Cecil Papers: October 1595, 16-31 | British History Online

Calendar of the Cecil Papers in Hatfield House: Volume 5, 1594-1595. Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1894.

Citation:

'Cecil Papers: October 1595, 16-31', in Calendar of the Cecil Papers in Hatfield House: Volume 5, 1594-1595, ed. R A Roberts( London, 1894), British History Online https://prod.british-history.ac.uk/cal-cecil-papers/vol5/pp417-437 [accessed 17 November 2024].

October 1595, 16–31



	Sir Robert Sydney to the Earl of Essex.
1595, Oct. 16.	This is only to accompany Captain Savage. There passed here yesterday, towards Holland, La Tulerie, but I had no time in the world of discourse with him, he made such haste away. Only he told me that when he came from the King, which was at Pontoise, the news were not yet come of the loss of the Castle of Cambrai, so as his commission must be of some ancienter matter. There is expectation in Holland of the coming out of certain princes to treat of a peace. It can bring us no good because I see not how we can have a good peace, and I make no question but the most of them will speak nothing but very good Spanish. I beseech you to make much of Captain Savage.—Flushing, 16 October, '95.
	Holograph. Seal. 1 p. (20. 56.)
	Lord North to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 16.	If you have not the credit of that place, good Sir Robert, which may receive and despatch the Council causes, I am right sorry, seeing her Majesty by the continual use of your service approveth your sufficiency; your patience with diligence will work you a due reward notwithstanding the impediment aforesaid. I still resort to you with my letters to the lords of the Council, and send herewith my certificate, as also some other matters which when you have perused you will adjudge them worthy of answer : for so much as I know you repair to the spring with all your intelligences, I forbear to write to that revered and renowned councillor, your good and grave father, from whom I was wont to receive full resolution of all things; to whom I heartily pray you, good knight, present my dutiful commendations and prayers to God for his health. Forget me not to your honourable lady and excellent good wife.—Kirtling, 16 October, 1595.
	Holograph. ½ p. (35. 68.)
	William Stallenge to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 17.	Writes these few lines by his commandment. Touching her Majesty's Fleet can certify no more than by his last of 23 September. There hath been here, and may be at Court, many reports, but no certainty.
	Sir Henry Palmer with her Majesty's ships, having taken in one month's victuals, departed hence last Sunday morning.
	Sir Ferdinando Gorge departed this last day towards the Court, unto whom he has delivered an account concerning the Fort at present on building. It is supposed Sir Ferdinando shall have the government of the fort, which the people of this town do very much grieve at. If it would please her Majesty to leave the same unto them, with such allowance as she hath already given towards the maintenance thereof, supposes they would be contented of themselves to maintain a sufficient strength therein. Which no doubt they shall be able to do with less charge than any other, considering they are willing thereunto. Whereas in the harbour there were divers ships which pretended to have taken in Newland fish, many of them depart without any lading by reason of the general stay made thereof by Cecil's letters. There may be in the town of that commodity at least twenty hundred thousand fishes. If some quantity were appointed to be stayed sufficient for her Majesty's service, and the merchants and mariners at liberty to sell the rest while the time serveth, it would be very beneficial to them. Whereas, if the stay continue, it will be to their great hindrance, and to some their utter undoing.—Plymouth, the 17th of October, anno 1595.
	Noted on the cover :—“From the maior of Plymouth the 17 day of October 1595 at 12 of the clock at nowne.
	At Aishberton a quarter of an hour after iii of the clock in the afternoon.
	At Exeter half an hour after 6 in the night.
	At Honiton at 9 o'clock at night.
	At Crockeran at xij of the clock in the night.
	At Sherborn half an hour after 2 of the clock in the morning.
	Rec. from Shasbury the 18th day of October at Eight of the clock in the morning.
	Rec. at Andever the 18th of October at q^r hower after 12 (?) in the morning.
	R at Basingstoke q^r of a nower after one of cloke afternoone the 18th of October.
	At Harford Bridges (?) half an hour after 3 o'clock in afternoon.”
	Holograph. Seal. 1 p. (35. 71.)
	[Sir Richard Fynes] to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 18.	Forsomuch as it pleased your honour the last year to enquire of me touching the state of corn, whether the want thereof were as great then as the poorer sort pretended they found it, I have thought it my duty most humbly to advertise you, that if forthwith there be not immediate care that the letters and imprinted book, the which my Lords most honourably sent among us, be now put in present execution, whereby rich farmers and corn maltsters in the country, as also the great maltsters and men of trades in cities and market towns, may be by some order from my lords compelled to leave of buying, and withal enforced to bring proportion ably as their store is daily to the markets, truly, Sir, although there be corn reasonably plenty and that it yield well, yet such is the engrossing, converting into malt and private selling upon day given (to make their greater gain) as the markets for the poor are very scantily served; insomuch as the poorer sort do already begin unseasonably in this time of so great expectation of danger to murmur, both at the want which they find in the markets and the great prices which they find thereby. All which, I hope, if there might be but new warrant to put the contents of the book and letter in execution, would forthwith be redressed, and this untimely discontentment beginning to grow amongst the poorer sort at the first avoided.—Broughton, this 18 of October.
	P.S.—Muster Master Captain Chatterton hath been lately with us, and no doubt the knowledge of his coming and presence amongst the captains will, with his diligence and such assistance as I hope amongst us he shall find, speedily bring our companies to much better perfection and readiness. For myself and my house, whilst he is in this side of the shire, he knoweth that he is and shall be to the uttermost assured of my best help every way. And if in some few words your honour will recommend him (although it were but with your own private letter) it might be his allowance (the which as yet is not agreed upon) would be much the greater; the which he seemeth worthy of.
	Endorsed :—“Sir Richard Fynes to my master.”
	Holograph. Unsigned. Seal. 1p. (35. 72.)
	Justices of the Peace for the county of Cornwall to Sir Walter Ralegh.
1595, Oct. 18.	Captain Payton having come to Bodmin sessions with letters from Ralegh and the Council to admit him to have the training of the appointed bands of this county, they, knowing by former experience how much the country would be grieved to be rated with his pension, and that his service could little profit the multitude now sorted to more than fifty companies, which he cannot train well above twice in a year, requested him, for Ralegh's sake, to have accepted some piece of money to ease their country, which he would not hearken unto. They further requested him to forbear trainings this unseasonable time of winter until the beginning of March, by which time the country expecteth to be furnished of much furniture lately increased upon them, but he returned answer of his dislike, and that he would forthwith advertise the Council and also Ralegh what he had done herein. For this reason, they also have written to the Council, and send a copy of their letter, assuring themselves that Ralegh will help and advise them as shall be best for the country's defence and good contentment; whereunto they offer assenting help and service, yielding God thanks for Ralegh's good return.—The 18th of October, 1595.
	Signed :—Fra. Godolphin. Hy. Bevyll. R. Carew of Antony. B. Edgecumb.
