian, bore the name of the prime monopolist Meir Jombelo, High Steward to the King, was principally engaged, having the year before sent for his own account 1,200 ffs. into Persia overland; and Aseph Khan, being of a different faction in Court, they hear he has assisted very effectually to advance their desires. Not long after another firman from the King came to the Governor, who in seeming exetacy repaired to the Shabander's house, their next neighbour, and sending for them declared with much exultation that the King had released the indigo to the accustomed liberty, which he pretended was written with the King's own hand in the margin of the firman. Shall not yet believe it, for the King is so basely covetous, that all appearances of profit hoodwink him. Their contract with the Dutch expired in Nov. last, which was punctually observed on both sides, and had not the mishap fallen out a few days before, they had undoubtedly been free of this incumbrance before this time. The Dutch General agreed it should be continued, but believed they had no power to consent to such an obligation, without their master's commands, but promised not to buy any indigo at such unreasonable prices without special directions, and they have dissolved all their factories, Surat alone excepted, where instead of a Director-General they have placed only a Chief Merchant with but seven or eight other persons, they have diverted all their money and goods into Persia, and publicly report that silk bought with ready money affords no competency of profit, yet is more profitable than anything that can be laden from Surat, which is undoubtedly a most certain position. So that in all appearance
the price of indigo must of necessity fall; Serquez yields this year by computation 9,000 maen; the occasions of this country never required less in regard of the little cloth made and dyed in these part?; and what should hinder its sudden return to a reasonable price but their want of unity. Know the Dutch would willingly lose to weary them totally out of the whole trade, witness their trouble to infest Bantam and Macassar, against which they bring great force, and any place where the English have free trade and preference it would be cause enough for the Dutch to pick a quarrel. They, on the contrary, pursue peace on all parts, and how far they have waded therein a following clause will advertise. They will buy no indigo until it be a more reasonable price or have command either overland or by way of Persia or at latest by the ships in Sept. next. The Company's directions for goods desired or forbidden have been answered; they are not here to be had at any reasonable price, and therefore in place of the addition made of 11 Factors, they wish many of themselves were at home, as they cannot be serviceable at Surat. Malachi Martin might have been very useful in fitting investments for the southwards if the times had afforded them, but as they now are, will not detain him from his designed place; the rest are more hopeful than useful. Wish some Spanish or Portugal merchant had been entertained that could write those languages, "as things now stand we should have great use of such a man, and hereafter peradventure much more;" one or two that can speak Dutch would be serviceable also, but especially the Spanish or Portuguese languages, for the language which is used here in India called Negro-Portuguese such as they attain to by conversing with their Brokers, is not proper to be written, and by a Portuguese hardly understood. Of the four Factors nominated for Persia they detained Francis Breton to undertake the accounts and be one of the Council, but have sent them Henry Chapman, and if they should want, can spare more. The physic and chirurgery required by the former President may now be spared; a chirurgeon is necessary, and so are salves, unguents, and instruments for accidental wounds; but little physic is used more than a purge or blood-letting, and in such cases the drugs of the country are most effectual. Are grieved they cannot in all points accomplish his Majesty's, pleasure; here is no want of Persian books of all sorts, most men of quality in this kingdom being Persians born or descended, or educated in that language; have sent 10 books but believe few in England will understand them, for though the character resembles the Arabic, yet for want of those pricks above and below which point out the vowels, Persian is very difficultly read. Will take care by the junks going for Mocha to be furnished against the next shipping, and will send all they can buy or beg on the Jonas. Have advised all they can concerning Sir Francis Crane's tapestry. Have dispeeded the Commission out of the High Court of Admiralty, punctually observing all directions, and Waterman's Proctors were pronounced contumacious; the Commission, sealed by Wm. Methwold and others, was overthrown with the coach in the water betwixt Surat and Swally, and somewhat
disfigured both parchment, and seal. Constituted John Bradshaw Notary, for to have had a Dutch Notary might have been troublesome, except he could have written English; hope they have done legally. Buried eight persons out of the house during the ships' absence, Thomas Chew being the leader, a man of able parts and singular good comportment, but more busy in private trade than they could have imagined from his inexperience. It is a misery for a man to come into India for his creditors' satisfaction, whilst all his salary is made over to content them, and he returns in no better predicament. Have observed what effects it has produced, and believes this only put him on this transgression, done mostly with the Company's money. Send a little book he disposed of to Thomas Smith to be concealed, which will show not only what he did himself and how far he assisted others, but also clear an aspersion imposed on Wm. Methwold in Persia. In this little book the Company will find 31 ffs. belonging to Nathaniel Wyche were shipped for Gombroon upon the Jonas, where Capt. Weddell desired Mr. Gibson to let them pass because they belonged to the President and his company; which Gibson advised to Surat, and the President calling a consultation was by Capt. Weddell cleared of the imputation; Nathaniel Wyche was much suspected, Chew would seem to know nothing of the business, whilst a Banian undertook to father them and pay freight; whereas this book shows them to belong to Wyche, with as many more as made up 40 ffs. for his visible share of private v trade. This was not known when he departed in the Hart, or he had not gone; will communicate