	Endorsed by Cecil's Secretary :—“Justices of Peace of Devon (sic) to Sir Wa. Ralegh.”
	Seal. ½ p. (35. 73.)
	A[nthony] Ashley to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 18.	Understands by Mr. Henry White that he is to draw a letter to certain Commissioners to Ireland about the cause in controversy betwixt White and one Itchingham, but does not well conceive the instructions delivered to him. Begs Cecil to signify his mind herein.—London, the 18th of October, 1595.
	Signed. ¼ p. (35. 74.)
	George Gilpin to the Earl of Essex.
1595, Oct. 18.	In answer to letter of 24 September. We have used all endeavours, and seeing they here persevered in pleading and protesting the impossibility to pay any debts and the apparent dangers and many inconveniences to ensue if the matter were opened to the Provinces when they hoped of some resolution to send over to the Queen, so to come by degrees to that reasonable contentment might be desired, the commandment received by Mr. Bodley to tell them that none needed to be sent, made them all in a dumpe and uncertain of what course to take best to please her Majesty and work their own good. It is like enough they will now stay a while until they shall have answer from Monsr. Caron unto those letters they are writing to her Highness. A large discourse might be made hereupon, but I will leave that unto Mr. Bodley, and crave pardon in that I break off (as it were) abruptly.
	His Excellency hath broken up the camp and sent the men into garrisons, Sir Fra. Vere's regiment being placed in the Zutphen quarter, and he to command over all the martial men in those places, a step to more charge and preferment if he may continue in these countries, such is his worth and carriage in all he goeth about. Part of the States' horse, whereof his Excellency himself was the leader, followed four cornets of the enemy's so hard that to avoid their danger they hastened all they could and got into Enschede, but lost all their baggage and divers taken prisoner. They purposed in their departure out of the field to give an attempt upon a strong house held by the enemy, standing on the passage between Sheerenbergh and Grol, of strength and good importance; their hope was to get it as part of amends for the loss of the counts Philip of Nassau and Solmes, who are to be buried on Tuesday next in Arnham with solemnity, and then shall we have his Excellency here presently to prevent any attempt Fuentes might make upon those places held in Brabant or Flanders. All the same are thoroughly provided with necessaries and store of men : amongst the rest Ostend shall be cared for, which, as the governor writeth, is intended to be besieged, whereof the likelihood is not great, considering the season of the year and that at all times it can be succoured by sea. The alarms from thence have been sundry and so often that some within it are thought of small judgment or not so valiant as they would seem, which hath been excused here and advertised thither, but not interpreted as it was friendly meant and can be avouched.
	The States' men that last were sent into France lie in St. Valery, Monstruel and Calais. Foucquerolles was sent for them to come and join with the King his camp, but they answered that Cambray being lost their charge ceased, having been sent to the rescuing of it, and so wrote hither. Whereunto I cannot hear that as yet is anything answered. Harroguieres had of late surprised Lyre and possessed it certain hours, but his soldiers fell to the spoil and would not obey him, so as a few of the enemy that were retired to one of the gates and kept it wrote for aid, and letting in the same took ours at that vantage and in disorder that they did drive them out, took divers prisoners, slew many and recovered the town again. Others we have not.—From the Haege this 18th October, 1595.
	Signed. Seal. 2 pp. (35. 75.)
	R. Percyvall to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. [19].	Since Cecil's departure, there hath been with him an uncle of his fellow Granmer's, of the same name, who is deputy for Mr. Anton in Wiltshire, where he hath been much vexed by one Pope, a lewd fellow, who very openly hath resisted the patent and derided the cause, as the party will declare. Is told Pope has procured a letter to be written to Cecil to discredit Mr. Cranmer, but his writing proceedeth rather from an old private quarrel with Cranmer than from any good ground of exception. Pope's offence (being very publick) will be drawn into example to the great disturbance of the business if (upon proof of his fault) he receive not some punishment.—From your honour's house this present Saturday the — of October 1595.
	Endorsed :—“19 Oct. 1595. Your honour's servant Mr. Percivall.”
	Seal. ½ p. (35. 76.)
	Thomas Bodley to Lord Burghley.
1595, Oct. 19.	By your letter of 24 September I find her Majesty discontented, as if I had not been so careful as importeth her service to call for an answer from the States. But my trust is in your lordship for informing her what kind of instance I have used, as all my letters will declare it. And yet I never thought meet to trouble your lordship with report of all my travails and endeavours at every time in particular that I went about my business. I hope her Highness will be pleased to give me credit in this case that I may reap some other fruits than pensiveness and grief for my painful solicitation. And where again I am enjoined to proceed without admitting any dilatory answer, I protest I know not in the world how to do it more effectually than I have put in trial, having done in that behalf, both in public and in private, as much as is possible—and more by much than is expressed in any point of my instructions—as well by special persuasions as by other insinuations of danger to the country, insomuch as I have doubted in mine own private judgement whether I kept in that decorum in regard of the dignity and state of her Majesty, to insist so earnestly, so often, so many sundry ways with a people of this condition and so much bounden unto her Highness. And therefore, not prevailing with so great importunity, I could wade no further with them, but certify by letters how I found their dispositions. But since the receipt of your letter, the Council of Estate being come home to the Hage upon the writing of the States, I laboured what I could to procure their advice to be presently given; but getting notice underhand that their drift was altogether to send unto her Majesty (as I have always thought they would) to cut off all occasions of further delays, I let them flatly understand, and withal I made it known to the College of the States, that if so be they had no meaning to satisfy her Highness, but would haply determine to send some deputies unto her to deliver their excuses, they should alter that intent and keep their deputies at home, for so I had been willed to signify unto them. This was taken much to heart that her Majesty would refuse in a cause of that moment to give them the hearing, and both the States and the Council have consulted very often, for divers days together, what course to take upon it. For to forbear to send at all they thought it might be taken for a weak resolution, sith they could not by their letters make so clear a demonstration of their want of ready means to give her Majesty contentment, and to prevent therewith all the effects of her displeasure as by the verbals of those that might be purposely sent about it, whom they hoped that her Highness, upon their suit in that behalf, would be willing to admit. And yet to send upon presumption when they had been by me forwarned to refrain, and so perhaps when they came to be rejected of her Majesty, they thought it would be carried over all parts of Christendom, and move the multitudes here, who might think they were forsaken, to accept of such conditions as the peacemakes offer. Much ado there hath been, as I am told by some among them, and yet I see it is uncertain when or how they will conclude; albeit by all conjecture I think within these three days they will make somewhat of it. But because it is in doubt, and the time may seem long since I writ unto your Lordship, having been for these ten days put in hope from day to day of some final resolution, I thought it needful the while to inform you what hath passed. Wherein I see no disposition (howsoever they may happen to be secretly minded) to condescend to any portion of present remboursement, but only to make known that this payment is demanded before the day and out of season, for that the wars are not ended and the country hath no means, which will also be the tenour, by that which I can yet guess, of their letters and message, for that I think they will agree upon the one or the other. It should seem by a clause in your letter that you understood certain words which I had used in my letters of 21 August and 11 September, of a new and another kind of treaty, as if the States had a purpose to renew the treaty with her Majesty, whereas I understood it of a new agreement altogether, with other new conditions, as to signify you, whereupon I writ it I had put the question in communication to some two or three here why they made it now so hard to find money for her Majesty if they meant to make payment of these annual remboursements, with entertaining so many English as my overture delivered at my last coming home. To this the parties made answer, with whom I dealt in that matter, that it was not possible to cause the provinces to acknowledge that the term of the contract is expired, when the words and the text are so plain against it, and that they would not be induced to make any restitution as for debt already due; but by proposing unto them some other form of treaty they might have been intreated, by good handling of their humours, to cancel the old, and to [be] persuaded indirectly to have included in a new certain yearly payments for her Highness' contestation, in regard of her former charges. Hereupon it was that I did insinuate that, as far as I could learn, if anything were obtained, it must come by the means of a new accord; but of any resolution taken or intended to be taken about it I am utterly ignorant. For as occasions may be given, if they chance to send their deputies, they are like enough in secret to conclude other matters, as their usual manner is, and also afterwards, in England, to authorise them to deal as any motion to their liking shall happen to proceed from her Majesty to themselves. When I press them somewhat near in private conversation to tell me how they can prevent the subversion of their State, if her Majesty should protest and withdraw her assistance, their answer savoureth altogether of a desperate mood :—loth, they say, they would be to contest with her Highness, and will shun it as they may in all dutiful sort, that the enemy may not triumph and turn it to his benefit; but if she force them unto it by her public protestations, they have but too much to allege both to justify themselves in the sight of the world and to notify to all men with what patience they have borne the breaches of the contract, exceeding greatly to their prejudice; and if withal she will proceed to deprive them of her aid, they must and will provide to trust unto themselves and to such helps as God shall send, it having ever been their destiny to defend their liberty and right with adversity and troubles. But if otherwise than well should befal their estate, it would be seen but over soon that England's staff is next the door.