with the President at Bantam and implore assistance for payment of his debts at Ahmedabad, which may otherwise fall on the Company. For what concerns Chew, they have demanded an account of his adventure; would have seized Wyche's part for the Company's use, but are forced to pay it to Cullian Parrack, Shereef of Ahmedabad, but all will come short of satisfaction. Giffard was the next, whom they will free from the imputation of private trade, so that sometimes the Company's credulity may be abused when an insinuating parasite shall be over countenanced; he died, however, somewhat indebted to the Company for his own maintenance and that of his brother Bell Potter, which his necessity occasioned at his first arrival. Pass over the rest of the dead till they come to John Banggam, who is also departed in the Company's debt, besides the large sums improvidently spent in his negligent employment to Brampore; he left his employment of Factor at the Marine, where he received freight money and dead men's estates to the sum of 10,000 md., and either leaves it behind him lost at play or otherwise misspent, or else carries it to Brampore whence he never returned it; have bound up his papers for perusal, but there is no account of anything wherein he was ever interested. Of those who depart homeward in the Jonas, Nathaniel Mountney will have served 10 years and borne the brunt of these late miserable times, who can give a better account of all their affairs than any man else surviving; and Richard Cooper brings from Persia ample testimony of his abilities and good conversation, which they have found verified whilst he had resided
amongst, them as one of the Council. Thomas Turner since the Charles's disaster has officiated as Purser-General, void by Joyce, with his other employment with good reputation. John Robinson, entertained in times of necessity at 20l. per annum has outlived his covenants, gained the repute of an honest and able man, and now desires further employment. Edward Vickars, landed to draw up holes in the broadcloth, wherein it is said he did very good service, was afterwards made Steward's Mate and Steward when Richard Belfield departed, and is for ought they have heard an honest man. Ambrose Taylor now nominated Steward and Vickars gone home. Bell Potter having lost his brother Giffard; who was both his protector and director desires to return home. Philip Wyld, nephew of Rastell, deceased, has been employed at Ahmedabad and Sumatra, and having but 10s. wages per mensem, has had it all allowed him in the country. Amongst the delinquents "in respect of our better opinion we are told first to rank Edward Knipe, who being fallen under your censure will not rescue but return him according to your command." Are totally ignorant of his abuse of private trade, he protests it was only a small parcel of sugar sent to Persia, otherwise he is an active, able, sprightly young man, tractable and disposed to employment; recommend him to mercy, and to a second employment. Nathaniel Kingsland, employed a Factor in the Reformation to Sumatra, having acknowledged that there was some store of pepper in particular men's hands, which it was resolved should be all taken to the Company's account at a reasonable price, went aboard and landed some cwts. out of the gunroom port; but the accusation of Thomas Ashwell, his assistant at Priaman first brought him in question, for being taxed for mis-government, he recriminated Kingsland with insufficiency, infidelity, and plenty of private trade, all which appeared so plainly that they resolved Kingsland's dismission; found a contract of private trade betwixt Thomas Smith and him for no great sum. Thos. Ashwell goes home to accuse him, a youth of person anrl ability that promised fair hopes, but since the death of Rastell, his guardian, so exceedingly debauched that they have not permitted him to come up to Surat, lest he should mislead the young men now come; besides he is so much indebted that they fear seizure of his person; yet this youth was made Steward, and has given an account, how honest may be imagined, that had no other means to supply his riot. Have also given leave to return to Sigr. Violett, and one Montaigne, a Frenchman, sometime joiner to the Queen of England, who came overland, but cannot live by his trade. Of those remaining in charge, Thomas Thimelby is the most ancient, and has been two years in India in charge of the warehouse and one of the Council, an able man they dare say in the linen drapers' trade, but little experienced in other affairs of this kingdom. Francis Breton is Accountant, a hopeful man but newly come amongst them. Benjamin Robinson succeeds Turner as General Purser; he has for two years so ably discharged his business that by the Mary they advised that his merit exceeded his means, and have now augmented his salary to 60l. for three years, if the Company approve thereof.
Have also given 20l. per annum to John Bradshaw, who succeeds as Register, a good and ready writer. Borneford might fill up the number of four, but unprofitably being wholly inexperienced; and therefore resolving to have some able man in language and experience to be second to the President, have prevailed on Wm. Fremlen for one year's longer stay, a man almost unknown to the Company but in this last business of indigo "which must needs much disgust you" except in this may clear him from all aspersion; he has served nine years and attained to very good perfection in the Hindostan language. All other factories dissolved and Surat stuffed with a number of persons which they know not well how to lessen; if Ahmedabad be resettled know not who would be fitting to undertake it but Fremlen. Cannot conceive how Agra should now support a chargeable factory, probably as much indigo may be bought in Surat as the Company have desired; if not, have an able Broker there, one Dangee, to whose care their house and outstanding debts in Agra are recommended. Baroach and Brodera have been discontinued, but Thos. Thimelby and Joseph Keeling sent to the first to invest for Sumatra, who miserably complain of the barrenness of baftaes, as not being to be had more than 20 corge in a week, and those at very dear rates. Brodera may afford the like, but neither can contribute to the necessary charge, yet are forced to prepare for the west coast of Sumatra, for without pepper cannot dream of lading for the many ships in India. Persia has lately failed so exceedingly that they desist from placing any more affiance thereon. The accounts of 1632 make the Company's estate there no less than 150,000l. and since then have been landed the Charles, Palsgrave, and London's cargazoon's, and no more silk received than is ready to depart in the Jonas; so that if the Company reckon of any capital abroad, it must be there or nowhere. (In margin, "So that the greatest part of the Company's estate is in Persia. An error.") All sorts of expenses there are proportioned to the stock and not to the trade. Admire the excess of presents and charges, and can easily computate what encouragement can arise from such a trade continued with such a vast expense. What the new Agent will effect time will demonstrate, but do not find a new contract either feasible or convenient, for whence can one-third ready money come to comply with such an abundance of tin and cloth as remains on hand, or when will the King in proportion to the last contract satisfy this, whilst in attendance thereon little less than 10,000l. a year is exhausted from the principal. Grieve beyond their powers to express to see the Company's whole affairs declining in all places. Proposed in their last letters such remedies as might conduce to the qualification of their infinite expense. Here are now six ships and a pinnace attending no other business than each other's security and an unprofitable freight for Persia; the Jonas must depart with much dead freight however assisted with the Reformation's lading; can only attend remedy with patience, but conceive they are now in the fairest way to lessen the great charge. That the Dutch intend nothing less than any union which may advance their affairs, appears plainly from their hostility against
those places where the English are received, and their refusal to continue in opposing the monopoly of indigo. It is as perspicuous as the sun, that they little value the tradeless misery of these times, in proportion to their hopes that it will weary the English to dereliction. So that from them can be no expectation of any good, unless their bad affection puts them on some better way that may weaken them also. Have advised how far they had treated with the Portugals, and how the Viceroy and Council agreed to a truce in India upon the same articles accorded between their sovereign princes, till confirmation come out of Europe, or if otherwise six months time given for each nation to clear their engagements in each others possessions, which appears to be most sincere from the Viceroy's directions to all his armadoes, with letters intercepted by the Dutch to Malacca and Macao. It was required they should do the like, and their Commissions bear witness they have defended the surprizal of any Portugals except they first provoke by any act of hostility; but to accomplish the full treaty the Viceroy demanded the sight of their Commission to command their own people in India and granted his safe conduct Royal for 10 persons to be sent in this behalf. Seeing then the millions of conveniences which will arise thereout, President Methwold, with Nath. Mountney, Malachi Martin, Thos. Turner, Rich. Cooper, and Benj. Robinson, intends within few days to dispeed for Goa, with the Jonas bound for England and the Palsgrave for Bantam, which departing within few days after, will carry assurances of the good issue of this negotiation. The Hopewell will remain to return Methwold and Robinson for Surat; whilst the London and Blessing attend the transportation of Persians goods to Gombroon. The Articles of Peace agreed on by their princes are to be the only rules of the truce. Their success shall be advised from Goa. The Dutch, who would engross the whole world's commerce, provide for it in one of the most important furtherances, having shipping in India above 100 sail, with which they infest all places, and trade as it were in triumph; witness their late Governor of Amboyna, Peter Vlack, Commander of a fleet of 10 sail who arrived at Swally; what they landed would require no such tonnage, viz., quicksilver, vermilion, Japan copper, rohannas, cloves, nuts, China camphor, Japan wood, cloth, and dates, amounting to 12,337 maen, and 65,000 Rs. of 8; and what they gave might have become a better trade, which they mention in the margin to excuse themselves that must continue the bad custom. And here Methwold presents to the Company a diamond ring 8½ carats given him by Mezer Mulck, the Governor, who, to honour their nation, invited himself to their house, and received their best entertainment and a present according to the custom of the country. Not long after he retributed an Arabian and Persian horse to the President and Mr. Mountney, which are brought to account, and the worst sold for 900 mam., besides the ring, and a coat and pamorine, estimated to amount to 5,625 mam., whereof the diamond was bought for 1,300 rup., and has been delivered sealed to Mountney. The warehouse is empty of all valuable commodities, and nothing remains that they can hope to sell but amber beads, and some
of the cloths landed out of the Palsgrave; 16 remaining of former years are much worm eaten. Sold their quicksilver at 49 rup. to be delivered at Ahmedabad, and considering how the Dutch have sold their last it proves a good service; the Dutch have now sold both quicksilver and vermilion at 42 rup. per maen, a price whereto it never yet descended, and to such a quantity that there is no probability to advance the price in haste. Have in conference agreed with Virgee Vorah the greatest and richest general merchant in this vast Kingdom, that the glut of commodity is the only cause of its disesteem, and that the country would yearly vend a competency without any spoil of price. But as this also concerns the Dutch, only advise for 55 chests of coral of several sorts, which was never yet brought by the Dutch. 