	I call to mind many times that her Majesty in her speeches of the affairs of these countries hath seemed often so to build upon the affections of this people as if the generality were more addicted to content her than this assembly of their deputies, and that the inhabitants of the towns might be drawn by remonstrance to reform and disavow the dealings of their delegates. This was so out of question at the making of the contract, and so continued somewhat after, until they grew out of liking with some courses that were held by some ministers of her Majesty, and reduced their estate to some better form of government. But for these six or seven years I have found the people very willing to be guided by their deputies, who are also very wary to know how far they may presume. For though somewhat sometimes be done by their deputies against their humours and opinions, yet it is but very seldom in matters of moment, and I could never yet observe that there was anything controlled or countermanded by the people that they had once ordained, which is the patience they will use for preservation of their union. Whereof I thought it not amiss to touch a word unto your lordship, if haply some course of proposing matters to the Commons should seem expedient for her Majesty. The loss of the town of Cambray doth minister much matter of new discourses in this country, very many men disliking that careless dealing of the King, and misdoubting lest their succours will prove but ill bestowed. Insomuch that I perceive, unless that somewhat with speed be achieved by the King for the advancement of their cause, he shall find them for hereafter a great deal straiter laced in assisting him with money. But yet this last absolution doth keep their heads busied above all other matters, as that which they account will entice him ere be long to some attonement with the Spaniard, and draw this country shortly after into notable inconvenience. What opinion the enemy conceiveth of a peace you may conjecture by the letter herewith of the Marquis of Haure to the Count of Berghe, which was lately intercepted and sent us from the camp. I have also seen another to the selfsame effect from a chief man of Brussels to a private person here.
	It is given out by the Marquis, and is confirmed by our common occurrences, that commissioners appointed by the Chamber of Spyres to come hither to mediate an accord with the Spaniard are now in consultation at Frankfort or Cologne. Many men here suspect that for the furtherance of this peace the release of the goods and ships is artificially dallied of till the coming of the Cardinal of Austriche and the P. of Orange (who are expected very shortly), that they may be the offerers of that special grace and favour, and persuade both the owners and others by their means to listen so much the sooner to their desired pacification.
	I have enquired very hard to know the author of that French discourse I sent to my lord of Essex, but nobody here can tell it for certain, albeit it is fathered by the most upon Lipsius who hath handled by report that subject in a letter, and that doth savour altogether his style and form of writing.
	There is intelligence come from Antwerp that the Indian fleet arrived at San Lucar in Spain the 7 of September with 10 millions. I think your lordship hath heard that Harauguieres, the Governor of Breda, by whom Huy was surprised in February last, hath attempted the like upon the town of Lier—a very strong place in the dukedom of Brabant about two leagues from Antwerp, where he and his troop of seven or eight hundred, of which many were disguised in boors' apparel and came in early in a morning on an oxe market day, seizing on a gate, possessed presently the town, the munition house, the market-place and every gate saving one which they kept without impreachment from five in the morning until three in the afternoon, and then for want of good order the soldiers falling to the spoil, the burghers took arms, and other soldiers to the number of 2,000 came from Antwerp, Malines and Herentals, which slew, as we think, 500 of ours and put the rest to flight. And thus our hap is all this year to come home by weeping cross in all the attempts we take in hand. In effect, what with that and the plots that are casting to effect a pacification, and the courses held in France, with those other considerations which I enlarged to you the 17 August, together with the matter of my message unto them, they are so much amazed and so fearful lest the people should begin to take a head and revolt in some quarter, which they doubt may draw after the body of their confederacy, as I never saw them for anything, albeit I have been here in divers great astonishments, so abjectly minded as they are at this present. And yet, in my opinion, there doth nothing prognosticate so great a danger towards as the grudges and discords between province and province in contributing their portions, and the envies and dislikes that are secretly kindled but smothered for the time among the chiefest of the country, which may occasion the sudden disunion of the states when so many other causes concur to help it forward. Now they see and complain of the want of a P. of Orange, or of some such able person, to compose these covert quarrels, to hold the provinces together in good correspondence, to animate the people in these cases of disaster, and to propose in other accidents the meetest means to be embraced for the benefit of the country. Count Maurice is young and void of experience, [not] delighting to meddle with affairs of the State, and, in a manner, among the rest there is equality altogether, so as none will undertake to be the author of a project in business of importance lest it should not speed aright, unless it may be someone who by reason of his place as Advocate of Holland hath great opportunities to effect his designs, and is by nature very pregnant to plot and devise, so as having been fortunate in the issue of some counsels beyond all expectation, he hath carried away the credit in contriving and managing most matters of the State. Howbeit his coequals mutter at it much, and his betters so disdain it as, if his fortune chance to fail him, it will quickly go amiss with his credit and countenance. And thus the weight of this cause is the occasion of my length and of many points inserted, of which I thought it not impertinent to make some little mention, beseeching you most humbly to make relation to her Majesty of what you think behoofull, and to afford my service that report as in your honourable judgment it doth deserve.—From the Hague, 19 Oct. '95.