70 or 80 maen of amber in pieces will sell at 4½ to 9 rup. per maen; beads of amber are already abundant and not worth 6 rup, per maen; quicksilver and vermilion are worth 42 rup., copper 11, rohannas 14, cloves 55, nuts 26, nuts 19, camphor 18, Japan wood 4. Retained the Ryalls abroad in hope to fill the Jonas' vacancy with Malabar pepper bought by consent or stealth of the Portugals or Malabars. Have put the Jonas' lead aboard the Hopewell, and are confident they shall sell it to the Portugals for 8 mam. at least, and may also contract for that remaining aboard the London and Blessing. Two bales of 84 pieces of Masulipatam long cloth shipped in the Jonas, probably belonging to some deceased Englishman, but to whom cannot guess; they were left with a Broker at Raneale, who being dead, his brother acquainted the President who sent for them, whilst the Governor sent him to prison for not making him first and only acquainted that he might have swallowed and concealed them; there were 97 pieces but the outermost all eaten with worms. The drugs invoiced are for the hospital at Blackwall, the proceeds of 1,000 mam., given at men's arrival and departure, at the communion, and penalties for breach of order. Fremlen returning from Agra passed through Mirta, the, only place where woollen cloth is stained into several colours, as his Majesty desired to be practiced on an English white cloth sent out to that purpose; intreated Fremlen to inform himself whether it might not be done upon coloured cloth, but he replies on white only, and in pieces of not above 4 or 5 yards, which are stained like the fine paintings of Masulipatam, and put into as many dye fatts as there are colours, the part that must not take the dye being covered with a kind of earth. After much trouble Giffard's books are made up and the balance delivered to Benjamin Robinson, who promises to perfect them to the fleet's arrival; whatever seems obscure Mountney must make plain or no man; their loss by the mortality of their servants in this consideration alone, is not easily computated, for such a confusion in accounts never appeared. Debts long standing out without demand are now denied, the most remarkable being the Governor, Mezer Mulck, who stands indebted 21,000 mam. for cloth and lead sold him in 1630, besides 10,000 for the second Joint Stock, which he says he has long since paid, but has no account extant. Most of all your debtors are either unable or obstinately dishonest. There is a tradition amongst
some of our Brokers servants that survived those wretched times, that Mezer Mulck stopped that 10,000 mam. for a penalty upon Mr. Heynes for custom of quicksilver endeavoured to have been stolen. There are more than a few bad debtors also amongst the Company's servants, some for great sums as well in Persia as India, and the Company have too great cause to proclaim that they have been infinitely abused by their servants. The accounts show their debts in Nor. 1633, since which time have daily discharged them as they could, but yet remain indebted about 360,000 mam., towards which they have the Rs. aboard, and their expectations from Persia by the Discovery's adventure from Masulipatam; so hope to be out of debt before the next fleet's arrival. Formerly expressed how Nathaniel Kingsland transgressed concerning the private pepper in the Reformation, but the rest of the Company brought in theirs, and were paid 12 mam. per maen (33 lbs.), whilst it was worth in Surat, 17. To have confiscated the goods of a whole ship's company whilst yet in India, and referred them for payment to the Company, might have incensed them to some desperate resolution, wherein peradventure we ourselves had not been safe, "a loose rope going down the ladder will serve the turn, where such a tide runs away with a man's life swiftly enough to be suddenly seen no more" and the condition of some of that generation bad enough to practice it. Will know how to deal with particular persons, but punished this generality of abuse with a defalcation of 25 per cent., and wish they had as much more at that price as the Jonas wants lading. To seize private trade in England, when the voyage is ended and the offending parties dismissed, is feasible enough; but cannot discover it themselves in Surat, and Captains and officers are as silent as if they were dumb because they are blind. Hold correspondence with an officer in the Custom House, but can discover nothing; in times of former liberty, private traders owned their own goods in the Custom House, and so Gosnell was caught with his quicksilver, but since not a man appears in his own right but are assisted by a swarm of Brokers, who can furnish one to every sailor, and not the youngest Factor but would familiarly manage his business by his particular Broker, which caused such a resort to their House, as made all their actions as public as the bazaar. Have therefore expulsed the house all Brokers except Chout, brother to Gourdas deceased, their linguist, Somgee, who is very able about baftaes, and a youth Mannaby, son to Kissoo deceased, formerly their servant, who dispatches trivial errands, so that if the English shall now as long follow their Brokers, their absence must be accounted for. Only eight broadcloths and 45 maen of quicksilver have been landed this year for private trade in the Custom House according to their intelligence. Considering what opportunity was offered in translating the Reformation's pepper into the Jonas to embezzle small parcels, wrote to the Commanders to publish that if any man had any pepper he should bring it to be sold to the Company, and the Purser should register it, and that any found not registered should be accounted stolen; which brought in some more pepper: if any be landed from the Jonas the Company may improve on this
order; if we understand of any in the Reformation, we will proceed rigorously against the delinquent. John Drake has paid in mam. 2993 13 pice for Boothby's account, which with 1,654½ mam. Capt. Slade paid, clears that account. Mountney has also paid in 4,563½ mam. for the account of Gregory Clement. Endorsed, "R. by the Jonas the 3d Aug. 1635" 36 pp. [O. C., Vol. XV., No. 1543 A.] |
1633.
Dec. 14 to 1634 Nov. 14. |
635. "Copies of several letters [referred to in the previous letter of President Methwold and Council to the East India Company] to the Viceroy and Principals of the Portugal nation in Goa, with their several answers, treating of a peace or truce to be observed between the English and them in the parts of East India." These letters are from William Methwold, President at Surat, to the Rev. Alvaro Tavares, Provincial of the Company of Jesus, in Goa, to the three [Portuguese] Councillors of State in India, with answers, the Viceroy's letter of safe conduct, President Methwold to Don Miguel de Noronha, Conde de Linhares, Viceroy of India, with answer, and letters from Padre Paulo Reymao, enclosing letters from the Viceroy, from the Padre Provincial. |
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President Methwold begins this correspondence by asking Padre Alvaro Tavares whether he understands the clause in the second Article of the Treaty published in Europe to extend to these parts, and if so, that the English will lay aside their unwilling arms, taken up in defence of their free trade, and will send one or two qualified persons to treat more particularly, first receiving a safe conduct; but if the Viceroy understands our nation to be excluded from India, Methwold desires his Fatherhood's desistance from any further treaty; a work notwithstanding well worthy of every good Christian's pursuit. |