	Endorsed :—“Copy of my letter to my lord Treasurer, 19 Oct. 1595.”
	7½ pp. (35. 77.)
	Information against Francis Pope.
[1595, Oct. 19.]	He gave counsel to Toby Hall to put lime in a bag, with certain money therein, and to send it to an inn, and word to be sent to me that it was starch, to the intent that I should seize upon it, and then they would charge me with felony; which was accomplished.
	He giveth counsel to many that they may keep their starch to give away, but they may sell an ounce of pepper for 8d. and give with it a pound of starch.
	He hath and hath had lately great quantities of starch which he covertly passeth away into the country.
	He useth informant with very opprobious and vile speech for executing his deputation concerning starch.
	Mr. Fawkenor and Mr. Reynolds having the deputation, and having taken from him 27lb. of starch and satisfied him for it, the next day he set to sale a pan full of starch upon the stall of one Mr. Pittman, servant to Sir Thomas Gorge, causing it to be affirmed to be Sir Thomas George's starch—which Pitman is no shop keeper.
	Most of the grocers in that county depend upon the event of this Francis Pope, for he is the most perverse fellow in outward show of them all.
	Headed :—“Richard Cranmer against Francis Pope of Salisbury in Wilts.”
	Endorsed :—“19th Oct. 1595.”
	1 p. (35. 81.)
	Lord Hunsdon to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 19.	Has received his letter and will willingly perform the contents thereof if Mr. Vice-Chamberlain do not recover. Yesterday there was great hope, but now as great despair, for his looks are again very ghastly and his speech fails. If he do depart, nobody shall prevent you.—Somerset House, 19 Oct. 1595.
	Endorsed :—“L. Chamberlain.”
	Signed. ½ p. (172. 78.)
	Sir Thomas Cecil to his brother, Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 19.	“My good brother, I thank you for the kind care you have of me, though I do look but for an unkind end; for mine enemies have put such principles and grounds in her head that I find it true that I have read, princes have no feeling but of themselves; and so my reward shall be my passport, which if I had, and half seas over, I should be more contented for that time than to stand in hope of the best office that Mr. Vice-Chamberlain had.”—This 19th.
	Endorsed :—“19 Oct. 1595.”
	Holograph. ½ p. (172. 79.)
	Sir Thomas Cecil to his brother, Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, about Oct. 19.	Thanks him for good offices. “I do like well that in your discretion you will not impart the scornful words Her Majesty used of him : for it might make him faint in the latter end, which would mar all. And so I pray you, when you shall either write or speak to my lord, entreat him in my behalf, that now it is brought to this strait it may be brought to some good end.”—Monday.
	Endorsed :—“Sir Tho. Cecill to my master.”
	Holograph. Not addressed. ½ p. (172. 80.)
	The archdeaconry of the Isle of Man.
1595, Oct. 20.	Letter enclosing judgement delivered by the Captain, Bishop, Officers, Deemsters, Vicars-general and the twenty-four Keys of the Isle of Man, upon letters from William Earl of Derby, and Alice, countess dowager, his sister-in-law, of 26 and 29 July, in a cause between John Phillips and Henry Curwen concerning the incumbency of the Archdeaconry of the Isle of Man, whereby it is pronounced that no ecclesiastical person lawfully presented and inducted can be displaced without ordinary course of law, and that John Phillips, being heretofore displaced without course of law, is restored to his living and place.
	From the Castle Rushen within the Isle of Man, the 20th day of October, 1595.
	Endorsed :—“Sir Thomas Gerrard to the Earl of Derby.” 1 p. (35. 83.)
	Enclosure :—Copy of the judgement. 1 p. (35. 82.)
	Signatures to the foregoing :—Thomas Gerrard, Jo. Meryck, Soderens', William Norris, Vicar-General, William Crowe, official.
	Henry Radcliffe.	Thomas Crosse.
	John Stevenson.	Thos. Clarke.	Humfrey Scarisbreck.
	John Standish.	Raynold Lucas.	William Lucas.
	William Harrison.	Robert Mare.	William Radcliffe.
	Thomas Quate.	John Clarke.	John Quale.
	Nicholas More.	William Qualtrough.	Edward Ellis.
	Philip More.	William Hutchens.	John Lucas.
	Gilbert Caloe.	William Cayne.	Thomas Sansbury.
	Philip Crosse.	Robert Christen.	Henry Halsall.
	Dollin Gawen.
	Evan Carret.
	Thomas Crane.
	John Quale.
	Wm. Kissaige.
	Donald Christen.
	The Earl of Oxford to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 20.	Has especial opportunity to try his friends in a cause which he doubts not is just. Whereas a few years since he was a suitor to Her Majesty that his right of keeping the forest of Waltham and park of Havering might have trial at law, and under pretence to do him favour Her Majesty then was pleased that the matter should be referred to arbitrament, which was so done as she, taking exception to his arbitrator, had her own Sir Christopher Hatton, then Lord Chancellor, appointed as indifferent for them both. The latter having heard the matter was resolved and wished him to urge the Queen to call for his report, which he did in the Chancellor's presence. She refused to hear him flatly, saying whether it were the Earl's or hers she would bestow it at pleasure, and under pretence of keeping it from spoil until the matter were decided, she put it into the hands of Sir Thomas Heneage, which is all he has gained after a year's travail.
	Has written to Lord Burghley, who was present when the matter was committed, and to the Queen. Desires that his friends will speak their minds to Her Majesty, and will be means that either she will let him enjoy his right or will protect him with her law as her subject, and, if it be none of his, will rather take it away by order than oppression.—This 20 October, 1595. (Signed.) Edward Oxenford.
	P.S.—As he was folding this, has received a very honourable answer from the Lord Treasurer. His whole trust in this cause is in Burghley as privy to the whole, and in Cecil who will not abandon him in so just a matter. Burghley seemeth to doubt yet of his death, and wishes him to make means to the Earl of Essex to forbear to deal for it. This he cannot do in honour, having already received divers injuries and wrongs from him. “If Her Majesty's affections be forfeits of men's estates we must endure it.”
	Holograph. Seal. 1 p. (35. 84.)
	Pe. Probyn to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 21.	Has both yesternight and this day sought John Arden and found his lodging in Southwark, near to the place where hawks are sold there, but he has gone into the country for a few days (as the host says). On his return he is to be sent to Heneage House, when due notice shall be sent to Cecil.
	The cabinet wherein is the written description of Ireland, with the map which was Mr. Secretary's, and written by Mr. Davizon when he was in the Tower, is come to Heneage House, and my lady saith only Cecil shall have it, or anything else that there is to pleasure him. In the same cabinet are other books which will also be kept for him. His lady sent by Mr. Heneage this forenoon to Cecil, or he had waited on him before, but in seeking for Arden and compounding with Powles for burying the corpse this night and by other occasions found no time to come, being in hope to have brought him with him that it pleased Cecil to command. On Friday will wait on him at Court with good testimony of sundry employments of importance, largely promised in her Majesty's name, which he has not yet received; has done good services without making it known to any but such as employed him, so they had the credit and commodity, but he, poor man, is left to be holpen by her Highness, whose service it was, and by true report of Cecil, unto whom as yet he has not done any service at all.—Heneage House, 21 8^bre, 1595, late.