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The Viceroy's safe conduct for one, two, or more Englishmen to Goa to treat for peace is enclosed in a letter from the Padre Provincial, and the three Councillors write to President Methwold that they find the Viceroy well affected to a peace, which the Portugals love not less than other nations of Europe, and that he understands the peace already made between their Kings in Europe to include Asia and Africa, so has sent a free pass to anyone Methwold might send to conclude this business. To this letter President Methwold replies that he will be ready to dispeed a ship or ships with qualified persons if his Excellency will "vouchsafe, first, to agree in the substance of such an equal peace as may indifferently condace to the good of both nations," to which purpose, if the Viceroy will declare his willingness to observe the Articles of Peace concluded by their Kings, sincerely and inviolably, "in the parts of East India," President Methwold and all under his government will declare their readiness to observe every syllable in the same. In the meantime, whilst this principal part remains undetermined,; "we desire to be excused in our repair to Goa or any other place of your Excellency's government, lest the effects, not answering the bruit of such a negotiation, some dishonour might befall us and our nation in having sought and failed in the pursuit of such a peace as
we only desire so far as that it may be equally beneficial and advantageous to both nations." President Methwold writes to the same effect both to the three Councillors and to the Padre Provincial, and dwells upon the prejudice to both nations that for more than 20 years have maintained their commerce by the sword. Nay, what certain benefit will not mutually ensue when "that scandal shall be removed which, in the effusion of so much Christian blood, hath cast aspersions upon both nations, when from the slanderous mouths of the Moors all means hath been sought to cherish differences" to further their perfidious designs. The Viceroy's answer to this letter was received by Methwold with so much exultation that nothing more perplexed him than that he could not the same hour present himself to kiss his Excellency's hands and accomplish his part, but he explains that winter is approaching and he cannot now repair to his Excellency's court, and in a letter to the Padre Provincial, Methwold writes, "that which most gladdeth me" is the Viceroy's constant inclination to the desired peace, which gives Methwold a particular hope to see it fully effected as soon as the season will permit. In the last letter, dated from Surat, 14th Nov. 1634, from President Methwold to the Viceroy, he says he is instantly ready to present himself "in your city of Goa" to "accomplish the desired suspension of arms" already so far treated of, but he is "impedited" by a necessary stay in Surat until the lading bought this year in Guzerat and Indolston may be embarked and his absence less wanted by his Principals and less suspected by the Moors, and that he shall be most unwillingly deterred until the middle of next month. 22½ pp. [East Indies, Vol. IV., No. 116. |
| Dec. 30. |
636. Kenrick Edisbury, Officers of the Trinity House, and Master Shipwrights to Sec. Coke. According to his warrant yesterday, have surveyed all the ships presented by the city of London for his Majesty's service, and report: The Mary, belonging to the East India Company, lately returned from four years' voyage in the Indies, must be docked, and cannot be well fitted for service in less than three months, and indeed she is rather with the biggest for narrow sea service; do not conceive her fit for this employment. [Extract, Dom., Chas. I., Vol. CCLXXVIII., No. 90.] |
| Dec. 31. |
637. Court Minutes, E. I. Co. Relation of Mr. Governor that having attended my Lord Treasurer about the supply of powder, received answer they should be supplied out of the King's stores at 12d. per lb. They then desired liberty to transport their saltpetre or dispose of it within the land, but his Lordship promised to buy it all for the King, desiring a note of the quantities and prices, and he would in a few days give answer if he would accept it, or give them leave to transport. Note read of the New Year's gifts presented last year to divers of the Lords and others of the Council; ordered to gratify them in the same proportion this year, Mr. Treasurer making choice of such as were to be given in plate, and
delivering them to the Secretary to be presented from the Company. Ordered that Dr. Duck be presented with 20l., and Mr. Skinner with 20 marks, as an acknowledgment for their pains in the treaty with Mr. Carpentier and other the Dutch Commissioners, howbeit that business had not taken the wished effect. Letter read from Giles Waterman desiring commiseration of his sickness, and in consideration of his information of the King of Spain's design against the English and Hollanders next year at the Cape, that they would order payment of his wages or something for his relief; as he pretended to have something more to discover, the Secretary was ordered to learn from him what it is. The Auditors required to set all other business apart until they have first perfected the drawing up a balance of the Company's estate, which they promised to effect within 14 days, but desired the Court to nominate three or four Committees, that any error be amended before it be presented to the General Quarter Court. Gratuity of 40s. to Haggatt, Secretary for the Farmers, who had written divers letters for the Company's occasions. Half freight of 850 lbs. of borax remitted to John Head. Report of Alderman Fenn that being in commission with the Bishop of London, Sir Henry Spiller, and Sir Tho. Cannon about the repair of St. Paul's Church, Smethwyke presented himself and complained much of innovations lately made in the E. I. Co. desiring, them to write to the Company, that as the money he had given to the repairing of Paul's is to come out of the benefit of his adventure [see ante, No. 632], he may have recourse to the Company's accounts and letters, and have the managing of his particular stock, otherwise his adventure will grow every day worse and worse, and so disable him in the performance of his good intentions by the ill government of the Company. Whereupon Mr. Alderman acquainted the Bishop and the rest that this proposition had been formerly presented by Smethwyke to the Lords of the Council, and utterly rejected as impossible; and further acquainted them with the condition and factious disposition of Smethwyke, and with the proceedings of the Committees, whereby all men, except some few of his faction, are well satisfied; whereby Mr. Alderman was verily persuaded he hath so vindicated the Court and deciphered Smethwyke as his scandalous accusations shall leave no impression. 3½ pp. [Ct. Min. Bk., XV., 134–137.] |