	Endorsed by Cecil's Secretary :—“Mr. Vice-Chamberlain to my Master,” and by Cecil :—“Readde.”
	Holograph. Seal. 1 p. (35. 85.)
	Edward, Earl of Oxford to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 21.	Considering the “danger of life” wherein Mr. Vice-chamberlain lay, and the probability of many things falling to the Queen's hands thereby, and also that he has a certain right to the keeping of the forest of Waltham and park of Havering, he has written to her Majesty that after so often bestowing it on others she will “deign it to the rightful keeper.” Begs Cecil to favour this suit.—21 Oct. 1595.
	Holograph. 1 p. (172. 81.)
	M. de la Fontaine to the Earl of Essex.
1595, Oct. 21/31.	The resolutions recently taken bind him to do his best for the service of these two crowns, in whose unity lies the safety and freedom of all who shun the yoke of Spain. Has heard that the King is coming to this coast and is even expected at Calais, and, personally, having long wished that their Majesties had an opportunity to meet and confer together (thinking that this would be the means of getting rid of misunderstanding, clearing away all difficulties, and tying the knot of an indissoluble friendship) he addresses himself to Essex as the person most fit to weigh and promote this project.—“Mais souvenez vous, s'il vous plaise, qu'attendu ce qui s'est passé ici, es demandes et poursuites du Roy, part tant de lettres et messages, veu l'estat que vous remarquez es affaires de la France et les occurrences tres pressantes qui pressent le Roy de resolution, il fauldroit fortifier ceste deliberation d'esperances et effects convenables a un tel dessein.”—London, last of October, 1595.
	French. Holograph. 1 p. (172. 83.)
	M. de Lomenie to the Earl of Essex.
1595, Oct. 21/31.	Delivered your letter to the mayor of Dover and was in treaty for a ship to cross in, when the captain of one of the Queen's pinnaces, recognising me as having crossed with Mr. Williams, offered to take me, and on Friday night we embarked. But the wind changing in the night we had to return to this port. Passengers report some tumults at Paris; but of the mean people, five of whom are already executed. The King is expected at Rouen and Gaillon. Jehan Symon, despatched to Mons. Edmonde, has been taken, and Mons. Edmonde is still at Paris. If that is so, I will forward him your letters when I reach the King, and send you his reply.—Rye, Monday last of October 1595, French style.
	French. Holograph. 1 p. (172. 85.)
	Thomas Bodley to Lord Burghley.
1595, Oct. 22.	After so much deliberation as in my last of 19 of this month I reported at length, the States deputed Mr. Barnevelt and Mr. Vanderverke, with the greffier of their College, to acquaint me with the tenour of two letters which they have written to Her Majesty and the Council, tending only to excuse the protracting of their answer to her demands, to shew their curiousness always in observing the contract, to foresignify the dangers if the people should be told that her Majesty would dissolve it, and to entreat her to have patience till their state will permit that they may use a shorter course and give her better contentation. They required me withal with a vehement kind of speech that, as I tendered the advancement of her service and the good correspondence between the two countries, and as I knew their allegations to be true and unfeigned and found in conversation a hard conceit the people had of this demand, I should second their letters with others of mine own, and deal in that behalf with all sincerity and roundness, whereby her Highness might forbear from taking an extreme or rigorous course against them. Whereunto, for an answer, I signified again that, in all that they desired, I had done my duty thoroughly by my former advertisements, and had faithfully delivered all their reasons to her Majesty in every such material point as their letters made remonstrance : all which notwithstanding her Highness could not find but if so be they would endeavour to persuade the generality, and therein use their opportunities with that dexterity and wisdom as they are wont in weighty causes, they might draw them to the payment of some convenient portion, whereby perhaps she might be moved not to press them for a while to any further remboursement; but when nothing at all is presented unto her, considering her long and chargeable succours, and considering her present domestical necessities with other manifold occasions, of which they had been by me informed at full and they of themselves could make the reckoning well enough, it could not but engender some notable alienation. Moreover, for myself, I had been charged expressly not to yield or hearken to any dilatory answer, for which they were not to attend my conveyance of their letters, nor any other office that might any way seem to favour their present resolution. Of that which passed to and fro to this effect and the like they made relation to their College, who, for ought I can perceive, go onwards with their purpose to send away those letters, which I think they will consign to their agent, Mr. Caron. The Council of Estate was very earnestly bent to have sent unto her Majesty some men of good account, and the States, I am persuaded, had followed that counsel but that they stayed their proceeding upon my prohibition. And thus remaining uncertain what course of further dealing will be pleasing to her Majesty I will attend in that behalf your lordship's good direction.—From the Hage, 22 Oct., '95.
	Endorsed :—“Copy of my letter to my Lord Treasurer.”
	2 pp. (35. 87.)
	Dr. Roger Goade to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 22.	Has brought Mr. George's suit to good effect to his own satisfaction and good liking.—22 Oct., 1595, King's College, Cambridge.
	Signed. ½ p. (136. 34.)
	Ottwell Smyth to the Earl of Essex.
1595, Oct. 22.	As commanded, furnished Mr. Edmondes with what money he wanted for the voyage of Lyons, 330l. since the month of May and 600 crs. more since his return, which is 180l. more than the Queen's allowance. The charges be great in following the King. But for Essex's letter, would not have allowed him so much. Begs to know his pleasure in this by bearer, Humphrey Basse, as he cannot lie long out of so great a sum. Mons. de Incarvyll writes him from Amiens, 18 Oct., of the death of the Duke Denvars at Nealle eight days ago; how the King has blocked Lefferre; how the Cardinal of Austria is arrived at Geannes with great riches, and brings the Count of Bure with him into Flanders, and the King prepares all the forces he can against them and will winter in Picardy; how the Duke de Bowlyon is gone to Sedan for some business there, and how Arelles in Provence has surrendered to the King.
	The Duke Monpansyer is at Rouen and the governor of Dieppe here, going to the King. Fears the King will make him quit Rouen to give it to Mons. le Grande, “the which will be ill for all English merchants and for them of the Religion, them of the tierce party; some of them be hanged in Paris and some hanged in effigy. They be all Leaguers which would have them of the Religion driven out of the country if they could.” Corn and victuals are very dear in Picardy, so that, their pay being so small, the Flemings and Scottish men fall sick and diminish. If forces come from England they must bring their own victual. Asks him to move the Queen to write to the King, or desire Monsieur Lomenye to speak to the King, to let the Governor of Dieppe be Governor of Rouen under Monpansyer. The Governor says the King will make two lieutenants of Normandy, Mons. Le Grande and Mons. de Varvakes, and give them the lieutenantship now held by the governors of Dieppe and Caen. He adds that he would sooner lose his life, and that he is sure that Dieppe, Newhaven and other places, named, will revolt. “All this comes by the persuasion of Madame de Mowsseawhes, the King's mistress, that loveth Monsieur Le Grande so much. The Duke de Monpansyr altogether is against it, declaring to the King that in doing so he would much discontent his good servants the Governor of Dieppe and Caen, which had done him such good service and preserved these two towns from the League. The King told him that he was led by the persuasion of the premier president of Rouen and Monsieur de Incarvylle; so that no man can persuade the King from the giving of the government of Rouen, and to be one of the lieutenants of Normandy to Mons. Le Grand by the persuasion of his mistress.” Urges Essex strongly to urge the Queen to use her influence to prevent this, for Le Grand and Varvakes are tyrants and raisers of imposts, and it is of great importance to her Majesty to have good neighbours. A letter from Essex to the Governor telling him that the Queen will stand his friend would comfort him much.—Dieppe, 22 Oct., 1595.
	Holograph. 1½ pp. (172. 82.)
	Friar Jacobus Carolus to the Earl of Essex.
1595, Oct. 22./Nov. 1.	Protests, at length, his admiration for Essex and his desire to serve him. An occasion to write is now presented by the death of their king, to him indeed a happy release from misfortunes, but to them a bitter loss. That in his lifetime he offered to God the sacrifice of a contrite heart, is shown by the psalms he composed, which the writer has determined to send to Essex. It was unjust that he should die rich who up to his very last breath had lived poor; yet he left “thesaurus iste spiritalis, cujus etiam volui serenissimam Reginam participem facere, etsi enim haec scripta longe distent a priscorum ac piorum doctorum maxima laude, quae saepe in manibus habere solet Regia Majestas, attamen post adipem, etiam blandissima oluscula appettibilia sunt, praesertim cum intellexerit a rege sibi amicissimo, ac foelicitatis suae cupidissimo, condita fuisse, et ab homine oblata, quem etsi vili ac Franciscano habitu indutum, majori tamen affectu illum diligere, quam Philippum Regem gemmis fulgentem ac mollibus vestitum, ore et corde fateri debet.”—Paris, 1 Nov. 1595.
	Latin. Holograph. 2 pp. (172. 87.)
	Sir John Forster to the Earl of Huntingdon.
1595, Oct. 23.	I have received your letters in behalf of Lord Ewry, who cannot presently come to his charge by want of his provision, and that in the mean time of his absence I would have an extraordinary care, as I have done. His Lordship hath the whole charge laid upon him already for the entering to the same, for that I have her Majesty's letters for my discharge therein, which I would very gladly that his Lordship should make haste to disburthen me of the same; for since the report given forth that his Lordship was warden (and especially by Arthur Gray), which is five or six weeks since, hath been an occasion to encourage the evil people of both the realms to commit attempts upon the Borders by the report thereof, which hath caused some spoils in the meantime to be committed and attempted more than hath been before. Notwithstanding, at your Lordship's request, I will have a care and earnest diligence to keep the same in good order so far as I am able in the mean time. For since his Lordship was admitted to the wardenry and I daily expected to have been released of the same, I have kept two days of “trews,” where, according to the laws of the Borders and the stroke of justice, every man that had any bill of complaint to follow had sufficient warning by proclamation to proceed themselves to follow the same, and proclamation besides made at the days of trews, that whoso had any cause of complaint, that they should come and follow them without making further clamour for justice, for that there they might be heard, being provided of vowers according to justice and the laws of the Borders. And as I understand by her Majesty's own letters, I am charged with the great bill of Tyndall that justice hath not been done in that which shall appear when your Lordship and Sir William Bowes, who are appointed commissioners for receiving the rolls, that I have sufficiently discharged her Majesty and myself, being warden in the same; as will appear by the indent and all other matters which are justly to be charged withal.
	Nothwithstanding, on your Lordship's request, I am contented to do my endeavour to keep the Borders in the best staye I am able. Had it not been at your Lordship's request, no man in England should have caused me to continue or exercise the office.—Alnwick, this 23rd of October, 1595.
	P.S.—I have caused my servant at Hexham to deliver to Lord Ewre many hangings for the house, beds, vessels, and all other things necessary for his use, to receive the same at his coming.
	Superscribed :—“To the right honourable and his very good lord the Earl of Huntingdon, Lord President and Lord Lieutenant in the north. Vera copia. Jo. Ferne.”
	2 pp. (35. 89.)
	Lord Cobham to Sir Robert Cecil.
[1595,] Oct. 25.	Until his servant came from Court very late, knew not whether any lodging had been appointed him until this morning; and when he came from Greenwich, brought his chamber stores hither, so that he cannot be there to-morrow. Will hasten all he can as he would be right sorry that her Majesty should be displeased with him.—Cobham Hall, 25 October.
	(Signed) W. Cobham.
	Addressed :—
	“For her Ma^ty affaires.
	To my loving son-in-law, Sir Robert Cecil, knight, one of her Ma^ty most honorable privy council.
	Cobham Hall the xxv^th of October at nine in the forenoon.
	W. Cobham.
	Haste post post haste post post haste.”
	Note on cover :—“Dartford, the 25^th of October, at half hour past 10 a forenoon.”
	Endorsed :—“1595.” Seal. ½ p. (35. 91.)
	Florence McCarthy to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 27.	Understanding by Mr. Stanhop that at his last conference with my lord of me, his lordship told him that he would despatch me here now without going into Ireland, if he could, or else deliver me letters to go thither; and for that I am not able, after 5 years' imprisonment and three years' suit, with the loss of all my living, to maintain myself here any longer, nor had never been able to live here these fifteen months that I have now attended, if I had not been maintained by Mr. Herbert Pelham in hope that I might obtain some means of her Majesty for his satisfaction of such sum of money as he disbursed for me; who, perceiving my cause to be delayed and like to be referred for some certificate into Ireland, is so far discouraged as I cannot receive no relief of him nor of nobody else; wherefore I humbly beseech your Honour, upon whose honorable favour and friendship I do rely most, to be a mean that my lord will move her Majesty for me, whereby some course may be taken for my despatch here, for, as God judge me, I cannot follow my cause any longer, except I might have some maintenance of her Majesty to go into Ireland about it or to follow it here, seeing Mr. Pelham gave over to maintain me any longer.—27th of Octobre, 1595.
	Holograph. Seal. ½ p. (35. 92.)
	William Aldersey, Mayor of Chester, to the Earl of Derby.
1595, Oct. 27.	Reminding him that M. Fowlke Aldersey, late mayor of this city, informed him on the 2nd of this month of the arrival from the Isle of Man of one Humfrey Scarswick, Comptroller thereof, with instructions from Sir Thomas Gerrard, knight, Captain of the Isle, to receive here shot and powder from his Honour, to be defrayed with ready money which he brought with him. The gentleman has since stayed here, expecting his Honour's resolution; and having now a meet messenger, beseeches to know his pleasure in that behalf.—Chester, October 27, 1595.