|
638. Two papers touching moneys for the East India. Company and the transportation of gold and silver by the East India Company. Supposing they carry out of the kingdom yearly 60,000l. in silver for bullion taken to the Mint to be coined for them, the King must receive for coinage about 1,935l. There was coined in the Mint in nine years 482,732l., which is less than 60,000l. for one year by 6,363l. Touching those who desire to sell and buy bullion without respect to the price in the Mint. Reasons why the East India Company should be enjoined to transport no bullion, but coin only "made into several pieces of weight and fashion for that purpose." 1½ pp. [East Indies, Vol. IV., Nos. 117–118.] |
|
Addenda.—Persia. |
| 1622? |
639. Abbas Mirza, Shah of Persia, to King James I. There being a constant unity of love and friendship twixt his Majesty and himself, he gave order that the English should have free recourse in his dominions. Last year the Portugals of Ormuz possessed the entrance to his ports, made war on the English and having slain their Captain, he gave express command to the Emaum Kullee Ckaun, Beglerbeg of Fares Cooh, Gelooyeh, and Laure to forbid the Portugals these proceedings, which they regarding not this year, practised another assault on the English, wherefore to punish these wrong doings, he gave command to the said Emaum with the assistance of the English to conquer the Castle of Ormuz and the rest under that jurisdiction; who overcame the Castle of Kishme, where was a fresh supply of soldiers, and also won the Castle of Ormuz [in 1622]. Desires his Majesty for the increase of amity to persist in frequent correspondence and freely to write concerning any affairs in these parts. Note.—That in the beginning of the original letter were sundry titles given to the King in the Arabian language, not easily to be translated, but the rest is in Persian. Endorsed, "Translation of Shah Abass his Letter to his Matie of England. Done into English and subscribed by John Banggam." 1 p. [Turkey Corresp., Ancient Royal Letters, 1st Series, p. 186.] |
|
640. King James I. to the Shah of Persia. Has been very glad both to receive his Highness's kind letter and to see his Agent and Commissioner, whom his Majesty has not only admitted several times into his presence, but has also taken care of his person and followers, and now taken order with his merchants to receive and transport him with his Highness's goods, using him with such respect as is fit for a Minister of so great and esteemed a Prince. Hopes for the like love on his part, and that their mutual amity and intercourse may continue and increase, by his Highness's favourable usage of his Majesty's merchants according to such stipulations as he has been pleased to make with them. Draft with corrections. 1 p. [Turkey Corresp., Ancient Royal Letters, 1st Series, p. 191.] |
|
641. Abbas Mirza, Shah of Persia, to King James I. Has digested the contents of his Majesty's welcome letter by William the Consul, in behalf of the Consul and English merchants. No person in his dominions shall dare do the least injury to the nation and the merchants' affairs, and for his Majesty's advice concerning the sick he gave express commands that it should be negotiated even as the English themselves should think convenient. Hopes his Highness will continue his former correspondency with intelligence of his Royal welfare, giving notice of any business he shall have in these parts without doubt or jealousy, for it shall be truly accomplished. Note.—That in the beginning of the original there were sundry titles and attributes given to the King in the Arabian language, not easily to be translated. Endorsed, "Translation of Shah Abbas
his letter to His Maj. of England" by John Banggam. 1 p. [Turkey Corresp., Ancient Royal Letters, 1st Series, p. 182.] |
1624.
Dec. 7.
Newmarket. |
642. King James I. to Sir Thos. Smythe. The experience that we have always had of your care and diligence in such businesses as we have referred unto you maketh us now recommend unto you the business of Persia, which you shall understand by the relation of the King of Persia, his Ambassador more at large. And forasmuch as it seemeth a matter of great advantage to the trade of this Kingdom, wherein no man is better practised than yourself, our pleasure is that you take into your serious consideration and care both the furtherance and manner of settling of it as may be best for the weal of our Kingdom, whereof we doubt not but you will give us so good an account as we shall have cause to approve of your diligence herein. 1 p. [Turkey Corresp., Ancient Royal Letters, 1st Series, p. 174.] |
| (1628, Oct.) |
643. Abbas Mirza, Shah of Persia, to King Charles I. Compares his Majesty to Jemshead, Cawoes, Ruston the religious, and Alexander the Great. Has received his princely letter and heartily embraces his affection, and desires the continuance thereof. The King's Agent and Factors are so well esteemed of the Emperor and his subjects that they cannot want anything to their own contents, either in trade or otherwise, whom he desires so to esteem as he would have them account of his country not as strangers but as their own, that trade may continue, and his friendship with his Majesty never be forgotten; and what he shall desire in their behalfs that the country may afford shall be freely granted. Endorsed, "1628, October. Copie of the K. of Persia's letter to His Maj." ½ p. [Turkey Corresp., Ancient Royal Letters, 1st Series, p. 187.] |
|
Petitions to the East India Company of Persons who solicit Employment, Increase of Wages, or Payment of Wages due to their Relatives, &c. in the Company's Service. |
|
Date. |
Name of Petitioner. |
Subject of Petition. |
Reference. |
|
1634. |
|
Court Min. Bk. |
|
Jan. 8 |
Jane, wife of Henry Cuffe |
Part of her husband's wages |
XIV. 236 |
|
" 10 |
Thomazin, wife of George Jacob |
Same |
" 240 |
|
" 15 |
Lettice, wife of Michael Younge |
Same |
" 247 |
|
" " |
Charles Clarke |
Goods of his brother George, deceased. |
" 248 |
|
" 17 |
Christopher Farewell |
Employment, and a loan of 25l.