	Holograph. ½ p. (35. 93.)
	Hans Dyryckson to Sir Peter Vanlore.
1595, Oct. 27./Nov. 6.	Sir Peter, This is only to let you understand that your process stands as before and nothing done therein. The bruit goeth that you are affrayed the contrary, but trust you me, you need no more fear those matters as yet than I need to fear to be beaten of a boy of a year old. To be vigilant and careful is very commendable, but your “partys wryttinges” is far from being ready to give over in law.
	Your neighbours are where I wrote in my last. If their despatch come not the sooner they will to Rome, and so see Italy. They thought to have sent a factor in those parts : I had one with him to bring you to have the first sight of his commodities, but the passage is so dangerous and so narrowly and straitly kept and looked unto, that he durst not adventure, so both are returned. Concerning their trade and proceedings I wrote much in my former letter, to which I refer.
	The Cardinal is upon the way and in my opinion will be here betwixt this and Christmas. It is given out he bringeth great sums of money. I know the contrary, and that these are but speeches to put men in great expectations and hope that at his arrival all shall be contentment.
	Steven Devara and Count de Fontes do go from these parts—the one for Spain, the other into Italy, where he shall have some government or other. He is looked for daily to Brussells. The camp is dispersed. The Spanish government is much disliked by all men. The Cardinal's coming giveth satisfaction.
	Concerning the king of France. How those affairs stand you may partly see by the enclosed, the which I send to that effect. Besides this I am assured of that underhand great mean there is made for a peace betwixt the two kings of Spain and France. They are such that handle those affairs as are able to bring it to pass; besides the spirituality, nobility and subjects of both sides make great intercession for amity betwixt the two princes; therefore, assure yourself it will he brought to pass.
	So, good Sir, I take my leave the 6 of November, '95.
	P.S.—Mr. David Yngelby, with his wife, the Earl of Westmerland his dochter, arrived in Antwerp the 17 October. He is come by the way of Seeland, and sayeth that there is great fear amongst you. It may be; but trust you me, it is of your own shadow.
	Addressed :—“An S^r Pieter Vanlore, marchan.”
	Holograph. Seal. 1 p. (35. 107.)
	William Stallenge to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 28.	This last day there arrived a flyboat laden with corn, taken by Lord Cumberland's ships, and in her one Captain Preston, his lordship's servant, who reports that about six weeks past his frigate met with H.M. Fleet about 40 leagues from the Souther Cape, all well, directing their course for the Canaries, having then taken two fly-boats laden with divers commodities, whereof Sir Francis Drake remained with one; the other being under the charge of Sir John Hawkins, escaped from him again in the night.
	Thinks well to certify this though Cecil may have more certain advertisement hereof from one other of Lord Cumberland's ships which is supposed to be at Portsmouth ere this.
	Sends a letter for Lord Cumberland from his servant that by Cecil's means, his lordship may give order the prize of corn may he sold as the country standeth in great need thereof, the price of wheat being now (this town's measure which is sixteen gallons) between 9s. and 10s. the bushel, and like to be dearer.—Plymouth, the 28th of October, 1595.
	Noted on cover :—“From James Bagg, Mayor of Plymouth, the 28th at twelve of the clock at noon.
	Aisheberton half an hour after three in the afternoon the same day.
	At Exeter 3 quarters after 6 in the night.
	At Honiton half an hour after nyne of the clock in the afternoon.
	At Crockehorne at 11 of the clock in the morning from Hunyton.
	Received at Sherborne half an hour after 4 of the clock in the morning.
	Received from Shasbery half an hour past x of the clock at Sarum.
	At Andover halfe our past one of the clock in the afternoon.
	Received at Basingstoke the xxix^th of October at 5 o'clock in the afternoon.
	Hartford Bridge the 29th of Oct. at 7 of the clock in the afternoon.”
	Holograph. Seal broken. ½ p. (35. 91.)
	The Bailiffs and Aldermen of Colchester to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 28.	Understand by his letters he is desirous of the recordership of their town, void by the death of Sir Thomas Heneage, which office vesteth not with them but in twenty-four commoners appointed therefore by the general voice of the whole or most part of the free burgesses of the town. The election has been delayed by the absence of one of the bailiffs at the time of receipt of his letter, but now they will have the office established by the election and do their utmost to effect his desire in the same.—Colchester, this 28th of October, 1595.
	Signed :—Thomas Haselwood, Henry Osborne, Bailiffs; Robert Mott, Martin Bessell, Thomas Raymond, Ralph Northaye, William Tomson, Thomas Ingram, Thomas Hickford, Aldermen.
	½ p. (35. 95.)
	Ottywell Smyth to the Earl of Essex.
1595, Oct. 28.	Wrote by Humphrey Basse of the discontent of the governors of Dieppe and Caen at Le Grand and Varvackes having the lieutenantship of Normandy. “This doth likewise discontent the governor of Normandy, which is the Duke Monpansyer; for he doth not love Monsieur Le Grand. And I have seen a letter that was written to the governor of this town, wherein the Duke de Monpansyer would gladly that her Majesty would write to the King that he might have the disposition of the governors of the towns that be in Normandy,” or there is like to be trouble. The Duke was sent for to the King but made excuses; and so did this governor. The King went to Le Fere fearing the enemy might come to victual it; but is now returned to Amiens, for the enemy threaten Ardres. “The Duke Deparnone is now declared for the League, for he doth demand such places as the King cannot give him, as the town of St. Jean d'Angelye; so the Constable could do nothing with him.” Encloses the governor of Dieppe's letter.—Dieppe, 28 Oct. 1595.
	Holograph. ½ p. (172. 84.)
	Sir Thomas Hoby to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 29.	His success at his last being in the North was such as that he is now returning thither. Beseeches letters to the Earl of Huntingdon, thanking him for former favours (which have been exceeding much) and praying a continuance. Would not have troubled him but finds his lady mother so backward for his preferment that he has no other hope to draw her to do anything but by the Lord Treasurer's means; and, as he has already troubled his lordship with sundry letters and is by some friends to solicit his favourable help to his mother, thought it too much to trouble him now.—This 29th of October, 1595.
	P.S.—Is to be in York upon Monday, whither he would that Cecil would command him some service.
	Holograph. ½ p. (35. 96.)
	M. Beauvoir la Nocle to the Earl of Essex.
1595, Oct. 29./Nov. 8.	Knowing his confidence in M. de la Fontaine, does not write at length, but writes his affair to La Fontaine to impart to him at his leisure. Essex has no truer friends than Beauvoir and the Vidame of Chartres, who went to the King 15 or 20 days ago. Intends to follow him about the end of the month.
	“Estant la [with the King], ne doubtez, Monsieur, que par ci appres nous ne soyons plus diligens et l'un et l'autre de payer une bien pelitte partie du debvoir duquel nous sommes obliges et plus que tresobligez, premierement a Sa Majeste Serene, secondement a vous, et generallement a toutte votre brave nation parmy laquelle nous avons receu tant de faveur et de courtoisie.” Protests his grief that he has not, as he promised, written to her Majesty since he left England.—Beauvoir, 8 Nov. 1595.