|
" 251 |
|
" 22 |
John Turner |
Re-entertainment |
" 259 |
|
" 24 |
Austis, wife of [Fras.] Preston |
Part of her husband's wages |
" 261 |
|
" 29 |
Humphrey Silver, carpenter |
Wages of his servant John Silverthorne, deceased. |
" 264 |
|
" 31 |
Anne, wife of James Baxter |
Part of her husband's wages |
" 268 |
|
" " |
Rebecca, wife of Simon Branton |
Same |
" 270 |
|
Feb. 7 |
Margaret, wife of John Shorting |
Same |
" 274 |
|
" " |
Thomazine, wife of Wm. Needs |
Same |
" " |
|
1634. |
|
|
Court Min. Bk. |
|
Feb. 12 |
John Philpott |
Part of his wages to his aged mother. |
XIV. 282 |
|
" 19 |
John Sailcocke, and Rachel, his wife. |
70l. left her by her father, John Hodges, deceased. |
" 287 |
|
" 28 |
Wm. Saunders, Quarter Master's Mate. |
Remission of imprest money received last year, and two months' imprest. |
" 299 |
|
" " |
John Abbott, Steward's Mate of the Blessing. |
Part of his wages yearly to his wife |
" 303 |
|
" " |
Elizabeth, wife of Richard Wilson |
One mouth's pay, due in July |
" " |
|
Mar. 5 |
Ambrose Taylor, Factor |
Part of his wages to be paid to his wife. |
" 306 |
|
" " |
Elizabeth, wife of James White |
Part of her husband's wages |
" " |
|
" " |
Dionis, wife of Robt. Hill |
Same |
" " |
|
" 12 |
John Hayes, Chirurgeon's Mate |
Part of his wages to his brother Eusebius. |
" 312 |
|
" " |
Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Browne |
Part of her husband's wages |
" " |
|
Apr. 23 |
Jane, wife of William Cotterell |
Same |
" 327 |
|
" " |
Jane, wife of Thomas Beckensale |
Same |
" 329 |
|
" 30 |
Elizabeth, mother of Thos. Fawkenor. |
Delivery of pepper brought home by her son. |
" 330 |
|
May 7 |
John Elsmore, Master of the Blessing. |
Return of 24l. for freight |
" 337 |
|
" " |
Elizabeth, wife of Humphry Penvowes, late Chirurgeon of the Expedition, taken by the Portugals in the Little James. |
Part of her husband's wages |
" " |
|
" " |
The mother of Thos. Fawkenor, Boatswain. |
Pepper belonging to her son |
" " |
|
" 21 |
Anne, wife of William Cleaver |
Part of her husband's wages |
" 345 |
|
June 11 |
Alice, wife of Thomas Winter |
Same |
" 349 |
|
" 18 |
Elizabeth, wife of [Wm.] Ellis |
Same |
" 351 |
|
" " |
Elizabeth, wife of James Bemple |
Same |
" " |
|
" " |
Helen, wife of Thos. Murch |
Same |
" " |
|
" " |
Elizabeth, wife of Thos. Browne |
Same |
" " |
|
" " |
The wife of Thos. Reynolds, Purser |
10l. on account of her husband's wages. |
" " |
|
" 20 |
Elizabeth, wife of Wm. Burrowes |
Part of her husband's wages |
" 353 |
|
July 2 |
Anne, wife or Richard Scottsbury |
Same |
" 359 |
|
" 9 |
Mr. Potter, father-in-law to [Roger] Giffard |
Part of Giffard's wages |
XV. 4 |
|
" 11 |
Wife of Robert Hall |
Part of her husband's wages |
" 9 |
|
" 16 |
Mary, wife of Samuel Richardson |
Same |
" 10 |
|
" 30 |
Elizabeth, wife of James White |
Same |
" 21 |
|
Aug. 15 |
Jane, wife of Thomas Beckensole |
Same |
" 28 |
|
" " |
Elizabeth, wife of John Johnson |
Same |
" " |
|
" 27 |
Margaret, wife of Wm. Bruton |
Same |
" 35 |
|
" " |
Katherine, wife of Gilbert Gardiner |
Same |
" " |
|
Sept. 3 |
Thomazine, wife of Wm. Needs |
Same |
" 36 |
|
" " |
Eliz., wife of James White |
Same |
" 37 |
|
" " |
Rebecca, wife of Jeremy Huddle |
Same |
" " |
|
" 19 |
Anne, wife of David Thomas |
Same |
" 48 |
|
" 26 |
Elizabeth, wife of Robert Wilkins |
Same |
" 52 |
|
" " |
Johan, wife of Robert Wilson |
Same |
" " |
|
" " |
Katherine Wainflete, mother of Roger Rosemary. |
Same |
" 53 |
|
Oct. 1 |
Elizabeth, wife of John Portus |
Same |
" 54 |
|
" 3 |
Mary, wife of Robert Arrowe |
Part of her son's wwges |
" 55 |
|
" " |
Rebecca, wife of Simon Braughton |
Part of her husband's wages |
" 57 |
|
" " |
Anne, wife of James Starling |
Same |
" " |
|
" " |
Katherine, wife of Edward Hall |
Same |
" " |
|
" 8 |
Elizabeth, wife of James White |
Same |
" 61 |
|
" " |
Anne, wife of Michael James |
Same |
" 64 |
|
" " |
Elizabeth, wife of Joseph Taylor |
Same |
" " |
|
" 10 |
Elizabeth, wife of Jonathan Bird |
Same |
" 66 |
|
Date. |
Name of Petitioner. |
Subject of Petition. |
Reference. |
|
1634. |
|
|
Court Min. Bk. |
|
Oct. 10 |
Alice, wife of Thomas Winter |
Part of her husband's wages |
XV. 66 |
|
" " |
Elizabeth, wife of Richard Trippett |
Same |
" " |
|
" " |
Jane, wife of Thomas Beckensale |
Same |
" " |
|
" 22 |
Jaccamy, wife of George Ashen |
Her husband's wages |
" 74 |
|
Nov. 7 |
Elizabeth, wife of William Marsh |
Part of her husband's wages |
" 84 |
|
" 12 |
Joane, wife of Wm. Cotterell |
Same |
" 85 |
|
Dec. 3 |
The wife of Francis Day, Factor |
Same |
" 112 |
|
" " |
Winifred, wife of George Clarke |
Same |
" 113 |
|
" " |
Elizabeth, wife of Andrew Gainy |
Same |
" 114 |
|
" " |
Elizabeth, wife of James Pemble |
Same |
" " |
|
" 5 |
Patience, wife of Isaac Hutton |
Same |
" 115 |
|
" " |
John Webb |
Re-employment |
" 116 |
|
" 10 |
Anne, wife of Vrian Peters |
Part of her husband's wages |
" 118 |
|
" 17 |
Sara, wife of Robert Errington |
Same |
" 130 |
|
" " |
Mary, wife of Wm. Whary |
Same |
" " |
|
" 24 |
Judith, wife of Andrew Dawson |
Same |
" " |
|
" " |
Boatswain Ingram |
His servant's wages detained for money paid to his wife, widow of Robert May. |
" 133 |
|
" 31 |
Joane, wife of Robert Thomas |
Part of her husband's wages |
" 136 |
|
" " |
Wife of Robert Garnish |
Same |
" " |
|
Names of Persons admitted and sworn Free Brethren of the East India Company. |
|
Date. |
Free Brethren. |
To whom Bound. |
By fine or otherwise. |
Reference. |
|
1634. |
|
Court Min. Bk. XIV. |
|
Jan. 3 |
John Hammersley |
Sir Hugh Hammersley |
Servic and 10s. to poor box. |
231 |
|
Feb. 14 |
Wm. Hopton |
Sir Robert Napper |
Same |
283 |
|
" 19 |
Bennett Mayne |
Richad Middleton |
Same |
287 |
|
May 21 |
Robert Sainthill |
Thomas Jennings |
Same |
344 |
|
June 18 |
Robert, son of Bartholomew Holland. |
|
Patrimony and 10s. to poor box. |
351 |
|
July 2 |
Charles, son of Charles Bostock |
|
Same |
358 XV. |
|
Aug. 20 |
Stephen Mount |
East India Company |
|
29 |
|
Transfers of Adventures in the East India Company. |
|
Date. |
From |
To |
Amount. |
Name of Stock. |
Reference. |
|
1634. |
|
£ |
|
Court Min. Bk. XIV. |
|
Jan. 17 |
Francis Sadler, deceased |
Thomas Jesson, Grocer. |
600 |
Second joint stock |
250 |
|
" 20 |
John Offley, Merchant |
John Hawley, Merchant. |
625 |
Third joint stock |
253 |
|
" " |
Wm. Middleton |
Thomas Keightley, Merchant. |
200 |
First Persia voyage. |
254 |
|
Feb. 14 |
Richard Hale |
Richard Bishop |
100 |
Third joint stock |
284 |
|
Second joint stock |
|
" 19 |
John Croft, executor to his brother Robert Croft. |
Ralph Goare |
95 |
Same |
285 |
|
" 21 |
John Burges, D.D. |
Abraham Reynardson. |
£62 10s.
|
Same |
291 |
|
" " |
William Robinson, junr. |
Derick Host |
125 |
Same |
292 |
|
" " |
Robert Robinson |
Same |
150 |
Same |
" |
|
Mar. 5 |
Elizabeth, Viscountess Campden. |
John Massingberd |
750 |
Same |
306 |
|
May 13 |
Lady Walter, executrix of Sir John Walter, late Chief Baron of the Exchequer. |
John Trott |
125 |
Same |
339 |
|
June 6 |
Thomas Ferrer |
John Cooke |
100 |
First Persia voyage. |
348 |
|
" " |
Humfry Oneby |
Thomas Briggs |
50 |
Same |
" |
|
" " |
Thomas Briggs |
John Cooke |
500 |
Same |
" |
|
" " |
John Cooke |
Wm. Cooper |
600 |
Same |
" |
|
" " |
William Lord Paget, and Wm. King, executors to late Lord Paget. |
Capt. John Milward |
£260 8s. 4d.
|
Third joint stock |
" |
|
" " |
Same |
John Trott |
£520 16s. 8d.
|
Same |
" |
|
" " |
Same |
Thomas Chomberford |
£156 5s.
|
Same |
" |
|
" " |
Robert Gardner |
William Cooper |
450 |
First voyage |
" |
|
" " |
Same |
Same |
450 |
Second voyage |
" |
|
" " |
Same |
Same |
300 |
Third voyage |
" XV. |
|
July 9 |
Edward Carr |
Nathaniel Hawes |
100 |
Third joint stock |
6 |
|
" " |
Same |
Same |
150 |
Same |
" |
|
" " |
Theophilus Cope, Thomas Dreaton, D.D., Ferdinando Cope, and Erasmus Cope. |
John Massingberd |
£356 5s.
|
Same |
" |
|
Aug. 6 |
Wm. Geere |
Samuel Armitage |
1,200 |
First Persia voyage. |
25 |
|
" " |
Same |
Same |
£1,437 10s.
|
Third joint stock |
" |
|
Sept. 12 |
John Brooke |
Charles Phettiplace |
Profits of £400. |
Same |
44 |
|
" " |
Joas Godscall |
Derrick Host |
£162 10s.
|
First voyage |
45 |
|
" " |
Same |
Same |
300 |
Second voyage |
" |
|
" " |
Same |
Same |
300 |
Third voyage |
" |
|
" " |
Same |
Same |
£62 10s.
|
Third joint stock |
" |
|
Oct. 8 |
Same |
Same |
£62 10s.
|
Same |
64 |
|
" " |
William Robinson |
Wm. Spurstow |
£474 10s.
|
Same |
" |
|
Dec. 24 |
John Holloway |
Derrick Host |
2,000 |
Same |
132 |
|
" " |
Dr. Winston, by order of Frances Countess of Portland. |
John Massingberd |
100 |
Same |
" |