	Endorsed :—8 Nov. “stilo novo.”
	French. Holograph. 2 pp. (172. 90.)
	Edward Wylton to the Earl of Essex.
1595, Oct. 30./Nov. 9.	Most ho. lo. I now understand the reason why the King sent for Señdor Antonio Perez. He gave out to many that he knew would not conceive it from the King, that he came not into France for bread, but to treat of affairs, and that day that his Majesty refused to have him about him, he purposed directly to forsake France. The King at the first wisht him to stay at Paris up till Villeroy's coming, but that being somewhat deferred, and he writing both to his Majesty, Monsieur de La Force and others to the same effect, in the end was sent for, but yet said, he wondred himself for what cause, sed ibo quia rex me vocat. He found the King at Amiens who used him with good grace, but in his journey to La Fere he received so small content amongst the French that he grew to this desperate conclusion, that either they were careless of the King's favors to any men, or else absolutely hated him, whether soever he could not with safety live in France; that he had a retreat which he could not but ever think of; that he would not receive any more of the King's money; that after he had served the King some five or six months he would request that he might be safely sent to Venice, the Segniory only promising fide publica to keep him in safety. My Lord, I find him now somewhat perplexed as doubting whether he should directly shape his course for England or write to your Lordship for means to furnish him for the Order of Saint Esprit, as he freely protested to do. I assure myself he will do the one or the other. He saith he will not content himself to live in France with any mean fortune, and I verily think he will not with any fortune. As for his being a councillor of the Order of Saint Esprit and the promise of the first abbacy, I think will turn all to fume.
	The King lyeth at Traverse, a village hard by La Fere, which he hath besieged. S^r Perez remaineth yet at Chaunye, three leagues off, where he hath at last met with Villeroy, the man so long expected. With him he meaneth to treat of his particular affairs, and so presently discern of his estate. I think the King removeth shortly to St. Quintins, and after to Compiegne, where he meaneth to keep his Christmas, as it is yet supposed. Señdor Perez purposeth amongst other things to move Villeroy to draw the King to an invasive war in Spain. The King of Spain suspecteth he has so much laboured both in England and France, and for that cause his wife, children and friends do suffer inconvenience. If he cannot effect that, as there is no likelihood by reason of the King's exceeding poverty, he meaneth to retire himself according to his former determination.
	The army consisteth of 10,000 foot, whereof there are 3,000 lance-knights, with whom Mons. de Sancy is lately arrived, 3,000 French and 4,000 Swiss. They pass for this number, but I think they may be betwixt 6 and 7,000. There are not yet above 500 horse beside the noblesse that follow the King, which are not above 300. The garrison of La Fere is at least 1,200 : they are victualled (except for bread) for three months, and for bread for one month. They have turned the French out of the town. The town is very little and strong, neither hath the King any hope to take it but by famine. He hath some 6 cannon, and those for the countenance of his army not for battery. The general spoil of the country maketh all things exceeding dear in the army, the provision coming almost as far as Amiens. There are but two passages out of the town, by two causyes. There the King meaneth to build two forts, which when he hath sufficiently fortified and manned, he will dispose of the rest of his army in some better quarter of the country, lest with the general infection of the country it be utterly broken. Both the plague and other sicknesses oppress them sore in La Fere, neither is there news as yet of any head the enemy gathereth for the relief of the town. If they do make any the King will always be ready upon the frontier to attend them. I beseech your lordship pardon me for writing so plainly. If I should conceal anything from you that were requisite to be known, I cannot persuade myself that I should perform the office of an honest man, much less your servant.
	P.S.—Concerning the coming of the Cardinal Alberto, of the forces he bringeth with him into the country, and other circumstances of his journey, I know you shall receive full intelligence from Sr. Perez—A Chauny, 9^o Novemb. '95, stilo novo.
	Addressed :—“To the most honorable lo. my lo. and M^r the Earl of Essex.”
	[This letter is written in 14 different ciphers which are used promiscuously. The parts in cipher are indicated by italics.]
	Holograph. Seal. 3 pp. (35. 112.)
	Ferdinando Gorges to Sir Robert Cecil.
[1595, Oct. 31.]	Praying his signature to the letter enclosed; that by his recommendation of the cause to upright consideration, M^r Ewens may be more circumspect not to wrong Gorges, being practised by many means and offers from Stansfilde and Lady Byndon to favour them in this weighty cause, wherewith her Majesty hath been often made acquainted. If Cecil please, will shew him Lord Burghley's letters, with M^r Attorney's of the Wards, for the warranting of the escheator and jurors in their just proceedings in the division. Asks only lawful favour as to a poor kinsman.
	Endorsed :—“Ul^mo Oct. 1595. M^r F. Gorges to my master.”
	Undated. Seal. ½ p. (35. 97.)
	Dr. Tho. Bilson to Sir Robert Cecil.
1595, Oct. 31.	Past favours lead him to hope the like to come. By convenient means, has sounded the Archbishop, who saith he will do him no wrong but yield him his due if her Majesty like or name him, but he himself is so embarked (as he termeth it) for another that he cannot propose him. Perceives therefore that he must rest and depend chiefly on the favour and furtherance of Lord Burghley and Cecil, whose goodness, though he cannot deserve as he desires, yet will he yield best thanks for.—31 Octo. '95.
	Seal. ½ p. (35. 99.)
	R. Champernown to Sir Robert Cecil.
[1595, Oct.]	Is sorry if anything he has written has been misunderstood, but what most grieved him was that Sir Francis Drake wrote to him that it was told Cecil and in Court that, to satisfy his own humour, he used boys to continue their voices otherwise than were fit for any professing Christianity, wherein he has been exceedingly wronged by the authors of such a report. Confesses that, being naturally and often oppressed with melancholy more than he would wish, he has (though to his own charge) bought such as he has found whose voices contented him.
	If he should lack this youth, knows not where to get another; otherwise Cecil should not so readily require as he yield him, and yet he perceives the report as to the boy's voice is far indeed beyond his deserts. As the case stands, losing this boy, his whole consort for music, which most delights him, were overthrown.
	Touching the note Cecil desires to be satisfied in, upon Sir Francis Drake's letter he doubted that Cecil had some purpose to use some hard measure towards him, which moved him to write as he did, wherein he only meant that if in her Majesty's time, being a most happy time for all Christians to live in, he should have hard measure (especially being so interested in him as his covenant and vowed servant), he would think himself most unhappy, as coming from him he has been so much bound to honour.
	If for his private contentment Cecil would like to have the youth attend him sometimes for a month or two, and so to return again, that that comfort of music wherewith he is delighted be not utterly overthrown, the youth shall be at his command.
	Endorsed :—“Octobre, 1595.”
	Holograph. 1 p. (35. 100.)